Attachment_5_-_Superintendent_s_Compendium_2018_-_5288021.pdf

National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior

Superintendent’s Compendium Of Designations, Closures, Permit Requirements and Other Restrictions Imposed Under Discretionary Authority.

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P.O. Box 128 64 Grinnell Drive West Glacier, MT 59936

406-888-7800 phone 406-888-7868 fax

In accordance with regulations and the delegated authority provided in Title 36, Code of Federal Regulations (36 CFR), Chapter I, Parts I through 7, authorized by Title 16 United States Code, Section 3, the following provisions apply to all lands and waters administered by the National Park Service, within the boundaries of Glacier National Park. Unless otherwise stated, these regulatory provisions apply in addition to the requirements contained in Parts 1-7 of Title 36 CFR.

Written determinations, which explain the reasoning behind the Superintendent’s use of discretionary authority, as required by Section 1.5(c), appear in this document identified by italicized print.

Please send any written comments to:

Superintendent Glacier National Park P.O. Box 128 West Glacier, MT 59936 Attn: Chief Ranger

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2018 GLAC Superintendent’s Compendium of Closures and Use Restrictions Page 2 of 62

SECTION 1.4 DEFINITIONS

Bear Spray – also known as bear deterrent or bear repellent. Bear spray is a chemical formula designed specifically to deter aggressive or attacking bears. It must be registered with the Environmental Protection

Agency and individual states. It must be commercially manufactured and labeled as “Bear Spray”. Bear spray must contain between 1% to 2% of the active ingredients capsaicin and related capsaicinoids.

Electronic Personal Assistive Mobility Device (EPAMD) - Also known as a Segway, is a device that has two non-tandem wheels, is self-balancing, and is designed to transport only one person with an electric propulsion system that limits the maximum speed of the device to 12-1/2 miles an hour. It is defined as a motor vehicle in 36 CFR 1.4.

Personal Wood Fuel Camp Stove – a light-weight self-contained camp stove used by ultra-light hikers for food preparation with a combustion area of two (2) quarts or less. Collected wood should be finger-sized or smaller. Ash should be dispersed 100 feet from the camping area or dumped in a designated fire-pit where available.

Service Animals - As defined in 28 CFR 36.104: “Service animal means any dog that is individually trained to do work or perform tasks for the benefit of an individual with a disability, including a physical, sensory, psychiatric, intellectual, or other mental disability. Other species of animals, whether wild or domestic, trained or untrained, are not service animals for the purposes of this definition. The work or tasks performed by a service animal must be directly related to the individual's disability. Examples of work or tasks include, but are not limited to, assisting individuals who are blind or have low vision with navigation and other tasks, alerting individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing to the presence of people or sounds, providing non-violent protection or rescue work, pulling a wheelchair, assisting an individual during a seizure, alerting individuals to the presence of allergens, retrieving items such as medicine or the telephone, providing physical support and assistance with balance and stability to individuals with mobility disabilities, and helping persons with psychiatric and neurological disabilities by preventing or interrupting impulsive or destructive behaviors. The crime deterrent effects of an animal's presence and the provision of emotional support, well-being, comfort, or companionship do not constitute work or tasks for the purposes of this definition.”

SECTION 1.5 CLOSURES AND PUBLIC USE LIMITS

(a)(1) Closure and Public Use Limits, visiting hours, public use limits, closures:

i) Roads:

A) From June 15 through Labor Day, the following sections of the Going-to-the-Sun Road are closed to bicycle use between 11:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m.

1) From the Apgar turnoff at the south end of Lake McDonald to Sprague Creek

Campground.

2) Eastbound from Logan Creek to Logan Pass.

The superintendent established this public use limit to protect public safety. The restrictions incorporate peak traffic use. Without road shoulders to safely pass, bicycle use may cause congestion and unsafe driving conditions.

2018 GLAC Superintendent’s Compendium of Closures and Use Restrictions Page 3 of 62

B) Roads closed to motor vehicles may have limits placed on non-motorized visitor use at any time, location, or season for reasons consistent with Section 1.5(a). Unless posted, acceptable visitor use of closed roads includes foot traffic, bicycles, rollerblades, skateboards and similar wheeled devices, as well as skiing and snowshoeing. (Refer to

2.16(c) for stock use).

The superintendent has established this public use limit for public safety reasons.

C) The Flathead Ranger Station Road is closed to motor vehicle traffic beyond the junction of the Apgar Lookout Trailhead Road. Bicycles are permitted on the portion of the roadway that is closed to motor vehicle traffic unless otherwise posted.

The superintendent has established this public use limit for public safety. This section is now a one lane gravel track which has historically allowed bicycle traffic to the Ranger

Station site.

D) The Grist Road is closed to motor vehicle traffic between Sherwood Lodge and the Fish

Creek Road. Bicycles are permitted on the portion of the abandoned roadbed that is closed to motor vehicle traffic unless otherwise posted.

The superintendent has established this public use limit for public safety. This section of the Grist Road is a one lane, gravel road with no appropriate place to turn around or pass an oncoming motor vehicle.

E) All roads in the park except the Going-to-the-Sun Road from West Glacier to the Lake

McDonald Lodge turnoff will be closed seasonally by snow.

