RFP - Attachment 5 - Facilities Criteria_4_740_14N_2014.pdf

FC 4-740-14N

1 April 2014

FACILITIES CRITERIA (FC)

APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED

NAVY AND MARINE CORPS

CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTERS

Attachment (5)

FACILITIES CRITERIA (FC)

NAVY AND MARINE CORPS

CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTERS

Any copyrighted material included in this FC is identified at its point of use.

Use of the copyrighted material apart from this FC must have the permission of the copyright holder.

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS

NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND (Preparing Activity)

AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEER CENTER

Record of Changes (changes are indicated by \1\ ... /1/)

Change No. Date Location

This FC supersedes UFC 4-740-14, Design: Child Development Centers, dated 1 August 2002 and Final Draft UFC 4-740-14, Design: Child Development Centers, dated January 2009.

FOREWORD

Facilities Criteria (FC) provide functional requirements (i.e., defined by users and operational needs of a particular facility type) for specific DoD Component(s), and are intended for use with unified technical requirements published in DoD Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC). FC are applicable only to the DoD Component(s) indicated in the title, and do not represent unified DoD requirements. Differences in functional requirements between DoD Components may exist due to differences in policies and operational needs.

All construction outside of the United States is also governed by Status of Forces Agreements (SOFA), Host Nation Funded Construction Agreements (HNFA), and in some instances, Bilateral Infrastructure Agreements (BIA.) Therefore, the acquisition team must ensure compliance with the most stringent of the UFC (replace w/ FC), the SOFA, the HNFA, and the BIA, as applicable.

Because FC are coordinated with unified DoD technical requirements, they form an element of the DoD UFC system applicable to specific facility types. The UFC system is prescribed by MIL-STD 3007 and provides planning, design, construction, sustainment, restoration, and modernization criteria, and applicable to the Military Departments, Defense Agencies, and the DoD Field Activities. The UFC System also includes technical requirements and functional requirements for specific facility types, both published as UFC documents and FC documents.

FC are living documents and will be periodically reviewed, updated, and made available to users as part of the Services’ responsibility for providing criteria for military construction.

Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (HQUSACE), Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC), and the Air Force Civil Engineer Center (AFCEC) are responsible for administration of the UFC system. Defense agencies should contact the preparing service for document interpretation and improvements. Technical content is the responsibility of the cognizant DoD working group. Recommended changes with supporting rationale should be sent to the respective service proponent office by the following electronic form: Criteria Change Request. The form is also accessible from the Internet site listed below.

FC are effective upon issuance and are distributed only in electronic media from the following source:

• Whole Building Design Guide web site http://dod.wbdg.org/.

Refer to UFC 1-200-01, General Building Requirements, for implementation of new issuances on projects.

AUTHORIZED BY:

JOSEPH E. GOTT, P.E.

Chief Engineer Naval Facilities Engineering Command http://www.wbdg.org/ccb/browse_cat.php?o=29&c=4 http://www.wbdg.org/ccb/browse_cat.php?o=29&c=4 http://dod.wbdg.org/

FACILITIES CRITERIA (FC)

REVISION SUMMARY SHEET

Document: FC 4-740-14N, Navy and Marine Corps Child Development Centers Superseding: UFC 4-740-14, Design: Child Development Centers, dated 1 August 2002 and Final Draft UFC 4-740-14, Design: Child Development Centers, dated January 2009.

Description of Changes: This FC separates the consolidated Tri-Service version and replaces the Final Draft Child Development Centers UFC version used by the Navy, into a Navy-only FC version for Child Development Center criteria.

Reasons for Changes: This FC contains the criteria for determining the appropriate size and complexity of Navy and Marine Corps Child Development Centers. It also provides non-Government standard resources that provide guidance in the design of these facilities.

Impact: The following improvements should result from this revision:

• This FC updates and clarifies the basic requirements for Navy and Marine Corps child development centers. This FC will reduce the initial cost of design and reduce costs associated with redesign of facilities that do not meet minimum standards.

• The improved performance-based criteria and coordination with the Navy’s model RFP should reduce design-build proposals. Responders will be able to apply industry best-practices and more creativity to their proposals to reduce costs while still meeting the minimum technical design and construction standards outlined in Chapters 3, 4 and 5.

Non-unification Issues: There are unification issues:

• Table 2-1: Due to operational differences there are different quantities and types of offices and other spaces within the CDC’s.

• 2-4.2.2: Navy only provides Multipurpose Rooms when climatic conditions warrant.

• Table 4-1: USMC allows carpet in corridors for noise abatement.

• Table 4-8: Navy does not permit ice makers due to the choking hazards.

i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1-1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE

