UFGS_32_17_23-_PAVEMENT_MARKINGS.pdf

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 1

SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 32 - EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS

SECTION 32 17 23

PAVEMENT

MARKINGS 08/16

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 UNIT PRICES

1.1.1 Measurement

1.1.1.1 Surface Preparation

1.1.1.2 Pavement Striping and Markings

1.1.1.3 Raised Pavement Markers

1.1.1.4 Removal of Pavement Markings on Roads and Parking Areas

1.1.2 Payment

1.2 REFERENCES

1.3 SUBMITTALS

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.4.1 Regulatory Requirements

1.4.2 Qualifications

1.4.3 Qualifications For Airfield Marking Personnel

1.5 DELIVERY AND STORAGE

1.6 PROJECT/SITE CONDITIONS

1.6.1 Environmental Requirements

1.6.1.1 Weather Limitations for Application

1.6.1.2 Weather Limitations for Removal of Pavement Markings

on Roads and Parking Areas

1.6.2 Traffic Controls

1.6.3 Airfield Traffic Control

1.6.4 Airfield Radio Communication

1.6.5 Airfield Emergency Landing and Takeoff

1.6.6 Lighting

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 EQUIPMENT

2.1.1 Surface Preparation Equipment for Roads and Parking Areas

2.1.1.1 Sandblasting Equipment

2.1.1.2 Waterblasting Equipment

2.1.1.3 Shotblasting Equipment

2.1.1.4 Grinding or Scarifying Equipment

2.1.1.5 Chemical Removal Equipment

2.1.2 Application Equipment

2.1.2.1 Paint Application Equipment

2.1.2.1.1 Hand-Operated, Push-Type Machines

2.1.2.1.2 Self-Propelled or Mobile-Drawn Spraying Machines

2.1.2.1.2.1 Road Marking

2.1.2.1.2.2 Airfield Marking

2.1.2.1.2.3 Hand Application

2.1.2.2 Thermoplastic Application Equipment

2.1.2.2.1 Thermoplastic Material

2.1.2.2.2 Application Equipment

2.1.2.2.3 Mobile Application Equipment

2.1.2.2.4 Portable Application Equipment

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 2

2.1.2.3 Reflective Media Dispenser

2.1.2.4 Preformed Tape Application Equipment

2.2 MATERIALS

2.2.1 Waterborne Paint

2.2.2 Solventborne Paint

2.2.3 Methacrylate Paint

2.2.4 Formulation

2.2.5 Composition

2.2.6 Epoxide Value

2.2.7 Total Amine Value

2.2.8 Toxicity

2.2.9 Daylight Directional Reflectance

2.2.10 Laboratory Drying Time

2.2.11 Curing

2.2.12 Adhesion to Concrete

2.2.13 Hardness

2.2.14 Abrasion Resistance

2.2.15 Tensile Strength

2.2.16 Compressive Strength

2.2.17 Thermoplastic Compound

2.2.17.1 Composition Requirements

2.2.17.2 Primer

2.2.18 High Build Acrylic Coating (HBAC)

2.2.19 Preformed Tape

2.2.20 Raised Pavement Markers Primers and Adhesives

2.2.21 Reflective Media

2.2.21.1 Reflective Media for Airfields

2.2.21.2 Reflective Media for Roads

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

3.1.1 Testing for Moisture

3.1.2 Surface Preparation Demonstration

3.1.3 Test Stripe Demonstration

3.1.4 Application Rate Demonstration

3.1.5 Retroreflective Value Demonstration

3.1.6 Level of Performance Demonstration

3.2 EXTERIOR SURFACE PREPARATION

3.2.1 Early Painting of Rigid Pavements

3.2.2 Early Painting of Asphalt Pavements

3.3 APPLICATION

3.3.1 Paint

3.3.1.1 Waterborne Paint

3.3.1.1.1 Airfields

3.3.1.1.2 Roads

3.3.1.2 Solventborne Paint

3.3.1.3 Methacrylate Paint

3.3.1.4 Epoxy Paint

3.3.1.5 High Build Acrylic Coating

3.3.2 Thermoplastic Compound

3.3.2.1 Primer

3.3.2.2 Reflective Media

3.3.3 Raised Pavement Markers

3.3.4 Preformed Tape

3.3.5 Cleanup and Waste Disposal

3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

3.4.1 Sampling and Testing

3.4.2 Material Inspection

3.4.3 Dimensional Tolerances

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 3

3.4.4 Bond Failure Verification

3.4.5 Reflective Media and Coating Application Verification

3.4.6 Retroreflective Markings

3.4.7 Material Bond Verification and Operations Area Cleanup for

Airfields

-- End of Section Table of Contents --

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 5

SECTION 32 17 23

PAVEMENT MARKINGS

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 UNIT PRICES

1.1.1 Measurement

1.1.1.1 Surface Preparation

The unit of measurement for surface preparation (cleaning) is the number of square meters feet of pavement surface prepared for marking and accepted by the Contracting Officer.

1.1.1.2 Pavement Striping and Markings

The unit of measurement for pavement markings is the number of square meters feet of reflective and/or nonreflective striping or markings actually completed and accepted by the Contracting Officer.

1.1.1.3 Raised Pavement Markers

The unit of measurement for raised pavement markers is the number actually placed as specified and approved by the Contracting Officer.

1.1.1.4 Removal of Pavement Markings on Roads and Parking Areas

The unit of measurement for removal of pavement markings is the number of square meters feet of pavement markings removed as specified and accepted by the Contracting Officer.

1.1.2 Payment

The quantities of surface preparation, pavement striping or markings, raised pavement markers, and removal of pavement markings determined as specified in paragraph Measurement, will be paid for at the contract unit price. The payment constitutes full compensation for furnishing all labor, materials, tools, equipment, appliances, and doing all work involved in preparing and marking the pavements as shown on the drawings.