The superintendent has established this public use limit for public safety. These roads are not designed for winter travel and are wildlife corridors, have avalanche danger and various other public safety issues.

ii) Trails, Campgrounds and Areas:

A) The use of any type of non-motorized wheeled conveyance (i.e. canoe dolly, cart, etc.)

anywhere in the backcountry is prohibited. Wheelchairs as defined in the Americans with

Disabilities Act (ADA) may be used by persons with disabilities.

The superintendent has established this public use limit to protect wilderness character and to remain in compliance with the Wilderness Act Section 4 (c).

B) All entry into the public water intake system located at Logan Pass is prohibited.

The superintendent has established this public use limit to protect natural resources and public health. The water at Logan Pass is limited surface water and is collected and treated in the water intake system. It may be dangerous for the public to access the water intake system and tampering with the water could cause unnecessary disposal due to unsanitary conditions.

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C) Unauthorized entry into the Sperry Chalet dormitory area is prohibited. This area is defined as that bounded by the Gunsight Pass Trail to the north and northwest, the dining room to the southwest, and the steeper slope to the southeast and east.

The superintendent has established this public use limit to protect cultural resources and public safety.

iii) Wildlife Protection:

A) The use of elk bugles, varmint calls, audio attractants, or other artificial or natural means of attracting or disturbing wildlife (including rattling antlers, verbal bugling imitations, or wolf howling imitations) is prohibited (unless specifically approved by the

Superintendent).

The superintendent has determined that the prohibition for the use of such devices or related behavior is needed for the protection of wildlife from unnecessary harassment and stress.

B) All vessel use is prohibited on Upper McDonald Creek, from the motor vehicle bridge across the McDonald Creek inlet at the head of Lake McDonald up-stream to the Mineral Creek confluence, from April 1 to September 30.

The superintendent has established this public use limit to protect the harlequin duck.

Upper McDonald Creek contains one of the densest populations of harlequin duck breeding pairs in the area. Harlequin ducks will abandon their riverside nests if they are exposed to too much human interaction causing a decrease in population.

C) The following temporary restrictions will be instituted:

1) The Lake McDonald bald eagle closure will begin with the onset of nesting activity by the resident bald eagle pair (usually early March). The closure will remain in place until May 15, unless nest failure is detected. Vessels are prohibited north of Kelly Camp and Sprague Creek (approximately the upper third of the lake. Additionally, pedestrian traffic is prohibited along both banks of Upper McDonald Creek downstream of the motor vehicle bridge to the lake inlet, and along the shore from the inlet to points designated southeast of

McDonald Ranger Station and just north of the McDonald Lodge Complex.

2) The St. Mary Lake bald eagle closure will begin with the onset of nesting activity by the resident bald eagle pair (usually early April). The closure will remain in place until the chicks reach four weeks in age, as determined by biological technicians (usually mid-June), or nest failure is detected. Vessels east of the Rising Sun boat launch and pedestrian traffic along the south shoreline of St Mary Lake between the Red Eagle trail and the St Mary Lake trail are prohibited.

The superintendent has established this public use restriction to protect the bald eagle which is defined by the Bald Eagle Operational Plan and Habitat Management

Guidelines. Bald eagles are especially sensitive to human exposure during courtship, nest building, and incubation. If bald eagles are distracted by humans during any of these phases, the population could decrease placing them back onto the endangered

2018 GLAC Superintendent’s Compendium of Closures and Use Restrictions Page 5 of 62 species list.

D) The following two off trail areas of the park may be temporarily closed to public travel based upon staff recommendation:

1) Mt. Altyn/Mt. Henkel Bear Management Area which is defined as all areas above the Iceberg/Ptarmigan trail east of Ptarmigan Falls, above the Many

Glacier Hotel access trail between the Iceberg/Ptarmigan trail and the Hotel T, and above the Many Glacier Road east of the Hotel T and Appekuny Creek to the Mt. Altyn/Mt. Henkel ridgeline.

The superintendent has established these closures for the protection of seasonal habitat for congregating bighorn sheep, mountain goats, and grizzly bears. This area has a high concentration of people and human interaction can displace these animals from important foraging habitat, cause habituation, and has a high possibility of potential food conditioning causing human safety issues.

2) The Apgar Mountains with the exception of the Apgar Lookout Trail and

Flathead Ranger Station Road.

The superintendent has established this closure for the protection of seasonal habitat for congregating grizzly bears. Human-bear interactions can disturb bears from critical huckleberry foraging that is necessary to gain weight for winter survival.

E) The following areas are closed to off-trail travel from December 1 to May 15.

1) In the North Fork area, the outer boundaries of the closures are defined as:

i) From the normal high water mark at the Camas Road Bridge over the

North Fork River, then north along the normal high water mark along the North Fork River to Logging Creek, then east along Logging Creek to the inside North Fork Road, then south along the Inside North Fork

Road to Dutch Creek, then south to the Camas Road at the pullout at

UTM 714880E, 5389944N, then west along the Camas Road back to the Camas Road Bridge over the North Fork River. The Camas Road and Inside North Fork Road are not affected by this closure. The North

Fork River is not affected by this closure. The Logging Creek Ford trail from the North Fork River to the Logging Ranger Station is not affected by this closure.

