8. Final Tri-Forest Federal Sustained-Yield Unit Management Plan.pdf

Montana Tri-Forest Federal Sustained-Yield Unit Management Plan

June 2026

Purpose and Goals of Sustained-Yield Unit The Montana Tri-Forest Federal Sustained-Yield Unit (Unit) is being established in accordance with the Act of March 29, 1944 (Sustained Yield Forest Management Act or Sustained Yield Act), 16 U.S.C. §§ 583-583i. The purpose of the Unit is to maintain a predictable volume commitment and a continuous supply of forest products to stabilize the existing forest products industry and manufacturing facilities dependent on this supply within the affected communities of three Montana National Forests: the Beaverhead-Deerlodge, Custer Gallatin, and Helena-Lewis and Clark. Community stability will be maintained through the sale of National Forest System timber and forest products. These sales are expected to sustain existing local processing infrastructure, encourage new facility investments, and support a long-term industry presence. The Unit will operate as long as the purposes of the Sustained Yield Act are being met.

All sales within the designated Sustained-Yield Unit boundary within the Beaverhead-Deerlodge, Custer Gallatin, and Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forests will be subject to the requirements set forth in this plan. The forests expect to offer 350 to 500 million board feet of commercial timber over the next ten years (approximately 35 to 50 million board feet annually)1 within the declared Montana Tri-Forest Federal Sustained-Yield Unit. This management plan describes how the expected volume will be sold consistent with the Beaverhead-Deerlodge, Custer Gallatin, and Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forest Land Management Plans (forest plans). This management plan is based on the overarching goals of these three forest plans. Additional volume may be offered if it is consistent with the relevant forest plan. In addition to maintaining local stability, this management plan is expected to provide a predictable timber supply that increases economic opportunities, improves forest and watershed health, and reduces wildfire risk. The sale of National Forest System timber within the Unit will be achieved through an array of available authorities and tools, including stewardship contracts and agreements, Good Neighbor Authority sales, and conventional timber sale contracts. All Good Neighbor Authority sales within the Unit boundary will be offered as part of the Unit. This management plan will be updated periodically to determine whether the volume of commercial timber offered satisfies the purposes of the Unit, and to review and adjust the details of the plan as necessary.

A. Introduction

A1. Statutory Requirements The Montana Tri-Forest Federal Sustained-Yield Unit is authorized by Section 3 of the Sustained Yield Act (16 U.S.C. § 583b). The Sustained Yield Act authorized the establishment of sustained-yield units to, among other things, promote the stability of forest communities through continuous supplies of timber and forest products. This Unit will be managed in accordance with the Sustained Yield Act, the National Forest Management Act of 1976, the respective forest plans as described throughout this management plan, and other applicable laws and regulations.

1 This volume will be achieved 10 full fiscal years after this sustained-yield management plan goes into effect.

A2. Purpose of Sustained-Yield Unit The Unit will maintain community stability, provide a continuous supply of timber, improve forest health, and facilitate implementation of the land management plans through the sale and delivery of timber to manufacturing facilities located within the Unit (see the Geographic Area section below for more details).

Appendix 2 provides a list of the existing manufacturing facilities within the Unit. Sun Mountain Lumber mills in Deerlodge and Livingston are the largest primary sawlog manufacturing facilities within the Unit.

If facilities are sold or operate under new owners, the facility still qualifies as part of the Sustained-Yield Unit if it is operating within the Unit boundaries.

The records of decision for each forest plan describe the projected timber harvest for each forest. The timber supply associated with this Unit is the overall timber available on the three national forests within the Unit boundary. The Beaverhead-Deerlodge Land and Resource Management Plan (2009), prepared under the 1982 Planning Rule, identifies an allowable sale quantity of 14 million board feet of timber per year (140 million board feet in any 10-year period). The Custer Gallatin Land Management Plan (2022), prepared under the 2012 Planning Rule (36 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations) 219) has an estimated 10 million board feet per year in the record of decision and the Helena-Lewis and Clark Land Management Plan (2021), prepared under the 2012 planning rule, has an estimate of timber production of about 27 million board feet per year. For all the forests, these estimates represent what can be generated given the ecological conditions, regulatory framework, and budget scenarios on each National Forest.

B. Geographic Area

B1. Sustained-Yield Unit Description The Unit includes National Forest System lands:

(1) on all Ranger Districts within the administrative boundary of the Beaverhead-Deerlodge;

(2) within the administrative boundary of the Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forests on the Townsend, Lincoln, Helena, Belt Creek-White Sulphur Springs, and Judith-Musselshell Ranger Districts; and,

(3) within the administrative boundary of the Custer Gallatin National Forest on the Hebgen Lake, Bozeman, Yellowstone, Gardiner, and Beartooth Ranger Districts.

