13281_en.doc

SECTION 13281

ENGINEERING CONTROL OF ASBESTOS CONTAINING MATERIALS

PART 1 -

GENERAL

1.1

REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by the basic designation only.

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (DoD)

DOD-FGS

(2002) Environmental Final Governing Standards for the Italian Theatre.

ITALIAN NORMS AND LAWS

D.P.R. 24.05.1988, No. 215 Implementation of the requirements Nos. 83/478/CEE and 85/610/CEE.

Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No. 277 Implementation of the requirements Nos. 80/1107/CEE, 82/605/CEE, 83/477/CEE, 86/188/CEE and 88/642/CEE, concerning the protection of the workers against the risk originated by exposure to chemical, physical and biological agents during the work, according to Law No. 212 dated 30 July 1990, Art.7.

Law 27.03.1992, No. 257 Norms concerning the discontinuance of the use of the asbestos.

Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994 Norm and technical methodologies for compliance with Law No. 257, dated 27 March 1992, Art. 6, comma 3, and Art. 12, comma 2 concerning the concerning the discontinuance of the use of the asbestos.

Legislative Decree 10.09.1994, No. 626 Implementation of the CEE requirements for improving safety and health of workers on work site.

Legislative Decree 17.03.1995, No. 114 Implementation of the requirements 87/217/CEE concerning the prevention and reduction of the environment pollution due to the asbestos.

Circular No. 7, 12.04.1995 Explanatory circular of the Ministerial Decree dated 06.09.1994.

Ministerial Decree 14.05.1996 Norms and technical methodologies for reclamation actions as stated by Law No. 257, dated 27 March 1992, Art.5, comma 1, letter f) concerning: “Norms for the discontinuance of the use of the asbestos”.

Legislative Decree 14.08.1996, No. 494 Implementation of the requirements 92/57/CEE concerning the minimum safety and health requirements to be accomplished in temporary or mobile work sites.

Legislative Decree 05.02.1997, No. 22 Implementation of the requirements 91/156/CEE regarding waste, 91/689/CEE regarding hazardous waste and 94/62/CEE regarding packaging and waste packaging.

Ministerial Decree 12.02.1997 Criteria for homologation of products replacing the asbestos.

Ministerial Decree 26.03.1998 List including the name of the firms and list of the materials replacing the asbestos that have obtained the homologation.

Decree 20.08.1999 Increase of the norms and technical methodologies for reclamation actions as stated by Law No. 257, dated 27 March 1992, Art.5, comma 1, letter f, concerning: “Norms for the discontinuance of the use of the asbestos”.

Deliberation 14.03.2001 Modification to the deliberation dated 1 February 2000, protocol No. 002/CN/ALBO, concerning “Criteria to be enrolled in the Albo Categoria 10: Reclamation of asbestos containing goods” (Deliberation No. 004/CN/Albo).

Decree 25.07.2001

Rectification of Decree 20 August 1999 concerning “Increase of the norms and technical methodologies for reclamation actions as stated by Law No. 257, dated 27 March 1992, Art.5, comma 1, letter f) concerning norms for the discontinuance of the use of the asbestos”.

Decree of the Council of

Ministers President

10.12.2002, No. 308 Regulations for the determination of the model and the procedures to keep the register in case of mesothelioma due to the asbestos according to Legislative Decree No. 277, dated 15 August 1991, Art.36, comma 3.

Ministerial Decree 13.03.2003 Criteria of admissibility of the wastes in the dump site.

REGIONAL NORMS AND LAWS

Regional Law dated 03.09.1996, No. 039 Implementation of the national laws concerning the discontinuance of the use of the asbestos.

Regional Law dated 09.11.1998, No. 013 Directions concerning environment, territory, economic and productive activities, health and social care, education and culture, state employment, state real property, regional financial companies, intervention on support of the Middle Europe Enterprise, treatment of personal data, and reconstruction of devastated by earthquake areas.

Regional Law dated 12.09.2001, No. 022 Directions concerning surveillance, prevention, and information of situation with asbestos danger and correlated regional interventions.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

1.2.1 ACM

Asbestos Containing Materials.

1.2.2 Amended Water

Water containing a wetting agent or surfactant with a maximum surface tension of (2.9 Pa) 29 dynes per centimeter.

1.2.3 Area Sampling

Sampling of asbestos fiber concentrations which approximates the concentrations of asbestos in the theoretical breathing zone but is not actually collected in the breathing zone of an employee.

1.2.4 Asbestos

The term asbestos includes chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite asbestos, anthophyllite asbestos, and actinolite asbestos and any of these minerals that has been chemically treated or altered. Materials are considered to contain asbestos if the asbestos content of the material is determined to be greater than one percent.

1.2.5 Asbestos Control Area

That area where asbestos removal operations are performed which is isolated by physical boundaries which assist in the prevention of the uncontrolled release of asbestos dust, fibers, or debris.

