AFI 34-110.pdf

BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY

OF THE AIR FORCE

AIR FORCE INSTRUCTION 34-110

6 JANUARY 2012

Services

AIR FORCE OUTDOOR RECREATION

PROGRAMS AND PROCEDURES

COMPLIANCE WITH THIS PUBLICATION IS MANDATORY

ACCESSIBILITY: Publications and forms are available for downloading or ordering on the e-

Publishing website at http://www.e-Publishing.af.mil

RELEASABILITY: There are no releasibility restrictions on this publication

OPR: AFSVA/SVPCR

Supersedes: AFI 34-110, 22 July 1994

Certified by: AF/A1S

(Brigadier General Eden J. Murrie)

Pages: 42

This Air Force Instruction (AFI) implements Air Force Policy Directive (AFPD) 34-1, Air Force

Services Combat Support Programs, and provides guidance for managing Air Force outdoor recreation facilities and programs. This publication is only applicable to the Air National Guard upon mobilization. This publication may be supplemented at any level, but all supplements must be routed to the Office of Primary Responsibility (OPR) of this publication for coordination prior to certification and approval. Refer recommended changes and questions about this publication to the OPR using Air Force (AF) Form 847, Recommendation for Change of Publication; route

AF Form 847s from the field through the appropriate functional’s chain of command. Ensure all records created as a result of processes prescribed in this publication are maintained in accordance with Air Force Manual (AFMAN) 33-363, Management of Records, and disposed of in accordance with the Air Force Records Disposition Schedule (RDS) located at https://www.my.af.mil/afrims/afrims/afrims/rims.cfm. This publication directs collecting and maintaining information subject to the Privacy Act of 1974 authorized by Title 10 United States

Code (USC) Section 8013.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

This revision has been completely revised and includes expanded program guidance, objectives, responsibilities and procedures for all installation-level outdoor recreation programs to include swimming pools, aquatic activities, and equipment loan and rental operations. This instruction adds Attachment 1, Glossary of References and Supporting Information; Attachment 2, Activity-

Specific Training/Certification Standards; Attachment 3, Outdoor Recreation Program Planning

Matrix; and Attachment 4, Core Customer Use Equipment Standards.

http://www.e-publishing.af.mil/ https://www.my.af.mil/afrims/afrims/afrims/rims.cfm

2 AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012

Chapter 1—OBJECTIVES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 4

1.1. Program:

1.2. Program Eligibility

1.3. Essential Program Components

1.4. Core Activities

1.5. Annual Program Standards

Figure 1.1. Annual Program Standard Requirements

1.6. Outdoor Recreation Personnel

1.7. Roles and Responsibilities

1.8. Roles and Relationships With Other Organizations

Chapter 2—PROGRAM PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT. 10

2.1. Program development

2.2. A base’s ODR program

2.3. To support the program's vision and a strong referral system

2.4. Evaluate available staffing, equipment, transportation resources, financial objectives 10

2.5. Establish long-term program goals in a 5-year plan

2.6. Publish and distribute a quarterly or seasonal schedule

2.7. Program Categories and Funding

2.8. Environmental Safeguards

2.9. Participation Records/After Action Reports

2.10. Alcoholic Beverages

2.11. Serious Incident Reporting for Services Activities

2.12. To report incidents described in paragraph 2.11.1

2.13. Within 24 hours of the initial notification

2.14. Questions concerning serious incident reporting a

2.15. Bloodborne Pathogen (BBP) Standard Compliance

2.16. Outings and Off-Base Trips

Chapter 3—INDIVIDUAL PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS 14

3.1. Playgrounds

3.2. Outdoor Adventure Activities

3.3. Scuba Diving

3.4. Swimming and Aquatics

3.5. Off-Base Recreation Areas

AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012 3

3.6. Service and Resale Operations

3.7. Skeet and Trap Ranges

3.8. Riding Stables

3.9. Snow Ski Areas

3.10. Food and Beverage Operations

3.11. Recreational Lodging

3.12. Campgrounds

3.13. Marinas

3.14. Parachuting

3.15. Equipment Loan and Rental Operations

3.16. Recreational Vehicle (RV) Storage

3.17. Paintball

3.18. Ropes Courses and Climbing Walls

3.19. Skate and Bike Parks

Attachment 1—GLOSSARY OF REFERENCES AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION 32

Attachment 2—ACTIVITY-SPECIFIC TRAINING/CERTIFICATION STANDARDS 36

Attachment 3—OUTDOOR RECREATION PROGRAM PLANNING MATRIX 39

Attachment 4—CORE CUSTOMER USE EQUIPMENT STANDARDS 41

4 AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012

Chapter 1

OBJECTIVES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

1.1. Program: Outdoor recreation (ODR) supports mission readiness through expertly managed programs and facilities delivering family and individual well-being, unit cohesion, and fitness.

The five program objectives incorporated a customer progression model:

1.1.1. Serve as a mission support and quality of life asset for commanders.

1.1.2. Introduce the diversity, values, and benefits of outdoor recreation activities.

1.1.3. Teach appropriate attitudes, behaviors, and skills for these activities.

1.1.4. Organize and lead safe and satisfying outings, activities, and programs.

1.1.5. Provide information, referrals, equipment, recreation areas, and facilities for individuals and groups interested in outdoor recreation.

