MIL-PRF-28800F.pdf

NOT MEASUREMENT SENSITIVEI

MIL-PRF-28800F

24 June 1996

SUPERSEDING:

MIL-T-28800E

3 SEPTEMBER 1991

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION

TEST EQUIPMENT FOR USE WITH

ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT,

GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR

This specification is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. SCOPE

1.1 Scope. This specification covers the general requirements for test equipment (see 6.5.2.14) used in testing and calibrating electrical and electronic equipment. The test equipment may be of commercial design and includes general purpose, special purpose, peculiar, console mounted, automatic test equipment (ATE), and calibration standards. This specification should also be used for built-in test equipment (BITE) (see 6.5.2.6) when the requirements for built-in test (BIT) (see 6.5 .2.5) are not included in the system specification. Detailed requirements for particular test equipment should be tailored in a purchase description (see 6.5.2.22) for that equipment.

1.1.1 Usage. The requirements of this specification are to be invoked according to class and may be tailored based on the installation and intended use of the equipment. An Appendix is provided to assist the specification writer with a checklist approach to the development of a purchase description invoking

MIL-PRF-28800.

Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this document should be addressed to: Commander, Naval Sea Systems Command, SEA 03R42, 2531 Jefferson Davis Highway, Arlington, VA 22242-5160 by using the self-addressed Standardization Document Improvement Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at the end of this document or by letter.

AMSC N/A FSC 6625

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approval for public release; distribution is unlimited.

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1.2 Classification. Test equipment specified herein is categorized by class (requirements arising from the intended operational environment). The class shall be assigned, in the purchase description, by the most severe environmental condition expected for the equipment. Other environmental requirements may be derated from the most severe environmental requirement. The purchase description will identify environmental conditions that exist from a less severe class. The purchase description will specifify other features that extend beyond defined class definitions. (Note: This requires that the developer of the purchase description define the most severe class even if only one aspect of the environmental performance is of that class, while all other aspects are of a less severe class.)

1.2.1 Class. Test equipment covered by this specification is categorized by performance characteristics required for an intended location of use and the most severe prevailing environmental conditions of such locations. Test equipment classes are specified in the following paragraphs (a through

d) and the performance characteristics required for each class are summarized in Table 2.

a. Class 1. Class 1 equipment is designed for hostile operational environments where the environmental conditions are extremes of world climatic variation. Examples include test equipment for use in the vicinity of aircraft in tracked and wheeled vehicles, or for typical above-deck applications.

b. Class 2. Class 2 equipment is designed for rugged operational environments where the environmental conditions are routinely encountered in an unprotected, uncontrolled climate. Test equipment for use as a portable (see 6.5.2.20) instrument in more than one location that has a substantial degree of environmental protection maybe considered as Class 2.

c. Class 3. Class 3 equipment is designed for operational environments where conditions are routinely encountered in a diverse, controlled climate. Examples include test equipment for bench-top, rack-mount and occasional portable use in diverse, environmentally controlled locations.

d. Class 4. Class 4 equipment is designed for benign operational environments where the environmental conditions are controlled and protected. Examples include test equipment for use in a filly protected and environmentally controlled service area such as a laboratory.

1.2.2 Enclosure. The enclosure provides protection for the contained system components during storage, handling, and use compatible with the contained class of equipment. A commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) enclosure, normally provided by the manufacturer, that meets the requirements of Section 3 is acceptable unless otherwise specified.

1.2.3 Color. Unless otherwise specified, the color shall be the color normally provided by the manufacturer.

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1.2.4 Configuration. When the purchase description invokes more than one class of this specification, the different configurations (see 6.5.2. 10) should be identified. Selection criteria for each class of equipment is specified in Table 2.

1.3 Navy shipboard use. Electronic test equipment furnished to the Navy that uses material restricted for Navy use (see 3.2.3. 1), or that exceeds the size limitations (see 3.6.1.1) of this specification, requires approval by the Navy prior to procurement.

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3 and 4 of this document.

This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this document or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements documents cited in sections 3 and 4 of this specification, whether or not they are listed.

2.2 Government documents.

2.2.1 Specifications, standards, and handbooks. The following specifications, standards, and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those listed in the issue of the Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards (DoDISS) and supplemented thereto, cited in the solicitation (see 6.2).

STANDARDS

MILITARY

MIL-STD-1686 Electrostatic Discharge Control Program for Protection of Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assemblies and Equipment (Excluding Electrically Initiated Explosive Devices)

(Unless otherwise indicated, copies of federal and military specifications, standards, and handbooks are available from the Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 191 11-5094.)

2.3 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of the documents which are DoD adopted are those listed in the issue of the DoDISS cited in the solicitation. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of documents not listed in the DoDISS are the issues of the documents cited in the solicitation (see 6.2).