1.2.6 Asbestos Fibers

Those fibers having an aspect ratio of at least 3:1 and longer than 5 micrometers as determined by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Method 7400.

1.2.7 Asbestos Permissible Exposure Limit

0.1 fibers per cubic centimeter of air as an 8-hour time weighted average measured in the breathing zone as defined by Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No. 277, Art. 24, having legal jurisdiction for the protection of workers health.

1.2.8 Background

The ambient airborne asbestos concentration in an uncontaminated area as measured prior to any asbestos hazard abatement efforts. Background concentrations for other (contaminated) areas are measured in similar but asbestos free locations.

1.2.9 Competent Person

A person meeting the requirements for competent person as specified in Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No. 277, Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994 and Law 27.03.1992, No. 257 including a person capable of identifying existing asbestos hazards in the workplace and selecting the appropriate control strategy for asbestos exposure, who has the authority to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them, and is specifically trained in a training course which meets the criteria of Legislative Decree 19.09.1994, No. 626, for project designer or supervisor, or its equivalent. The competent person shall have a current asbestos contractors or supervisor's license applicable to local requirements.

1.2.10 Contractor

The Contractor is that individual, or entity under contract to United States Government (U.S. Air Force) to perform the herein listed work.

1.2.11 Encapsulation

The abatement of an asbestos hazard through the appropriate use of chemical encapsulants.

1.2.12 Encapsulants

Specific materials in various forms used to chemically or physically entrap asbestos fibers in various configurations to prevent these fibers from becoming airborne. There are four types of encapsulants as follows which must comply with performance requirements as specified herein.

a.

Removal Encapsulant (can be used as a wetting agent) b.

Bridging Encapsulant (used to provide a tough, durable surface coating to asbestos containing material) c.

Penetrating Encapsulant (used to penetrate the asbestos containing material encapsulating all asbestos fibers and preventing fiber release due to routine mechanical damage) d.

Lock-Down Encapsulant (used to seal off or "lock-down" minute asbestos fibers left on surfaces from which asbestos containing material has been removed).

1.2.13 Excursion Limit

The employer shall ensure that no employee is exposed to an airborne concentration of asbestos in excess of 1.0 fiber per cubic centimeter of air (1 f/cc) as averaged over a sampling period of thirty (30) minutes.

1.2.14 Full Containment

Those engineering control techniques described in Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994 for major asbestos removal, renovation of and demolition operations.

1.2.15 Friable Asbestos Material

Greater than one percent asbestos containing material that can be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder by hand pressure when dry.

1.2.16 Glovebag Technique

Those asbestos removal and control techniques put forth in Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, Para. 5b.

1.2.17 HEPA Filter Equipment

Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, Para 5a. High efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtered vacuum and/or exhaust ventilation equipment with a filter system capable of collecting and retaining asbestos fibers.

1.2.18 United States Government (U.S. Air Force) Consultant

That qualified person employed directly by the Government to monitor, sample, inspect the work or in some other way advise the Contracting Officer. The individual is normally a private consultant, but can be an employee of the Government.

1.2.19 Negative Pressure Enclosure (NPE)

That engineering control technique described as a negative pressure enclosure in Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, Para. 5a.

1.2.20 Non-friable Asbestos Material

Material that contains asbestos in which the fibers have been immobilized by a bonding agent, coating, binder, or other material so that the asbestos is well bound and will not normally release asbestos fibers during any appropriate use, handling, storage or transportation. It is understood that asbestos fibers may be released under other conditions such as demolition, removal, or mishap.

1.2.21 Personal Sampling

Air sampling which is performed to determine asbestos fiber concentrations within the breathing zone of a specific employee, as performed in accordance with Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No. 277, Art. 30.

1.2.22 Presumed Asbestos-Containing Materials (PACM)

Includes all roof waterproofing materials and heating system gaskets, unless testing indicates asbestos content of the material is determined to not be greater than one percent.

1.2.23 Private Qualified Person (PQP)

A person hired by the Contractor to perform the herein listed tasks. The PQP shall be a Registered Architect, Professional Engineer, Certified Industrial Hygienist, consultant or other qualified person who has successfully completed training and is therefore accredited as described in Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, Para. 4a and Legislative Decree 19.09.1994, No. 626, as a Building Inspector, Contractor/Supervisor Abatement Worker, and Asbestos Project Designer; and has successfully completed the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) 582 course "Sampling and Evaluating Airborne Asbestos Dust" or equivalent.

1.2.24 TEM

Refers to Transmission Electron Microscopy.

1.2.25 Time Weighted Average (TWA)

The TWA is an 8-hour time weighted average airborne concentration of asbestos fibers.

1.2.26 Wetting Agent

A chemical added to water to reduce the water's surface tension thereby increasing the water's ability to soak into the material to which it is applied.

An equivalent wetting agent must have a surface tension of at most 2.9 Pa (29 dynes per centimeter).

