Attachment D - Basis of Design.pdf

BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY | Electron Ion Collider | Concept Design 100% Review Submittal

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. CONVENTIONAL FACILITIES OVERVIEW

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Project Goals

1.3 Project Description

1.4 The Design Process

1.5 Work Breakdown Structure

2. SITE / CIVIL

2.1 Design Criteria/Assumptions

2.2 Applicable Codes and Standards

2.3 Site Description

2.4 Access, Traffic, Parking

2.5 Geotechnical Survey

2.6 Topographical Survey

2.7 Existing Site Utilities

2.8 Existing Facilities

2.9 Preliminary Design

2.10 Jacked Ports Installation

3. ARCHITECTURE

3.1 Design Criteria/Assumptions

3.2 Applicable Codes and Standards

3.3 Architecture

3.4 Functional Program

3.5 Space Program

4. SUSTAINABLE DESIGN

4.1 Design Criteria/Assumptions

4.2 Sustainable Design Overview and Approach

4.3 Guiding Principles for Sustainability

4.4 Project Checklist

5. STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

5.1 Design Criteria/Assumptions

5.2 Vibration Criteria

5.3 Radiation Shielding Criteria

5.4 Geotechnical Criteria

5.5 Structural System

6. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING - HVAC SYSTEMS

6.1 Applicable Codes, Standards and References

6.2 Design Conditions

6.3 Systems Load Analysis

6.4 Airside Sizing Criteria

6.5 Waterside Sizing Criteria

6.6 Equipment Selection Criteria

6.7 Equipment Redundancy Criteria

6.8 Equipment Power Source Criteria

6.9 Layout and Maintenance Considerations

6.10 Vibration Isolation

6.11 Noise Control

6.12 Seismic Resiliency

6.13 Physical Security

6.14 Antiterrorism/Force Protection Measures

6.15 HVAC Systems

6.16 Mechanical Systems

6.17 HVAC Control Systems

6.18 Commissioning

7. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING - PLUMBING

7.1 Applicable Codes, Standards and References

7.2 Design Conditions

7.3 Sizing Criteria

7.4 Domestic Water

7.5 Foundation (Subsoil) Drainage

7.6 Sanitary Sewer

7.7 Grey / Black Water Reclamation

7.8 Storm Drainage

7.9 Clear Water Reclamation

7.10 Natural Gas

7.11 Diesel Fuel

7.12 Plumbing Fixtures

8. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING - PROCESS

8.1 Applicable Codes, Standards and References

8.2 Sizing Criteria

8.3 Equipment Redundancy Criteria

8.4 Compressed Air

8.5 Specialty Gas

8.6 Liquid Nitrogen

8.7 DI Process Cooling Water

8.8 DI Process Chilled Water

8.9 DI Water

9. FIRE PROTECTION

9.1 Applicable Codes, Standards and References

9.2 Design Conditions

9.3 Sizing Criteria

9.4 Fire Service Connection

9.5 Fire Sprinkler System

10. FIRE ALARM

10.1 Design Criteria/Assumptions

10.2 Applicable Codes and Standards

10.3 Preliminary Design

11. LOW VOLTAGE SYSTEMS

11.1 Security Systems

11.2 Telecommunications

12. ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

12.1 Design Criteria/Assumptions

12.2 Applicable Codes and Standards

12.3 Utilization Voltages

12.4 Site Utilities

12.5 Power Distribution

12.6 Grounding

12.7 ELF EMI and RFI Mitigation

12.8 Exterior Lighting

12.9 Interior Lighting

13. CODE ANALYSIS

13.1 General

13.2 Occupancy Classifications

13.3 General Building Height and Area

13.4 Construction

13.5 Interior Finishes

13.6 Means of Egress

13.7 Elevators

14. ROOM DATA SHEETS

15. ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES

15.1 M01 - Air Source Heat Rejection

15.2 M02 - Geothermal Heat Rejection

15.3 Siting Relative to Peconic River/Wetlands

15.4 Architectural/Structural

16. COST ESTIMATES

16.1 Piranha Cost Estimate

17. QUALITY ASSURANCE PLAN

17.1 Design Quality Control Plan (DQCP)

18. CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE

19. APPENDICES

19.1 Specifications for Horizontal Pipe Jacking

19.2 Mechanical Cooling Systems Analysis

19.3 Material Handling Equipment Loading

1.0 Conventional Facilities Overview

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1.0 Conventional Facilities Overview

1.1 Introduction

The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) conventional facilities will provide the buildings, utility systems and site infrastructure systems necessary to enable installation and operation of the particle accelerator, storage rings, and target instruments. The conventional facilities must be designed and constructed to enable the performance of the most advanced lepton-hadron collider ever built. Furthermore, the conventional facilities must be constructed on a schedule that enables installation of the accelerator systems in accordance with the overall project schedule.

1.2 Project Goals

The conventional facilities must meet the functional goals of creating a stable operating environment for sensitive equipment that is implemented utilizing conventional construction techniques. This section describes the scope and design considerations for the EIC conventional facilities. The anticipated construction costs and currently identified schedule requirements are described in the respective cost and schedule sections of this report.

1.3 Project Description

The EIC project leverages the accelerator tunnel and related existing buildings constructed for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) built in the late 1970’s. Hence, the primary EIC facilities are located adjacent to the existing Interaction Regions (IR), typically reinforced concrete structures, located at the 2 o’clock, 4 o’clock, 10 o’clock, and 12 o’clock positions. Smaller buildings, referred to as “Alcove” buildings, are located outside of the berm and tunnel profile at the 1 o’clock, 3 o’clock, 5 o’clock, 7 o’clock, 9 o’clock, and 11 o’clock positions and house power supplies serving magnet systems within the tunnel.