1.2. Program Eligibility. See AFI 34-262, Services Programs and Use Eligibility. ODR facilities and programs must be accessible and inclusive for customers with disabilities IAW

Section 504 of the U.S. Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and DOD Directive 1020.1, Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Handicap in Programs and Activities Assisted or Conducted by the DoD.

1.3. Essential Program Components. A comprehensive ODR program includes six basic components. They include:

1.3.1. Organized Activities. The ability of the program to achieve its mission is primarily linked to Air Force personnel and their families participating in offered ODR activities.

ODR programs will offer the following four types of organized activities:

1.3.1.1. Awareness, Interest, and Entertainment. These are designed to stimulate market demand and communicate the diversity of available ODR activities. Examples include films, speakers, travelogues, exhibitions, etc.

1.3.1.2. Instructional. These are specifically designed to transfer knowledge or develop skills through demonstrations, videos, computer-based individual instruction, or group classes.

1.3.1.3. Mainstream Outdoor Recreation. These include popular activities, such as camping, bicycling, skiing, swimming, and fishing, and form the foundation of the ODR program.

1.3.1.4. Outdoor Adventure. These specialized activities (e.g., white water rafting, scuba diving, rappelling, and rock climbing) carry a higher ―perceived risk,‖ (i.e., how dangerous someone unfamiliar with the appropriate techniques and safety practices would consider an activity.)

1.3.2. Referral Systems. It is not possible to directly provide all possible programs and services ―in-house.‖ The ODR program will establish a referral system that addresses the following four categories:

AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012 5

1.3.2.1. Information. An area in the ODR facility will be established as a browsing area and stocked with how-to books, instructional and safety videos, and a variety of ODR magazines.

1.3.2.2. Interest Groups. Refer customers to individuals, local groups, or national organizations sharing their interests. A bulletin board will be available for posting information on local club activities and individuals planning self-directed outings.

1.3.2.3. Locations and Destinations. Customers, particularly ones new to the area, need help finding items of interest in the local area. ODRs will offer guidebooks, maps, and brochures.

1.3.2.4. External Suppliers of Programs, Services, or Equipment. If ODRs do not offer a program or service, be prepared to provide the customer with information on who may.

This includes mail order and internet-based equipment retailers.

1.3.3. Equipment Support. Specialized items such as kayaks, climbing ropes, or rescue gear may be reserved for internal program use only. Generalized ODR items such as sleeping bags, tents, fishing boats, and coolers support both internal programs and self-directed customer use. Paragraph 3.15 provides detailed guidance on equipment loan and rental operations.

1.3.4. Customer Services. Customer services such as ski tuning, bike repair, or lawnmower tune-ups fill customer needs and create a potential revenue source. Paragraph 3.6.1 provides additional guidance on customer services.

1.3.5. Resale Operations. Resale operations must be designed to enhance the customer’s

ODR experiences, complement the programs and equipment offered, and increase ODR participation. Paragraph 3.6.2 outlines different approaches to providing resale operations.

1.3.6. Facilities and Recreation Areas. The exact mix of facilities and recreation areas should be based on market demand and existing local resources. There are three core facilities:

1.3.6.1. Outdoor recreation and equipment center

1.3.6.2. Aquatics facility/swimming pool

1.3.6.3. On-base park(s) with playgrounds and picnic areas.

1.3.7. For specific information on facility requirements and design criteria, consult United

Facilities Criteria (UFC) 4-740-03, Unified Facilities Criteria Documents for Outdoor

Recreation, and UFC 4-750-07F, Unified Facilities Criteria Documents for Aquatic

Facilities. ODR typically operates a variety of other facilities, including but not limited to:

natural swimming areas and beaches; recreational trails; off-base recreation areas; skeet, trap, and archery ranges; paintball fields; recreational vehicle (FAMCAMPs) and tent camping areas; recreational lodging facilities; marinas; ski areas; horse stables, pastures, and equestrian facilities; recreational vehicle storage lots; challenge/rope courses; and artificial climbing walls.

1.4. Core Activities. Core activities provide mission support by fostering family and individual well-being, unit and community cohesion, and physical fitness. They also ensure some consistency in program opportunities across the Air Force. The Air Force ODR core activities

6 AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012

include camping, canoeing, bicycling, fishing, walking/hiking, snow skiing/boarding, picnicking, squadron outings, swimming, and nature/wildlife appreciation. Support for these activities is to be provided at every installation where it is geographically appropriate. If a suitable setting for the activity is available nearby or within a couple hours drive, then the activity should be supported.

1.5. Annual Program Standards. The ODR program will provide, at a minimum, the following number of activities shown in Figure 1.1 Use the Outdoor Recreation Program

Planning Matrix in Attachment 3 when developing the annual program plan.

Figure 1.1. Annual Program Standard Requirements

Category Required per year

Fitness 2

Whole Family (accompanied tours) 2

Couples (accompanied tours) 1

Unit Cohesion 2

Community Cohesion 1

Awareness, Education, Entertainment 2

Instructional Classes 4

Joint program with another Force Support activity

Outing/Off-Base Trip 4

1.6. Outdoor Recreation Personnel. The key to high-quality, safe, and successful programs is an enthusiastic, knowledgeable, well-trained, and motivated staff.