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AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI)

ANSVISA-S82.01 Safety Standard for Electrical and Electronic Test, Measuring, Controlling and Related Equipment (General Requirements)

ANSI/ISA-S82.02 Safety Standard for Electrical and Electronic Test, Measuring, Controlling and Related Equipment (Electrical and Electronic Test and Measuring Equipment)

ANSI-Y32.2 Graphic Symbols For Electrical and Electronic Diagrams ANSI-Y32.16 Standard Reference Designations for Electrical and Electronics Parts and

Equipment

(Application for copies should be addressed to the American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018.)

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

ASTM D3951 Standard Practice for Commercial Packaging ASTM D4169 Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems

(Application for copies should be addressed to the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103.)

COMITE INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL DES PERTURBATIONS RADIOELECTRIQUES

(CISPR)

CISPR 11:1990 Limits and Methods for Measurement of Electromagnetic Disturbance Characteristics of Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) Radio Frequency Equipment

ELECTRONIC INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (EIA)

EIA RS-310 Racks, Panels and Associated Equipment

(Application for copies should be addressed to Electronic Industries Association, 2500 Wilson Blvd, Arlington, VA 22201.)

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INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERS (IEEE)

ANSI/IEEE- Standard Digital Interface for Programmable STD-488.1 Instrumentation

ANSI/IEEE- Standard Codes, Formats, Protocols, and Common Commands

STD-488.2

(Applications for copies should be addressed to the IEEE Standard Sales, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017.)

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF STANDARDIZATION (IS0)

IS0 7779 Acoustics – Measurement of airborne noise emitted by computer and business equipment

(Applications for copies should be addressed to the International Organization of Standardization, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland.)

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION (IEC)

IEC-1000-4-2

IEC-1000-4-3

IEC-1000-4-4

IEC-1000-4-6

IEC-1010

Electromagnetic Compatibility for Industrial-Process Measurement and Control Equipment Part 2: Electrostatic Discharge Requirement Electromagnetic Compatibility for Industrial-Process Measurement and Control Equipment Part 3: Radiated Electromagnetic Field Requirement Electromagnetic Compatibility for Industrial-Process Measurement and Control Equipment Part 4: Electrical Fast Transient/Burst Requirement Electromagnetic Compatibility for Electrical and Electronic Equipment Part 6:

Immunity to Conducted Disturbances Induced by Radio Frequency Fields Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use (General Requirements)

(Applications for copies should be addressed to the Bureau Central de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale, 3, rue de Varembe, Geneva, Switzerland.)

UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES (UL)

UL 1950 Safety Information Technology Equipment, Including Electrical Business Equipment

(Application for copies should be addressed to the Underwriters Laboratories, 1285 Walt Whitman Road, Melville, NY 11747.)

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2.4 Order of precedence. In the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein (except for related associated specifications, specification sheets, or purchase descriptions), the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.

3. REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Equipment sample requirements. When specified (see 6.2), sample equipment shall be provided for inspections as specified in 3.1.1 through 3.1.3.

3.1.1 First article. When specified (see 6.2), a sample shall be subjected to first article inspection (see 4.2 and 6.3).

3.1.2 Bid sample. When specified (see 6.2), a bid sample shall be subjected to bid sample inspection (see 4.3 and 6.4).

3.1.3 Conformance inspection. When specified (see 6.2), a sample shall be subjected to conformance inspection (see 4.4).

3.2 Equipment components. Parts, materials, and processes shall be as specified in 3.2.1 through

3.2.3.3 and shall permit the equipment to comply with all applicable requirements of its class.

3.2.1 Finish. Unless otherwise specified the equipment shall be the finish normally provided by the manufacturer.

3.2.2 Interchagneability. Manufacturers shall designate a model number for units provided. All units and the replaceable assemblies, subassemblies, and parts comprising the unit shall be interchangeable on a noninterference basis with all such designated models provided. The contractor shall immediately inform the procuring activity of any conflict between the interchangeability requirements of this specification and the purchase description.

3.2.3 Restricted materials. Restricted materials shall be as specified in 3.2.3.1 through 3.2.3.3.

3.2.3.1 Material restricted for Navy use. Regardless of other requirements, the materials and parts specified in a through c shall not be used in equipment for the Navy unless otherwise specified.

a. Mercury, including mercury batteries.

b. Radioactive material.

c. Lithium electrochemical cells.

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3.2.3.2 Other restricted materials and gases. Test equipment shall not contain materials that promote the premature failure of the equipment or that present a health hazard under normal use or storage conditions as specified in 3.2.3.2.1 through 3.2.3.2.5.

3.2.3.2.1 Organic materials. Test equipment shall not contain materials prone to organic decay or that act as a nutrient for the growth of multicelled organisms.