The two largest EIC buildings are located at the 2 o’clock and 10 o’clock locations. Building 1002 houses the electron injection linear accelerator (“Linac”), the electron “gun” and related laser equipment, as well as the Radio Frequency (RF) power supplies to Linac RF cavities. Its location has been dictated by the existing spur tunnel originally constructed to house a spectrometer, which provides an opening into the IR region concrete building at 2 o’clock. Similarly, building 1010 is located adjacent to the IR region at the 10 o’clock position and houses the significant quantity of RF equipment providing over 10 MW of energy to the RF cavities located within the existing IR building.

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A summary of buildings and gross floor area’s:

Building Designation Quantity Area Total Area

Alcove Buildings ALC-01, 03, 05, 11 4 2,330 9,320 Main Alcove Buildings ALC-07, 09 2 4,820 9,640 Cryogenic Plants 1002, 1006 B1002C, B1006C 2 4,320 8,640 Cryogenic Plant 1010 B1010C 1 4,910 4,910 Kicker Power Supplies B1004 1 4,480 4,480 Kicker Power Supplies B1012 1 10,630 10,630 Electron Source Building B1002 1 29,560 29,560 RF Building B1010 1 42,130 42,130

Total Gross Area 119,310

1.4 The Design Process

The design process for the EIC project has relied on a series of virtual meetings with a large community of project stakeholders in order to understand the operation of the EIC machine, develop structure, building, and room performance data, and to establish design criteria for infrastructure systems.

Kick-off Meeting - A kick-off meeting was held on 7 July 2020 to introduce members of the BNL and HDR core teams, describe the scientific purpose of the proposed lepton-hadron collider, discuss the project’s status within the DOE 413.3 process, and outline the proposed sequence of meetings for pursuing Conceptual Design. Communication protocols and the overall concept design process schedule were also reviewed.

“Immersion” Meeting - At the request of HDR, a preliminary “immersion” meeting was requested in advance of the first workshop, and organized to provide a more detailed briefing on the overall configuration of the EIC Conventional Facilities, identifying the key operational features of the thirteen buildings, and providing an overview of how those facilities are to interface with existing RHIC infrastructure.

Workshop No.1 - The primary objective of the first workshop was to identify project and programmatic requirements – primarily structural and architectural – on a building-by-building, – day period, resulting in the development of a revised set of floor plans for each building (updating the plans developed by BNL and dated May of 2019) and the creation of Room Data Sheets for each building.

Workshop No.2 - The second workshop focused on the review and modification of building plans developed subsequent to the first workshop, and engaged in more detailed discussions regarding civil and structural design – both as pertains to work around the existing arch plate tunnels and with regard to potential building systems for new buildings. The second day of this workshop

1-3 provided opportunities for more detailed discussion of Mechanical and Electrical systems, including a presentation regarding the viability of Geothermal cooling.

Interim MEP Workshop - Interim workshops were also conducted in response to the need to develop specific information regarding both the magnitude and location of process cooling loads, HVAC loads, and the related electrical services required to support both cooling and the requirements of the EIC machine-related power supplies.

Workshop No.3 - The third workshop was conducted to review BNL comments on the 60% complete design submission – in advance of submitting this package to Cost Estimating consultants for development of the pricing exercise.

1.5 Work Breakdown Structure

2.0 Site/Civil

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2.0 Site/Civil

2.1 Design Criteria/Assumptions

The fundamental design criteria for the EIC is to provide functional, conventional facilities that will support the systems and equipment that enable the operation of the Electron-Ion Collider. These site facilities must provide access for maintenance and replacement activities, supply the necessary utilities including but not necessarily limited to potable water/fire water; sanitary sewer;

chilled water; stormwater, steam and condensate; compressed air; electrical power; and, telephone/data. The facilities will include a network of roads and driveways in order to provide the ability to supply the necessary delivery of materials, facilitate the movement of staff or support vehicles, etc.

2.2 Applicable Codes and Standards

The latest edition of the codes, standards, orders, and guides referred to in this section will be followed.

DOE ORDERS

DOE O5480.4 - Environmental Protection, Safety and Health Protection Standards

DOE O414.1C - Quality Assurance

DOE O420.1B - Facility Safety

DOE Std 1066.99 - Fire Protection Design Criteria

CODES, STANDARDS, AND GUIDES

American Concrete Institute

American National Standards Institute

American Society for Testing Materials Standards

Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guideline (ADAAG)

ANSI A117.1 Accessible and Useable Buildings and Facilities

BNL Standards Based Management System Subject Areas

Building Code of New York State (NYSBC) - 2020 Edition

Energy Conservation Code of New York State - 2020 Edition

Fire Code of New York State - 2020 Edition

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Fuel Gas Code of New York State - 2020 Edition

Mechanical Code of New York State - 2020 Edition

National Electric Code

National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)

New York State and Suffolk County Department of Health Codes

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Property Maintenance Code of New York State - 2020 Edition

2.3 Site Description

The EIC project leverages the accelerator tunnel and related existing buildings constructed for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) built in the 1970’s. Hence, the primary EIC facilities are located adjacent to the existing Interaction Regions (IR), typically reinforced concrete structures, located at the 2 o’clock, 4 o’clock, 10 o’clock, and 12 o’clock positions. Smaller buildings, referred to as “Alcove” buildings, are located outside of the berm and tunnel profile at the 1 o’clock, 3 o’clock, 5 o’clock, 7 o’clock, 9 o’clock, and 11 o’clock positions and house power supplies serving magnet systems within the tunnel.

The two largest EIC buildings are located at the 2 o’clock and 10 o’clock locations. Building 1002 houses the electron injection linear accelerator (“linac”), the electron “gun” and related laser equipment, as well as the Radio Frequency (RF) power supplies to linac RF cavities. Its location has been dictated by the existing spur tunnel originally constructed to house a spectrometer, which provides an opening into the IR region concrete building at 2 o’clock. Similarly, building 1010 is located adjacent to the IR region at the 10 o’clock position and houses the significant quantity of RF equipment providing over 10 MW of energy to the RF cavities located within the existing IR building.

