Attachment_2a_Sunflower_AAP_ESS_-_Draft_V1.pdf

EXPLOSIVES SAFETY SUBMISSION

Munitions and Explosives of Concern

Non-Time Critical Removal

Removal of Munitions and Explosives of Concern from Industrial Sewers, Foundation Slabs, and Select Foundation Footing Walls

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant Desoto, Kansas

April 2016

Prepared by CENWO-ED-GM

For

US ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS

Kansas City District, Kansas City, MO

Attachment 2a Draft ESS: This ESS is currenlty going through the approval process to replace Attachment 2b. NOTE: some figures are still being revised.

MEC Foundation and Inside Sewer Lines Removal Action Plan Former SFAAP, De Soto, Kansas i

1. BACKGROUND

1.1. Site Location

1.2. Site Description

1.2.1. Terrain and Vegetation

1.2.2. Soil Conditions

1.3. Site History

1.4. Current and Future Land Use

1.5. Project Area

1.5.1. General

1.5.2. Historical and Characterization Data Analysis

1.5.3. Selected Munitions Response Actions

1.6. Reason for Munitions and Explosives of Concern

1.7. Type of MEC

2. MAPS

3. EXPLOSIVE SAFETY QUANTITY DISTANCE

3.1. Munition with the Greatest Fragmentation Distance

3.3. Donor Explosives

3.3.1. Delivery and Inventory

3.3.2. Explosive Storage Magazines

3.4. Planned or Established Demolition Areas

3.5. Footprint Areas

3.5.1. Intentional Detonations

3.5.2. Collection Points

3.5.3. In-Grid Consolidation Shots

3.6. Maximum Credible Event

4. START DATE

5. MEC MIGRATION

6. DETECTION EQUIPMENT AND RESPONSE TECHNIQUES

6.1. Removal Depth

6.2. Detection Equipment

6.2.1. Colorimetric Field Test

6.2.2. Visual Inspection

6.3. Inspection Procedures

6.4. Exclusion Zone Control

6.5. Intrusive Investigation

6.6. Quality Control and Quality Assurance

7. DISPOSITION TECHNIQUES

ii

7.1. Demolition Operations

7.2. Explosive Storage, Accountability, and Transportation

7.3. MPPEH Procedures

7.4. Alternative Disposal Techniques

8. ENVIRONMENTAL, ECOLOGICAL, OR CULTURAL

CONSIDERATIONS

9. TECHNICAL SUPPORT

9.1. Military Support

10. RESIDUAL RISK MANAGEMENT

10.1. Land Use Controls

10.2. Long-Term Management

11. UXO SAFETY EDUCATION PROGRAM

12. STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT

13. CONTINGENCIES

Appendices Appendix A Maps

Appendix B Explosive Safety Distance Calculations and Fragmentation Data Review Forms

Appendix C List of FR1 Foundations and Foundation Walls by AOC and SWMU.

1. BACKGROUND

This document is an Explosive Safety Submission (ESS) for the Explosives Decontamination of Industrial Sewers, Slabs and Select Foundation Footing Walls at Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant (SFAAP), De Soto, KS. This ESS replaces the ESS dated February 2012 that was approved by the Department of Defense Explosive Safety Board (DDESB) on 06 March 2012.

The purpose of this ESS is to ensure all applicable Department of Defense (DoD) explosive safety standards are applied during the following operations:

• Removal of explosively contaminated sewers

• Removal of all remaining FR1 foundation slabs, interior piping and select FR1 foundation footing walls.

• Disassembly and inspection of the Cannon Range Tunnels (AOC 5)

The ESS has been prepared in accordance with EM 385-1-97, DA PAM 385-64, and DoD 6055.09-M.

1.1. SITE LOCATION

The Former Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant encompasses approximately 9,060 acres and is located near Desoto, Kansas in the northeast corner of Johnson County. The facility is located approximately 20 miles southwest of Kansas City, Kansas and 16 miles east of Lawrence, Kansas along Kansas Highway 10 (See Figure 1).

1.2. SITE DESCRIPTION

1.2.1. Terrain and Vegetation

SFAAP occupies a broad, upland ridge approximately two miles south of the Kansas River Valley. Maximum topographic relief across the SFAAP is approximately 190 feet, ranging from a low of 770 feet above mean sea level (msl) along Kill Creek in the northeastern corner of the SFAAP, to a high of 960 feet above msl in the south-central area. The upland ridge trends north-south across the central part of the SFAAP. The ridge slopes gently from a high of 960 feet above msl at the north and south ends of the SFAAP, towards a low of approximately 910 feet above msl at the center of the SFAAP. Topography away from the ridge slopes steeply toward Captain Creek on the west side and Spoon Creek and Kill Creek on the east side. Many areas of the property have been or are currently leased for non-military uses, such as livestock grazing, agricultural research, and light industrial use. The terrain and vegetation is not expected to hinder MEC removal actions.

1.2.2. Soil Conditions

The soil conditions within the SFAAP will not hinder removal actions.

1.3. SITE HISTORY

SFAAP was a government-owned, contractor operated military installation that was built in 1942 and operations began in 1943 to manufacture smokeless powder and propellants for small arms, cannons, and rockets. Propellant products manufactured at Sunflower AAP were based on the formulations containing from one to three base explosives; Nitrocellulose (NC), Nitroglycerine (NG), and Nitroguanidine (NQ). The NC and NG needed for propellant production were manufactured at Sunflower AAP from 1943 to 1971. The NQ needed for propellant production was manufactured at Sunflower AAP from 1984 to 1992. Due to the manufacture of NC, NG, and NQ and propellant, much of the facility contained chemical process equipment. The industrial/storm sewers and acid sewers were used to transfer explosively laden water/acids to settling basins or to chemical re-concentration equipment.

The Cannon Range Tunnels (AOC 5) were used to fire inert projectiles as part of the quality control testing for the propellant manufactured at SFAAP.

Buildings and equipment contaminated with explosives have been thermally decontaminated and removed. This process started in 1974 and was completed in 2011. As part of this process the interior sewer pipes were flashed using detonating cord. Removal and decontamination of some foundations and sewers has occurred but progress was halted in 2011 due to contract expiration.

