AV Technical Document.pdf

OAFB B500 Repair NC3 2F Wing FFE & AV

Section 27 41 00 Page 1

SECTION 27 41 00

AUDIO-VIDEO SYSTEMS

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SECTION INCLUDES

A. Requirements for the visual display, processing, routing, interface, audio support, control, and other peripheral and support equipment for audiovisual (AV) systems.

1.2 SUBSTITUTIONS

A. Requests for substitution of equipment/materials shall comply with Section 01300 regarding the proposed substitute item(s), specifications, and front/rear views.

1.3 REFERENCES

A. InfoComm International, "Basics of Audio and Visual Systems Design".

B. InfoComm 10:2013, "Audiovisual Systems Performance Verification".

C. InfoComm 2M-2010, "Standard Guide for Audiovisual Systems Design and Coordination Processes".

D. AVIXA, F501.01:2015 "Cable Labeling for Audiovisual Systems".

1.4 DEFINITIONS

A. The term "OFE" shall refer to "Owner Furnished Equipment" which will be provided by the Owner to the Installer. This equipment will be integrated as required.

B. The term "shall" is mandatory; the term "will" is informative;

the term "should" is advisory; and the term "provide" means furnish and install.

1.5 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

A. Provide all equipment, materials, associated hardware, power supplies, labor, transportation and incidentals, and all work needed for the installation and testing of the AV systems.

B. The AV systems equipment will be installed within the equipment racks indicated within these specifications, associated drawings, and within the Owner provided areas associated with the specified systems. It is the responsibility of the AV Contractor to verify space within racks, rooms, and cabinetry prior to installation as a portion of the Submittal Documents.

C. The work shall be in accordance with this specification and in conformity with the designs, layouts and descriptions shown on the drawings.

D. Any and all structural, mounting, or rigging details within this package is strictly conceptual. It is the responsibility of the AV Contractor to coordinate with design team Structural Engineer

Section 27 41 00 Page 2 as necessary. Calculations shop drawings, and details of any structural modifications or additions shall be submitted to the Architect for approval.

E. Unless stated otherwise on the drawings, the work shall include everything necessary or incidental to complete the installation EXCEPT wire raceway (including conduit), raceway fittings, outlet boxes, pull boxes, terminal cabinets, 120 volt AC power circuits, lighting systems, and insulated ground cables.

1.6 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

A. The AV Contractor shall provide low-voltage "on/off' control system wiring, low-voltage "on/off' control switches, and certain AC power/ground requirements internal to the equipment racks as specifically noted herein and/or on the drawings.

B. Except when plenum rated cabling is used above finished ceilings, it is required that cabling for microphone and line inputs, wideband RGBHV, video, control and other AV related cabling be routed inside the comprehensive system of conduit indicated on the drawings and installed by others. Floor and wall boxes shall serve as the primary interface points to the AV system.

C. Provide and install cover plates, connectors and associated cabling to link all floor and wall boxes to all affiliated local and remote AV components. The Owner will provide no additional conduit, power or workboxes. If additional infrastructure is required, include provisions for what is additionally required in the proposal. No wiremold or surface mounted raceway will be permitted.

D. All touch panel layouts are to comply with the applicable Owner's standards for touch panel layouts in both ascetics and programing types.

1.7 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

A. Performance Standards: Unless restricted by the published specification of a particular piece of equipment, or unless otherwise required, the following minimum performance standards shall be met by the AV system:

1. Audio:

a. S/N (including crosstalk and hum): 75dB minimum.

b. Total Harmonic Distortion: 0.5% maximum from 30 Hz to

15,000 Hz.

c. Frequency Response: Flat within +1.0 dB, 30 Hz to

15,000 Hz.

2. Display:

a. Minimum 150:1 contrast ratio.

3. Video:

a. S/N (peak to RMS), unweighted DC to 4.2 MHz: 45 dB minimum.

b. Crosstalk, unweighted DC to 4.2 MHz: 45 dB minimum.

c. Frequency Response (RGBHV): Within +0.5 dB to 300

MHz.

d. Frequency Response (composite): Within +0.5 dB to 10

MHz.

Section 27 41 00 Page 3

e. Frequency Response (component): Within +0.5 dB to 100 MHz.

f. Line and Field Tilt: 2% maximum.

g. Differential Gain: 3% maximum.

h. Differential Phase: 2 degrees maximum.

4. Performance Test Signal Paths: The signal paths for the above Performance Standards shall be as follows:

a. Audio: From any and all source inputs (microphones, audiotape units, videotape units, etc.) through all audio mixers, switchers, distribution amplifiers, codec’s, etc., to all signal destinations.

b. Video: From all source inputs (cameras, computers, videotape units, etc.) through all switchers, processors, distribution amplifiers, etc., to all signal destinations.

1.8 SUBMITTALS

A. Comply with the requirements of project General Conditions.

Verify with the Architect, the quantity of copies required for each submittal package to allow copies to be: retained by the AV Engineer (and, as applicable, any other reviewing party);

distributed to the Architect (and, as applicable, the Owner, Design Team members, and General Contractor or Construction Manager); and returned to the AV Contractor. Quantity shall be minimized by limiting distribution only to persons having a need-to-know.

