OVERHEAD TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION.pdf

RVKQ090324 CUTOUTS

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 1

SECTION 33 71 01.00 40

OVERHEAD TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION

11/08

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.

ALLIANCE FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY SOLUTIONS (ATIS)

ATIS O5.1 (2002; Supple A 2003; Supple B 2003; Supple C

2004) Specifications and Dimensions (for Wood

Poles)

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI)

ANSI C135.30 (1988) Zinc-Coated Ferrous Ground Rods for

Overhead or Underground Line Construction

AMERICAN WOOD PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (AWPA)

AWPA A3 (2005) Standard Method for Determining

Penetration of Preservatives and Fire

Retardants

AWPA C1 (2003) All Timber Products - Preservative

Treatment by Pressure Processes

AWPA C25 (2003) Sawn Crossarms - Preservative

Treatment by Pressure Processes

AWPA C4 (2003) Poles - Preservative Treatment by

Pressure Processes

AWPA T1 (2004; R 2005) Use Category System:

Processing and Treatment Standard

ASME INTERNATIONAL (ASME)

ASME B16.11 (2005) Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and

Threaded

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM A 123/A 123M (2008) Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-

Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel

Products

ASTM A 153/A 153M (2005) Standard Specification for Zinc

Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 2

ASTM A 475 (2003) Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated

Steel Wire Strand

ASTM A 53/A 53M (2007) Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless

ASTM B 1 (2001; R 2007) Standard Specification for

Hard-Drawn Copper Wire

ASTM B 117 (2007a) Standing Practice for Operating Salt

Spray (Fog) Apparatus

ASTM B 2 (2008) Standard Specification for Medium-

Hard-Drawn Copper Wire

ASTM B 230/B 230M (2007) Standard Specification for Aluminum

1350-H19 Wire for Electrical Purposes

ASTM B 231/B 231M (2004) Standard Specification for Concentric-

Lay-Stranded Aluminum 1350 Conductors

ASTM B 232/B 232M (2001e1) Standard Specification for

Concentric-Lay-Stranded Aluminum Conductors, Coated-Steel Reinforced (ACSR)

ASTM B 3 (2001; R 2007) Standard Specification for

Soft or Annealed Copper Wire

ASTM B 398/B 398M (2002; R 2007) Standard Specification for

Aluminum-Alloy 6201-T81 Wire for Electrical

Purposes

ASTM B 399/B 399M (2004) Standard Specification for Concentric-

Lay-Stranded Aluminum-Alloy 6201-T81

Conductors

ASTM B 8 (2004) Standard Specification for Concentric-

Lay-Stranded Copper Conductors, Hard, Medium-

Hard, or Soft

ASTM D 1625 (1971; R 2000) Standard Specifications for

Chromated Copper Arsenate

ASTM D 1654 (2005) Evaluation of Painted or Coated

Specimens Subjected to Corrosive Environments

ASTM D 709 (2001; R 2007) Laminated Thermosetting

Materials

INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS (IEEE)

IEEE C135.22 (1988) Zinc-Coated Ferrous Pole-Top Insulator

Pins with Lead Threads for Overhead Line

Construction

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 3

IEEE C2 (2007; Errata 2007; INT 2008) National

Electrical Safety Code

IEEE C37.42 (1996) High Voltage Expulsion Type

Distribution Class Fuses, Cutouts, Fuse

Disconnecting Switches and Fuse Links**

IEEE C57.15 (1999) Requirements, Terminology, and Test

Code for Step-Voltage Regulators

IEEE C62.11 (2005; Amendment A 2008) Standard for Metal-

Oxide Surge Arresters for Alternating Current

Power Circuits (>1kV)

IEEE Std 100 (2000) The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE

Standards Terms

IEEE Std 404 (2006) Extruded and Laminated Dielectric

Shielded Cable Joints Rated 2500 V Through

500 000 V

INTERNATIONAL ELECTRICAL TESTING ASSOCIATION (NETA)

NETA ATS (2003) Acceptance Testing Specifications

NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (NEMA)

NEMA C29.5 (1984; R 2002) Wet-Process Porcelain

Insulators (Low and Medium Voltage Pin Type)

NEMA WC 70 (1999; Errata 2001) Standard for Non-Shielded

Power Cable 2000 V or Less for the

Distribution of Electrical Energy

NEMA WC 74 (2006) Standard for 5-46 kV Shielded Power

Cable for use in the Transmission and

Distribution of Electric Energy

NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA)

NFPA 70 (2007; AMD 1 2008) National Electrical Code -

2008 Edition

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (USDA)

RUS 202-1 (2004) List of Materials Acceptable for Use on Systems of RUS Electrification Borrowers

RUS Bull 1728H-701 (1993) Wood Crossarms (Solid and Laminated), Transmission Timbers and Pole Keys

RUS Bull 345-67 (1998) REA Specification for Filled Telephone

Cables, PE-39

UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES (UL)

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 4

UL 467 (2007) Standard for Grounding and Bonding

Equipment

UL 486A-486B (2003; Rev thru Aug 2006) Standard for Wire

Connectors

UL 510 (2005; Rev thru Aug 2005) Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyethylene, and Rubber Insulating Tape

1.2 RELATED REQUIREMENTS

Section 26 08 00 APPARATUS INSPECTION AND TESTING applies to this section with additions and modifications specified herein.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

