ATTACHMENT_J.4_STANDARDIZED_LABOR_CATEGORIES_AND_DEFINITIONS.xlsx
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- Attached to
- Award Notice Federal contract opportunity
- Solicitation number
- GS06Q-16-RL-0002
- Issued by
- GSA Federal Acquisition Service
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Attachment J.4. Standardized Labor Categories and Definitions
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Explanation and Mehodology
Purpose: The BMO government-wide strategic sourcing solution is being developed to assist federal agencies in procuring building maintenance and operations services in smarter, more coordinated, and more transparent ways. One component of this more comprehensive strategy will be the identification of standardized labor categories and labor category definitions which will lead to numerous benefits for both the customer and the vendor. These benefits include: the ability to ensure minimum levels in service quality, a simplification of the acquisition process, better management of pricing, increased competition, an infrastructure for reporting, and better quality assurance. The goal is to create a solution which is clear for vendors to respond to, flexible for customers to use, and manageable for GSA to track.
Methodology: The labor categories and their corresponding definitions in this workbook were identified through a process that draws from industry offerings, governmental buying patterns, and pre-established labor categories managed by the Department of Labor (DOL). First, market research helped identify the services applicable to the BMO solution. These offerings were compared and condensed, looking for commonalities across the vendor community's identified labor categories. This condensed listing of labor categories was then cross-matched with the Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) System (http://www.bls.gov/soc/) based on the functional work responsibilities. That matching resulted in the initial list of labor categories from which the BMO Team will use to construct the BMO acquisition solution.
Contents: "Explanation and Methodology" - Explains how and why the BMO Team is standardizing labor categories and their definitions "Complete SOCs List" - The entire listing of 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) listing of occupations "All SOCs" - All the SOC labor categories and definitions identified to be included in the solution per the methodology listed above "Professional SOCs Used" - All SOC labor categories and definitions without associated Service Contract Act (SCA) wage determination numbers identified to be included in the solution per the methodology listed above "Non Professional SOCs Used" - All SOC labor categories and definitions with associated Service Contract Act (SCA) wage determination numbers identified to be included in the solution per the methodology listed above Individual Occupational Grouping Sheets - All SOC labor categories and definitions under a particular occupational grouping identified to be included in the solution per the methodology listed above
Review: The BMO Team understands that the initial listing of labor categories contained here may need to be refined to produce the optimal mix for the end solution. There may need to be additional labor categories added, others taken away, and it is possible that some need to be reworked. However, in following the methodology described above, the team wanted to provide both the customer and vendor communities a full, un-edited listing to allow as much feedback as possible. This feedback will guide further development of the solution. Please note that labor categories listed as "All Other" (e.g. Managers, All Other) may be included, but these will require further definition to explicitly define what will be included. These labor categories, if included, will have particular requirements outlined and will not be all-encompassing miscellaneous categories.
Labor Category Lvls and Requi.
BMO labor categories have been mapped to the Office of Management and Budget’s (OMB) Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) for which the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) maintains compensation data. Labor categories are further defined as Levels (I through IV) based on experience, education and training, and duties/responsibilities as follows:
| All Labor Categories (excluding Project Management and Enginnering) | |||
| Levels | Minimum years experience | Education/Training | Definition |
| I | 0 | High School or Equivalent | A Level I category is required to have at least an entry level of minimum experience and is required to have at least a minimum education of high school or equivalent. A Level I labor category is responsible for assisting higher levels (III,IV and V). |
| II | 2 | High School or Equivalent with technical experience and appropriate licensing | A Level II category is required to have at least 2 years of minimum experience and is required to have at least a minimum education of high school or equivalent as well as technical experience and appropriate licensing. A Level II labor category (also referred to as Journeyman) typically performs required functions independently requiring minimal supervision and oversight. |
| III | 4 | High School/College (preferred)/ appropriate certifications and licenses | A Level III category is required to have at least 4 years of minimum experience and is required to have at least a minimum education of high school or equivalent as well as technical experience and appropriate licensing. A Level III labor category performs required functions independently and has the ability to make required decisions. |
| IV | 6 | High School/College (preferred)/ appropriate certifications and licenses | A Level IV category is required to have at least 6 years of minimum experience and is required to have at least a minimum education of high school or equivalent (college preferred) as well as technical experience and appropriate certifications and licenses. A Level IV is a senior expert, works independently, typically oversees projects and usually has some supervisory experience. |
| Project Manager and Engineering Labor Categories | |||
| Levels | Minimum years experience | Education/Training | Definition |
