2__16_CADD_Stds_January_2016.pdf

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C O N T E N T S

SECTION 1 – GENERAL

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Purpose

1.3 Future Additions and Updates

1.4 Application Considerations and Platform

1.5 Drafting Practices and Standards

1.6 Responsibility and Compliance

SECTION 2 – PREPARATION OF ENGINEERING DRAWINGS

2.1 General Requirements

2.2 Standard Sheets

2.3 General Sheet Sequence

2.4 Cover Sheet (First Sheet)

2.5 Vicinity and Location Maps

2.6 Pertinent Design Parameters

2.7 Drawing Index

2.8 Detailing Conventions

2.9 Abbreviation List

2.10 Legends and Symbols

2.11 General Notes

2.12 Site / Plot Plan

2.13 Section and Detail Sheet

2.14 Notes

2.15 Drawing Reductions

2.16 Scale Factor

2.17 Model Space

2.18 Layout / Paper Space

2.19 Standard Fonts

2.20 Standard Sheets

2.21 Field Station Name

2.22 Type of Field Station

2.23 Title of Project

2.24 Title of Sheet

2.25 Subset Sheet Number

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2.26 Type of Views Shown on Sheet

2.27 County of Field Station and State of Field Station

2.28 Designer of Project, Drafter of Sheet, and Checker of Sheet

2.29 Drawing Number

2.30 Sheet Number

2.31 Bar Scales

2.32 Dimensioning

2.33 Leader Lines

2.34 Hatching

2.35 Layer Properties

2.36 Revisions to Drawings

2.37 Drawing File Name

2.38 Plotting For in House projects

2.39 Plotting For A/E Firms

2.40 Drawing Review

SECTION 3 – PREPARATION OF ENGINEERING DRAWINGS WITH THE CIVIL

SERIES APPLICATION

3.1 Introductions

3.2 Sharing Data Between Engineering Drawings and Applications

3.3 Standard Fonts

3.4 Submitting of Survey Data

3.5 Responsibility and Compliance

SECTION 4 – PREPARATION OF ENGINEERING DRAWINGS FOR AS-BUILT CONDITIONS

4.1 Definition

4.2 As-Built Drawings Completed by an A/E Firm

4.3 As-Built Drawings Completed by a Construction Contractor

4.4 Responsibility

SECTION 5 – DELIVERABLES AND DATA EXCHANGE WITH PRIVATE COMPANIES,

CONSULTANTS, OR OTHER PRIVATE OR PUBLIC AGENCIES

5.1 Drawings Submitted for Review

5.2 Final Submittal of Drawings

5.3 Preparation of Drawings for Transmitting

5.4 Preparation of Self-Extracting Executable Drawing Files

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5.5 Submitting of a Color Dependent Plot Style Table

5.6 Submitting of Survey Data

5.7 Standard Symbols and Details

5.8 Transmittal Sheet

5.9 Responsibility and Compliance

5.10 Ownership

SECTION 6 – DELIVERABLES & DATA EXCHANGE WITH THE DIVISION OF

CONTRACTING & GENERAL SERVICE (CGS) FOR BID SOLICITATION

6.1 Paper Solicitation

6.2 Electronic Solicitation

6.3 Creating A PDF File With The DWG To PDF Driver

6.4 Initial Setup of the Adobe PDF Driver

6.5 Creating a PDF File within AutoCAD

6.6 Making One PDF File of All PDF Drawing Files of a Project

SECTION 7 – REVIEW, APPROVAL, AND RESPONSIBILITY OF ALL ENGINEERING

DRAWINGS

7.1 General Definition

7.2 Preliminary Environmental and Safety Branch Reviews

7.3 CAD Group Review

7.4 Final Review and Approval For General Requirements

7.5 Drawing Signature Approval Process

7.6 Regional Engineer Approval Process

7.7 Regional 8 Approval Process

SECTION 8 – DOCUMENT CONTROL OF THE ENGINEERING DRAWINGS

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Digital Engineering Drawings

8.3 Hardcopy Engineering Drawings

SECTION 9 – CONTRACT FOR CAD / DRAFTING

9.1 General Requirements

9.2 Contract Administration

9.3 Project Procedure

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SECTION 10 – STANDARD ABBREVIATIONS, MEASURES TABLES AND CONVERSIONS

10.1 Standard Abbreviations

11.2 Engineering Units

11.3 Temperature Conversions

SECTION 11 – AUTOCAD HELPFUL HINTS AND COMMON COMMANDS

11.1 Introductions

11.2 Setting Up and Starting a New Drawing Session

11.3 Opening / Saving a Drawing

11.4 Using the Standard FWSP Drawings

11.5 Insert a FWSP Standard Drawing

11.6 Setting Up and Editing a FWSP Standard Drawing

11.7 Editing the Title Block of a FWSP Standard Drawing (Command: ATTEDIT) . . .

11.8 Line Type Scales

11.9 Layout Viewports

11.10 Creating Layout Viewports

11.11 VPORTS

11.12 Viewports Toolbar

11.13 Using the View Pull-Down Menu

11.14 Scaling a Layout Viewport (Command: MVSETUP)

11.15 MVSETUP

11.16 Object Dragging (Command: DRAGMODE)

11.17 Mouse Control Variables (Command: MBUTTONPAN)

11.18 Converting a STB Plot Table Drawing to a CTB Plot Table Drawing . (Command: CONVERTPSTYLES)

11.19 Plotting Using a “Color-Dependent Plot Style Table”

11.20 Saving a Drawing (Command: SAVE, QSAVE, or SAVEAS)

12.21 Regenerating a Drawing (Command: REA, REGEN, REGENALL)

12.22 Using the View Pull-Down Menu

12.23 REGEN, REGENALL or REA

12.24 Cleaning Up a Drawing (Command: PURGE)

11.25 Using the File Pull-Down Menu

11.26 PURGE

11.27 File Utilities / Maintenance

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11.28 Auditing a Drawing (Command: AUDIT)