Remove and replace any striping or markings which required reflective media, but are placed without it, do not meet the stated minimum retro-reflective requirements, or with other defects, at no cost to the Government. Remove and replace striping or markings which do not conform to the required physical characteristics, alignment or location required at no cost to the Government.

1.2 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by the basic designation only.

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION

OFFICIALS (AASHTO)

AASHTO M 247 (2013) Standard Specification for

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 5

Glass Beads Used in Pavement Markings

AASHTO M 248 (1991; R 2012) Standard Specification for

Ready-Mixed White and Yellow Traffic Paints

AASHTO M 249 (2012; R2016) Standard Specification for

White and Yellow Reflective Thermoplastic Striping Material (Solid Form)

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM D1652 (2011; E 2012) Standard Test Method for

Epoxy Content of Epoxy Resins

ASTM D2074 (2007; R2013) Standard Test Methods for

Total, Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Amine Values of Fatty Amines by Alternative Indicator Method

ASTM D2240 (2015) Standard Test Method for Rubber

Property - Durometer Hardness

ASTM D2621 (1987; R 2011) Infrared Identification of

Vehicle Solids from Solvent-Reducible Paints

ASTM D2697 (2003; R 2014) Volume Nonvolatile Matter in Clear or Pigmented Coatings

ASTM D3335 (1985a; R 2014) Low Concentrations of

Lead, Cadmium, and Cobalt in Paint by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

ASTM D3718 (1985a; R 2015) Low Concentrations of

Chromium in Paint by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

ASTM D3924 (2016) Standard Specification for

Environment for Conditioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials

ASTM D3960 (2005; R 2013) Determining Volatile

Organic Compound (VOC) Content of Paints and Related Coatings

ASTM D4060 (2014) Abrasion Resistance of Organic

Coatings by the Taber Abraser

ASTM D4061 (2013) Standard Test Method for

Retroreflectance of Horizontal Coatings

ASTM D4280 (2012) Extended Life Type, Nonplowable, Raised, Retroreflective Pavement Markers

ASTM D4383 (2012) Standard Specification for

Plowable, Raised Retroreflective Pavement Markers

ASTM D4505 (2012) Preformed Retroflective Pavement

Marking Tape for Extended Service Life

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 6

ASTM D4541 (2009; E 2010) Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Testers

ASTM D471 (2016a) Standard Test Method for Rubber

Property - Effect of Liquids

ASTM D476 (2015) Dry Pigmentary Titanium Dioxide

Pigments

ASTM D522/D522M (2014) Mandrel Bend Test of Attached

Organic Coatings

ASTM D638 (2014) Standard Test Method for Tensile

Properties of Plastics

ASTM D6628 (2003; R 2015) Standard Specification for

Color of Pavement Marking Materials

ASTM D695 (2010) Standard Test Method for

Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics

ASTM D711 (2010; R 2015) No-Pick-Up Time of Traffic

Paint

ASTM D7234 (2012) Standard Test Method for Pull-Off

Adhesion Strength of Coatings on Concrete Using Portable Pull-Off Adhesion Testers

ASTM D823 (1995; E 2012; R 2012) Producing Films of

Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels.

ASTM E1347 (2006; R 2011) Color and Color Difference

Measurement by Tristimulus (Filter) Colorimetry

ASTM E1710 (2011) Standard Test Method for

Measurement of Retroreflective Pavement Marking Materials with CEN-Prescribed Geometry Using a Portable Retroreflectometer

ASTM E2177 (2011) Standard Test Method for Measuring the Coefficient of Retroreflected Luminance (RL) of Pavement Markings in a Standard Condition of Wetness

ASTM E2302 (2003; R 2016) Standard Test Method for

Measurement of the Luminance Coefficient Under Diffuse Illumination of Pavement Marking Materials Using a Portable Reflectometer

ASTM G154 (2016) Standard Practice for Operating

Fluorescent Light Apparatus for UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 8

INTERNATIONAL CONCRETE REPAIR INSTITUTE (ICRI)

ICRI 03732 (1997) Selecting and Specifying Concrete Surface Preparation for Sealers, Coatings, and Polymer Overlays

MASTER PAINTERS INSTITUTE (MPI)

MPI 32 (2005) Standard for Alkyd Traffic

Marking Paint

MPI 97 (2015) Traffic Marking Paint, Latex

U.S. FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION (FAA)

FAA AC 150/5370-10 (2014; Rev G; Errata 1 2015; Errata 2 2016) Standards for Specifying Construction of Airports

U.S. FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION (FHWA)

MUTCD (2009) Manual on Uniform Traffic

Control Devices

U.S. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION (GSA)

FED-STD-595 (Rev C; Notice 1) Colors Used in Government Procurement

FS TT-B-1325 (Rev D; Notice 1) Beads (Glass

Spheres) Retro-Reflective (Metric)

FS TT-P-1952 (2015; Rev F) Paint, Traffic and Airfield Markings, Waterborne

1.3 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;

submittals not having a "G" designation are for information only or as otherwise designated. When used, a designation following the "G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government. Submit the following in accordance with Section 01 33 00

SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-03 Product Data

Surface Preparation Equipment List; G

Application Equipment List; G

Exterior Surface Preparation

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for proposed materials; G

Reflective media for airfields; G

Reflective media for roads; G

Waterborne Paint; G

Solventborne Paint; G

Thermoplastic compound; G

Raised Pavement Markers Primers and Adhesives; G

SD-06 Test Reports

Reflective Media for Airfields; G

Reflective Media for Roads; G

Waterborne Paint; G

Solventborne Paint; G

High Build Acrylic Coating (HBAC); G

Thermoplastic Compound; G

Raised Pavement Markers Primers and Adhesives; G

Test Reports

SD-07 Certificates

Qualifications; G

Waterborne Paint

Reflective Media for Roads

Waterborne Paint

Solventborne Paint

Volatile Organic Compound, (VOC); G

Thermoplastic Compound

SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions

Waterborne Paint; G

Solventborne Paint; G

Thermoplastic Compound; G

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.4.1 Regulatory Requirements

Submit certificate stating that the proposed pavement marking paint meets the Volatile Organic Compound, (VOC) regulations of the local Air Pollution Control District having jurisdiction over the geographical area in which the project is located. Submit Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for each product.