1-2 APPLICABILITY

1-3 GENERAL BUILDING REQUIREMENTS

1-4 REFERENCES

1-5 GLOSSARY

1-6 USERS OF THE FACILITY

1-6.1 Children

1-6.2 Facility Staff

1-6.3 Parents

1-7 REGULATORY AUTHORITIES

1-7.1 Military Authorities

1-7.2 Occupancy Classification

1-7.3 Certification

1-7.4 Additional Requirements

CHAPTER 2 PLANNING AND LAYOUT

2-1 SCOPE OF FACILITY

2-1.1 Functional Program Areas

2-2 FACILITY PLANNING

2-2.1 Facility Classification

2-2.2 Age Groups and Group Sizes

2-2.3 Operational Considerations

2-3 SITE PLANNING

2-3.1 Land Area Requirements

2-3.2 Site Selection

2-3.3 Site Layout

2-4 SPACE REQUIREMENTS

2-4.1 Introduction

2-4.2 Space Programs

2-4.3 Administrative Offices

2-4.4 Child Activity Rooms ii

2-5 ORGANIZATION AND LAYOUT

2-5.1 General Adjacencies

2-5.2 Non-standalone CDC External Adjacencies

2-5.3 Child Activity Room Adjacencies

2-6 ADDITIONS/ALTERATIONS/RENOVATIONS TO EXISTING

FACILITIES

2-6.1 Program

2-6.2 Design

CHAPTER 3 GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA

3-1 GENERAL

3-1.1 Authorized Building Program

3-1.2 Accessibility

3-2 STRUCTURAL FOUNDATION INSULATION

3-3 ARCHITECTURE

3-3.1 Stories

3-3.2 Exterior Design

3-3.3 Interior Design

3-4 SERVICES

3-4.1 Plumbing

3-4.2 Fire Protection and Life Safety

3-4.3 Electrical Design

3-5 HVAC

3-5.1 General

3-5.2 Kitchen

3-5.3 Laundry

3-6 FURNISHINGS

3-6.1 General

3-6.2 Tables and Chairs

3-7 EXTERIOR SIGNAGE

3-8 SITE DESIGN

3-8.1 Grading and Drainage

3-8.2 Walkways

3-8.3 Parking/Vehicular Circulation iii

3-8.4 Utilities

3-8.5 Radon

3-8.6 Perimeter Fencing

3-9 LANDSCAPING

3-9.1 Child Safety

3-9.2 Child Learning Opportunities

3-9.3 Durability

3-9.4 Irrigation

CHAPTER 4 SPECIFIC DESIGN CRITERIA

4-1 INTRODUCTION

4-1.1 Casework/Built-in Equipment

4-1.2 Furnishings, Fixtures, and Equipment (FF&E)

4-2 ADMINISTRATIVE, STAFF SUPPORT, AND FACILITY SUPPORT

4-3 CHILD ACTIVITY AREAS

CHAPTER 5 OUTDOOR ACTIVITY AREAS

5-1 INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE

5-2 PLANNING CRITERIA

5-2.1 Size

5-2.2 Grade

5-2.3 Layout

5-3 GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA

5-3.1 Accessibility

5-3.2 Exterior Storage

5-3.3 Fencing

5-3.4 Shade

5-3.5 Equipment Requirements

5-3.6 Surfaces

5-3.7 Plumbing

5-3.8 Electrical

5-4 AGE-SPECIFIC AREA DESIGN CRITERIA

5-4.1 Infant and Pre-toddler

5-4.2 Toddlers

5-4.3 Preschoolers/Pre-K/Kindergarten iv

APPENDIX A REFERENCES

APPENDIX B BEST PRACTICES

B-1 INTRODUCTION

B-2 DESIGNING FOR CHILDREN

B-2.1 Stages of Development

B-2.2 Anthropometric Guidelines

B-2.3 Choking Hazards

B-3 GENERAL DESIGN GUIDANCE

B-3.1 Space Attributes

B-3.2 Exterior Design

B-3.3 Interior Design

B-3.4 Signage

B-3.5 Site Walkways

B-3.6 Vehicular Circulation

B-3.7 Landscaping

B-4 INDIVIDUAL ROOM DESIGN GUIDANCE

B-4.1 Entrance/Lobby/Reception

B-4.2 Child Activity Rooms

B-5 BUILDING SYSTEMS GUIDANCE

B-5.1 Fire Protection and Life Safety

B-5.2 Radon

B-6 OUTDOOR ACTIVITY AREA

B-6.1 Play Areas and Equipment

B-6.2 Safety Background

APPENDIX C POISONOUS AND NON-POISONOUS PLANTS

APPENDIX D SAMPLE FURNISHINGS, FIXTURES AND EQUIPMENT LISTS

D-1 FF&E SAMPLE LISTS

APPENDIX E SAMPLE KITCHEN EQUIPMENT

E-1 KITCHEN EQUIPMENT LISTS BY FACILITY SIZE

E-1.1 Small CDC

E-1.2 Medium CDC

E-1.3 Large and Extra Large CDC

APPENDIX F GLOSSARY

v

F-1 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

F-2 DEFINITION OF TERMS

FIGURES

FIGURE 2-1. FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIP BUBBLE DIAGRAM

FIGURE B-1. ANTHROPOMETRIC DIMENSIONS

TABLES

TABLE 2-1. PROGRAM AREAS

TABLE 2-2. CAREGIVER/CHILD RATIOS

TABLE 2-3. SAMPLE PROGRAM SPACE REQUIREMENTS FOR CORE

ADMINISTRATION

TABLE 2-4. SAMPLE PROGRAM SPACE REQUIREMENTS FOR STAFF SUPPORT

TABLE 2-5. SAMPLE PROGRAM SPACE REQUIREMENTS FOR FACILITY

SUPPORT

TABLE 2-6. CHILD ACTIVITY ROOM SPACE REQUIREMENTS

TABLE 2-7. CHILD ACTIVITY ROOM SPACE REQUIREMENT BREAKDOWN

TABLE 3-1. HARDWARE SCHEDULE

TABLE 4-1. ENTRANCE/LOBBY/CORRIDORS

TABLE 4-2. RECEPTION/WORK AREA

TABLE 4-3 ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICES

TABLE 4-4. BREAK/STAFF ROOM

TABLE 4-5. TRAINING ROOM

TABLE 4-6. CENTRAL STORAGE

TABLE 4-7. STAFF/PUBLIC TOILETS/JANITOR’S CLOSET

TABLE 4-8. KITCHEN

TABLE 4-9. LAUNDRY

TABLE 4-10. CHILD ACTIVITY ROOMS

TABLE 4-10.1. CAR TOILETS

TABLE 4-10.2. CAR DIAPER CHANGING AREA

TABLE 4-10.3. CAR ADULT SINK WITH COUNTER

TABLE 4-10.4. CHILD INTEREST CENTERS

TABLE 4-11. MULTIPURPOSE ROOM

vi

TABLE 4-12. NURSING ROOM

TABLE 4-13 NURSES OFFICE

TABLE B-1. ANTHROPOMETRICAL DATA

TABLE C-1. COMMON POISONOUS PLANTS

TABLE C-2. COMMON NON-POISONOUS PLANTS

TABLE D-1. SAMPLE FURNISHINGS AND EQUIPMENT

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1-1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE.