2.4 Access, Traffic, Parking

The main entrance to the facilities is from the existing ring road (Renaissance Road) that runs parallel with the existing EIC tunnel. No substantial increase in traffic levels are expected as most of the buildings are unmanned or are staffed at similar levels to current operations. Service vehicles as well as personnel vehicles will have access from the existing road network. Additional access road extensions and turn around locations will be added in proximity to buildings 1002 and 1010. With regular occupants by daily staff being limited to buildings 1002 and 1010 there are no significant requirements for parking lots adjacent to the EIC buildings. It is anticipated that two to three spaces may be provided at alcove buildings for service vehicles, three to four spaces at buildings 1004 and 1012, and six spaces at buildings 1002 and 1010.

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2.5 Geotechnical Survey

An on-site geotechnical investigation by GEI Consultants Inc. P.C. which included drilling of geotechnical investigation borings has been completed. The submission of analysis results and recommendations from the geotechnical engineer is provided in a document dated October 27, 2020. Refer to Structural Section for additional detail related to the geotechnical evaluation.

2.6 Topographical Survey

HDR utilized existing conditions mapping as provided by BNL that includes topography at a 2 foot contour interval, existing roads, existing buildings, vegetation and cover, as well as water course locations (i.e. Peconic River and associated wetlands). A supplemental portion of existing contour information was provided in the area near Building 1010 to fill in a perceived gap in the contours at that location. HDR compared the topography supplied with other GIS based sources including LIDAR that was obtained in 2014 and found that the contour information in both are consistent.

While the topography and related mapping is deemed sufficient for the current level of design, a more robust and detailed survey that is tied in with local FEMA datum references as well as New York State Plane Coordinate System will be necessary for later stages of the design development.

2.7 Existing Site Utilities

Information relative to existing site utilities has been obtained from as built record drawings as provided by BNL in AutoCAD format or in the form of a scanned copy in the case of plans entitled “Intersecting Storage Accelerator 400 GeV x 400 GeV Isabelle, Conventional Facilities, Narrow Angle Hall, Contract No. ISA-13-3-467000-13”, dated May 9, 1980.

2.8 Existing Facilities

The existing facilities are as described above in Sections 2.3 and 2.6.

2.9 Preliminary Design

Erosion and Sedimentation Control

Erosion and sedimentation control systems will be installed and utilized for the duration of the construction phase of the project. The estimated limit of disturbance (LOD) area is anticipated to be well above the threshold of one acre that would trigger the need for obtaining SPDES coverage and the related filing of a Notice of Intent (NOI). As such a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) that consists of an erosion and sediment control plan and Post-Construction Stormwater management including the design of related water quality and quantity controls/best management practices (BMPs) will be required. Silt fencing and stabilized construction entrances will be installed prior to the commencement of construction activities. Disturbed areas within the construction site will be stabilized as soon as practical and subsequently maintained with appropriate methods to minimize erosion of exposed earth. Temporary seeding, mulching, or crushed stone will be used to achieve stabilization where required. The primarily sandy soils do

2-4 not have a high probability of wind or hydraulic erosion, meaning that the erosion controls likely will be minimal and typical of local construction activities.

Grading

The site will be graded to provide positive drainage away from the buildings and ensure that stormwater runoff does not adversely affect surrounding sites. To the greatest extent possible, grading will follow the slopes indicated:

ITEM GRADIENT

Longitudinal grades of roadways with curb and gutter Min. 1.0%

Traverse grades of roadways with curb and gutter Min. 2.0%

Longitudinal grades of roadways without curb and gutter Min. 0.0%

Traverse grades of roadways without curb and gutter Min. 2.0%

Concrete pavement parking areas Min. 1.5% Max. 5.0%

Curb and Gutter/Valley Gutter Min. 1.5% Max. 5.0%

Bituminous pavement in parking areas Min. 1.5% Max. 5.0%

Handicap areas in parking areas Max. 2.0% (any direction)

Concrete sidewalks Min. 1.0% Max. 5.0%

Concrete landings Max. 2.0%

Paved Concrete Ditches Min. 0.25%

Unpaved Ditches Min. 2.0%

In addition, grading to provide earthen shielding will be necessary at two locations, one located at building 1002 and another in the area near building 1010 as noted on the plans.

BNL and the contractor will obtain the services of an independent soils laboratory to conduct in place compaction tests throughout construction.

Topsoil shall meet the requirements of NYSDOT Topsoil Section 713- 01. Topsoil shall be spread to a compacted depth of 4-inches in all disturbed earth areas.

Pavement Design

The construction standards shall conform with the New York State, Department of Transportation, and “Standard Specifications" (latest edition) Reference is made to the related Standard sheets for further details.

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All new road and surface parking lot pavements will be asphalt, concrete, or porous concrete.

Pavement in loading areas will be reinforced heavy duty concrete. The cross-sectional design of all traffic pavements will be based on the recommendations set forth in the geotechnical report.

The edge of all roads and select parking lots edges will be concrete curb and gutter. In select areas of parking lots, curbs will be eliminated both for value and for sheet flow of stormwater runoff into grassed areas.

Sidewalks in or adjacent to parking lots or loading areas will be standard duty concrete.

Aggregate base for pavements will be naturally or artificially graded mixture of crushed gravel or crushed stone. The base will be compacted between 95 and 100 percent.

The subgrade under pavements should be moisture conditioned between optimum and plus four percentage points above optimum moisture content and compacted to a minimum 95 percent of the maximum dry density in accordance with ASTM D 698 and the Geotechnical Report.