B. Submittals shall comply with the overall project schedule.

Failure to make timely, complete submittals is considered to be a lack of substantial progress of the work in the section.

C. For the first submittal, also referred to as Shop Drawings, the AV Contractor shall provide the following:

1. A complete list of all equipment and materials intended for the project, and with the list arranged in the same order as in the specifications. The material and equipment lists shall be submitted and reviewed before any equipment and material is purchased.

2. The equipment list shall be accompanied by manufacturer's specification sheets on all MAJOR pieces of equipment, including: video projectors, amplifiers, mixers, program source equipment, signal processing, loudspeakers, control system, and other MAJOR components of the audiovisual system. Unless directed otherwise in the front-end portion of the contract documents, cut sheets for minor items such as headphones, audio and video adapters, and audio and video connectors shall not be included. However, complete cut sheets shall be required for all substitutes or other equipment not specified herein.

D. Sufficiently prior to installation of each respective portion of work, the AV Contractor shall submit the following:

1. All panel and plate layouts (such as for wall boxes and for rack/cart-mounting) indicating locations of connectors, engraving, labeling, nomenclature, panel material, and finish.

Section 27 41 00 Page 4

2. All Equipment racks, cabinets, consoles, tables and cart front elevations showing equipment and panel layout.

3. Control system button/panel/screen layouts.

4. All non-factory equipment modifications.

5. All cable labeling plans

6. For any permanent exposed cable applications, written authorization from the Architect (or Architect's designated Engineer) as to which locations are approved in addition to cable pathway being utilized

7. Shop drawings as indicated elsewhere in these specifications and/or on the project drawings.

E. Copies of all reviewed submittals shall be kept at the project site during the construction of the project, for reference.

F. If the submittal is technically disapproved, the Engineer will return necessary copies to the PM with written explanation attached indicating the areas the submittal deviated from the system specifications.

G. EQUIPMENT MANUALS

1. At the completion of the project, the AV Contractor shall compile a minimum of three (or quantity as described under the General Conditions, plus one copy) complete, identical copies (sets) of the items listed below.

a. All shop drawings of physical details (corrected to take into account any submittal review notations).

b. Original copies of manufacturers' catalogue sheets on

ALL supplied equipment;

c. Original copies of manufacturers' engineering data sheets on ALL supplied equipment;

d. Original copies of ALL literature supplied with each item of equipment, including operating instructions and maintenance manuals. Manuals not routinely supplied with an item of equipment will not be required;

e. Other "as installed" Contractor-generated or vendor-generated drawings of the system which are not otherwise reflected in the project drawings.

2. CD ROM's shall include the programming files for each of the systems within the project. These files shall be utilized to return the systems to the base line of operation established at the time of Final Systems Test and Equivalentization. Source Code files shall become property of the Owner with no license limitations.

H. AS-INSTALLED WIRING DIAGRAMS

1. Five working days prior to the proof of performance test, the Contractor shall deliver to the Owner, two complete sets of as-installed wiring diagrams of the system. The diagrams shall show all inputs and outputs of electronic and passive equipment correctly identified according to the markers installed on the interconnecting cables, equipment and room/area locations.

I. SYSTEM OPERATION MANUAL

Section 27 41 00 Page 5

1. Produce this manual specifically for the system detailed herein. The manual shall describe all procedures necessary to activate the system to provide for the functional requirements, except as specifically excluded by the Owner.

This section shall provide a non-technical graphic and narrative "how-to" users guide for the procedures needed to operate the system. The document shall contain a section on operating the system's equipment in the event of control system failure. Control system touchpanel layouts shall be accompanied by narrative text describing step-by-step function engagement.

1.9 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Contractor Qualifications:

1. Work in this section shall be performed by a AV Contractor who: complies with the requirements of Division 01, and is licensed to perform work of this type in the project jurisdiction, and has at least five (5) years of verifiable direct experience with the devices, equipment and systems of the type and scope specified herein.

2. The Contractor's AV Technicians assigned to the systems shall be fully trained, qualified, and carry valid and current industry certifications regarding the engineering, installation, operation, and testing of AV technologies. At least one (1) CTS-D or CTS-I shall be assigned to oversee the complete design and installation of the system. The Contractor shall provide formal written evidence of current industry certifications for the designer(s) and installer(s) dedicated to this project as a part of their submittal or to the AV Engineer before being allowed to commence work on the system.

a. The AV Contractor shall include, with his bid, a list of credentialed staff who will be actively involved in this project including specific tasks each will perform. These personnel shall have at least three

(3) years direct experience in similar work, evidence of which shall be verified in writing with appropriate references.

b. The AV Contractor shall have a minimum of one full-time staff member, who has a minimum of three (3) years direct experience and be a factory certified programmer on most recent version of the specified control system software and technology. This individual shall be the same throughout the execution of the work unless illness, loss of personnel, or other reasonable circumstances intervene. The replacement shall be approved by the AV Engineer

B. Maintenance Proximity: Not more than 2 hours normal travel time from Installer's place of business to Project site.

C. Source Limitations: Obtain display equipment through a single source authorized by manufacturer to distribute each product.