1.4.2 Qualifications

Submit documentation certifying that pertinent personnel are qualified for equipment operation and handling of applicable chemicals. The documentation should include experience on five projects of similar size and scope with references for all personnel.

1.4.3 Qualifications For Airfield Marking Personnel

Submit documentation of qualifications in resume format a minimum of 14 days before pavement marking work is to be performed showing personnel who will be performing the work have experience working on airfields, operating mobile self-powered marking, cleaning, and paint removal equipment and performing these tasks. Include with resume a list of references complete with points of contact and telephone numbers.

Provide certification for pavement marking machine operator and Foreman demonstrating experience successfully completing a minimum of two airfield pavement marking projects of similar size and scope. Provide documentation demonstrating personnel have a minimum of three years of experience operating similar equipment and performing the same or similar work in similar environments, similar in size and scope of the planned project. The Contracting Officer reserves the right to require additional proof of competency or to reject proposed personnel.

1.5 DELIVERY AND STORAGE

Deliver paint materials, thermoplastic compound materials, and reflective media in original sealed containers that plainly show the designated name, specification number, batch number, color, date of manufacture, manufacturer's directions, and name of manufacturer.

Provide storage facilities at the job site, only in areas approved by the Contracting Officer, for maintaining materials at temperatures recommended by the manufacturer. Make available paint stored at the project site or segregated at the source for sampling not less than 30 days prior to date of required approval for use to allow sufficient time for testing.

Notify the Contracting Officer when paint is available for sampling.

1.6 PROJECT/SITE CONDITIONS

1.6.1 Environmental Requirements

1.6.1.1 Weather Limitations for Application

Apply pavement markings to clean, dry surfaces, and unless otherwise approved, only when the air and pavement surface temperature is at least 5 degrees F above the dew point and the air and pavement temperatures are within the limits recommended by the pavement marking manufacturer.

Allow pavement surfaces to dry after water has been used for cleaning or rainfall has occurred prior to striping or marking. Test the pavement surface for moisture before beginning work each day and after cleaning. Do not commence marking until the pavement is sufficiently dry and the pavement condition has been approved by the Contracting Officer.

Employ the "plastic wrap method" to test the pavement for moisture as specified in paragraph TESTING FOR MOISTURE.

1.6.1.2 Weather Limitations for Removal of Pavement Markings on Roads and Parking Areas

Pavement surface must be free of snow, ice, or slush; with a surface temperature of at least 40 degrees F and rising at the beginning of operations, except those involving shot or sand blasting or grinding.

Cease operation during thunderstorms, or during rainfall, except for waterblasting and removal of previously applied chemicals. Cease waterblasting where surface water accumulation alters the effectiveness of material removal.

1.6.2 Traffic Controls

Place warning signs conforming to CA MUTCD near the beginning of the worksite and well ahead of the worksite for alerting approaching traffic from both directions. Place small markers along newly painted lines or freshly placed raised markers to control traffic and prevent damage to newly painted surfaces or displacement of raised pavement markers. Mark painting equipment with large warning signs indicating slow-moving painting equipment in operation.

When traffic must be rerouted or controlled to accomplish the work, provide necessary warning signs, flag persons, and related equipment for the safe passage of vehicles.

1.6.3 Airfield Traffic Control

Coordinate performance of all work in the controlled zones of the airfield with the Contracting Officer and with the Flight Operations Officer or Airfield Manager. Neither equipment nor personnel can use any portion of the airfield without permission of these officers unless the runway is closed. Runways will be closed during the following times:

Day or Date Runway Closing Time Runway Opening Time Important Notes

1.6.4 Airfield Radio Communication

No personnel or equipment will be allowed in the controlled zones of the airfield until radio contact has been made with the control tower and permission is granted by the control tower. A radio for this purpose will be provided by the Government. The Contractor is responsible for the radio and must reimburse the Government for repair or replacement of the radio if it is lost, damaged, or destroyed. Maintain contact with the control tower at all times during work in vicinity of the airfield.

Notify the control tower when work is completed and all personnel, equipment and materials have been removed from all aircraft operating surfaces.

1.6.5 Airfield Emergency Landing and Takeoff

Emergencies take precedence over all operations. Upon notification from the control tower of an emergency landing or imminent takeoff, stop all operations immediately and evacuate all personnel and equipment to an area not utilized for aircraft traffic which is at least 250 feet measured perpendicular to and away from the near edge of the runway unless otherwise authorized by the Contracting Officer. Equipment and chemicals or detergents as well as excess water must be able to clear the work area within 3 minutes.

1.6.6 Lighting

When night operations are necessary, provide all necessary lighting and equipment. Direct or shade lighting to prevent interference with aircraft, the air traffic control tower, and other base operations.

Provide lighting and related equipment capable of being removed from the runway within 15 minutes of notification of an emergency. Night work must be coordinated with the Airfield Manager and approved in advance by the Contracting Officer. The Government reserves the right to accept or reject night work on the day following night activities by the Contractor.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 EQUIPMENT

2.1.1 Surface Preparation Equipment for Roads and Parking Areas

Submit a surface preparation equipment list by serial number, type, model, and manufacturer. Include descriptive data indicating area of coverage per pass, pressure adjustment range, tank and flow capacities, and safety precautions required for the equipment operation. Mobile equipment must allow for removal of markings without damaging the pavement surface or joint sealant. Maintain machines, tools, and equipment used in the performance of the work in satisfactory operating condition.

2.1.1.1 Sandblasting Equipment

Use mobile sandblasting equipment capable of producing a pressurized stream of sand and air that effectively removes paint from the surface without filling voids with debris in asphalt or tar pavements or removing joint sealants in portland cement concrete pavements. Include with the equipment and air compressor, hoses, and nozzles of adequate size and capacity for removing paint. Equip the compressor with traps and coalescing filters that maintain the compressed air free of oil and water.

