FDOT_Specifications_Section_911.pdf
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- Solicitation number
- 26-06
- Issued by
- Walton County, Florida
About this file
This is a Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) specifications document governing the materials and requirements for base and stabilized base construction in flexible pavement projects. The document outlines comprehensive standards for six primary material types: limerock, shell materials (including bank run and dredged variants), shell-rock, cemented coquina shell, calcarenite, and recycled concrete aggregate (RCA). Each material category is subject to rigorous composition requirements, with limerock defined as unconsolidated or partly consolidated limestone of marine origin, shell materials consisting of naturally occurring broken mollusk shells and marine invertebrate skeletal remains, and RCA derived from crushing hard portland cement concrete. The specifications establish detailed approval processes for mineral aggregate sources, prohibit mixing of approved materials with other approved or non-approved materials, and mandate that all materials be free of deleterious substances including cherty pieces, organic matter, loose sand, water-sensitive clay minerals, and other contaminants that could compromise adhesion, strength, or performance.
Material requirements are standardized through specific testing protocols and performance metrics detailed in Tables 911-1 through 911-4. Limerock bearing ratio requirements specify average results of 100 minimum per lot with individual results of 90 minimum, while shell, shell-rock, cemented coquina shell, and calcarenite materials require individual bearing ratios of 150 minimum. Liquid limit testing per AASHTO T 89 and T 90 establishes that limerock base materials shall not exceed a liquid limit of 35 with non-plastic properties, while stabilized base materials must maintain plasticity not exceeding 10. Carbonate content minimums range from 45 percent for calcarenite to 70 percent for limerock, with RCA exempt from carbonate testing. Gradation requirements vary by material type, with most materials requiring a minimum of 97 percent passing the 3.5-inch sieve and maximum dimensions not exceeding six inches, with finer materials consisting entirely of dust of fracture to ensure proper compaction and performance characteristics.
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Text version
FLEXIBLE-PAVEMENT MATERIALS
(INCLUDING MATERIALS FOR STABILIZING)
SECTION 911
BASE AND STABILIZED BASE MATERIALS
911-1 Description.
This Section governs materials to be used in the construction of base and subgrade stabilization including limerock, shell, shell-rock, cemented coquina shell, calcarenite, and recycled concrete aggregate (RCA).
911-2 Materials.
911-2.1 General:
911-2.1.1 Approval of Material: Approval of mineral aggregate sources shall be in accordance with 6-2.3.
911-2.1.2 Deleterious Substances: Materials shall not contain deleterious substances that would result in: prevention of the bituminous prime coat from adhering to the base course; a detriment to the finishing, strength, or performance of the base; or a surface which is susceptible to distortion under construction traffic. Such substances include, but are not limited to: cherty or other extremely hard pieces, lumps, balls or pockets of sand or clay size material, organic matter, loose sand, loose, free shells, corals or skeletal remain of other marine invertebrates retained on the No. 4 sieve, or water sensitive clay minerals.
911-2.2 Limerock Composition: Limerock material shall consist of unconsolidated or partly consolidated limestone of marine origin.
911-2.3 Shell Material: Composition: Shell materials shall consist of naturally occurring deposits formed essentially of broken mollusk shell, corals and the skeletal remains of other marine invertebrates. Live or steamed shell, or man-made deposits as a by-product of the shellfish industry will not be permitted.
911-2.3.1 Bank Run Shell: Shell materials meeting the requirements of this
Section which are presently found as “dry land” deposits.
911-2.3.2 Dredged Shell: Shell materials meeting the requirements of this
Section which are dredged from ocean, bay or lake deposits.
911-2.4 Shell-Rock Material Composition: Shell-rock materials shall consist of naturally occurring heterogeneous deposits of limestone with interbedded layers or lenses of loose and cemented shell, to include cemented sands (calcitic sandstone). This material shall be mined and processed in a manner that will result in a reasonably homogenous finished product.
911-2.5 Cemented Coquina Shell Material Composition: Cemented coquina shell materials to be used as cemented coquina base or stabilized base, shall be defined as naturally occurring deposits formed essentially of broken mollusk shell, corals and the skeletal remains of other marine invertebrates, which are presently found as “dry land” deposits and which have been cemented together by carbonates or other natural cementing agents.