D. CERTIFICATIONS

1. After the system has been provided, pretested, and found to meet the requirements of this specification, the Contractor

Section 27 41 00 Page 6 shall submit a letter to the AV Engineer certifying that the system is ready for the formal proof of performance test to be accomplished in the presence of the Engineer or Engineers' representative.

a. In the interim, the systems shall be left operating to "burn-in".

b. A copy of each recorded system pretest measurements shall be submitted to the AV Engineer with the certification. The Contractor shall submit one copy of the measurements to the Engineer for review 15 working days prior to the test.

E. TEST EQUIPMENT LIST

1. Each Contractor is responsible for furnishing all test equipment required to test the system in accordance with the parameters specified. Unless otherwise stated, the test equipment shall not be considered part of the system.

Each Contractor shall furnish test equipment of accuracy better than the parameters to be tested.

2. The test equipment furnished by each Contractor shall have a calibration tag of an acceptable calibration service dated not more than 12 months prior to the test. As part of the submittal, a test equipment list shall be furnished that includes the make and model number of the following type of equipment as a minimum. A sample of each of the following items shall be furnished to the AV Engineer for approval prior to installation. The samples may be returned to each Contractor at the discretion of the Owner:

a. Two foot section of each cable and/or wire to be used with connectors installed and original equipment manufacturer's cable sweep compliance and/or certification tags as specified herein.

b. Back Boxes and junction boxes.

c. Cover plates used for wall and floor boxes.

d. AV outlets with back box, cover plate, and outlets installed.

e. UPS equipment (if required by system design).

1.10 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND PROTECTION

A. The AV Contractor shall protect all work, materials and equipment from damage due to any cause. He shall provide for the safety and new condition of the equipment and materials until final acceptance by the Owner. The AV Contractor will replace all damaged or defective materials and/or equipment as directed by the Architect or AV Engineer.

B. Equipment racks and other exposed equipment shall be kept covered and protected from airborne contaminates. The AV Contractor shall clean all debris from the equipment room(s) and control console area, and shall clean all equipment and the interior rack floor, prior to system commissioning activities.

1.11 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. During the course of project construction, the AV Contractor shall personally examine the site of the proposed work and verify the conditions which involve his work.

Section 27 41 00 Page 7

B. Prior to equipment installation all AV equipment that requires an IP address shall be turned over to the owner for IP registration.

The owner shall be setting up an onsite area for this IP registration.

C. By the act of submitting a bid, the AV Contractor will be deemed to have made reasonable allowances for site examinations and site conditions, and included all costs in his proposal. Failure to verify site conditions will not be considered a basis for the granting of additional compensation.

D. The AV Contractor shall comply with all applicable national and local codes, ordinances, and obtain all required permits. The AV Contractor shall be held responsible for any violations of the law within the scope of his work.

E. All equipment shall be new and in proper operating condition. All workmanship shall be of the finest quality by experienced installation technicians.

F. The AV Contractor shall contact Architect, in writing, regarding the selection of colors for all equipment such as loudspeaker grilles, exposed loudspeaker boxes, wall plates, millwork, laminate, and other items specific to the project prior to ordering equipment.

G. In addition to a complete set of the system project drawings and specifications, the AV Contractor shall maintain at the job site a complete set of manufacturer's original operation, instruction, installation, and service manuals for each equipment item, for reference.

H. The AV Contractor shall schedule and sequence the AV system rough-in work to coordinate with the established general construction sequence as updated from time to time by Architect.

I. Once the AV Contractor begins work at the project site, the company shall maintain a project manager for the duration of the work to supervise the work force and to provide coordination with other trades and/or Architect.

J. The project manager shall attend any regularly scheduled construction progress meetings. These meetings will include, but not be limited to Owner Architect Meetings, walk through meetings with the Owner and Engineer, and weekly construction meetings.

K. The AV Contractor shall conform to all site policies regarding safety, job site hours, and any additional policy which may affect site conditions.

1.12 WARRANTY

A. The AV Contractor shall warrant all work executed under this contract, including all in-shop and onsite material, parts and labor, for a period of twelve months.

B. Warranty period to start after the date of final acceptance of the system by Owner.

Section 27 41 00 Page 8

C. The Contractor shall provide original equipment manufacturer's equipment warranty documents, to the Owner (or Facility Contracting Officer if the Facility has taken procession of the building), that certifies each item of equipment installed conforms to each original equipment manufacturer's published specifications.

D. The Owners maintenance personnel shall have the ability to contact the AV Contractor and original equipment manufacturers for emergency maintenance and logistic assistance, remote diagnostic testing, and assistance in resolving technical problems. This contact capability shall be provided by the Contractor and each original equipment manufacturer at no additional cost to the Owner.

E. All AV Contractor maintenance and supervisor personnel shall be fully qualified by the original equipment manufacturers and must provide copies of current and qualified original equipment manufacturer training certificates and original equipment manufacturer certification upon request.

F. The warranty services are limited to normal business hours, unless additional agreements are made between the Owner and the AV Contractor.

G. The AV Contractor shall visit the job just prior to the end of the warranty period to check all equipment for proper system operation. Any defective equipment found shall be replaced or repaired under the terms of the system warranty.