1.6.1. When programs require overnight or distant travel, place staff on temporary duty

(TDY) orders in accordance with (IAW) AFI 65-103, Temporary Duty Orders. When employees are in a TDY status and pay for their own meals and or lodging, they are entitled to per diem rates for those expenditures. See AFI 65-103 for details. Establish a local operating instruction (OI) covering duty schedules, TDY orders, and compensatory time policies. Additional OIs are developed and implemented for local programs and facilities

IAW AFI 33-360, Publications and Forms Management.

1.6.2. Program personnel must maintain certification in standard first aid and child and adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Exceptions to the certification requirements for administrative personnel should be coordinated with the installation safety office. Advanced first aid training for trip leaders and remote off-base recreation area personnel is strongly encouraged. Staff overseeing the aquatics program should complete the Aquatics Facility

Operator certification program provided by the National Recreation and Park Association.

1.6.3. Activity-specific training/certification standards (Attachment 2) apply to the activity leader(s) or, in the case of programs like whitewater rafting, all key program staff including volunteers. The manager must maintain a working knowledge of current industry practices as they apply to specific activities. This is best accomplished through an active professional development program including training, education, reading, and practical experience and attendance at national conferences relating to ODR programs, facilities, and management practices.

AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012 7

1.6.4. Provide staff members and volunteers time to read all operating instructions (OIs) relating to their jobs when they start work. Supervisors document employee’s AF Form 55, Employee Safety and Health Record, authorized versions, or an equivalent computer generated product that is a true, reproducible, and historically accurate facsimile. Document dates of initial and, as required, refresher training.

1.6.5. All staff will be identified as ODR personnel by wearing the Air Force approved outdoor recreation logo. The logo can be displayed as a patch, pin, nametag, embroidered or screen print on clothing, or as a stencil or decal on helmets and life jackets. Copies of the outdoor recreation program logo artwork are available from AFSVA at https://mil.afsv.net/MKT/Logo_ODR.htm.

1.6.6. Customer convenience drives facility and staff schedules. Recreation professionals must expect to work when customers have free time such as weekends, holidays, and school breaks. The outdoor recreation and equipment center will normally be open on weekends and after normal duty hours on weekdays. If the budget requires reduced hours, consider cutting midweek hours.

1.7. Roles and Responsibilities.

1.7.1. Air Force Services (AF/A1S):

1.7.1.1. Establishes and monitors outdoor recreation program policy.

1.7.1.2. Acts on requests for waivers to established policies.

1.7.2. Air Force Services Agency (AFSVA):

1.7.2.1. Publishes and disseminates technical guidelines.

1.7.2.2. Conducts staff assistance visits of outdoor recreation programs and trains activity managers.

1.7.2.3. Reviews major construction and renovation projects.

1.7.2.4. Establishes guidelines for outdoor recreation core and special programs.

1.7.2.5. Conducts centrally managed, Air Force-wide program initiatives.

1.7.3. The Base Civil Engineer (CE):

1.7.3.1. Develops the base’s natural resource plans.

1.7.3.2. Performs required facility and grounds maintenance.

1.7.3.3. Works with the activity manager to ensure ODR requirements are covered in all grounds maintenance contracts.

1.7.3.4. Budgets for construction of Category A facilities (including trails), and provides materials for authorized self-help projects.

1.7.3.5. Obtains leases for off-base recreation areas.

1.7.3.6. Maintains pump, filter, and chlorinating systems for swimming pools.

1.7.3.7. Maintains water and sewage systems.

1.7.3.8. Performs environmental safeguard compliance inspections.

https://mil.afsv.net/MKT/Logo_ODR.htm

8 AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012

1.7.3.9. Manages the base’s fish, wildlife, timber, grazing, and agricultural resources.

1.7.3.10. Administers all funds collected from the sale of on-base hunting and fishing permits and other base resource licensing or leasing. (These funds can be used to develop

ODR resources in accordance with AFI 327064, Integrated Natural Resources

Management).

1.7.4. The Base Safety Office:

1.7.4.1. Ensures Operating Instructions (OIs) adequately address safety concerns and offers operational risk management consultation.

1.7.4.2. Verifies personnel properly secure and store firearms and ammunition.

1.7.4.3. Verifies firing range practices meet ground safety requirements.

1.7.4.4. Performs safety inspections of ODR facilities, installed equipment, and outdoor recreational areas.

1.7.5. Outdoor Recreation Manager. The manager has overall responsibility for developing and managing a comprehensive ODR program. The ODR manager and assistant manager, if applicable, should have college-level training or the equivalent plus two years of experience in planning, implementing, and evaluating ODR activities.

1.7.5.1. Plans and implements a comprehensive program incorporating all six program elements.

1.7.5.2. Compiles and maintains a complete inventory of local natural resources.

1.7.5.3. Establishes safety and risk-management plans.

1.7.5.4. Works with the base legal office to develop liability waiver forms, hold-harmless agreements, and assumption-of-risk forms.

1.7.5.5. Creates and administers Appropriated Fund (APF) and Nonappropriated Fund

(NAF) budgets based on documented short- and long-range plans.

1.7.5.6. Develops and updates local operating instructions (OIs) annually to standardize program procedures and safety and risk-management plans and coordinates OIs with appropriate Force Support Squadron (FSS), safety, and legal offices.

1.7.5.7. Manages program personnel in accordance with Air Force policies. Ensures required training standards are met and programs have properly qualified, certified, and trained staff members and volunteers.

1.7.5.8. Helps the Civil Engineer develop the ODR portion of the installation natural resources plan.

1.7.5.9. Acquires, accounts for, and maintains appropriate stock levels of high-quality

ODR equipment for program and customer use.