11.29 Using the File Pull-Down Menu

11.30 AUDIT

11.31 Recovering a Drawing (Command: RECOVER )

11.32 Using the File Pull-Down Menu

11.33 RECOVER

11.34 Using an AutoCAD Application Remotely

11.35 Borrowing an AutoCAD Application (Command: BORROWLICENSE )

11.36 Using the Tools Pull-Down Menu

11.37 Using the Help Pull-Down Menu

11.38 BORROWLICENSE

11.39 Manually Returning an AutoCAD Application

11.40 Using the Tools Pull-Down Menu

11.41 Using the Help Pull-Down Menu

11.43 RETURNLICENSE (Command: RETURNLICENSE )

11.44 AutCAD Function Keys

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U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Engineering Region One and Region Eight Portland, Oregon

Computer-Aided Design and Drafting January 2016 Standard Manual

SECTION 1 - GENERAL

1.1 INTRODUCTION

This manual has been developed for the Division of Engineering personnel in Regions 1, 7 & 8 who use Computer-Aided Design and Drafting (CAD) systems in preparation and management of engineering drawings for the Division. These drawings are used for planning, engineering, water resources, safety program, and energy management for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in Region 1, the states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and the Pacific Islands. Region 7, the state of Alaska, and Region 8, the states of California and Nevada. The Division is responsible for the planning, design, construction, alteration, and rehabilitation of a wide variety of capital improvements involving projects of diverse scope.

For the purpose of this manual, the term “Engineering Drawings” refers to all engineering planning, design, and construction drawings that will be used for solicitation and construction proposals.

1.2 PURPOSE

This manual is envisioned as a foundation from which to build and continuously improve the means of utilizing CAD related technology. This is a guide, for the full-time and infrequent users, in the use of CAD in preparation and management of engineering drawings. It will ensure similar style and format of drawings, and a uniformity of policy, operation, symbology, plotting, data storage and archiving. This manual will be used as a standard for completing engineering projects that require AutoCAD. You will be able to create functional electronic drawings that can be plotted, transmitted, and filed away, and everything that is required to complete an engineering drawing, and to ensure comprehensive design documentations of construction projects, including the completion of As-Built drawings.

1.3 FUTURE ADDITIONS AND UPDATES

These standards are intended to be neither static nor all-inclusive and thus will be updated as appropriate. It is important to maintain and update this manual when changes occur. This is a “user” manual for all who are responsible for developing CAD projects. Therefore, suggestions for additions or improvements by any user will only make this a more complete manual. Having a published and clearly stated manual ensures that the Division of Engineering is getting its full optimum utilization and productivity of the CAD system. If you have any questions or require clarification, contact the CAD Group of the Division of Engineering for Regions 1, 7 & 8.

1.4 APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS AND PLATFORM

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Engineering, Regions 1, 7 & 8 are using the most current version of the AutoDESK Software, AutoCAD, Map 3D, Civil 3D, MEP and Raster Design. All programs are running in a Microsoft Windows network environment.

All CAD projects shall conform to the AutoDESK software. No neutral, interchangeable file format or additional programs to convert drawings will be allowed. The originator of a project

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Engineering Region One and Region Eight Portland, Oregon

Computer-Aided Design and Drafting January 2016 and/or drawings will be responsible for ensuring that all files are compatible with the system in the CAD Group of the Division of Engineering in Regions 1, 7 & 8.

1.5 DRAFTING PRACTICES AND STANDARDS

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Engineering, Regions 1, 7 & 8.have adopted the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) for the preparation of all engineering drawings unless otherwise stated in this manual. Therefore, all engineering drawings developed for the Division shall conform to these standards and this manual. Any deviation could possibly delay final payment of a project and/or rejection of the submitted drawings.

The following list is the ANSI standard manuals used extensively within the Division:

.1 ASME Y14.2M-1992 Lines Conventions and Lettering or later versions.

.2 ASME Y14.100-2000 Engineering Drawing Practices or later versions.

.3 ASME Y14.3M-1994 Multiview and Sectional View drawings or later versions.

.4 ASME Y14.38-1999 Abbreviations and Acronyms or later versions.

1.6 RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPLIANCE

Upon completion of a project, electronic files and final full size sheets shall be completed according to this manual. Consistency, accuracy, and compliance with these standards are important since files may be given to other departments within the Service or private consultants contracted for CAD and/or engineering services. It is the responsibility of the originator of a project and/or drawing to inform and provide a copy of this manual to anyone completing their project and/or drawing(s) so that they shall comply with these standards.

The management of engineering drawings is the responsibility of the Computer-Aided Drafting (CAD) Group, Branch of Engineering Services. The CAD Group supports the engineering staff (and others) with drafting/CAD services, technical engineering services, and computer assistance.

In addition, the CAD Group is responsible for issues involving drafting, CAD, and computers with hardware and software vendors, manufacturers’ representatives, construction contractors, CAD and Architectural Engineering consultants, and suppliers.

Modifications of the standards and procedures in this manual may be necessary for specific situations. Submit the required temporary modifications in memo form to the CAD Group for approval. Do not make arbitrary changes without prior approval.

Requests for deviation shall be documented:

Why the current procedure or standard is inapplicable or ineffective; and

What the proposed deviation or change should be.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Engineering Region One and Region Eight Portland, Oregon

Computer-Aided Design and Drafting January 2016

SECTION 2 - PREPARATION OF ENGINEERING DRAWINGS

2.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

All U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service projects for Regions 1, 7 & 8 will be completed in the current version of AutoCAD. In some cases, the CAD Group can accommodate the architectural and engineering (A&E) firms that do not have the current version of the AutoCAD software by saving back to an earlier version. Utilization of the “Model” and “Layout” working environments will be used. The “Layout” shall include all borders with title blocks, vicinity maps, location maps, appropriate drawing notes and arrangement of the viewports. All other work (i.e., Plans, Details, Elevations, Profiles, Sections, Views, Dimensioning, and Text, etc.) will be created in “Model” space. “Model” space accesses a limitless drawing area. In model space, you draw at 1:1 scale.