| I | 3 | High School/Associate Degree and technical education as well as applicable licenses | A Level I category required to have at least 3 years of level of minimum experience and is required to have at least a minimum education of high school or Associates Degree as well as applicable licenses. A Level I labor category is responsible for assisting higher levels (III,IV and V). |
| II | 5 | College Degree(Degreed Engineer, EE, CE, MBA) | A Level II category required to have at least 5 years of minimum experience and is required to have at least a minimum education of college degree (Engineering, EE, CE, MBA etc.) technical experience and appropriate licensing. A Level II labor category performs required functions independently and has the ability to make required decisions. |
| III | 7 | College Degree(Degreed Engineer, EE, CE, MBA) | A Level III category is required to have at least 7 years of minimum experience and is required to have at least a minimum education of college degree (Engineering, EE, CE, MBA etc.) technical experience and appropriate licensing. and appropriate certifications and licenses. A Level III is a senior expert, works independently, typically oversees projects and usually has some supervisory experience. |
| Contractors may deviate from the definitions above when responding to task order solicitations so long as the deviations are clearly identified in their task order proposal. For example, a Contractor might label an employee as “Level IV”, but the employee does not have a college degree. Likewise, a Contractor might label an employee as “Level II” even though the employee has more than 2 years experience. Deviations shall be clearly identified in proposals submitted in response to task order solicitations. |
| BMO will consider additional labor categories that are not included with this list. All proposed labor categories acceptance will be at the BMO CO's descrection. See Cost Propsal Template for more instructions. |
Complete SOCs List
| Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| On behalf of the Standard Occupational Classification Policy Committee (SOCPC) |
| February 2010 |
| Questions should be emailed to soc@bls.gov |
| SOC Code | SOC Title | SOC Definition |
| 11-1011 | Chief Executives | Determine and formulate policies and provide overall direction of companies or private and public sector organizations within guidelines set up by a board of directors or similar governing body. Plan, direct, or coordinate operational activities at the highest level of management with the help of subordinate executives and staff managers. |
| 11-1021 | General and Operations Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate the operations of public or private sector organizations. Duties and responsibilities include formulating policies, managing daily operations, and planning the use of materials and human resources, but are too diverse and general in nature to be classified in any one functional area of management or administration, such as personnel, purchasing, or administrative services. Excludes First-Line Supervisors. |
| 11-1031 | Legislators | Develop, introduce or enact laws and statutes at the local, tribal, State, or Federal level. Includes only workers in elected positions. |
| 11-2011 | Advertising and Promotions Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate advertising policies and programs or produce collateral materials, such as posters, contests, coupons, or give-aways, to create extra interest in the purchase of a product or service for a department, an entire organization, or on an account basis. |
| 11-2021 | Marketing Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate marketing policies and programs, such as determining the demand for products and services offered by a firm and its competitors, and identify potential customers. Develop pricing strategies with the goal of maximizing the firm's profits or share of the market while ensuring the firm's customers are satisfied. Oversee product development or monitor trends that indicate the need for new products and services. |
| 11-2022 | Sales Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate the actual distribution or movement of a product or service to the customer. Coordinate sales distribution by establishing sales territories, quotas, and goals and establish training programs for sales representatives. Analyze sales statistics gathered by staff to determine sales potential and inventory requirements and monitor the preferences of customers. |
| 11-2031 | Public Relations and Fundraising Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate activities designed to create or maintain a favorable public image or raise issue awareness for their organization or client; or if engaged in fundraising, plan, direct, or coordinate activities to solicit and maintain funds for special projects or nonprofit organizations. |
| 11-3011 | Administrative Services Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate one or more administrative services of an organization, such as records and information management, mail distribution, facilities planning and maintenance, custodial operations, and other office support services. Medical records administrators are included in “Medical and Health Services Managers” (11-9111). Excludes “Purchasing Managers" (11-3061). |
| 11-3021 | Computer and Information Systems Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as electronic data processing, information systems, systems analysis, and computer programming. Excludes “Computer Occupations" (15-1111 through 15-1199). |
| 11-3031 | Financial Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate accounting, investing, banking, insurance, securities, and other financial activities of a branch, office, or department of an establishment. |
| 11-3051 | Industrial Production Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate the work activities and resources necessary for manufacturing products in accordance with cost, quality, and quantity specifications. |
| 11-3061 | Purchasing Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate the activities of buyers, purchasing officers, and related workers involved in purchasing materials, products, and services. Includes wholesale or retail trade merchandising managers and procurement managers. |
| 11-3071 | Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate transportation, storage, or distribution activities in accordance with organizational policies and applicable government laws or regulations. Includes logistics managers. |
