42620-00028_Bennetts Creek_2021_Inspection Report_Redacted.pdf

BRIDGE INSPECTION AND APPRAISAL REPORT

BENNETTS CREEK

Bridge Number: 42620-00028

Tennessee National Wildlife Refuge

Region 4

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

Type of Inspection: Routine

Date of Inspection: 10/16/2021

Prepared By: Short Elliott Hendrickson, Inc

Prepared For: National Wildlife Refuge System Infrastructure Management Division Falls Church, VA

Date of Report: 11/13/2021

Type of Report: Full

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

42620 00028 11/13/2021 Rpt V4.1

Bridge Identification, Use, & Summary of Findings

225 Date of Report 11/13/2021

090 Inspection Date 10/16/2021

Inspector Organization Short Elliott Hendrickson, Inc

Lead Inspector David Barber, P.E.

The summary condition of the bridge is SATISFACTORY.

The condition of the piling was changed from FAIR to POOR due to the continued increase in decay and rot. Transverse cracks in the asphalt overlay allow leakage of moisture down onto caps and bearing area at the abutments and bents.

There is a small amount of riprap spilling out at bottom of cribbing at the bents.

226 Type Use The bridge provides FWS and public access at the south boundary line in the east portion of the Big Sandy Unit of the refuge. There is an open cable gate across the south end of the bridge.

213 Public Use Y 030 Year of ADT 21

029 Average Daily Traffic 000125212 In Use Y

209 Type Construction/Materials Precast concrete channel girder with integral deck on timber pile bents and abutments.

108 Wearing Surface Bituminous

107 Deck Str Type Other

106 Year Rebuilt 0000

052 Deck Width 025.3

051 Bridge Roadway Width 023.8

049 Structure Length 000057

048 Max Span Length 0019

045 Number of Main Spans 003

043 Structure Type Concrete Channel Beam

027 Year Built 1964

265 Asset Number 10016854

204 Bridge Number 42620 00028

203 Bridge Name BENNETTS CREEK

009 Location BENNETTS CREEK, B.S. UNIT

007 Facility Carried BENNETTS CREEK RD

006 Feature Intersected BENNETTS CREEK

003 County 79 (Henry County)

001 State 474 (Tennessee)

201 Region IR 2 (LR 4)202 Station Tennessee National Wildlife Refuge

Summary of Findings

Bridge Use

Bridge Features

Bridge Identification & Location ft, xxx.x ft, xxx.x xxx ft, xxxxxx ft, xxxx xxxxxx yy

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

Recommended Work & Estimated Costs Estimated Remaining Life (Item 219, Years): 2-5 (At current load limits without major repairs or rehabilitation)

ReplacementMaint/Repair/ Rehab

Priority Assessment

Recommendation (See Footnote 1)Item

Urgent Item j.

i.

h.

g.

f.

e.

d.

c.

b.

a.

Future Year Cost:

Current Year Cost:

Proj Total for Year of Est:

Subtotal:

G.A.S.

Construction Management:

Preliminary Design

Planning/ Design/ Const. Mgmt:

Construction Contingency:

Construction Estimate:

3Supplement piles with heavy core rot. Material & Labor: 975 LF at /LF = 1

Urgent Item j.

i.

h.

g.

f.

e.

d.

c.

b.

a.

Future Year Cost:

Current Year Cost:

Proj Total for Year of Est:

Subtotal:

G.A.S.

Construction Management:

Preliminary Design

Planning/ Design/ Const. Mgmt:

Construction Contingency:

Construction Estimate:

5Periodically remove brush at corners of bridge to improve visibility. Labor: 12 Hours at /hour = , Adjustment for Location:

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

ReplacementMaint/Repair/ Rehab

Priority Assessment

Recommendation (See Footnote 1)Item

Urgent Item j.

i.

h.

g.

f.

e.

d.

c.

b.

a.

Future Year Cost:

Current Year Cost:

Proj Total for Year of Est:

Subtotal:

G.A.S.

Construction Management:

Preliminary Design

Planning/ Design/ Const. Mgmt:

Construction Contingency:

Construction Estimate:

5Clean and seal cracks in asphalt over abutments and bents with pourable sealer to prevent moisture penetration.