HOT MIX ASPHALTIC CONCRETE

Comply with mix design category per New York State, Department of Transportation, Standard Specifications, including latest updated versions.

Install layer of aggregate base (Type 2) compacted to 95 percent of maximum density in accordance NYSDOT.

Spread a prime coat uniformly on compacted aggregate base course at rate of 0.05 to 0.10 gallon per square yard in accordance with NYSDOT, if required by the Geotechnical Engineer.

Install an asphaltic base course (Type 1) to the thickness as determined by the geotechnical report and compact to 95 percent of maximum dry density in accordance with NYSDOT.

Install binder course (Type 3) to the thickness as determined by the geotechnical report and compact to 95 percent of maximum dry density in accordance with NYSDOT.

Install surface course (Type 6) to the thickness as determined by the geotechnical report and compact to 95 percent of maximum dry density in accordance with NYSDOT.

Line paint shall be non-reflective, white paint conforming to TT-P-115E.

2.10 Jacked Ports Installation

In order to access the interior of the tunnel to provide the necessary power feeds, wave guides, cooling ducts, etc. a series of jacked ports are proposed in various locations where shown on the plans. Since the tunnel consists of a steel arch plate buried in several feet of earth the process of uncovering portions for port access is delicate and must be done in a controlled balanced manner so as to not upset the balance of forces that maintain the tunnel in its current arch shape. A technique to overcome this which has proven successful is to horizontally drill alongside the tunnel and drive in up to a 26-inch diameter pipe until the far end of the pipe is next to the outer side of

2-6 the tunnel. From there work is done from the interior of the tunnel to attach to the pipe and complete the port installation. Refer to Figure 2-1 for a depiction of the process and Appendix

19.1 for the complete specifications. A summary of the jacked port locations is included in Table 2-1.

Figure 2-1 Typical Jacked Port Installation

Table 2-1 Jacked Ports Inventory

BUILDING ID NUMBER OF JACKED PORTS SIZE OF PORT

ALC-01 4 16"

ALC-03 4 16"

ALC-05 4 16"

ALC-07 4 16"

ALC-09 4 16"

ALC-11 4 16"

B1010 28 26"

CRYO-1002 1 14"

CRYO-1002 1 24"

CRYO-1006 1 14"

CRYO-1006 1 24"

CRYO-1010 1 14"

CRYO-1010 1 24"

3.0 Architecture

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3.0 Architecture

3.1 Design Criteria/Assumptions

The fundamental design criteria for the EIC conventional facilities is to provide functional, durable structures that will protect and support the systems and equipment that enable the operation of the Electron-Ion Collider. These buildings must provide protection from the elements, facilitate access for maintenance and replacement activities, supply stable environmental conditions in terms of temperature and Relative Humidity, and include appropriate shielding where radiation hazards exist.

With few continuously occupied spaces required, the majority of built spaces are anticipated to represent an industrial building type with only limited exceptions where dictated by frequent use by EIC personnel (control rooms, break rooms, the laser lab) or the specific requirements of certain technical equipment.

3.2 Applicable Codes and Standards

According to DOE Order 420.lC "Facility Safety”, construction of new facilities and significant modifications of existing facilities is required to meet the applicable parts of the latest edition of the International Building Code (IBC, 2018 edition). Additionally, in DOE-STD-1066 section 2.2.4 ''the use of applicable state, regional, and local building codes should be incorporated into the Code of Record, as directed by the AHJ." The latest New York State Uniform Fire Prevention and Building Code (collectively, the NYS Code Books) incorporates the latest edition of the International Code Council Codes (2018). The NYS Code Books were formulated by the State Fire Prevention and Building Code Council pursuant to Article 18 of the New York State Executive Law and published November 2019.

The rule adopted by the NYS Code Council on December 6, 2019 repeals the current version of the NYS Code Books and adopts an amended and updated version of the NYS Code Books. New York State set an effective date of May 12, 2020 for their enforcement of the NYS Code Books.

The amended and updated version of the NYS Code Books incorporates by reference the following publications:

2020 Building Code of New York State

2020 Existing Building Code of New York State

2020 Fire Code of New York State

2020 Fuel Gas Code of New York State

2020 Mechanical Code of New York State

2020 Plumbing Code of New York State

2020 Property Maintenance Code of New York State

2020 Residential Code of New York State

2018 NFPA 101 Life Safety Code

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3.3 Architecture

Building Envelope - The building envelope will be designed to meet heat transfer coefficients to meet the Energy Conservation Code of New York (ECCNY). Brookhaven National Laboratories are located in Climate Zone 4A of the ECCNY. Commercial buildings are required to comply with one of the following:

1. ASHRAE Compliance Path: The requirements of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1, as amended by 19 NYCRR Part 1240.

2. Prescriptive Compliance Path: The requirements of Sections C402 through C405 and C408 of the ECCNY. In addition, commercial buildings shall comply with Section C406 and tenant spaces shall comply with Section C406.1.1 of the ECCNY.

3. The requirements of Sections C402.5, C403.2, C403.3 through C403.3.2, C403.4 through C403.4.2.3, C403.5.5, C403.7, C403.8.1 through C403.8.4, C403.10.1 through C403.10.3, C403.11, C403.12, C404, C405, C407 and C408 of the ECCNY. The building energy cost must be equal to or less than 85 percent of the standard reference design building.