2) In the Lake McDonald area, the outer boundaries of the closures are defined as:

i) In the Belton Hills, from the South Boundary Trail at the Old Belton

Bridge then north to UTM 281927E, 5378827N, then east along the

5600 feet contour line as shown on the USGS 1:24000 topographical map to UTM 285804E, 5376704N, then south to the junction of the

Lincoln Creek Trail and the South Boundary Trail, then west along the

South Boundary Trail to the Old Belton Bridge. The South Boundary

Trail will remain open during this closure, but no off-trail travel is permitted.

ii) In the Apgar Mountains, from UTM 708544E, 5387752N, then east to

2018 GLAC Superintendent’s Compendium of Closures and Use Restrictions Page 6 of 62

UTM 709473E, 5387591N, then southeast to UTM 710188E, 5387193N, then south to UTM 713696E, 5383463N, then west to

UTM 712126E, 5382604N, then along the normal high water mark on the east side of the North Fork River, back to UTM 708544E, 5387752N. The North Fork River is not affected by this closure.

3) In the St. Mary area, the closures are defined as:

i) In the St. Mary area starting at the St. Mary Lake outlet at the St. Mary

River (UTM zone 12N, Nad83: 320042E, 5402360N), south of the

Going-To-The-Sun-Road through the St. Mary River to the Going-To-

The-Sun Road bridge (UTM 320380E, 5402460N), continuing south and west of the Going-To-The-Sun Road to the Red Eagle Road junction (UTM 320980E, 5402005N), continuing west of Red Eagle

Road to the Red Eagle trailhead parking area (UTM 320766E, 5401240N), north of the boundary created from the Red Eagle trailhead parking area and the southwest point on the St. Mary Lake shore (UTM 320220E, 5401255N), and includes the area east of the northeast shore of St. Mary Lake. The Going-To-The-Sun Road, St.

Mary Visitor Center, and Red Eagle Road are not affected by this closure.

ii) In the Two Dog Flats area, starting north of the Going-To-The-Sun

Road near the north shore of St. Mary Lake (UTM zone 12N, Nad83

316740E, 5398120N) and continuing north to the 5,000’ elevation

(UTM 316665E, 5399220N). The closure is east of the boundary created from the previous two points as well as south of the 5000’ elevation contour and north of the Going-To-The-Sun Road. The northern boundary point (UTM 319240E, 5402980N) and the eastern boundary point (UTM 320000E, 5402400N) create the northeastern boundary of this closure. The Going-To-The-Sun Road is not affected by this closure.

4) Refer to the map section at the end of this chapter.

The superintendent has established these closures for the protection of ungulates in winter ranges. Research shows that human disturbance can adversely impact and stress wintering ungulate populations when they are at their poorest physical condition. By closing these areas, this policy will align with state closures from the Montana

Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks.

F) The following activities are prohibited:

1) Willfully approaching, remaining, viewing, or engaging in any activity within

100 yards of bears or wolves, or within 25 yards of any other wildlife including nesting birds; or within any distance that disturbs, displaces, or otherwise interferes with the free unimpeded movement of wildlife, or creates or contributes to a potentially hazardous condition or situation.

2) Failure to remove oneself to prescribed distances during inadvertent, accidental, casual or surprise encounters with wildlife.

3) Failure to comply as directed by NPS staff (employees, volunteers, or agents) engaged in administering wildlife management operations or managing wildlife viewing opportunities.

4) The prohibitions in this paragraph do not apply to persons who are in

2018 GLAC Superintendent’s Compendium of Closures and Use Restrictions Page 7 of 62 compliance with written protocol approved by the Superintendent in accordance with the terms and conditions of a permit from the Superintendent, or park personnel acting within the scope of approved management activities.

The superintendent has established these public use limits and regulations for public safety and the protection of wildlife. These restrictions also provide park staff with the flexibility to manage dynamic wildlife situations.

iv) Motorboats and Motor Vessels:

A) All motor vessels are prohibited on Lower McDonald Creek from the Lake McDonald outlet to the Quarter Circle Bridge.

The superintendent has established this public use limitation to protect wildlife, wilderness character, and human safety. This section of water contains habitat for species of concern such as beaver and water fowl that can be disrupted by noise from motorized vessels. The creek can be non-navigable at low water levels and due to the motor closure on the Middle Fork of the Flathead River by USFS (United States Forest

Service), there is no need to take a motorized vessel on this section of the creek.

B) All vessels are prohibited on all park waters between November 1 and May 11. Vessels are permitted on park waters on the west side of the continental divide starting May 12.

Vessels are permitted on park waters on the east side of the continental divide starting

June 1. The only exceptions to this restriction are for vessels operated by authorized concessioners and those permitted for administrative use.

The superintendent has established this public use limitation to protect wildlife, ecosystem integrity and wilderness character.

C) Gas-powered vessels are permitted to be launched only on Lake McDonald, subject to restrictions in subsection B above. The only exceptions to launching on other waters are for vessels operated by authorized concessioners and those permitted for administrative use. Gas-powered vessels operated by visitors will be sealed to their trailers or other objects that render them unusable and subject to a 30-day quarantine prior to launching.