| 11-3111 | Compensation and Benefits Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate compensation and benefits activities of an organization. Job analysis and position description managers are included in “Human Resource Managers” (11-3121). |
| 11-3121 | Human Resources Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate human resources activities and staff of an organization. Excludes managers who primarily focus on compensation and benefits (11-3111) and training and development (11-3131). |
| 11-3131 | Training and Development Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate the training and development activities and staff of an organization. |
| 11-9013 | Farmers, Ranchers, and Other Agricultural Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate the management or operation of farms, ranches, greenhouses, aquacultural operations, nurseries, timber tracts, or other agricultural establishments. May hire, train, and supervise farm workers or contract for services to carry out the day-to-day activities of the managed operation. May engage in or supervise planting, cultivating, harvesting, and financial and marketing activities. Excludes “First-Line Supervisors of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers” (45-1011). |
| 11-9021 | Construction Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate, usually through subordinate supervisory personnel, activities concerned with the construction and maintenance of structures, facilities, and systems. Participate in the conceptual development of a construction project and oversee its organization, scheduling, budgeting, and implementation. Includes managers in specialized construction fields, such as carpentry or plumbing. |
| 11-9031 | Education Administrators, Preschool and Childcare Center/Program | Plan, direct, or coordinate the academic and nonacademic activities of preschool and childcare centers or programs. Excludes “Preschool Teachers" (25-2011). |
| 11-9032 | Education Administrators, Elementary and Secondary School | Plan, direct, or coordinate the academic, administrative, or auxiliary activities of public or private elementary or secondary level schools. |
| 11-9033 | Education Administrators, Postsecondary | Plan, direct, or coordinate research, instructional, student administration and services, and other educational activities at postsecondary institutions, including universities, colleges, and junior and community colleges. |
| 11-9039 | Education Administrators, All Other | All education administrators not listed separately. |
| 11-9041 | Architectural and Engineering Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as architecture and engineering or research and development in these fields. Excludes “Natural Sciences Managers" (11-9121). |
| 11-9051 | Food Service Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate activities of an organization or department that serves food and beverages. Excludes “Chefs and Head Cooks” (35-1011). |
| 11-9061 | Funeral Service Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate the services or resources of funeral homes. Includes activities such as determining prices for services or merchandise and managing the facilities of funeral homes. Excludes “Morticians, Undertakers, and Funeral Directors” (39-4031). |
| 11-9071 | Gaming Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate gaming operations in a casino. May formulate house rules. |
| 11-9081 | Lodging Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate activities of an organization or department that provides lodging and other accommodations. Excludes “Food Service Managers" (11-9051) in lodging establishments. |
| 11-9111 | Medical and Health Services Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate medical and health services in hospitals, clinics, managed care organizations, public health agencies, or similar organizations. |
| 11-9121 | Natural Sciences Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as life sciences, physical sciences, mathematics, statistics, and research and development in these fields. Excludes “Architecture and Engineering Managers" (11-9041) and "Computer and Information Systems Managers" (11-3021). |
| 11-9131 | Postmasters and Mail Superintendents | Plan, direct, or coordinate operational, administrative, management, and supportive services of a U.S. post office; or coordinate activities of workers engaged in postal and related work in assigned post office. |
| 11-9141 | Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate the selling, buying, leasing, or governance activities of commercial, industrial, or residential real estate properties. Includes managers of homeowner and condominium associations, rented or leased housing units, buildings, or land (including rights-of-way). |
| 11-9151 | Social and Community Service Managers | Plan, direct, or coordinate the activities of a social service program or community outreach organization. Oversee the program or organization's budget and policies regarding participant involvement, program requirements, and benefits. Work may involve directing social workers, counselors, or probation officers. |
| 11-9161 | Emergency Management Directors | Plan and direct disaster response or crisis management activities, provide disaster preparedness training, and prepare emergency plans and procedures for natural (e.g., hurricanes, floods, earthquakes), wartime, or technological (e.g., nuclear power plant emergencies or hazardous materials spills) disasters or hostage situations. |
| 11-9199 | Managers, All Other | All managers not listed separately. |
| 13-1011 | Agents and Business Managers of Artists, Performers, and Athletes | Represent and promote artists, performers, and athletes in dealings with current or prospective employers. May handle contract negotiation and other business matters for clients. |
| 13-1021 | Buyers and Purchasing Agents, Farm Products | Purchase farm products either for further processing or resale. Includes tree farm contractors, grain brokers and market operators, grain buyers, and tobacco buyers. |
| 13-1022 | Wholesale and Retail Buyers, Except Farm Products | Buy merchandise or commodities, other than farm products, for resale to consumers at the wholesale or retail level, including both durable and nondurable goods. Analyze past buying trends, sales records, price, and quality of merchandise to determine value and yield. Select, order, and authorize payment for merchandise according to contractual agreements. May conduct meetings with sales personnel and introduce new products. Includes assistant wholesale and retail buyers of nonfarm products. |