1.3 REQUIREMENTS

1.3.1 Description of Work

The work covered by this section includes the handling and control of asbestos containing materials and describes some of the resultant procedures and equipment required to protect workers, the environment and occupants of the building or area, or both, from contact with airborne asbestos fibers. The work also includes the disposal of any asbestos containing materials generated by the work. More specific operational procedures shall be outlined in the Asbestos Hazard Abatement Plan called for elsewhere in this specification. The asbestos work includes the removal of asbestos gaskets installed in the boiler room and the roof waterproofing materials. Both activities are governed by DOD-FGS: Environmental Final Governing Standards of the Italian Theater, which is governed by Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No. 277, Legislative Decree 05.02.1997, No. 22, Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, Legislative Decree 19.09.1994, No. 626, Law 27.03.1992, No. 257 and Legislative Decree 14.08.1996, No. 494. Under normal conditions non-friable or chemically bound materials containing asbestos would not be considered hazardous; however, this material may release airborne asbestos fibers during demolition and removal and therefore must be handled in accordance with the removal and disposal procedures as specified herein.

Provide negative pressure enclosure, i.e., full containment, glovebag with mini-containment techniques as outlined in this specification. The U.S. Air Force will evacuate the building and/or work area during the asbestos abatement work. All asbestos removal work shall be supervised by a competent person as specified herein. The following materials and locations have been identified as asbestos-containing materials:

- Gaskets in Room No. 006.

- Building flat roof waterproofing.

Refer to the Hazardous Materials Report at the end of this section.

1.3.2 Medical Requirements

Provide medical requirements including but not limited to medical surveillance and medical record keeping as listed in Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No.277 and Legislative Decree 19.09.1994, No. 626.

1.3.2.1 Medical Examinations

Before exposure to airborne asbestos fibers, provide workers with a comprehensive medical examination as required by Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No. 277 or other pertinent State or local directives. This requirement must have been satisfied within the 12 months prior to the start of work on this contract. The same medical examination shall be given on an annual basis to employees engaged in an occupation involving asbestos and within 30 calendar days before or after the termination of employment in such occupation. Specifically identify x-ray films of asbestos workers to the consulting radiologist and mark medical record jackets with the word "ASBESTOS."

1.3.2.2 Medical Records

Maintain complete and accurate records of employees' medical examinations, medical records, and exposure data for a period of 50 years after termination of employment and make records of the required medical examinations and exposure data available for inspection and copying to an employee's physician upon the request of the employee or former employee.

1.3.3 Training

Train all personnel involved in the asbestos control work in accordance with Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No. 277, Legislative Decree 10.09.1994, No. 626 and Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, and United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act (AHERA) training criteria or State training criteria whichever is more stringent. The Contractor shall document the training by providing: dates of training, training entity, course outline, names of instructors, and qualifications of instructors upon request by the Contracting Officer.

Furnish each employee with respirator training and fit testing administered by the PQP as required by Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No. 277, Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994 and Legislative Decree 10.09.1994, No. 626. Fully cover engineering and other hazard control techniques and procedures.

1.3.4 Environment, Safety and Health Compliance

Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No. 277, Legislative Decree 10.09.1994, No.626, Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, Legislative Decree 05.02.1997, No. 22 and Legislative Decree 14.08.1996, No. 494. In addition to detailed requirements of this specification, comply with those applicable laws, ordinances, criteria, rules, and regulations of Federal, regional, and local authorities regarding handling, storing, transporting, and disposing of asbestos waste materials. Submit matters of interpretation of standards to the appropriate administrative agency for resolution before starting the work. Where the requirements of this specification, applicable laws, rules, criteria, ordinances, regulations, and referenced documents vary, the most stringent requirement as defined by the Government shall apply.

1.3.5 Respiratory Protection Program

Establish and implement a respirator program as required by Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, Art. 4. Submit a written description of the program to the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative.

1.3.6 Asbestos Hazard Control Supervisor

The Contractor shall be represented on site by a supervisor, trained using the model Contractor accreditation plan as indicated in the Federal statutes for all portions of the herein listed work.

1.3.7 Hazard Communication

Adhere to all parts of Legislative Decree 05.02.1997, No. 22 and provide the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative with a copy of the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all materials brought to the site.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

1.4.1 Product Data

Local exhaust equipment;

Vacuums;

Respirators;

Pressure differential automatic recording instrument;

Amended water;

Glovebags;

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all materials proposed for transport to the project site;

Encapsulants.

1.4.2 Certificates

Asbestos hazard abatement plan;

Testing laboratory

Private qualified person documentation;

Landfill approval;

Employee training;

Medical certification requirements;

Waste shipment records and if applicable exemption report;

Respiratory Protection Program;

Delivery Tickets.