H. The AV Contractor shall provide alternate pricing for second year and third year on-site services, and supply specific detail of the services and warranties that would be provided.

I. RESPONSE TIME DURING THE ONE YEAR WARRANTY PERIOD

1. The Owner or Facility Contracting Officer is the AV

Contractor's reporting and contact official for system trouble calls, during the warranty period.

a. A standard work week is considered 8:00 A.M. to 5:00

P.M., Monday through Friday.

1) The Contractor shall respond and correct on-site trouble calls, during the standard work week to:

2) Trouble call within one working day of its report. A routine trouble is considered a trouble which causes a single interface, projector or loudspeaker component to be intermittent or inoperable.

3) An emergency trouble call within four hours of its report. An emergency trouble is considered a trouble which causes the entire display or audio system to be inoperable at anytime.

J. WORK NOT INCLUDED

1. Maintenance and repair service shall not include the performance of any work due to improper use; accidents;

other vendor, Contractor, or Owner tampering or negligence, for which the Contractor is not directly responsible and

Section 27 41 00 Page 9 does not control. The Contractor shall immediately notify the Owner or Facility Contracting Officer upon the discovery of these incidents, in writing. The Owner or Facility Contracting Officer will investigate all reported incidents and render findings concerning any AV Contractors responsibility.

1.13 MAINTENANCE SERVICE

A. The AV Contractor shall visit the job just prior to the end of the warranty period to check all equipment for proper system operation. Any defective equipment found shall be replaced or repaired under the terms of the system warranty.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

A. GENERAL

1. All materials provided under this contract shall be TAA compliant. Passive and electronic components and cabling shall be provided under the original equipment manufacturer's recommendations and guidance, to prevent damage to any system equipment from electrostatic discharges. The Contractor shall contact the Engineer for technical review and approval for this requirement in case of system redesign or change of technical approved system equipment that may require substitution.

2. It is the intention of these specifications to form a guide for complete and properly operating AV systems. These specifications' equipment and hardware listings herein represent only some of the major items of the systems' prerequisites. The major items of equipment shall be furnished in the quantity indicated by the one-line diagrams on the drawings or in the quantity as specified herein. However, where an item of equipment or hardware that may not be specifically shown on the single line drawings or specified herein this general and/or a specific section, but is required for complete and properly operating AV systems operation or installation, it shall be furnished by the AV Contractor.

3. Any item necessary for the operation of the systems within this document but not specifically listed or drawn shall be included by the bidder to the bidders pricing which includes pricing for all incidentals and labor necessary to complete the installation.

4. In any case, where a specific specification has not been included herein or shown on the drawings for any item that is required, the AV Contractor shall furnish only the highest quality equipment or material consistent with the quality of other specified equipment and material.

5. Unless otherwise designated, the AV Contractor shall provide all of one type of equipment from one manufacturer;

for example, power amplifiers of one type to be provided by one manufacturer; all loudspeakers of one type by one manufacturer.

Section 27 41 00 Page 10

6. All major components of technical system equipment shall be provided and installed by a qualified AV Contractor as outlined in Part 1 of this section.

7. All equipment shall be of professional quality. All electronic audio devices shall have electronic or transformer balanced inputs and outputs except for specific program source equipment and. specific mixing console inputs and/or outputs. If an electronic device specified or furnished has an unbalanced input and/or output, the AV Contractor shall make provisions to balance said input/output (i.e., outboard line-level transformer as approved) unless other arrangements have been agreed upon with Architect.

8. Some items listed in these specifications are custom-made products. Ensure when pricing and ordering equipment that the exact part number called out is used. If there is a discrepancy, the AV Contractor shall contact the Architect for clarification.

9. Each digital or digital-controlled equipment component, such as audio delay units or equivalentizers, shall have its power cord connected via a 120VAC spike suppressor (Furman PL-8 Pro).

10. Each software programmable device furnished (i.e.

integrated processing system, control system, etc.) shall include most recent software and appropriate computer interface cable - minimum 25' (device to IBM PC). Cable, software, source (uncompiled) code, binary code, and all related aspects of all software-controlled equipment shall become the property of the Owner and will be furnished as a portion of the Operation & Maintenance (O&M) manuals (see Operation & Maintenance Manuals near the end of Part 3).

11. Each item of equipment to be supplied under this specification shall be new and the current model of a standard product of an original equipment manufacturer of record.

12. Specifications of equipment as set forth in this document are salient and minimum requirements, unless otherwise stated, and shall not be construed as limiting the overall quality, quantity, or performance characteristics of items furnished in the system. When the Contractor furnishes an item of equipment for which there is a specification contained herein, that item of equipment shall meet or exceed the specification for that item of equipment.

13. The systems shall be provided so that the installation, integration, and combination of equipment actually employed does not produce any undesirable visual effects such as keystoning, banding and shimmering as well as any undesirable aural effects such as signal distortion, noise pulses, glitches, audio hum, poling noise, voltage or spike transients, etc.

14. While individual items of equipment may meet the equipment specifications, and in fact, meet the system specifications; when electrically associated with other equipment, the total system shall be designed and installed so that the installation, interfacing, integration, combining, and/or consolidation of equipment actually

Section 27 41 00 Page 11 employed does not produce any undesirable visual or aural effects such as signal distortions, noise pulses, glitches, audio or video hum bars, transients, ghosting, etc.