1.4. CURRENT AND FUTURE LAND USE

Many areas of the SFAAP have been previously (or are currently) leased for non-military uses, such as livestock grazing, agricultural research, and light industry. Future land use is anticipated to be developed into a planned community incorporating a mix of light industry, business, multi-and single-family residences, retail, and agricultural research with ~3,450 acres of green space woven throughout the property.

1.5. PROJECT AREA

1.5.1. General

Section 1.1 and Table 1-1 describe the areas of Sunflower AAP that is covered by this ESS. A map of the project areas is given in Figure 2. This ESS covers the munitions response actions for the sewer removal and decontamination, removal of remaining foundation slabs, removal of foundation footing walls, and decontamination of the Cannon Range Tunnels. A Site Specific Final Report will be completed for the decontamination of each of the 17 AOC/SWMU’s and the 29 buildings located outside of the established AOC’s and SWMU’s. Once all decontamination has been completed, an After Action Report will be submitted to consolidate the data from the Site Specific Final Reports.

1.5.2. Historical and Characterization Data Analysis

Through the performance of RCRA Facility Investigations (RFIs) pursuant to the RCRA Corrective Action Program, SWMUs and AOCs have been created within Sunflower AAP. The scope of previous investigations varied from limited sampling to full scope investigations. There are a total of four AOC’s, thirteen SWMU’s and twenty-six additional buildings that have been determined to have explosive contamination.

1.5.3. Selected Munitions Response Actions

Table 1-1 summarizes the munitions response actions and AOC’s at Sunflower AAP.

Table 1-1 Summary of Munitions Response Actions

AOC/SWMU Explosive Present Buildings Work Conducted

AOC 5 Propellant Bldg 303

See Figure

Removal/inspection/sampling of soil and inert projectiles. Inspection and certification of Cannon Range Tunnels as free of explosive hazards.

AOC 12 Propellant

See Appendix C for list of Buildings and Figures 3 – 11

Explosively contaminated buildings and equipment have been thermally treated and removed.

Work to be conducted is

• Removal of explosively contaminated sewers

• Removal of all remaining FR1 foundation slabs, interior piping

• Removal of select FR1 foundation footing walls

AOC 16 Nitrocellulose (NC)

AOC 17 Nitroguanidine (NQ)

SWMU 8, 13, 14,

17, 26, 31, 43, 46, 48, 59, 65, and 67

Propellant

SWMU 24 Nitroglycerine (NG)

Locations outside of established AOC’s and SWMU’s

Propellant

1.6. REASON FOR MUNITIONS AND EXPLOSIVES OF CONCERN

Due to past production activities at the SFAAP, portions of the property are explosively contaminated. Environmental investigations have indicated that the suspected contaminants of concern (COCs) are propellant and propellant constituents including nitrocellulose (NC), nitroglycerin (NG), and Nitroguanidine (NQ). Based on previous decontamination efforts, explosives are suspected to remain in the sewers and under the foundations. Unburnt propellant from firing inert projectiles at the Cannon Range Tunnels may be present at AOC 5.

1.7. TYPE OF MEC

Propellant, Nitrocellulose (NC), Nitroglycerine (NG), and Nitroguanidine (NQ) are expected to be in the sewers and under the foundations of buildings at Sunflower AAP. See Table 1-1 for the suspected explosive at each location. Unburnt propellant from firing inert projectiles at the Cannon Range Tunnels may be present at AOC 5.

2. MAPS

See Appendix A for all maps. Figure 1 shows the general site location while Figure 2 presents the location of the 17 AOC’s/SWMU’s on Sunflower AAP. Figures 3 thru 12 present the explosive safety quantity distance arcs and temporary disposal area quantity distance safety arcs.

3. EXPLOSIVE SAFETY QUANTITY DISTANCE

3.1. MUNITION WITH THE GREATEST FRAGMENTATION DISTANCE

There are no military ordnance items associated with this project; Munition with the Greatest Fragmentation Distance (MGFD) is not applicable.

For the purposes of hardening equipment, all equipment will meet the hardening requirements for the M21 AT mine. The M21 Mine was selected based on the worst case scenario for an unintentional detonation of encased explosives. See Appendix B for the Fragmentation Data Review Form.

3.2. MEC AREAS

The Maximum Credible Event (MCE) and Minimum Separation Distances (MSD) for each of the operations are shown in Table 3-1.

Table 3-1 MCE and Minimum Safe Distances1

Operation MCE2 Type Explosive

Unintentional Intentional

K-183 K-244 K-405 K328

Foundation/Slab/Interior Piping Removal, Exterior Sewers after Inspection, Blending of Explosive Soil

5 lbs.

Nitroglycerine 36’ 47’ 78’ 666’6 Propellant 31’ 41’ 69’ 597’6 Nitroguanidine 29’ 38’ 64’ 558’6 Nitrocellulose 25’ 33’ 55’ 499’6

Venting / Removal of Exterior Sewer Pipes Uninspected lbs.

Nitroglycerine 158’ 210’ 350’ 2870’6 Propellant 138’ 184’ 307’ 2523’6 Nitroguanidine 128’ 170’ 284’ 2336’6 Nitrocellulose 110’ 146’ 244’ 2011’6

Foundation/Slab/Interior Piping, and exterior sewers after inspection and removal of all visible explosives

1 lb.

Nitroglycerine 21’ 28’ 46’ 414’6 Propellant 18’ 24’ 40’ 374’6 Nitroguanidine 17’ 23’ 37’ 358’6 Nitrocellulose 15’ 19’ 32’ 328’6

Cannon Range Tunnel Decontamination

.25 lb. Propellant 12’ 16’ 26’ 260’6

Intentional Burning of Recovered Bulk Explosive / Thermal Decontamination of Piping/Debris lbs. N/A N/A N/A N/A 1250’7

Notes:

1 See Appendix B for MSD calculations.

2 Calculated MCE for each of the operations listed

3 For personnel using double hearing protection and shielded during mechanized operations.

4 For personnel using hearing protection and shielded during mechanized operations.

5 Team Separation distance for mechanized operations and MSD for Non-Essential Personnel 6For Disposal by detonation and explosive venting 7 IAW DoDM 6055.09-M, V5.E3.1.2 for burning/thermal treatment operations is 1250 feet

If during the course of the removal action a larger MCE is determined, the minimum separation distances (MSDs) will be adjusted in accordance with Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board (DDESB) Technical Paper (TP) 16, operations will continue, and an amendment to this ESS will be submitted for approval (a copy of the amended document will be available on-site).