Unless otherwise specified or indicated, electrical and electronics terms used in these specifications, and on the drawings, are as defined in IEEE

Std 100.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;

submittals not having a "G" designation are for Contractor Quality Control approval. Submit the following in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL

PROCEDURES:

SD-03 Product Data

Conductors; G

Insulators; G

Nameplates; G

Cutouts; G

Surge arresters; G

Guy strand

Anchors

SD-06 Test Reports

Wood Crossarm Inspection Report

Field Quality Control; G

Ground resistance test reports; G

Submit report of the acceptance test results as specified by paragraph entitled "Field Quality Control"

SD-07 Certificates file:///C:\SISGML\JOBS\CUTOUTS\prntdata\word\26%2008%2000.doc file:///C:\SISGML\JOBS\CUTOUTS\prntdata\word\01%2033%2000.doc

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 5

Wood poles; G

Wood crossarms; G

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.5.1 Regulatory Requirements

In each of the publications referred to herein, consider the advisory provisions to be mandatory. Interpret references in these publications to the "authority having jurisdiction," or words of similar meaning, to mean the Contracting Officer. Provide equipment, materials, installation, and workmanship in accordance with the mandatory and advisory provisions of NFPA

70 and IEEE C2 unless more stringent requirements are specified or indicated.

1.5.2 Standard Products

Provide materials and equipment that are products of manufacturers regularly engaged in the production of such products which are of equal material, design and workmanship. Provide products that have been in satisfactory commercial or industrial use for 2 years prior to bid opening. The 2-year period includes applications of equipment and materials under similar circumstances and of similar size. Provide a product that has been on sale on the commercial market through advertisements, manufacturers' catalogs, or brochures during the 2-year period. Where two or more items of the same class of equipment are required, provide items that are products of a single manufacturer; however, the component parts of the item need not be the products of the same manufacturer unless stated in this section.

1.5.2.1 Alternative Qualifications

Products having less than a 2-year field service record are acceptable if a certified record of satisfactory field operation for not less than 6000 hours, exclusive of the manufacturers' factory or laboratory tests, is furnished.

1.5.2.2 Material and Equipment Manufacturing Date

Do not use products manufactured more than 3 years prior to date of delivery to site, unless specified otherwise.

1.5.3 Ground Resistance Test Reports

Submit the measured ground resistance of grounding system. When testing grounding electrodes and grounding systems, identify each grounding electrode and each grounding system for testing. Include the test method and test setup (i.e. pin location) used to determine ground resistance and soil conditions at the time the measurements were made.

1.5.4 Wood Crossarm Inspection Report

Furnish an inspection report from an independent inspection agency, approved by the Contracting Officer, stating that offered products comply with applicable AWPA and RUS standards. The RUS approved Quality Mark "WQC" on each crossarm is acceptable, in lieu of inspection reports, as evidence of compliance with applicable AWPA treatment standards.

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 6

1.6 MAINTENANCE

1.6.1 Additions to Operations and Maintenance Data

In addition to requirements of Data Package 5, include the following in the provided:

a. Assembly and installation drawings

b. Prices for spare parts and supply list

c. Date of purchase

1.7 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Visually inspect devices and equipment when received and prior to acceptance from conveyance. Protect stored items from the environment in accordance with the manufacturer's published instructions. Replace damaged items.

Store oil filled transformers and switches in accordance with the manufacturer's requirements. Store wood poles held in storage for more than

2 weeks in accordance with ATIS O5.1. Handle wood poles in accordance with

ATIS O5.1, except do not use pointed tools capable of producing indentations more than an inch in depth. Nails and holes are not permitted in top of poles. Handle and store metal poles in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

1.8 WARRANTY

Support the equipment items by service organizations which are reasonably convenient to the equipment installation in order to render satisfactory service to the equipment on a regular and emergency basis during the warranty period of the contract.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

Consider materials specified herein or shown on contract drawings which are identical to materials listed in RUS 202-1 as conforming to requirements.

Provide equipment and component items, not hot-dip galvanized or porcelain enamel finished, with corrosion-resistant finishes which withstand 120 hours of exposure to the salt spray test specified in ASTM B 117 without loss of paint or release of adhesion of the paint primer coat to the metal surface in excess of 1/16 inch from the test mark. Provide the described test mark and test evaluation in accordance with ASTM D 1654 with a rating of not less than 7 in accordance with TABLE 1, (procedure A). Coat cut edges or otherwise damaged surfaces of hot-dip galvanized sheet steel or mill galvanized sheet steel with a zinc rich paint conforming to the manufacturer's standard.

2.2 POLES

Provide poles of lengths and classes indicated.

2.2.1 Wood Poles

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 7

Wood poles machine trimmed by turning, Douglas Fir conforming to ATIS O5.1 and RUS Bull 345-67. Gain, bore and roof poles before treatment. If additional gains are required subsequent to treatment, provide metal gain plates. Pressure treat poles with pentachlorophenol,, except do not treat

Douglas Fir and Western Larch poles with CCA in accordance with AWPA C1 and

AWPA C4 as referenced in RUS Bull 345-67. Ensure the quality of each pole with "WQC" (wood quality control) brand on each piece, or by an approved inspection agency report.