15. The Contractor shall produce verification, in writing to Architect at time of installation, that the type of wire/cable actually being provided is recommended and approved by the original equipment manufacturers and will provide a total system free of undesirable effects. The Contractor is responsible for the providing the correct protection cable duct and/or conduit and wiring even though the actual item installation may be by another subcontractor.

16. The Contractor is responsible for interfacing the systems with each required sub-system. The Contractor shall continually employ interfacing methods that are approved by the original equipment manufacturer and industry best practices. At a minimum, the acceptable interfacing method requires not only a physical and mechanical connection; but a matching of signal, voltage, and processing levels, with regard to signal quality and impedance.

17. Active electronic component equipment shall consist of solid state components and be rated for continuous duty service in the areas where provided.

18. All passive equipment and cables shall meet or exceed -80 dB radiation shielding specifications.

19. All signaling and communication circuits shall be solid state except for projection screen relays.

20. Each system shall utilize microprocessor components for all signaling and programming circuits and functions. Program memory shall be non-volatile or protected from erasure from power outages for a minimum of five minutes.

21. All voltages, except for the primary power to the power supply circuits, shall not exceed 70.7 VAC Root Mean Squared (RMS) or 100 V direct current (DC).

22. Color code all distribution wiring to conform to the respective system industry standard, TIA/EIA, and this document, which ever is the more stringent. At a minimum, all equipment, cable duct and/or conduit, enclosures, wiring, terminals, and cables shall be clearly and permanently labeled according to and using the provided as-installed drawings, to facilitate installation and maintenance. Reference Specification Sections 16127, CABLES

LOW VOLTAGE 600 VOLTS AND BELOW.

23. All equipment face plates utilized in the system shall be stainless steel, anodized aluminum, or ABS plastic for the areas where provided.

24. Noise filters and surge protectors shall be provided for the AV system including equipment racks and display devices to ensure protection from input primary AC power surges and noise glitches are not induced into low voltage data circuits.

2.2 LOUDSPEAKERS

2.3 AMPLIFIERS

2.4 AUDIO PROCESSORS

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2.5 WIRED MICROPHONES

2.6 ASSISTIVE LISTENING

2.7 VIDEO DISPLAYS

2.8 VIDEO DISTRIBUTION EQUIPMENT

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2.9 VIDEO WALL

2.10 USB BRIDGES

2.11 CAMERAS

2.12 USB SWITCHER

2.13 USB EXTENDER

2.14 CONTROL PROCESSORS

2.15 CONTROL PANELS

2.16 RACKS

2.17 TABLETOP BOXES

2.18 POWER DISTRIBUTION

2.19 WIRE AND CABLES

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Verify all conduits, back boxes and pathways.

B. Verify correct power requirements have been supplied based on equipment load and device requirements.

C. Verify video installation sightlines and possible obstructions.

3.2 PREPARATION

A. Coordinate with low voltage Electrical Contractor for required location of junction boxes, outlets, and conduit.

B. Carefully inspect areas where equipment will be installed. Notify the Architect of any conditions that would adversely affect the installation and subsequent operation of the system.

C. Coordinate with Architect for requirements for locations where AV equipment is mounted in millwork or cabinetry.

3.3 INSTALLATION

A. New Wiring: Install wiring in raceways except within consoles, cabinets, desks, and counters and except in accessible ceiling spaces and in gypsum-board partitions where cable wiring method may be used. Use plenum cable in environmental air spaces including plenum ceilings. Where possible for all audio cabling except microphone cables, microphone cables shall be installed in conduit. Conceal cables and raceways except in unfinished spaces.

Cable shall be installed continuous with no splices or cuts.

B. Install exposed cables parallel and perpendicular to surfaces or exposed structural members, and follow surface contours. Secure and support cables by straps, staples, or similar fittings so designed and installed to avoid damage to cables. Secure cable at intervals not exceeding 30 inches and not more than 6 inches from cabinets, boxes, or fittings.

C. Wiring within Enclosures: Bundle, lace, and train conductors to terminal points with no excess. Use lacing bars in cabinets and

Section 27 41 00 Page 14 racks.

D. Separation of Wires: Separate speaker-microphone, line-level, speaker-level, and power wiring runs. Install in separate raceways or, where exposed or in same enclosure, separate conductors at least 12 inches for speaker microphones and adjacent parallel power and telephone wiring.

E. Match input and output impedances and signal levels at signal interfaces. Provide matching networks where required.

F. Identification of Conductors and Cables: Color-code conductors and apply wire and cable marking tape to designate wires and cables so they identify media in coordination with system wiring diagrams.

G. Wall-Mounting Outlets: Flush mounted.

H. Weatherproof Equipment: For units that are mounted outdoors, in damp locations, or where exposed to weather, install consistent with requirements of weatherproof rating.