Q-D arcs will be adjusted accordingly.

The MSD restrictions from MEC areas to non-essential personnel will be applied during all removal and decontamination activities.

3.3. DONOR EXPLOSIVES

3.3.1. Delivery and Inventory

Upon the arrival of the explosives, a 100-percent inventory will be completed. Inventories will be documented in the daily reports and discrepancies, if found, will be reported to the appropriate authorities.

3.3.2. Explosive Storage Magazines

Donor explosives utilized during thermal decontamination (TD) operations discussed in this ESS will be stored on site. A portable ATF approved Type 2, Class ABC, magazine will be utilized for proper storage of demo material (donor explosives) at SFAAP (Figure 12). The portable magazine will be sited inside of Earth Covered Magazine (ECM) 610-11. ECM 610-11 is currently permitted for explosives storage by ATF. The magazine(s) will comply with ATF Pamphlet 5400.7 and EM 385-1-97. The total net explosive weight (NEW) stored will not exceed 150 pounds. The Inhabited Building Distance (IBD) is 500 feet to the front and 250 feet to the side and rear and the Public Transportation Route Distance (PTRD) is 300 feet to the front and 150 feet to the side and rear per DoDM 6055.09-M, V3.E3.T1.

3.4. PLANNED OR ESTABLISHED DEMOLITION AREAS

Temporary burn pads to be used for the disposal of acceptable to move recovered explosives and TD of material are located within several of the AOCs/SWMU’s. Each is sited for a maximum NEW of 4000 lbs. for conducting disposal by burning and thermal decontamination operations.

See Figures (3 – 11) in Appendix A for the burn pad locations and associated ESQD arcs; the minimum safe distance IAW DoDM 6055.09-M, V5.E3.1.2 for burning/thermal treatment operations is 1250 feet.

All recovered bulk explosives and material requiring thermal decontamination will be treated within the confines of the burn pad located within the AOC/SWMU it was recovered in using procedures outlined in Site SOPs, Work Plans and Engineer Manual (EM) 385-1-97, and EP 1110-1-17.

3.5. FOOTPRINT AREAS

3.5.1. Intentional Detonations, Burning and Thermal Decontamination

The intentional detonation/burning MSDs are presented in Table 3-1 and the calculations are provided in Appendix B. Explosives encountered during this removal action that have been determined to be unacceptable to move by the Senior Unexploded Ordnance Supervisor (SUXOS) or Unexploded Ordnance Safety Officer (UXOSO) will be disposed of in place. The exception is when technically qualified personnel who are performing the functions of SUXOS and UXOSO determine that the risk associated with movement is acceptable, and movement is necessary for the protection of people, property, or critical assets, or the efficiency of the activities being conducted. In such cases, the SUXOS and UXOSO responsible for the MEC activities may evaluate the explosives and authorize its movement within the sited AOC/SWMU.

MEC that have been determined acceptable to move by the SUXOS and UXOSO may be relocated within the sited AOC/SWMU for disposal.

The UXOSO will ensure that appropriate MSDs for non-essential and essential personnel are properly established and maintained in accordance with the approved ESS. The MSDs for unintentional detonations and intentional disposal operations are located in Table 3-1. Figures 3 - 11 (Appendix A) illustrates the Q-D arcs for each AOC.

Explosives operations will be supervised by the SUXOS. MEC disposal activities will be conducted using qualified UXO personnel in accordance with DDESB TP 18. All explosives operations will follow the procedures outlined in Site SOPs, Work Plans and Engineer Manual (EM) 385-1-97, Explosives Safety and Health Requirements Manual.

MEC disposal operations may be conducted on a daily basis if required. MEC will be guarded until disposed or, if it has been determined acceptable to move relocated to a sited burn pad within the AOC/SWMU where it will be held temporarily until disposal. The SUXOS will make appropriate notifications prior to any MEC disposal operations.

3.5.2. Collection Points

Collection points are those areas used to temporarily accumulate MEC pending disposal. The maximum net explosive weight (NEW) at a collection point will be limited such that the K40 overpressure distance for the total NEW does not exceed the unintentional detonation exclusion zone in place for the area.

3.5.3. In-AOC Consolidation Shots

If determined acceptable to move by the SUXOS and UXOSO, consolidating MEC within the sited AOC is anticipated for this project. The maximum net explosive weight (NEW) for a consolidated shot will be limited such that the K328 overpressure distance for the total NEW (including donor charges) does not exceed the MSD for the intentional detonation.

3.6. MAXIMUM CREDIBLE EVENT

The previous removal of foundation slabs revealed the presence of formulated propellant in the form of paste, chips, and small grains.

The previous removal of explosive sewers revealed the presence of formulated propellant in the form of paste, chips, and pieces of sheets and grains.

See Table 3-1 for the estimated MCE for each operation to be conducted.

Following the removal of the below grade piping and foundations the soil will be inspected for stained soils or bulk explosives. Potentially explosive contaminated soil will be tested for explosives concentrations.

4. START DATE

The anticipated project start date is May 2016.

5. MEC MIGRATION

There is no credible pathway for MEC migration for this project.

6. DETECTION EQUIPMENT AND RESPONSE TECHNIQUES

6.1. REMOVAL DEPTH

Sewer pipes will be removed, foundation slabs and foundation footing walls will be removed, and the Cannon Range Tunnel will be decontaminated.

6.2. DETECTION EQUIPMENT

Visual inspection, supplemented by colorimetric tests (DropEX/EXPRAY) will be used to determine the presence of explosives hazards.

6.2.1. Colorimetric Field Test

Drop EX/EXPRAY may be used to verify the presence of explosive residue. Testing will be conducted IAW the manufacturer’s instructions.