These National Forest System lands were selected because they are within the same manufacturing area as shown on the map of the Unit (see Appendix 1).

The Unit includes the entirety of the following counties: Beaverhead, Madison, Gallatin, Park, Sweetgrass, Stillwater, Golden Valley, Wheatland, Judith Basin, Cascade, Meagher, Broadwater, Jefferson, Deerlodge, and Silver Bow counties. Additionally, the Unit includes portions of the following counties: Carbon County west of Highways 212 and 310; Musselshell County west of Highway 87;

Yellowstone County west of Highway 87 and north of Interstate 90; Fergus County south of Highway 81 to junction Highway 191 then south to Lewistown, Montana then south of Highway 200 to the junction with Highway 87; Lewis and Clark County south of Scapegoat Wilderness; Powell County south of Highway 200; and Granite County east of the Lolo National Forest.

B2. Timber Emphasis Lands Each forest plan identifies lands suitable for timber production. Suitable lands2 will be emphasized for timber treatment and removal through sales of timber and forest products. Timber production is the purposeful growing, tending, harvesting, and regeneration of trees to be cut into logs, bolts, or other round sections for industrial or consumer use (36 CFR 219.19). The lands suitable for timber production under each forest plan considers regulation and policy that influence the management (see Table 1). This management plan is not changing the suitable base for these National Forests. For details on how suitable timber lands were identified, please refer to Chapter 3 of the Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest Land and Resource Management Plan Final Environmental Impact Statement (2009), Appendix H of the Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Land Management Plan, Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forest (2021), and Appendix B of the Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Land Management Plan, Custer Gallatin National Forest (2022).

Table 1. Acres and percent of suitable timber lands on each National Forest National Forest Unit Total NFS Acres Suitable Timber Lands Percent

Custer Gallatin1 2,445,371 327,914 13.41%

Helena-Lewis & Clark 2,883,227 368,563 12.78%

Beaverhead-Deerlodge 3,380,000 284,000 8.40%

Total 8,310,035 980,477 11.80%

1. Excludes the Ashland and Sioux Ranger Districts

Lands prohibited from timber harvest were not considered part of the suitable timber lands for the Unit.

This includes designated wilderness areas, recommended wilderness areas, wilderness study areas and research natural areas on all three National Forests. Each forest has additional areas where timber harvest is prohibited in their forest plans that are not included as part of the Unit. Examples include Thompson Park on the Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest and some backcountry areas on the Custer Gallatin National Forest.

Suitable timber lands, with additional refinements, were used as the starting point for delineation of timber emphasis lands within the Unit. The refinements are based on additional forest plan guidance from each plan. Timber harvest may be generated within the Unit from lands that permit harvest outside suitable lands. However, the majority of the timber volume is expected to come from timber emphasis lands.

Timber removal from the lands described below will be considered through the project-level planning process.

• Lands identified as “may be suitable for timber production” in individual forest plans could be included in Sustained-Yield Unit projects after consideration at the project planning level, if aligned with the relevant forest plan.

• Inventoried roadless areas were not included on the map because any timber removal must maintain the roadless characteristics and meet the exceptions within the 2001 Roadless Rule.

These areas may be analyzed in site-specific planning processes.

• Approximately 0.5 miles on either side of the Continental Divide National Scenic Trail, Nez- Perce National Historic Trail, Pioneer Scenic Byway and East Rosebud Wild and Scenic River

2 Each forest plan provides details on land suitable for timber production. This determination is made regarding the appropriateness of various lands within a plan area for various uses or activities, based on the desired conditions applicable to those lands. The terms suitable and suited and not suitable and not suited can be considered the same.

were not included on the map because these areas require additional considerations based on forest plan direction. They could be considered at the project level for inclusion in Unit projects.

• The Pyror Mountains Geographic Area on the Custer Gallatin National Forest was not included on the map because it is not within the same manufacturing area as the other portions of the Beartooth Ranger District.

In total, the Unit contains 925,024 acres of timber emphasis lands (see Appendix 1).

B3. Selected Projects The designation of this Unit and this management plan does not determine what projects will be implemented. Rather, they provide a tool for the three National Forests to implement their respective forest plans and dictates where the forest products are delivered. Projects may be selected for any reason, including but not limited to: hazardous fuels reduction, forest health, insect and disease management, wildlife habitat improvement, or watershed restoration.