3.2.3.2.2 Flammable materials. Test equipment shall not contain materials that ignite into flames at operating or storage temperatures.

3.2.3.2.3 Explosive materials. Test equipment shall not contain materials that explode at operating or storage temperatures.

3.2.3.2.4 Carcinogens. Certain chemicals have been identified in the Occupational Safety And Health Act (OSHA) as cancer-producing substances (carcinogens). Before using any materials that might contain these chemicals, the materials shall be evaluated in accordance with 3.10.

3.2.3.2.5 Helium. Helium shall not be used as pressurizing gas in sealed units containing electron tubes. When necessary to use helium for leak detection purposes, exposure shall be limited to the time necessary for the test, followed by thorough purging.

3.2.3.3 Combination of materials. The equipment shall contain no combination of materials that cause deterioration of any material contained in the equipment due to the effects of outgassing.

3.3 Desire and construction. The test equipment shall be designed and constructed to permit compliance with all applicable requirements of its class and the performance, accuracy, and other requirements in the purchase description.

3.3.1 Operator adjustments and controls. Operator adjustments and controls shall be as specified in

3.3.1.1 and 3.3.1.2.

3.3.1.1 Operator adjustments. The equipment shall include built-in adjustments or compensating devices for any function or parameter that would exceed the specified tolerance within the calibration interval defined in 3.12. Under all specified service conditions the variation of any adjustment or control shall produce the desired control action to bring the equipment within tolerance.

3.3.1.2 Operator controls. Operating controls and indicators shall be readily accessible to the operator from the front of the equipment. The readings presented on the controls and indicators shall be available to the operator without conversion or calculation.

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3.3.2 Connectors, electric. Provision shall be made to ensure that connectors will be mated only with the appropriate counterparts. Where design considerations require close proximity of connectors of similar configuration, the mating connectors shall be suitably coded or marked. The live or hot side of unmated connectors shall be protected against shorting.

3.3.3 Wiring, internal. Internal wiring practices shall be such that the wiring shall not be darnaged during normal maintenance and calibration.

3.3.4 Internal cooling. The equipment shall be capable of operating without interruption for at least 24 hours at the maximum operating temperature for the class that it is designed.

3.3.4.1 Cooling devices. Cooling devices used in the equipment shall be an integral part of the equipment and not degrade any aspect of performance or safety.

3.3.5 Front panel display indicators. Front panel display indicators designed to present change-of-state information to the operator shall be distinguishable at a distance of 1 m in a maximum ambient light level of 100 foot-candles (fc) and a minimum light level of 1 fc. All display indicators shall be discernible at viewing angles from O degrees to 45 degrees.

3.3.6 Self-test capability. When specified, the equipment shall be able to provide automatic diag-nostic self-test (see 6.5.2.26) information. The information provided shall indicate whether the equipment is operating within the performance specification. If the equipment exceeds the performance specification bounds, the information provided by the self-test shall identify the associated lowest replaceable unit (LRU) failure causing the malfunction.

3.4 Digital interface. When specified, a digital interface shall be provided. The measurement information to be transferred by the digital interface shall be as specified. The digital interface shall have the programmable capability to control each device function including all ranges, modes, and levels.

Primary power control and other nonmeasurement functions need not be controllable through the digital interface.

3.4.1 ANSI/IEEE-STD-488 interface requirements. If an ANSI/IEEE-STD-488 digital interface is specified, it shall comply with ANSI/IEEE-STD-488.1 and with the specified portions of ANSI/IEEE- STD-488.2. The interface functions and subset identifications specified in a through j shall be considered for determining equipment requirements.

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a. Source handshake SH1.

b. Acceptor handshake AH1.

c. Talker T1 or TE1.

d. Listener L1 or LE1.

e. Service request SR1.

f. Remote local RLl.

g. Parallel poll PP0.

h. Device clear DC1.

i. Device trigger DT1.

j. Controller C0.

3.5 Electrical power sources and connections. Electrical power sources and connections shall be as specified in 3.5.1 through 3.5.2.9.

3.5.1 Electrical power source. The equipment shall operate from the input power conditions specified in 3.5.1.1 through 3.5.1.2.6. When multiple power source requirements are invoked, the equipment shall operate within each required range without changing manually operated devices such as tapped transformers (variable setting transformers) and other similar devices for compensation. When multiple power source requirements are invoked, all selectable power setting controls shall be externally accessible.

3.5.1.1 Power consumption. The maximum power for operation shall be as specified in the purchase description.

3.5.1.12 Nominal and alternate power source. The equipment shall operate at 120 Vrms single-phase 50 Hz and 60 Hz source (see Table 1). Alternate power source requirements that maybe required for equipment are specified in a through e.

a. 50 Hz, 60 Hz, and 400 Hz single-phase 120 Vrms.

b. 50 Hz, 60 Hz, and 400 Hz single-phase with voltage selectable from a 100/120/220/240 Vrms range.

c. 50 Hz, 60 Hz, and 400 Hz single-phase 120/240 Vrms (see 3.5.1.2.4).

d. DC internal power source (see 3.5.1.2.5).

e. DC external power source (see 3.5.1.2.6).