I. All terminations shall be installed per manufacturer’s specifications and recommendations

J. All audio circuits shall be two-wire circuits, with a separate grounding shield conductor, unless noted otherwise. All circuits shall have either the red or white wires as the "high" side of the line and connect to pin 2 of microphone-type XLR audio connectors and the tip of 3-conductor phone connectors. The black wire of the two-wire circuit shall be the "low" side of the line and connect to pin 3 of microphone connectors and the ring of 3-conductor phone connectors. The shield conductor shall connect to pin 1 of microphone connectors or to the sleeve of phone connectors. In the case of unbalanced lines, the low side shall connect to the shield connection.

K. Identify all audio and video wire and cable clearly with permanent labels wrapped about the full circumference within one

(1) inch of each connection. Indicate the number designated on the associated field or shop drawing or run sheet as applicable.

Assign wire or cable designations consistently throughout a given system. Each wire or cable shall carry the same labeled designation over its entire run, regardless of intermediate terminations.

L. Each conduit shall include a minimum of one spare cable or 10%, whichever is greater for each type of cable pulled including line-level, microphone-level, intercom, loudspeaker, control, video, and control system. Neatly bundle a minimum of 10-feet of cable at each end of each spare circuit. All spare circuits shall be labeled and noted on the AV Contractor's field drawings for inclusion into the record drawings.

M. Where the design location requires that products, materials, or equipment are visible to the public, no manufacturer's logos shall be visible. Unless otherwise directed, neatly remove or permanently paint out such logos.

N. GROUNDING

1. Ground cable shields and equipment to eliminate shock hazard and to minimize ground loops, common-mode returns, Section 27 41 00 Page 15 noise pickup, cross talk, and other impairments.

2. Signal Ground Terminal: Locate at all equipment display locations. Isolate from power system and equipment grounding.

3. Shields shall be connected at each end of each wire to the pin 1 of each XLR, shield connection for each electronic device, etc. No shield wires shall be left unconnected except where noted on the drawings, nor shall any shield come in contact with conduit, pullboxes, or other building steel. Audio line-level circuit shield wires shall be grounded to rack sheet metal only via rack-mounted equipment. Shields shall be electrically isolated in multiconductor cables. Shields for audio line-level circuits connected to audio transformers shall be connected to transformer electro-static shields and case ground. In the case of unbalanced audio lines the shield wire shall connect to the low side of the line (black wire).

4. Equipment rack ground shall be only via the insulated ground wire provided by the Electrical Contractor for technical system ground. Equipment racks shall be isolated from other ground paths such as building steel and from ground via conduit.

5. Each equipment rack within a row of racks shall be electrically bonded to each other using a minimum 1/4-inch diameter unfinished bolt and nut with star washers. Bolts shall fasten to each equipment rack unpainted sheet metal.

Each row of equipment racks shall be electrically bonded to adjacent row(s) via a No. 6 AWG insulated ground wire. This work shall be performed by the AV Contractor.

O. CIRCUIT ROUTING

1. All audio circuits shall be separated according to function; e.g. microphone circuits shall be separated from line-level circuits which are separated from video circuits which are separated from loudspeaker circuits. Where audio and video circuits are installed in conduit or other raceway, separate conduits are required for the various circuit functions.

2. Control and intercom circuits, and video circuits can be routed with line-level circuits, if separate conduit is not furnished for these circuits.

3. Where circuits are exposed in the equipment racks or large junction or pull boxes, the circuits shall be bundled according to function. Use plastic cable ties to bundle cables and provide as much separation as reasonable.

P. WIRE SPLICING

1. Audio and video circuits shall not be spliced except as shown on approved shop drawings.

2. All solder connections shall be made with soldering iron and rosin core solder. All solder connections shall be checked for "cold" solder joints by the AV Contractor.

3. All audio circuits terminating to screw-type connectors shall be installed with non-insulated brazed seam spade lugs of the proper size for wire and screw connection.

4. All crimped audio connections shall be installed with a Thomas & Betts WT111 M or Klien 1006 crimping tool with the notch opposite the barrel seam. All crimped video connections shall be installed with a ratchet style crimper

Section 27 41 00 Page 16 such as the West Penn TL-SNS (screw-on BNC connectors will not be accepted). Ensure crimper is sized for connectors and cabling that is being installed.

Q. LABELING AND PLACARD

1. All labeling of equipment shall be engraved plastic laminate plates or metal-photo plates.

2. All labeling of wiring within equipment racks, consoles, or other areas obscured from direct view shall be of adhesive backed strips comprised of numbers and letters as required.

Wire markers shall be near both ends of wire termination.

3. All labeling of exposed wiring, such as found at the rear of the mixing console shall be typewritten identifying each cable and covered with clear heat shrink tubing near the cable end.

4. Embossed plastic tape labeling, such as DYMO, shall not be acceptable.

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5. All equipment in equipment racks shall be labeled front and rear for ease of identification. Equipment shall be labeled as indicated within quotation marks shown on technical system drawings. Labels shall be of a contrasting color with that of equipment color to promote visibility.

6. Within each rack and at other remote locations for technical system equipment, label all associated AC power receptacles reflecting the appropriate circuit breaker.

Ensure that the circuit breakers are labeled as to the rack or remote equipment location.