6.2.2. Visual Inspection

Visual Inspections will be conducted IAW PAM 385-64, Chapter 19 and EM 385-1-97, Chapter 1, Section 5.

6.3. INSPECTION PROCEDURES

6.3.1. Foundation Slab, Interior Sewer and Footing Wall Removal

The foundations of the structures previously demolished by thermal decontamination were explosives and propellant production or storage facilities. Nitrocellulose (NC), Nitroglycerin (NG), Nitroguanidine (NQ), or propellant were manufactured or processed in these buildings.

They consist of foundation slabs, interior piping, and foundation walls.

A visual inspection for explosives will be conducted and any explosives removed. The foundation will then be soaked with water to desensitize any explosives that may be within cracks and openings.

A manned, shielded excavator will then be utilized to remove the foundation slab, interior piping and footing walls as required. This is a low input mechanized MEC operation, all personnel will be outside of the K-40 distance and the excavator will have a boom length sufficient to ensure that the K-18 distance listed in Table 3-1 is observed for the operator.

Once removed, the debris/piping will be inspected for the presence of explosive residues unless previously identified as explosively contaminated. All explosively contaminated debris/piping will undergo thermal decontamination within the sited AOC/SWMU and then be reinspected.

6.3.2. Sump Removal

To facilitate demolition and removal of collection sumps (to include NG sumps), water/sludge contained in them will be removed, characterized and disposed of accordingly.

Empty sumps will be inspected for explosives and any explosives removed.

A manned, shielded excavator will be utilized to remove the sump. This is a low input mechanized MEC operation, all personnel will be outside of the K-40 distance and the excavator will have a boom length sufficient to ensure that the K-18 distance listed in Table 3-1 is observed for the operator.

6.3.3. Once removed, the debris will be inspected for the presence of explosive residues unless previously identified as explosively contaminated. All explosively contaminated debris will undergo thermal decontamination within the sited AOC/SWMU and then be reinspected. Outside Sewer Removal

The sewer lines at SFAAP consist of vitrified clay piping (VCP), metal piping, and concrete piping, and are found primarily below grade. The process will include sewer/piping exposure, sewer disassembly and inspection, sewer removal, and thermal decontamination

Sections of underground piping will be exposed in lengths up to 200 feet by utilizing a manned, hardened excavator to remove the soil overburden. Operators will not impact suspect energetic soils with excavation equipment. After the piping is exposed, the Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) personnel will gain access to the interior of the piping using remote means (Robotic EMM, Remote Saw, or Explosive Venting). Upon gaining access, UXO personnel will visually inspect the interior of the piping and remove any significant explosives present.

If unable to complete the removal of explosives from sewer piping the MCE for the operation will remain at 450 lbs. and the applicable MSD will be maintained. This is a low input mechanized MEC operation, all personnel will be outside of the K-40 distance. In order to meet the K-18 distances listed in Table 3-1 a Robotic EMM will be utilized to remove the piping.

Once the sufficient explosives have been removed from a section of piping to reduce the MCE to 5 lbs. or to where no visible explosives remain (1 lbs. MCE) hardened EMM will be utilized to remove that section of piping. This is a low input mechanized MEC operation, all personnel will be outside of the K-40 distance and the excavator will have a boom length sufficient to ensure that the K-18 distance listed in Table 3-1 is observed for the operator.

Once removed, the piping will be inspected for the presence of explosive residues unless previously identified as explosively contaminated. All explosively contaminated piping will undergo thermal decontamination within the sited AOC/SWMU and then be reinspected.

6.3.4. Cannon Range Tunnels

Cannon Range Tunnels, located in the Proving Grounds will undergo disassembly and inspection to remove any potential explosive hazards. The soil will be screened to recover any Wholly Inert Projectiles (WIP). Rounds fired into the tunnels were from 0.5” (12.7mm) to 4.14” (105mm).

All metallic debris will be visually inspected by the UXO personnel for explosive hazards. All metallic items and WIP will be thermally decontaminated, and demilitarized within the AOC as necessary, and certified as MDAS prior to release to the public.

Soil within the Cannon Range Tunnels will be tested for the presence of explosives. If the laboratory soil testing identifies an explosive contamination level at or above 10% by weight, the explosive soil will be decontaminated by blending with clean soil to below 10% explosives by weight and disposed of at an approved landfill.

The interior surfaces of the concrete tunnels will be inspected for the presence of explosives. If the presence of explosives is found, the Cannon Range Tunnels will undergo thermal decontamination and then be reinspected.

6.3.5. Soils Testing

Following the removal of foundations, sumps and below grade piping, the excavation floor will be inspected for stained soils or bulk explosives. Potentially explosive contaminated soil will be tested for explosives concentrations. Any bulk explosives found will be removed and taken to a designated Temporary Burn Pad within the sited AOC for thermal decontamination.

If the above mentioned soil testing identifies an explosive contamination level at or above 10% by weight, the explosive soil will be decontaminated by blending with surrounding soil to below 10% by weight and disposed of at an approved landfill or treated on site. Explosive soil will be thoroughly wetted with water to desensitize explosives prior to blending. This is a low input mechanized MEC operation, all personnel will be outside of the K-40 distance and the excavator will have a boom length sufficient to ensure that the K-18 distance listed in Table 3-1 is observed for the operator.

6.4. EXCLUSION ZONE CONTROL

All non-essential personnel will be evacuated from the EZ and will remain outside the EZ until all MEC operations are completed. Once MEC operations commence, positive control of the EZ will be maintained and only essential personnel will be allowed inside the EZ. Any occupied buildings or public transportation routes in the MSD areas will be evacuated and/or roadway blocked during MEC-related operations to prevent non-essential personnel from entering the area.

6.5. INTRUSIVE INVESTIGATION

Gross explosive contamination found will be desensitized by soaking with water, removed and transported to the burn pad within the sited AOC for disposal.

If MEC or MEC-related items (other than explosive residue) are discovered during project operations, all operations will stop until the item is identified. Every effort will be made to identify the item. If MEC with a greater fragmentation/blast distance is encountered, the MSD will be adjusted IAW Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board (DDESB) Technical Paper 16. Operations will continue, and an amendment to this ESS will be submitted for approval (a copy of this document will be available on site at all times). Q-D arcs will be adjusted accordingly.