| 13-1023 | Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, and Farm Products | Purchase machinery, equipment, tools, parts, supplies, or services necessary for the operation of an establishment. Purchase raw or semi-finished materials for manufacturing. Excludes “Buyers and Purchasing Agents, Farm Products" (13-1021) and "Wholesale and Retail Buyers, Except Farm Products" (13-1022). |
| 13-1031 | Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators | Review settled claims to determine that payments and settlements are made in accordance with company practices and procedures. Confer with legal counsel on claims requiring litigation. May also settle insurance claims. Excludes "Fire Inspectors and Investigators" (33-2021). |
| 13-1032 | Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage | Appraise automobile or other vehicle damage to determine repair costs for insurance claim settlement. Prepare insurance forms to indicate repair cost or cost estimates and recommendations. May seek agreement with automotive repair shop on repair costs. |
| 13-1041 | Compliance Officers | Examine, evaluate, and investigate eligibility for or conformity with laws and regulations governing contract compliance of licenses and permits, and perform other compliance and enforcement inspection and analysis activities not classified elsewhere. Excludes "Financial Examiners" (13-2061), “Tax Examiners and Collectors, and Revenue Agents" (13-2081), “Occupational Health and Safety Specialists” (29-9011), “Occupational Health and Safety Technicians” (29-9012), "Transportation Security Screeners" (33-9093), “Agricultural Inspectors” (45-2011), “Construction and Building Inspectors” (47-4011), and “Transportation Inspectors” (53-6051). |
| 13-1051 | Cost Estimators | Prepare cost estimates for product manufacturing, construction projects, or services to aid management in bidding on or determining price of product or service. May specialize according to particular service performed or type of product manufactured. |
| 13-1071 | Human Resources Specialists | Perform activities in the human resource area. Includes employment specialists who screen, recruit, interview, and place workers. Excludes “Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists” (13-1141) and “Training and Development Specialists” (13-1151). |
| 13-1074 | Farm Labor Contractors | Recruit and hire seasonal or temporary agricultural laborers. May transport, house, and provide meals for workers. |
| 13-1075 | Labor Relations Specialists | Resolve disputes between workers and managers, negotiate collective bargaining agreements, or coordinate grievance procedures to handle employee complaints. Excludes equal employment opportunity (EEO) officers who are included in “Compliance Officers” (13-1041). |
| 13-1081 | Logisticians | Analyze and coordinate the logistical functions of a firm or organization. Responsible for the entire life cycle of a product, including acquisition, distribution, internal allocation, delivery, and final disposal of resources. Excludes “Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers” (11-3071). |
| 13-1111 | Management Analysts | Conduct organizational studies and evaluations, design systems and procedures, conduct work simplification and measurement studies, and prepare operations and procedures manuals to assist management in operating more efficiently and effectively. Includes program analysts and management consultants. Excludes “Computer Systems Analysts" (15-1121) and "Operations Research Analysts" (15-2031). |
| 13-1121 | Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners | Coordinate activities of staff, convention personnel, or clients to make arrangements for group meetings, events, or conventions. |
| 13-1131 | Fundraisers | Organize activities to raise funds or otherwise solicit and gather monetary donations or other gifts for an organization. May design and produce promotional materials. May also raise awareness of the organization’s work, goals, and financial needs. |
| 13-1141 | Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists | Conduct programs of compensation and benefits and job analysis for employer. May specialize in specific areas, such as position classification and pension programs. |
| 13-1151 | Training and Development Specialists | Design and conduct training and development programs to improve individual and organizational performance. May analyze training needs. |
| 13-1161 | Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists | Research market conditions in local, regional, or national areas, or gather information to determine potential sales of a product or service, or create a marketing campaign. May gather information on competitors, prices, sales, and methods of marketing and distribution. |
| 13-1199 | Business Operations Specialists, All Other | All business operations specialists not listed separately. |
| 13-2011 | Accountants and Auditors | Examine, analyze, and interpret accounting records to prepare financial statements, give advice, or audit and evaluate statements prepared by others. Install or advise on systems of recording costs or other financial and budgetary data. Excludes “Tax Examiners and Collectors, and Revenue Agents” (13-2081). |
| 13-2021 | Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate | Appraise real property and estimate its fair value. May assess taxes in accordance with prescribed schedules. |
| 13-2031 | Budget Analysts | Examine budget estimates for completeness, accuracy, and conformance with procedures and regulations. Analyze budgeting and accounting reports. |
| 13-2041 | Credit Analysts | Analyze credit data and financial statements of individuals or firms to determine the degree of risk involved in extending credit or lending money. Prepare reports with credit information for use in decision making. |
| 13-2051 | Financial Analysts | Conduct quantitative analyses of information affecting investment programs of public or private institutions. |
| 13-2052 | Personal Financial Advisors | Advise clients on financial plans using knowledge of tax and investment strategies, securities, insurance, pension plans, and real estate. Duties include assessing clients' assets, liabilities, cash flow, insurance coverage, tax status, and financial objectives. |