FC 4-740-14N provides requirements for evaluating and planning the site, determining programming requirements, establishing space distribution needs, determining building size, and designing all outdoor and indoor spaces for Navy and Marine Corps Child Development Center (CDC) facilities to support the child development program. Unless specifically indicated for only one of the 2 services, requirements in this FC apply to facilities for both Navy and Marine Corps. The information in this FC applies to the design of all new construction projects as well as renovation projects. Renovation projects should update existing facilities to meet the guidance and criteria within budgetary constraints. Further, this FC serves as an ongoing program management tool within the Navy and Marine Corps child development programs. This FC is not intended as a substitution during design for thorough review by individual Child Development Program Managers in each of the Services.

Chapter 1 provides an overview of the FC document, an overview of the facility, and the applicable regulatory authorities. Chapters 2 and 3 provide planning and design criteria that apply to the facility as a whole. Chapters 4 and 5 provide design criteria for the individual facility and site spaces and establish the baseline levels of features and finishes to be provided in those spaces. This FC also identifies desired or allowable design features. The objective of this FC is to promote centers that are child-oriented, developmentally appropriate, environmentally sensitive, safe, accessible and functional.

1-2 APPLICABILITY.

This FC applies to all military service elements and contractors involved in the planning, design, and construction of Navy and Marine Corps child development centers. Note:

where one Service's criteria vary from the other Services' criteria, it is noted in the text as a Service Exception. If a Navy exception is noted, it does not apply to the Marine Corps unless specifically noted. Joint Bases should follow the Service criteria for the Supporting Component.

1-3 GENERAL BUILDING REQUIREMENTS.

Comply with UFC 1-200-01, General Building Requirements. UFC 1-200-01 provides applicability of model building codes and government unique criteria for typical design disciplines and building systems, as well as for accessibility, antiterrorism, security, high performance and sustainability requirements, and safety. Use this FC in addition to UFC 1-200-01 and the UFCs and government criteria referenced therein.

1-4 REFERENCES.

Appendix A contains a list of references used in this document. The publication date of the code or standard is not included in this document. In general, the latest available issuance of the reference is used.

1-5 GLOSSARY.

Appendix F contains acronyms, abbreviations, and terms.

1-6 USERS OF THE FACILITY.

The primary users of CDCs are as follows:

1-6.1 Children.

• Infants (6 weeks-12 months)

• Pre-toddlers (12 months-24 months)

• Toddlers (24 months-36 months)

• Preschool/Pre-K/Kindergarten Age (3-5 years) 1-6.2 Facility Staff.

• Program Administrators/ Directors

• Assistant Directors

• Training and Curriculum Specialists

• Group Leaders/Caregivers

• Family Child Care Director (USMC)/Child Development Home Directors (Navy)

• Receptionist or Operations Clerks/U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Clerks/Monitors

• Cook and Food Service Staff

• Custodial Staff 1-6.3 Parents.

1-7 REGULATORY AUTHORITIES.

See Chapter 3, “General Design Criteria”, for references to the governing building and construction codes and statutes. The program regulatory authorities are included below.

1-7.1 Military Authorities.

The comprehensive authorities having jurisdiction for CDCs are the following:

1-7.1.1 Navy.

The following authorities must approve the acquisition methodology, the design team composition, site selection, facility requirements, the DD Form 1391, concept development, and the final design-build request for proposal (RFP) or final design:

• Commander of Naval Installations Command (CNIC) N926 Child and Youth Programs, and N944 Fleet and Family Readiness, Integrity Drive, Millington, TN 38055-6560.

• NAVFAC FAC/FEC

Planners must contact N926 and N944 during planning development and prior to final signature of the DD Form 1391.

1-7.1.2 Marine Corps.

The following authorities must approve the acquisition methodology, the design team composition, site selection, facility requirements, the DD Form 1391, concept development, and the final DB RFP or final design:

• HQMC, Marine Corps Installations Command (GF-4)

• HQMC, Marine and Family Programs Division (MFY-3)

• HQMC, Semper Fit and Exchange Services Division (MRD) 1-7.2 Occupancy Classification.

CDCs are classified as Day-Care Occupancy when applying NFPA 101, Life Safety Code, and I-4 when applying the International Building Code (IBC).

1-7.3 Certification.

The CDC must be certified by DoD and accredited by an external accrediting agency.

1-7.4 Additional Requirements.

See Chapter 5, “General Design Requirements” for additional certification requirements on the design of the outdoor activity area and the selection and installation of playground equipment.

This Page Intentionally Left Blank

CHAPTER 2 PLANNING AND LAYOUT

2-1 SCOPE OF FACILITY.

The CDC accommodates a Department of Defense (DoD) child care program per Public Law 104-106, Section 568 of Title 10, United States Code, and Department of Defense Instruction (DoDI) 6060.2, Child Development Programs. The MCCA of 1989 (Pub.L.101-89) was recodified as the Military Family Act and Military Child Care Act, February 10, 1996.

2-1.1 Functional Program Areas.

Table 2-1 lists and describes the CDC functional program areas. They are broken down into four categories: core administration, staff support, facility support, and child activity areas.

Table 2-1. Program Areas

Functional Program Area Description Core Administration

Entrance/Lobby Includes vestibule, circulation from the vestibule to the reception desk, the circulation in front of the reception desk, and areas dedicated to waiting.

Public/Staff Toilet ABA-compliant.

Reception/Work Area Accommodates staff workers behind the reception counter and any circulation to adjacent office spaces and the isolation area, if applicable. Includes office equipment general work space.

Administration Offices The required offices will vary both by Service and Installation. Refer to Chapter 2, “Administrative Offices”, for Service contacts and additional guidance. Include associated storage.

Director’s Work, securable storage and conference space for the CDC director.

Assistant Director Workspace for an assistant director; not included for every Service or facility.

Nurses Office Marine Corps-only space. Provides a private room to isolate a sick child from the rest of the children until a parent can pick him or her up.

Training and Curriculum Specialist Workspace for a specialist, space for staff training, and file storage. May be combined with other spaces.

