Exhibit II Soil Survey

Revised 8/15/2019

The geotechnical engineer in charge of the project is the professional geotechnical engineer who will sign the Soil Survey report.

4.3

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

STATE OF GEORGIA

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING BUREAU

SOIL SURVEY DRILLING AND SAMPLING GUIDELINES

Drilling, Sampling and Special Notes

A. Introduction

The subsurface exploration for a proposed roadway identifies subsurface soils and features that will affect the construction and performance of the roadway. It is the intent of these guidelines to provide accurate and sufficient information to provide the Georgia

Department of Transportation with an approved Soil Survey Summary. To provide such information, perform visual inspection of the entire roadway alignment and sampling.

Visual observations and tests shall include probing of wetlands and ditch lines, with all findings noted in a field book. Photos are also a good record of visual inspection.

Perform sampling as described in these Guidelines.

Prior to developing a subsurface exploration plan, the Geotechnical engineer in charge of the project should have some idea of what they are looking for in the exploration. A good way to learn about an area is to examine the available data concerning the site. These sources of information may include:

Topographic maps

Aerial photos

Existing boring data

Examine roadway cuts in the area

Geologic reports of the area

Experience with soils in the area by DOT Geotechnical Engineers

While looking at this information, the geotechnical engineer in charge of the project needs to answer the following questions:

Do you anticipate encountering rock?

Is the area in a Karst formation?

Do you anticipate slope stability issues?

Do you anticipate corrosive soils?

Do you anticipate very soft, compressible soils?

What variations in soil types do you anticipate?

This information will assist the geotechnical engineer in charge of the project in defining the type and intensity of drilling and sampling that will be required in the subsurface investigation plan. While different types of sampling can be performed, 60% of the samples should be taken as GDOT’s 810.2 samples, as they are vital in determining what soils should be removed or wasted. While SPT borings are required for deep fills, the

810.2 samples also give the continuation and indication of poor soils along the whole project. They also indicate if the soils will need to be undercut, wasted or removed, and determine in the handling of the soils. The 810.2 samples are required both in cut sections and in fill sections.

The Georgia DOT has developed these drilling and sampling guidelines. Their drill crews have followed them for over 30 years. In some cases, these guidelines are very conservative and in some cases, the guidelines do not fully address the geotechnical engineer's need for adequate information. Note that the drill crews were using these guidelines without the direct assistance of a Geotechnical engineer. In view of this, these are general guidelines for the Geotechnical engineer's exploration plan. Some deviation from the guidelines based on the geology and consistency of the subsurface materials may be necessary.

B. Cut Sections

1. Drilling and Sampling Locations

a. On four-lane projects on new alignment, take samples at the center of each direction of travel along the project alignment.

b. On four-lane undivided projects, in areas of the state where soils are relatively consistent (especially in the Coastal Plain), the geotechnical engineer in charge of the project may determine that samples on the centerline may be taken, along with samples of the cut slopes. Please see Sampling Requirement (2a) below.

c. On two-lane projects on new alignment, take samples on the centerline. For road widening projects, take a sample in the center of the new lane(s).

d. Drill to a depth of 5 feet below the proposed grade line. However, on projects that have side ditches in the Piedmont and Valley & Ridge Regions, where rock may be present in cuts, drill 5 feet below the ditchline(s). Note the presence of any standing or flowing water in the ditchline(s).

e. When deep cuts are required to lay the slopes back, a boring every 300 feet is required. The sample locations should include one prior to the slope, and one after the slope. If slopes are on both sides of the alignment, then samples are required for both locations.

f. When encountering rock, drill borings at 100-foot intervals in a grid pattern. If the rock elevation is relatively uniform, continue with this interval, to determine the extent of the rock. If rock elevations are not uniform, drilling at 50-foot intervals may be required. Contact the geotechnical engineer in charge of the project for further instructions.

g. When observing rock, note the following characteristics in the field notes:

1. layered or weathered

2. boulders or rock outcrops

3. drilling is hard or easy through the rock

4. Mechanical refusal occurs.

h. Estimate what will remove the rock - a bulldozer, ripper, light blasting or heavy blasting and note this in the field book.

i. If large quantities of rock exist above grade on large areas of the project, notify the geotechnical engineer in charge of the project immediately. (The project designer may consider raising the grade under certain conditions.) To determine if slopes can be steeper than 2:1, rock cores are necessary. Note the orientation of the sample in relation to the slope on the rock core. If recommending steeper slope(s), note the strike and dip of the rock or provide oriented cores. Contact the geotechnical engineer in charge of the project for further instructions.