2.2.2 Preservative

For preservative used for humid, harsh environment, provide Chromated

Copper Arsenate type A conforming to AWPA T1 and ASTM D 1625.

Treat wood poles with waterborne preservatives conforming to AWPA T1.

2.2.3 Preservative Application

Apply preservative treatment using a pressure process conforming to and AWPA

T1 for Southern Pine. Determine penetration of preservatives as specified in AWPA A3 and obtain complete sapwood penetration.

Before treatment, roof, gain and bore poles that are to be given a full-length preservative treatment. Plug unused holes in poles with treated wood-dowel pins. Treat field-cut gains or field-bored holes in poles with an approved preservative compound.

2.2.4 Storage

For poles stored for any reason more than 2 weeks, stack them on pressure treated or decay-resistant skids of such dimensions and so arranged as to support the poles without producing noticeable distortion. Stack poles in a manner that permits free circulation of air; with the bottom poles of the stacks at least 1-foot above ground level or any vegetation growing thereon.

No decayed or decaying wood is permitted to remain underneath stored poles.

2.2.5 Handling

Do not drag treated poles along the ground. Do not use pole tongs, cant hooks, and other pointed tools capable of producing indentations more than 1 inch in depth, in handling the poles. Do not apply tools to the groundline section of any pole. Groundline section is that portion between 1 foot above and 2 feet below the ground line.

2.3 CROSSARMS AND BRACKETS

2.3.1 Wood Crossarms

Conform to RUS Bull 1728H-701. Pressure treat crossarms with pentachlorophenol, chromated copper arsenate (CCA), or ammoniacal copper arsenate (ACA). Provide treatment that conforms to AWPA C25. Provide solid wood, distribution type crossarms, with a 1/4 inch 45 degree chamfer on all top edges. Provide cross-sectional area minimum dimensions of 4-1/4 inches in height by 3-1/4 inches in depth in accordance with IEEE C2 for Grade B construction. Provide crossarms that are 8 feet in length, except use 10 foot crossarms for crossarm-mounted banked single-phase transformers or elsewhere as indicated. Provide crossarms that are machined, chamfered, SECTION 33 71 01 Page 8 trimmed, and bored for stud and bolt holes before pressure treatment.

Provide factory drilling for pole and brace mounting, for four pin or four vertical line-post insulators, and for four suspension insulators, except where otherwise indicated or required. Provide required climbing space and wire clearances by drilling. Provide crossarms that are straight and free of twists to within 1/10 inch per foot of length. Provide bend or twist that is in one direction only.

2.3.2 Crossarm Braces

Provide flat steel as indicated. Provide braces with 38 inch span for 8 foot crossarms.

2.3.3 Armless Construction

Provide pole mounting brackets for line-post or pin insulators and eye bolts for suspension insulators as shown. Attach brackets to poles with a minimum of two bolts. Provide brackets either integrally as part of an insulator or attached to an insulator with a suitable stud. Provide bracket mounting surface suitable for the shape of the pole. Provide brackets for wood poles that have wood gripping members. Provide horizontal offset brackets that have a 5-degree uplift angle. Provide pole top brackets that conform to

IEEE C135.22, except for modifications necessary to provide support for a line-post insulator. Provide brackets that have a strength exceeding that of the required insulator strength, but in no case less than a 2800 pound cantilever strength.

2.4 HARDWARE

Provide hot-dip galvanized hardware in accordance with ASTM A 153/A 153M and

ASTM A 123/A 123M.

2.4.1 Pins

Provide pins that are zinc-coated forged steel with lead-thread height to suit the insulator to be installed, but not less than 4-1/2-inches high by

5/8-inch diameter. Provide shoulder that is not less than 2-inch diameter and that is designed to distribute the load uniformly to the crossarm.

Provide shank that is not less than 5/8-inch diameter by 5-3/4-inch length, equipped with a 2-inch square washer, nut, and locknut, and that projects not less than 1/8 inch nor more than 2 inches beyond the locknut. Use broad-based corner pins of drop-forged welded steel or malleable iron for turning small angles, as indicated.

2.4.2 Hot-Line Clamps

Make connections to overhead primary conductors with hot-line clamps of the screw type with concealed threads. Fill thread chamber with corrosion-resistant compound. Provide hot-line clamp tap conductor of bare soft-drawn seven-strand No. 4 copper, except that for the hot-line clamp tap conductor for lateral lines No. 2 and larger, provide bare soft-drawn copper of the same size and stranding as the lateral line.

Provide stirrups for hot-line clamp connections that are 4 by 4 inches, and are constructed of bare hard-drawn copper the same size as the tap line but not less than No. 4.

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 9

2.4.3 Secondary Racks

Provide secondary racks that are the 2-, 3-, or 4-wire type as required and are furnished complete with spool insulators.

Provide racks that meet industry requirements for the strength and deflection of heavy-duty steel racks and that are either galvanized steel or aluminum alloy.

Provide top of insulator points that are rounded and smooth. Hold insulators in place with a 5/8-inch buttonhead bolt equipped with a nonferrous cotter pin, or equivalent, at the bottom.

2.5 INSULATORS

Provide wet-process porcelain insulators which are radio interference free.

e. Pin insulators: NEMA C29.5, Class 55-2.