The “Layout” tab accesses virtual drawing sheets. When setting up a layout, you tell AutoCAD the sheet size you want to use. The “Layout” space represents the drawing sheet. This layout environment is called “Paper Space”.

2.2 STANDARD SHEETS

Use the following pre-made, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Engineering sheets (standard title blocks):

FWSP1.DWG (reserved for the first sheet only) FWSP2.DWG (use for the remainder of the drawing set)

These two standard drawings are blocks with attributes ready for entering the information used in the title blocks. For information on the title blocks, see Section 2.20. These sheets should be inserted into Paper Space at coordinates 0,0 and scaled at 1:1. These standard drawings will be used and no variation will be allowed.

2.3 GENERAL SHEET SEQUENCE

A set of drawings will be arranged in a logical manner in order to minimize confusion. The following sequence provides a general guideline of the drawing sheet order. Each discipline’s drawings should be organized in a logical sequence which agrees with the drawings of other disciplines in the set of drawings. Each discipline should begin with an overview and then become more detailed. A list of abbreviations and a legend on smaller project / set of drawings will be combined with other disciplines into an overall list, which is shown at the beginning of the overall set of drawings. Discipline specific notes, legends, code references, and abbreviations should be located on the first sheet of each discipline.

The following is the recommended outline sequence of a set of drawings:

Cover Sheet (First Sheet)

General Sheets

Civil Sheets

Mechanical Sheets

Plumbing Sheets

Electrical Sheets

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Engineering Region One and Region Eight Portland, Oregon

Computer-Aided Design and Drafting January 2016

Architectural Sheets

Structural Sheets

Telecommunications Sheets

Fire Protection Sheets

Note: Avoid mixing multiple disciplines together on the same sheet; it is not a good practice to do so. If the job is small, then combine civil with structural and mechanical with electrical;

otherwise keep each discipline separate.

2.4 COVER SHEET (FIRST SHEET)

The Cover / First Sheet will contain:

Vicinity and Location Maps

Pertinent Design Parameters

Drawing Index

Detailing Conventions

Abbreviation List

Legends and Symbols

General Notes

Hatchery or Refuge Site/Plot Plan Note: If space is not available on the first sheet, move lower priority items to the following sheet. The list above is in order of priority.

2.5 VICINITY AND LOCATION MAPS

The Vicinity Map is a basic map showing the state, and the location within the state, of the field station. The Location Map is a basic map showing the field station boundaries, major roads, major areas (i.e., Headquarters and Residence Areas), and the location of the project. Include a Site Map and an arrow to point out the project if the project pertains to a specific feature on the compound.

2.6 PERTINENT DESIGN PARAMETERS

The pertinent design parameters will be included on each set of drawings. Some examples of these parameters are as follows:

Minimum soil bearing and/or pile bearing capacities

Building/structure occupancy types and square footage(s) along with the total square footage of the building/structure

Unit Occupant Load (People/SF) x SF = Occupant Load (number of maximum people allowed)

Name and date of Design Codes being used (i.e., 2010 IBC, NFPA 101, NEC Class 1 Division 2, etc.)

Design loads and factors (i.e., floors, roofs, decks, and walkways)

Seismic Zone, factors, and soil characteristics

Design wind loads, adjustment factors, and the resulting window vertical and/or horizontal loads

Mechanical capacities, design indoor and outdoor temperatures, hours and days of operation

Bridge type (i.e., pedestrian, vehicular, public use, non-public use), design vehicle type, and load rating.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Engineering Region One and Region Eight Portland, Oregon

Computer-Aided Design and Drafting January 2016

2.7 DRAWING INDEX

An index to all the drawings in a set will be included in the Drawing Index. The Drawing Index will include, but is not limited to:

Subset Sheet Number – If used, refer to Section 2.25 for definition

Title of Sheet – As shown on the individual drawing, refer to Section 2.24

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Drawing Number – Exactly as described in Section 2.29, no variation allowed

Sheet Number – This should include both the sheet and total number (i.e., 2 of 10), refer to Section 2.30

2.8 DETAILING CONVENTIONS

The section and detail convention used will be clearly identified. There is minimum information that must be shown. Section 2.13 shows those minimum requirements and shows the typical convention used.

2.9 ABBREVIATION LIST

A list of Abbreviations on smaller project/set of drawings will be combined for all disciplines into an overall list and shown on the Cover/First Sheet. On larger projects/set of drawings, Abbreviations should be located on the first sheet of each discipline. In either case, Abbreviations for a set of drawings will be similar in format and appearance.

2.10 LEGENDS AND SYMBOLS

Legends and Symbols on smaller project/set of drawings will be combined for all disciplines and shown on the Cover First Sheet. On larger projects/set of drawings, Legends and Symbols should be located on the first sheet of each discipline. In either case, Legends and Symbols for a set of drawings will be similar in format and appearance.

2.11 GENERAL NOTES

All General Notes will be combined for all disciplines and shown on the Cover/First Sheet. On larger projects/set of drawings, General Notes of a specific discipline can be located on the first sheet of each discipline. In either case, notes for a set of drawings will be similar in format and appearance.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Engineering Region One and Region Eight Portland, Oregon

Computer-Aided Design and Drafting January 2016

2.12 SITE / PLOT PLAN

The Site/Plot Plan will graphically illustrate the surrounding areas (i.e., streets, buildings, structures, etc.) to clearly identify the project location. All sets of drawings are required to have a Site/Plot Plan. The plan will be arranged on the sheet so that north is either pointing up or to the left of the sheet; or if more practical, in the quadrant between upper left. The north orientation established will be followed on all other site and building plans on the project. Plan and profile sheets may vary from the established north orientation as necessary to best display the work in the space available. Include a north arrow on every sheet that contains a plan.