Equipment designed to operate from both external and internal power sources shall conform to specified performance and accuracy requirements when operated from the external source with the internal battery removed. There shall be an external indication of the selected power range.

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TABLE 1. Power source.

3.5.1.2.1 Steady-state conditions. The performance and accuracy of the equipment shall not be adversely affected when operated under any combination of conditions a through c. Tolerance values are derived from, and referenced to, the nominal values specified for voltage and frequency.

a. The steady-state voltage-tolerance shall be ±10%.

b. The steady-state frequency-tolerance shall be ±5%.

c. The deviations in waveform (see 6.5.1a) characteristics shall be as in 1 through 4:

1. Waveform deviation factor of ±10 percent or less.

2. Total harmonics of ±10 percent or less.

3. Individual harmonics of ±5 percent or less.

4. Crest factor of 1.27 to 1.56.

3.5.1.2.2 Transient-state conditions. Operation of the equipment during voltage and frequency transients shall be in accordance with a and b for transients that recover to within the steady-state tolerance band within 500 ms. The equipment performance maybe impaired during the transient.

Transient values are derived from, and referenced to, the nominal values specified for voltage and frequency.

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a. Voltage transients within the range of ±10 percent to ±30 percent shall not cause the operation of the equipment to be impaired for longer than 30 seconds following the transient and not cause loss of information stored in a volatile memory. Testing shall be in accordance with 4.5.5.6.3.

b. Frequency transients within the range of ±5 percent to ±10 percent shall not cause the operation of the equipment to be impaired for longer than 30 seconds following the transient and not cause loss of information stored in a volatile memory. Testing shall be in accordance with 4.5.5.6.4.

3.5.1.2.3 Interruption of power source. Voltage or frequency interruptions shall not cause damage to the equipment. A power source interruption is when the voltage falls in the range of O to 70% of nominal or frequency falls in the range of 0 to 90% of nominal. Equipment performance is not required during interruption of the power source. After power interruptions of any duration, the equipment shall automatically resume operation at either the last operating condition before interruption, or a default power-up condition.

3.5.1.2.4 Alternate signal-phase sources. When the equipment is designed to operate from a 240 Vrms nominal, or 400 Hz nominal alternate single-phase source, the tolerance and times of the steady-state, transient-state, and interruption of power source requirements shall apply to the alternate power source.

3.5.1.2.5 DC internal power source. When specified, the equipment shall be designed to operate from self-contained batteries.

3.5.1.2.5.1 Battery restrictions. Battery restrictions shall apply as stated in paragraphs a and b:

a. For Army applications, maximum use will be made of standard, nomenclature battery-power sources. The use of nonstandard, nonnomenclatured batteries requires the approval of the cognizant Army procuring activity.

b. For Navy applications, the use of lithium and mercury batteries is restricted and shall not be used in equipment unless specifically required and approved by the procuring Navy activity. If a restricted type of battery is approved, technical manuals shall reference substitute battery types, and all necessary modifications to use the substitute batteries. The Equipment shall incorporate safety precautions of UL1950 and a label containing the following caution and information shall be affixed to the outside of the unit:

THIS UNIT CONTAINS LITHIUM BATTERIES

Battery Manufacturer:

Battery Part Number:

for lithium batteries, or for mercury batteries;

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THIS UNIT CONTAINS MERCURY BATTERIES

Battery Manufacturer:

Battery Part Number:

3.5.1.2.5.2 Battery state indicator. An indicator shall be provided to indicate when the capacity of batteries used for primary power is low. The approximate remaining operating time for the low battery state shall be specified in the equipment operating manual.

3.5.1.2.5.3 External battery pack. When the equipment is required to operate from an external portable battery pack, the battery pack shall be as specified in the purchase description.

3.5.1.2.6 DC external power source.. Equipment operation from an external dc source shall be as specified in the purchase description.

3.5.2 Electrical power connections. The requirements specified in 3.5.2.1 through 3.5.2.9 shall apply to equipment rated at 10A rms, or less. Power connectors and connections for equipment rated above 10A rms shall be as specified in the purchase description. When single-phase operation is specified, the equipment shall operate with a ground at the primary power source on either or neither side of the single phase input power line.

3.5.2.1 Multiphase equipment. Except as specified for leakage current (see 3. 10), equipment requiring multiphase power shall be as specified in the purchase description.