| 13-2053 | Insurance Underwriters | Review individual applications for insurance to evaluate degree of risk involved and determine acceptance of applications. |
| 13-2061 | Financial Examiners | Enforce or ensure compliance with laws and regulations governing financial and securities institutions and financial and real estate transactions. May examine, verify, or authenticate records. |
| 13-2071 | Credit Counselors | Advise and educate individuals or organizations on acquiring and managing debt. May provide guidance in determining the best type of loan and explaining loan requirements or restrictions. May help develop debt management plans, advise on credit issues, or provide budget, mortgage, and bankruptcy counseling. |
| 13-2072 | Loan Officers | Evaluate, authorize, or recommend approval of commercial, real estate, or credit loans. Advise borrowers on financial status and payment methods. Includes mortgage loan officers and agents, collection analysts, loan servicing officers, and loan underwriters. |
| 13-2081 | Tax Examiners and Collectors, and Revenue Agents | Determine tax liability or collect taxes from individuals or business firms according to prescribed laws and regulations. |
| 13-2082 | Tax Preparers | Prepare tax returns for individuals or small businesses. Excludes “Accountants and Auditors” (13-2011). |
| 13-2099 | Financial Specialists, All Other | All financial specialists not listed separately. |
| 15-1111 | Computer and Information Research Scientists | Conduct research into fundamental computer and information science as theorists, designers, or inventors. Develop solutions to problems in the field of computer hardware and software. |
| 15-1121 | Computer Systems Analysts | Analyze science, engineering, business, and other data processing problems to implement and improve computer systems. Analyze user requirements, procedures, and problems to automate or improve existing systems and review computer system capabilities, workflow, and scheduling limitations. May analyze or recommend commercially available software. |
| 15-1122 | Information Security Analysts | Plan, implement, upgrade, or monitor security measures for the protection of computer networks and information. May ensure appropriate security controls are in place that will safeguard digital files and vital electronic infrastructure. May respond to computer security breaches and viruses. Excludes “Computer Network Architects” (15-1143). |
| 15-1131 | Computer Programmers | Create, modify, and test the code, forms, and script that allow computer applications to run. Work from specifications drawn up by software developers or other individuals. May assist software developers by analyzing user needs and designing software solutions. May develop and write computer programs to store, locate, and retrieve specific documents, data, and information. |
| 15-1132 | Software Developers, Applications | Develop, create, and modify general computer applications software or specialized utility programs. Analyze user needs and develop software solutions. Design software or customize software for client use with the aim of optimizing operational efficiency. May analyze and design databases within an application area, working individually or coordinating database development as part of a team. May supervise computer programmers. |
| 15-1133 | Software Developers, Systems Software | Research, design, develop, and test operating systems-level software, compilers, and network distribution software for medical, industrial, military, communications, aerospace, business, scientific, and general computing applications. Set operational specifications and formulate and analyze software requirements. May design embedded systems software. Apply principles and techniques of computer science, engineering, and mathematical analysis. |
| 15-1134 | Web Developers | Design, create, and modify Web sites. Analyze user needs to implement Web site content, graphics, performance, and capacity. May integrate Web sites with other computer applications. May convert written, graphic, audio, and video components to compatible Web formats by using software designed to facilitate the creation of Web and multimedia content. Excludes “Multimedia Artists and Animators” (27-1014). |
| 15-1141 | Database Administrators | Administer, test, and implement computer databases, applying knowledge of database management systems. Coordinate changes to computer databases. May plan, coordinate, and implement security measures to safeguard computer databases. Excludes “Information Security Analysts” (15-1122). |
| 15-1142 | Network and Computer Systems Administrators | Install, configure, and support an organization’s local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and Internet systems or a segment of a network system. Monitor network to ensure network availability to all system users and may perform necessary maintenance to support network availability. May monitor and test Web site performance to ensure Web sites operate correctly and without interruption. May assist in network modeling, analysis, planning, and coordination between network and data communications hardware and software. May supervise computer user support specialists and computer network support specialists. May administer network security measures. Excludes “Information Security Analysts”(15-1122), “Computer User Support Specialists” (15-1151), and “Computer Network Support Specialists” (15-1152). |
| 15-1143 | Computer Network Architects | Design and implement computer and information networks, such as local area networks (LAN), wide area networks (WAN), intranets, extranets, and other data communications networks. Perform network modeling, analysis, and planning. May also design network and computer security measures. May research and recommend network and data communications hardware and software. Excludes “Information Security Analysts” (15-1122), “Network and Computer Systems Administrators” (15-1142), and “Computer Network Support Specialists” (15-1152). |
| 15-1151 | Computer User Support Specialists | Provide technical assistance to computer users. Answer questions or resolve computer problems for clients in person, or via telephone or electronically. May provide assistance concerning the use of computer hardware and software, including printing, installation, word processing, electronic mail, and operating systems. Excludes “Network and Computer Systems Administrators” (15-1142). |