Glacier National Park and State of Montana inspection seals will be honored pending verification of quarantine.

D) Electric motor-powered vessels of 10 hp or less, which do not exchange water with the environment are permitted on Bowman Lake, Lake McDonald, Sherburne Reservoir, Two Medicine Lake, and Saint Mary Lake subject to restrictions in subsections A and B above.

E) Non-motorized watercraft (e.g., canoes, paddleboards, kayaks, rowboats, rafts, catarafts, sailboats, etc.) are permitted on all waters following mandatory NPS inspection and

2018 GLAC Superintendent’s Compendium of Closures and Use Restrictions Page 8 of 62 permitting as well and subject to restrictions listed above. Non-motorized watercraft launching on the North Fork of the Flathead River outside of the park are not subject to inspection or permitting.

E) Trailers are permitted to enter park waters after inspection and 30 day quarantine.

v) Area Closures:

A) The following areas are closed, as posted, to ALL public use and entry:

1) The "Jones Flat" area at Oberlin Bend on the Going-to-the-Sun Road, extending from the Highline Trailhead at Logan Pass to the Rimrock area, bounded by the Highline Trail and the inside radius of Going-to-the-Sun

Road. The Highline Trail is not included within this closure. Refer to map section at end of chapter.

2) The Oberlin Bend area on the Going-to-the-Sun Road, extending from

Oberlin Peak climbers access trail at Logan Pass to the Rimrock area, bounded by the outside radius of the Going-to-the-Sun Road, the northern perimeter of the Oberlin Peak climbers access route, and the base of Oberlin

Peak. The Oberlin Peak climbing route is not located within this closure.

Refer to map section at end of chapter.

3) The Mount Pollock area at Logan Pass, extending from the Highline

Trailhead to the GPS coordinate 48º41’49.01” N 113º42’43.48”W, bounded by the Highline Trail, Going-to-the-Sun Road, and cliff base of Mount

Pollock. The Highline Trail is not included within this closure. Refer to map section at end of chapter.

The superintendent has established these area closures for the protection of revegetation projects and existing resident vegetation species.

B) The following areas are closed, as posted, to ALL OFF-TRAIL TRAVEL:

1) The Logan Pass area, which consists of all areas within the following exterior boundaries: Oberlin Peak climber trail, from the trailhead, to Oberlin Peak;

Oberlin Peak to Clements Peak; Clements Peak, along Clements Ridge, to the first switchback on the Hidden Lake Trail; first switch back on the

Hidden Lake Trail, along the first bench above Hidden Lake, to Reynolds

Pass; Reynolds Pass, along the southern edge of the Hanging Garden area, to the cliff wall above the Reynolds Creek valley; and bound by the remainder of the cliff wall, above Reynolds Creek valley, and Going-to-the-Sun Road.

2) Refer to map section at end of chapter. Exceptions:

i) The following trails are not included in this closure: Logan Pass

Visitor Center walkways, Hidden Lake Trail, Oberlin Peak climber route, Clements Peak climber route and Reynolds Peak climber route.

ii) Over snow travel is not included in this closure, so long as travel is

NOT conducted over bare ground, rock, or vegetation and all travel is on

2018 GLAC Superintendent’s Compendium of Closures and Use Restrictions Page 9 of 62 contiguous snowpack immediately accessible from established trail corridors [see 36 CFR 1.5 (a)(1)(iii)(H) for wildlife distance requirements].

iii) Administrative functions and special use or research permitted activities are not included in this closure.

3) The Big Bend Area, which consists of all areas north and east of the Going to the Sun Road adjacent to the paved Big Bend pullouts and extending 100 yards uphill towards the Highline Trail.

The superintendent has established these area closures for the protection of revegetation projects, existing resident vegetation species, and seasonal habitat for congregating bighorn sheep and mountain goats.

(a)(2) The following conditions and restrictions are established for specific uses and activities:

i) Entering closed areas for research or interpretive activities:

A) Areas closed to the general public may be entered by persons or groups only if led or directed by authorized park employees, as approved by the Chief of Visitor and Resource

Protection or his/her representative if such use does not compromise safety, environmental, scenic, natural and cultural values.

The superintendent has determined that research and interpretation are appropriate uses of

National park Service areas and this activity should be allowed in accordance with a permit setting forth the activities.

ii) Unmanned aircraft

A) Launching, landing or operating an unmanned aircraft from or on lands and waters administered by the National Park Service within the boundaries of Glacier

National Park is prohibited except if approved in writing by the superintendent.

The superintendent has established this public use limit for public safety, protection of environmental and scenic values, and protection of natural resources. These motorized vehicles also create unnecessary noise pollution and the potential of uncontrollable maneuvering may mean disruptions to wildlife, visitor recreation use, or driving a vehicle safely.

SECTION 1.6 PERMITS

(a) Motorboats and Non-motorized Watercraft:

A) A permit is required to launch all watercraft. Prior to entering the water, all vessels and trailers must be inspected for Aquatic Invasive Species (AIS) by a trained NPS employee and certified free of AIS prior to issuing a permit. Information provided on permits must be complete and accurate. Infested vessels and trailers may be quarantined for 30 days and re-inspected.