1.4.3 Closeout Submittals

Notifications;

Rental equipment;

Respirator program records.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.5.1 Asbestos Hazard Abatement Plan

Submit a detailed plan of the safety precautions such as lockout, tagout, tryout, fall protection, and confined space entry procedures and equipment and work procedures to be used in the removal and demolition of materials containing asbestos. The plan, not to be combined with other hazard abatement plans, shall be prepared, signed, and sealed by the PQP. Provide a Table of Contents for each abatement submittal, which shall follow the sequence of requirements in the contract. Such plan shall include but not be limited to the precise personal protective equipment to be used including, but not limited to, respiratory protection, type of whole-body protection, the location of asbestos control areas including clean and dirty areas, buffer zones, showers, storage areas, change rooms, removal method, interface of trades involved in the construction, sequencing of asbestos related work, disposal plan, type of wetting agent and asbestos sealer to be used, locations of local exhaust equipment, planned air monitoring strategies, and a detailed description of the method to be employed in order to control environmental pollution. The plan shall also include (both fire and medical emergency) response plans. The Asbestos Hazard Abatement Plan must be approved in writing prior to starting any asbestos work. The Contractor, Asbestos Hazard Control Supervisor, and PQP shall meet with the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative prior to beginning work, to discuss in detail the Asbestos Hazard Abatement Plan, including work procedures and safety precautions.

Once approved by the Azienda Sanitaria Locale (A.S.L.), the plan will be enforced as if an addition to the specification. Any changes required in the specification as a result of the plan shall be identified specifically in the plan to allow for free discussion and approval by the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative prior to starting work.

1.5.2 Testing Laboratory

Submit the name, address, and telephone number of each testing laboratory selected for the sampling, analysis, and reporting of airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers along with evidence that each laboratory selected holds the appropriate State license and/or permits and certification that each laboratory is American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) accredited and that persons counting the samples have been judged proficient by current inclusion on the AIHA Asbestos Analysis Registry (AAR) and successful participation of the laboratory in the Proficiency Analytical Testing (PAT) Program. Where analysis to determine asbestos content in bulk materials or transmission electron microscopy is required, submit evidence that the laboratory is accredited by the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) under National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) for asbestos analysis. The testing laboratory firm shall be independent of the asbestos contractor and shall have no employee or employer relationship which could constitute a conflict of interest.

1.5.3 Private Qualified Person Documentation

Submit the name, address, and telephone number of the Private Qualified Person (PQP) selected to prepare the Asbestos Hazard Abatement Plan, direct monitoring and training, and documented evidence that the PQP has successfully completed training in and is accredited and where required is certified as, a Building Inspector, Contractor/Supervisor Abatement Worker, and Asbestos Project Designer as described by Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, Para. 4a and has successfully completed the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) 582 course "Sampling and Evaluating Airborne Asbestos Dust" or equivalent.

The private qualified person and the asbestos contractor shall not have an employee or employer relationship or financial relationship which could constitute a conflict of interest. The private qualified person shall be a first tier subcontractor.

1.5.4 Landfill Approval

Submit written evidence that the landfill for disposal is approved for asbestos disposal by the National and local regulatory agency(s). Submit to the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative, delivery tickets and waste shipment records, prepared in accordance with National regulations, signed and dated by an agent of the landfill, certifying the amount of asbestos materials delivered to the landfill, within 3 days after delivery.

1.5.5 Employee Training

Submit certificates, prior to the start of work but after the main abatement submittal, signed by each employee indicating that the employee has received training in the proper handling of materials and wastes that contain asbestos in accordance with Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No. 277; understands the health implications and risks involved, including the illnesses possible from exposure to airborne asbestos fibers; understands the use and limits of the respiratory equipment to be used; and understands the results of monitoring of airborne quantities of asbestos as related to health and respiratory equipment as indicated in Law 27.03.1992, No. 257 on an initial and annual basis. Certificates shall be organized by individual worker, not grouped by type of certification. Post appropriate evidence of compliance with the training requirements of Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No. 277.

1.5.6 Medical Certification

Provide a written certification for each worker and supervisor, signed by a licensed physician indicating that the worker and supervisor has met or exceeded all of the medical prerequisites listed herein and in Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No. 277 and Legislative Decree 19.09.1994, No. 626 as prescribed by law. Submit certificates prior to the start of work but after the main abatement submittal.

1.5.7 Respiratory Protection Program

Submit a written program manual or operating procedure including methods of compliance with regulatory statutes.

1.5.8 Competent Person Documentation

Submit training certification and a current copy of asbestos contractors or supervisor's license applicable to local and national requirements.

1.5.9 Air Sampling Results

Complete fiber counting and provide results to the PQP for review within 16 hours of the "time off" of the sample pump. Notify the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative immediately of any airborne levels of asbestos fibers in excess of the acceptable limits. Submit sampling results to the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative and the affected Contractor employees where required by law within 3 working days, signed by the testing laboratory employee performing air sampling, the employee that analyzed the sample, and the PQP . Notify the Contractor and the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative immediately of any variance in the pressure differential which could cause adjacent unsealed areas to have asbestos fiber concentrations in excess of 0.01 fibers per cubic centimeter or background whichever is higher. In no circumstance shall levels exceed 0.1 fibers per cubic centimeter.