2. Sampling Requirements

a. Cut samples should be taken every 300 feet. At the first drilling interval station, take a 20-pound bag sample at each different soil strata. Sample one side first, and if the material on the opposite side appears to be visually the same as at the first side, no additional sampling at that drilling interval station will be necessary. Note this in the field log. Mark the samples for 810.2 classification. In addition to the

20-pound bag, take a 1-pound bag for in-situ moisture content. See Sample and

Labeling instructions below.

In addition, an experienced driller or the geotechnical engineer in charge of the project may determine that soils from subsequent borings are similar enough to the samples previously taken, and reduce the number of samples from subsequent locations. The practice of reduction is limited to 1000 feet of continuous alignment. If similar soils to the previous samples, note in the field log. Other sources include geologic maps, previous test data, old reports, etc. Consult these sources before reducing sampling and testing.

b. Take a minimum 40-pound bag sample at intervals of one per 2000 feet on the centerline at a depth of 0 to 2 feet below the proposed grade. Mark the 40-pound samples for testing for Soil Support Value and 810.2.

c. If the project is within any of the following counties, take several (1-pound) soil samples from deeper cut sections, place in plastic bags and mark them for corrosion series testing.

Bartow Bryan Camden Carroll Chatham Charlton

Cherokee Fannin Gilmer Glynn Gordon Haralson

Heard Liberty McIntosh Paulding Pickens Polk

3. Groundwater

a. Note groundwater encountered during the drilling of all cuts. If none encountered, leave several drill holes unfilled but covered (for safety reasons), and make a 24-hour check of the groundwater table. Make a note what depth the groundwater was encountered and the time checked after drilling, or if no groundwater was found, or if the boring caved and what depth it caved at. After the 24-hour check, fill the hole and cover. Note all observations in the field book.

b. If water is flowing in side ditches along the roadway in any of the counties noted in section B.2.d, take several (1-liter) samples from different locations and mark them for corrosion series testing.

C. Fill Sections

1. Drilling and Sampling Intervals

a. On four-lane projects on new alignment, drill borings between the top of slope and the toe of the slopes on the left and right sides along the project alignment.

b. If the project is a widening, drill only on the side that has the new construction. If the project is a two-lane road on new alignment, drilling at the centerline will be required unless the fill heights result in a wide enough road footprint that two borings per station may be required.

If the footprint exceeds 100 feet wide, two borings may be required. Discuss with the geotechnical engineer in charge of the project. Also, consult other sources including geologic maps, previous test data, old reports, etc. to help determine whether one or two borings per station will be required. The geotechnical engineer in charge of the project may also provide additional guidelines for these situations. In addition, if there are visible, significant changes in the material type that may cause settlement problems with the roadway, drill at a frequency sufficient to represent the changes in material.

If the project is only a bridge replacement or bridge widening with less than 500 feet of approach fills, take at least two samples on each side of the bridge.

c. When muck (very soft, organic silty clay or plastic silt) or other areas of very soft soils are encountered, drill or probe with hand tools at 100-foot intervals on the centerline, left and right sides if the depth of the muck is relatively uniform. If not uniform, drill or probe at 50-foot intervals on the centerline, left and right sides.

Notify the engineer of these areas as soon as possible, as Shelby tubes and vane shear or other in-place soil tests may be required. Collect Shelby Tubes in accordance with ASTM D1587. Place all notes in field book, noting the station, location and depth.

d. If any landfills or trash dumps are present on the proposed alignment, notify the geotechnical engineer in charge of the project immediately.