Vessels on Waterton Lake must comply with all launch requirements set by Waterton

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Lakes National Park, Canada. Vessels on Lower Two Medicine Lake must comply with all launch requirements set by the Blackfeet Tribe.

The superintendent has established this public use limit for the protection of natural resources. Impacts from Aquatic Invasive Species (AIS) such as zebra and quagga mussels affect ecosystems, recreation, and economics. AIS are generally permanent and

Glacier National Park is at risk of colonization because of the popularity to boating in its waters. Requiring an inspection for AIS decreases the possibility of introducing a colony.

B) Vessels equipped with areas that cannot be visually inspected are prohibited on all park waters.

The superintendent established this restriction for the protection of natural resources.

Internal compartments and components capable of holding water pose an elevated risk of accidental transport and introduction of Aquatic Invasive Species because they are less likely to completely dry out. In addition, Glacier National Park requires an inspection of the vessel to make sure it is clean, drained and dry which is not possible with sealed tanks.

(b) Caves:

A) A permit is required for all cave use in Glacier National Park. One permit will cover a group with the maximum group size of 6 permitted on any one trip. Entering shall be defined as beyond the mouth of the cave.

The superintendent has established this public use limit for the protection of natural resources. White-Nose Syndrome is becoming more prevalent throughout caves impacting bat populations and a more vigorous permitting system will increase proactive education to visitors on how to recreate in caves without impacting resources or spreading disease. See the Federal Cave Resources Protection Act of 1988 for more information.

(c) Service Animals

A) A permit is required for service animals traveling in the backcountry or on roads that are closed to the public for motorized use. A service animal permit is not required when visiting developed areas or boardwalks.

B) Service animals are not allowed in backcountry areas, on trails, or roads that are posted

“bear or mountain lion frequenting” or areas closed by the superintendent to the public to protect park resources.

C) Violation of these conditions is prohibited.

The superintendent has established this regulation to protect wildlife, natural resources, and for public safety. Because a service animal has been approved to assist a disabled person, service animals are allowed in the backcountry with the appropriate documentation. All other domestic animals are considered pets. The superintendent has restricted use of service animals when bear or mountain lion are frequenting an area for the safety of the service

2018 GLAC Superintendent’s Compendium of Closures and Use Restrictions Page 11 of 62 animal, owner, and the wildlife.

SECTION 2.1 PRESERVATION OF NATURAL, CULTURAL AND ARCHEOLOGICAL

RESOURCES

(a)(4) It is unlawful to gather or cut firewood except in the following areas:

i) Along the Inside North Fork Road from Dutch Creek to Kintla Lake.

ii) Along the Bowman Lake Road.

iii) In the vicinity of backcountry campgrounds allowing wood fires.

iv) For use in personal wood fuel camp stoves where camping is permitted

In the areas listed above, only dead wood on the ground may be collected for use as fuel for campfires.

Wood may not be removed from the park nor may wood from the park be used for residential heating purposes, except pursuant to the terms and conditions of a special permit.

The superintendent has established these restrictions for public safety, protection of environmental and scenic values, and protection of natural resources. In the areas listed above, it has been determined that there is enough appropriately-sized dead and down wood to allow for collection to benefit visitors in a traditional activity and to reduce fuels for potential wildfire.

(b) Leaving a trail or walkway to shortcut between portions of the same trail is prohibited.

The superintendent has established this restriction to protect environmental and scenic values and protect natural resources. Short-cutting results in erosion and damaging impact of resources that are difficult to rehabilitate in many ecosystems.

(c)(1) Edible fruits, nuts, and berries may be gathered by hand for personal use and consumption. The allowable limit is one quart per person, per day. The use of bush rakes or other harvesting devices is prohibited. Picking, gathering or harvesting mushrooms is prohibited.

The superintendent has established these restrictions and prohibitions to protect natural resources including vegetation and food for wildlife. Harvesting devices such as bush rakes cause additional vegetation damage and are unnecessary for gathering the legal amount of edibles. Mushroom harvesting is prohibited because of increased potential for significant damage to recovering resources (especially in fire areas) from mushroom pickers: erosion, digging, trampling of new emerging vegetation and the increased potential of introduction of invasive plant species. Additionally, in removing a mushroom, all of the spores are also removed discontinuing the reproduction cycle of that fungus.

SECTION 2.2 WILDLIFE PROTECTION

(d) Lawfully taken and properly tagged wildlife and wildlife parts may be transported through the park on

U.S. Highway No. 2. All other Park roads are closed to transportation of lawfully taken wildlife and wildlife parts, unless specifically approved by issuance of a Glacier National Park Permit to Transport

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Wildlife. Glacier Park residents may transport lawfully taken wildlife to their place of residence by the shortest park route without a permit.

The superintendent has established these public use limits and closures to meet the enabling legislation, avoid conflict in visitor use, and provide reasonable access to residents.

(e) The use of an artificial light to view wildlife anywhere in the park is prohibited.