2.1.1.2 Waterblasting Equipment

Use mobile waterblasting equipment capable of producing a pressurized stream of water that effectively removes paint from the pavement surface without significantly damaging the pavement. Provide equipment, tools, and machinery which are safe and in good working order at all times.

2.1.1.3 Shotblasting Equipment

Use mobile self propelled shotblasting equipment capable of producing an adjustable depth of paint removal and of propelling abrasive particles at high velocities on the paint for effective removal. Ensure each unit is self cleaning and self contained. Use equipment able to confine the abrasive, any dust that is produced, and removed paint and is capable of recycling the abrasive for reuse.

2.1.1.4 Grinding or Scarifying Equipment

Use equipment capable of removing surface contaminates, paint build-up, or extraneous markings from the pavement surface without leaving any residue.

Clean the surface by hydro blast to remove surface contaminates and ash after a weed torch is used to remove paint.

2.1.1.5 Chemical Removal Equipment

Use chemical equipment capable of applying and removing chemicals and paint from the pavement surface, leaving only non-toxic biodegradable residue without scarring or other damage to the pavement or joints and joint seals.

2.1.2 Application Equipment

Submit application equipment list appropriate for the material(s) to be used. Include manufacturer's descriptive data and certification for the planned use that indicates area of coverage per pass, pressure adjustment range, tank and flow capacities, and all safety precautions required for operating and maintaining the equipment. Provide and maintain machines, tools, and equipment used in the performance of the work in satisfactory operating condition, or remove them from the work site. Provide mobile and maneuverable application equipment to the extent that straight lines can be followed and normal curves can be made in a true arc.

2.1.2.1 Paint Application Equipment

2.1.2.1.1 Hand-Operated, Push-Type Machines

Provide hand-operated push-type applicator machine of a type commonly used for application of water based paint or two-component, chemically curing paint, thermoplastic, or preformed tape, to pavement surfaces for small marking projects, such as legends and cross-walks, parking areas, or surface painted signs. Provide applicator machine equipped with the necessary tanks and spraying nozzles capable of applying paint uniformly at coverage specified. Hand operated spray guns may be used in areas where push-type machines cannot be used.

2.1.2.1.2 Self-Propelled or Mobile-Drawn Spraying Machines

Provide self-propelled or mobile-drawn spraying machine with suitable arrangements of atomizing nozzles and controls to obtain the specified results. Provide machine having a speed during application capable of applying the stripe widths indicated at the paint coverage rate specified herein and of even uniform thickness with clear-cut edges.

2.1.2.1.2.1 Road Marking

Provide equipment used for marking roads capable of placing the prescribed number of lines at a single pass as solid lines, intermittent lines, or a combination of solid and intermittent lines using a maximum of three different colors of paint as specified.

2.1.2.1.2.2 Airfield Marking

Provide self-propelled or mobile-drawn spraying machine for applying the paint for airfield pavements with an arrangement of atomizing nozzles capable of applying the specified line width in a single pass. Provide paint applicator with paint reservoirs or tanks of sufficient capacity and suitable gages to apply paint in accordance with requirements specified.

Equip tanks with suitable mechanical agitators. Equip spray mechanism with quick-action valves conveniently located, and include necessary pressure regulators and gages in full view and reach of the operator.

Install paint strainers in paint supply lines to ensure freedom from residue and foreign matter that may cause malfunction of the spray guns. The paint applicator must be readily adaptable for attachment of a dispenser for the reflective media approved for use.

2.1.2.1.2.3 Hand Application

Provide spray guns for hand application of paint in areas where the mobile paint applicator cannot be used.

2.1.2.2 Thermoplastic Application Equipment

2.1.2.2.1 Thermoplastic Material

Apply thermoplastic material with equipment that is capable of providing continuous uniformity in the dimensions and reflectorization of the marking.

2.1.2.2.2 Application Equipment

a. Provide application equipment capable of continuous mixing and agitation of the material, with conveying parts which prevent accumulation and clogging between the main material reservoir and the extrusion shoe or spray gun. All parts of the equipment which come into contact with the material must be easily accessible and exposed for cleaning and maintenance. All mixing and conveying parts up to and including the extrusion shoes and spray guns must maintain the material at the required temperature with heat-transfer oil or electrical-element-controlled heat.

b. Provide application equipment constructed to ensure continuous uniformity in the dimensions of the stripe. Provide an applicator with a means for cleanly cutting off stripe ends squarely and providing a method of applying "skiplines." Provide equipment capable of applying varying widths of traffic markings.

c. Provide mobile and maneuverable application equipment allowing straight lines to be followed and normal curves to be made in a true arc. Provide equipment used for the placement of thermoplastic pavement markings of two general types: mobile applicator and portable applicator.

d. Equip the applicator with a pressurized or drop-on type bead dispenser capable of uniformly dispensing reflective glass spheres at controlled rates of flow. The bead dispenser must operate automatically to begin flow prior to the flow of binder to assure that the strip is fully reflectorized.

2.1.2.2.3 Mobile Application Equipment

Provide a truck-mounted, self-contained pavement marking machine that is capable of hot applying thermoplastic by either the extrusion or spray method.

a. Equip the unit to apply the thermoplastic marking material at temperatures according to the manufacturer's instructions, at widths varying from 3 to 12 inches, with an automatic pressurized or drop-on bead dispensing system, capable of operating continuously, and of installing a minimum of 20,000 lineal feet of longitudinal markings in an 8-hour day.

b. Equip the mobile unit with a melting kettle which holds a minimum of

6000 pounds of molten thermoplastic material; capable of heating the thermoplastic composition to temperatures as recommended by the manufacturer. Use a thermostatically controlled heat transfer liquid. Heating of the composition by direct flame is not allowed.