2.6 OVERHEAD CONDUCTORS, CONNECTORS AND SPLICES

Conductors of bare copper of sizes and types indicated.

2.6.1 Solid Copper

ASTM B 1, ASTM B 2, and ASTM B 3, hard-drawn, medium-hard-drawn, and soft-drawn, respectively. ASTM B 8, stranded.

2.6.2 Aluminum (AAC)

ASTM B 230/B 230M and ASTM B 231/B 231M.

2.6.3 Aluminum Alloy (AAAC)

ASTM B 398/B 398M or ASTM B 399/B 399M.

2.6.4 Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced (ACSR)

ASTM B 232/B 232M, aluminum.

2.6.5 Connectors and Splices

Provide connectors and splices of copper alloys for copper conductors, aluminum alloys for aluminum-composition conductors, and a type designed to minimize galvanic corrosion for copper to aluminum-composition conductors.

Provide aluminum-composition, aluminum-composition to copper, and copper-to-copper that complies with UL 486A-486B.

2.7 NEUTRAL-SUPPORTED SECONDARY AND SERVICE DROP CABLES

Provide Service cables of aluminum, triplex with cross-linked polyethylene insulation on the phase conductors. Provide bare aluminum alloy that is the same size as the phase conductors unless otherwise indicated. Provide cables that conform to NEMA WC 70 for cross-linked polyethylene insulation.

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 10

2.8 GUY STRAND

ASTM A 475, high-strength, Class A or B, galvanized strand steel cable.

Provide guy strand that is 0.375 inch in diameter with a minimum breaking strength of 18000 pounds. Provide guy terminations designed for use with the particular strand and developing at least the ultimate breaking strength of the strand.

2.9 ROUND GUY MARKERS

Vinyl or PVC material, yellow colored, 8 feet long and shatter resistant at sub-zero temperatures.

2.9.1 Guy Attachment

Thimble eye guy attachment.

2.10 ANCHORS AND ANCHOR RODS

Provide anchors that present holding area indicated on drawings as a minimum. Provide anchor rods that are triple thimble-eye, 3/4 inch diameter by 8 feet long. Provide anchors and anchor rods that are hot dip galvanized.

2.10.1 Screw Anchors

Screw type anchors having a manufacturer's rating of not less than 2300 pounds in loose to medium sand/clay soil, Class 6 and extra heavy pipe rods conforming to ASTM A 53/A 53M, Schedule 80, and couplings conforming to ASME

B16.11,

2.10.2 Plate Anchors

Minimum area of 250 square inches and rated by manufacturer for 24,000 pounds or more in soils classified as medium dense coarse sand and sandy gravels; firm to stiff clays and silts.

2.10.3 Rock Anchors

Rock anchors having a manufacturer's rating of 23,000 pounds.

2.11 GROUNDING AND BONDING

2.11.1 Driven Ground Rods

Provide zinc-coated steel ground rods conforming to ANSI C135.30 not less than 3/4 inch in diameter by 10 feet in length. Sectional type rods are acceptable for rods 20 feet or longer.

2.11.2 Grounding Conductors

ASTM B 8. Provide soft drawn copper wire ground conductors a minimum No. 4

AWG. Provide PVC ground wire protectors.

2.11.3 Grounding Connections

UL 467. Exothermic weld or compression connector.

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 11

2.12 SURGE ARRESTERS

IEEE C62.11, metal oxide, polymeric-housed, surge arresters arranged for crossarm mounting. Provide 15 kV RMS voltage rating. Provide Distribution class arresters.

2.13 FUSED CUTOUTS

Open type fused cutouts rated 100 amperes and amperes symmetrical interrupting current at 15 kV ungrounded, conforming to IEEE C37.42. Type T fuses conforming to IEEE C37.42 with ampere ratings equal to 150 percent of the transformer full load rating. Open link type fuse cutouts are not acceptable. Provide heavy duty open drop-out type, rated 15 kV, 200 Amp, 7,100 Amp I.C. (Sym.).

2.14 MISCELLANEOUS

Provide standard accessories and components in accordance with IEEE C57.15.

Provide single-phase units with additional components and accessories required by IEEE C57.15 for three-phase units.

2.15 ELECTRICAL TAPES

Provide UL listed tapes for electrical insulation and other purposes in wire and cable splices. Provide terminations, repairs and miscellaneous purposes, electrical tapes that comply with UL 510.

2.16 CALKING COMPOUND

Provide compound for sealing of conduit risers that is of a puttylike consistency workable with hands at temperatures as low as 35 degrees F, that does not slump at a temperature of 300 degrees F, and that does not harden materially when exposed to air. Provide compound that readily caulks or adheres to clean surfaces of the materials with which it is designed to be used. Provide compound that has no injurious effects upon the workmen or upon the materials.

2.17 NAMEPLATES

2.17.1 Manufacturer's Nameplate

Provide each item of equipment with a nameplate bearing the manufacturer's name, address, model number, and serial number securely affixed in a conspicuous place; the nameplate of the distributing agent is not acceptable. Provide equipment containing liquid-dielectrics with the type of dielectric on the nameplate.

2.17.2 Field Fabricated Nameplates

ASTM D 709. Provide laminated plastic nameplates for each equipment enclosure, relay, switch, and device; as specified or as indicated on the drawings. Identify the function and, when applicable, the position with each nameplate inscription. Provide melamine plastic, 0.125 inch thick nameplates, white with black center core. Provide matte finish surface.