Presuming that the EIC project will pursue the Prescriptive Compliance Path, the following requirements would apply (partial list):

1. Roofs

Insulation above roof deck: R-30 continuous

Metal buildings: R-19 panels with R-11 liner system

Insulated attics: R-38

2. Walls Above Grade

Mass (concrete/concrete masonry): R-9.5 continuous

Metal buildings: R-13 panels with R-13 continuous

Metal framed: R-13 with R-7.5 continuous

3. Walls Below Grade

Below-grade wall: R-7.5

4. Slab-on-Grade Floors

Heated slabs: R-15 to 24 in. below grade at perimeter and R-5 across full slab

Building Occupancy and Construction Type - All buildings within the EIC complex will be planed as ‘B’ occupancy (Business) facilities. Utilizing non-combustible construction Type II-B, and assuming provision of automatic fire sprinklers throughout, two story buildings are unlimited in area as long as they are surrounded by yards not less than 60 ft. wide.

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Multiple construction types are under consideration for the EIC buildings, including:

Concrete slab-on-grade, steel structural frame for vertical and horizontal loads, insulated metal panel walls, concrete on metal deck for intermediate floors, metal deck with cover board, rigid insulation, and single ply roofing. Concrete masonry interior partitions.

Concrete slab-on-grade, concrete masonry perimeter bearing walls for vertical and horizontal loads, steel siding over rigid insulation on exterior walls, steel framing with concrete on metal deck for intermediate floors, steel roof framing with metal deck, cover board, rigid insulation, and single ply roofing. Concrete masonry interior partitions.

Concrete slab-on grade, steel or masonry construction up to plane of second floor where required, pre-engineered metal building for one-story buildings and for second floor of two-story buildings. Note that pre-engineered buildings will require a framing system bearing on the floor to support suspended cable tray systems where they occur. Concrete masonry interior partitions.

Parking - With regular occupants limited to buildings 1002 and 1010 there are no significant requirements for parking lots adjacent to the EIC buildings. It is anticipated that two to three spaces may be provided at alcove buildings for service vehicles, three to four spaces at buildings 1004 and 1012, and six spaces at buildings 1002 and 1010.

Noise Criteria - Two specific areas within the EIC project have been identified as requiring specific acoustical treatments. The cryogenic buildings are hearing protection areas with the compressors generating sound pressure levels above 85 dBA. With the understanding that operating procedures will dictate the use of double hearing protection, an industrial grade sound absorbing material will be specified for the interior surfaces of this building.

Additionally, D.I. water rooms are anticipated to produce significant sound pressure levels and will be planned to achieve NC-50 via the selection of sound absorbing materials once the specific characteristics of the planned equipment are understood.

Interior Characteristics - The EIC buildings are predominately equipment enclosures and as such will have interior spaces dominated by exposed structural elements with only limited spaces such as control rooms, the laser lab, break rooms, etc. having nominally commercial interior finishes such as vinyl composition floor tile, gypsum board walls, and acoustic tile ceilings.

3.4 Functional Program

Building requirements for the EIC conventional facilities can be generally characterized as follows;

“Alcove” buildings containing power supplies for multiple magnet systems installed in the existing tunnel, “Kicker” magnet power supply buildings located at the 4 o’clock and 12 o’clock locations, Cryogenic plants located at 2 o’clock, 6 o’clock, and 10 o’clock, and the buildings located at 2 o’clock – the Electron Injection Building 1002 – and at 10 o’clock – the RF Power building.

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Alcove Buildings - Alcove buildings are composed of the following elements:

Open area for installation of various power supply equipment

Controls electronics room for rack mounted equipment

Electrical equipment room for transformers and panelboards

Entrance vestibule with fire protection equipment valves

Roll-up door for equipment delivery and removal

Kicker Power Supply Buildings - Kicker buildings at 4 o’clock and 12 o’clock provide for:

Kicker magnet power supplies

Septum magnet power supplies

R.O./D.I. water system equipment room

Electrical equipment room for transformers and panelboards

Roll-up door for equipment delivery and removal

Cryogenic Plants - The three cryogenic plants consist of:

Large open “high-bay” area for Vacuum Compressors and Helium Compressors

Overhead crane for maintenance of compressors

Cold Compressor cold box

Motor control centers

Miscellaneous pumps and other supporting equipment

Separate climate controlled room for control electronics

Open space for equipment maintenance

Roll-up door adjacent to maintenance area

Outdoor vertical dewar (tank) 13,000 gallon capacity

Adjacent truck access for liquid Helium delivery

Outdoor space for related cooling tower(s)

Electron Injection Building - Planned components of the Electron Injection building include:

Septum magnet power supplies for magnets located in the adjacent IR area

R.O./D.I. water system equipment room

Radio Frequency (RF) power amplifiers for adjacent Linear Accelerator (Linac)

Service level above and equal in size to RF power area

Wave guide gallery

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New tunnel to accommodate multiple Linacs

Shielded room to accommodate two electron guns

Laser laboratory adjacent to gun room with pathway for cathode heating

Room adjacent to laser laboratory for laser cooling equipment

Vestibule adjacent to laser laboratory for gowning/PPE

“Cathode Factory” for fabrication of cathodes

Control room for operating personnel

Control electronics room for rack mounted equipment

Electrical equipment room for switchgear and panelboards

Receiving area with roll-up door

Breakroom for personnel assigned to this facility

Toilet room

Exterior yard areas for cooling tower(s)

RF Power Building - Program requirements for the RF Power building are as follows:

Large open floors for RF power supplies serving cryo-modules in the adjacent IR zone

Second floor coincident with RF power area for wave guides, circulators, dummy loads

Service corridor for compressors, panelboards, transformers, etc. (three)

R.O./D.I. water system equipment rooms (three)

Control room

Exterior yard areas for unit substations, cooling tower(s)

3.5 Space Program

Refer to Space Criteria Matrix in Section 14.

Occupancy Class

(IBC)

General Room Environment

Temp deg F (Summer)

Temp +/-deg F

Temp deg F (Winter)

Temp +/-deg F

Humidity %RH (Summer)

%RH +/-

Humidity %RH (Winter)

%RH +/-

Cleanroom Classification

Single Pass or Recirc

Environmental Controls Notes

Vibration Criteria

Noise Criteria

EMI/RFI Criteria

Material

Finish

Material

Finish

Material

Finish

Ceiling Height (ft)

Eye Wash or Safety Shower Required?