Oil and material temperature gauges must be visible at both ends of the kettle.

c. Equip mobile units for application of extruded markings with a minimum of two extrusion shoes; located one on each side of the truck, capable of marking simultaneous edge line and centerline stripes; each being a closed, oil-jacketed unit; holding the molten thermoplastic at a temperature as recommended by the manufacturer;

and capable of extruding a line of 3 to 8 inches in width; and at a thickness of not less than 0.120 inch nor more than 0.190 inch, of generally uniform cross section.

d. Equip mobile units for application of spray markings with a spray gun system capable of marking simultaneous edgeline and centerline stripes. Surround (jacket) the spray system with heating oil to maintain the molten thermoplastic at a temperature of 375 to 425 degrees F, capable of spraying a stripe of 3 to 12 inches in width, and in thicknesses varying from 0.060 inch to 0.098 inch, of generally uniform cross section.

e. Equip the mobile unit with an electronic programmable line pattern control system, capable of applying skip or solid lines in any sequence, through any and all of the extrusion shoes, or the spray guns, and in programmable cycle lengths. In addition, equip the mobile unit with an automatic counting mechanism capable of recording the number of lineal meters feet of thermoplastic markings applied to the pavement surface with an accuracy of 0.5 percent.

2.1.2.2.4 Portable Application Equipment

Provide portable hand-operated equipment, specifically designed for placing special markings such as crosswalks, stop bars, legends, arrows, and short lengths of lane, edge and centerlines; and capable of applying thermoplastic pavement markings by the extrusion method. Equip the portable applicator with all the necessary components, including a materials storage reservoir, bead dispenser, extrusion shoe, and heating accessories, capable of holding the molten thermoplastic at the temperature recommended by the manufacturer, and of extruding a line of 3 to 12 inches in width, and in thickness of not less than 0.120 inch nor more than 0.190 inch and of generally uniform cross section.

2.1.2.3 Reflective Media Dispenser

Attach the dispenser for applying the reflective media to the paint or thermoplastic dispenser and designed to operate automatically and simultaneously with the applicator through the same control mechanism.

T he bead applicator must be capable of adjustment and designed to provide uniform flow of reflective media over the full length and width of the stripe at the rate of coverage specified in paragraph APPLICATION.

2.1.2.4 Preformed Tape Application Equipment

Provide and use mechanical application equipment for the placement of preformed marking tape which is a mobile pavement marking machine specifically designed for use in applying pressure-sensitive pavement marking tape of varying widths. Equip the applicator with rollers, or other suitable compaction device to provide initial adhesion of the material with the pavement surface. Use additional tools and devices as needed to properly seat the applied material as recommended by the manufacturer.

2.2 MATERIALS

Use reflectorized waterborne or methacrylate paint for airfield markings.

Use reflectorized waterborne paint, epoxy paint, thermoplastic, high build acrylic, raised pavement markers, preformed tape for roads. Use non-reflectorized waterborne paint for parking areas. The maximum allowable VOC content of pavement markings is 150 grams per liter. Color of markings are indicated on the drawings and must conform to ASTM D6628 for roads and parking areas and FED-STD-595 for airfields. Provide materials conforming to the requirements specified herein.

2.2.1 Waterborne Paint

FS TT-P-1952, Type I or II, III, MPI 97.

2.2.2 Solventborne Paint

AASHTO M 248, MPI 32.

2.2.3 Methacrylate Paint

Formulate methacrylate paint to meet the requirements of FAA AC 150/5370- 10, Item P-620.2, Methacrylate.

Epoxy Paint

2.2.4 Formulation

Epoxy pavement marking material will be a two component, 100 percent solids, material formulated to provide simple volumetric mixing ratio of two volumes of component A and one volume of component B unless otherwise recommended by the manufacturer.

2.2.5 Composition

The component A of both white and yellow must be within the following limits:

TABLE I

White Yellow

Pigments Minimum 18 percent by weight Titanium Dioxide (ASTM D476, Type

II)

21-27 percent by weight

TABLE I

White Yellow

Epoxy Resin 75-82 percent 73-79 percent

The epoxy resign must be free of lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium and other toxic heavy metals as defined by the Environmental Protection Agency. Submit a manufacturer's certification of compliance with this requirement.

2.2.6 Epoxide Value

Determine epoxide epoxy number of the epoxy resin in accordance with ASTM D1652 for white and yellow component A on pigment free basis.

T he epoxide number must be within plus or minus 50 of the published manufacturer's standard.

2.2.7 Total Amine Value

Determine the amine number on the curing agent (component B) in accordance with ASTM D2074. The amine number must be within plus or minus 50 of the published manufacturer's standard.

2.2.8 Toxicity

Upon heating to application temperature, the material must not produce fumes which are toxic or injurious to persons or property.

2.2.9 Daylight Directional Reflectance

Directional reflectance of white and yellow paint (without glass beads) in accordance with ASTM E1347: White 84 percent Yellow 55 percent.

2.2.10 Laboratory Drying Time

The epoxy pavement marking material must have a maximum no-pick-up time of 30 minutes when tested in accordance with ASTM D711.

2.2.11 Curing

The epoxy material must be capable of fully curing under a constant surface temperature of 45 Degrees F or above.

2.2.12 Adhesion to Concrete

The catalyzed epoxy pavement marking material must have a high degree of adhesion to the specified concrete surface (100 percent concrete failure) when tested according to ASTM D7234. The concrete substrate must have a minimum compressive strength of 4,000 psi. Condition prepared specimens at a temperature of 75 plus or minus 2 Degrees F for a minimum of 24 hours and a maximum of 72 hours prior to performance of the test.

2.2.13 Hardness

Epoxy pavement marking materials must have a Shore D Hardness between 75 and 100 when tested in accordance with ASTM D2240. Cure the samples at 75 plus or minus 2 Degrees F for a minimum of 72 hours and a maximum of 96 hours prior to performing the tests.