Family Child Care (FCC) USMC program. Workspace for program staff (one staff per 15 FCC providers, i.e., licensed or in the process of becoming licensed), one clerical, and file storage. May require additional space for an FCC lending program.

May be located in the CDC or combined with other spaces.

Table 2-1. Program Areas

Functional Program Area Description Child Development Home (CDH) Navy program. Workspace for program staff (one staff per 30 CDH providers, i.e., licensed or in the process of becoming licensed), one clerical, one resource, one referral (as required), and file storage. May require additional space for a CDH lending program. Not included for every facility.

Resource and Referral Workspace with securable storage. May be located in the CDC or combined with other spaces.

Staff Support Break/Staff Room Includes counter/cabinet space for microwave and small appliances, sink and refrigerator; tables and chairs and soft seating; and individual lockable storage, if applicable.

Training Space to facilitate staff training. Space may accommodate computers for TACS/T&C’s and staff to facilitate training/distant learning. Provide shelving or storage for resources and training supplies. Trainer may be co-located in training room or in separate office.

Central Storage Storage of both bulk and individual items used throughout the facility.

Staff/Public Toilet ABA-compliant, distributed throughout facility.

Facility Support

Kitchen Accommodates all food preparation, dishwashing, cart storage, dry goods storage, coolers and freezers, and cook work stations.

Janitorial Accommodates janitorial supplies, equipment, and mop sink. Large and Extra Large facilities may have more than one room.

Laundry Accommodates washers and dryers, a sink, work surface for folding, storage cabinet for detergents, and space for laundry carts or baskets.

Security and Monitoring Systems Accomodates closed circuit TV video equipment, intrusion detection system, access control system, and exit notification system

Other Facility Support Includes building circulation, construction, mechanical rooms, and electrical rooms (see Chapter 4 for more information). Generally calculated at a percentage of total building area, ranging from 25 to 30 percent.

Child Activity Areas Child Activity Rooms (CAR) Accommodates developmental and routine activities, children's displays, eating, and all other child care activities in a self-contained environment. Each room accomodates two ratio groups, and includes storage and toileting areas.

Infants and Pre-toddlers Accommodates two groups of infants Toddlers and Preschoolers Accommodates two groups of toddlers or one group of

Preschoolers Preschoolers/Pre-K/Kindergarten Accommodates two groups of Preschoolers/Pre-K/K

Nursing Space Accomodates mothers in a breastfeeding friendly environment.

Table 2-1. Program Areas

Functional Program Area Description Multipurpose room/Active Play Optional. Service contacts provided in Chapter 1, Regulatory Authorities, must provide approval for inclusion of this space. Space to accommodate children for large group activities, wheel toy play, exercise, group games, or indoor play. This room may also support other activities such as parenting classes and staff training.

Outdoor Activity Areas Supervised outdoor areas with direct access from the CAR. Outdoor activity play areas serve as extensions of classroom space and must be provided to support programming. Playground to be divided into individual separate areas to accommodate the different age groups occupying the facility. Playground equipment is arranged to ensure that children are visible and supervision is maintained.

Infants and Pre-toddlers Separate, fenced areas with visual and audible connections to the other outdoor activity areas and limited play equipment. Infant and pretoddler areas may be combined or may be separate if required to maintain direct access from the CARs.

Toddlers Separate, fenced area with visual and audible connections to the other outdoor activity areas and additional play equipment.

Preschool/Pre-K/Kindergarten Separate, larger fenced area with visual and audible connections to the other outdoor activity areas, additional play equipment, and more structured activity areas.

2-2 FACILITY PLANNING.

Evaluate the total childcare requirements for the populations and missions of the individual Installation. Plan and budget for durable materials and details. A CDC is used intensely, and the design must be sensitive to the life cycle cost of materials.

2-2.1 Facility Classification.

Once the demand has been determined, classify the facility size as follows:

• Small. Less than 100 children

• Medium. 100 to 200 children

• Large. 201 to 300 children

• Extra Large. 301 children and up No CDC will accommodate less than 48 children without approval from the Service contacts identified in Chapter 1, “Regulatory Authorities”.

2-2.2 Age Groups and Group Sizes.

Children are grouped according to age and different age group sizes vary. Group sizes are used to determine the number and type of Child Activity Rooms (CARs) in the CDC.

2-2.2.1 Ages Accepted.

Child Development Programs (CDP) according to DoDI 6060.02 states CDP is for children birth through 12 years; however, this FC addresses design of Child Development Centers for children from six weeks through five years of age.

2-2.2.2 Group Size and Caregiver-Child Ratio.

Table 2-2 provides the age groups, ratios of caregiver and children, and the group limits. These ratios exceed NFPA and require additional life safety features – see Chapter 3 Section titled “Fire Protection and Life Safety” for these additional requirements. In any individual center, actual age ranges between groups may overlap.

In some centers, children may be grouped in mixed-age activity rooms. In these cases, use the design criteria for the youngest children in the group. Appendix B provides more information on the age groups and their developmental needs.

Table 2-2. Caregiver/Child Ratios

Group

Age Range

Adult/Child Ratio

Group Limit*

Infants 6 wks. to 12 mos. 1 to 4 8 Pre-Toddlers 12 mos. to 24 mos. 1 to 5 10 Toddlers 24 mos. to 36 mos. 1 to 7 14 Pre School/Pre-K/K Age 3 yrs. to 5 yrs. 1 to 12 24

* The group limit is the limit for children only.

2-2.3 Operational Considerations.

Some other programs accept children whose parents are not at home before and after school hours or who wish to place children in a care situation between school and family-gathering time. However, before and after school care programs usually occur somewhere other than a Child Development Center for DoD facilities. The three basic scheduling patterns are as follows:

• Full Day. Children attending for a full day, for example, as many as 12 hours.

• Part Day. Children attending part of a day, typically a half-day or less on a regular, scheduled basis.

• Hourly. Children attending for one hour or more on an infrequent or unscheduled basis.

2-3 SITE PLANNING.