3.5.2.2 Input power cable. Unless specified, the input power cable shall be a detachable power cable normally provided by the manufacturer. When equipment is specified for operation from 120 Vrrns and 240 Vrms power sources, separate 120 Vrms and 240 Vrms power cables shall be provided.

3.5.2.3 Input power switch. The operator shall be able to energize the equipment from the front panel. A standby capability maybe incorporated to activate and deactivate the equipment. If such a capability is provided, suitable warnings shall be placed in the operating and service manuals and on the equipment to warn the operator of possible shock hazards during servicing, due to partially activated power supplies.

3.5.2.4 Power selection switch. When the configuration of the equipment requires a power selection switch, the equipment shall be provided set to operate at 115 Vrms or 120 Vrms. A safety mechanism shall be incorporated to prevent the accidental switching between voltage selections.

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3.5.2.5 Excessive current drain protection. Automated safety mechanisms shall be incorporated to automatically disconnect the equipment in the event of current being drawn that is in excess of the equipment rating. As specified, the mechanism” shall be from the front for Class 1 equipment or from an exterior panel for equipment of Class 2, Class 3, and Class 4.

3.5.2.6 Indicators. Visual indication shall be provided on the front panel to indicate when the equipment is energized.

3.5.2.7 Battery operating and recharge time. When battery operation is required, the operating and recharge time shall be as specified in the purchase description.

3.5.2.8 Battery charger. When specified, the equipment shall provide an internal battery charger capable of charging the internal batteries when the equipment is connected to the specified ac power source. The charging circuit shall not load the internal battery when the equipment is disconnected from the ac power source; if mechanical or electrical disconnection of the charging circuit is required by the design, such disconnection shall be provided for by means other than manual switching. When rechargeable batteries and charger are required, an automatic protective device shall be included to prevent overcharging the batteries.

3.5.2.9 Battery compartment. When specified, an externally accessible, covered battery compartment shall be provided on equipment powered from internal batteries. The compartment shall only provide access to the battery. The battery compartment shall provide protection from external sources that could damage the battery, protect the equipment from deteriorated batteries, and provide access to clean the compartment. The battery polarity, voltage, and type shall be marked in a prominent place on or adjacent to the battery compartment.

3.6 Enclosure physical characteristics. The physical characteristics of the equipment enclosure shall be as specified in 3.6.1 through 3.6.4.14.1.

3.6.1 Dimensions. Dimensions shall be as specified in the purchase description. The required dimensions for the height, width, and depth may be specified for both maximum and partial dimensions (see 6.5.2.12).

3.6.11 Maximum dimensions, Navy shipboard applications. For Navy use in shipboard applications, the maximum dimensions shall not exceed a size capable of passage through hatches 508 mm wide by 965 mm high, reduced further by round comers on a 254 mm radius and through circular openings 635 mm in diameter.

3.6.2 Weight. The maximum weight shall be as specified in the purchase description.

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3.6.3 Mechanical stability. The equipment shall be designed to preclude tipping during normal handling and operation. Testing shall be in accordance with 4.5.7.4. This requirement is not applicable to test equipment smaller than 2000 cc with a weight less than 2.5 kg, and excludes equipment that has a depth of 4.5 or more times the height, or that has a height of less than 100 mm.

3.6.3.1 Enclosure attitude. Equipment shall be mechanically stable when positioned in its normal attitude on a bench for horizontal viewing of the front panel, and when placed in its alternate attitude on the floor or deck for vertical viewing of the front panel. The size and weight limitations of 3.6 apply to this requirement.

3.6.4 Enclosure requirement. The degree of protection provided by the enclosure shall allow the complete equipment to pass those environmental tests appropriate to the specified environmental class.

3.6.4.1 Cover. When specified, the enclosure shall have a cover.

3.6.4.2 Latches. When latches are incorporated in the design of the equipment they shall incorporate a quick-opening mechanism.

3.6.4.3 Stacking provisions. Equipment enclosures shall have a geometric configuration that permits stacking without harm to the enclosure or its contents. The maximum stacking height (expressed as a quantity of equipment in excess of one) shall be as specified.

3.6.4.4 Component protection. Panels shall be designed to conform to the bench handling requirement of 3.8.5.3.

3.6.4.5 Handles. Unless otherwise specified, one or more handles shall be provided. The number and location of handles shall be such that the load distribution per handle shall not exceed 20 kg. Handles shall be located above the equipment center of gravity to ensure carrying stability. Handles shall permit compliance with the enclosure attitude provisions specified in 3.6.3.1.

3.6.4.6 Accessory stowage. When specified, the enclosure shall have provisions for the stowage of all accessories, (see 6.5.2.1). Stowage shall not adversely affect the carrying stability of the equipment and shall be contained in a manner that prevents damage to the accessories or equipment during transit.

Stowed items shall be available without disturbing enclosure seams.