Floor Load (psf)

Suspended (ceiling) Load (psf)

General Exhaust (room exhaust)

General (Room) Exhaust Notes

Purge Exhaust (O2 depletion)

Fire Protection Hazard Classification

Fire Protection Type

Lab sinks

Eye Wash/Safety Shower (Tempered, Potable)

Potable (Domestic) Water

Floor Drains and Floor Sinks

Condensate Drain

Other Drain Requirements

CDA

(Clean Dry Air)

Other Water POC

Equipment Cooling Water

Lighting Level (footcandles)

Lighting Type

Switching Type

Special Fixtures Requirements

120V/208V Single Phase Power Notes

208V/120 (3 Phase)

480V (3 phase) ?

Stand-by Power

Stand-by Power Details

UPS Power (bldg system)

UPS Details

Special Ground?

Grounding Notes

Phone/Voice Required?

Phone/Voice Connections

Gas Detection Required?

Gas Detection Type

Network/Data Required?

Fire Detection Type

4.0 Sustainable Design

4-1

4.0 Sustainable Design

4.1 Design Criteria/Assumptions

All Federal projects are required to meet minimum requirements for high performance and sustainable facilities, where applicable. DOE’s policy is to integrate sustainable strategies and features into the design of all facilities and infrastructure projects. This project shall incorporate sustainable development strategies and features to the greatest extent possible, while maintaining consistency with mission, budget and client requirements. While satisfying these pragmatic requirements, the goals remain to minimize the energy consumption of facilities, conserve resources, minimize adverse effects to the environment, and improve occupant health and comfort. Sustainable projects will reduce the total cost of ownership using a whole building, life-cycle approach.

All buildings shall be designed in conformance with Executive Order 13834, Efficient Federal Operations and the Guiding Principles for Sustainable Federal Buildings as updated by the Council on Environmental Quality dated February 26, 2016.

4.2 Sustainable Design Overview and Approach

The project team has been using an integrated design process to define the sustainable design measures that will be included in the project. The intent of this process is to define the sustainable, life cycle cost effective (LCCE) design strategies that will allow the project to meet the sustainable, functional, economic, and aesthetic goals of BNL. This integrated approach considers comprehensive design solutions through a focus on whole buildings, the first priority in the Guiding Principles of High Performance and Sustainable Buildings (HPSB).

4.3 Guiding Principles for Sustainability

The primary goal of this project is to present BNL with high-performance buildings that serve the mission of the organization and meet budget requirements while also meeting high-performance indicators. These high performance indicators are achieved through the integrated and holistic design approach described above, and defined by these guiding principles:

Reduced Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Optimize Resource Efficiency

Reduced Operating Costs

Improve Indoor Air Quality

Increased Occupant Satisfaction

Increased Productivity

Enhanced Community Perception

Increased Market Demand/Building Value

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4.4 Project Checklist

The following checklist outlines each of the Guiding Principles requirements. Individual requirements are assessed using one of the following thresholds:

Fully Compliant - the requirement is in full compliance and is marked “Yes (Y).”

Partially Compliant - the requirement is compliant to the greatest degree possible, based on LCCE; mission restriction; location/regional restriction; or locale restriction, and is marked “Yes (Y-P)" with justification.

Not Yet Evaluated, are requirements that are in the process of or will be evaluated and marked “Not Yet Evaluated (N/E).”

Not Applicable - the requirement is not applicable, based on LCCE; mission exclusion;

location/regional exclusion; or locale exclusion, and is marked “Not Applicable (N/A)” with justification.

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HPSB Checklist Section Requirement Y Y-P N/E N/A Respon. Comments

I. Employ Integrated Design Principles

I-1 Employ Integrated Design Principles

Y Owner Architect

A collaborative process is ongoing. Project team will compile meeting notes, conceptual design report, and other documents related to integrated design practices

I-2 Commissioning Y Owner CxA

The commissioning requirement is included in the Basis of Design.

II. Optimize Energy Performance

II-3A Energy Efficiency N/E Owner

MEP

Architect

Conceptual MEP design will represent an improvement in energy efficiency over the ASHRAE 90.1 Standard baseline.

II-3B Energy Efficiency N/A Owner

MEP

Architect

II-3C Energy Efficiency Y Owner Design Team

ENERGY STAR / FEMP Products will be specified for the project.

II-4 Renewable and Clean Energy

N/E Owner Renewable energy LCCA will be evaluated.

II-5 Metering Y Owner

MEP

Building level meters and sub-meters for electricity, domestic water, and cooling tower make-up water and blowdown will be provided for the project.

II-6 Benchmarking Y Owner After post-construction occupancy, BSA/BNL should regularly monitor building energy performance in ENERGY STAR. Following the construction of the building, the project should be registered with ENERGY STAR Portfolio manager to report energy use.

III. Protect and Conserve Water

III-7 Indoor Water Use Y-P Owner

MEP

Architect

Water-efficient products will be specified and calculations to demonstrate compliance with ASHRAE 189.1-2014, section 6.3.2 completed.

Cooling tower optimization and single pass cooling will contribute to economizing the system along with airside equipment economizers.

III-8 Outdoor Water Use Y Owner Landscape

Outdoor water use, or irrigation, is not included in the project.

Building-level water meters will be provided for the project.

III-9 Alternative Water N/E Owner Alternative water LCCA will be evaluated in future phases. Indoor water usage is limited due to lack of occupied space. Purple Pipe rainwater will be explored for the outdoor cooling towers in future project phases.