The Site/Plot Plan will clearly identify all land boundaries at a scale that is intelligently discernible.

It is acceptable to show the ownership boundaries on the Location Map, but also must be scaleable and clearly identified. The ownership boundaries, such as property lines, easements, utility, road rights-of-ways, and similar line work, will include the names of the parties of interest. These boundaries will be an overlay to the Site/Plot Plan and all other principal plans depicting the project.

2.13 SECTION AND DETAIL SHEET

All section and detail sheets will be arranged so that the detail numbers and section letters will be read from left to right; top to bottom; consecutively. Each sheet will have its own set of identifying detail numbers and section letters starting from “1” or “A”. Each identifier will show where the section or detail is taken from and where it’s shown.

Sections and Elevations will be lettered; Details will be numbered.

3/8"

3/16"

5/8" Dia.

Sheet Where Section is Shown

Sheet Where Section is Taken

Sheet Where Detail is Shown

Sheet Where Detail is Taken

5/8" Dia.

Detail Number

Section Letter

DETAILS: SECTIONS, VIEWS

AND ELEVATIONS:

Avoid taking sections of a section; take the section from the plan or elevation. If a section is required but cannot be taken from the plan or elevation, give the section a title (i.e., RISER SUPPORT, etc.).

2.14 NOTES

Locate all “GENERAL NOTES” in the upper right hand corner of the sheet or just above the title block. This applies to all sheets except the Cover Sheet. Arrange all drawing notes and call-outs on the sheet without crowding. Place all notes on the parent drawing except those pertinent to a specific detail or section.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Engineering Region One and Region Eight Portland, Oregon

Computer-Aided Design and Drafting January 2016

2.15 DRAWING REDUCTIONS

Drawings will be reduced for the project’s contract administration process. Use appropriate graphic bar scales with Metric and English representation and text sizes for readable (1/2) half size prints. If scales are called out (i.e., SCALE: 1/4" = 1'-0"), this text will be placed on the Defpoints layer.

2.16 SCALE FACTOR

ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING SCALE FACTORS

Drawing Scale Scale Factor

1/16” Text

3/32” Text

1/8” Text

5/32” Text

3/16” Text

1/4” Text

1/2" Text

5/8” Text

1” = 1” 1 1 1/16” 3/32” 1/8” 5/32” 3/16” 1/4" 1/2" 5/8”

3” = 1’-0” 4 1/4" 3/8” 1/2" 5/8” 3/4" 1” 2” 2 1/2"

1 1/2” = 1’-0” 8 1/2" 3/4" 1” 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2” 4” 5”

1” = = 1’-0” 12 3/4” 1 1/8” 1 1/2" 2” 2 1/4" 3” 6” 7 1/2"

3/4” = 1’-0” 16 1” 1 1/2" 2” 2 1/2" 3” 4” 8” 10”

1/2” = 1’-0” 24 1 1/2" 2 1/4" 3” 3 3/4" 4 1/2" 6” 1’-0” 1’-3”

3/8” = 1’-0” 32 2” 3” 4” 5” 6” 8” 1’-4” 1’-8”

1/4” = 1’-0” 48 3” 4 1/2" 6” 7 1/2" 9” 1’-0” 2’-0” 2’-6”

3/16” = 1’-0” 64 5” 6” 8” 10” 1’-0” 1’-4” 2’-8” 3’-4”

1/8” = 1’-0” 96 6” 9” 1’-0” 1’-4” 1’-6” 2’-0” 4’-0” 5’-0”

3/32” = 1’-0” 128 9” 1’-0” 1’-4” 1’-8” 2’-0” 2’-8” 5’-4” 6’-6”

1/16” = 1’-0” 192 1’-0” 1’-6” 2’-0” 2’-6” 3’-0” 4’-0” 8’-0” 10’-0”

CIVIL DRAWING SCALE FACTORS

Drawing Scale Scale Factor

1/16” Text

3/32” Text

1/8” Text

5/32” Text

3/16” Text

1/4” Text

1/2" Text

5/8” Text

1” = 10’ 120 7 1/2" 11 1/2" 1’-3” 1’-6 3/4" 1’-10 ½” 2’-6” 5’-0” 6’-3”

1” = 20’ 240 1’-3” 1’-10 ½” 2’-6” 3’-1 1/2" 3’-9” 5’-0” 10’-0” 12’-6”

1” = 30’ 360 1’-10 ½” 2’-9 3/4" 3’-9” 4’-8 1/4" 5’-7 1/2" 7’-6” 15’-0” 18’-9”

1” = 40’ 480 2’-6” 3’-9” 5’-0” 6’-3” 7’-6” 10’-0” 20’-0” 25’-0”

1” = 50’ 600 3’-11/2” 4’-8 1/4" 6’-3” 7’-9 3/4" 9’-4 1/2" 12’-6” 25’-0” 31’-3”

1” = 60’ 720 3’-9” 6’-7 1/2" 7’-6” 9’-4 1/2" 11’-3” 15’-0” 30’-0” 37’-6”

1” = 80’ 960 5’-0” 7’-6” 10’-0” 12’-6” 15’-0” 20’-0” 40’-0” 50’-0”

1” = 100’ 1200 6’-3” 9’-4 1/2" 12’-6” 15’-7 ½” 18’-9” 25’-0” 50’-0” 62’-6”

1” = 200’ 2400 12’-6” 18’-9” 25’-0” 31-3” 37’-6” 50’-0” 100’-0” 125’-0”

1” = 300’ 3600 18’-9” 28’1 ½” 37’-6” 46’-10 ½” 56’-3” 75’-0” 150’-0” 187’-6”