1.5.10 Pressure Differential Recordings for Local Exhaust System

Provide a local exhaust system that creates a negative pressure of at least 0.51 mm of water relative to the pressure external to the enclosure and operate it continuously, 24 hours a day, until the temporary enclosure of the asbestos control area is removed. Submit pressure differential recordings for each work day to the PQP for review and to the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative within 24 hours from the end of each work day.

1.5.11 Notifications

Notify the Contracting Officer and other appropriate Government agencies in writing 10 working days prior to the start of asbestos work as indicated in applicable laws, ordinances, criteria, rules, and regulations.

1.5.12 Rental Equipment

Provide a copy of the written notification to the rental company concerning the intended use of the equipment and the possibility of asbestos contamination of the equipment.

1.5.13 Respirator Program Records

Submit records of the respirator program as required by Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No. 277.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 ENCAPSULANTS

Shall conform to current USEPA requirements, shall contain no toxic or hazardous substances as defined in Legislative Decree 05.02.1997, No. 22 and Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, and shall conform to the following performance requirements.

2.1.1 Removal Encapsulants (For Use as a Wetting Agent)

Requirements

Flame Spread: 25, Smoke Emission: 50

Life Expectancy: 20 years

Permeability: Minimum 0.4 perms

2.1.2 Lock-down Encapsulant

Requirements

Flame Spread: 25, Smoke Emission: 50

Life Expectancy: 20 years

Permeability: Minimum 0.4 perms

Fire Resistance: Negligible affect on fire resistance rating over 3 hour test

(Tested with fireproofing over encapsulant applied directly to steel member)

Bond Strength: 1459 N of force/meter

(Tests compatibility with cementitious and fibrous fireproofing)

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EQUIPMENT

At all times, provide the Contracting Officer or the Contracting Officer's Representative, with at least two complete sets of personal protective equipment as required for entry to and inspection of the asbestos control area. Provide equivalent training to the Contracting Officer or a designated representative as provided to Contractor employees in the use of the required personal protective equipment. Provide manufacturer's certificate of compliance for all equipment used to contain airborne asbestos fibers.

3.1.1 Respirators

Select respirators from those approved by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Department of Health and Human Services.

3.1.1.1 Respirators for Handling Asbestos

Provide personnel engaged in pre-cleaning, cleanup, handling, encapsulation, removal and/or demolition of asbestos materials with respiratory protection as indicated in Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, and Legislative Decree 10.09.1994, No. 626.

3.1.2 Exterior Whole Body Protection

3.1.2.1 Outer Protective Clothing

Provide personnel exposed to asbestos with disposable "non-breathable," or reusable "non-breathable" whole body outer protective clothing, head coverings, gloves, and foot coverings. Provide disposable plastic or rubber gloves to protect hands.

Cloth gloves may be worn inside the plastic or rubber gloves for comfort, but shall not be used alone. Make sleeves secure at the wrists, make foot coverings secure at the ankles, and make clothing secure at the neck by the use of tape. Reusable whole body outer protective clothing shall be either disposed of as asbestos contaminated waste upon exiting from the asbestos regulated work area or be properly decontaminated.

3.1.2.2 Work Clothing

Provide cloth work clothes for wear under the outer protective clothing and foot coverings and either dispose of or properly decontaminate them as recommended by the PQP after each use.

3.1.2.3 Personal Decontamination Unit

Provide a temporary, negative pressure unit with a separate decontamination locker room and clean locker room with a shower that complies with Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, Para. 5a in between for personnel required to wear whole body protective clothing.

Provide two separate lockers for each asbestos worker, one in each locker room. Keep street clothing and street shoes in the clean locker. HEPA vacuum and remove asbestos contaminated disposable protective clothing while still wearing respirators at the boundary of the asbestos work area and seal in impermeable bags or containers for disposal. HEPA vacuum and remove asbestos contaminated reusable protective clothing while still wearing respirators at the boundary of the asbestos work area, seal in two impermeable bags, label outer bag as asbestos contaminated waste, and transport for decontamination. Do not wear work clothing between home and work. Locate showers between the decontamination locker room and the clean locker room and require that all employees shower before changing into street clothes. Collect used shower water and filter with approved water filtration equipment to remove asbestos contamination. Dispose of filters and residue as asbestos waste. Discharge clean water to the sanitary system. Dispose of asbestos contaminated work clothing as asbestos contaminated waste or properly decontaminate in accordance with Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, Para. 5a and as specified in the Contractor's Asbestos Hazard Abatement Plan. Decontamination units shall be physically attached to the asbestos control area. Build both a personnel decontamination unit and an equipment decontamination unit onto and integral with each asbestos control area. Decontamination units shall always demonstrate air movement from clean side to dirty side as achieved per procedures in paragraph "Local Exhaust System".

3.1.2.4 Eye Protection

Provide goggles to personnel engaged in asbestos abatement operations when the use of a full face respirator is not required.