6.6. QUALITY CONTROL AND QUALITY ASSURANCE

Quality control (QC) will be the responsibility of the UXO Quality Control Specialist (UXOQCS). The UXOQCS will implement a three-phase control inspection process (Preparatory, Initial and Follow-up) for MEC-related definable features of work to ensure compliance with established procedures, applicable guidance documents and work plans.

The UXOQCS will conduct final random acceptance sampling inspections on all completed work. The contractor’s QC Plan (QCP) will include criteria for acceptance and non-acceptance.

Work that is QC accepted after final acceptance inspections will be submitted to the USACE Ordnance and Explosive Safety Specialist (OESS) or delegated onsite Army representative for quality assurance (QA) inspection. Product that is not accepted by QC will not be released to the

USACE OESS for inspection, but will be documented as a non-conformance requiring corrective action and preventative action to prevent recurrence. The non-conformance disposition process will be included in the QCP. All QC activities will be documented on Daily QC Reports which will be provided to the on-site USACE OESS or delegated onsite Army representative.

QA will be monitored by the on-site USACE OESS or delegated onsite Army representative who will evaluate field activities to verify that the approved Work Plan is being followed. QA audits and inspections will be performed in accordance with established USACE guidelines.

7. DISPOSITION TECHNIQUES

7.1. DEMOLITION OPERATIONS

All explosives operations will be supervised by the SUXOS and coordinated with the on-site USACE OESS. All explosives operations will follow the procedures outlined in Site SOPs, Work Plans and EM 385-1-97.

7.2. EXPLOSIVE STORAGE, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND TRANSPORTATION

MEC disposal operations will be performed daily or items properly guarded until operations can be conducted. Donor explosives will be stored in a separate Type II magazine shown in Appendix A, Figure12. Total control of explosives will be maintained while they are on-site.

All vehicles transporting explosives will be properly inspected, equipped and placarded prior to the loading of explosives onto the vehicle. Transportation of donor explosives will be conducted in accordance with applicable sections of 49 CFR Part 397.

7.3. MPPEH PROCEDURES

MPPEH procedures will be in accordance with DoD Instruction 4140.62 and EM 385-1-97. All MPPEH will be assessed and its explosives safety status determined and documented prior to transfer within DoD or release from DoD control. Prior to release to the public, MPPEH will be documented by authorized and technically qualified personnel as Material Documented as Safe (MDAS) after 100% inspection and an independent 100% re-inspection to determine that it is safe from an explosives safety perspective.

7.4. ALTERNATIVE DISPOSAL TECHNIQUES

No off-site destruction of recovered MEC is anticipated for this removal action. All disposal of explosives will occur within the sited AOC’s and SWMU’s. No other disposal techniques are anticipated.

8. ENVIRONMENTAL, ECOLOGICAL, OR CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS

No environmental or ecological (e.g., endangered species) considerations have impacted the selection of the removal actions identified in this ESS.

9. TECHNICAL SUPPORT

9.1. Military Support

No chemical warfare material (CWM) is suspected at this site. However, if a munition with unknown filler is found, or if a MEC item cannot be positively identified, the on-site USACE project team will notify the local point of contact (POC) as designated in the work plan. The local POC will contact and facilitate Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) response. If the local POC is not the local law enforcement agent, he/she will notify the local enforcement agency of the discovery, which will contact EOD. If the item is Recovered CWM (RCWM) or has unknown liquid filler, the on-site USACE project team will notify the Chemical Warfare Design Center (CWM-DC) at USAESCH by calling (256) 895-1290/1621. If immediate response is required after duty hours contact the 20th CRBNE at (410) 436-6200.

9.2. Contractor

On-site contractor UXO personnel will meet the training and minimum experience required by USACE and in accordance with DDESB TP 18. MEC removal activities will be conducted by qualified UXO personnel. Oversight and site control will be maintained by the SUXOS, UXOSO, and the UXOQCS. Each UXO team will be supervised by a UXO Technician III.

10. RESIDUAL RISK MANAGEMENT

10.1. Land Use Controls

As of 5 August 2005, the DA transferred all of SFAAP to Sunflower Redevelopment LLC (SRL), prior to the completion of explosive decontamination.

The land transfer was complemented by deed restrictions to ensure that explosive decontamination is effectively accomplished. The Land Use Restriction in place for explosive hazards is that the land cannot be developed, and intrusive activities are banned on tracts designated as containing explosive hazards. The only land use allowed while the Land Use Restriction is in place is for agricultural purposes.

10.2. LONG-TERM MANAGEMENT

The need for and the appropriate form of any required long-term management will be evaluated after all response activities have been completed.

11. UXO SAFETY EDUCATION PROGRAM

There is no ongoing UXO safety education program for Sunflower AAP.

12. STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT

Public meetings will be held prior to points where Corrective Measures Decisions are made.

13. CONTINGENCIES

No contingencies have been identified at this time.

Appendix A Maps

WichitaWichita

Kansas CityKansas City

KSKS

MOMO

COCO

OKOK

NENE

DATA COMPILED: March 2016

PROJECTION: NAD83 STATE PLANE

KANSAS NORTH FIPS 1501 ±

Disclaimer: The United States Government and USACE furnishes this data and the recipient accepts and uses it with the express understanding that the Government makes no warranties, expressed, or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, usability, or suitability for any particular purpose of the information and data furnished. The United States shall be under no liability whatsoever to any person by reason of any use made thereof. Data displayed on this map are approximations derived from GIS layers and should not be used in place of survey data or legal land descriptions.