1” = 400’ 4800 25’-0” 37’-6” 50’-0” 62’-6” 75’-0” 100’-0” 200’-0” 250’-0”

1” = 500’ 6000 31’-3” 46’-10 ½” 62’-6” 78’-1 ½” 93’-9” 125’-0” 250’-0” 321’-0”

1” = 600’ 7200 37’-6” 56’-3” 75’-0” 93’-9” 112’-6” 150’-0” 300’0” 375’-0”

1” = 1000’ 12000 62’-8” 93’-9” 125’-0” 156’-3” 187’6” 250’-0” 500’-0” 625’-0”

2.17 MODEL SPACE

All work generated in Model Space will be 1:1. Care should be taken to assure that all dimensions, fonts and text are similar in appearance in Layout/Paper space and conform to Section 2.19 Standard Fonts requirements of this manual. As you are drawing in Model Space, you must think

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Engineering Region One and Region Eight Portland, Oregon

Computer-Aided Design and Drafting January 2016 ahead what the scale will be of each drawing you are planning to plot in Paper Space. Use the appropriate scale factor for your drawing of each viewport that will be part of your final plot.

In general, try to use the following scales to develop drawings: 1/8” or 1/4” for plans and exterior elevations; 1/4” or 1/2” for sections of an entire structure; 1” for partial sections; 3/4", 1 ½”, or 3” for details; 1/2” for partial elevations. Avoid using 3/32”, 3/16”, and 3/8” scales.

Scales 1”=1’-0” and larger will be shown as an architectural scale, with all dimensions reading in feet and inches. This does not apply to profile sheets with vertical scales larger than 1” where an Engineer’s scale will be used to match the horizontal scale. Refer to table 2.16 for scale factors to be used.

2.18 LAYOUT / PAPER SPACE

Line types, by default, do not appear in layout/paper space as defined in model space. The system variable will be set so the line type scales are based on the drawing units of the space (model or paper) in which objects were created. This will make the line types appear the same in both model and layout/paper space. The system variable should be changed by typing PSLTSCALE at the command prompt and selecting option “0". By default, it is set to “1".

2.19 STANDARD FONTS

All fonts will be from the basic AutoCAD software. No other font styles will be accepted.

Font/text size and placement will be in accordance with accepted drafting practices. In no instance shall the plotted text height be less that 1/8" high, except as noted in Section 3, Preparation of Engineering Drawings with the Civil Series Application. The font styles and size to be used are as follows:

All standard text, notes, and dimensions will be Roman Simplex (RomanS) and have a 1/8" (.125) text height when plotted.

All sub-title text will be Roman Duplex (RomanD) and have a 3/16" (.1875) text height when plotted.

All title text, detail letters, and section letters will be Roman Duplex (RomanD) and have a 1/4" (.25) text height when plotted.

All lettering will be oriented vertically (not italic) and UPPER CASE. All drawings shall include all text within the plotting limits. Refer to the table in Section 2.16 for scale factors to be used if lettering in Model Space.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Engineering Region One and Region Eight Portland, Oregon

Computer-Aided Design and Drafting January 2016

2.20 STANDARD SHEETS

The standard drawings, FWSP1.DWG and FWSP2.DWG, are blocks with attributes with the following description. When inserted into Paper Space, all text style and location attributes are already setup.

First, Cover or Lead Sheet

Secondary Sheets

DATE OF PROJECT

.125 Roman Simplex

FIELD STATION NAME

.18 Roman Duplex

TYPE OF FIELD STATION

(REFUGE or HATCHERY)

.10 Roman Simplex

TITLE OF PROJECT

TITLE OF SHEET

COUNTY OF

FIELD STATION

.10 Roman Simplex

DESIGNER OF PROJECT

DRAFTER OF SHEET

.125 Roman Simplex

SUBSET SHEET NUMBER

(Optional) .18 Roman Duplex

STATE OF FIELD STATION

.125 Roman Simplex

CHECKER OF PROJECT

.125 Roman Simplex

U.S. FISH & WILDLIFE DRAWING NUMBER

.14 Roman Duplex SHEET NUMBERS

.14 Roman Duplex

FIELD STATION NAME

TITLE OF PROJECT

TITLE OF SHEET

DESIGNER OF PROJECT

.125 Roman Simplex

DRAFTER OF SHEET

CHECKER OF SHEET

SUBSET SHEET NUMBER

(Optional) .18 Roman Duplex

TYPE OF VIEWS

SHOWN ON SHEET

(Right Justification) .14 Roman Duplex

U.S. FISH & WILDLIFE

DRAWING NUMBER

.14 Roman Duplex

SHEET NUMBERS

.14 Roman Duplex

DATE OF PROJECT

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Engineering Region One and Region Eight Portland, Oregon

Computer-Aided Design and Drafting January 2016

2.21 FIELD STATION NAME

The field station name on all first, cover, or lead sheet identifies the field station name only and doesn’t include the type of field station (i.e., refuge or hatchery). This name is the official name of the station and will not be abbreviated. If the station is part of a complex, the complex name will be identified on this line and an additional line below will identify the field station name.

The field station name on all secondary sheets will include both the field station name and type.

The field station name will not be abbreviated. The field station type will be the first letters of the station type (i.e., National Wildlife Refuge = N.W.R., National Fish Hatchery = N.F.H., National Wildlife Refuge Complex = N.W.R.C.)

2.22 TYPE OF FIELD STATION

The type of field station will be on a line of its own only on the first, cover, or lead sheet. The field station type will be the first letters of the station type (i.e., National Wildlife Refuge = N.W.R., National Fish Hatchery = N.F.H., National Wildlife Refuge Complex = N.W.R.C.). For the secondary sheet see Section 2.21 Field Station Name for field station type.

2.23 TITLE OF PROJECT

The title of project is the project name. This name will be identical for all sheets within a set of drawings. The project name will clearly identify the predominant work being accomplished.