Provide square corners. Accurately align lettering and engrave into the

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 12 core. Minimum size of nameplates is one by 2.5 inches. Minimum size of lettering is 0.25 inch high normal block style.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

Provide overhead pole line installation conforming to requirements of IEEE

C2 for Grade B construction of overhead lines in medium loading districts and NFPA 70 for overhead services. Provide material required to make connections into existing system and perform excavating, backfilling, and other incidental labor. Consider street, alleys, roads and drives "public."

Provide pole configuration as indicated.

3.1.1 Overhead Service

Terminate overhead service conductors into buildings at service entrance fittings or weatherhead outside building. Provide nearby support bracket for overhead wires. Provide drip loops that are formed on conductors at entrances to buildings, cabinets, or conduits.

3.1.2 Tree Trimming

Where lines pass through trees, trim trees at least 15 feet clear on both sides horizontally and below for medium-voltage lines, and 5 feet clear on both sides horizontally and below for other lines. Do not allow a branch to overhang horizontal clearances.

3.1.3 Wood Pole Installation

Provide pole holes at least as large at the top as at the bottom and large enough to provide 4 inch clearance between the pole and side of the hole.

3.1.3.1 Setting Depth of Pole

Provide pole setting depths as follows:

Length of Pole Setting in Soil Setting in Solid Rock

(feet) (feet) (feet)

20 5.0 3.0

25 5.5 3.5

30 5.5 3.5

35 6.0 4.0

40 6.0 4.0

45 6.5 4.5

50 7.0 4.5

55 7.5 5.0

60 8.0 5.0

65 8.5 5.5

70 9.0 5.5

75 9.5 6.0

80 10.0 6.0

85 10.5 6.5

90 11.0 6.5

95 11.5 7.0

100 12.5 7.5

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 13

3.1.3.2 Setting in Soil, Sand, and Gravel

"Setting in Soil" depths, as specified in paragraph entitled "Setting Depth of Pole," apply where the following occurs:

a. Where pole holes are in soil, sand, or gravel or any combination of these;

b. Where soil layer over solid rock is more than 2 feet deep;

c. Where hole in solid rock is not substantially vertical; or

d. Where diameter of hole at surface of rock exceeds twice the diameter of pole at same level.

3.1.3.3 Setting in Solid Rock

"Setting in Solid Rock," as specified in paragraph entitled "Setting Depth of Pole," applies where poles are to be set in solid rock and where hole is substantially vertical, approximately uniform in diameter and large enough to permit use of tamping bars the full depth of hole.

3.1.3.4 Setting With Soil Over Solid Rock

Where a layer of soil 2 feet or less in depth over solid rock exists, make depth of hole the depth of soil in addition to depth specified under

"Setting in Solid Rock" in paragraph entitled "Setting Depth of Pole," provided, however, that such depth does not exceed depth specified under

"Setting in Soil."

3.1.3.5 Setting on Sloping Ground

On sloping ground, always measure hole depth from low side of hole.

3.1.3.6 Backfill

Thoroughly tamp pole backfill for full depth of the hole and mound excess fill around the pole.

3.1.3.7 Setting Poles

Set poles so that alternate crossarm gains face in opposite directions, except at terminals and dead ends where gains of last two poles are on side facing terminal or dead end. On unusually long spans, set poles so that crossarm comes on side of pole away from long span. Where pole top pins are used, place on opposite side of pole from gain, with flat side against pole.

3.1.3.8 Alignment of Poles

Set poles in alignment and plumb except at corners, terminals, angles, junctions, or other points of strain, set and rake them against the strain.

Set not less than 2 inches for each 10 feet of pole length above grade, nor more than 4 inches for each 10 feet of pole length after conductors are installed at required tension. When average ground run is level, vary consecutive poles by not more than 5 feet in height. When ground is uneven, SECTION 33 71 01 Page 14 keep poles differing in length to a minimum by locating poles to avoid the highest and lowest ground points. If it becomes necessary to shorten a pole, saw a piece off the top. Dig holes large enough to permit the proper use of tampers to full depth of hole.

3.1.3.9 Pole Caps

Provide plastic pole caps with 1/4 inch sealing rings and four nailing tabs.

Fill sealing area with either a bituminous, elastigum roof cement or an acceptable preservative paste to level of sealing ring to eliminate possibility of condensation. Place on pole top and nail each tab down with a 1 1/4 inch nail.

3.1.3.10 Marking

Mark each pole in accordance with the requirements of ATIS O5.1. Locate marking on the face of the pole approximately 10 feet from the butt on the pole. Mark on the face of the pole at other locations standard with the pole manufacturer, where approved by the Contracting Officer.

Number poles as indicated. Number poles not having numbers indicated as directed by the Contracting Officer. Provide pole numbers that consist of aluminum numerals and characters not less than 2-1/2-inches high fastened to the pole with aluminum nails. Locate numerals to provide maximum visibility from the road or patrol route.

3.1.4 Anchors and Guys

Place anchors in line with strain. Provide indicated length of the guy lead

(distance from base of pole to the top of the anchor rod).