Material: , Labor: 8 Hours at /hour = Adjustment for Location:

Urgent Item j.

i.

h.

g.

f.

e.

d.

c.

b.

a.

Future Year Cost:

Current Year Cost:

Proj Total for Year of Est:

Subtotal:

G.A.S.

Construction Management:

Preliminary Design

Planning/ Design/ Const. Mgmt:

Construction Contingency:

Construction Estimate:

5Place an additional cribbing plank at bottom of the bents to prevent riprap from spilling out. Material: , Labor: 24 Hours at /hour = , Adjustment for Location:

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

ReplacementMaint/Repair/ Rehab

Priority Assessment

Recommendation (See Footnote 1)Item

Urgent Item j.

i.

h.

g.

f.

e.

d.

c.

b.

a.

Future Year Cost:

Current Year Cost:

Proj Total for Year of Est:

Subtotal:

G.A.S.

Construction Management:

Preliminary Design

Planning/ Design/ Const. Mgmt:

Construction Contingency:

Construction Estimate:

5Switch the direction of the lap on the approach guardrail at all the northeast and southwest corners. Labor: 8 Hours at

/hour = , Adjustment for Location None

Footnotes:

1/Recommended work are items noted by the inspection team on the date of inspection. Urgent items are those which pose a current threat to the strength or stability of the bridge, or involve a significant safety concern. Items are listed in their order of importance. Item 1 considered most important. Adjustments for location include geographical region and remoteness of the bridge adjustment. For multi-use structures such as water control structures or dam spillways, repair or reconstruction estimates, if applicable, are for the bridge component only.

2/Item c., when needed, is used for items up to in construction value, except replacements, and includes a mark-up of approximately 18% assuming MMS program accomplishment. If the item is accomplished by other than MMS, the mark-up should be adjusted accordingly.

3/Items d. and e., when needed, are used for replacements, and work items over in construction value, and use a sliding scale based on the construction estimate. If the item is accomplished by MMS, the mark-up should be adjusted accordingly.

4/Priority assessment value is a reflection of the criticality of a recommendation, with a value of 1, 2, or 3 representing a high priority safety hazard that requires immediate attention, and a 7 representing a non-urgent repair with little-or-no safety ramifications.

Totals

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

48.9

37.9

24.9

28.613.736.0

T3 3

T3S2

T3

HS20 27.0

303 Sign Recommendation Remarks

302 Sign Status All recommended signs are in place. Object marker on northeast corner is damaged.

301 Sign Recommendations No load posting required. Object markers are recommended at all corners of the bridge.

SubstructureChannel GirdersElement

The load rating from 2007 is still considered valid. No significant changes in the condition of the bridge which would affect the rating were observed during the 2021 inspection. The load capacity and weight limit posting recommendations remain as shown above.

306 Rating Verified By David Barber, 10/16/2021305 Rating Prepared By Jim Inglis, 11/9/2007

304 Load Rating Remarks CHANNEL GIRDERS: Precast concrete channel girder, 3' 6" wide, Deck Thickness = 5", stems are 7" wide at the bottom and 9" wide at the top, 12" deep, spanning 18' 0 3/8", 18' 7 5/8", and 18' 0 3/8" with 2" of asphalt. Details of reinforcing are unknown. The rating is empirical based on the condition of the channel girders. SUBSTRUCTURE: 12 1/2" Deep x 14 1/2" Wide treated timber pile caps, maximum span = 8' 5". Stresses Used: Bending = 1,400 psi, Shear = 113 psi.

Project leaders (and others) should be aware that the posting recommendations are for the absolute maximum load levels to which a structure may safely be subjected for limited passages of the loads. Should the need arise to subject the bridge to sustained loading at or near this level, the Project Leader should contact the Regional Engineer for guidance regarding an appropriate safe load capacity.

Load posting recommendations are based on Operating rating values. See note regarding posting recommendations, below.