3.6.4.7 Corners. All comers shall be designed to preclude injury to personnel or damage to material.

All comers shall be adequately reinforced to protect the instrument from damage during the environmental conditions specified for the enclosure.

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3.6.4.8 Connections and controls. Unless otherwise specified, all external electrical connections (except power connections) and operating controls shall be on the instrument panel. Electrical power connections shall be on the rear.

3.6.4.9 Chassis fasteners. Unless otherwise specified, the chassis shall be securely fastened within the enclosure conforming to the maintainability requirements of 3.14.3.

3.6.4.10 Pressure equalizing valve. Unless otherwise specified for Class 1 equipment, a mechanism for equalizing air pressure within the enclosure, when the enclosure is sealed, shall be provided. The mechanism provided shall not protrude beyond the enclosure.

3.6.4.11 Enclosures, console cabinet. When specified, the equipment shall be fitted with a console cabinet. The console cabinet enclosure shall provide protection for the contained equipment from the specified environmental conditions. Access to the interior of the enclosure shall be provided. When specified work surfaces for personnel shall be provided. The console cabinet enclosure shall be designed so that they can be lifted and transported by fork lift vehicles when the equipment is in its normal upright position. Additional requirements for transportability shall be defined in the purchase description.

3.6.4.12 Work surfaces, console cabinet. When specified, the equipment fitted with a console cabinet shall have work surfaces provided. Personnel work surfaces shall be constructed of nonconducting material. Any work surface that projects from the console cabinet shall not be damaged during or interfere with transport or shipping.

3.6.4.13 Rack-mounting requirements. Enclosures that are required to be rack-mounted and enclo-sures required to accommodate rack-mountable equipment shall be in accordance with EIA RS-310 for

482.6 mm standard panel width.

3.6.4.14 Convertible/rack-mountable equipment. When specified, the equipment shall be capable of being rack-mounted. All convertible/rack-mountable equipment shall conform to the requirements of its class when configured for rack-mounting use in accordance with 3.6.4.14.1.

3.6.4.14.1 Rack-mount conversion. Conversion shall be accomplished by use of a kit that converts the enclosure for rack-mounting, but will not prevent return to the original configuration. The rack-mount conversion kit shall include all hardware required to configure the equipment for rack-mounting. When the height of the front panel is not a multiple of the preferred panel height increment, or when the width is less than rack-width, the conversion kit shall include filler panels to provide the preferred height and width in accordance with 3.6.4.13. No part of the equipment shall protrude above or below the front panel when the enclosure is rack-mounted.

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3.7 Transit case. When specified, the equipment shall be fitted with a transit case. The transit case shall provide protection for the contained test equipment from the specified environmental conditions.

The transit case is not an integral part of the test equipment. The transit case need not provide for operational capability of the equipment when enclosed. The physical characteristics of the transit case shall be as specified in 3.7.1 through 3.7.6.

3.7.1 Cover, transit case. The transit case shall have a cover that canto be closed and fastened.

Fasteners shall allow for quick opening. If the cover is removable, fasteners shall not interfere with cover removal.

3.7.2 Stacking provisions, transit case. Unless otherwise specified, the transit case shall have a geometric configuration that permits stacking without harm to the enclosure or its contents. The maximum stacking height (expressed as a quantity of equipment in excess of one) shall be as specified in the purchase description.

3.7.3 Handles, transit case. Unless otherwise specified, one or more handles shall be provided. The number and location of handles shall be such that the load distribution per handle shall not exceed 20 kg.

Handles shall be located above the equipment center of gravity to ensure carrying stability. Handles shall permit compliance with the enclosure attitude provisions specified in 3.6.3.1.

3.7.3.1 Handles, hard transit case. Unless otherwise specified, a transit case shall include hinged metal handles with sufficient internal clearance to allow a block 44 mm by 106 mm in cross section with edges rounded to a 24 mm radius to pass through them. The grip portion of the handles shall be of a nonmetallic material at least 89 mm in length with a 19 mm diameter or other approved cross section that is shaped to fit the hand comfortably. Handles shall stop open at 90 degrees, and shall be returned to a closed position by a spring-loaded or retaining mechanism when not in use. Handles shall be recessed or protected. A handle located on the top of the enclosure shall be recessed to facilitate stacking.

3.7.3.2 Handles, soft transit case. When a soft transit case is specified, one or more handles shall be provided. A shoulder strap maybe provided in addition to the required handles. Handles shall be attached to the case in a manner to ensure serviceability over the life of the equipment under normal conditions of use.

3.7.4 Accessory stowage, transit case. The transit case shall have provisions for the stowage of accessories (see 6.5.2.1), operating instructions, removable power cables, signal leads, and designated spares. Stowage shall not adversely affect the carrying stability of the equipment and shall be contained in a manner that prevents damage to the accessories or equipment during transit.