2.2.14 Abrasion Resistance

The wear index for a catalyzed sample must not exceed 82 when tested in accordance with ASTM D4060 using a 1000 gram load, CS-17 wheels and a test duration of 1000 cycles. Run the test on cured samples of material which have been applied at a film thickness of 15 plus or minus 0.5 mils to code S-16 stainless steel plates. Cure the samples at 75 plus or minus 2 Degrees F for a minimum of 48 hours prior to performing the tests.

2.2.15 Tensile Strength

Epoxy pavement marking materials must have a tensile strength of at least 41,370 kPA 6,000 psi when tested in accordance with ASTM D638.

Cast the Type IV specimens in a suitable mold and pull at the rate of 1/4 inch per minute using a suitable dynamic testing machine. Cure the samples at 75 plus or minus 2 Degrees F for a minimum of 12 hours and a maximum of 48 hours prior to performing the tests.

2.2.16 Compressive Strength

Catalyzed epoxy pavement marking materials must have a compressive strength of at least 12,000 psi when tested in accordance with ASTM D695.

Condition the cast sample at 75 plus or minus 2 Degrees F for a minimum of 12 hours and a maximum of 48 hours prior to performing the tests. The rate of compression of these samples must not exceed 1/4 inch per minute.

2.2.17 Thermoplastic Compound

2.2.17.1 Composition Requirements

Thermoplastic compound must conform to AASHTO M 249. Formulate the binder component as an alkyd resin.

2.2.17.2 Primer

a. Asphalt concrete primer: Provide thermosetting adhesive primer with a solids content of pigment reinforced synthetic rubber and synthetic plastic resin dissolved or dispersed in a volatile organic solvent for asphaltic concrete pavements. The solids content must not be less than 10 percent by weight at 70 degrees F and 60 percent relative humidity. A wet film thickness of 0.005 inch, plus or minus 0.001 inch, must dry to a tack-free condition in less than 5 minutes.

b. Portland cement concrete primer: Provide an epoxy resin primer for portland cement concrete pavements, of the type recommended by the manufacturer of the thermoplastic composition.

2.2.18 High Build Acrylic Coating (HBAC)

Formulate High Build Acrylic Coating (HBAC) to meet the requirements of Table II.

TABLE II - REQUIREMENTS FOR HIGH BUILD ACRYLIC COATINGS (HBAC)

TEST MINIMUM REQUIREMENT (AND MAXIMUM WHERE

INDICATED)

Resin System (ASTM D2621) Waterborne 100 percent Acrylic

Percent Volume Solids (ASTM D2697) 58 percent

Volatile Organic Compound, max. (ASTM D3960

1.25 lbs/gal

White (FED-STD-595) 37925

INDICATED)

Yellow (FED-STD-595) 33538

Shore D Hardness (ASTM D2240) 45

1/8 inch Mandrel Bend at 5 mils Dry Film Thickness (DFT, one-week cure ( ASTM D522/D522M, Method B)

No visual defects at bend (Conditions at

ASTM D3924)

Adhesion to Concrete and Asphaltic Pavements (ASTM D4541)

140 psi or 100 percent cohesive failure in pavement

Accelerated Weathering, Yellow, 2500 Hours UV Exposure (ASTM G154: see note 1)

Max. color loss to 33655 (FED-STD-595)

Water Absorption at 168 Hours Immersion Tap Water (ASTM D471)

9.0 percent max. weight increase (conditions at ASTM D3924)

Application at 1650 microns 65 mils Wet,One Coat, One-week Cure, (see note 2)

No visual cracking or curling (conditions at ASTM D3924)

No Pick-Up at 630 microns 25 mils (

ASTM D711)

Wet 10 minutes max.

Lead (ASTM D3335) 0.06 percent max.

Cadmium (ASTM D3335) 0.06 percent max.

Chromium (ASTM D3718) 0.00 percent

Notes:

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 26

INDICATED)

(1) Properly mix and apply yellow paint at 10 mils plus or minus 2 mils DFT over a suitably sized, clean aluminum substrate (ASTM D823), and cure for a minimum of 48 hours: four individual yellow samples shall be prepared. Expose three samples to continuous Ultraviolet (UV) light for 2500 hours, without cycles condensation, in accordance to ASTM G154: UVA-340 lamps shall be used in the testing apparatus.

Following exposure, compare the three exposed samples to the "one" non-exposed sample using FED-STD-595 colors 33538 and 33655 as visual references: evaluate exposed samples for degree of visual color loss. Yellow paint shall receive a passing rating if each exposed sample appears equivalent to the non-exposed sample, and in addition, displays color loss no greater than FED-STD-595 color 33655.

(2) Using double-stick, foam mounting tape (or equal) with a nominal thickness of 65 mils, apply a rectangular mold with inner dimensions of 3 in by 10 in to a clean aluminum sample approximately sized at 6 in by 12 in by 1/8 in. Do not remove the tape's plastic backing. Mix and apply excess paint into mold. Remove excess paint, by squeegee or other appropriate draw down technique, to a uniform thickness equal to the tape's height. Paint application and draw down shall be performed within a period of no more than 60 seconds. Approximately one to two minutes following the draw down, remove tape from sample and allow coating to cure for a minimum period of one week ASTM D3924. Using a micrometer or other appropriate device, measure cured coating thickness (less sample thickness) to confirm resulting coating application was at or above 38 mils DFT. Inspect coating for visual signs of cracking and curling. Following a one week cure, coating shall receive a passing rating if applied greater than 38 mils DFT and visually free of both cracking and curling.

TABLE III - PREAPPROVED HBACs

MANUFACTURER PRODUCTS

TMT-Pathway 1021 North Mission Road Los Angeles, CA 90033

(800) 338-7680

Legend Build, #2712A9, White

Legend Build, #2713A9, Yellow

Pervo Paints 6624 Stanford Avenue Los Angeles, CA 90001

(323) 758-1147

Pervo 6050, White

Pervo 6053, Yellow

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 29

TABLE III - PREAPPROVED HBACs

Vogel Traffic Services 1920 Albany Place South PO Box 140 Orange City, IA 51041

(712) 737-4016

UC-1516, White

UC-3588, Yellow

2.2.19 Preformed Tape

Provide adherent reflectorized strip preformed tape in accordance with ASTM D4505 Retroreflectivity Level II, Class 1, 2 or 3, Skid Resistance Level B.