Op = Operating RatingIn = Inventory Rating

Important Note Regarding Posting Recommendations

Load Ratings (Tons)

Sign Recommendations

Sign Recommendations & Load Ratings

In In In In InOp Op Op Op Op

310 Element 1 320 Element 2 330 Element 3 340 Element 4 350 Element 5

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

Additional Information & Comments

211 Description of Bridge The bridge was constructed in approximately 1964 and consists of three spans of simply supported precast concrete channel girders with an integral concrete deck. The spans are supported on treated timber pile bents and abutments.

255 Comparison to Previous Inspection The condition of the piling was changed from FAIR to POOR due to the continued increase in decay and rot. Penetration up to 1" into piles. 25% section loss on all piles, except supplemental piles added at three locations. A few short longitudinal cracks continue to develop. The crack in the grouted riprap in the south span shows no significant increase.

The inspection frequency was changed from 24 month to 12 month due to the poor condition of the timber piling.

256 Next Inspection Recommendations The next inspection for this bridge is recommended as a routine inspection with a full report in 12 months.

257 Additional Comments

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

Condition Ratings (Items 218, 58, 59, 60) Code Condition Description

N Not applicable

9 Excellent

8 Very Good No problems noted.

7 Good Some minor problems noted.

6 Satisfactory Structural elements show some minor deterioration.

5 Fair All primary structural elements are sound but may have minor section loss, cracking, spalling, or scour.

4 Poor Advanced section loss, deterioration, spalling, or scour.

3 Serious Loss of section, deterioration, spalling, or scour have seriously affected primary structural components. Local failures are possible. Fatigue cracks in steel or shear cracks in concrete may be present.

2 Critical Advanced deterioration of primary structural elements. Fatigue cracks in steel or shear cracks in concrete may be present or scour may have removed substructure support.

Unless closely monitored it may be necessary to close the bridge until corrective action is taken.

1 Imminent Failure Major deterioration or section loss present in critical structural components or obvious vertical or horizontal movement affecting structure stability. Bridge is closed to traffic but corrective action may put back in light service.

0 Failed Out of service; beyond corrective action.

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

218 Approaches Item Condition

Rating Remarks

218 Approaches 7

218.01 Approach Slab

218.02 Relief Joints

218.03 Approach Guardrail 6

218.04 Surfacing 7

218.05 Embankment 7

218.06 Signs 7

218.07 Vegetation 7

Short galvanized W beam rail, unsupported at ends, light rust on top.

Lapped incorrectly at northeast and southwest corners. Rail no longer bolted to post at northwest corner.

Asphalt, 35' at north, 55' at south, then gravel. Medium transverse crack at bridge ends for full width of roadway. 1/2" low at north end of bridge.

Retained by wingwalls, and riprap on banks. Minor sloughing at corners of bridge.

Object markers, black and yellow, in accordance with MUTCD at ends of all four approach rails. Objects markers are bent and have scrapes.

Information and regulations sign at southeast. 'Refuge Hunt in Progress' at southeast. Open cable gate at southeast corner with 'no vehicles' sign. Black stripes on northeast and southwest object markers are damaged and peeling.

Grassy slopes, well vegetated but recently trimmed.

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

058 Deck

Rating Remarks

058 Deck 7

058.01 Deck Structure 7

058.02 Expansion Joints 6

058.03 Wearing Surface 6

058.04 Rideability 7

058.05 Curbs 6

058.06 Parapets/Railings 7

058.07 Drains/Drainage 6

058.08 Cleanliness 6

058.09 Utilities

058.10 Lighting

Concrete, integral with precast sections Insignificant transverse cracks on underside, moderate surface spalling over entire top of deck and spalling of grout in longitudinal joints noted prior to paving. Top of deck not visible in 2021 due to asphalt wearing surface.

Transverse joints at each bent Leaking, allowing moisture onto bent cap. Joints have been paved over.

Two inches of asphalt, placed between 2005 and 2007. Up to 1" wide cracks full width of roadway at both bents, longitudinal crack 6' from both curbs, non continuous the entire length. A few short longitudinal cracks. Low spot near north end of bridge with ponding.

Slight bump over joints.

Concrete. Spall in east curb over south bent.

Galvanized W beam rail on precast concrete posts bolted to edge of deck and curb. Widespread freckled rust. 10" x 6" spall with exposed reinforcing at base of second post from north abutment and post near middle of bridge on west side.