Examples of this would be “Residence #5 – Kitchen Remodel” not “Residence Remodel” or “Middle Rearing Pond Cover” not “Pond Cover”.

2.24 TITLE OF SHEET

The title of sheet identifies the predominant work show on that sheet. It should clearly identify the work and/or type of views shown. Examples of this would be “Electrical Lighting Plan” not “Electrical Plan” or “Civil – Existing Utilities Plan” not “Existing Civil Plan”.

2.25 SUBSET SHEET NUMBER

The subset sheet number is an optional number that can be used. Many projects with multiple disciplines use this style as a numbering convention. Also, some organizations, firms, or offices follow standard subsets prescribing an order within the set of drawings. This number is optional and use of it will be determined by the project manager or team. However, if used, the same format and style must be used throughout the drawings set (i.e. General, Civil, Architectural, Structural, Mechanical, Electrical, etc.). Additionally, this number must be identified in the “Drawing Index” along with the drawing and sheet numbers. The subset sheet number will not replace or be used in place of the drawing or sheet number.

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2.26 TYPE OF VIEWS SHOWN ON SHEET

The type of views shown should indicate all types of views on the sheet. This information is a critical element used for database searches. Abbreviations are not acceptable and standard terminology will be used. Examples of this would be “Elevations” not “Elev”, “Detail” not “Det” or “Sections” not “Sect”.

2.27 COUNTY OF FIELD STATION AND STATE OF FIELD STATION

The state and county of the field station is placed on the first, cover, or lead sheet. Abbreviations are not acceptable. In the county field, the county name will be followed by the word “County” with a comma following the word County (i.e., “Skamania County,”).

For independent island countries, put the name of the Country (i.e. Midway Islands, Guam, etc.)

for the State. If there are no further political divisions, put the name of the Country in for the County.

2.28 DESIGNER OF PROJECT, DRAFTER OF SHEET, AND CHECKER OF SHEET

These three fields should minimally show the initials of the designer, drafter, and checker of the sheet. Additionally, if there are multiple designers for a project, the leader designer’s initials for the sheet will be placed in the designer field for that sheet.

For the date of project, put Month Day and Year of completion of drawings on the Cover Sheet and Month, Day, and Year on secondary sheets.

2.29 DRAWING NUMBER

Every drawing shall have a unique and distinct drawing number. Any variation of this number is not acceptable. To obtain the drawing number, contact the CAD Group. Drawing numbers are setup as follows:

1F-WA-330-278-3.1

Region

Division / Program

Station Number

State

Project Number

Revision Number

(0. is for the Original Bid Set)

Sheet Number of Project Drawing Set

State Abbreviations:

CA = California NV = Nevada HI = Hawaii OR = Oregon ID = Idaho WA = Washington

Division / Program:

F = Fisheries R = Refuges

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2.30 SHEET NUMBER

The sheet number should be consecutive numbers along with the total number of sheets for the project. These numbers can be placed at the 100 percent design completion. This will allow for additional sheets being inserted during the design process.

2.31 BAR SCALES

Create all detail drawings, design files & profile views, in Model Space and with a standard graphic bar scale. All details, elevations, plans, and sections shall have graphic bar scales; only use “NOT TO SCALE” on drawings for typical details (i.e., Typical Pipe Trenches, Pipe Blocking, Electrical and Mechanical schematic drawings, Typical Welds, etc.). All “NOT TO SCALE” drawings, if required, will be drawn at 1=1 and each component will be drawn proportional for future updating. Profiles shall have graphic scales showing both a vertical and horizontal scale.

Every effort should be taken to use standard bar scales. All scales will be represented graphically as bar scales. If scales are also called out (i.e., SCALE: 1/4" = 1'-0"), this text will be placed on the Defpoints layer.

All bar scales shall include a metric graphic representation as per the Metric Conversion Act of 1975, as amended by the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988; Executive Order 12770 “Metric Usage in Federal Government Programs;” and Departmental Manual Metric Transition Program, 758 DM 1.

2.32 DIMENSIONING

All dimensions will be placed with their respective Detail in “Model Space”; not in “Paper Space”.

Associative dimensioning will be used. The “DIMASSOC” setting should be toggled to “2”.

Architect’s Scales: Dimensions are given in feet and inches with the exceptions noted below. Use unit marks and separate feet and inch numerals with a hyphen. A typical example on a construction drawing is written as 2’-7”. The following specific rules apply to placing dimensions on construction drawings:

Fractions: For indicating fractions of an inch alone, no zero is used; thus 1/4"

Inches Alone: For indicating inches alone, no zero is used; thus 5”

Combinations: For indicating inches in combination with fractions, no zero is used;

thus 3 1/8”

Feet and Inches: No zero is used; thus 5’-9”

Feet without Inches: Use a zero for inches; thus 6’-0”

Feet and Fractions: For indicating and zero for inches with a fraction of an inch;

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Foot Symbol: Indicate a one dimension as 1’-0”; never as 12”

Engineer’s Scales: All dimensions on a construction drawing will be in feet and tenths or hundredths of a foot, not in feet or inches. The following specific rules apply to placing dimensions on construction drawings:

1. Accuracy: Be consistent in the accuracy required by dimensions indicated (i.e., show the same number of digits past the decimal point regardless of the size of the dimension.) Thus, if fifteen feet is shown as 15’, then two feet should be shown as 2’.

Conversely, if two feet is shown as 2.0’, then fifteen feet should be shown as 15.0’.

2. Elevations: Elevations are always given in decimals on construction drawings. These are vertical reference heights and are not to be confused with elevation views. They must always be accompanied with the abbreviation “EL.” (Elevation) or with the appropriate symbol or abbreviation found in either the legend or table of abbreviations.

Structural, Paving, and Utility elevations will be shown to the hundredths of a foot.