2.2.20 Raised Pavement Markers Primers and Adhesives

Use either metallic or nonmetallic markers of the button or prismatic reflector type. Provide permanent color markers as specified for pavement marking, which retain the color and brightness under the action of traffic.

Provide button markers with a diameter of not less than 4 inches, spaced not more than 40 feet apart on solid longitudinal lines. Make broken centerline marker spacing per CA MUTCD requirements. Provide button markers with rounded surfaces presenting a smooth contour to traffic and not projecting more than 3/4 inch above level of pavement.

Provide nonplowable pavement markers and adhesive epoxy conforming to ASTM D4280 and ASTM D4383.

2.2.21 Reflective Media

2.2.21.1 Reflective Media for Airfields

FS TT-B-1325, Type I, Gradation A, Type III, Gradation A, or Type IV, Gradation A or B. Usually Type I unless noted in SOW.

2.2.21.2 Reflective Media for Roads

FS TT-B-1325, Type I, Gradation A or Type IV, Gradation A or AASHTO M 247, Type 1.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

3.1.1 Testing for Moisture

Test the pavement surface for moisture before beginning pavement marking after each period of rainfall, fog, high humidity, or cleaning, or when the ambient temperature has fallen below the dew point. Do not commence marking until the pavement is sufficiently dry and the pavement condition has been approved by the Contracting Officer or authorized representative.

Employ the "plastic wrap method" to test the pavement for moisture as follows: Cover the pavement with a 12 inch by 12 inch section of clear plastic wrap and seal the edges with tape. After 15 minutes, examine the plastic wrap for any visible moisture accumulation inside the plastic. Do not begin marking operations until the test can be performed with no visible moisture accumulation inside the plastic wrap.

Re-test surfaces when work has been stopped due to rain.

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 30

3.1.2 Surface Preparation Demonstration

Prior to surface preparation, demonstrate the proposed procedures and equipment. Prepare areas large enough to determine cleanliness, adhesion of remaining coating and rate of cleaning. Perform a demonstration removal of pavement marking in an area designated by the Contracting Officer.

Approved demonstration area establishes the standard for the remainder of the work.

3.1.3 Test Stripe Demonstration

Prior to paint application, demonstrate test stripe application within the work area using the proposed materials and equipment. Apply separate test stripes in each of the line widths and configurations required herein using the proposed equipment. Make the test stripes long enough to determine the proper speed and operating pressures for the vehicle(s) and machinery, but not less than 50 feet long.

3.1.4 Application Rate Demonstration

During the Test Stripe Demonstration, demonstrate compliance with the application rates specified herein. Document the equipment speed and operating pressures required to meet the specified rates in each configuration of the equipment and provide a copy of the documentation to the Contracting Officer prior to proceeding with the work.

3.1.5 Retroreflective Value Demonstration

After the test stripes have cured to a "no-track" condition, demonstrate compliance with the average retroreflective values specified herein. Take a minimum of ten readings on each test stripe with a Retroreflectometer with a direct readout in millicandelas per square meter per lux (mcd/m2/lx). Conform testing per ASTM D4061, ASTM E1710, ASTM E2177, and

ASTM E2302.

3.1.6 Level of Performance Demonstration

The Contracting Officer will be present at the application demonstrations to observe the results obtained and to validate the operating parameters of the vehicle(s) and equipment. If accepted by the Contracting Officer, the test stripe is the measure of performance required for this project. Do

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 33 not proceed with the work until the demonstration results are satisfactory to the Contracting Officer.

3.2 EXTERIOR SURFACE PREPARATION

Allow new pavement surfaces to cure for a period of not less than 30 days before application of marking materials. Thoroughly clean surfaces to be marked before application of the paint. Remove dust, dirt, and other granular surface deposits by sweeping, blowing with compressed air, rinsing with water, or a combination of these methods as required.

Remove rubber deposits, existing paint markings, residual curing compounds, and other coatings adhering to the pavement by water blasting, approved chemical removal method, or according to the removal requirements and procedures outlined in Section 32 01 11.51.

a. For Portland Cement Concrete pavement, grinding, light shot blasting, or light scarification, to a resulting profile equal to ICRI 03732 CSP 2, CSP 3, and CSP 4, respectively, can be used in addition to water blasting on most pavements, to either remove existing coatings, or for surface preparation.

b. Do not use shot blasting on airfield pavements due to the potential of

Foreign Object Damage (FOD) to aircraft. Scrub affected areas, where oil or grease is present on old pavements to be marked, with several applications of trisodium phosphate solution or other approved detergent or degreaser and rinse thoroughly after each application. After cleaning oil-soaked areas, seal with shellac or primer recommended by the manufacturer to prevent bleeding through the new paint. Do not commence painting in any area until pavement surfaces are dry and clean.

3.2.1 Early Painting of Rigid Pavements

Pretreat rigid pavements that require early painting with an aqueous solution containing 3 percent phosphoric acid and 2 percent zinc chloride.

Apply the solution to the areas to be marked.

3.2.2 Early Painting of Asphalt Pavements

For asphalt pavement systems requiring painting application at less than 30 days, apply the paint and beads at half the normal application rate, followed by a second application at the normal rate after 30 days.

3.3 APPLICATION

Apply pavement markings to dry pavements only.