3.1.4.1 Setting Anchors

Set anchors in place with anchor rod aligned with, and pointing directly at, guy attachment on the pole with the anchor rod projecting 6 to 9 inches out of ground to prevent burial of rod eye.

3.1.4.2 Backfilling Near Anchors

Backfill plate anchors with tightly tamped earth for full depth of hole.

3.1.4.3 Screw Anchors

Install screw anchors by torquing with boring machine.

3.1.4.4 Swamp Anchors

Install swamp anchors by torquing with boring machine or wrenches, adding sections of pipe as required until anchor helix is fully engaged in firm soil.

3.1.4.5 Rock Anchors

Install rock anchors minimum depth 12 inches in solid rock.

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 15

3.1.4.6 Guy Installation

Provide guys where indicated, with loads and strengths as indicated, and wherever conductor tensions are not balanced, such as at angles, corners and dead-ends. Where single guy do not provide the required strength, provide two or more guys. Where guys are wrapped around poles, provide at least two guy hooks. Provide pole shims where guy tension exceeds 6000 pounds.

Provide guy clamps 6 inches in length with three 5/8 inch bolts, or offset-type guy clamps, or approved guy grips at each guy terminal. Securely clamp plastic guy marker to the guy or anchor at the bottom and top of marker.Complete anchor and guy installation, dead end to dead end, and tighten guy before wire stringing and sagging is begun on that line section.

Provide strain insulators at a point on guy strand 8 feet minimum from the ground and 6 feet minimum from the surface of pole.

3.1.5 Hardware

Provide hardware with washer against wood and with nuts and lock nuts applied wrench tight. Provide locknuts on threaded hardware connections.

Provide M-F style locknuts and not palnut style.

3.1.6 Grounding

Unless otherwise indicated, provide grounding that conforms to IEEE C2 and

NFPA 70.

3.1.6.1 Grounding Electrode Installation

Install grounding electrodes as follows:

a. Driven rod electrodes - Unless otherwise indicated, locate ground rods approximately 3 feetout from base of the pole and drive into the earth until the tops of the rods are approximately 1 foot below finished grade. Evenly space multiple rods at least 10 feet apart and connect together 2 feet below grade with a minimum No. 6 bare copper conductor.

b. Plate electrodes - Install plate electrodes in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and IEEE C2 and NFPA 70.

c. Ground resistance - Provide a driven ground rod with a maximum resistance that does not exceed 25 ohms under normally dry conditions. Whenever the required ground resistance is not met, provide additional electrodes interconnected with grounding conductors, to achieve the specified ground resistance. The additional electrodes are up to three, 8 feet rods spaced a minimum of 10 feetapart. In high ground resistance, use of UL listed chemically charged ground rods is allowed. If the resultant resistance exceeds 25 ohms measured not less than 48 hours after rainfall, notify the Contracting Officer immediately.

3.1.6.2 Grounding Electrode Conductors

Size grounding electrode conductors as indicated. Connect secondary system neutral conductors directly to the transformer neutral bushings, then connect with a neutral bonding jumper between the transformer neutral

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 16 bushing and the vertical grounding electrode conductor as indicated. Bends greater than 45 degrees in grounding electrode conductor are not permitted.

3.1.6.3 Grounding Electrode Connections

Make above grade grounding connections on pole lines by exothermic weld or by using a compression connector. Make below grade grounding connections by exothermic weld. Make exothermic welds strictly in accordance with manufacturer's written recommendations. Welds which have puffed up or which show convex surfaces indicating improper cleaning, are not acceptable. No mechanical connectors are required at exothermic weldments. Provide compression connectors that are the type that uses a hydraulic compression tool to provide correct pressure. Provide tools and dies recommended by compression connector manufacturer. Provide an embossing die code or similar method as visible indication that a connector has been fully compressed on ground wire.

3.1.6.4 Grounding and Grounded Connections

a. Where no primary or common neutral exists, bond together surge arresters and frames of equipment operating at over 750 volts and connect to a dedicated primary grounding electrode.

b. Where no primary or common neutral exists, transformer secondary neutral bushing, secondary neutral conductor, and bond together frames of equipment operating at under 750 volts and connect to a dedicated secondary grounding electrode.

c. When a primary or common neutral exists, connect all grounding and grounded conductors to a common grounding electrode.

3.1.6.5 Protective Molding

Protect grounding conductors which are run on surface of wood poles by PVC molding extending from ground line throughout communication and transformer spaces.

3.1.7 CONDUCTOR INSTALLATION

3.1.7.1 Line Conductors

Handle conductors with care necessary to prevent nicking, kinking, gouging, abrasions, sharp bends, cuts, flattening, or otherwise deforming or weakening conductor or any damage to insulation or impairing its conductivity. Remove damaged sections of conductor and splice conductor.

Provide conductors that are paid out with the free end of conductors fixed and cable reels portable, except where terrain or obstructions make this method unfeasible. Make the bend radius for any insulated conductor not less than the applicable NEMA specification recommendation. Do not draw conductors over rough or rocky ground, nor around sharp bends. When installed by machine power, provide conductors that are drawn from a mounted reel through stringing sheaves in straight lines clear of obstructions.

Check the initial sag and tension, in accordance with the manufacturer's approved sag and tension charts, within an elapsed time after installation as recommended by the manufacturer.