1.5 0 1.5 30.75 Miles

Imagery Source: National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP), USDA-FSA, 2015

Figure 1 Vicinity Map

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant

!. City

Interstate Highway

US Highway

State Highway

Major Road

¬«10

§̈¦70

5 0 5 102.5 Miles

Imagery Source: ESRI World Imagery Basemap layer that may include any combination of these sources: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant De Soto, Kansas

£¤169

Lenexa

OlatheHesper

Eudora De Soto

Lawrence

Overland Park Linwood

¬«10

143rd St

103rd St Edgerton Rd

Ki ll C re ek

R d

83rd St

Le xin gto n A ve

De Soto

Clearview City

§̈¦70

£¤40

¬«10

£¤59

¬«10

¬«32 £¤40

§̈¦35

§̈¦435¬«7

£¤69

£¤56 £¤169

DATA COMPILED: March 2016

PROJECTION: The source data for this map did not define a projection nor a coordinate system. While the location of the features, based on provided cartesian coordinates, resembles a NAD83 Kansas North State Plane system, the data does not conform to any real geographic location.

This map should be used for visual purposes only.

Disclaimer: The United States Government and USACE furnishes this data and the recipient accepts and uses it with the express understanding that the Government makes no warranties, expressed, or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, usability, or suitability for any particular purpose of the information and data furnished. The United States shall be under no liability whatsoever to any person by reason of any use made thereof. Data displayed on this map are approximations derived from GIS layers and should not be used in place of survey data or legal land descriptions.

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant De Soto, Kansas

1 0 1 20.5 Miles

AOC 17 displayed in

FIGURE 3

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant Boundary

Facility Features (buildings, roads, etc.)

Area Displayed within Figure

Area of Concern (AOC)

Solid Waste Management Unit (SWMU)

!( Building of Concern Outside of AOC/SWMU

Figure 2 Key to Figures

SWMU 26 displayed in

FIGURE 4

AOC 16 displayed in

FIGURE 5

SWMU 24 displayed in

FIGURE 8

AOC 5 and SWMU14 displayed in

FIGURE 11

SWMUs 13 and 67 displayed in

FIGURE 10

SWMUs 17, 31, and 43 displayed in

FIGURE 7

Explosive Storage Magazine displayed in

FIGURE 12

SWMUs 8, 46, 48, 59, and 65 displayed in

FIGURE 6

AOC 12 displayed in

FIGURE 9

Disclaimer: The United States Government and USACE furnishes this data and the recipient accepts and uses it with the express understanding that the Government makes no warranties, expressed, or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, usability, or suitability for any particular purpose of the information and data furnished. The United States shall be under no liability whatsoever to any person by reason of any use made thereof. Data displayed on this map are approximations derived from GIS layers and should not be used in place of survey data or legal land descriptions.

1,200 0 1,200 2,400600 Feet

Figure 3

AOC 17

PROJECTION: The source data for this map did not define a projection nor a coordinate system. While the location of the features, based on provided cartesian coordinates, resembles a NAD83 Kansas North State Plane system, the data does not conform to any real geographic location.

This map should be used for visual purposes only.

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant De Soto, Kansas

5 lb MCE = Foundation Removal; 450 lb MCE = Sewer Venting/Removal

1 lb MCE K40 = 46'

5 lb MCE K40 = 64'

450 lb MCE K40 = 284'

1 lb MCE K328 = 414'

5 lb MCE K328 = 558'

450 lb MCE K328 = 2336'

Area of Concern (AOC)

Sunflower AAP Boundary

Facility Features (buildings, roads, etc.)

Sewer Line of Concern

Burn Pad

Disclaimer: The United States Government and USACE furnishes this data and the recipient accepts and uses it with the express understanding that the Government makes no warranties, expressed, or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, usability, or suitability for any particular purpose of the information and data furnished. The United States shall be under no liability whatsoever to any person by reason of any use made thereof. Data displayed on this map are approximations derived from GIS layers and should not be used in place of survey data or legal land descriptions.

Area of Concern (AOC)

Sunflower AAP Boundary

Facility Features (buildings, roads, etc.)

Sewer Line of Concern

Burn Pad

Figure 5

AOC 16

PROJECTION: The source data for this map did not define a projection nor a coordinate system. While the location of the features, based on provided cartesian coordinates, resembles a NAD83 Kansas North State Plane system, the data does not conform to any real geographic location.

This map should be used for visual purposes only.

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant De Soto, Kansas00

5 lb MCE = Foundation Removal; 450 lb MCE = Sewer Venting/Removal

1,500 0 1,500750 Feet

Arcs from sewer lines that extend beyond the arcs of AOC 16:

1 lb MCE K40 = 40'

5 lb MCE K40 = 69'

450 lb MCE K40 = 307'

1 lb MCE K328 = 328'

5 lb MCE K328 = 597'

450 lb MCE K328 = 2523'

1 lb MCE K40 = 32'

5 lb MCE K40 = 55'

450 lb MCE K40 = 244'

1 lb MCE K328 = 328'

5 lb MCE K328 = 499'

450 lb MCE K328 = 2011'

Disclaimer: The United States Government and USACE furnishes this data and the recipient accepts and uses it with the express understanding that the Government makes no warranties, expressed, or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, usability, or suitability for any particular purpose of the information and data furnished. The United States shall be under no liability whatsoever to any person by reason of any use made thereof. Data displayed on this map are approximations derived from GIS layers and should not be used in place of survey data or legal land descriptions.

Figure 4

SWMU 26

PROJECTION: The source data for this map did not define a projection nor a coordinate system. While the location of the features, based on provided cartesian coordinates, resembles a NAD83 Kansas North State Plane system, the data does not conform to any real geographic location.

This map should be used for visual purposes only.

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant De Soto, Kansas

2,000 0 2,0001,000 Feet

Solid Waste Management Unit (SWMU)

Sunflower AAP Boundary

Facility Features (buildings, roads, etc.)

Sewer Line of Concern

Burn Pad

1 lb MCE K40 = 40'

5 lb MCE K40 = 69'

450 lb MCE K40 = 307'

1 lb MCE K328 = 328'

5 lb MCE K328 = 597'

450 lb MCE K328 = 2523'

5 lb MCE = Foundation Removal; 450 lb MCE = Sewer Venting/Removal

Disclaimer: The United States Government and USACE furnishes this data and the recipient accepts and uses it with the express understanding that the Government makes no warranties, expressed, or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, usability, or suitability for any particular purpose of the information and data furnished. The United States shall be under no liability whatsoever to any person by reason of any use made thereof. Data displayed on this map are approximations derived from GIS layers and should not be used in place of survey data or legal land descriptions.