3.3.1 Paint

Apply paint pneumatically with approved equipment at rate of coverage specified herein. Provide guidelines and templates as necessary to control paint application. Take special precautions in marking numbers, letters, and symbols. Manually paint numbers, letters, and symbols. Sharply outline all edges of markings. The maximum drying time requirements of the paint specifications will be strictly enforced, to prevent undue softening of bitumen, and pickup, displacement, or discoloration by tires of traffic. If there is a deficiency in drying of the markings, painting operations must cease until the cause of the slow drying is determined and corrected.

3.3.1.1 Waterborne Paint

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 34

3.3.1.1.1 Airfields

For non-reflectorized [and reflectorized] markings, apply paint conforming to FS TT-P-1952 Type I or II, III, MPI 97 at a rate of 105 plus or minus 5 square feet per gallon.

For reflectorized markings, apply FS TT-B-1325 beads at a rate of 7 plus or minus 0.5 pounds of glass spheres per gallon. For reflectorized markings, apply paint and glass spheres at the following rates:

TABLE IV

Bead Type Paint Type Paint Application Rate Bead Application Rate

Type I (Gradation A)

Type I, II, III 121 plus or minus 6 Sq Ft/Gallon

8 plus or minus 1 lb/gallon

Type III Type I, II, III 121 plus or minus 6 Sq Ft/Gallon

10 plus or minus 1 lb/gallon

Type IV (Gradation A)

Type III 76 plus or minus 12 Sq Ft/Gallon

8 plus or minus 1 lb/gallon

Type IV (Gradation B)

Type III 98 plus or minus 9 Sq Ft/Gallon

8 plus or minus 1 lb/gallon

3.3.1.1.2 Roads

Apply paint at a rate of 105 plus or minus 5 square feet per gallon. Apply FS TT-B-1325 Type I (Gradation A) AASHTO M 247 Type 1, beads at a rate of 7 plus or minus 0.5 pounds of glass spheres per gallon.

3.3.1.2 Solventborne Paint

Apply paint at a minimum wet film thickness of 15 mils. Apply FS TT-B-1325 Type I (Gradation A), AASHTO M 247 Type 1 beads at a minimum rate of 6 pounds of glass spheres per gallon.

3.3.1.3 Methacrylate Paint

Apply paint evenly to the pavement surface at a maximum rate of 45 square feet per gallon. Apply glass spheres conforming to FS TT-B-1325 uniformly to the wet paint on airfield pavement. Use either Type I (Gradation A), Type III, or Type IV (Gradation A or B) beads. Apply Type I (Gradation A) beads at a minimum rate of 15 pounds of glass spheres per gallon. Apply Type III beads at a minimum rate of 20 pounds of glass spheres per gallon.

Apply Type IV (Gradation A or B) beads at a minimum rate of 16 pounds of glass spheres per gallon.

3.3.1.4 Epoxy Paint

Apply paint evenly to the pavement surface at a wet film thickness of 20 mils plus or minus 1 mil to cover 80 plus or minus 4 square feet per gallon.

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 37

Apply glass spheres uniformly to the wet paint on road and street pavement at a rate of 7 plus or minus 0.5 pounds of glass spheres per gallon.

3.3.1.5 High Build Acrylic Coating

Apply High Build Acrylic Coating (HBAC) at a rate of 1.3 square meters per liter 50 square feet per gallon. Apply Type IV (Gradation A) beads at a minimum rate of 1.8 kilograms of glass spheres per liter 16 pounds of glass spheres per gallon.

3.3.2 Thermoplastic Compound

Place thermoplastic pavement markings, free from dirt or tint, upon dry pavement. The temperature must be a minimum of 40 degrees F and rising at the time of installation. Apply all centerline, skipline, edgeline, and other longitudinal type markings with a mobile applicator. Place all special markings, crosswalks, stop bars, legends, arrows, and similar patterns with a portable applicator, using the extrusion method.

3.3.2.1 Primer

After surface preparation has been completed, prime the asphalt or concrete pavement surface with spray equipment. Allow primer materials to "set-up" prior to applying the thermoplastic composition. Allow the asphalt concrete primer to dry to a tack-free condition, usually occurring in less than 10 minutes. Allow the Portland Cement concrete primer to dry in accordance with the thermoplastic manufacturer recommendations. To shorten the curing time of the epoxy resins, an infrared heating device may be used on the concrete primer. Apply asphalt concrete primer to all asphalt concrete pavements at a wet film thickness of 0.005 inch, plus or minus 0.001 inch 265 to 400 square feet per gallon. Apply portland cement concrete primer to all concrete pavements (including concrete bridge decks) at a wet film thickness of between 0.04 to 0.05 inch

320 to 400 square feet per gallon.

After the primer has "set-up", apply the thermoplastic at temperatures no lower than 375 degrees F nor higher than 425 degrees F at the point of deposition. Apply all extruded thermoplastic markings at the specified width and at a thickness of not less than 0.125 inch nor more than 0.190 inch. Apply all sprayed thermoplastic markings at the specified width and the thickness designated in the contract plans. If the plans do not specify a thickness, apply centerline markings at a wet thickness of 0.090 inch, plus or minus 0.005 inch, and edgeline markings at a wet thickness of 0.060 inch, plus or minus 0.005 inch.

Extrude or spray thermoplastic reflectorized pavement marking compound in a molten state onto a primed pavement surface. Following a surface application of glass beads and upon cooling to normal pavement temperatures, the marking must be an adherent reflectorized strip of the specified thickness and width that is capable of resisting deformation by traffic.

3.3.2.2 Reflective Media

Immediately after installation of the thermoplastic material, mechanically apply drop-on reflective glass spheres conforming to FS TT-B-1325 Type I (Gradation A) AASHTO M 247 Type 1 at the rate of one pound per 20 square feet such that the spheres are held by and imbedded in the surface of the molten material. Accomplish drop-on application of the glass spheres to ensure even distribution at the specified rate of coverage. If there is

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 38 a malfunction of either thermoplastic applicator or reflective media dispenser, discontinue operations until deficiency is corrected.

3.3.3 Raised Pavement Markers

Align prefabricated markers carefully at the spacing indicated on the drawings and permanently fix…