III-10 Stormwater Management

Y Civil The extent of sitework is being evaluated for compliance with EISA section 438 for stormwater management

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IV. Enhance Indoor Environmental Quality

IV-11 Ventilation & Thermal Comfort

Y-P Owner Architect

a) ASHRAE 62.1-2007 will be followed for this project and ASHRAE Standard 55-2004 will possibly be followed for this project. This aspect may be challenging due to the lack of occupied spaces.

IV-12 Daylighting & Lighting Control

N/A Owner Design Team

Given the nature of these buildings, this aspect may not be achievable or necessary. However, daylighting availability and individual lighting controls will be evaluated in future project phases and all multi-occupant rooms will be evaluated in future project phases for occupancy sensors and dimmable lighting controls.

IV-13 Indoor Air Quality Y Owner Design Team Construction Team

Low-emitting materials will be specified for the project.

Indoor Air Quality Plans during construction are required to be implemented per the project specifications.

Smoking within 25 feet of the entrances and intakes should be prohibited.

Indoor moisture levels will be maintained at acceptable levels through building design and during construction.

IV-14 Occupant Health and Wellness

N/E Owner Design Team

This metric will be evaluated in future project phases, however the nature of these buildings may prohibit this aspect.

V. Reduce the Environmental Impacts of Materials

V-15 Material Content and Performance

Y Architect

MEP

Construction Team

Materials that are manufactured regionally and are made of recycled content and/or are bio-based will be specified for the project.

Green cleaning is under consideration for the project.

Ozone depleting compounds are being evaluated.

V-16 Materials Management Y Owner Design Team

The building is being evaluated for recycling services and space for a recycling dumpster in the design.

V-17 Waste Diversion Y Architect Construction Team

Diversion of demolition and construction waste is required for the project per the specifications.

VI. Assess and Consider Climate Change Risks

VI-18 Mission Criticality N/E Owner This assessment will be evaluated in future project phases.

VI-19 Floodplain Considerations

N/A Owner Design Team

Not a risk for this project.

VI-20 Facility Design N/E Owner This assessment will be evaluated.

VI-21 Facility Adaptation N/A Project Team This project is new construction.

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Guiding Principles Summary % of Guidelines # Status

47% 11 Yes, Meets Guidelines

9% 2 Yes - Partially Compliant (Y-P)

26% 6 Not Yet Evaluated (N/E)

18% 4 Not Applicable (N/A)

This Checklist is based on HDR’s analysis of the Guiding Principles requirements given the current proposed design and information provided by the owner. HDR will perform its services with the degree of skill and care normally exercised by similarly situated members of the profession performing similar services at the same time and in the same locale as the Project. Requirements may move from Yes to No to N/A throughout the design and construction process.

5.0 Structural Engineering

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5.0 Structural Engineering

The project structural scope consists of the addition of various building structures on the Brookhaven National Laboratory Campus adjacent to the existing tunnel ring to support the function and operation of the Electron-Ion Collider program.

In addition to code mandated structural loading, the buildings are to be designed to meet functional loading and serviceability requirements such as vibration mitigation and radiation shielding. The structures are to be designed utilizing the most cost efficient approach while maintaining ease of construction.

5.1 Design Criteria/Assumptions

Design Loads

Design loads presented below are consistent with 2020 BCNYS (IBC 2018), ASCE 7-16 and BNL defined criteria. For all applicable project codes and standards refer to Architecture Section.

1. Dead Loads

Roof Framing 10 psf Roofing/Insulation 5 psf Ceiling 5 psf Typical MEP Systems 10 psf Cable Tray/Rack Systems 40 psf

Floor Framing 12 psf 4½” N.W. Slab on 3” Deck 75 psf Leveling Concrete (1” to 1½” Avg.) 10 psf Ceiling 5 psf Typical MEP Systems 10 psf MEP Systems above Mech. Room 20 psf Cable Tray/Rack Systems 40 psf Partitions* included in live loads greater than 80 psf CMU Partitions 60 psf of wall surface

* Applies to gypsum board and stud partitions, or similar. CMU or concrete partitions will be evaluated separately.

Stair Framing 10 psf

Exterior Walls Metal Panel/Curtainwall 20 psf Masonry 75 psf

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2. Live Loads Roof (Minimum) 20 psf General Office Areas, Stairs 100 psf and Corridors Laboratory Areas 125 psf Mechanical Rooms 150 psf Mezzanine/Catwalk 40 psf

3. Snow Loads

Ground Snow Load (Pg) 20 psf Flat Roof Snow Load (Pf) 14 psf Exposure Factor (Ce) 1.0 Thermal Factor (Ct) 1.0 Roof Slope Factor (Cs) 1.0 Snow Drift Per ASCE 7-16 Chapter 7

4. Lateral Loads

a. Seismic Criteria

Site Class: D (Assumed) Occupancy (Risk) Category II Importance Factor (Ie) 1.00 Fa 1.6 Fv 2.4 Sms 0.28 Sm1 0.118

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Sds 0.190 Sd1 0.079 Ss 0.178 S1 0.049

Seismic Design Category B

b. Wind Criteria

Wind Speed (V) 127 mph Surface Roughness C Exposure Category C Risk Category II

5. Specialty Loads

Overhead Trolley Equipment Cranes 2 Ton Capacity (Cryo Buildings and B1002) Material Handling Equipment Refer to Appendix

6. Seismic Restraint of Non-Structural Components

Seismic restraint shall only be required to be provided for architectural components related to life safety (i.e. egress stairs, etc.) or containing hazards (i.e. flammable or toxic hazards) materials. All non-structural mechanical, electrical and plumbing (M/E/P) components are exempt from requirements of seismic restraint.

5.2 Vibration Criteria

Buildings which house functions for which there will be a concern of adverse impact to performance due to vibration transmission shall be analyzed, and design strategies incorporated into the facility’s construction so as to ensure against mitigation of vibration transmission thru the structure.