7. At all connection points for all types of cable, pressure sensitive label strips of the appropriate letters and numbers shall be wrapped around each cable near its termination. Each label shall be of sufficient length that the written portion is covered with a transparent portion of the label or clear heat shrink of the appropriate size shall be utilized in order to protect the ink. The written portion shall be typed in sufficient quantity to allow viewing of the numbering from any angle. Hand written labels shall not be utilized.

8. Each rack mounted device shall be labeled with engraved labels as to room, type, and function. Each adjustment point on each rack mounted device shall be labeled with engraved label as to function.

9. In instances of multiple systems within a single equipment rack, care shall be taken to assure appropriate allowance for system growth. In addition, each system type shall have an engraved blank panel inserted in the top rack unit for the system describing the room and functionality of the system.

R. CABLING

1. Cable within equipment racks, and where service loops are indicated, shall be separated and routed in neat groups according to function: microphone circuits, intercom circuits, line level audio circuits, loudspeaker circuits, video circuits, control circuits, and 120 volt AC power circuits. Cable shall be neatly arranged, but tight bundling, which makes modifications difficult, shall be avoided. two sided hook and loop wrap ties shall be used for grouping of circuits.

2. Cable in conduit or other raceway — microphone circuits, intercom circuits, line level audio circuits, loudspeaker circuits, control circuits, video circuits shall be separated from any 120 volt AC power circuits.

3. Care shall be exercised in wiring so as not to damage cables and equipment. Circuits shall not be spliced.

4. Allow adequate slack for cable termination.

a. Wall outlets: 12 inches.

b. Systems furniture: as necessary to reach the farthest point on each desktop using the furniture raceways plus 12 inches at the jack location.

c. Telecommunications Spaces: as necessary to reach the most distant patch panel or punch-down block plus a length equal to 2 times the room height.

S. AUDIO INSTALLATION

Section 27 41 00 Page 18

1. Equipment:

a. All antennas shall be installed per manufacturer’s recommendations to allow for adequate signal transmission and without obstruction.

b. IR Emitter panels shall not be obstructed in order to provide line of site view for acceptable coverage of the designated area.

c. Protect during construction.

d. Loudspeakers shall be installed per the manufacturer’s recommendations and with no obstructions to the coverage area.

1) Mounting hardware shall be a minimum grade SAE

8 load rating and a safety factor of 5 times the supported weight.

2) Coordinate installation of loudspeakers with location of structure and other devices, including but not limited to ductwork, sprinklers, light fixtures, and fire alarm devices.

3) Coordinate loudspeaker finishes with architect prior to ordering. If painting of loudspeaker is required to match architectural finishes, paint per manufacturer’s recommendations.

4) Where back cans, in-wall loudspeaker back boxes or junction boxes are to be provided, coordinate installation and associated conduit with electrical contractor and other devices located within the wall or ceiling.

5) In-ceiling loudspeakers to be installed plum and level with the ceiling surface. Speaker is to be supported separately from ceiling grid with independent supports.

6) Pendant mount loudspeakers shall be installed so that cables are neatly dressed with pendant support cable. Coordinate support cable length with architectural ceiling elements and lighting fixtures.

7) Surface mounted loudspeaker installation to be coordinated with architectural plans and other wall mounted devices. Coordinate location of backing with general contractor prior to installation.

8) Ceiling flown loudspeakers shall be provided with the designated hardware as required by manufacturer to structurally support the weight of the speaker and allow aiming as indicated on the drawings. Installation shall be coordinated with ceiling elements and associated building infrastructure to allow for proper structural support and to avoid obstructions to provide acceptable audio coverage.

e. Amplifiers shall be installed per manufacturer’s recommendations.

Section 27 41 00 Page 19

1) For rack or desk mounting, provide all necessary hardware to properly support from the front and rear.

2) Install so that front and rear air vents are not blocked to ensure proper cooling.

3) Before connecting loudspeakers, check total impedance and ensure that it is within the allowable range for the amplifier output.

4) Total power for connected loudspeakers shall be below the rated power output for the connected channel.

f. Audio Processors shall be installed per manufacturer’s recommendations.

1) For rack mounting, provide all necessary hardware to properly support from the front and rear.

2) Provide proper ventilation of device and ensure that there are no obstructions to the unit.

3) Filter shall be clean when system is turned over to owner.

g. Wired Microphones:

1) Mounts shall be installed flush with surface.

2) Coordinate location and installation dimensions of ceiling microphones with architectural ceiling elements and lighting fixtures.

3) Coordinate location, installation and hole cut out for tabletop microphones with architectural and furniture plans.

4) Align microphone coverage pattern with intended speaker location(s) for proper pick up.

5) Install logic control connectors for microphone mute indicator lights.

h. Wireless Microphones:

1) Install antennas per manufacturer’s recommendations to allow for adequate signal transmission and without obstruction.

2) Set band limits to ensure that system(s) are operating within FCC regulations.

3) Set group and channel settings on each device accordingly.

4) Do not block ventilation openings and install receivers to allow for adequate ventilation.

i. Mixers:

1) Install so that ventilation slots are not obstructed and that there is adequate air movement around the equipment.

2) Coordinate location, dimensions and weight with architectural and furniture plans.

3) Coordinate rolltop enclosure dimensions with manufacturer to provide clearances for cabling.