All projects and the included vegetation management activities (including timber harvest) must be consistent with the applicable forest plan and all other applicable laws and regulations, including the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA, 1969), Endangered Species Act (1973), National Historic Preservation Act (1966), Clean Water Act (1972), and Healthy Forest Restoration Act (2003). Consistency with the forest plans includes meeting all old growth plan components. Application of the forest plan direction may result in some acres not being treated, even on the timber emphasis lands. Examples include application of streamside management zones and riparian management zones. Additional lands may be added or removed through the site-specific planning processes subject to NEPA, its implementing regulations, and other applicable laws and regulations.

This management plan does not determine the NEPA planning requirements. The authority and level of NEPA used to authorize ground-disturbing activities determines the level of analysis, collaboration, public engagement, and site-specific monitoring requirements.

C. Socioeconomic Summary Forests generate many goods and services of value to communities, including but not limited to clean water, clean air, traditional foods and medicines, recreation opportunities, carbon storage, native species habitat, employment opportunities, and timber products. While this plan focuses on the jobs to be contributed by an annual average of 35 MMBF of timber harvested from the Unit, the contributions and benefits stemming from other forest resources are also of critical importance to local communities and economies.

The manufacturing area includes 15 full counties and 7 partial counties, all within Montana and described in Section B. Geographic Area above. The social and economic fabric of these counties benefits from timber harvested from the Forests, either directly or indirectly. Several of the counties also include primary timber processing facilities that purchase federal timber from the Unit.

Nearly 28 percent of the land in the 22-county geographic area is National Forest System lands, compared to about 8 percent National Forest System lands throughout the country3. Therefore, Forest Service

3 Economic and geographic data in this section come from various federal datasets and were accessed via the Economic Profile System maintained by Headwaters Economics: https://headwaterseconomics.org/tools/economic-profile-system/about-eps/.

https://headwaterseconomics.org/tools/economic-profile-system/about-eps/ https://headwaterseconomics.org/tools/economic-profile-system/about-eps/ https://headwaterseconomics.org/tools/economic-profile-system/about-eps/ decisions and actions in the area have a proportionally higher ability to affect the lives and well-being of residents.

As of 2024, the combined area had just 2.8 percent unemployment, compared to 4 percent nationally.

However, at $65,000 annually, the average earnings per job in the area were about 16 percent lower than the national average. Commodity sectors are a vital part of the economy in this predominantly rural area.

Residents are employed in agricultural jobs roughly twice the national average. While the percentage employed in timber harvest and processing in the 22-County area is near the national average, it is especially important in Powell, Granite, and Carbon counties—each of these counties has timber-related employment at roughly six times the national rate. Economic contributions extend throughout the manufacturing area and to other sectors of the economy, which makes it especially critical for these counties to maintain their existing timber infrastructure and related skilled labor. Powell County is an especially vital center for community stability within the Unit due to its relatively large timber processing infrastructure. Furthermore, the expected sustained flow of timber from the Unit will maintain the stability of existing infrastructure and encourage additional investments, creating more jobs and economic well-being for the affected communities.

When federal timber is sold and harvested, a series of economic effects is triggered, and jobs and income are supported directly and indirectly through the “ripple effects” that begin when timber enters the economy. Foresters, loggers, truck drivers, and wood product manufacturers are some of the workers that are directly supported by harvesting and processing federal timber. Additionally, firms and individuals in those occupations purchase goods and services from other firms, supporting indirect jobs. Finally, the earnings that the directly and indirectly supported workers spend at establishments throughout the local economy support additional “induced” jobs and income, contributing to economic stability in those communities.

On average, every million cubic feet of timber harvested in Montana directly supports 26 jobs in harvesting and processing timber (Sorenson et al. 2016). For this manufacturing area, that translates to about 5.5 direct jobs per million board feet harvested. With annual harvest of 35 million board feet, this management plan would directly support an average of 192 jobs per year over the next decade. An estimated 225 indirect and induced jobs would also be contributed via the economic ripple effects mentioned above, for a total annual economic contribution of 417 jobs4. As the projected harvest total over the next 10 years is between 350 to 500 MMBF, the contributions from 35 MMBF per year can be considered a conservative estimate. If actual harvest quantity is greater than 35 MMBF in a particular year, jobs contributed would increase proportionally.