1.7.5.10. Establishes professional contacts with local resource management agencies, commercial providers of ODR services, and appropriate ODR associations to keep with current industry trends and standards.

1.8. Roles and Relationships With Other Organizations.

AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012 9

1.8.1. On-Base Clubs and Other Recreational Organizations. Clubs expand the range of activities, enhance opportunities for cooperative programming, and improve cross marketing.

Recreational membership clubs are established under Force Support supervision and their assets are accounted for and controlled IAW AFI 34-121, Other Recreation Membership

Clubs Programs. Recreational membership clubs are Category C activities and must be supported with NAFs. Recreational clubs (e.g., shooting, scuba, equestrian) must comply with the same operational requirements listed in this AFI along with guidance in AFI 34-121.

The installation commander approves other organizations, such as the Boy and Girl Scouts, and they manage their own resources; see AFI 34-223, Private Organizations (PO) Program.

Private Organizations are not supported by NAFs and must raise and be supported by their own funds.

1.8.2. Governmental Agencies. Federal, State, and other governmental agencies often manage and control access to natural resource areas used by ODR programs. They include

Coast Guard, National Park Service, Forest Service, Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of

Land Management, Army Corps of Engineers, state department of natural resources or parks and wildlife, area water management agencies, municipal recreation and parks departments, etc. Their personnel have expertise which can be used to develop cooperative programs.

Consider organizing volunteer service projects, such as habitat improvement or trail construction, to assist these agencies.

1.8.2.1. Professional Associations. Professional and industry associations are the best source for technical information on managing ODR activities. They provide training and certification for many outdoor activities. Local and state associations, like guides and outfitters, often play a significant role in establishing regional program practices and may also influence natural resource access.

10 AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012

Chapter 2

PROGRAM PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT.

2.1. Program development must begin with a good foundation of market intelligence coupled with an assessment of existing resources. Assess market needs and interests through surveys, interviews, focus groups, comment cards, past participation data and trends, industry publications, and discussions with other ODR managers. The Force Support marketing specialist and AFSVA Marketing can provide assistance with Air Force data and other market assessment techniques.

2.2. A base’s ODR program is shaped by climate, geography, and available natural resources. The manager must compile an inventory of local natural resources and local ODR providers to identify the ―raw materials‖ available for program planning. Begin by identifying parks, rivers, lakes, mountains, ski areas, natural and wilderness areas, campgrounds, beaches, trails, caves, or other places suitable for ODR. Then identify clubs, public agencies, schools, or businesses providing ODR programs, services, or equipment. Use these inventories to identify potential program ideas, outing locations, and provide referral information to customers.

2.3. To support the program's vision and a strong referral system, develop an office resource collection of books, periodicals, maps, catalogs, etc. These materials can be used for program planning, scouting trips, staff training, instructional classes, and by customers. They should also focus on local natural resources, e.g., local and regional guidebooks. Be sure current information regarding your on and off-base recreation areas is available. Work with your base library to help build this office collection. At a minimum, it should contain at least 15 books, 5 magazine subscriptions, and 10 ODR equipment mail-order catalogs. Instructional videos/DVDs should also be incorporated into the collection based on your mix of programs and activities.

Plan to incorporate at least two new books and one new video/DVD to the reference collection annually.

2.4. Evaluate available staffing, equipment, transportation resources, financial objectives, and other management considerations prior to selecting the most appropriate way to deliver a program or service. These include:

2.4.1. Referral. Program staff must be prepared to answer customer’s questions about local

ODR opportunities. Stock up on maps and brochures and keep phone numbers available.

2.4.2. Self-directed. This approach simply provides the basic resources and leaves the rest up to the customer. Examples of this method include providing recreational equipment for checkout and developing recreation areas and facilities. There is a significant limitation to this approach given the increasing urbanization and recreation skills of our new customers. It assumes the customer is already interested in the activity and has the basic skills and knowledge to pursue it on their own.

2.4.3. Facilitation. Many customers have not had opportunities to develop ODR skills or are unaware of the many different activities available. The facilitation approach focuses on offering awareness, interest, entertainment programs, and conducting basic instructional classes.

AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012 11

2.4.4. Contract services. This approach makes sense when staff levels, staff skills, or lack of equipment prevents offering a popular activity. Depending on the circumstances, the ODR program can provide equipment and transportation but the contractor conducts the actual activity. Information on minimum liability insurance levels and other contract requirements is available from NAF contracting personnel in FSS Resource Management Office.

2.4.5. Cooperative programming. While similar to contract services, this method is more of a joint effort with another, generally non-commercial, organization. It is suitable when you may have adequate staff levels, knowledgeable staff, and equipment but require additional outside expertise or resources. Consider partnering with university ODR programs, local clubs, or other military installations. A written agreement is essential for establishing clear responsibilities for both partners.

2.4.6. Direct provision. The in-house approach can provide outstanding customer service, build strong customer loyalty, and may generate the best financial returns. It requires adequate staff levels, experienced and fully qualified personnel, and all the necessary equipment.

2.5. Establish long-term program goals in a 5-year plan that outlines the objectives and supporting rationale. The plan must identify the resources (manpower, training, equipment, facilities, etc.) needed to initiate new or expanded programs. Identify when tasks, such as training or equipment purchases, must be completed to support future program goals. Include furnishings, equipment, bulk supplies, and resale inventory. This plan should support and justify the 5-year NAF capital requirements budget.