2. Sampling Requirements

a. Fill samples should be taken every 500 feet. At each drilling interval station, take an 810.2 (20-pound) bag sample. Sample the centerline first, and if the material on the left and right sides appears to be the same as at the centerline, no additional sampling at that interval will be necessary. If the material on the side(s) is significantly different, however, take a sample of it. Mark the samples for 810.2 classification. In addition to the 20-pound bag, take a 1-pound bag for in-situ moisture content. See Sample and Labeling instructions below.

b. Where fill heights are relatively low (less than 15 feet), samples should be taken 5 feet below the existing grade. The 810.2 bag samples may be collected by hand auger or posthole. Probe the area, to check for loose/soft soil conditions. Mark the samples for 810.2 classification.

c. For fills greater than 15 feet, take SPT samples (either mud rotary or auger) every

5 feet to a depth of approximately 1½ times the, maximum fill height at that station. Place them in an appropriate jar. If very soft soils are encountered within

15 feet of the surface, Shelby Tubes should be taken. See labeling requirements in the GDOT Sample Labeling Guidelines. These samples should be marked for

Unified Classification and submit the boring logs with the field book. Boring logs should include accurate surveyed ground elevations.

d. However, if soft or unstable soils are present, drill to the bottom of these soils.

(See also item C.1.d.). If the project has few or no cut sections, take a minimum

40-pound bag sample at intervals of one per 2000 feet on the centerline (See also item B.2.c.). Mark the samples for testing to obtain a Soil Support Value.

e. If the project crosses areas of muck or very soft and/or wet soils, take 810.2 bag samples and a 1-pound soil sample for in-situ moisture, store in a sealed plastic bag. Mark the 1-pound soil sample for testing for in-situ moisture content, organic content and Unified Classification.

3. Groundwater

If the project crosses a lake, pond, swamp, or other inundated area, probe the bottom of these areas to check for soft material and take several samples of the soils on the bottom of the inundated area. The samples should be tightly stored in a plastic bag.

Mark and test these samples for Unified Classification.

D. Special Notes for All Projects

1. Place all notes in a field book, and submit with the Soil Survey.

2. Make notes on any wells, whether they are on the plans or not. Note the Station number, offset from centerline, size, approximate depth, type of well (drilled, brick-lined, concrete-lined, etc.) and the approximate water level.

3. If any landfills or trash dumps are present on the proposed alignment, notify the geotechnical engineer in charge of the project immediately.

4. Make notes on any springs, streams or other bodies of water, whether they are on the plans or not. Note the Station number, offset from centerline and direction of flow. Note whether the spring appears to flow year round, or is a wet-weather spring only.

5. Note if there are any wet-weather ditches, swamps or low wet areas on the project alignment.

6. If fills are located at the bottom of cuts or on existing grade, push Shelby Tubes in these locations for settlement evaluation if soft soils are present. See the GDOT

Labeling Requirements.

7. If the project includes the construction of new pavement over existing paved shoulders, take samples (from the subgrade level to two feet below subgrade) below the paved shoulder at every third drilling interval. The samples should be stored in a plastic bag, and labeled for in-situ moisture content and Unified

Classification testing.

8. Note any heavily forested areas in which large amounts of soil stripping will be required.

9. Note the location of any trash piles, buildings or building foundations, caves or limesinks.

10. Note if the project will pass through residential or commercial areas, which have buildings that will be relatively close to new construction, or buildings that are in poor condition. Take water samples (1-liter bottle) on each project at stream crossings or large cross-drain pipes. Mark the samples for corrosion series testing.

If the streambeds are dry, take a 1-pound sample and place it in a plastic bag, and mark it for corrosion series testing.

11. Note the size, type and condition of all cross-drain and other exposed pipes. Note the presence and depth of silt and debris blocking the drains.

12. Note the type and condition of the pavement, and if there are any industries such as sawmills, truck stops, rock quarries, paper mills, etc. that would have frequent heavy truck traffic.

13. Note any other problems or additional information that would be helpful in the foundation design or construction of the roadway.