3.1.3 Warning Signs and Labels

Provide bilingual warning signs printed in English and Italian at all approaches to asbestos control areas.

Locate signs at such a distance that personnel may read the sign and take the necessary protective steps required before entering the area. Provide labels and affix to all asbestos materials, scrap, waste, debris, and other products contaminated with asbestos.

3.1.3.1 Warning Sign

Provide vertical format conforming to Legislative Decree 15.08.1991, No. 277, Art. 27 minimum 500 by 355 mm, displaying the following legend in the lower panel:

Legend Notation

Danger 25 mm Sans Serif

Gothic or Block

Asbestos 25 mm Sans Serif

Cancer and Lung Disease Hazard 6 mm Sans Serif

Authorized Personnel Only 6 mm Gothic

Respirators and Protective 6 mm Gothic

Clothing are Required in this Area

Spacing between lines shall be at least equal to the height of the upper of any two lines.

3.1.3.2 Warning Labels

Provide labels conforming to Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994 of sufficient size to be clearly legible, displaying the following legend:

DANGER

CONTAINS ASBESTOS FIBERS

AVOID CREATING DUST

CANCER AND LUNG DISEASE HAZARD

BREATHING ASBESTOS DUST MAY

CAUSE SERIOUS BODILY HARM

3.1.4 Local Exhaust System

Provide a local exhaust system in the asbestos control area in accordance with Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994 that will provide at least four air changes per hour inside of the negative pressure enclosure.

Local exhaust equipment shall be operated 24 hours per day, until the asbestos control area is removed and shall be leak proof to the filter and equipped with HEPA filters. Maintain a minimum pressure differential in the control area of minus 0.51 mm of water column relative to adjacent, unsealed areas.

Provide continuous 24-hour per day monitoring of the pressure differential with a pressure differential automatic recording instrument. In no case shall the building ventilation system be used as the local exhaust system for the asbestos control area.

3.1.5 Tools

Vacuums shall be leak proof to the filter and equipped with HEPA filters.

Filters on vacuums shall conform to Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, Para. 5a. Do not use power tools to remove asbestos containing materials unless the tool is equipped with effective, integral HEPA filtered exhaust ventilation systems. Remove all residual asbestos from reusable tools prior to storage or reuse.

3.1.6 Rental Equipment

If rental equipment is to be used, furnish written notification to the rental agency concerning the intended use of the equipment and the possibility of asbestos contamination of the equipment.

3.1.7 Glovebags

Submit written manufacturers proof that glovebags will not break down under expected temperatures and conditions.

3.2 WORK PROCEDURE

Perform asbestos related work in accordance with Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994, Legislative Decree 14.08.1996, No. 494, Law 27.03.1992, No. 257 and as specified herein. Use wet removal procedures for interior work and exterior work procedures as specified in the "Asbestos Hazard Abatement Plan" and negative pressure enclosure techniques. Personnel shall wear and utilize protective clothing and equipment as specified herein. Eating, smoking, drinking, chewing gum, tobacco, or applying cosmetics shall not be permitted in the asbestos work or control areas. Personnel of other trades not engaged in the removal and demolition of asbestos containing material shall not be exposed at any time to airborne concentrations of asbestos unless all the personnel protection and training provisions of this specification are complied with by the trade personnel. Shut down the building heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system, cap the openings to the system, prior to the commencement of asbestos work. Disconnect electrical service when wet removal is performed and provide temporary electrical service with verifiable ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) protection prior to the use of any water. If an asbestos fiber release or spill occurs outside of the asbestos control area, stop work immediately, correct the condition to the satisfaction of the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative including clearance sampling, prior to resumption of work.

3.2.1 Protection of Existing Work to Remain

Perform work without damage or contamination of adjacent work. Where such work is damaged or contaminated as verified by the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative using visual inspection or sample analysis, it shall be restored to its original condition or decontaminated by the Contractor at no expense to the Government as deemed appropriate by the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative. This includes inadvertent spill of dirt, dust, or debris in which it is reasonable to conclude that asbestos may exist. When these spills occur, stop work immediately. Then clean up the spill. When satisfactory visual inspection and air sampling results are obtained from the PQP work may proceed at the discretion of the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative.

3.2.2 Furnishings

Furniture and equipment will be removed from the area of work by the Government before asbestos work begins.

3.2.3 Precleaning

Wet wipe and HEPA vacuum all surfaces potentially contaminated with asbestos prior to establishment of an enclosure.

3.2.4 Asbestos Control Area Requirements

3.2.4.1 Negative Pressure Enclosure

Block and seal openings in areas where the release of airborne asbestos fibers can be expected. Establish an asbestos negative pressure enclosure with the use of curtains, portable partitions, or other enclosures in order to prevent the escape of asbestos fibers from the contaminated asbestos work area. Negative pressure enclosure development shall include protective covering of uncontaminated walls, and ceilings with a continuous membrane of two layers of minimum 0.15 mm plastic sheet sealed with tape to prevent water or other damage. Provide two layers of 0.15 mm plastic sheet over floors and extend a minimum of 300 mm up walls. Seal all joints with tape. Provide local exhaust system in the asbestos control area. Openings will be allowed in enclosures of asbestos control areas for personnel and equipment entry and exit, the supply and exhaust of air for the local exhaust system and the removal of properly containerized asbestos containing materials. Replace local exhaust system filters as required to maintain the efficiency of the system.