2-3.1 Land Area Requirements.

Provide land area requirements as noted below. Ensure that the required antiterrorism set-back distances can be accommodated with any site selected. See UFC 2-000-05N, (P-80) Facility Planning Criteria for Navy/Marine Corps Shore Installations for land planning requirements.

2-3.2 Site Selection.

Select a site that meets the following criteria.

2-3.2.1 Noise Requirements.

Do not locate CDC’s near airfields, industrial areas, or other areas with high noise levels. If noise levels at the CDC site exceed 70 dBA continuous, or 80 dBA intermittent, then comply with the acoustical criteria provided in Chapter 3, Exterior Design.

2-3.2.2 Natural Light.

Do not use locations without access to natural light for new CDCs.

2-3.2.3 Natural Environment.

Select a site with as many natural amenities as possible for a beneficial learning environment. These include the following: nontoxic plants and trees; non-dangerous animals; earth forms; rolling terrain; and natural protection from the sun, wind and rain.

Develop a site plan that makes the most of the site’s existing natural resources. Where possible, conserve existing natural areas and restore damaged areas to provide habitat and promote biodiversity.

2-3.2.4 Site Elevation.

Do not select a site that is near the installation’s lowest elevation. Do not select a site near marsh areas, as mosquitos, flies, and other insects should be separated from CDC Outdoor Play environments.

2-3.2.5 Visibility.

Locate CDCs in areas of high visibility to deter crime and vandalism, e.g., locate amidst community facilities, housing, and parks.

2-3.2.6 Hazards.

Do not locate CDCs near the following hazards or nuisances:

• Fuel or other HAZMAT storage buildings

• Service stations

• Maintenance shops, including woodworking and painting areas

• Laundry facilities

• Large kitchen/food preparation facilities

• Aircraft runways

• Railroads

• Security areas

• Any facility producing odors, smoke, dust or pollution

• Unsafe buildings

• Explosives

• Radiation

• Utility substations and overhead power lines 2-3.2.7 Vehicular Traffic.

Avoid locations near busy streets and intersections. If this is not possible, provide mitigation measures, such as bollards, to increase safety at pedestrian areas and playgrounds.

Prepare a site traffic impact study to determine the traffic patterns and the peak demand for parking. Large and Extra Large CDC’s will have a significant impact on peak traffic patterns. The circulation and parking demand includes the turnover for the hourly care program and the part-day care program. See Chapter 3, “Parking/Vehicular Circulation”, for specific requirements.

2-3.2.8 Soil Testing.

Before selecting the site for the center and its playground, test the soil for the presence of dangerous contaminants. Also, check previous uses of the site. Investigate proposed playground locations adjacent to old structures, which may be painted with lead paint or contain other hazards. Check with the Environmental Installation Restoration Program and the Underground Storage Tank Program. Continue to monitor the site, at the direction of the environmental safety staff, to ensure that it does not become subsequently contaminated, especially by lead. This is particularly a concern in urban areas or where there is a heavy concentration of automobiles or industrial facilities.

2-3.2.9 Domestic Water Testing.

Test domestic water for levels of lead both during the site selection process and again after project completion, and mitigate as necessary.

2-3.3 Site Layout.

2-3.3.1 Internal Traffic Flow.

Site the CDC so the building is clearly visible to cars and pedestrians coming to the facility. Separate service and delivery access from the public and children's areas.

Eliminate the potential for conflict between moving vehicles and children. See Chapter 3, “Exit Requirements”, for additional requirements.

2-3.3.2 Outdoor Areas.

Design the outdoor activity area to be directly accessible from the CARs. When planning the outdoor activity area, consider prevailing weather patterns that may affect children's comfort. For example, locate, as necessary in some geographical areas, the outdoor areas on the south side of the building where they will be protected from northerly winds. See Chapter 5 for more information.

2-4 SPACE REQUIREMENTS.

2-4.1 Introduction.

This FC states area requirements in terms of Net Floor Area (NFA) or Gross Floor Area (GFA). NFA is the net usable area of spaces, excluding the area required for building construction and mechanical and electrical equipment. GFA is the total building footprint measured to the exterior side of the exterior wall. Space requirements for individual spaces are expressed as NFA. GFA is determined, where appropriate, by adding to NFA totals an estimated area for building construction (including wall thickness, ventilation space, etc.) and mechanical/electrical equipment rooms.

2-4.2 Space Programs.

Sample space programs for the four CDC size classifications are illustrated in Tables 2- 3 to 2-6. They are grouped according to the four functional program areas.

For Navy and USMC CDCs, an interactive spreadsheet is available to help develop a space program for a specific project. It is completed by first selecting the appropriate facility size classification. This generates a partial space program per Tables 2-3 through 2-6 of this FC. The programmer then must select the facility options and enter the quantity of age-specific CARs. The Child Development Center Space Program spreadsheet is available as a downloadable Microsoft© Excel© file from the Whole Building Design Guide Website (www.wbdg.org) under the NAVFAC Design-Build Master page, Design Guidance, located at http://www.wbdg.org/ndbm/design_guidance.php.

2-4.2.1 Core Administration, Staff Support and Facility Support.

The space programs illustrated in Tables 2-3 to 2-5 are purely sample programs and are not intended to establish fixed design programs for CDC planning teams.

Determine the actual total space program for CDC Core Administrative functions, Staff http://www.wbdg.org/ndbm/design_guidance.php

Support functions, and Facility Support functions by considering the anticipated number of children accommodated by the facility and the specific space and design criteria provided in this FC.

2-4.2.2 Child Activity and Multipurpose Rooms.

• The space requirements for CARs in Table 2-6 are mandatory and must not be changed. Determine the total number of activity rooms for specific age groups based on the number and ages of children to be accommodated per Chapter 2, “Facility Planning”.

• Provide a Nursing Room in close proximity to the Infant/Pre-toddler wing of the facility and visible to staff for monitoring.