3.7.5 Corners, transit case. All hard edged comers shall be designed to preclude injury to personnel or damage to material. All comers shall be adequately reinforced to protect the instrument from damage during the environmental conditions specified for the enclosure.

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3.7.6 Pressure equalizing valve, transit case. Unless otherwise specified, airtight transit cases shall have a mechanism for equalizing air pressure within the enclosure, when the enclosure is sealed. The mechanism provided shall not protrude beyond the transit case enclosure.

3.8 Environmental requirements. Environmental performance requirements shall be as specified in

3.8.1 through 3.8.13 and Table 2.

3.8.1 Environmental conditions. Equipment shall conforrn to the specified pefrormance when subjected to the environmental conditions of this specification. Combinations of environments beyond those covered by the specified test procedures (see 4.5) shall be as specified in the purchase description.

3.8.1.1 Warm-up. Unless otherwise specified, the equipment shall comply with the specified performance requirements after a 20 minute warm-up period preceded by a 2-hour not operating temperature stabilization period, or as specified in the applicable test method.

3.8.2 Temperature and humidity. The temperature ranges and humidity limits for both operating and not operating conditions shall be as specified in 3.8.2.1 to 3.8.2.3.2. A RH of 95 percent (with the applicable tolerance) does not include conditions of precipitation.

3.8.2.1 Temperature not operating. Test equipment shall conform to the specified performance and accuracy after being stored at temperatures specified for the applicable class in 3.8.2.1.1 to 3.8.2.1.2.

3.8.2.1.1 Temperature not operating, Class 1 and Class 2. Class 1 and Class 2 test equipment shall be subjected to not operating temperatures in the range -51 to 71 degrees Celsius.

3.8.2.1.2 Temperature not operating, Class 3 and Class 4. Class 3 and Class 4 test equipment shall be subjected to not operating temperatures in the range -40 to 71 degrees Celsius.

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TABLE 2. Summary identification of environmental requirements by class.

Notes:

1 See 3.8 for complete environmental requirements.

2 20 minute operation at 71°C.

3 85 ±5 percent RH above 30°C.

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4 60 ±5 percent RH above 40°C.

5 75 ±5 percent RH above 30°C.

6 45 ±5 percent RH above 40°C.

7 RH not controlled below 10°C.

8 Must be invoked by the purchase description when required.

9 Half-sine shock pulse (see 3.8.5.1).

10 See 3.8.5.2, 4.5.5.4.2 and Table 13.

11 Verification testing must be invoked by the purchase description.

3.8.2.2 Temperature operating. Test equipment shall conform to the specified performance and accuracy while being operated at temperatures specified for the applicable class in 3.8.2.2.1 to 3.8.2.2.4.

3.8.2.2.1 Temperatue operating. Class 1. Class 1 test equipment shall be subjected to operating temperatures in the range -40 to 55 degrees Celsius. Class 1 test equipment shall be required to operate for 20 minutes (see 6.5.2.16), at 71 degrees Celsius.

3.8.2.2.2 Temperature operating. Class 2. Class 2 test equipment shall be subjected to operating temperatures in the range -10 to 55 degrees Celsius.

3.8.2.2.3 Temperature operating. Class 3. Class 3 test equipment shall be subjected to operating temperatures in the range O to 50 degrees Celsius.

3.8.2.2.4 Temperature operating. Class 4. Class 4 test equipment shall be subjected to operating temperatures in the range 10 to 40 degrees Celsius.

3.8.2.3 Humidity. Test equipment shall conform to the specified performance and accuracy for conditions where the relative humidity is 5 to 95±5 percent in the temperature range of 10 to 30 degrees Celsius, and as specified, for the applicable class in 3.8.2.3.1 to 3.8.2.3.2. At temperatures below 10 degrees Celsius, the humidity is uncontrolled, but the equipment shall conform to the specified performance (after the specified warm-up period) and shall withstand the effects of humidities up to 100 percent.

3.8.2.3.1 Humidity. Class 1. Class 1 test equipment shall be subjected to conditions where the relative humidity is 5 to 85±5 percent in the temperature range of 30 to 40 degrees Celsius, and where the relative humidity is 5 to 60±5 percent in the temperature range above 40 degrees Celsius.

3.8.2.3.2 Humidity. Class 2, Class 3 Class 4. Class 2, Class 3 and Class 4 test equipment shall be subjected to conditions where the relative humidity is 5 to 75±5 percent in the temperature range of 30 to 40 degrees Celsius, and where the relative humidity is 5 to 45±5 percent in the temperature range above 40 degrees Celsius (as appropriate for the specified class).