The superintendent has established this restriction for public safety and protection of wildlife. Artificial light can alter natural habits including mating, resting, and feeding. Artificial light also disrupts the natural darkness of night sky that visitors enjoy.

SECTION 2.3 FISHING

(d)(8) Fishing from docks and bridges is allowed, unless signs are erected prohibiting such activity.

Fishing from the downstream side of Quarter Circle Bridge on Lower McDonald Creek is subject to

Montana State fishing regulations.

Fishing from docks and bridges in most areas do not compromise visitor safety, create user conflicts, harass wildlife, or damage resources. Therefore, where these conditions exist, a sign will be posted indicating no fishing and otherwise fishing is allowed.

SECTION 2.10 CAMPING AND FOOD STORAGE

(b)(8) A Backcountry Use Permit is required for all overnight camping in the backcountry.

The superintendent has established this public use limit for reasons of safety and to protect natural resources. During the intensive high-use summer season, Glacier National Park’s Backcountry

Management Plan indicates that there will be a limit on overnight backcountry use to limit human impact and the spreading of campsites. By requiring a permit, this also allows the park to disseminate important information about bear safety, regulations, and backcountry hazards.

(b)(9) Camping Conditions (frontcountry):

i) The following conditions have been established for overnight camping in frontcountry campgrounds:

A) Camping in frontcountry areas of the park is permitted only in the following designated campgrounds: Kintla Lake, Bowman Lake, Quartz Creek, Logging Creek, Fish Creek, Apgar, Sprague Creek, Avalanche, Many Glacier, Rising Sun, Saint Mary, Cut Bank and

Two Medicine.

B) Camping in Glacier National Park by any person or party during any calendar year from the period of Labor Day through June 30, shall not exceed 30 days, either in a single period or combined separate periods.

C) During the period July 1 to Labor Day, camping by any person or party shall be limited to

BThomas Highlight

2018 GLAC Superintendent’s Compendium of Closures and Use Restrictions Page 13 of 62 a total of 14 days either in a single period or combined separate periods.

The superintendent has established these public use limits to provide for equal enjoyment of the park by as many visitors as possible during peak summer season.

D) The maximum size limit allowed for all vehicles as well as combinations of vehicles and towed units in Sprague Creek Campground is 21 feet in length (including bumpers) and/or 8 feet in width (including mirrors.)

The superintendent has established this restriction to protect natural resources and encourage public safety. The footprint of Sprague Creek Campground involves narrow access roads and sharp curves which vehicles longer in length would have difficulty maneuvering through without potential resource damage or damage to their vehicle.

E) Camping in frontcountry campgrounds is limited to a maximum of eight people per site and a maximum of two vehicles per site when space is available. Unless otherwise designated or upon approval from the campground ranger, campsites are limited to a maximum of two tents per campsite. All vehicles must be parked on the campsite parking pad. Group campsites are limited to a maximum of 24 people per site, unless otherwise posted.

The superintendent has established these public use limits for these campgrounds or sections of campgrounds to protect the area from excessive resource damage.

F) Hiker/Biker campsites will have an eight person limit unless otherwise posted. The number of tents allowed per campsite varies and limits are posted.

The superintendent has established these public use limits for these campgrounds or sections of campgrounds to protect the area from excessive resource damage.

G) Generator use:

i) Within campgrounds permitting generator use, generators may only be used during the following hours: 8:00 am – 10:00 am, 12:00 noon

– 2:00 pm, and 5:00 pm – 7:00 pm.

ii) Generator use is prohibited at ALL TIMES in the following campgrounds:

a. Sprague Creek, all sites

b. Rising Sun, sites 49-84

c. Fish Creek, C Loop

d. Two Medicine, sites 1-36

e. Many Glacier, sites 48-59, 71, and 86 - 102

f. St Mary Campground, A Loop

g. Cutbank Campground, all sites

The superintendent has established these public use limits for these campgrounds or sections of campgrounds to offer an option of a more remote camping experience for visitors and to increase their quality of solitude.

2018 GLAC Superintendent’s Compendium of Closures and Use Restrictions Page 14 of 62

H) Holding or reserving campsites for parties not present and immediately occupying the site is prohibited. Campsites must be registered and paid for by the occupants as soon as practicable. Campsites may not be left unattended for more than 24 hours.

The superintendent has established this public use limit to provide for equal enjoyment of the park by as many visitors as possible during peak summer season and to provide for the fair and equitable use of first-come, first-served campsites.

I) In campgrounds, only single-person hammocks are permitted and only when affixed using straps one inch or greater in width. Hammocks must be installed within the boundaries of designated sites.

The superintendent has established this public use limit to provide for resource protection.

(b)(9) Camping Conditions (backcountry):

ii) The following conditions have been established for overnight camping in designated backcountry campgrounds:

A) Backcountry camping party size is limited to a maximum of 12 persons.

B) Maximum length of stay in the backcountry is limited to a total of 14 nights during the period of July and August. The authorized camping concessioner (Glacier Guides) is exempt from this regulation.

C) Food must be prepared and consumed at the designated food preparation area in backcountry campgrounds. No food is permitted in the sleeping area.

D) Backcountry use permits shall be valid only for the dates and campgrounds specified on the permit. Unauthorized itinerary changes are prohibited.