2.6. Publish and distribute a quarterly or seasonal schedule with assistance from the Force

Support marketing specialist. Promote activities using a variety of methods like flyers, articles in the base paper, daily bulletins, FSS websites, social media, direct mail (requires customer permission), and commander’s calls. Communicate program benefits (e.g., fun, relaxation, excitement, meeting new people) using active language. Use the Air Force Outdoor Recreation

Logo to improve customer recognition and maintain a consistent image.

2.7. Program Categories and Funding. The categories and appropriated fund (APF) support goals for Force Support activities are described in AFI 65-106, Appropriated Fund Support of

Morale, Welfare, and Recreation Programs and Nonappropriated Fund Instrumentalities.

Before considering any APF procurement actions, the ODR manager is responsible for ensuring the item (e.g. equipment) is authorized APF purchase or maintenance support.

2.8. Environmental Safeguards. Work with the civil engineer and bioenvironmental offices to ensure facilities and maintenance practices comply with applicable environmental requirements.

Include all off-base recreation areas, FAMCAMPs, and Marinas. Use minimum impact camping, sanitation, and cooking practices on outings. Respect for the environment and careful stewardship of natural resources must be demonstrated in all program practices.

2.9. Participation Records/After Action Reports. As a minimum, records for each activity must include a descriptive program name, the date(s) of the program, number of participants, and program duration in hours or beginning and ending times. To simplify annual planning and budgeting, consider recording program expenses, required supplies and equipment, and income along with the participation data. Using a computerized system will simplify record keeping, enhance the collection or customer related information, and speed up reporting tasks. After

12 AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012

action reports should include customer feedback or suggestions, satisfaction ratings, and staff generated suggestions for improvements or changes.

2.10. Alcoholic Beverages. Alcohol is a primary contributing factor in many mishaps.

Program OIs must include a section addressing alcoholic beverages. See AFI 34-219, Alcoholic

Beverage Program, for other requirements and restrictions.

2.10.1. Staff will not consume or be under the influence of alcoholic beverages while on duty for the duration of an outing or activity. Participants should not consume alcoholic beverages preceding or during an activity.

2.10.2. The installation commander must approve the availability, sales, or consumption of alcoholic beverages at any Services operated facility. This may include recreation areas, base parks, and special events and parties. Sponsors of parties or group functions are accountable for the responsible behavior of their group. The sponsors must submit a letter of request, through the FSS commander, outlining their rules for serving and consuming alcoholic beverages at the party or function.

2.11. Serious Incident Reporting for Services Activities. In addition to any local reporting procedures and notification through the chain of command, FSS commanders or directors are to notify USAF/A1S simultaneously (within 1 hour if possible) of all serious incidents.

2.11.1. Incidents that must be reported include:

2.11.1.1. Any major property damage to Services assets (fire, natural disaster, major aero club aircraft or vehicle accident, etc.).

2.11.1.2. Any serious injury resulting in death or extended hospitalization of an employee or patron.

2.11.1.3. Any incident of a sensitive nature involving Services employees or assets.

Incidents involving lawsuits, with public affairs implications, or theft, etc. are examples of incidents that would be considered sensitive.

2.12. To report incidents described in paragraph 2.11.1. go to https://www.usafservices.com/sir/sir.aspx, click on your MAJCOM, complete the incident information form and click send. An e-mail notification will be sent to incidentreporting@pentagon.af.mil as well as your appropriate MAJCOM representatives, AF/A1S, AF/A1S2, AFSVA/CC and AFSVA/CD.

2.13. Within 24 hours of the initial notification, submit any new information by completing and submitting another incident information form. Continue providing updates at 24 hour intervals until requested to stop.

2.14. Questions concerning serious incident reporting and these procedures should be directed to AF/A1S, DSN 620-8598.

2.15. Bloodborne Pathogen (BBP) Standard Compliance. The Air Force Services community is required to comply with 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910.1030, Federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Bloodborne Pathogens

Standard. The complete standard can be found on the OSHA website at http://www.osha.gov.

OSHA has issued a related directive; CPL 02-02-069, Enforcement Procedures for the http://www.osha.gov/

AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012 13

Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens, which provides clarification and more details on complying with the BBP Standard. That directive can also be viewed on the OSHA website.

2.15.1. A key initial step is determining which employees are considered at risk of occupational exposure to BBPs. CPL 02-02-069, Section XIII. 3. c. states the following: ―If an employee is trained in first aid and identified by the employer as responsible for rendering medical assistance as part of his/her job duties, that employee is covered by the standard. See the citation policy for paragraph (f)(2) of the standard below regarding designated first aid providers, who administer first aid as a collateral duty to their routine work assignments. An employee who routinely provides first aid to fellow employees with the knowledge of the employer may also fall, de facto, under this designation even if the employer has not officially designated this employee as a first aid provider.”

2.15.2. Lifeguards and trip leaders are clearly trained and charged with providing first aid in the normal course of their duties and are thus covered by the BBP Standard. You must identify all employees within the ODR program, such as recreational lodging housekeepers, who are at risk of occupational exposure and covered by the BBP Standard.