| 15-1152 | Computer Network Support Specialists | Analyze, test, troubleshoot, and evaluate existing network systems, such as local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and Internet systems or a segment of a network system. Perform network maintenance to ensure networks operate correctly with minimal interruption. Excludes “Network and Computer Systems Administrators” (15-1142) and “Computer Network Architects” (15-1143). |
| 15-1199 | Computer Occupations, All Other | All computer occupations not listed separately. Excludes “Computer and Information Systems Managers” (11-3021), “Computer Hardware Engineers” (17-2061), “Electrical and Electronics Engineers” (17-2070), “Computer Science Teachers, Postsecondary” (25-1021), “Multimedia Artists and Animators” (27-1014), “Graphic Designers” (27-1024), “Computer Operators” (43-9011), and “Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine Repairs” (49-2011). |
| 15-2011 | Actuaries | Analyze statistical data, such as mortality, accident, sickness, disability, and retirement rates and construct probability tables to forecast risk and liability for payment of future benefits. May ascertain insurance rates required and cash reserves necessary to ensure payment of future benefits. |
| 15-2021 | Mathematicians | Conduct research in fundamental mathematics or in application of mathematical techniques to science, management, and other fields. Solve problems in various fields using mathematical methods. |
| 15-2031 | Operations Research Analysts | Formulate and apply mathematical modeling and other optimizing methods to develop and interpret information that assists management with decision making, policy formulation, or other managerial functions. May collect and analyze data and develop decision support software, service, or products. May develop and supply optimal time, cost, or logistics networks for program evaluation, review, or implementation. |
| 15-2041 | Statisticians | Develop or apply mathematical or statistical theory and methods to collect, organize, interpret, and summarize numerical data to provide usable information. May specialize in fields such as bio-statistics, agricultural statistics, business statistics, or economic statistics. Includes mathematical and survey statisticians. Excludes “Survey Researchers” (19-3022). |
| 15-2091 | Mathematical Technicians | Apply standardized mathematical formulas, principles, and methodology to technological problems in engineering and physical sciences in relation to specific industrial and research objectives, processes, equipment, and products. |
| 15-2099 | Mathematical Science Occupations, All Other | All mathematical scientists not listed separately. |
| 17-1011 | Architects, Except Landscape and Naval | Plan and design structures, such as private residences, office buildings, theaters, factories, and other structural property. Excludes “Landscape Architects” (17-1012) and “Marine Engineers and Naval Architects” (17-2121). |
| 17-1012 | Landscape Architects | Plan and design land areas for projects such as parks and other recreational facilities, airports, highways, hospitals, schools, land subdivisions, and commercial, industrial, and residential sites. |
| 17-1021 | Cartographers and Photogrammetrists | Collect, analyze, and interpret geographic information provided by geodetic surveys, aerial photographs, and satellite data. Research, study, and prepare maps and other spatial data in digital or graphic form for legal, social, political, educational, and design purposes. May work with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). May design and evaluate algorithms, data structures, and user interfaces for GIS and mapping systems. |
| 17-1022 | Surveyors | Make exact measurements and determine property boundaries. Provide data relevant to the shape, contour, gravitation, location, elevation, or dimension of land or land features on or near the earth's surface for engineering, mapmaking, mining, land evaluation, construction, and other purposes. |
| 17-2011 | Aerospace Engineers | Perform engineering duties in designing, constructing, and testing aircraft, missiles, and spacecraft. May conduct basic and applied research to evaluate adaptability of materials and equipment to aircraft design and manufacture. May recommend improvements in testing equipment and techniques. |
| 17-2021 | Agricultural Engineers | Apply knowledge of engineering technology and biological science to agricultural problems concerned with power and machinery, electrification, structures, soil and water conservation, and processing of agricultural products. |
| 17-2031 | Biomedical Engineers | Apply knowledge of engineering, biology, and biomechanical principles to the design, development, and evaluation of biological and health systems and products, such as artificial organs, prostheses, instrumentation, medical information systems, and heath management and care delivery systems. |
| 17-2041 | Chemical Engineers | Design chemical plant equipment and devise processes for manufacturing chemicals and products, such as gasoline, synthetic rubber, plastics, detergents, cement, paper, and pulp, by applying principles and technology of chemistry, physics, and engineering. |
| 17-2051 | Civil Engineers | Perform engineering duties in planning, designing, and overseeing construction and maintenance of building structures, and facilities, such as roads, railroads, airports, bridges, harbors, channels, dams, irrigation projects, pipelines, power plants, and water and sewage systems. Includes architectural, structural, traffic, ocean, and geo-technical engineers. Excludes “Hydrologists" (19-2043). |
| 17-2061 | Computer Hardware Engineers | Research, design, develop, or test computer or computer-related equipment for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use. May supervise the manufacturing and installation of computer or computer-related equipment and components. Excludes “Software Developers, Applications" (15-1132) and “Software Developers, Systems Software (15-1133). |
| 17-2071 | Electrical Engineers | Research, design, develop, test, or supervise the manufacturing and installation of electrical equipment, components, or systems for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use. Excludes “Computer Hardware Engineers" (17-2061). |