E) Reserving backcountry campgrounds with the intent of not using a portion of the itinerary is prohibited. Failure to use a portion of any backcountry permit without notifying the park will result in in the revocation of the entire permitted itinerary.

F) Violation of any of these camping conditions shall constitute a violation of the terms of the permit which is prohibited and may be grounds for revocation of the permit and fines associated with a federal violation notice.

The superintendent has established these public use limits to protect natural resources and maintain human safety. Glacier National Park’s Backcountry Management Plan indicates that party size will be limited to contain and minimize human impact on vegetation. Further, the limit on number of nights in the backcountry is established to allow equal enjoyment of the park by as many visitors as possible during peak summer season. Lastly, food storage regulations are established to limit food attractants in campsites and therefore minimize human-bear interactions.

(b)(9) Camping Conditions (undesignated):

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iii) The following conditions are established for overnight camping in undesignated campsites during the summer camping season (May 1 to November 20).

A) The following regulations apply to approved undesignated camping permits:

1) Party size is limited to a maximum of six campers.

2) Camping is limited to a maximum of two nights at any one campsite.

3) Wood fires (other than personal wood fuel camp stoves) are prohibited.

4) Campsites must be located a minimum of 100 feet from lakes, streams, rivers and other water sources.

5) Campsites must be located a minimum of ½ mile from any trail corridor, designated campground, patrol cabin, fire lookout, roadway, developed area, and out of sight and sound of any trail corridor or other camping party.

6) Stock are not permitted in undesignated campsites.

7) Only one undesignated camping party will be permitted in a specific area on the same night.

8) Reserving undesignated campsites with the intent of not using a portion of an itinerary is prohibited.

9) No camping will be allowed from where US Highway 2 meets the Middle

Fork of the Flathead River at Bear Creek to the Walton Ranger Station along the river corridor. No stopping within ¼ mile above or below the Goat Lick

Viewpoint.

The superintendent has established these restrictions to prevent disturbance of mountain goats using the area and to be consistent with the USFS’s regulations of that similar area.

(b)(9) Camping Conditions (Nyack/Coal Creek):

iv) The following conditions have been established for undesignated camping in the Nyack/Coal

Creek Camping Zone:

A) The outer boundaries of the camping area are defined as follows:

Beginning at the confluence of Nyack Creek and the Middle Fork of the Flathead River:

Following the south bank of Nyack Creek to the Boundary Trail crossing, westward along the Boundary Trail to the Nyack Creek Trail junction, eastward along the Nyack

Creek Trail to the crossing of the side creek just below the lower Nyack Campground

(UTM 299.2E, 5373.2N). Follow this drainage until no longer discernible, then proceed to the ridge high point marked 7972 on the 1:100,000 USGS topographic map (UTM

300.5E, 5377.9N). From this point proceed to a ridge point marked 8340, just east of the summit of Mt. Thompson (UTM 303.5E, 5380.4N).

From this point proceed to the ridge point southeast of Red Eagle Pass marked 7885 on the 1:100,000 map (UTM 309.5E, 5382.1N). From this point proceed to the summit of

Razoredge Mountain, then along the ridge eastward to the Continental Divide.

Follow the divide south to McClintock Peak, then west to the summit of Tinkham

2018 GLAC Superintendent’s Compendium of Closures and Use Restrictions Page 16 of 62

Mountain, then south to the summit of Mt. Phillips, then south to the summit of Caper

Peak, then southeast to the summit of Mt. St. Nicholas, then westward to the western summit of Double Mountain marked 6003 on the 1:100,000 map (UTM 303.7E, 5364.0N). From this point proceed to a point on the Middle Fork of the Flathead River directly across from the confluence of Stanton Creek and the river. Refer to map located at end of chapter.

No undesignated camping will be allowed in Martha’s Basin Area of the

Nyack Coal Creek camping area.

The superintendent has established these restrictions because the area has been overly impacted from past illegal camping and needs to be protected for rehabilitation.

B) Backpackers: May camp anywhere in the zone, with these restrictions:

1) Wood fires (other than personal wood fuel camp stoves) are prohibited.

2) Campsites must be located at least 100 feet from streams and lakes, at least one half mile from any patrol cabin or designated campground, and at least 50 yards and, out of sight and sound of any trail corridor.

3) Camping is limited to a maximum of two nights at any one site; a total of six nights in the zone.

4) Maximum group size is limited to six, except for the Glacier Guides who have a group limit of eight.

5) Maximum capacity per night for the zone is 88 campers (includes both designated and undesignated campsites).

v) Stock Users: May camp only at Beaver Woman, Coal Creek, Lower Nyack and Upper Nyack with ten head of stock maximum.

The superintendent has established these public use limits to protect natural resources. The

Nyack and Coal Creek regions in the park can accommodate larger stock groups with limited resource damage compared to other regions and are therefore allowed 2 more head of stock for overnight use.

(b)(9) Camping Conditions (winter):

vi) The following conditions have been established for undesignated backcountry camping during the winter season (November 20 to May 1):

A) The winter backcountry camping season is designated as the period from November 20 to

May 1. All backcountry campsites are considered undesignated sites during this time period. The following special regulations apply during this period:

1) Wood fires (other than personal wood fuel camp stoves) are prohibited in all backcountry areas, as well as unplowed auto campgrounds and picnic areas.