Excavation, Grading, and Surfacing elevations will be shown to tenths of a foot.

Survey Units: The dimensions on a construction drawing will be in feet and tenths or hundredths of a foot, not in feet or inches. All directions for lines will be defined as a bearing with degrees, minutes, and seconds.

2.33 LEADER LINES

When detailing, attempt to line up the callouts vertically and bring the leaders in parallel to each other, if possible. DO NOT CROSS LEADERS.

Use either straight lines or single direct curved leaders from notes to drawings. Always start a leader from the beginning or end of a flag or billing; never from the middle. Each discipline shall coordinate with each other to maintain consistency. Straight leader lines are preferred.

2.34 HATCHING

Use only the standard AutoCAD hatching, this will assure the availability of the hatch for FWS as well as any consultant.

Whenever possible, use the “LTSCALE” as the scale for hatch patterns.

If a temporary border is needed to place a hatch pattern, create it then completely remove it from the drawing. AutoCAD tip: use the command “BHATCH” and follow the prompts.

All hatch patterns will be consistent throughout the construction set and will be noted in the Symbol’s Legend.

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2.35 LAYER PROPERTIES

The layer properties will be determined for each project. The Layer Name, Color, Linetype, and Lineweight will be determined by the originator of a project. This does not apply to the design, layout, and/or final drawings completed for the Water Resource Group of the Division of Engineering in Region 1. It is the responsibility of the originator of a project to assure that all drawings of a project have similar layer properties. Any drawing of a project not conforming to a similar layer properties will be returned for proper submission.

Layer names should be organized and identified so that future modification and editing can easily be made. Only Layers used for a project will be identified in the layer properties. All others will be purged. All viewport windows will be put on a layer called “VPORT” and shall remain “off” at time of final submittal and/or saving to the permanent drawing repository on the Division of Engineering Server.

All Colors, Linetypes, and Lineweights will be setup Bylayer only.

2.36 REVISIONS TO DRAWINGS

Any change made to a drawing after it has been issued for bid will be a revision and will be so noted.

The revision symbol will be an identifying number enclosed in a triangle (an equilateral triangle with rev number in the middle). Place a revision symbol near each change made. When many changes are involved in one area that separate revision symbols would crowd the drawing, a single revision symbol may be used to identify the changes.

All changes will be clearly described in the revision block of the title block and dated. Lack of space will not preclude compliance and additional revision blocks will be utilized as necessary.

Revision action noted in the revision block shall have the revision triangle placed around the revision number.

Revisions will be made by either crossing out, addition of new or revised information, or by redrawing. All new revisions will have a revision cloud placed around them, except when revising for as-built conditions. All previous revision clouds for earlier revisions will be removed. All revision clouds will be removed from the drawing set when revising for as-built conditions, but all previous symbols and descriptions shall remain. These revision clouds are only used to clearly indicate any current changes made to a drawing during the bidding and construction process.

Revision clouds will be on a layer named “rev” plus the revision number for that change (i.e., rev1, rev2, etc.) and color 7 (white).

The original files will be maintained in the archives before any revision is made.

All revisions will be reflected in the drawing number by changing the number after the decimal.

See Section 2.29 Drawing Number, for clarification. Sheet one/Cover sheet should indicate that

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2.37 DRAWING FILE NAME

All drawing files shall have a standard file naming convention. The file name shall have its project number, sheet, and revision number as its name (i.e. 722-3.dwg, 722-3-1.dwg where as 722 is the project number, 3 is the sheet number, and 1 is the revision number).

722-3-1.DWG

Project Number

Sheet Number

Revision Number

Note: Revision Number is omitted when .0 (original bid set)

2.38 PLOTTING FOR IN HOUSE PROJECTS

All drawings will be plotted in “Paper Space” using the “Layout Tab”. Each Layout Tab will be named identifying the sheet size (i.e., 22x36, 11x17, etc.). The plot scale should be set at 1=1, plot offset checked for “Center to Plot,” and the north orientation at the 90 degree position for all plotting purposes. The 11x17 Tab is for the plotting of the PDF file and should be setup as per section 7.2.1 & 7.2.2 of the manual.

Each in house project will have one “Color-Dependent Plot Style Table” (CTB) file created and submitted at the final design phase. The .CTB file name will be the station number and project number (i.e., 501-722.ctb where 501 is the station number and 722 is the project number.

501-722.CTB

Station Number

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2.39 PLOTTING FOR A/E FIRMS

All drawings will be plotted in “Paper Space” using the “Layout Tab”. Each Layout Tab will be named identifying the sheet size (i.e., 22x34, 11x17, etc.). The plot scale should be set at 1=1, plot offset checked for “Center to Plot,” and the north orientation at the 90 degree position for all plotting purposes.

Each project will have a “Color-Dependent Plot Style Table” (CTB) file. At the final design phase submittal, the A/E firm may use their own layering convention and CTB file. Multiple CTB files will be allowed when the prime A/E firm uses sub-contractors for specialized disciplines. Each subcontractor shall submit their CTB file in accordance with the naming convention below. The CTB file names will be the station number, project number, and abbreviated discipline (i.e. 501- 722 Arch.ctb ) where 501 is the station number, 722 is the project number, and Arch.ctb is the discipline. A “Named Plot Style Table” (STB) will not be used or accepted.

Abbreviated Discipline:

501-722 Arch.ctb for Architectural 501-722 Mech.ctb for Mechanical 501-722 Civil.ctb for Civil 501-722 Pipi.ctb for Piping 501-722 Elect.ctb for Electrical 501-722 Struct.ctb for Structural 501-722 Land.ctb for Landscaping

2.40 DRAWING REVIEW

All engineering drawings shall have a preliminary and final review. See Section 7, Review, Approval, and Responsibility of All Engineering Drawings for the reviews and approval process.