• Verify the need for a multipurpose room with the Service contacts provided in Chapter 1, Regulatory Authorities. Service Exception: Navy contacts will determine when climatic conditions warrant the requirement for a multi-purpose room. As a general rule, only those Navy bases with extreme (heat, cold, rain) climates should consider programming a Multi-purpose room.

Table 2-3. Sample Program Space Requirements for Core Administration

Standard CDC Areas

Functional Spaces Small Medium Large Extra Large ft.2

(m2) ft.2

(m2) ft.2

(m2) ft.2

(m2) Entrance/Lobby. Includes vestibule, circulation space from the vestibule to the reception desk, the circulation space in front of the reception desk, and all areas dedicated to waiting.

(11.2)

(16.7)

(37.2)

(41.8)

Reception/Work Area. Generally includes space required for staff workers behind the reception counter and any circulation space leading to adjacent office space, to the isolation room and to the toilet. It does not include any space for general public. Includes the net space required to enclose any office equipment such as printers, faxes, copiers, computers, and video recording equipment, if any. It also includes general office work space (work tables or work surfaces).

(26.0)

(35.3)

(48.3)

(48.3)

Administration Offices. The required offices will vary both by Service and by Installation. Refer to Chapter 2, “Administrative Offices”, for Service contact names and more information. These ranges are rough estimates.

to

(37.2 to 55.7) to

(41.8 to 60.4) to

(51.1 to 69.7) to

1,000 (74.3 to 92.9)

Nurses Office. Marine Corps-only area for isolating and observing a sick child.

(7.4)

(7.4)

(14.9)

(14.9)

Nursing Room/Space. Area for mothers (1-2) to have privacy in breast-feeding friendly environment. Includes space for soft seating, sinks, table, counter and diaper changing table. Extra Large requires 2 rooms.

(5.6)

(5.6)

(5.6)

(9.3)

Table 2-4. Sample Program Space Requirements for Staff Support ft.2

(m2) ft.2

(m2) ft.2

(m2)

Break/Staff Room. Includes space for counter/cabinet space for microwave, sink and refrigerator, space for tables and chairs for staff. Provide closet or lockers for coats and jackets.

(16.7)

(20.4)

(27.9)

(35.3)

Training Room. Includes space for a conference room, resource bookshelves, and 2 workstations for computer-based training. Sized to accommodate 30% of staff.

(26.0)

(35.3)

(44.6)

(53.9)

Central Storage. Generally includes any space required for storage of both bulk and individual items for use within the CARs and in the office area. Includes space to store any equipment such as Audio/Visual equipment that is rotated in the CARs or used in training.

(9.3)

(12.1)

(13.9)

(16.7)

Staff/Public Toilet. This area must be sized based upon building code requirements (occupant load/occupancy) and must be ABA compliant.

(11.2)

(18.6)

(26.0)

(33.4)

Table 2-5. Sample Program Space Requirements for Facility Support ft.2

(m2) ft.2

(m2) ft.2

(m2)

Kitchen. Includes space for all food preparation and dishwashing, as well as cart storage, dry goods storage, coolers and freezers, and work station for cooks.

Note: areas include walk-in freezers and refrigerators for medium CDC’s and larger, sized for weekly deliveries

(65.0)

1,000 (92.9)

(111.5)

(130.1)

Janitorial. Includes all floor space required for storing janitorial supplies and equipment. Includes a mop sink.

Large and Extra Large facilities may have more than one room

(5.6)

(5.6)

(7.4)

(7.4)

Bye-Bye Buggy Storage. Alcoves in the vicinity of the infants and pre-toddlers rooms for storage of bye-bye buggies.

(2.3)

(4.7)

(7.0)

(9.3)

Video Surveillance Room. Includes video equipment and electronic storage components for surveillance system.

(5.6)

(5.6)

(5.6)

(5.6)

Laundry. Includes area required for washers and dryers, one dryer more than the number of washers and a sink and work surface for folding.

(7.4)

(10.2)

(12.1)

(20.4)

Other Facility Support. Generally calculated at a percentage of total building area, this includes building construction, circulation/corridors, public restrooms, mechanical rooms, and electrical rooms (see Chapter 3, “Services”, for more information). A rough percentage of total building area for these items would range from 25 to 30 percent; however, these spaces are inherently variable as a result of installation unique requirements. Consult with mechanical engineer and CDC Program Manager when programming these spaces.

Table 2-6. Child Activity Room Space Requirements

Age Group(s) Accommodated Room Area m2 ft.2 Infants and Pre-toddlers. This room can accommodate two groups of infants (eight children total) or two groups of pre-toddlers (10 children total).

78.97 850

Toddlers and Preschoolers. This room can accommodate two groups of toddlers (14 children total) or one group of Preschoolers (12 children total).

88.3 950

Preschoolers/Pre-K/Kindergarten. This room can accommodate two groups of Preschoolers/Pre-K/K (24 children total).

133.8 1440

Multi-purpose Room (Optional) for Small and Medium CDC’s. Space to accommodate children for large group activities, wheel toy play, exercise, group games, or indoor play. Space includes storage and a toilet. This room may also support other activities such as parenting classes and staff training.

111.5 1,200

Multi-purpose Room (Optional) for Large and Extra-Large CDC’s. 204.4 2,200 Note: While the rooms are set-up to accommodate more than one age group in terms of space and facilities, usually two age groups will never share a room. See Chapter 2, “Child Activity Rooms” for more detailed breakdown of Child Activity Room spaces.

2-4.3 Administrative Offices.

2-4.3.1 Quantity and Type.

The quantity and type of administrative offices are Service and facility specific. At a minimum, two offices are provided: One for the CDC director and one shared office.

The shared office would accommodate the training and curriculum specialist and the FCC/CDH program (see Chapter 2, “Functional Program Areas”, for a description of these programs). Larger facilities and programs will provide separate and even multiple training/curriculum and FCC/CDH offices, as well as an assistant director’s office.

Additional design criteria for these offices are provided in Chapter 4. Do not program CDC office space types and sizes without first consulting with the Service contacts identified in Chapter 1, “Regulatory Authorities”.

