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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

INTERFACE STANDARD

INTEROPERABILITY OF SUPERHIGH

FREQUENCY (SHF) SATELLITE

COMMUNICATIONS TERMINALS

AMSC N/A AREA TCSS

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

MIL-STD-188-164C

w/CHANGE 1

DRAFT

SUPERSEDING

16 November 2018

NOT MEASUREMENT

SENSITIVE

NOTE: This draft, dated 01 July 2023, prepared by DISA DC1, has not been approved and is subject to modification. DO NOT USE PRIOR TO

APPROVAL. (Project TCSS-2020-001)

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DRAFT DATED 01 July 2023 ii

FOREWORD

1. This standard is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense (DoD).

2. In accordance with DoD Instruction 8330.01, it is DoD policy that all IT used by DOD components must interoperate with equipment of joint, combined, and coalition forces, other

U.S. Government departments and agencies, and non-governmental organizations to the maximum extent possible.

3. Military standards (MIL-STDs) in the 188 series (MIL-STD-188-XXX) address telecommunications design parameters and are to be used in all new DoD systems and equipment, or major upgrades thereto. The MIL-STD-188 series is subdivided into a MIL-STD-

188-100 series, covering common standards for tactical and long-haul communications; a MIL-

STD-188-200 series, covering standards for tactical communications only; and a MIL-STD-188-

300 series, covering standards for long-haul communications. Emphasis is being placed on the development of common standards for tactical and long-haul communications (the MIL-STD-

188-100 series). The MIL-STD-188 series may be based on, or make reference to, American

National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards, International Telecommunications Union Radio

Communication Sector (ITU-R) recommendations, International Organization for

Standardization (ISO) standards, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) standardization agreements (STANAGs), and other standards, wherever applicable.

4. This standard establishes interoperability and performance requirements for satellite communications (SATCOM) earth terminals (ETs) operating with satellite transponders in the

X-band, and military Ka-bands.

5. This revised standard was updated to improve the alignment with MIL-STD-188-165, to remove references to commercial frequency bands, to clarify numerous requirements, and to include requirements for variable performance terminals.

6. Comments, suggestions, and questions on this document should be addressed to

DISA, 6910 Cooper Ave., ATTN: IE53, Fort Meade, MD 20755-5496, or emailed to henry.h.tran.civ@mail.mil. Because contact information can change, verify the currency of this address information by using the ASSIST Online database at https://assist.dla.mil.

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iii

CONTENTS

PARAGRAPH PAGE

FOREWORD ............................................................................................................. ii

1 SCOPE

1.1 Scope

1.2 Applicability

1.3 Certification Authority

1.4 Additional requirements

1.5 Deviation from the standard

1.6 Document structure

2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

2.1 General

2.2 Government documents

2.2.1 Specifications, standards, and handbooks

2.2.2 Other Government documents, drawings, and publications

2.3 Non-Government publications

2.4 Order of precedence

3 DEFINITIONS

3.1 Definitions of terms

3.2 Abbreviations

3.3 Antenna pointing

3.3.1 Accuracy

3.4 Antenna pointing loss

3.5 Antenna tracking

3.6 dBc

3.7 dBi

3.8 dBm

3.9 dBW

3.10 Earth terminal (ET)

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3.11 Effective isotropically radiated power (EIRP)

3.12 EIRP spectral density

3.13 Equivalent diameter

3.13.1 External frequency reference

3.14 Extraneous emissions

3.15 G/T

3.16 Harmonics

3.17 Instantaneous bandwidth

3.17.1 Internal frequency reference

3.18 IF input

3.19 IF output

3.20 Maximum linear power

3.20.1 On-axis EIRP spectral density limit

3.20.2 Single carrier maximum linear power

3.20.3 Two carrier maximum linear power

3.21 Reception function

3.22 Satellite system

3.23 Saturated power

3.23.1 Spurious

3.23.2 Stability

3.24 Transmission function

3.25 Variable Performance Terminal

4 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

4.1 General

4.2 Transmission function

4.2.1 Transmit chain alignment

4.2.1.1 IF input level

4.2.2 RF frequency bands

4.2.3 Tuning

4.2.4 Transmit signal level stability

4.2.5 Carrier frequency accuracy and stability

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4.2.6 Carrier power control accuracy, step size, and range