| 17-2072 | Electronics Engineers, Except Computer | Research, design, develop, or test electronic components and systems for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use employing knowledge of electronic theory and materials properties. Design electronic circuits and components for use in fields such as telecommunications, aerospace guidance and propulsion control, acoustics, or instruments and controls. Excludes “Computer Hardware Engineers" (17-2061). |
| 17-2081 | Environmental Engineers | Research, design, plan, or perform engineering duties in the prevention, control, and remediation of environmental hazards using various engineering disciplines. Work may include waste treatment, site remediation, or pollution control technology. |
| 17-2111 | Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors | Promote worksite or product safety by applying knowledge of industrial processes, mechanics, chemistry, psychology, and industrial health and safety laws. Includes industrial product safety engineers. |
| 17-2112 | Industrial Engineers | Design, develop, test, and evaluate integrated systems for managing industrial production processes, including human work factors, quality control, inventory control, logistics and material flow, cost analysis, and production coordination. Excludes “Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors" (17-2111). |
| 17-2121 | Marine Engineers and Naval Architects | Design, develop, and evaluate the operation of marine vessels, ship machinery, and related equipment, such as power supply and propulsion systems. |
| 17-2131 | Materials Engineers | Evaluate materials and develop machinery and processes to manufacture materials for use in products that must meet specialized design and performance specifications. Develop new uses for known materials. Includes those engineers working with composite materials or specializing in one type of material, such as graphite, metal and metal alloys, ceramics and glass, plastics and polymers, and naturally occurring materials. Includes metallurgists and metallurgical engineers, ceramic engineers, and welding engineers. |
| 17-2141 | Mechanical Engineers | Perform engineering duties in planning and designing tools, engines, machines, and other mechanically functioning equipment. Oversee installation, operation, maintenance, and repair of equipment such as centralized heat, gas, water, and steam systems. |
| 17-2151 | Mining and Geological Engineers, Including Mining Safety Engineers | Conduct sub-surface surveys to identify the characteristics of potential land or mining development sites. May specify the ground support systems, processes and equipment for safe, economical, and environmentally sound extraction or underground construction activities. May inspect areas for unsafe geological conditions, equipment, and working conditions. May design, implement, and coordinate mine safety programs. Excludes "Petroleum Engineers" (17-2171). |
| 17-2161 | Nuclear Engineers | Conduct research on nuclear engineering projects or apply principles and theory of nuclear science to problems concerned with release, control, and use of nuclear energy and nuclear waste disposal. |
| 17-2171 | Petroleum Engineers | Devise methods to improve oil and gas extraction and production and determine the need for new or modified tool designs. Oversee drilling and offer technical advice. |
| 17-2199 | Engineers, All Other | All engineers not listed separately. |
| 17-3011 | Architectural and Civil Drafters | Prepare detailed drawings of architectural and structural features of buildings or drawings and topographical relief maps used in civil engineering projects, such as highways, bridges, and public works. Use knowledge of building materials, engineering practices, and mathematics to complete drawings. |
| 17-3012 | Electrical and Electronics Drafters | Prepare wiring diagrams, circuit board assembly diagrams, and layout drawings used for the manufacture, installation, or repair of electrical equipment. |
| 17-3013 | Mechanical Drafters | Prepare detailed working diagrams of machinery and mechanical devices, including dimensions, fastening methods, and other engineering information. |
| 17-3019 | Drafters, All Other | All drafters not listed separately. |
| 17-3021 | Aerospace Engineering and Operations Technicians | Operate, install, calibrate, and maintain integrated computer/communications systems, consoles, simulators, and other data acquisition, test, and measurement instruments and equipment, which are used to launch, track, position, and evaluate air and space vehicles. May record and interpret test data. |
| 17-3022 | Civil Engineering Technicians | Apply theory and principles of civil engineering in planning, designing, and overseeing construction and maintenance of structures and facilities under the direction of engineering staff or physical scientists. |
| 17-3023 | Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technicians | Apply electrical and electronic theory and related knowledge, usually under the direction of engineering staff, to design, build, repair, calibrate, and modify electrical components, circuitry, controls, and machinery for subsequent evaluation and use by engineering staff in making engineering design decisions. Excludes “Broadcast Technicians" (27-4012). |
| 17-3024 | Electro-Mechanical Technicians | Operate, test, maintain, or calibrate unmanned, automated, servo-mechanical, or electromechanical equipment. May operate unmanned submarines, aircraft, or other equipment at worksites, such as oil rigs, deep ocean exploration, or hazardous waste removal. May assist engineers in testing and designing robotics equipment. |
| 17-3025 | Environmental Engineering Technicians | Apply theory and principles of environmental engineering to modify, test, and operate equipment and devices used in the prevention, control, and remediation of environmental problems, including waste treatment and site remediation, under the direction of engineering staff or scientist. May assist in the development of environmental remediation devices. |
| 17-3026 | Industrial Engineering Technicians | Apply engineering theory and principles to problems of industrial layout or manufacturing production, usually under the direction of engineering staff. May perform time and motion studies on worker operations in a variety of industries for purposes such as establishing standard production rates or improving efficiency. |