Figure 6 SWMUs 8, 46, 48, 59, and 65

PROJECTION: The source data for this map did not define a projection nor a coordinate system. While the location of the features, based on provided cartesian coordinates, resembles a NAD83 Kansas North State Plane system, the data does not conform to any real geographic location.

This map should be used for visual purposes only.

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant De Soto, Kansas

5 lb MCE = Foundation Removal; 450 lb MCE = Sewer Venting/Removal

1 lb MCE K40 = 40'

5 lb MCE K40 = 69'

450 lb MCE K40 = 307'

1 lb MCE K328 = 328'

5 lb MCE K328 = 597'

450 lb MCE K328 = 2523'

1,500 0 1,500750 Feet

Solid Waste Management Unit (SWMU)

Sunflower AAP Boundary

Facility Features (buildings, roads, etc.)

Sewer Line of Concern

Burn Pad

Building of Concern Outside of AOC or SWMU

Disclaimer: The United States Government and USACE furnishes this data and the recipient accepts and uses it with the express understanding that the Government makes no warranties, expressed, or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, usability, or suitability for any particular purpose of the information and data furnished. The United States shall be under no liability whatsoever to any person by reason of any use made thereof. Data displayed on this map are approximations derived from GIS layers and should not be used in place of survey data or legal land descriptions.

1 lb MCE K40 = 40'

5 lb MCE K40 = 69'

450 lb MCE K40 = 307'

1 lb MCE K328 = 328'

5 lb MCE K328 = 597'

450 lb MCE K328 = 2523'

Figure 7 SWMUs 17, 31, and 43

PROJECTION: The source data for this map did not define a projection nor a coordinate system. While the location of the features, based on provided cartesian coordinates, resembles a NAD83 Kansas North State Plane system, the data does not conform to any real geographic location.

This map should be used for visual purposes only.

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant De Soto, Kansas

5 lb MCE = Foundation Removal; 450 lb MCE = Sewer Venting/Removal

1,600 0 1,600800 Feet

Solid Waste Management Unit (SWMU)

Sunflower AAP Boundary

Facility Features (buildings, roads, etc.)

Sewer Line of Concern

Burn Pad

Disclaimer: The United States Government and USACE furnishes this data and the recipient accepts and uses it with the express understanding that the Government makes no warranties, expressed, or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, usability, or suitability for any particular purpose of the information and data furnished. The United States shall be under no liability whatsoever to any person by reason of any use made thereof. Data displayed on this map are approximations derived from GIS layers and should not be used in place of survey data or legal land descriptions.

Solid Waste Management Unit (SWMU)

Sunflower AAP Boundary

Facility Features (buildings, roads, etc.)

Sewer Line of Concern

Burn Pad

Building of Concern Outside of AOC or SWMU

Figure 8

SWMU 24

PROJECTION: The source data for this map did not define a projection nor a coordinate system. While the location of the features, based on provided cartesian coordinates, resembles a NAD83 Kansas North State Plane system, the data does not conform to any real geographic location.

This map should be used for visual purposes only.

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant De Soto, Kansas

5 lb MCE = Foundation Removal; 450 lb MCE = Sewer Venting/Removal

1,500 0 1,500750 Feet

Arcs from sewer lines and buildings that are beyond the arcs of SWMU 24:

1 lb MCE K40 = 40'

5 lb MCE K40 = 69'

450 lb MCE K40 = 307'

1 lb MCE K328 = 328'

5 lb MCE K328 = 597'

450 lb MCE K328 = 2523'

1 lb MCE K40 = 32'

5 lb MCE K40 = 78'

450 lb MCE K40 = 350'

1 lb MCE K328 = 328'

5 lb MCE K328 = 666'

450 lb MCE K328 = 2870'

Disclaimer: The United States Government and USACE furnishes this data and the recipient accepts and uses it with the express understanding that the Government makes no warranties, expressed, or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, usability, or suitability for any particular purpose of the information and data furnished. The United States shall be under no liability whatsoever to any person by reason of any use made thereof. Data displayed on this map are approximations derived from GIS layers and should not be used in place of survey data or legal land descriptions.

Area of Concern (AOC)

Sunflower AAP Boundary

Facility Features (buildings, roads, etc.)

Sewer Line of Concern

Building of Concern Outside of AOC or SWMU

Figure 9

AOC 12

PROJECTION: The source data for this map did not define a projection nor a coordinate system. While the location of the features, based on provided cartesian coordinates, resembles a NAD83 Kansas North State Plane system, the data does not conform to any real geographic location.

This map should be used for visual purposes only.

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant De Soto, Kansas00

5 lb MCE = Foundation Removal; 450 lb MCE = Sewer Venting/Removal

1,500 0 1,500 3,000750 Feet

1 lb MCE K40 = 40'

5 lb MCE K40 = 69'

450 lb MCE K40 = 307'

1 lb MCE K328 = 328'

5 lb MCE K328 = 597'

Disclaimer: The United States Government and USACE furnishes this data and the recipient accepts and uses it with the express understanding that the Government makes no warranties, expressed, or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, usability, or suitability for any particular purpose of the information and data furnished. The United States shall be under no liability whatsoever to any person by reason of any use made thereof. Data displayed on this map are approximations derived from GIS layers and should not be used in place of survey data or legal land descriptions.

Figure 10 SWMUs 13 and 67

PROJECTION: The source data for this map did not define a projection nor a coordinate system. While the location of the features, based on provided cartesian coordinates, resembles a NAD83 Kansas North State Plane system, the data does not conform to any real geographic location.

This map should be used for visual purposes only.

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant De Soto, Kansas

5 lb MCE = Foundation Removal; 450 lb MCE = Sewer Venting/Removal

1,200 0 1,200600 Feet

Solid Waste Management Unit (SWMU)

Sunflower AAP Boundary

Facility Features (buildings, roads, etc.)