3.2.4.2 Glovebag

Where the construction of a negative pressure enclosure is infeasible, alternate techniques as indicated in Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994. Use of the wrap and cut method shall be permitted. Establish designated limits for the asbestos regulated area with the use of rope or other continuous barriers, and maintain all other requirements for asbestos control areas. The PQP shall conduct personal samples of each worker engaged in asbestos handling (removal, disposal, transport and other associated work) throughout the duration of the project.

If the quantity of airborne asbestos fibers monitored at the breathing zone of the workers at any time exceeds background or 0.01 fibers per cubic centimeter whichever is greater, stop work, evacuate personnel in adjacent areas or provide personnel with approved protective equipment at the discretion of the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative. This sampling may be duplicated by the Government at the discretion of the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative. If the air sampling results obtained by the Government differ from those obtained by the Contractor, the Government will determine which results predominate. If adjacent areas are contaminated as determined by the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative, clean the contaminated areas, monitor, and visually inspect the area as specified herein.

3.2.5 Removal Procedures

Wet asbestos material with a fine spray of amended water during removal, cutting, or other handling so as to reduce the emission of airborne fibers. Remove material and immediately place in 0.15 mm plastic disposal bags. Remove asbestos containing material in a gradual manner, with continuous application of the amended water or wetting agent in such a manner that no asbestos material is disturbed prior to being adequately wetted. Where unusual circumstances prohibit the use of 0.15 mm plastic bags, submit an alternate proposal for containment of asbestos fibers to the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative for approval. Asbestos containing material shall be containerized while wet.

At no time shall asbestos material be allowed to accumulate or become dry. Lower and otherwise handle asbestos containing material as indicated in Law 27.03.1992, No. 257, Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994 and Legislative Decree 05.02.1997, No. 22.

3.2.5.1 Sealing Contaminated Items Designated for Disposal

Remove contaminated architectural, mechanical, and electrical appurtenances such as venetian blinds, full-height partitions, carpeting, duct work, pipes and fittings, radiators, light fixtures, conduit, panels, and other contaminated items designated for removal by completely coating the items with an asbestos lock-down encapsulant at the demolition site before removing the items from the asbestos control area. These items need not be vacuumed. The asbestos lock-down encapsulant shall be tinted a contrasting color. It shall be spray-applied by airless method. Thoroughness of sealing operation shall be visually gauged by the extent of colored coating on exposed surfaces. Lock-down encapsulants shall comply with the performance requirements specified herein.

3.2.6 Air Sampling

Sampling of airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers shall be performed in accordance with Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994 and as specified herein.

Sampling shall be performed by the PQP. Unless otherwise specified, use NIOSH Method 7400 for sampling and analysis.

Monitoring may be duplicated by the Government at the discretion of the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative.

If the air sampling results obtained by the Government differ from those results obtained by the Contractor, the Government will determine which results predominate.

3.2.6.1 Sampling Prior to Asbestos Work

Provide area air sampling and establish the baseline one day prior to the masking and sealing operations for each removal site. Establish the background by performing area sampling in similar but uncontaminated sites in the building.

3.2.6.2 Sampling During Asbestos Work

The PQP shall provide personal and area sampling as indicated in Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994 and governing environmental regulations. In addition, provided the same type of work is being performed, provide area sampling at least once every work shift close to the work inside the enclosure, outside the clean room entrance to the enclosure, and at the exhaust opening of the local exhaust system. If sampling outside the enclosure shows airborne levels have exceeded background or 0.01 fibers per cubic centimeter, whichever is greater, stop all work, correct the condition(s) causing the increase, and notify the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative immediately. Where alternate methods are used, perform personal and area air sampling at locations and frequencies that will accurately characterize the evolving airborne asbestos levels.

3.2.6.3 Sampling After Final Clean-Up (Clearance Sampling)

Provide area sampling of asbestos fibers using aggressive air sampling techniques as defined in the Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994 and establish an airborne asbestos concentration of less than 0.01 fibers per cubic centimeter after final clean-up but before removal of the enclosure or the asbestos work control area. After final cleanup and the asbestos control area is dry but prior to clearance sampling, the PQP shall perform a visual inspection in accordance with Law 27.03.1992, No. 257, and Ministerial Decree 06.09.1994 to ensure that the asbestos control and work area is free of any accumulations of dirt, dust, or debris. Prepare a written report signed and dated by the PQP documenting that the asbestos control area is free of dust, dirt, and debris and all waste has been removed. The report shall be submitted to the Azienda Sanitaria Locale. The A.S.L. shall approve the report and will authorize the return of the area to the users, prior the demobilization of the work site. Perform at least 4 samples. Use transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to analyze clearance samples and report the results in accordance with current NIOSH criteria. The asbestos fiber counts from these samples shall be less than 70 structures per square millimeter or not be greater than the background, whichever is greater. Should any of the final samples indicate a higher value, the Contractor shall take appropriate actions to re-clean the area and shall repeat the sampling and TEM analysis at the Contractor's expense.