E. Laboratory Testing

The primary testing of soil survey samples from cut sections is according to the series of tests indicated in Section 810.2 of the Standard Specifications book. These tests include:

Nos. 60 and 200 sieve analysis

Maximum dry density

Volume change (shrinkage and swell)

Percent clay

Optimum moisture content

The primary testing of samples from high fill sections should be in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) and includes, but is not limited to, the following:

Washed gradation over a series of sieves

Plasticity Index (PI) tests

The geotechnical engineer in charge of the project may require Plasticity Index test run on selected samples from cut sections. Other tests on select disturbed samples include, but are not limited to:

Organic content

In-place moisture content

Corrosion series (pH and resistivity)

Specific gravity

Depending on the sub-surface conditions and project requirements, some of the following tests may also be required at the discretion of the geotechnical engineer in charge:

Consolidation

Triaxial

Permeability

Direct shear

Rock unconfined compressive strength

Sample Types and Definitions

Bulk Soil Sample Types Bags for Bulk Soil Samples are to be made of cotton or natural fibers and need to be strong enough to hold 40-pound samples and tightly stitched with closely woven fabric to prevent fine grain soils from leaking through the fabric. The bags should not be air tight, to allow the sample to dry before testing.

810.2 – 20 lbs. bulk soil sample to be placed in Cotton bag generally conforming to GDOT Standard Specification 881.2.04.

Soil support – 40 lbs. bulk soil sample to be placed in Cotton bag generally conforming to GDOT Standard Specification 881.2.04.

Split Spoon (SPT) sample – wide mouth Jar with screw-on sealing lid, 16 oz. jars may be plastic or glass. Fill the sample jar, if not enough sample was recovered, note why on the boring log. Do not put SPT samples in plastic bags for GDOT for testing.

Shelby tube (Thin walled Tube Sample) – 3 inch OD diameter by 36-inch length, per

ASTM D1587, for soft clay or plastic silt. To ensure sufficient sampling, the driller must advance the Shelby tube the full length of the tube into the soil layer. Cap the tube for a watertight seal. Tubes must always be transported vertically and not allowed to tip or lay on their side.

Corrosion series (water) – Samples are to be collected in a new and clean 1-Liter bottle with a watertight sealing cap.

Corrosion series (soil) - If the project is within any of the following Counties, take several 1-pound soil samples from deeper cuts, place in plastic bags and mark them for corrosion series testing.

Bartow Bryan Camden Carroll Chatham Charlton

Cherokee Fannin Gilmer Glynn Gordon Haralson

Heard Liberty McIntosh Paulding Pickens Polk

Samples should be at least 1-pound and placed in plastic bags that seal and reasonably prevent moisture seeping out.

Moisture content, organic content and Unified classification (soil) - Samples should be at least 1 lb. and be placed in plastic bags which must seal and reasonably prevent moisture seeping in or out.

Rock Core – Perform coring with NQ sized drilling equipment, unless otherwise instructed by the geotechnical engineer in charge of the project. Save all core runs and label the boxes with the project number and county, boring number, depths and date.

Label the top and bottom of the core runs with the beginning and ending depths. Do not break core runs to fit into boxes. If long boxes are not readily available and cores must be broken to fit into shorter boxes, note the locations of the breaks on the cores and on the drilling logs.

Water Sample – Samples taken at all stream crossings and culverts are to be submitted in a clean, unused 1-liter bottle with a watertight sealing cap.

GDOT labeling requirements for proper labeling of samples to be turned into GDOT for testing

Appendix A

Associated Standard Practices

D6151 Standard Practice for Using Hollow Stem Augers for Geotechnical Exploration and Soil Sampling

D2113 Standard Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling of Rock for Site

Exploration

AASHTO T206 Standard Method of Test for Penetration Test and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils

D6169/D6169M Standard Guide for Selection of Soil and Rock Sampling Devices Used with Drill Rigs for Environmental Investigations

D1586 Standard Test Method for Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Split-Barrel

Sampling of Soils

D1452/D1452M Standard Practices for Soil Exploration and Sampling by Auger Borings

D1587/D1587M Standard Practices for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Fine-Grained

Soils for Geotechnical Purposes

D5434 Standard Guides for Field Logging of Subsurface Explorations of Soil and Rock

D4220/D4220M Standard Practices for Preserving and Transporting Soil Samples

D2488 Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual

Procedures)

D6032/D6032M Standard Test Method for Determining Rock Quality Designation

(RQD) of Rock Core

The latest editions of the standards above should be followed for any lab tests performed.