2.15.3. The medical community, through AFI 44-108, Infection Control Program, has significant responsibilities for installation-wide efforts to prevent BBP infections and the

Services community must engage with them and coordinate efforts to meet the BBP

Standards. In addition to providing any Hepatitis B vaccinations, the local medical treatment facility is an ideal source of trainers for the required new employee and annual BBP refresher training. They may also provide help in developing the required Exposure Control Plan.

2.16. Outings and Off-Base Trips. For every off-base trip, the trip leader will file an itinerary, customer and staff roster, and emergency action plan with the ODR manager or community services flight chief. This ensures if bad weather, transportation problems, or mishap delay a trip’s return, key personnel have the information needed to initiate appropriate action. Pre-trip and departure briefings must address hazard awareness and applicable safety practices and equipment. Basic risk management requires that customers clearly understand what to expect, what hazards might be encountered, and what they should do to prepare or protect themselves.

Scouting trips are authorized and strongly encouraged for safety reasons. Ensure contractors have adequate safety plans and are prepared to handle potential mishaps or emergencies before contracts are signed. Coordinate safety plans with the installation safety office.

14 AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012

Chapter 3

INDIVIDUAL PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS

3.1. Playgrounds. This section applies only to playgrounds located at on-base and off-base recreation areas managed under the ODR program. If included in the Base Natural Resource

Plan (AFI 32-7064, Integrated Natural Resources Management), use of natural resource funds, controlled by the civil engineer, is authorized. Inspect playground structures and equipment weekly for safety and maintenance purposes. Coordinate the inspection checklist with ground safety. Submit a work order to base engineering to repair broken or hazardous equipment immediately and suspend use until repaired. New or renovated playgrounds will comply with safety and accessibility standards outlined in the U.S. Consumer Products Safety Commission's

(CPSC) Publication #325, Handbook for Public Playground Safety.

3.2. Outdoor Adventure Activities. Adventure programs, like whitewater rafting or mountain climbing, carry a higher level of risk. Offer these programs only under the supervision of fully qualified program leaders. While the overall program must be called ―outdoor recreation,‖ appropriate activities may be offered and marketed under the heading of outdoor adventure. The

FSS commander or director approves in writing, outdoor adventure program components. The

ODR manager retains the letter of approval on file. This ensures the chain of command recognizes and accepts increased responsibilities that go with adventure activities. These typically include additional staff training, higher equipment standards, higher staff to customer ratios, special first aid and safety equipment, etc. For established programs, the ODR manager prepares a letter for the FSS commander’s signature authorizing existing adventure activities to continue.

3.3. Scuba Diving. Scuba programs must be taught and led by highly trained and certified personnel. The following organizations are recognized for training and instructional programs:

International Diving Educators Association (IDEA), National Association of Scuba Diving

Schools (NASDS), National Association of Underwater Instructors (NAUI), Professional

Association of Diving Instructors (PADI), Professional Diving Instructors Corp (PDIC), Scuba

Schools International (SSI), and National Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) Scuba

Program and Scuba Diving International (SDI).

3.3.1. Divers certified by other recognized scuba organizations may also participate in scuba diving activities and refill air tanks at Air Force facilities: United States Navy, Los Angeles

Parks Department Underwater Unit, Multinational Diving Educators Association, Confederation Mondiale des Activities Subaquatiques, and others sanctioned by the World

Recreational Scuba Training Council (WRSTC).

3.3.2. The manager must prepare a scuba diving OI covering local check-out procedures, use and rental of equipment, dive boat rules, use of floats and flags, approved air sources, state or host country diving rules, special rules applicable to the local area, policies on repetitive dives, dive profiles, and safety rules. Safety rules must include the buddy system, emergency signals, minimum acceptable equipment, help and rescue rules, nearest medical facilities, nearest recompression chamber, and mishap reporting procedures. The OI should also address dive depth limits and multilevel dive planning. Divers must not exceed any depth limitations for the qualification levels established by their certification organization. Dive

AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012 15

leaders and equipment rental personnel must remind aircrew members not to fly for 24 hours after any scuba dive, regardless of depth. Scuba rental forms should include a section for the dive site location.

3.3.3. Scuba cylinders must be visually inspected annually and bear a label with month and year the inspection was performed. Cylinders must be hydrostatically tested at a Department of Transportation (DOT) certified facility in compliance with DOT rules. Tanks, valves, and regulators must be inspected, serviced, and repaired by a qualified and certified scuba technician. Scuba cylinders must be filled with compressed air only from a source that meets the Compressed Gas Association's (CGA) Grade E (American National Standard Institute

(ANSI)/CGA G7.1 '97) standard that covers recreational scuba air. The air source must be certified and tested every 6 months to ensure carbon dioxide is less than 1,000 parts per million (PPM); carbon monoxide is less than 10 PPM; hydrocarbons (as methane) are less than 25 PPM, and oil vapor is less than 5 mg/m3; and free of gross moisture, dust, or other foreign matter. Tanks used for enhanced air nitrox (EAN) diving (oxygen threshold >

23.5%) must be clearly labeled for only EAN use and be specifically cleaned and serviced to accommodate enriched oxygen mixes. Air Force facilities with properly trained and certified personnel and fill systems may offer only EAN32 (32% oxygen) and EAN36 (36% oxygen) mixes.

3.4. Swimming and Aquatics. This AFI applies to all Services managed pools, beaches, waterfronts, and aquatics programs. (See also AFOSHSTD 48-14, Swimming Pools, Spas and

Hot Tubs, and Bathing Areas.)