3.2.7 Lock-Down

Prior to removal of plastic barriers and after pre-clearance clean up of gross contamination, the PQP shall conduct a visual inspection of all areas affected by the removal in accordance with Law 27.03.1992, No. 257. Inspect for any visible fibers. A post removal (lock-down) encapsulant shall then be spray applied to ceiling, walls, floors and other areas exposed in the removal area. The exposed area shall include but not be limited to plastic barriers, furnishings and articles to be discarded as well as dirty change room, air locks for bag removal and decontamination chambers.

3.2.8 Site Inspection

While performing asbestos engineering control work, the Contractor shall be subject to on-site inspection by the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative who may be assisted by or represented by safety or industrial hygiene personnel. If the work is found to be in violation of this specification, the Contracting Officer or his representative will issue a stop work order to be in effect immediately and until the violation is resolved. All related costs including standby time required to resolve the violation shall be at the Contractor's expense.

3.3 CLEAN-UP AND DISPOSAL

3.3.1 Housekeeping

Essential parts of asbestos dust control are housekeeping and clean-up procedures. Maintain surfaces of the asbestos control area free of accumulations of asbestos fibers.

Give meticulous attention to restricting the spread of dust and debris; keep waste from being distributed over the general area. Use HEPA filtered vacuum cleaners. DO NOT BLOW DOWN THE SPACE WITH COMPRESSED AIR. When asbestos removal is complete, all asbestos waste is removed from the work-site, and final clean-up is completed, the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative will attest that the area is safe before the signs can be removed. The Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative will visually inspect all surfaces within the enclosure for residual material or accumulated dust or debris. The Contractor shall re-clean all areas showing dust or residual materials. If re-cleaning is required, air sample and establish an acceptable asbestos airborne concentration after re-cleaning. The Contracting Officer must agree that the area is safe in writing before unrestricted entry will be permitted. The Government shall have the option to perform monitoring to determine if the areas are safe before entry is permitted.

3.3.2 Title to Materials

All waste materials, except as specified otherwise, shall become the property of the Contractor and shall be disposed of as specified in applicable local, State, and Federal regulations and herein.

3.3.3 Disposal of Asbestos

3.3.3.1 Procedure for Disposal

When disposing of asbestos waste, installations will adequately wet all ACM waste and seal it in a double container: a polyethylene bag with adequate strength (more than 0.15 mm thick) placed inside a second bag or a rigid container. Sharp-edged materials must be packed separately. Bags will not be filled over 2/3 of their capacity and must not exceed 30 kg of total weight. Excess air should be extracted. Bags should be heat-sealed with a double tie. All containers must be labeled to indicated the presence of asbestos. Containers will be labeled in English and Italian. The label must contain the following text:

WARNING: CONTAINS ASBESTOS.

Breathing dust is dangerous to health.

Follow safety instructions.

PERICOLO: CONTIENE AMIANTO.

L'inalazione di fibre e` dannosa alla salute.

Seguire le istruzioni di sicurezza.

If the ACM waste contains crocidolite, the word "contains asbestos" must be replaced by "contains crocidolite/blue asbestos - contiene crocidolite/amianto blu".

The label must be at least 5 cm high and 2.5 cm wide and must have a large white "a" on a black background above the text (which is printed against a red background).

ACM is dangerous waste. In-country disposal if ACM must be conducted by authorized companies registered in the National Waste Managing Company Register.

In addition, in-country disposal of ACM must be in Type IIB landfills if the asbestos fibers or dust concentration is less than 10,000 mg/kg, or in Type IIC landfills if asbestos concentrations exceed that level.

Permanent records documenting the disposal action and site will be maintained.

Procedure for hauling and disposal shall comply with Legislative Decree 05.02.1997, No. 22, State, regional, and local standards. Sealed plastic bags may be dumped from drums into the burial site unless the bags have been broken or damaged. Damaged bags shall remain in the drum and the entire contaminated drum shall be buried.

Uncontaminated drums may be recycled. Workers unloading the sealed drums shall wear appropriate respirators and personal protective equipment when handling asbestos materials at the disposal site.

3.3.3.2 Asbestos Disposal Quantity Report

Direct the PQP to record and report, to the Contracting Officer, the amount of asbestos containing material removed and released for disposal.

Deliver the report for the previous day at the beginning of each day shift with amounts of material removed during the previous day reported in linear meters or square meters as described initially in this specification and in cubic meters for the amount of asbestos containing material released for disposal.

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Section 13281

Section 13281