One drain each side in each span. Water ponds in middle of bridge.

Moderate debris along the curbs restricting proper drainage.

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

059 Superstructure

Rating Remarks

059 Superstructure 5

059.01 Bearing Devices

059.02 Girders 5

059.02A Diaphragms 5

059.02B Bracing

059.03 Floor Beams

059.04 Stringers

059.05 Trusses

059.05A Portals

059.05B Bracing

7 precast concrete channel sections per span Longitudinal and transverse hairline cracks at edge and ends of units, leaking, reinforcing steel rusting previously caused concrete to spall at bottoms of channel stems. Areas of previously exposed reinforcing have been patched.

Worst is at 7th stem from west in south span just south of south bent.

East stem of 5th channel/girder from west just north of north bent is similar. Moderate horizontal cracks up to 0.09" in stems of channels where moisture has penetrated concrete, several areas of heavy efflorescence with rust stains. Moderate to heavy efflorescence in girder legs of center span near both bent caps. Widespread longitudinal cracks up to 0.03" wide with efflorescence, on stems and underside of girders.

0.04" diagonal crack with leakage and delamination on east face (appears too shallow to be shear crack) of 7th stem from west in north span near north pier (West stem of 4th girder). 9" L x 5" W x 1 1/2" D spall with exposed and corroded rebar in 2nd stem from east of north span.

Diagonal shear crack up to 0.04" in diaphragm of 4th girder from west near north abutment. Concrete diaphragms at ends and midspan. One spall with exposed rebar east bay midspan middle span north face.

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

059 Superstructure (cont)

Rating Remarks

059.06 Paint

059.07 Splices and Connections 6

059.08 Rivets & Bolts

059.09 Welds

059.10 Corrosion 6

059.11 Timber Decay

059.12 Deflection

059.13 Vibration Under Load

059.14 Collision Damage

Channel sections bolted together through stems Grout in joints abraded and spalled on deck surface noted prior to paving. Active leakage in several areas along the joints. Nut and bolt assembly connecting west exterior girder to 1st interior girder in north span is loose.

Previously exposed reinforcing steel with moderate rust at numerous locations has been patched. Areas of rust stains at horizontal cracks.

Patches remain intact.

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

RemarksCondition Rating

Item

060 Substructure

060 Substructure 6

060.01 Wings 6

060.02 Backwalls/Bulkheads

060.03 Bearing Seats 8

060.04 Breastwalls/Columns 7

060.05 Weep Holes

060.06 Footings/Sills

060.07 Piles/Bracing 7

060.08 Erosion/Scour 8

060.09 Settlement

Treated timber, extension of backwall at each corner Minor rot, covered with riprap at corners of bridge, barely visible.

Precast concrete sections bear on layer of asphalt roofing material on top of treated timber caps.

Treated timber with asphalt roofing material on top and sides Replaced between 2003 and 2005 inspections. Mostly gone at ends and from sides in 2017.

Treated timber piles barely visible under cap.

No evidence of erosion.

ABUTMENTS

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

RemarksCondition Rating

Item

060 Substructure (cont)

060.10 Bearing Seats 8

060.11 Caps 7

060.12 Columns/Walls

060.13 Piles/Bracing 4

060.14 Footings/Sills

Treated timber with asphalt roofing material on top and sides Replaced between 2003 and 2005 inspections. Minor checks in bottom. Roofing material mostly gone from sides.

9” diameter treated timber with no diagonal bracing Moderate to heavy rot with white mold under surface. Penetration up to 1" into piles.

25% section loss on all piles, except supplemental piles added at three locations. Areas of heavy rot are concentrated from waterline to 4' above water. Minor damage on a couple of piles from impact, surface delamination on a few piles. 3rd and 5th piles from west at south bent and 5th pile from west at north bent have been supplemented. White mild is present beneath surface of piles.

060.15 Erosion/Scour 6

060.16 Settlement

Minor erosion around 1st pile from west of north bent.

PIERS

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

Condition Ratings (Item 61 Channel) Code Description

N Not applicable. Bridge is not over a waterway.