4.2.7 Transmit phase linearity

4.2.8 Transmit amplitude response

4.2.9 Alternating current power line

4.2.10 Single sideband

4.2.11 Phase noise

4.2.12 Transmit thermal noise EIRP

4.2.13 Transmission function extraneous outputs

4.2.14 Harmonic emissions

4.2.15 Transmit-to-receive isolation

4.2.16 Intermodulation products in the receive band

4.2.17 Transmit spectrum inversion

4.2.18 Input impedance

4.2.19 Transmit IF frequency

4.3 Reception function

4.3.1 RF frequency bands

4.3.2 Maximum power flux densities (PFDs)

4.3.2.1 X-band

4.3.2.2 Military Ka-band

4.3.3 Receive chain gain, linearity, and IF interface characteristics

4.3.3.1 Receive Chain Absolute Gain

4.3.3.2 Reception function intermodulation products

4.3.3.3 IF Output Level Adjustment

4.3.3.4 Output Impedance

4.3.4 Tuning

4.3.5 Receive conversion frequency accuracy

4.3.6 Receive phase linearity

4.3.7 Receive amplitude response

4.3.8 Receive phase noise

4.3.9 Receive spurious output

4.3.9.1 Continuous component

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4.3.9.2 Discrete component

4.3.9.3 Component conditions

4.3.10 Receive spectrum inversions

4.3.11 Receive signal level stability

4.3.12 Antenna pointing loss

4.3.13 Receive IF frequency

4.4 Military Ka-band antenna requirements

4.4.1 Antenna side-lobe levels and transmit EIRP spectral density

4.4.1.1 De/λ ≥ 50

4.4.1.2 EIRP spectral density

4.4.2 Transmit and receive antenna polarization

4.4.3 Transmit and receive antenna axial ratio

4.4.4 Receive antenna polarization

4.4.5 Receive antenna axial ratio

4.5 Military X-band antenna requirements

4.5.1 Antenna side-lobe levels and transmit EIRP spectral density

4.5.1.1 De/λ ≥ 50

4.5.1.2 EIRP spectral density

4.5.2 Transmit and receive antenna polarization

4.5.3 Transmit and receive antenna axial ratio

4.5.4 Receive antenna polarization

4.5.5 Receive antenna axial ratio

4.6 Frequency references

4.6.1 GPS disciplined oscillator (GPSDO)

4.6.1.1 External time code input

4.6.1.2 Frequency stability

4.6.1.3 Allan deviation

4.6.1.3.1 GPS Conditions

4.6.1.3.2 GPS receiver cold start procedure

4.6.1.3.3 Vibration and shock

4.7 System implementation loss

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vii

4.8 Variable performance terminals

5 DETAILED REQUIREMENTS

5.1 General

5.2 Phase perturbation

5.3 ET control and monitoring function

5.3.1 Control and monitoring parameters

5.3.1.1 Transmit gain

5.3.1.2 Receive gain

5.3.2 Control response times

5.3.3 ET remote control and monitoring interface

6 NOTES

6.1 Intended use

6.2 Acquisition requirements

6.3 Tailoring guidance

6.4 Subject term (keyword) listing

6.5 International standardization agreement implementation

6.6 RSS Theory

6.7 Antenna gain versus pointing variations

6.7.1 Example............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

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6.8 Accounting for pointing loss differences between uplink and downlink beams

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6.9 Phase noise guidance

6.10 Changes from previous issue

6.11 Change notations

APPENDIX A SATCOM OTM EARTH TERMINALS

Scope

Uplink inhibit

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Text Replaced� Text [Old]: "........................................................................................................ 23 6.8.2 Example ............................................................................................................. 23 6.9 Changes from previous issue. ........................................................................... 24 APPENDIX A LAND-BASED SATCOM OTM EARTH TERMINALS .............................. 25 Scope. ................................................................................................................ 25 Uplink inhibit. ................................................................................................... 25" [New]: "........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 6.8.2 Example ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 6.9 Phase noise guidance ......................................................................................... 23 6.10 Changes from previous issue. ........................................................................... 26 6.11 Change notations. .............................................................................................. 26 APPENDIX A SATCOM OTM EARTH TERMINALS ......................................................... 27 Scope. ................................................................................................................ 27 Uplink inhibit. ................................................................................................... 27"

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Antenna pointing loss

Carrier frequency accuracy and stability

Receive conversion frequency accuracy

APPENDIX B Deleted

APPENDIX C ARRAY-BASED SATCOM OTM EARTH TERMINALS

Scope

Transmit-to-receive isolation

Receive signal level stability

CONCLUDING MATERIAL

FIGURES

FIGURE 1. Equivalent diameter for electronically scanned antennas FIGURE 2. ET phase noise masks. ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