2) Party size shall not exceed 12 persons.

3) Length of stay shall be limited to two nights for any one campsite.

4) Camping is prohibited (unless in a designated campground) within sight or sound of trail corridors, developed areas, sensitive wildlife areas and at least

100 feet from rivers, lakes, streams and water sources.

5) In addition, early fall or lingering spring snowpack may result in winter

2018 GLAC Superintendent’s Compendium of Closures and Use Restrictions Page 17 of 62 camping regulations being imposed in individual campgrounds, especially those at higher elevations outside of the above time period.

(b)(9) Camping Conditions (river corridors):

vii) The following conditions have been established for undesignated backcountry camping along the North Fork and Middle Fork of the Flathead River.

A) The river corridor backcountry camping has no season limits. All river campsites are considered undesignated sites. The following special regulations apply during this period:

1) Fires are allowed only in fire pans supported off the ground. Ash must be dispersed 100 feet from the camping area.

2) Party size shall not exceed 12 persons.

3) Length of stay shall be limited to one night for any one campsite. Parties must move at least one mile each day before re-establishing a new camp.

4) Camping is prohibited (unless in a designated campground) within sight or sound of trail corridors, at least one mile from river access sites, campgrounds, cabins or other developed areas.

5) Only one party will be allowed in a given area, and must be spaced sight and sounds distance apart from other camping parties

6) Campsites must be located on durable surfaces including gravel and sand bars.

7) Solid human waste must be packed out in an approved container.

The superintendent has established these public use limits and restrictions so that river camping will have the same Leave No Trace standards as the USFS and the policies will be more consistent. These standards keep the public healthy and safe as well as protect natural resources and scenic values.

(d) Food and garbage storage:

(1) The following regulations are established regarding the disposal of garbage:

i) All garbage containers placed outside of buildings will be of bear-proof construction or placed inside bear-proof enclosures. Dumpsters must have latching lids and will be kept latched at all times except when the garbage is being deposited or emptied. Leaving garbage out in the open, or overfilling garbage containers so that they do not properly close and latch is prohibited.

(2) The following regulations are established regarding the storage of food, garbage and equipment used to cook or store food in developed areas:

ii) All food, lawfully taken fish, garbage, and equipment used to cook, serve or store food must be kept sealed in a vehicle, in a camping unit that is constructed of solid, non-pliable material, suspended from any NPS designated food hanging device, secured in any NPS designated storage locker, secured in an Interagency Grizzly Bear Committee (IGBC) approved bear resistant container, or secured in a structure or dwelling, at all times, except when these items are being transported, consumed, or prepared for consumption.

(3) The following regulations are established regarding the storage of food, garbage and equipment

BThomas Highlight

2018 GLAC Superintendent’s Compendium of Closures and Use Restrictions Page 18 of 62 used to cook food in the backcountry:

iii) All food, lawfully taken fish, garbage, and equipment used to cook, serve or store food in designated backcountry campgrounds must be secured at all times, except when these items are being transported, consumed or prepared for consumption, in one of the following methods during the period of March 16 through November 30:

A) Suspended from the designated NPS food hanging device provided in each campground.

In the event that a food hanging device is not serviceable, these items must be suspended at least 10 feet above the ground (from the bottom of the suspended item) and 4 feet horizontally from a tree trunk or other object.

B) Secured in an IGBC approved bear resistant container. These containers may be left on the ground but must be at the food hanging device.

C) Stock feed (hay cubes, oats, pellets, sweet feed, etc.) must be properly secured as with any other food item. This would include using an IGBC approved bear resistant container. These containers may be left on the ground but must be at either the hitch rail area or at the food hanging device.

iv) All food, lawfully taken fish, garbage, and equipment used to cook, serve or store food in undesignated backcountry campsites and/or while traveling in the backcountry, must be secured at all times, except when these items are being transported, consumed or prepared for consumption, by one of the following methods during the period of March 16 through

November 30:

A) Suspended at least ten feet above the ground (from the bottom of the suspended items) and four feet horizontally from a tree trunk or other object, at least 100 feet from camping/sleeping areas.

B) Secured in an IGBC approved bear resistant container on the ground, at least 100 feet from the camping/sleeping areas. Required for near or above tree line campsites.

C) When camping near or above tree line, equipment which is used to cook or store food which cannot fit into a bear resistant container and is clean may be left out on the ground, at least 100 feet from camping/sleeping areas.

D) Backcountry travelers, outside of campsites, may not leave food, lawfully taken fish, garbage, or equipment used to cook or store food, unattended at any time.

v) During the period of December 1 through March 15, these food storage regulations are not in effect, unless specifically mandated based on known wildlife activity.

The superintendent has established these restrictions for public safety and the protection of wildlife.

During the months of the year that coincide with active bear behavior, the following regulations aid in minimizing the presence of actual or potential bear attractants. Limiting attractants not only keeps human-wildlife interactions to a minimum but also keeps the wildlife healthy and wild.