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3.8.3 Altitude. Test equipment of Classes 1, 2, 3, and 4 shall conform to the specified performance and accuracy requirements when operated at an altitude of 4600 meters and after return from an altitude of 4600 meters when tested in accordance with 4.5.5.2.

3.8.4 Vibration. Vibration shall be as specified in 3.8.4.1 or 3.8.4.2 and 3.8.4.3.

3.8.4.1 Vibration, random. Test equipment of Classes 1, 2, 3 and 4 shall conform to specified performance and accuracy requirements after the random vibration conditions specified in Table 3 when tested in accordance with 4.5.5.3.1.

TABLE 3. Random vibration profile by class.

3.8.4.2 Vibration, sinusoidal. When specified, the equipment of Classes 1,2,3 and 4 shall conform to specified performance and accuracy requirements after the sinusoidal vibration conditions specified in Table 4 when tested in accordance with 4.5.5.3.2.

TABLE 4. Swept sinusoidal vibration profile by class.

Notes:

1 Search times specified shall be for a low frequency to high frequency to low frequency sweep of the applicable increment.

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3.8.4.3 Bounce, loose cargo. When specified, the equipment shall conform to the specified performance and accuracy requirements after being tested in accordance with 4.5.5.3.3.

3.8.5 Shock, mechanical. The mechanical shock requirements shall be as specified in 3.8.5.1 through 3.8.5.4.

3.8.5.1 Shock, functional. Classes 1, 2, 3, and 4 shall conform to the specified performance and accuracy requirements after being subjected to the 30g half-sine shock test of 4.5.5.4.1.

3.8.5.2 Transit drop. Equipment that have the enclosure act as the transit case, equipment that is specified to include a transit case, and all Class 1 equipment shall conform to the specified performance and accuracy requirements after being tested in accordance with 4.5.5.4.2. When a soil transit case is specified, only those with shoulder straps shall be subjected to this test. The equipment shall remain inside the transit case throughout this test.

3.8.5.3 Bench handling. The equipment shall conform to the specified performance and accuracy requirements and there shall be no damage to any controls, indicators, or fuseholders, after being tested in accordance with 4.5.5.4.3.

3.8.5.4 Shock, high impact. When specified, the equipment shall be subjected to the high impact shock test. The high impact shock test shall be defined in the purchase description.

3.8.6 Water resistance. Water resistance shall be as specified in 3.8.6.1 through 3.8.6.3.3 and summarized in Table 5.

3.8.6.1 Watertight. Watertight performance of equipment and transit case shall be as specified in

3.8.6.1.1 through 3.8.6.1.4.

3.8.6.1.1 Watertight, Class 1. Class 1 equipment installed shall conform to the specified performance and accuracy requirements after being tested in accordance with 4.5.5.5.1 under the conditions 0.9 meter submergence.

3.8.6.1.2 Watertight, Classes 2, 3, and 4. Unless otherwise specified, equipment of classes 2, 3, and 4 need not be watertight.

3.8.6.1.3 Watertight, air tight transit case. When a transit case is specified and is also specified as air tight then the transit case shall be watertight. Equipment housed in air tight transit cases shall be tested with the equipment in the transit case in accordance with 4.5.5.5.1 under the conditions of 0.9 meter submergence. The equipment shall conform to the specified performance and accuracy requirements after the test is completed.

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3.8.6.1.4 Watertight, transit case. When a transit case is specified, unless it is specified as air tight, it need not be watertight.

3.8.6.2 Slashproof. Splashproof performance of equipment and transit case shall be as specified in

3.8.6.2.1 through 3.8.6.2.2.

3.8.6.2.1 Splashproof, Class 1. Class 1 equipment shall conform to the specified performance and accuracy requirements after being tested in accordance with 4.5.5.5.2 under the conditions where if the equipment, if covers are present, has the covers removed.

3.8.6.2.2 Splashproof, Classes 2, 3, and 4. Unless otherwise specified, equipment of classes 2,3, and 4 need not be splashproof.

3.8.6.3 Dripproof. Dripproof performance of equipment and transit case shall be as specified in

3.8.6.3.1 through 3.8.6.3.3.

3.8.6.3.1 Dripproof, Classes 2, 3, and 4. Unless otherwise specified, equipment of classes 2,3, and 4 need not be dripproof. Testing of this requirement is not applicable for Class 1 equipment.

3.8.6.3.2 Dripproof, hard transit case. When a hard transit case is specified, the transit cases shall be tested with the equipment in the transit case in accordance with 4.5.5.5.3. The equipment shall conform to the specified performance and accuracy requirements after the testis completed. Testing of this requirement is not applicable for air tight transit cases.

3.8.6.3.3 Dripproof, soft transit case. Unless otherwise specified, if a soft transit case is specified, it need not be dripproof.

TABLE 5. Water resistance

Note:

1 When specified.

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