FIGURE 3. Ka-band EIRP spectral density mask

FIGURE 4. X-band EIRP spectral density mask

TABLES

TABLE I. Transmit allocated frequency ranges TABLE II. Receive allocated frequency ranges

TABLE III. Allan deviation TABLE IV. ET control and monitoring parameters

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1 SCOPE

1.1 Scope. This standard establishes mandatory radio frequency (RF)/IF and associated interface requirements applicable to SATCOM ETs operating over military X-band and Ka-band superhigh frequency (SHF) channels. Equipment developers may exceed the requirements herein to satisfy specific program requirements, provided that interoperability is maintained. Thus, incorporating additional standard and nonstandard capabilities and interfaces is not precluded. Existing certified SHF SATCOM ETs that predate this revision may not need to conform to this MIL-STD unless they undergo modernization or modifications that alter performance for requirements listed herein.

1.2 Applicability. The interface and performance specifications contained herein apply to SATCOM ETs used to communicate through transponders on the Defense Satellite

Communications System (DSCS) and the Wideband Global SATCOM (WGS) system.

1.3 Certification Authority. The U.S. Wideband Consolidated SATCOM System

Expert (C-SSE) is the Certification Authority (CA) for the WGS communications system and the DSCS and may be contacted at the following address:

Space Force Delta 8

Wideband Consolidated SATCOM System Expert (C-SSE)

350 Vandenberg Street

Peterson Space Force Base, CO 80914-2749 widebandengineering@groups.af.mil

1.4 Additional requirements. The CA may levy certification requirements in addition to those listed herein. Terminal designers/vendors will coordinate with the CA to obtain certification requirements specific to their terminal. Note that this document is not intended to provide information regarding how to achieve the requirements contained herein; terminal designers/vendors should refer to applicable documents issued by the CA.

1.5 Deviation from the standard.

a. If an ET requires deviation from the specifications stated herein, the Government sponsor Program Manager (PM) should process a request to deviate from the standard through the CA, in accordance with DoD Manual (DoDM) 4120.24, Defense Standardization Program

Procedures. The request should include the mission of the system, the rationale for deviating from the standard, and both the technical and cost impact if the program is not allowed to deviate from the standard. ETs that are accepted by the Government sponsor PM without first obtaining approval for deviation from the CA are acquired at program risk.

b. Throughout this document, requirements generally apply to every ET. Government sponsor PMs may, with approval from the CA as described in 1.5a, deviate from the requirements in section 4 or 5 of this document.

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c. Special cases of general requirements are addressed in appendices for specific types of

ETs, allowing the CA to issue a full ET certification for any ET that implements requirements as modified by that specific appendix. The program office, without approval from the CA, may instruct a manufacturer to replace a section 4 or section 5 paragraph with the appropriate appendix paragraph.

1.6 Document structure. The main body of this document addresses requirements applicable to all ETs, including stationary and mobile (OTM) ETs. Appendices addressing additional requirements, which replace specific requirements in the body of the document as described in 1.5c and are applicable to unique types of ETs, are categorized as follows:

a. Appendix A, SATCOM OTM Earth Terminals;

b. Appendix B, Deleted;

c. Appendix C, Array-Based SATCOM OTM Earth Terminals.

2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3, 4, and 5 of this standard. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this standard or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements of documents cited in sections 3, 4, and 5 of this standard, whether or not they are listed in section 2.

2.2 Government documents.

2.2.1 Specifications, standards, and handbooks. The following specifications, standards, and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE STANDARDS

MIL-STD-188-165 - Interoperability of Superhigh Frequency (SHF)

Satellite Communications Phase-Shift Keying

(PSK) Modems

(Copies of these documents are available online at https://assist.dla.mil or from the

Standardization Document Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA

19111-5094.)

2.2.2 Other Government documents, drawings, and publications. The following other Government documents, drawings, and publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.

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GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) JOINT PROGRAM OFFICE

ICD-GPS-060 - GPS User Equipment (Phase III) Interface Control

Document for the Precise Time and Time Interval

(PTTI) Interface

(Copies of this document are available online at https://www.navcen.uscg.gov.)

2.3 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those listed in solicitation or contract.

ALLIANCE FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY SOLUTIONS (ATIS)

ATIS-0100523 - ATIS Telecom Glossary (American National Standard

T1.523)

(Copies of this document are available online at https://www.atis.org/glossary/.)

INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS (IEEE)

IEEE 802.3 - IEEE Standard for Ethernet

(Copies of this document are available online from https://www.ieee.org or from the IEEE

Service Center, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854-4141.)

INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS UNION (ITU)

Recommendation

ITU-R S.580-6

- Radiation diagrams for use as design objectives for antennas of earth stations operating with geostationary satellites

Recommendation

ITU-R S.732-1

- Method for statistical processing of earth station antenna side-lobe peaks to determine excess over antenna reference patterns and conditions for acceptability of any excess

(Copies of these documents are available online from https://www.itu.int/.)

2.4 Order of precedence. Unless otherwise noted herein or in the contract, in the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.

3 DEFINITIONS

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3.1 Definitions of terms. Definitions of terms not listed in this section are as defined in the ATIS Telecom Glossary.

3.2 Abbreviations. The abbreviations used in this MIL-STD are defined as follows.

AC alternating current

ANSI American National Standards Institute

ATIS Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions

CA Certification Authority

C-SSE Consolidated SATCOM Systems Expert

CEVD convolutional encoding and Viterbi decoding

CMA control, monitor, and alarm

CW continuous wave

C3I command, control, communications, and intelligence

DAGR Defense Advanced GPS Receiver

De equivalent antenna diameter

DISA Defense Information Systems Agency

DoD Department of Defense

DoDIN Department of Defense Information Networks

DoDM Department of Defense Manual

DSCS Defense Satellite Communications System

EIRP effective isotropic radiated power

ET earth terminal

GPS Global Positioning System

GPSDO Global Positioning System disciplined oscillator

GSO geostationary orbit

HPA high-power amplifier

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IF intermediate frequency

ISO International Organization for Standardization

ITU International Telecommunications Union

ITU-R International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication Sector

LHCP left-hand circular polarization

LNA low-noise amplifier

MIL-STD military standard

MILSATCOM military satellite communications

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization

OTM on the move

PFD power flux density

PM Program Manager

PSD power spectral density

PSK phase-shift keying

PTTI Precise Time and Time Interval

QPSK quadrature phase-shift keying

RF radio frequency

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Text Replaced� Text [Old]: "C-SSE Consolidated Wideband" [New]: "CA Certification Authority C-SSE Consolidated"

Text Inserted� Text "D e equivalent antenna diameter"

Text Replaced� Text [Old]: "isotropically" [New]: "isotropic"

Text Deleted� Text "ESD EIRP spectral density"

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RHCP right-hand circular polarization

RMS root mean square

Rs symbol rate

RSL received signal level

RSS root sum square

SAASM Selective Availability Anti-Spoofing Module

SAE Society of Automotive Engineers

SATCOM satellite communications

SHF superhigh frequency

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

SOW statement of work

SSE SATCOM Systems Expert

STANAG standardization agreement

VSWR voltage standing wave ratio

WGS Wideband Global SATCOM λ wavelength

3.3 Antenna pointing. The action taken by the antenna control system to command the antenna’s electrical boresight to a certain vector regardless of the antenna control system’s method of determining the vector.

3.3.1 Accuracy. The degree of conformity of a measured or calculated value to its actual or specified value.

3.4 Antenna pointing loss. The antenna gain decrease due to the angular difference between the antenna main beam gain vector and the intended satellite target vector.

3.5 Antenna tracking. Antenna tracking is the ability of an antenna to follow a signal source, such as a communications satellite.

3.6 dBc. Decibel (dB) relative to the carrier power.

3.7 dBi. In the expression of antenna gain, the number of decibels of gain of an antenna referenced to the zero dB gain of a free-space isotropic radiator.

3.8 dBm. Decibel relative to 1 mW.

3.9 dBW. Decibel relative to 1 W.

3.10 Earth terminal (ET). The portion of a satellite system that transmits and receives RF signals to and from a satellite. The ET is delimited by the IF interface to the modem and the RF interface including radome (if used). All ET and antenna specifications must be met with radome performance included. For some requirements, modem functionality is included.

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Text Inserted� Text "3.3.1 Accuracy. The degree of conformity of a measured or calculated value to its actual or specified value."

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Text Replaced� Text [Old]: "ET antenna tracking may be accomplished in either of two ways. In open-loop antenna tracking," [New]: "Antenna tracking is the ability of an antenna to follow a signal source, such as a communications satellite."

Text Inserted� Text "3.6 dBc."

Text Replaced� Text [Old]: "the antenna is simply pointed in" [New]: "Decibel (dB) relative to the carrier power."