2-4.3.2 Typical Sizes.

• Director’s Office. Small at 100 ft.2 (9.3 m2) minimum; medium at 120 ft.2 (11.2 m2); and large and extra large at 140 ft.2 (13 m2).

• Training and Curriculum Specialist. One to two offices at 100 ft.2 (9.3 m2) minimum.

• FCC/CDH Office. Variable by program and size.

• Resource and Referral Office. If provided as a separate office, 100 ft.2 (9.3 m2) minimum.

2-4.4 Child Activity Rooms.

Each CAR includes required subspaces. These subspaces and their space requirements are identified in Table 2-7. One of these subspaces is uninterrupted activity space (UAS). UAS is defined as space used exclusively for activity, excluding diaper changing, food preparation, toilets, storage areas, installed millwork, door swings, and dedicated circulation space. Dedicated circulation space is built into the area for each of the subspaces. Sizes shown are net areas.

Table 2-7. Child Activity Room Space Requirement Breakdown

Age Group(s) Accommodated Room Area m2 ft.2

Infants and Pre-toddlers. This room can accommodate two groups of infants (eight children total) or two groups of pre-toddlers (10 children total).

78.97 850

Uninterrupted activity space 48.31 520 One child toilet 2.79 30 Children's hand washing station 1.39 15 Adult sink with counter 4.65 50 Diapering station, including sink and storage 4.65 50 Crib area 9.29 100 Cubby storage 2.32 25 General storage closet 5.57 60

Toddlers and Preschoolers. This room can accommodate two groups of toddlers (14 children total) or one group of Preschoolers (12 children total).

88.3 950

Uninterrupted activity space 58.53 630 Two child toilets 4.65 50 Two children's hand washing stations 2.79 30 Children’s art sink 1.39 15 Adult sink with counter 4.65 50 Diapering station, including sink and storage 4.65 50 Cubby storage 6.04 65 General storage closet 5.57 60

Preschoolers/Pre-Kindergarten/Kindergarten. This room can accommodate two groups of Preschoolers/Pre-K/K (24 children total).

133.8 1,440

Uninterrupted activity space 100.3 1,080 Two toilets 4.65 50 Two children's hand washing stations 2.79 30 Children’s art sink 1.39 15 Adult sink with counter 4.65 50 Diapering station, including sink and storage 4.65 50 Cubby storage 9.75 105 General storage closet 5.57 60

2-5 ORGANIZATION AND LAYOUT.

2-5.1 General Adjacencies.

2-5.1.1 Bubble diagram.

Figure 2-1, Functional Relationship Bubble Diagram, provides the general required adjacencies. The multipurpose room is optional and will only be provided at the discretion of the contacts provided in Chapter 1, Regulatory Authorities.

Figure 2-1. Functional Relationship Bubble Diagram

2-5.1.2 Noise Level Zoning.

Zone the building in terms of noise levels so that activity rooms and/or spaces are grouped together and separated by distance and/or barriers from quiet rooms and/or spaces.

2-5.2 Non-standalone CDC External Adjacencies.

Locate CDCs on a first floor, at-grade level permitting exit discharge directly outside the building. CDCs are not permitted in basements. CDCs must not be located in a mixed occupancy with high hazard or storage occupancies. In any permitted mixed occupancy, CDCs must be separated from other occupancies by a minimum of 1-hour rated construction. In mixed occupancies, the CDC and CDC outdoor areas must be separated from the other occupants; no access is allowed from upper fire exits or through the space to others’ spaces.

Site selection must be approved prior to submission of DD Form 1391 by the contacts identified in Chapter 1, “Regulatory Authorities”.

2-5.3 Child Activity Room Adjacencies.

2-5.3.1 Building and Site Adjacencies.

Organize and group CARs by age group (infant, pre-toddler, toddler, and preschool/Pre- K/K). Arrange age groups nearest the next age group to simplify and possibly consolidate playground areas. In small centers, design to allow for future expansion and addition of CARs.

Locate CARs along the exterior perimeter of the building to provide direct egress from each activity room to an age-appropriate playground and to maximize natural light admission. Provide direct access to the central circulation system and locate close to common use spaces. Locate the infant/pre-toddler rooms closest to the reception/lobby area because the child is usually carried to the room, along with diaper bags and other supplies.

2-5.3.2 Internal Adjacencies.

Internal room adjacencies are driven by the following key factors:

• Visibility. Do not create blind spots within the room. The caregivers should be able to see all areas of the room. Toilets positioned to provide semi-privacy from corridor and entry to CAR.

• Sanitation. Physically separate the adult sink and counter (where food preparation takes place) from the child hand washing/toilets and diaper changing.

2-6 ADDITIONS/ALTERATIONS/RENOVATIONS TO EXISTING

FACILITIES.

Modernize existing facilities according to the design criteria established in this FC. The objective of all modernization projects is to meet new construction standards to the maximum extent possible within the programmed criteria.

2-6.1 Program.

For CDCs that will be located in existing, modernized facilities, the CAR size and distribution must follow the criteria given in Chapter 2, “Space Requirements”, and Chapter 4. Adapt the standard CDC activity areas to accommodate the existing structure. However, send all proposed modifications to the standard criteria to the contacts defined in Chapter 1, Regulatory Authorities.

2-6.2 Design.

When modifying an existing building, analyze its potential with regard to location, site services, architecture, structure, internal environmental systems, and functional adaptability. Enhance its architectural character in accordance with the local base architectural compatibility standards.

CHAPTER 3 GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA

3-1 GENERAL.

UFC 1-200-01 provides applicability of model building codes and government criteria.

UFC 1-200-01 identifies, through references, key unified facility criteria and requirements including accessibility, antiterrorism, security, sustainability, safety, discipline specific, and building systems. The facility-specific design requirements in this FC are to be used in addition to or to modify UFC 1-200-01 and the referenced UFCs and government criteria.

3-1.1 Authorized Building Program.