9 There are no noticable or noteworthy deficiencies which affect the condition of the channel.

8 Banks are protected or well vegetated. River control devides such as spur dikes and embankment protection are not required or are in a stable condition.

7 Bank protection is in need of minor repairs. River control devices and embankment protection have a little minor damage. Banks and/or channel have minor amounts of drift.

6 Bank is beginning to slump. River control devices and embankment protection have widespread minor damage.

There is minor stream bed movement evident. Debris is restricting the channel slightly.

5 Bank protection is being eroded. River control devices and/or embankment have major damage. Large deposits of debris are in the channnel.

4 Bank and embankment protection is severely undermined. River control devices have severe damage. Large deposits of debris are in the channel.

3 Bank protection has failed. River control devices have been destroyed. Stream bed aggradation, degradation or lateral movement has changed the channel to now threaten the bridge and/or approach roadway.

2 The channel has changed to the extent the bridge is near a state of collapse.

1 Bridge closed because of channel failure. Corrective action may put back in light service.

0 Bridge closed because of channel failure. Replacement necessary.

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

061 Channel and Channel Protection

Rating Remarks

061 Channel & Channel Protection

061.01 Scour/Erosion 7

061.02 Channel Protection 7

061.03 Spur Dikes/Jetties

061.04 Waterway

Obstructions

061.05 Adequacy of Opening 7

061.06 Normal Velocity 7

060.17 Average Opening 7

060.18 Stream Bed Material 6

061.05 Adequacy of

Opening

Sufficient

061.06 Normal Velocity Medium

No evidence of scour.

Grouted masonry cobble to boulder sized riprap under each end span.

Grouted riprap in south span has 4" wide crack (increase of 2" since last inspection). Active seepage beneath riprap at north bent. Large quantity of riprap at corners of bridge, along sides of end spans, along toe of grouted masonry, and along stream banks 30' to 60' upstream and downstream placed prior to 1999 inspection. Riprap retained by timber planks between piles Planks have gaps and are bowing. Riprap spilling out under cribbing.

Gravel with a few cobbles. New gravel placed and shaped under bridge and upstream and downstream prior to 1999 inspection.

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

Condition Ratings (Item 62 Culverts) Code Description

N Not applicable. Structure is not a culvert.

9 No deficiencies.

8 No noticable or noteworty deficiencies which affect the condition of the culvert. Insignificant scrape marks caused by drift.

7 Shrinkage cracks, light scaling, and insignificant spalling which does not expose reinforcing steel. Insignificant damage caused by drift with no misalignment and not requiring corrective action. Some minor scouring has occurred near curtain walls, wingwalls, or pipes. Metal culverts have a smooth symmetrical curvature with superficial corrosion and no pitting.

6 Deterioration or initial disintegration, minor chloride contamination, cracking with some leaching, or spalls on concrete walls, wingwalls, or pipes. Metal curverts have a smooth curvature, non symmetrical shape, significant corrosion or moderate pitting.

5 Moderate to major deterioration or disintegration, extensive cracking and leaching, or spalls on concrete or masonry walls and slabs. Minor settlement or misalignment. Noticeable scouring or erosion at curtain walls, wingwalls, or pipes. Metal culverts have significant distortion and deflection in one section, significant corrosion, or deep pitting.

4 Large spalls, heavy scaling, wide cracks, considerable efflorescence, or opened construction joint permitting loss of backfill. Considerable settlement or misalignment. Considerable scouring or erosion at curtain walls, wingwalls or pipes. Metal culverts have significant distortion and deflection throughout, extensive corrosion or deep pitting.

3 Any condition described in Code 4 but which is excessive in scope. Severe movement or differential settlement of the segments, or loss of fill. Holes may exist in walls or slabs. Integral wingwalls nearly severed from culvert.

Severe scour or erosion at curtain walls, wingwalls or pipes. Metal culverts have extreme distortion and deflection in one section, extensive corrosion, or deep pitting with scattered perforations.

2 Integral wingwalls collapsed, severe settlement of roadway due to loss of fill. Section of culvert may have failed and can no longer support embankment. Complete undermining at curtain walls and pipes. Corrective action required to maintain traffic. Metal culverts have extreme distortion and deflection throughout with extensive perforations due to corrosion.