Depending on the vibration criteria level required, the structure’s design shall focus to either isolate vibrations at the source from possible disturbance by recipients (i.e. - sensitive equipment and occupants) or minimize transmissions to within the acceptable level.

As defined in AISC Design Guide 11 Second Edition, areas within facilities shall be designed to meet the following tolerance limits:

Workshops 32,000 mips Offices 16,000 mips General Laboratories 2,000 mips (VC-A) B1002 Laser and gun rooms 125 mips VC-E to NIST-A (additionally room shall be structurally isolated from adjacent areas)

All equipment with motors shall be specified to incorporate local isolators.

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5.3 Radiation Shielding Criteria

Shielding from radiation produced by protons/heavy ions at high energies shall be required at the tunnel structure and rooms which house the associated equipment. Per direction from Kin Yip (Brookhaven National Laboratory) via email correspondence dated July 23, 2020, shielding in the form of earth, concrete and/or steel shall be as follows for the tunnel berm:

Material Density (g/cm3) Density (pcf) Thickness (ft) Soil/earth 1.9 119 16 Normal-weight concrete 2.3 144 13.25 Heavy-weight concrete 3.9 244 7.83 Steel 7.8 487 3.92

The shielding required at the Building 1002 laser and gun rooms is currently anticipated to be comprised of 3’-0” thick normal-weight concrete walls and slabs.

5.4 Geotechnical Criteria

An on-site geotechnical investigation has been performed by GEI Consultants Inc. P.C. during a shutdown of operations at the facility. GEI has provided the following geotechnical recommendations within the email by Alexander Erb dated August 14, 2020 4:39pm and the report titled Geotechnical Report - Geotechnical Investigation Brookhaven National laboratory EIC Preliminary Design, Upton, New York dated October 27, 2020:

New structures may be supported on conventional shallow foundations designed with an allowable bearing capacity of 2 TSF bearing on a subgrade consisting of the outwash sand deposits or compacted structural fill placed over native layers. An estimated total settlement of the buildings will be 1 inch or less, with differential settlements in the order of ½ inch or less. Nearly all expected settlements should occur during construction.

Individual column footings should be a minimum of 3 feet wide. Wall footings should be a minimum of 2 feet wide. Exterior footings exposed to frost should bear at least 3.5 feet below finished exposed grade. Interior footings should bear at least 1.5 feet below finished floor slab elevation in heated spaces. Top of footing elevation should be at least 6 inches below the bottom of floor slab.

If additional stress and/or settlement from the new building onto the existing collider tunnel structure is of concern, a drilled helical pile or micropile deep foundation system is recommended to be utilized to mitigate the settlement of the proposed structure. The helical pile system design should follow manufacturer recommendations for axial capacity, corrosion (if necessary) and load testing. Micropile design should be based on an ultimate grout-to-soil bond strength of 100psi and receive their axial capacity from side resistance

5-5 only. The pile design should be for an estimated minimum allowable geotechnical capacity of 20 tons.

From the investigation, ground water is estimated to be at a depth of 15 to 25 feet below grade or between EL. 40.5 and 47 ft. It is currently not anticipated to be the need for dewatering during construction.

Site Class D for Stiff Soil.

Possible need for shoring will depend on height of the proposed retaining wall. If assumed to be 8-ft or lower, either drilled in HP Piles (with or without a concrete embedded toe) or Pipe Piles (filled with concrete or bedding sand) with timber lagging.

Retaining walls should be designed for the following parameters in the following table:

Parameter Value Total Unit Weight of Embankment 125 lb/ft3

Cohesion (c 0 psf

Angle of Internal Friction - 30o

At- 0.5 0.33

3.0 Allowable coefficient of friction between formed concrete footing and compacted clean gravel

0.45

Minimum factors of safety against overturning and sliding 2.0 (1.5 ignoring passive pressures)

Minimum factors of safety against overturning and sliding when earthquake loads are included.

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5.5 Structural System

The structures being considered for addition to the campus shall consist of one and two story buildings intended to house scientific functions along with office and amenity spaces. The buildings do not intend to include sub-grade levels due to the anticipated water-table nor does there appear to be a need for an enclosed penthouse to house mechanical equipment.

Additionally, a tunnel extension shall be incorporated between the existing tunnel and Building 1002.

Based on the geotechnical investigation and report recommendations, the anticipated foundations are currently assumed to be shallow spread and strip footings with the possibility of a deep foundation system such as piles for structures housing sensitive equipment if deemed necessary.

In locations where new construction recognizes differential earth pressure due to unbalanced soil conditions within proximity to the tunnel’s berm, cast-in-place concrete cantilevered type retaining walls shall be incorporated. To maintain stability of the existing tunnel structure during construction of the adjacent new construction, temporary shoring will be utilized where adequate distance to provide a layback does not exist.

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The first floor is proposed to consist of a slab on grade over vapor retarder supported on porous fill. For lightly loaded areas the slab will be approximately 6” thick with welded-wire fabric reinforcement for temperature and shrinkage control. In areas which are intended to support heavy equipment loading and/or motorized wheel traffic for material/equipment handling a minimum 8” thick slab with a layer of reinforcing bars is anticipated.

Typical elevated floors shall consist of a concrete slab on composite metal deck supported by steel beams acting compositely with the slab thru the use of shear studs. Specialized areas such as the laser and gun rooms for which equipment which is either sensitive to vibrations or requires radiation shielding will reside will be constructed as cast-in-place concrete separated from the surrounding structures by means of an isolation joint between structures.

A variety of structural systems are being investigated for use in the one and two story building superstructures to be located around the campus ring. The systems include:

Steel Framing with Metal Deck.

Masonry Bearing Walls with Steel Joists supporting Metal…