D. Limit of Manufacturing Area All Unit sale volume on the Beaverhead-Deerlodge, Custer Gallatin, and Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forests will be delivered and processed at manufacturing facilities located within the Unit boundary. Over the initial ten year period of Unit establishment it is anticipated that approximately 350 to 500 MMBF of timber will be sold from National Forest System lands within the Unit. This timber

4 Based on IMPLAN 2024 Model Year analysis conducted January 23, 2026. For more information on the IMPLAN modeling process, visit IMPLAN.com.

https://usdagcc.sharepoint.com/sites/fs-r01-cgpl/SO%20or%20Forestwide%20Project%20Collaboration/Tri-Forest%20SYU/IMPLAN.com includes both sawtimber5 and non-sawtimber6. Site-specific specifications will be found in the contracts or agreements implementing each project.

Exceptions to the limit of manufacturing area may be approved by the Timber Contracting Officer for non-sawtimber upon written request from timber sale purchasers. In addition, with concurrence by the respective Forest Supervisor, the Timber Contracting Officer may consider and approve exceptions in the following cases.

(1) Inability to find a market or receive a fair price for national forest timber purchased in the Unit. Fair market value will be determined using standard Forest Service appraisal methods and delivered log quotes from industry or a combination thereof at the discretion of the Forest Service. The purchaser must prove their case.

(2) Requirements associated with the Small Business Set Aside program (15 USC 644(j)(1)) if there is a change in manufacturing size class as defined by Small Business Set Aside program within the Unit.

(3) Failure to receive payments from manufacturers within the Unit for timber within 30 days of delivery or billing, whichever is shorter.

E. Forest Products Included in Manufacturing and Processing Sawtimber will be processed at primary manufacturing facilities into products, such as lumber, veneer, construction timbers, or similar products. See Appendix 2: Existing Manufacturing Facilities for a list of facilities.

Non-sawtimber may be processed at other manufacturing facilities. These facilities produce products such as chips, posts, poles, rails, and firewood. See Appendix 2: Existing Manufacturing Facilities for a list of facilities.

F. Forest Products Excluded from Manufacturing or Processing All forest products from timber settlement sales7 are excluded.

An individual project may be excluded by the Forest Supervisor due to funding or market constraints. The exclusion is anticipated to be rare. Examples may include agreements with limited funding or niche markets.

G. Sale of the Timber Timber will be offered and/or disposed of from National Forest System lands within the Unit boundary in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, including the National Forest Management Act. Bidding on timber offered in the Unit may be done by any potential purchaser. Purchasers will not be required to

5 Sawtimber is defined as timber suitable for sawing into lumber and must contain at least 33.33 sound net scale in percent of gross scale of material that is suitable for lumber manufacturing. It refers to wood cut from trees that is suitable for processing as sawlogs.

6 Products not meeting sawtimber specifications are generally referred to as non-sawtimber. This could be post and poles, fuelwood, pulp, and chips.

7 Settlement sales are when permission is “granted to cut, damage, or destroy trees, portions of trees, or other forest products on National Forest System lands without advertisement when necessary for the occupancy of a right-of-way or other authorized use of National Forest System land” (36 CFR 223.12).

be located within the Unit boundary to bid on any sales subject to the requirements in this management plan.

All timber offered under available disposal authorities (conventional timber sales, stewardship sales and agreements8, and Good Neighbor Authority9 sales) will contribute towards the requirements set forth in this Unit. The National Forest will track the volume offered within the Unit as described in the Sustained- Yield Unit Review and Monitoring section below to ensure that the overall goals of the Unit are met. In addition to the normal requirements for purchasers of National Forest timber, specific provisions will be developed and added to contracts and agreements to ensure compliance with the manufacturing and processing requirements in the management plan. These provisions will include volume reporting by the purchaser and delivery verification to an acceptable manufacturing facility.

National Forest timber will continue to be available in sufficient amounts to satisfy the needs of bona fide settlers, miners, residents, farmers, and prospectors for personal and domestic use, in accordance with the mandate of the Sustained Yield Act.

Any National Forest timber sale offered within the Unit which is not sold may be re-offered with no limitations on timber delivery outside the Unit.

H. Harvesting Scheduling The rate of offering will be based on each applicable Forest Plan and will contribute to the projected timber sale quantity (PTSQ) and/or allowable sale quantity (ASQ) for each administrative unit. Timber volume will be counted towards the Unit when timber is offered based on this management plan.

Timber offered and sold under this management plan may be impacted by litigation, wind, flood, earthquake, landslide, fire, forest pest epidemic, or other natural phenomena that are outside the control of the Forest Service. The Forest Service will make every effort to re-offer timber impacted by these events.