A DD1391 funding document is developed for all new construction projects which establishes the project requirements and authorized building size. The designer can use the functional diagrams contained herein to create the logical flow and individual space allocations for approved functions within the facility, however the design must not exceed the square footage allowances of the DD1391 or add functions in the facility if the functions are not authorized in the validated DD1391.

3-1.2 Accessibility.

The specifications in DoD, “ABA (Architectural Barriers Act) Accessibility Standard” contain alternate specifications based on children's dimensions and anthropometrics for ages 3 and up (preschool age). This FC contains alternate specifications for infants, pre-toddlers, and toddlers for drinking fountains/bubblers, water closets, toilet stalls, lavatories, sinks, and fixed or built-in seating and tables. All spaces, including toilets for preschool age and older, janitor’s closet, and storage rooms must be ABA compliant.

Also note the following guidelines for children for the purpose of the CDC facility design:

• Infants, pre-toddlers, and toddlers are not considered to be self-mobile wheelchair users; they are assisted and transferred by caregivers.

• Preschool-age children are considered to be self-mobile wheelchair users.

3-2 STRUCTURAL FOUNDATION INSULATION.

In addition to the criteria established in UFC 1-200-01, the following requirements are specific to CDC’s. Since children spend a great deal of time on the floor, both temperature control and avoidance of drafts are very important. Maximize insulation of floors, including perimeter insulation of floor slabs, as required by project location.

3-3 ARCHITECTURE.

Refer to UFC 1-200-01 and comply with stated and cross referenced requirements for Architecture. Also comply with the following CDC- specific requirements.

3-3.1 Stories.

Unless approved by the Service regulatory authorities, newly constructed CDCs must be single-story structures.

3-3.2 Exterior Design.

3-3.2.1 Architectural Style and Scale.

Design CDCs to reflect a residential, non-institutional character to meet installation Architectural standards. For example, small-scale finish materials, such as bricks, are preferable to large pre-cast panels. The dimension of brick is more congruent with the size of a child and his or her home experience. Minimize the use of irregular geometry in the overall building design that results in any wall angle other than 90° in the offices, CARs, or service areas.

For new CDCs, contain the facility in one building. For annexes to existing buildings, they may be joined by an enclosed and covered walkway.

3-3.2.2 Entrance.

The perimeter of the building and outdoor activity areas must have only one primary means of public access and egress. Control all other service and emergency egress points, with access limited to authorized individuals. Design the entry approach to be visible by inside staff. Incorporate a point of reference or landmark that serves as a welcome and a transition. Visually separate the primary entrance from other entrances and service areas. If budget allows, provide a covered main entry that connects to a covered walkway to short-term parking to protect arriving children and parents from inclement weather.

In cold climates, provide a canopy or recess at required egress doors to ensure that doors can completely open without obstruction from snow and ice.

3-3.2.3 Roof.

The preferred roof is a gable or hip with minimal level changes or projections. Roof overhangs assist with reducing glare in CARs and should be coordinated with shade structures in the outdoor activity areas. See Chapter 5, “Shade”, for more information on outdoor activity area shade structures.

3-3.2.4 Windows and Doors.

Windows and doors must replicate a residential style and scale. Locate windows so that children have visual access to the outside. Locate vision panels in doors so that small children at floor level can be seen and potential injury avoided. Recess or locate casement and other projecting types of windows to preclude dangerous protrusions at child and adult heights. For warm climate locations, give due diligence to material and color selection for exterior windows and doors that children may touch.

Natural lighting is essential in CDCs. Provide throughout to the highest degree possible. If budget permits, provide natural lighting coming from multiple directions.

3-3.2.4.1 General Window Criteria.

Construct, adapt or adjust all windows in areas used by children under 5 years of age to limit the exit opening accessible to children to less than 3.5 in. (90 mm), or be otherwise protected by guards that do not block outdoor light. Screen all openings used for ventilation. Use insulated glass for exterior window glazing. Provide light control and energy conservation features on all exterior windows, either by exterior or interior methods. In new construction, include exterior overhangs, low E-type glass, or both.

For exterior window sills accessible to children, avoid sharp edges and corners.

Adhere to the following safety glass standards:

• Consumer Product Safety Commission, 16 CFR, Part 1201, Safety Standard for Architectural Glazing.

• ANSI Z97.1, Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings - Safety Performance Specifications and Methods of Test.

3-3.2.4.2 Child Activity Room Window Criteria.

Provide child activity rooms with glass exterior walls from a maximum sill height of 11 in.

(280 mm) above finished floor. Place the sill bottom on the finished floor for infant/pre-toddler rooms. Do not place sill heights between 3 and 10 in. (75 and 255 mm).

Comply with the following criteria:

• All exterior windows must be operable. A minimum of 25 percent of each window must be operable. Operable portion of the windows must be no lower than 48 in. (1220 mm) above finished floor. Windows must have an operating mechanism at a maximum height that meets ABA requirements and have draft deflectors, screens, and safety locks.

• Locate or recess casement and other projecting types of windows or awnings to preclude dangerous protrusions at child and adult heights at both the interior and exterior.

• Any glass lower than 36 in. (915 mm) above the finished floor must be tempered safety glass. Wire glass is not permitted.

• Sills must be of durable material such as solid surface materials or plastic laminate. Horizontal and vertical sill edges and corners must be rounded with a radius of .25-in. (6-mm) and must project no more than .75 in. (20

mm) from the wall.

• If window seats are provided, they must be between 10 and 12 in. (250 and 305 mm) above the finished floor and a minimum of 12 in. (305 mm) deep. Edges and corners of window seats must be rounded with a radius of .25-in. (6-mm).

• Use overhangs or tinted glass to prevent glare in CARs. Avoid excessive or heavy tinting.

• If protruding 2 in. (50 mm) or more, do not locate horizontal window muntins (horizontal mullions) between 12 in. to 43 in. (305 mm and 1100

mm) above the finished floor because they could be used as climbing support.

• If interior shades are used for daylighting control, use shade with 5% perforation opening, color to be medium to dark value, and child safety cords.