3.4.1. Swimming Pool Depth Requirements.

3.4.1.1. Diving Boards. Minimum water depth for a 1-meter diving board is 10 feet

(3.04m) for at least 16 feet (4.88m) out from the end of the board. Minimum water depth for a 3-meter diving board is 12 feet (3.66m) for at least 20 feet (6.1m) out from the end of the board. The boards must be lowered or removed if the water is too shallow.

3.4.1.2. Water Slides. Only feet first sliding is permitted. For water slides with a departure point <1 meter above the water, moderate speed and angle (<10%) of entry, the minimum water depth is 3 1/2 feet (1.07m) for at least 10 feet (3.05m) out from the end of the slide. For water slides with a departure point >1 meter above the water, high speed or angle (>10%) of entry, the minimum water depth is 5 feet (1.52m) for at least 15 feet

(4.57m) out from the end of the slide. If the slide manufacturer's recommended minimum water depth is greater than the depths listed above, use the manufacturer's recommendation. For slides with an integral deceleration/landing section, follow manufacturer recommendations.

3.4.2. Fences, Depth Markings, and Swimming Area Demarcations. Pools must be fenced to prevent anyone from accessing and accidentally falling into the pool when the facility is closed. Infant/toddler pools must be separated by a fence with a self-closing gate to prevent small children from wandering from their pool and gaining access to the main pool. The pool depth must be marked on the pool deck at least every 10 feet. Similar depth markings must be visible from inside the pool by marking the pool wall, gutter, deck coping edge, etc.

Markings on the fence or building walls are not acceptable. A clearly visible red or black line, at least 4 inches wide, must be marked on the pool bottom where the slope of the bottom

16 AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012

reaches the 5-foot depth point. A floating line is recommended during recreational swimming periods unless it interferes with lap swimming.

3.4.3. Minimum Lifeguard Levels for Pools and Actively Guarded Waterfront Areas. At least two lifeguards are required to be on duty and at their stations (chair stand or deck patrol) during open recreational swimming. When NAF lifeguards are used to staff pools, admission and use fees to cover part or all of the costs associated with such costs may be assessed. They must wear a distinctive uniform identifying them as lifeguards. Staff levels must accommodate lifeguard breaks or rotations. Lifeguards must be rotated off-station, or given a 10 minute break, every hour. Clearing the pool of swimmers to accommodate lifeguard breaks is authorized. The on-duty supervisor or lead lifeguard suspends swimming if electrical storms become a safety threat.

3.4.3.1. During adult lap swimming or adult instructional programs with less than 20 participants, at least one lifeguard is required to be on duty and at his or her station. If the instructor is also certified as a lifeguard, he or she satisfies the lifeguard requirement only by remaining out of the pool and located where supervision of the entire group is possible.

3.4.3.2. Swim team practices must be properly supervised by lifeguards. If the swim team can provide certified guards, they must be trained on local emergency response procedures the same as ODR staff lifeguards. Military water survival or similar training may be conducted in the pools without ODR staff lifeguards provided the individuals responsible for supervising the activity are trained on local emergency response procedures and military water survival/rescue.

3.4.4. When to Add Additional Lifeguards. Staff the pool or actively guarded waterfront with more lifeguards in the following circumstances:

3.4.4.1. The pool customer load exceeds the supervisory capacity of the minimum lifeguard requirement. The pool customer to lifeguard ratio must be maintained at, or below, 50 to 1. Heavily used diving boards or water slides may require more lifeguards even if the ratio is below 50 to 1. If beach or surf conditions warrant, bases should set a lower ratio.

3.4.4.2. The pool, beach, or waterfront characteristics require additional lifeguards for complete supervision. The shape of swimming and diving areas may create ―blind‖ spots prohibiting direct line-of-sight supervision. Add lifeguards until all areas are under direct line-of-sight supervision. The lifeguard’s field of view for direct line-of-site supervision must not exceed 180 degrees. The line-of-sight distance for pools must be less than 100 feet. Line-of-sight distance for beaches must be determined locally based on the size of the swimming area, water conditions, hazards, and available rescue methods.

3.4.4.3. If alcoholic beverages are present at pool parties, add additional lifeguards to reduce the customer-to-lifeguard ratio to 40 to 1 or less.

3.4.5. Lifeguard and Aquatic Instructor Certifications and Training. Lifeguards must have, and maintain throughout their employment, nationally recognized certifications in lifesaving and water rescue methods and skills, basic first aid, and child and adult CPR. Lifeguards on coastal beaches must also be specifically trained in surf rescue techniques.

AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012 17

3.4.5.1. All lifeguards must participate in at least 1 hour of in-service training during each 2-week period. In-service training includes activities designed to maintain physical conditioning and practice emergency response procedures. The 1 hour does not have to be a contiguous block of time. Rescue skills must be practiced regularly and not just once every 2 weeks. Using a ―lifeguard olympics‖ or ―quiz show‖ format may help keep the aquatics staff enthusiastic about in-service training. Include medical/rescue personnel in the emergency response drill at least quarterly or twice during the summer season.

Ensure lifeguards and other aquatic staff (swim instructors, coaches, etc.) are aware of the dangers of shallow water blackout and death related to breath holding, hyperventilation, and underwater swimming contests.