1 Bridge closed. Corrective action may put back in light service.

0 Bridge closed. Replacement necessary.

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

062 Culverts

Rating Remarks

062 Culvert(s) N

062.01 Embankment

062.02 Surfacing

062.03 Shoulders

062.04 Headwalls

062.05 Wingwalls

062.06 Barrel

062.07 Footings

062.08 Design Opening

062.09 Opening Remaining

062.10 Debris/Silt

062.11 Erosion/Scour

062.12 Grade Percent

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

036 Traffic Safety Features Item Assessment Remarks

036A Bridge Rail 0.0 Galvanized W beam rail on precast concrete posts, not blocked out or stiffened, rail not flush with curb.

036B Transitions 0.0

036C Approach Rail 0.0

036D End Treatment 0.0

Not gradually stiffened.

Flared end section, rail not flared.

Galvanized W beam rail unsupported at each corner 6' long.

0 Does not meet current FWS new rail guidelines 1 Meets current FWS guidelines N Not applicable or a safety feature is not required

Traffic Safety Features Legend:

113 Scour Critical Bridges Item Assessment Remarks

113 Scour Critical Bridges 8 Bridge foundations determined to be stable for the assesssed or calculated scour condition. Scour is determined to be above top of footing by assessment, by calculation, or by installation of properly designed countermeasures. Toe of riprap previously exposed and undermined under both end spans. Channel protection added between 1997 and 1999 inspections.

041 Bridge Posting Item Assessment Remarks

041 Bridge Posting A Open, no restrictions. Not posted. Load posting not required.

PrintDate: 3/30/2022

20 ft = Estimated bottom of timber pile abutments.

20 ft = Estimated bottom of timber pile bents.

Measurements are from the top of the concrete curb on the west upstream side.

2' 2" = Distance from Measuring Point (MP) down to the bottom of superstructure.

= 500-year flood elevation.

= 500-year scour elevation.

Year / MP South A1 South Bent North Bent North A2 WTR Dist. to A1 0' 0'' 18' 4" 37' 3" 55' 7"

2005 4' 0'' 11' 2" 11' 8" 3' 8" 2013 4' 0'' 11' 2" 11' 8" 3' 8" 2015 2' 7" 14' 0'' 11' 8" 2' 9" 2017 2' 2" 14' 0'' 14' 1" 2' 0'' 2019 2' 2" 13' 11" 12' 8" 2' 9" 13' 11" 2021 2' 2" 14' 0'' 12' 11" 2' 9" 13' 8"

STREAMBED CROSS-SECTION HISTORY

South A1 South Bent North Bent North A2

LOW CHORD0

0 10 20 30 40 50

D

IS

TA

N

C E

FR

O

M B

O

TT

O M

O F

LO

W

C H

O R

D (F

EE

T)

CLEAR DISTANCE IN FEET FROM SOUTH ABUTMENT (A1)

TENESSEE NWR - BENNETTS CREEK: 42620-00028

2005 2013 2015 2017 2019 2021 Current Wtr Lvl

Structure Number/Name: 42620-00028/BENNETTS CREEK

View down centerline of bridge roadway looking south

Elevation looking upstream

Elevation looking downstream

Northwest approach rail is not connected to approach rail post at end

Incorrectly lapped approach rail at southwest corner, similar at northeast

Damaged object marker at southwest corner, similar at northeast

Transverse crack in pavement over north abutment; note debris filling crack

Transverse crack in pavement over north bent, similar at south

Soil and debris along west curb line

Horizontal cracks with efflorescence in west side of third girder from east in north span near north pier

Diagonal crack in stem of fourth girder from east in north span near north pier

Spall with exposed rebar in east face of second stem of east exterior girder

Rot in second pile from west in south bent, similar in other locations

Checks in third pile from west in south bent

Timber cribbing is bowed out toward channel at north pier, similar at south

Cracked and settled slope paving at south end

Typical view of underside of bridge

Looking west (upstream)

Looking north

Looking east (downstream)

Looking south

Typical Signs