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SECTION 3 - PREPARATION OF ENGINEERING DRAWINGS WITH THE CIVIL SERIES

APPLICATION

3.1 INTRODUCTIONS

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Engineering, Regions 1, 7 & 8 are using the current version of the AutoDESK products, (i.e AutoCAD, Civil 3D, Civil Survey and so on). With its current limited use within the Division, this section, at this time, only addresses current issues and differences in preparation of engineering drawings from Section 2.

Unless otherwise specified in this section, all engineering drawings with civil/survey data will be prepared in accordance with Section 2.

3.2 SHARING DATA BETWEEN ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND APPLICATIONS

Data can be associated with objects drawn within the AutoDESK Civil 3D program. It is possible to export all or certain object data, block attributes, linked external data, object properties, and topology data created.

There are two options available to transfer data. One option is to transfer the entire record associated with each linked object. The information from the record is attached to the exported object as attribute data. Or, the second option is to export the key fields. This is faster, since it doesn’t open the associated database. It creates a smaller external file since only the key data is exported. With the second option, the host program must support external databases for the entire drawing to be viewed.

Without knowing if the host program supports external databases, all drawings created with the Autodesk program or any other program associating data with objects drawn shall transfer the entire record.

In transferring the entire record, proxy objects are substituted for the custom objects when the ObjectARX (AutoCAD run-time Extension) application (i.e., Civil 3D) that creates the custom object is not available on the host application. A custom object is a type of object created by an ObjectARX application, which typically has more specialized capabilities than standard AutoCAD objects.

Proxy objects have significantly reduced capabilities compared to their corresponding custom objects. The extent to which proxy objects can be edited is determined by the parent ObjectARX application. For example, operations such as erasing and moving an object, or changing object properties may or may not be possible on a proxy object depending on the application that created it.

When opening a drawing in AutoCAD, a Proxy Information dialog box will appear. The dialog box indicates the total number of proxy objects in the drawing (both graphical and nongraphical) and the name of the missing application and provides additional information about the proxy object type and display state.

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The following system variables should be set and are the default setting in the AutoDESK programs before any data/drawings are transferred:

The proxy graphics is set to 1. This specifies the image to be saved with the drawing.

The proxy notice is set to 1. This displays a warning on the host program.

The proxy show is set to 1. The graphic images are displayed on the host program for all proxy objects.

These setting can be verified by typing the following at the command prompt:

proxygraphics to set the proxy graphics proxynotice to set the proxy notice proxyshow to set the proxy show

3.3 STANDARD FONTS

All fonts used will be from the basic AutoCAD software. No other font styles will be acceptable.

Font/text size and placement will be in accordance with accepted drafting practices and be readable at an ANSI B size drawing.

3.4 SUBMISSION OF SURVEY DATA

All final drawings having survey data will be accompanied by supporting documentation. This is fully covered in Section 5, Deliverables and Data Exchange, of this manual. If completed with the AutoDesk Civil 3D application, all subdirectories will be delivered as per the AutoDesk Civil program/application setup.

3.5 RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPLIANCE

When the Project Manager or Lead Engineer requests or completes a survey, they will ensure that the Surveyor is sent a copy of this manual so that the files we receive are workable in the most recent even year of AutoCAD. Third party programs will be set up to comply with this manual.

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SECTION 4 - PREPARATION OF ENGINEERING DRAWINGS FOR AS-BUILT

CONDITIONS

4.1 DEFINITION

The term “As-Built Drawings” means drawings submitted by a construction contractor, A/E firm, or inspector which show the construction of a particular structure or work actually completed under the contract.

As-built drawings will be required for all construction projects managed by the Division.

Contractors shall be required to place “As-Built or Record Drawings” with the date of completion on the set of drawings before submitting the As-Builts for final payment.

4.2 AS-BUILT DRAWINGS COMPLETED BY AN A/E FIRM

At the Government’s option, an A/E firm may be responsible for the preparation of as-built drawings. The as-built drawings will be completed in electronic format as per the Division’s “Engineering Drawings and Computer Aided Drafting Standards Manual.”

4.3 AS-BUILT DRAWINGS COMPLETED BY A CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTOR

The construction contractor shall maintain at the job site full-size prints of the contract drawings, marked and dimensioned, to show all variations between what construction actually occurred and that indicated or specified in the contract documents, including buried or concealed construction and utilities, existing utility lines, and features revealed during the course of construction. The as-built drawings should accurately locate and record existing topographic features which differ from those shown on the contract drawings.

Where a choice of materials or methods is permitted in the specifications, where variations in scope or character of methods is permitted in the specifications, or where variations in scope or character of work from that of the original contract are authorized, the drawings should be marked to define what the construction contractor actually provided. The as-built drawings should include all deviations from the original contract drawings, such as distances, locations, elevations, equipment sizes or specifications, existing conditions that affected the construction and were not shown, and all other information to show the actual as-built condition.

The marked-up as-built drawings should use standard drafting practice to represent such changes and include such supplementary notes, legends, and details necessary to clearly portray the as-built construction. The as-built drawings should be marked in the following colors:

Red - Additions to the original drawings

Green - Deletions to the original drawings

Blue - Any notations necessary for as-built markings

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These drawings should be available for review by the Project Engineer/Manager at all times. Upon completion of the work, the marked-up prints will be certified as correct, submitted by the Contractor, and delivered to the Project Engineer/Manager. These prints will be given to the CAD Group of the Division. This set will be processed in accordance with policies and procedures set by the Division for proper filing and drawing management.

At the Government’s option, a construction contractor may be responsible for the preparation of electronic formatted as-built drawings. The as-built drawings will be completed in electronic format as per the Division’s Engineering Drawings and Computer Aided Drafting Standards Manual.

4.4 RESPONSIBILITY

The Project Engineer/Manager is responsible for the provision of as-built drawings through the A/E firm or construction contractor.

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