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Text Replaced� Text [Old]: "the direction of the satellite with the aid of positional, navigational, and perhaps platform motion data but without the aid of received signal level (RSL) data. Closed-loop antenna tracking may be accomplished with any of the aids used in open-loop antenna tracking, and with the addition of RSL data."

[New]: "In the expression of antenna gain, the number of decibels of gain of an antenna referenced to the zero dB gain"

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Text Replaced� Text [Old]: "non-carrier power component to the total power in a carrier, expressed in decibels (dB)."

[New]: "free-space"

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Text Replaced� Text [Old]: "Gain, in decibels, relative to an isotropic antenna."

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3.11 Effective isotropically radiated power (EIRP). The product of the power accepted by an antenna and its gain relative to a hypothetical antenna that radiates or receives equally in all directions.

3.12 EIRP spectral density . EIRP per Hz.

3.13 Equivalent diameter. The diameter that a circular antenna would require to exhibit identical gain performance as a non-circular antenna of a given aperture size. For non-circular apertures, the equivalent diameter (De), shown on FIGURE 1, may be computed by:

𝐷e = 2√𝐴/π

Where:

A = aperture area.

For electronically scanned antennas, the equivalent diameter (De) may be computed by:

𝐷e = 2√𝐴/π cos𝜓

Where:

A = aperture area.

ψ = the electronic scan angle

FIGURE 1. Equivalent diameter for electronically scanned antennas.

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[New]: ". EIRP per Hz."

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3.13.1 External frequency reference. Any frequency reference not part of the defined terminal system configuration.

3.14 Extraneous emissions. Emissions that result from spurious tones, bands of noise, harmonics, or other undesirable signals; intermodulation products are excluded.

3.15 G/T. G/T is the receive antenna gain-to-noise temperature ratio in dBi/K.

Minimum G/T is measured while operating with the transmitter on at maximum linear power in a clear-sky condition, at the lowest frequency in the band, at a 10° elevation angle, at 23 °C, and a water vapor density (absolute humidity) ρ = 7g/m3. G/T includes the entire reception function contributions.

3.16 Harmonics. A harmonic is a component frequency of the signal that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency.

3.17 Instantaneous bandwidth. The range over which a system’s passband amplitude and phase response vs. frequency remain compliant without any tuning; compliance is governed by 4.2.7, 4.2.8, 4.3.6, and 4.3.7.

3.17.1 Internal frequency reference. Any frequency reference that is part of the terminal configuration including integrated local oscillators and standalone reference sources.

3.18 IF input. The first analog connection after the modulation function.

3.19 IF output. The last analog connection before the demodulation function.

3.20 Maximum linear power. For ETs with a single carrier, the definition is as stated in 3.20.1. For an ET capable of supporting multiple carriers, maximum linear power is defined as in 3.20.1 or 3.20.2, whichever yields the lesser value.

3.20.1 On-axis EIRP spectral density limit. The maximum on-axis EIRP spectral density for which all off-axis emissions do not exceed the established EIRP spectral density mask.

3.20.2 Single carrier maximum linear power. The carrier power where the first spectral regrowth side lobe (measured at 1.0 symbol rate, expressed in Hz from the carrier center frequency) of the modulated carrier is -30 dBc.

3.20.3 Two carrier maximum linear power. The maximum combined transmit power of two equal-amplitude continuous wave (CW) carriers, when any individual intermodulation product power is –25 dB relative to the combined power of the two CW carriers.

3.21 Reception function. The reception function receives RF signals from a satellite, provides low-noise amplification, and down-converts the RF signal to an IF signal. The reception function includes all of the equipment from the RF input (including radome, if used) to the IF output.

Text Inserted� Text "3.13.1 External frequency reference. Any frequency reference not part of the defined terminal system configuration."

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Text Inserted� Text "On-axis EIRP spectral density limit. The maximum on-axis EIRP spectral density for which all off-axis emissions do not exceed the established EIRP spectral density mask."

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3.22 Satellite system. A communications system that includes two or more ETs, a communications satellite or a space platform, and a control system.

3.23 Saturated power. The single carrier output power level of an active device where the ratio of input power change to output power change is 10:1.

3.23.1 Spurious. Unintended signal components above the noise floor.

3.23.2 Stability. Accuracy over time.

3.24 Transmission function. The transmission function up-converts the IF signal to a

RF signal, amplifies the RF signal, and transmits the RF signal to a satellite. The transmission function includes all of the equipment from the IF input to the RF output, including radome (if used).