2. Cabling:

a. Use plenum cable in environmental air spaces including plenum ceilings.

b. Install wiring in raceways where applicable. Audio cables shall be installed in separate raceways.

Section 27 41 00 Page 20

c. Exposed cables shall be installed parallel and perpendicular to surfaces or exposed structure and secured by Velcro straps. Secure at intervals not exceeding 30 inches.

d. Install cable sheathing on exposed cables from floor boxes.

e. Provide at a minimum, a 5’ slack loop on equipment end of cable.

f. Separate speaker-microphone, line-level, speaker-level and power wiring runs.

g. Match input and output impedances and signal levels at signal interfaces.

h. Provide power input cord for equipment.

i. Unless otherwise noted, all audio circuits shall be two wires with shield, with the red or white wire used for the "high" side of the line and connected to pin 2 of microphone connectors or to the "tip" of patch panel and other phone jacks. The black wire shall be used for the " low" side of the line and shall connect to pin 3 of microphone connectors or to the "ring" of phone jacks. The shield (drain) wire shall connect to pin 1 of microphone connectors or to the sleeve of phone jacks.

j. All audio circuits (red or white and black conductors) shall be ungrounded except as provided by single ended amplifier inputs and where grounding of unbalanced circuits is directed during system tests.

Shields for line level audio circuits shall be grounded to rack sheet metal at each cable termination. Where line level audio circuits connect to audio transformers, shields shall connect to transformer electrostatic shields and case grounds.

At each cable termination shield or shield drain, wire length shall be approximately equivalent to the length of the insulated conductors. Shield drain wires shall be sheathed in green PVC sleeving or clear Teflon sleeving sized appropriately for conductor gauge. Circuit shields shall not otherwise connect to each other nor ground to electrical conduit at wall boxes, etc. Microphone circuit shields shall be grounded only at mixer inputs.

k. Where resistors are indicated to terminate an audio circuit, install each resistor at the end of the line at the input to the following transformer or amplifier. High impedance circuits shall not extend more than 20 feet.

l. All wire joints and connections in the audio system shall be made with rosin core solder and a small soldering iron; or with approved mechanical connectors. Soldering shall be neat and shall not exhibit "cold" solder joints. Connections to screw type terminals shall be made with mechanically connected, un-insulated, spade type lugs selected for the particular wire size in use.

m. Connections made with miniature screw actuated, pressure type terminal strips shall be made by

Section 27 41 00 Page 21 stripping approximately 1/4-inch of insulation from stranded conductor, inserting the untinned wire into the pressure terminal, and tightening the terminal screw using a small screwdriver which securely fits the screw head.

n. All crimp type connectors, including non-insulated butt connectors for inline loudspeaker circuit connections, shall be crimped with an appropriate crimping tool. Spade tongue terminals shall be crimped with the notch on the barrel opposite the seam.

o. Loudspeakers shall be installed so that proper impedance matching shall be maintained between amplifiers and loudspeakers.

p. Tie-wrap and secure all loudspeaker line matching transformer leads and loudspeaker cable away from loudspeakers to prevent "rattling" when loudspeakers are energized.

3. Labeling:

a. Clearly identify audio cable with permanent labels within 12 inches of each connection.

b. Loudspeaker cable labels shall designate type and amplifier and channel/zone number.

c. Microphone and line-level cable labels shall designate type and number.

d. Provide labels on front and rear of equipment to match labeling as indicated on the submitted shop drawing.

e. Label wireless devices. Provide unique color identifier for each device.

4. General Labeling Requirements:

a. All labels shall be affixed with clear heat shrink covers.

b. Field labeling shall be consistent with submitted shop drawings and as-built drawings.

c. Labeling shall be consistent with system configuration device identifiers.

d. Cable numbering schematic shall match number as indicated on the submitted shop drawing.

e. All faceplates shall have engraved labeling to clearly identify input/output.

f. Audiovisual equipment requiring a network patch cable shall be labeled on each end with coordinating switch port and audiovisual equipment identifier.

T. PHYSICAL INSTALLATION

1. Equipment Racks:

a. Racks will be installed plumb and square without twists in the frames or variation in level between the racks.

b. Firmly secure all equipment in place unless requirements of portability dictate otherwise.

c. Install appropriate factory or custom rack mount adapters for all equipment installed in equipment rack, whether specifically itemized or not. Utility or one size fits all rack shelves shall not be

Section 27 41 00 Page 22 utilized unless specifically noted on the AV construction documents.

d. Install rear support for any equipment that exhibits mount stress or tilt caused by the depth or weight of the equipment.

e. The front of the rack will have the appropriate vented blanks and grills installed to fill in areas not used for equipment mounting.

f. Mounting hardware used in racks will be identical in color, size, and manufacturer as dictated by function, i.e. rack screws will be from the same manufacturer with identical fiber washers.

g. Vertical lacing bars shall be installed in all equipment racks in order to facilitate neat wiring and proper signal separation. Horizontal lacing bars shall be utilized in sufficient quantity to ensure that cables traveling horizontally do not sag, but not in such quantity to limit access for testing and maintenance.

2. Cabling Harness:

a. Any exposed cabling harnesses are to be concealed and neatly bundled in black expandable "Tech Flex" type harnessing sheath.