I. Public Engagement and Notification

I1. Summary of Public Testimony As required by the Sustained Yield Act (16 USC 583d), a 42-day comment period on the draft management plan and an oral hearing were held. Legal notices ran in the newspapers of record for all three National Forests. On Saturday, February 28, 2026, the legal notice ran in the Bozeman Daily Chronicle, Helena Independent Record, and Montana Standard. An email notification was sent to each forest’s mailing list; this included approximately 31,000 individuals and organizations. An email notification was also sent to the forest product purchasers across the three forests; this included approximately 130 businesses.

A public hearing was held in Helena, MT on April 1, 2026. The public hearing was attended by 54 members of the community. Oral testimony was provided by 11 members of the public. This included representatives from Montana Governor’s office, Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation, American Forest Resource Council, Wilderness Society, Wild Montana, Sun Mountain Lumber, Anaconda Sportsmen Club, Sierra Club, Citizens for Balanced Use, KLM Contracting, Anaconda County Commission, and one individual.

8 Authorized under the Healthy Forest Restoration Act of 2003.

9 Authorized under the Agricultural Act of 2014 (the 2014 Farm Bill).

The public comment period was open from February 28 to April 10, 2026. The Forest Service received 118 unique written comments and another 239 form comments in addition to the oral testimony. Unique comments were received from elected officials, government agencies, businesses, non-governmental organizations, outfitter and guides, collaborative group members, and community members. All comments were considered and incorporated into this management plan as appropriate.

I2. Changes to Draft Management Plan The following substantive changes were made to this management plan based on the oral testimony and written testimony received during the comment period.

• Original timber volume commitment was adjusted to be inclusive of all offered volume between the three forests, with overall decadal volume ranging between 350 to 500 MMBF (sawtimber/non-sawtimber). This goal will be achieved via all three Forest’s cumulative programs of work, including but not limited to stewardship contracts and agreements, Good Neighbor Authority sales, and conventional timber sale contracts.

• “B3. Selected Project” section was added to the management plan to clarify how site-specific projects will be used within the Unit and how the projects will comply with the relevant laws and regulations.

• The Socioeconomic Summary section was augmented, acknowledging jobs and benefits to multiple resources.

• The public engagement and notification section was updated to summarize the comments received and how they were used in the finalization of the management plan.

• Wording was added to Section G to clarify that any potential purchaser may bid on Unit timber whether located inside or outside the boundary of the Unit.

• Appendix 2 was updated based on feedback received through the comment period.

Additional clarifications and editorial changes were made throughout the document.

I3. Future Public Engagement Public notifications will be made about each timber sale in the Unit following standard procedures for the three forests. Notification will also be made through the periodic sale announcement process every 6 months. All sales advertised under this authority are subject to planning processes under the National Environmental Policy Act and will include the required public engagement for each project. Collaboration will continue to be part of the planning process on each forest as appropriate and agreed to by the line officers. Additional public hearings will be held if required with a revision to this management plan as outlined in Section J.

J. Sustained-Yield Unit Review and Monitoring

J1. Term If this management is no longer serving the purpose and goals of the Unit, this management plan can be terminated by the Chief of the Forest Service. A revised management plan may change any elements of this plan as described in Section J2.

Contracts awarded under this management plan will remain valid until closure or termination of each contract, regardless of status of the management plan.

J2. Instances Warranting Revisions to the Management Plan When a changed condition arises that fundamentally alters the current condition of the Unit and/or the communities it benefits, the management plan may be updated to reflect corresponding changes in management objectives, terms, and conditions of the Unit.

If an applicable Forest Supervisor determines a changed condition impacts the forest products available from the Unit, the management plan may be revised. Public notification and engagement would occur with any such updates in accordance with the Sustained Yield Act. Changed conditions include, but are not limited to:

• loss or addition of manufacturing infrastructure within the Unit boundary;

• a wildland fire, natural disaster (i.e., flooding, wind event), or other act of God that alters the ecosystem function of the impacted National Forest System lands;

• a change in landownership or interest in the National Forest System lands contained within the Unit;

• adding lands under other federal ownership to the Unit;

• a change in law or regulations that impacts this management plan, including the amount of timber emphasis lands, such as an amendment to the Sustained Yield Act or change in listed species under the Endangered Species Act; or,

• Forest Plan revision or amendments.

Additional geographic areas, such as the Pryor Mountains, can be added to the Unit if or when the management plan is revised.