3.25 Variable Performance Terminal. Any terminal that exhibits variations in EIRP, G/T, off-axis EIRP spectral density, or axial ratio as a function of its main beam pointing angle and are identified as terminals with non-symmetric radomes or electronically-steerable-beam antennas.

4 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

4.1 General. Unless a specific band is identified in a paragraph, each paragraph in this section applies to all bands of operation.

4.2 Transmission function. The transmission function shall perform in accordance with 4.2.1–4.2.19.

4.2.1 Transmit chain alignment. Separate transmit alignment and power control functions shall be provided for the purpose of transmit chain gain alignment and operational

EIRP control, respectively. These functions shall be independently controlled, either in hardware (physically separate functions) or in software (independent user inputs).

4.2.1.1 IF input level. With a single 0-dBm signal applied to any IF input, the transmit chain gain shall be sufficient to achieve maximum linear EIRP.

4.2.2 RF frequency bands. The transmission function shall be tunable in one or more of the SHF frequency bands listed in TABLE I.

TABLE I. Transmit allocated frequency ranges

SHF Frequency Band Frequency (GHz)

X-band 7.900–8.400

Military Ka-band 30.000–31.000

4.2.3 Tuning. The up-conversion function shall be tunable in 1-kHz increments, in conjunction with the modem, starting at the lowest frequency for each band, as listed in TABLE

I.

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Text Inserted� Text "3.23.1 Spurious. Unintended signal components above the noise floor. 3.23.2 Stability. Accuracy over time."

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4.2.4 Transmit signal level stability. For any setting of the transmit gain and for a constant IF input level, the transmit function output level shall not vary more than 1.8 dB peak to peak in any 24-h period.

4.2.5 Carrier frequency accuracy and stability. The radiated carrier frequency accuracy shall be within 1 kHz of the intended value for all RF carriers. The radiated carrier frequency accuracy shall be maintained for a 90-day period or more without recalibration.

4.2.6 Carrier power control accuracy, step size, and range. The absolute accuracy of the carrier power control attenuator(s) shall be within 1 dB of the selected attenuator value.

The relative accuracy associated with the smallest step increment shall be within 0.1 dB. The minimum step size shall not exceed 0.25 dB. The minimum carrier power control range shall be sufficient to attenuate the signal from maximum linear EIRP to 60 dBm EIRP as given by the following equation:

Minimum range (dB) = Maximum linear EIRP (dBm) − 60 (dBm)

The power control range can be met by using a combination of the ET and modem power adjustments. When a carrier power change is initiated, the controlled carrier’s power shall transition monotonically and shall not induce burst errors into the controlled carrier’s bit stream or into the adjacent carrier’s bit stream (with the adjacent carrier spaced at 1.2 Rs).

4.2.7 Transmit phase linearity. Departure from phase linearity of the transmission function, when operating at any point up to the maximum linear power, shall not exceed the following:

a. ±0.2 radian or less over any 2 MHz of instantaneous bandwidth;

b. ±0.4 radian over any 36 MHz of instantaneous bandwidth;

c. ±0.5 radian over any 72 MHz of instantaneous bandwidth;

d. ±0.6 radian over any 90 MHz of instantaneous bandwidth;

e. ±0.7 radian over any 120 MHz of instantaneous bandwidth.

4.2.8 Transmit amplitude response. Amplitude variations of the transmit (uplink) function, when operating at any point up to the maximum linear power, shall not exceed the following:

a. 1.0 dB peak to peak over any 10-MHz segment across the instantaneous bandwidth;

b. 3.0 dB peak to peak over any 120-MHz segment, or any smaller segment, across the instantaneous bandwidth (10 MHz < segment < 120 MHz);

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Text Replaced� Text [Old]: "(see 5.3.1) and" [New]: "and for"

Text Replaced� Text [Old]: "EIRP in the direction of the satellite shall not vary more than 2.5" [New]: "transmit function output level shall not vary more than 1.8"

Text Deleted� Text "This tolerance, added on a root sum square (RSS) basis, includes all ET factors contributing to the EIRP variation, including output power level instability and power variations due to pointing losses. See 6.6–6.8 for RSS theory and determination of power variations due to pointing losses. The formula for RSS error is √ 1 2 + 2 2 Where: P 1 = transmission function output power level instability in dB; P 2 = uplink power variations, in dB, in the direction of the satellite caused by pointing losses as described in 4.3.12 and 6.8.