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3.1.7.2 Connectors and Splices

Provide conductor splices, as installed, that exceed ultimate rated strength of conductor and are of the type recommended by conductor manufacturer. No splices are permitted within 10 feet of a support. Provide connectors and splices that are mechanically and electrically secure under tension and are of the nonbolted compression type. Make splices have a tensile strength of not less than the rated breaking strength of the conductor. Provide splice materials, sleeves, fittings, and connectors that are noncorrosive and that do not adversely affect conductors. Wire brush and apply an oxide inhibitor to aluminum-composition conductors before making a compression connection.

Connectors which are factory-filled with an inhibitor are acceptable.

Provide types of inhibitors and compression tools recommended by the connector manufacturer. Provide primary line apparatus taps by means of hot line clamps attached to compression type bail clamps (stirrups). Provide solderless pressure type low-voltage connectors for copper conductors.

Smoothly tape noninsulated connectors to provide a waterproof insulation equivalent to the original insulation, when installed on insulated conductors. On overhead connections of aluminum and copper, install the aluminum above the copper.

3.1.7.3 Conductor-To-Insulator Attachments

Attach conductors to insulators by means of clamps, shoes or tie wires, in accordance with the type of insulator. For insulators requiring conductor tie-wire attachments, provide tie-wire sizes as specified in TABLE I.

TABLE I

TIE-WIRE REQUIREMENTS

CONDUCTOR TIE WIRE

Copper (AWG) Soft-Drawn Copper (AWG)

6 8

4 and 2 6

1 through 3/0 4

4/0 and larger 2

AAC, AAAC, or ACSR (AWG) AAAC OR AAC (AWG)

Any size 6 or 4

3.1.7.4 Armor Rods

Provide armor rods for AAC, AAAC, and ACSR conductors. Install armor rods at supports, except armor rods are not required at primary dead-end assemblies if aluminum or aluminum-lined zinc-coated steel clamps are used.

Provide lengths and methods of fastening armor rods in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. For span lengths of less than 200 feet, use of flat aluminum armor rods is allowed. Use flat armor rods, not less than

0.03 by 0.25 inch on No. 1 AWG AAC and AAAC and smaller conductors and on

No. 5 AWG ACSR and smaller conductors. On larger sizes, provide flat armor rods that are not less than 0.05 by 0.30 inches. For span lengths of 200 feet or more, use preformed round armor rods.

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3.1.7.5 Ties

Provide ties on pin insulators tight against conductor and insulator and ends turned down flat against conductor so that no wire ends project.

3.1.7.6 Low-Voltage Insulated Cables

Support low-voltage cables on clevis fittings using spool insulators.

Provide dead-end clevis fittings and suspensions insulators where required for adequate strength. Provide dead-end construction that has a strength exceeding the rated breaking strength of the neutral messenger. Provide clevis attachments with not less than 5/8 inch through-bolts. Use secondary racks when installed on wood poles and where the span length does not exceed

200 feet. Provide two-, three-, or four-wire secondary racks, complete with spool insulators. Provide racks that meet strength and deflection requirements for heavy-duty steel racks, and are rounded and smooth to avoid damage to conductor insulation. Hold each insulator in place with a 5/8 inch button-head bolt equipped with a nonferrous cotter pin, or equivalent, at the bottom. Provide racks for dead-ending four No. 4/0 AWG or four larger conductors that are attached to poles with three 5/8 inch through-bolts. Attach other secondary racks to poles with at least two 5/8 inch through-bolts. Provide minimum vertical spacing between conductors of not less than 8 inches.

3.1.7.7 Reinstalling Conductors

String existing conductors to be reinstalled or resagged to "final" sag table values indicated for the particular conductor type and size involved.

3.1.7.8 New Conductor Installation

String new conductors to "initial" sag table values recommended by the manufacturer for conductor type and size of conductor and ruling span indicated.

3.1.7.9 Fittings

Provide dead end fittings that conform to written recommendations of conductor manufacturer and that develop full ultimate strength of conductor.

3.1.7.10 Aluminum Connections

Make aluminum connections to copper or other material using only splices, connectors, lugs, or fittings designed for that specific purpose. Keep a copy of manufacturer's instructions for applying these fittings at job site for use of the inspector.

3.1.8 Operating Handle

Locate approximately 5 feet above ground on field side of pole.

3.1.9 Risers

Secure galvanized steel conduits on poles by two hole galvanized steel pipe straps spaced as indicated and within 3 feet of any outlet or termination.

Ground metallic conduits.

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3.2 FIELD APPLIED PAINTING

Paint electrical equipment as required to match finish of adjacent surfaces or to meet the indicated or specified safety criteria.

3.3 FIELD FABRICATED NAMEPLATE MOUNTING

Provide number, location, and letter designation of nameplates as indicated.

Fasten nameplates to the device with a minimum of two sheet-metal screws or two rivets.

3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

3.4.1 General

Notify the Contracting Officer days prior to conducting tests. Furnish materials, labor, and equipment necessary to conduct field tests. Perform tests and inspections recommended by the manufacturer unless specifically waived by the Contracting Officer. Maintain a written record of tests which includes date, test performed, personnel involved, devices tested, serial number and name of test equipment, and test results. Sign and date field reports.

3.4.2 Safety

Provide and use safety devices such as rubber gloves, protective barriers, and danger signs to protect and warn personnel in the test vicinity.