J3. Management Plan Reporting To determine whether management practices outlined in this management plan are resulting in desired outcomes, each National Forest will record annually the following:

• volume offered and awarded within the Unit; and,

• delivery of the forest products to facilities within the manufacturing area.

This will be recorded at the end of each fiscal year by the Timber Contracting Officer. All documents, including the reporting data, will be kept in an official record maintained by the contracting officer(s).

K. Sustained-Yield Unit Evaluation The Forest Supervisors responsible for National Forest System lands within the Unit will periodically evaluate, at not less than 10-year intervals, the existing Unit to determine if the purposes of the Sustained Yield Act and management plan objectives are being met and if the existing Unit warrants changes or updates. This evaluation of this Federal Sustained-Yield unit will be based on how well the Unit is meeting the objectives for which the Unit was established. The Forest Service will consider information from public hearings or other public feedback in the decision. If necessary, a revised management plan may be developed.

L. References BBER. 2026. Bureau of Business and Economic Research. Forest Industries Data Collection System

(FIDACS).Missoula, MT: Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Forest Industry Research Program. Unpublished dataset. Data obtained January 2026

Sorenson, C. B., Keegan, C. E., Morgan, T. A., McIver, C. P., & Niccolucci, M. J. (2016). Employment and wage impacts of timber harvesting and processing in the United States. Journal of Forestry, 114(4), 474-482.

USDA Forest Service. 2009. Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest Land and Resource Management Plan. Dillion, MT: USDA Forest Service, Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest. 504 p.

USDA Forest Service. 2009. Record of Decision for the Final Environmental Impact Statement and Revised Land and Resource Management Plan, Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest. Dillion, MT: USDA Forest Service, Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest. 51 p.

USDA Forest Service. 2021. 2021 Land Management Plan, Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forest.

Publication No. R1-20-16. Helena, MT: USDA Forest Service, Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forest. 658 p.

USDA Forest Service. 2021. Record of Decision, 2021 Land Management Plan, Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forest. Helena, MT: USDA Forest Service, Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forest. 78 p.

USDA Forest Service. 2022. Land Management Plan, Custer Gallatin National Forest. Publication No.

R1-22-03f. Bozeman, MT: USDA Forest Service, Custer Gallatin National Forest. 242 p.

USDA Forest Service. 2022. Record of Decision, Land Management Plan, Custer Gallatin National Forest. Publication No. R1-22-03h. Bozeman, MT: USDA Forest Service, Custer Gallatin National Forest. 67 p.

Appendix 1: Map of the Montana Tri-Forest Federal Sustained-Yield Unit

Figure 1. Map of Montana Tri-Forest Sustained-Yield Unit

Appendix 2: Existing Manufacturing Facilities The following tables provide a list of sawmills and other facilities within the Unit. These lists are current as of January 16, 2026. This information comes Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation list of “Montana Forest Product Manufacturers” found is the following website:

https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/b06281f35bf04d1d8381ad27bc747e47/.

Table 2. List of Existing Sawmill Facilities Located Within the Montana Tri-Forest Federal Sustained-Yield Unit

Facility Location B & J Sawmill Reed Point, MT Big Sky Sawmill Vaughn, MT Big Timberworks Gallatin Gateway, MT Evergreen Wood Products LLC Moore, MT Gebhardt Post & Lumber Roundup, MT KLM Contracting Anaconda, MT Knapp Lumber Dillon, MT L&L Custom Sawmill Lincoln, MT Marks Lumber Clancy, MT Quality Timberworks Toston, MT Summit Log Products Dillon, MT Sun Mountain Lumber Deer Lodge, MT Sun Mountain Lumber Livingston, MT The Good Wood Guys Great Falls, MT Weaver Wood Toston, MT

Table 3. List of Other Manufacturing Facilities Located Within the Montana Tri-Forest Federal Sustained-Yield Unit

Facility Location Boese's Wood Fence Supplies Philipsburg, MT Bouma Post Yard Lincoln, MT Bozeman Firewood Company Manhattan, MT Cascade Log Homes Cascade, MT Marks-Miller Post & Pole Inc. Clancy, MT Montana Custom Millwork Billings, MT Montana Mobile Cabins by Shotgun Construction Whitehall, MT Myrstol Post and Pole Company Clyde Park, MT Pfendler Post & Pole Drummond, MT Ruby Valley Pressure Treating Alder, MT Stosich Inc Lima, MT Whispering Pines Deer Lodge, MT https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/b06281f35bf04d1d8381ad27bc747e47/