3.4.5.2. Aquatic instructors must have, and maintain throughout their employment, nationally recognized certification for the activities and skill levels they will teach. This applies to swimming and aquatic exercise instructors. Instructors who are qualified based on related training and experience may operate under the supervision of a certified instructor.

3.4.6. Unguarded Swimming Areas. While all swimming pools are required to have lifeguards; unguarded, ―swim-at-your-own-risk,‖ natural swimming areas are permitted.

These areas require approval from base safety, base legal, and the installation commander.

Prominent warning signs that no lifeguards are present must be posted. Telephones, which can be used to call for help, should be located near unguarded swimming areas whenever possible. These emergency telephones must be clearly marked for easy identification. The base newcomer’s orientations must include a warning about the inherent hazards of using the unguarded swimming areas.

3.4.7. Aquatic Equipment Standards. These standards are designed to help ensure every aquatic facility in the Air Force provides a quality customer experience and is fully equipped to handle accidents or emergencies.

3.4.7.1. Safety and Rescue Equipment.

3.4.7.1.1. Lifeguards must have a whistle, sunglasses, and hat which shades the face.

Lifeguard stands must be equipped with a shade which can be repositioned as the sun moves. Sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of at least 30 must be provided for all pool staff. These items help prevent sunburn, heat related illness, fatigue, eyestrain, and reduced vigilance.

3.4.7.1.2. All swimming pools and actively guarded beaches and waterfronts must have a first aid kit that includes rescue breathing masks/barriers and latex gloves to prevent transmission of disease. A standard first aid kit is acceptable and one kit is required per pool or waterfront. To reduce the potential exposure to BBPs, the mask/barrier must prevent direct contact during rescue breathing. Stock more than one mask/guard if multiple rescue breathing situations are possible. Consider individual lifeguard first aid/rescue-breathing packs if guards are stationed far from where the central first aid/rescue kit is located.

3.4.7.1.3. Biohazard spill kit. These kits are used to clean up blood or other potentially infectious material (OPIM) from pool decks or locker rooms. They

18 AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012

provide a safe way to disinfect, clean up, and dispose of OPIM. One kit is required per pool or waterfront.

3.4.7.1.4. Backboard with arm, torso, and leg straps and head/neck immobilization method. One board is required at each pool or waterfront where lifeguard or rescue services are provided. A head/neck immobilization system is required for each backboard. There are two basic systems available—semi-rigid cervical collars in multiple sizes or adjustable ―foam‖ blocks method. If collars are used, all sizes of the collars must be available and the rescue staff properly trained to use them.

3.4.7.1.5. Lifeguards use a variety of rescue aids depending on the situation and their training. For swimming pools, each lifeguard station must have a rescue tube/can.

All rescue aids must be located close to each lifeguard station so the lifeguard can employ them without losing sight of the individual in distress. Lifeguards patrolling the deck must carry a rescue tube/can. Though not suitable for each lifeguard station, a ring buoy, or rescue pole fitted with a shepherd’s crook or life hook are optional rescue aids permitted at the pool.

3.4.7.1.6. For actively guarded beach and waterfront areas, each lifeguard station must have a rescue tube/can or ring buoy. Lifeguards patrolling the dock must carry a rescue tube/can. Ring buoys must have at least 60 feet of line and a foot loop or

―lemon‖ to prevent overthrow and loss of buoy. If a dock encloses the swimming area, a rescue pole fitted with a shepherd’s crook or life hook may be considered.

3.4.7.1.7. Rescue boards or open-cockpit kayaks are required for each station on coastal beaches and for inland beaches if the area may require rescues more than 150 feet from shore. Rescue watercraft are authorized in Allowance Standard (AS) 410, part B, and will be purchased with APFs. Because they lack an external propeller, jet skis may be a good choice for some beaches. Even if a ―jet ski‖ is available for rescue purposes, a board or kayak is required for back up.

3.4.7.2. Facility and Aquatic Program Equipment.

3.4.7.2.1. Pool cover for heated pools. Insulated pool covers can reduce pool heating energy costs by 40-70%. They reduce chemical use and water evaporation for unheated pools as well. Contact the U.S. Department of Energy’s Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) program for more information on the benefits of pool covers. The EERE program’s page on pool covers is at http://www.eere.energy.gov/consumer/your_home/water_heating/.

3.4.7.2.2. Chaise lounge and chairs for outdoor or indoor pools with a suitable deck area. The number of these to stock depends on typical customer load and the size of the available deck or grass areas. A reasonable rule is 60% of daily peak customer load.

3.4.7.2.3. Kick boards. These should be available for free use by fitness or lap swimmers and for swim team practices. Thirty kick boards should be sufficient to supply lap swimmers, swim team members and swim lesson students, and accommodate special events.

http://www.eere.energy.gov/consumer/your_home/water_heating

AFI 34-110 6 JANUARY 2012 19

3.4.7.2.4. Pace/lap timer. Pools designated for fitness, lap, or competitive swimming will have at least one large, easy-to-read pace clock.

3.4.7.2.5. Lane lines. Pools designated for fitness, lap, or competitive swimming will have floating lane lines separating swim lanes. If the pool is used simultaneously for different activities, the lane lines should be removed from areas used by the other programs held during lap swim periods. Wave ―reducing‖ lane lines should be used during competitive swim events.

3.4.7.2.6. Backstroke flag lines and false start/recall lines. Pools designated for competitive swim programs will be equipped with permanent or removable backstroke flag and false start/recall lines at the appropriate…