911-2.6 Calcarenite Composition: Calcarenite material shall consist of calcareous clastic sedimentary rock, formed by compaction and cementation of carbonate clasts of size between 0.06 and 2 mm. It also contains a calcareous cementing material that binds the sand grains together.
1003 FY 2026-27Return to Table of Contents
911-2. 7 Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) Composition: RCA shall consist of concrete material derived from the crushing of hard portland cement concrete. In addition to the deleterious materials noted in 911-2.1.2, RCA shall be asbestos free. The following limits shall not be exceeded:
Bituminous Concrete ...................................... 1% by weight
Bricks .............................................................. 1% by weight
Glass and Ceramics ......................................... 1% by weight
Wood and other organic substances ............. 0.1% by weight
Reinforcing steel and welded wire fabric .... 0.1% by weight
Plaster and gypsum board ............................ 0.1% by weight
911-3 Material Requirements.
911-3.1 Limerock Bearing Ratio (LBR): Materials shall meet the requirements in
Table 911-1 in accordance with FM 5-515:
Table 911-1
Limerock Bearing Ratio (LBR)
Material Requirement
Limerock
Average Results per LOT - 100, minimum
Individual Results - 90, minimum
Shell
Shell-Rock
Cemented Coquina Shell
Calcarenite
RCA Individual Results - 150, minimum
911-3.2 Liquid Limit and Plasticity: Materials shall meet the requirements in
Table 911-2 in accordance with AASHTO T 89 and AASHTO T 90:
Table 911-2
Liquid Limit and Plastic Properties
Material Liquid Limit Plastic Properties
Limerock Base Not to exceed 35 Non-Plastic (NP)
Stabilized Base Plasticity not to exceed 10
Shell
- NP
Shell-Rock
Cemented Coquina Shell - NP
Calcarenite - NP
RCA - NP
911-3.3 Carbonates: Materials shall meet the carbonate requirements in Table 911-3 in accordance with FM 5-514:
1004 FY 2026-27Return to Table of Contents
Table 911-3
Percentage of Carbonates (Calcium and Magnesium)
Material Requirement
Limerock minimum - 70%
Shell minimum - 50%
Shell-Rock minimum - 50%
Cemented Coquina Shell minimum - 50%
Calcarenite minimum - 45%
RCA Not Applicable
911-3.4 Gradation and Size Requirements: Materials shall meet the gradation and size requirements in Table 911-4 in accordance with AASHTO T 27 and FM 1-T11:
Table 911-4(1)
Gradation Requirements
Material Requirement
Limerock Base Passing 3-1/2 inch sieve - 97%, minimum(2)
Stabilized Base Passing 3-1/2 inch sieve - 97%, minimum(2)
Shell
Dredged shell
Passing 3-1/2 inch sieve - 97%, minimum
Passing No. 4 sieve - 50%, maximum
Passing No. 200 sieve - maximum 7.5% (washed)
Bank-run shell
Passing 3-1/2 inch sieve - 97%, minimum
Passing No. 4 sieve - 80%, maximum
Passing No. 200 sieve - 20%, maximum (washed)
Shell-Rock Passing 3-1/2 inch sieve - 97%, minimum
Passing No. 4 sieve - 70%, maximum
Passing No. 200 sieve - 20%, maximum (washed) Cemented Coquina Shell
Calcarenite Passing 3-1/2 inch sieve - 97%, minimum(2)
RCA
Sieve Size Percent by Weight Passing
2 inch 100
3/4 inch 65 to 95
3/8 inch 40 to 85
No. 4 25 to 65
No. 10 20 to 50
No. 50 5 to 30
No. 200 0 to 10
(1) The maximum dimension shall not exceed six inches.
(2) The material shall be well graded down to dust. The fine material shall consist entirely of dust of fracture.
911-4 Exceptions, Additions, and Restrictions.
Approved materials shall not be mixed with other approved or non-approved materials.
1005 FY 2026-27Return to Table of Contents
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