Sewer Line of Concern

Burn Pad

1 lb MCE K40 = 40'

5 lb MCE K40 = 69'

450 lb MCE K40 = 307'

1 lb MCE K328 = 328'

5 lb MCE K328 = 597'

Disclaimer: The United States Government and USACE furnishes this data and the recipient accepts and uses it with the express understanding that the Government makes no warranties, expressed, or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, usability, or suitability for any particular purpose of the information and data furnished. The United States shall be under no liability whatsoever to any person by reason of any use made thereof. Data displayed on this map are approximations derived from GIS layers and should not be used in place of survey data or legal land descriptions.

Area of Concern (AOC)

Solid Waste Management Unit (SWMU)

Sunflower AAP Boundary

Facility Features (buildings, roads, etc.)

Sewer Line of Concern

Burn Pad

Building of Concern Outside of AOC or SWMU Figure 11

AOC 5, SWMU 14

PROJECTION: The source data for this map did not define a projection nor a coordinate system. While the location of the features, based on provided cartesian coordinates, resembles a NAD83 Kansas North State Plane system, the data does not conform to any real geographic location.

This map should be used for visual purposes only.

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant De Soto, Kansas

5 lb MCE = Foundation Removal; 450 lb MCE = Sewer Venting/Removal

1,000 0 1,000500 Feet

1 lb MCE K40 = 40'

5 lb MCE K40 = 69'

450 lb MCE K40 = 307'

1 lb MCE K328 = 328'

5 lb MCE K328 = 597'

0.25 lb MCE K40 = 26' 0.25 lb MCE K328 = 260'

Disclaimer: The United States Government and USACE furnishes this data and the recipient accepts and uses it with the express understanding that the Government makes no warranties, expressed, or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, usability, or suitability for any particular purpose of the information and data furnished. The United States shall be under no liability whatsoever to any person by reason of any use made thereof. Data displayed on this map are approximations derived from GIS layers and should not be used in place of survey data or legal land descriptions.

Sunflower AAP Boundary

Facility Features (buildings, roads, etc.)

Magazine of Concern

PTR

300' from the front (west side) of the magazine 150' from the sides and rear of the magazine

HFD

500' from the front (west side) of the magazine 250' from the sides and rear of the magazine

PROJECTION: The source data for this map did not define a projection nor a coordinate system. While the location of the features, based on provided cartesian coordinates, resembles a NAD83 Kansas North State Plane system, the data does not conform to any real geographic location.

This map should be used for visual purposes only.

250 0 250 500125 Feet

Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant De Soto, Kansas

Figure 12 Explosive Storage Magazine ESQD

Appendix B

Explosive Safety Distance Calculations and

Fragmentation Data Review Forms

B-1

Unintentional Distances - Nitroglycerine (NG)

MCE TNT

Equivalent lbs.

TNT

Cube Root K-

Factor MSD

1 lbs. X 1.48 = 1.48 1.14 X 18 20.5 21’ 1 lbs. X 1.48 = 1.48 1.14 X 24 27.4 28’ 1 lbs. X 1.48 = 1.48 1.14 X 40 45.6 46’ 5 lbs. X 1.48 = 7.4 1.95 X 18 35.1 36’ 5 lbs. X 1.48 = 7.4 1.95 X 24 46.8 47’ 5 lbs. X 1.48 = 7.4 1.95 X 40 78 78’

450 lbs. X 1.48 = 666 8.73 X 18 157.1 158’ 450 lbs. X 1.48 = 666 8.73 X 24 209.5 210’ 450 lbs. X 1.48 = 666 8.73 X 40 350 350’

Unintentional Distances - Propellant

Equivalent lbs.

TNT

Cube Root K-

Factor MSD

.25 lbs. X 1 = .25 .63 X 18 11.3 12’

.25 lbs. X 1 = .25 .63 X 24 15.1 16’

.25 lbs. X 1 = .25 .63 X 40 25.2 26’ 1 lbs. X 1 = 1 1 X 18 18 18’ 1 lbs. X 1 = 1 1 X 24 24 24’ 1 lbs. X 1 = 1 1 X 40 40 40’ 5 lbs. X 1 = 5 1.71 X 18 30.8 31’ 5 lbs. X 1 = 5 1.71 X 24 41 41’ 5 lbs. X 1 = 5 1.71 X 40 68.4 69’

450 lbs. X 1 = 450 7.66 X 18 137.9 138’ 450 lbs. X 1 = 450 7.66 X 24 183.8 184’ 450 lbs. X 1 = 450 7.66 X 40 306.4 307’

Unintentional Distances - Nitroguanidine (NQ)

Equivalent lbs.

TNT

Cube Root K-

Factor MSD

1 lbs. X .79 = .79 .92 X 18 16.6 17’ 1 lbs. X .79 = .79 .92 X 24 22.1 23’ 1 lbs. X .79 = .79 .92 X 40 36.8 37’ 5 lbs. X .79 = 3.95 1.58 X 18 28.4 29’ 5 lbs. X .79 = 3.95 1.58 X 24 37.9 38’ 5 lbs. X .79 = 3.95 1.58 X 40 63.2 64’

450 lbs. X .79 = 355.5 7.08 X 18 127.4 128’ 450 lbs. X .79 = 355.5 7.08 X 24 169.9 170’ 450 lbs. X .79 = 355.5 7.08 X 40 283.2 284’

Unintentional Distances - Nitrocellulose (NC)

B-2

Equivalent lbs.

TNT

Cube Root K-

Factor MSD

1 lbs. X .5 = .5 .79 X 18 14.2 15’ 1 lbs. X .5 = .5 .79 X 24 19 19’ 1 lbs. X .5 = .5 .79 X 40 31.6 32’ 5 lbs. X .5 = 2.5 1.36 X 18 24.5 25’ 5 lbs. X .5 = 2.5 1.36 X 24 32.6 33’ 5 lbs. X .5 = 2.5 1.36 X 40 54.4 55’

450 lbs. X .5 = 225 6.08 X 18 109.4 110’ 450 lbs. X .5 = 225 6.08 X 24 145.9 146’ 450 lbs. X .5 = 225 6.08 X 40 243.2 244’

Intentional Detonation Distances

Equivalent lbs.

TNT TNT

Donor Total

NEW

Cube Root K-

Factor MSD

.25 lbs.

Propellant

X 1 = .25 +…