Replace any devices or equipment which are damaged due to improper test procedures or handling.

3.4.3 Medium-Voltage Preassembled Cable Test

After installation, prior to connection to an existing system, and before the operating test, give the medium-voltage preassembled cable system a high potential test. Apply direct-current voltage on each phase conductor of the system by connecting conductors at one terminal and connecting grounds or metallic shieldings or sheaths of the cable at the other terminal for each test. Prior to the test, isolate the cables by opening applicable protective devices and disconnecting equipment. Provide the method, voltage, length of time, and other characteristics of the test for initial installation in accordance with NEMA WC 74 for the particular type of cable installed, and do not exceed the recommendations of IEEE Std 404 for cable joints unless the cable and accessory manufacturers indicate higher voltages are acceptable for testing. For any cable that fails due to a weakness of conductor insulation or due to defects or injuries incidental to the installation or because of improper installation of cable, cable joints, terminations, or other connections, make necessary repairs or replace cables as directed. Retest repaired or replaced cables.

3.4.4 Sag and Tension Test

Give the Contracting Officer prior notice of the time schedule for stringing conductors or cables serving overhead medium-voltage circuits. The

Contracting Officer reserves the right to witness the procedures used for ascertaining that initial stringing sags and tensions are in compliance with requirements for the applicable loading district and cable weight.

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3.4.5 Low-Voltage Cable Test

For underground secondary or service laterals from overhead lines, provide the low-voltage cable, complete with splices, that is tested for insulation resistance after the cables are installed, in their final configuration, ready for connection to the equipment, and prior to energization. The 500 volts dc test voltage, applied for one minute between each conductor and ground and between all possible combinations of conductors in the same trench, duct, or cable, with other conductors in the same trench, duct, or conduit. Provide insulation with a minimum value of:

R in megohms = (rated voltage in kV + 1) x 1000/(length of cable in feet)

Repair or replace each cable failing this test. Retest the repaired cable then until failures have been eliminated.

3.4.6 Pre-Energization Services

Perform the following services on the equipment listed below. Perform these services subsequent to testing but prior to the initial energization.

Inspect the equipment to insure that installation is in compliance with the recommendations of the manufacturer and as shown on the detail drawings.

Inspect terminations of conductors at major equipment to ensure the adequacy of connections. Inspect bare and insulated conductors between such terminations to detect possible damage during installation. If factory tests were not performed on completed assemblies, perform tests after the installation of completed assemblies. Inspect components for damage caused during installation or shipment and to ensure that packaging materials have been removed. Provide components capable of being both manually and electrically operated that are operated manually prior to the first electrical operation. Provide components capable of being calibrated, adjusted, and tested and calibrate, adjust and test in accordance with the instructions of the equipment manufacturer. Items for which such services are provided, but are not limited to, are the following:

Capacitors.

Switches.

3.4.7 Performance of Acceptance Checks and Tests

Perform in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and include the following visual and mechanical inspections and electrical tests, performed in accordance with NETA ATS.

3.4.7.1 Overhead-Type Distribution Transformers

a. Visual and mechanical inspection

(1) Compare equipment nameplate information with specifications and approved shop drawings.

(2) Inspect physical and mechanical condition.

(3) Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torque-wrench method. Thermographic survey is not required.

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(4) Perform specific inspections and mechanical tests as recommended by manufacturer.

(5) Verify correct equipment grounding.

b. Electrical tests

(2) Perform insulation-resistance tests.

(3) Perform continuity test.

(4) Set tap changer to provide a secondary voltage of .

3.4.7.2 Pole Top Interrupter Switch

a. Visual and Mechanical Inspection

(1) Compare equipment nameplate information with specifications and approved shop drawings.

(2) Inspect physical and mechanical condition.

(3) Verify appropriate equipment grounding.

(4) Perform mechanical operator tests in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

(5) Verify correct blade alignment, blade penetration, travel stops, arc interrupter operation, and mechanical operation.

b. Electrical Tests

(1) Perform insulation-resistance tests.

(2) Perform dc over-potential tests.

(3) Perform contact-resistance tests across each switch blade.

3.4.7.3 Grounding System

a. Visual and mechanical inspection

(1) Inspect ground system for compliance with contract plans and specifications.

b. Electrical tests

(1) Perform ground-impedance measurements utilizing the fall-of-potential method. On systems consisting of interconnected ground rods, perform tests after interconnections are complete. On systems consisting of a single ground rod perform tests before any wire is connected. Take measurements in normally dry weather, not less than 48 hours after rainfall. Use a portable ground testing megger in accordance with manufacturer's instructions to test each ground or group of grounds. Provide an instrument that is equipped

SECTION 33 71 01 Page 22 with a meter reading directly in ohms or fractions thereof to indicate the ground value of the ground rod or grounding systems under test.

3.4.8 Devices Subject to Manual Operation

Operate each device subject to manual operation at least three times, demonstrating satisfactory operation each time.

3.4.9 Follow-Up Verification

Upon completion of acceptance checks and tests, show by demonstration in service that circuits and devices are in good operating condition and properly performing the intended function. As an exception to requirements stated elsewhere in the contract, give the Contracting Officer 5 working days advance notice of the dates and times of checking and testing.

-- End of Section --

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