| 17-3027 | Mechanical Engineering Technicians | Apply theory and principles of mechanical engineering to modify, develop, test, or calibrate machinery and equipment under direction of engineering staff or physical scientists. |
| 17-3029 | Engineering Technicians, Except Drafters, All Other | All engineering technicians, except drafters, not listed separately. |
| 17-3031 | Surveying and Mapping Technicians | Perform surveying and mapping duties, usually under the direction of an engineer, surveyor, cartographer, or photogrammetrist to obtain data used for construction, mapmaking, boundary location, mining, or other purposes. May calculate mapmaking information and create maps from source data, such as surveying notes, aerial photography, satellite data, or other maps to show topographical features, political boundaries, and other features. May verify accuracy and completeness of maps. Excludes “Surveyors" (17-1022), "Cartographers and Photogrammetrists" (17-1021), and "Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers" (19-2042). |
| 19-1011 | Animal Scientists | Conduct research in the genetics, nutrition, reproduction, growth, and development of domestic farm animals. |
| 19-1012 | Food Scientists and Technologists | Use chemistry, microbiology, engineering, and other sciences to study the principles underlying the processing and deterioration of foods; analyze food content to determine levels of vitamins, fat, sugar, and protein; discover new food sources; research ways to make processed foods safe, palatable, and healthful; and apply food science knowledge to determine best ways to process, package, preserve, store, and distribute food. |
| 19-1013 | Soil and Plant Scientists | Conduct research in breeding, physiology, production, yield, and management of crops and agricultural plants or trees, shrubs, and nursery stock, their growth in soils, and control of pests; or study the chemical, physical, biological, and mineralogical composition of soils as they relate to plant or crop growth. May classify and map soils and investigate effects of alternative practices on soil and crop productivity. |
| 19-1021 | Biochemists and Biophysicists | Study the chemical composition or physical principles of living cells and organisms, their electrical and mechanical energy, and related phenomena. May conduct research to further understanding of the complex chemical combinations and reactions involved in metabolism, reproduction, growth, and heredity. May determine the effects of foods, drugs, serums, hormones, and other substances on tissues and vital processes of living organisms. |
| 19-1022 | Microbiologists | Investigate the growth, structure, development, and other characteristics of microscopic organisms, such as bacteria, algae, or fungi. Includes medical microbiologists who study the relationship between organisms and disease or the effects of antibiotics on microorganisms. |
| 19-1023 | Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists | Study the origins, behavior, diseases, genetics, and life processes of animals and wildlife. May specialize in wildlife research and management. May collect and analyze biological data to determine the environmental effects of present and potential use of land and water habitats. |
| 19-1029 | Biological Scientists, All Other | All biological scientists not listed separately. |
| 19-1031 | Conservation Scientists | Manage, improve, and protect natural resources to maximize their use without damaging the environment. May conduct soil surveys and develop plans to eliminate soil erosion or to protect rangelands. May instruct farmers, agricultural production managers, or ranchers in best ways to use crop rotation, contour plowing, or terracing to conserve soil and water; in the number and kind of livestock and forage plants best suited to particular ranges; and in range and farm improvements, such as fencing and reservoirs for stock watering. Excludes “Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists" (19-1023) and "Foresters" (19-1032). |
| 19-1032 | Foresters | Manage public and private forested lands for economic, recreational, and conservation purposes. May inventory the type, amount, and location of standing timber, appraise the timber's worth, negotiate the purchase, and draw up contracts for procurement. May determine how to conserve wildlife habitats, creek beds, water quality, and soil stability, and how best to comply with environmental regulations. May devise plans for planting and growing new trees, monitor trees for healthy growth, and determine optimal harvesting schedules. |
| 19-1041 | Epidemiologists | Investigate and describe the determinants and distribution of disease, disability, or health outcomes. May develop the means for prevention and control. |
| 19-1042 | Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists | Conduct research dealing with the understanding of human diseases and the improvement of human health. Engage in clinical investigation, research and development, or other related activities. Includes physicians, dentists, public health specialists, pharmacologists, and medical pathologists who primarily conduct research. Practitioners who primarily provide medical or dental care or dispense drugs are included in “Health Diagnosing and Treating Practitioners” (29-1000). |
| 19-1099 | Life Scientists, All Other | All life scientists not listed separately. |
| 19-2011 | Astronomers | Observe, research, and interpret astronomical phenomena to increase basic knowledge or apply such information to practical problems. |
| 19-2012 | Physicists | Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories. Excludes “Biochemists and Biophysicists” (19-1021). |
| 19-2021 | Atmospheric and Space Scientists | Investigate atmospheric phenomena and interpret meteorological data, gathered by surface and air stations, satellites, and radar to prepare reports and forecasts for public and other uses. Includes weather analysts and forecasters whose functions require the detailed knowledge of meteorology. |
| 19-2031 | Chemists | Conduct qualitative and quantitative chemical analyses or experiments in laboratories for quality or process control or to develop new products or knowledge. Excludes “Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers" (19-2042) and "Biochemists and Biophysicists" (19-1021). |
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