Attachment_3_-_eVault-18_5-Installation-Manual-Rev_-9_6_11_2_21.pdf

Rev. 9.6_11.2.21

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

Fortress battery systems utilize the industry’s most environmentally benign chemistry- Lithium Ferro Phosphate, which eliminates operating temperature constraints, toxic coolants, and the risk of thermal runaway and fire. The built-in smart Battery Management System (BMS) integrates multilevel safety concepts: Overcharge and Deep Discharge Protection;

Voltage and Temperature Observation; Cell balancing.

Fortress high-performance Lithium Batteries are manufactured at the highest quality standard. It comes with large power capacity and a fast charging and continuous discharge power.

The proprietary architecture and BMS eliminate the need for cooling or ventilation, which creates an efficient round-trip conversion.

The Fortress Lithium Battery is safe, easy to install, consistently reliable, and highly efficient. It provides you the lowest lifetime energy cost.

This installation manual contains information concerning important procedures and features of Fortress Power Lithium batteries. Read all the instructions in this manual before installation, operation, transportation, storage and maintenance.

FORTRESS EVAULT 18.5 kWh LITHIUM BATTERY INSTALLATION MANUAL

SECURE YOUR ENERGY WITH FORTRESS LITHIUM BATTERY SYSTEMS

mailto:sales@fortresspower.com

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

1. SAFETY _______________________________________________________________________________ 4

1.1 General safety precautions _____________________________________________________________________ 4

2. TRANSPORTATION, HANDELING AND STORAGE _______________________________________________ 5

2.1 Transportation and Handling ___________________________________________________________________ 5

2.2 Storage _____________________________________________________________________________________ 5

2.3 Response to emergency situations _______________________________________________________________ 6

3. PRODUCT INTRODUCTION ________________________________________________________________ 7

3.1 Technical data _______________________________________________________________________________ 7

4. INSTALLATION __________________________________________________________________________ 7

4.1 Tools & Materials _____________________________________________________________________________ 8

4.2 Inspection before Installation ___________________________________________________________________ 8

4.3 Installation Location __________________________________________________________________________ 9

4.4 Installation Steps _____________________________________________________________________________ 9

4.4.1. Mounting and securing the battery ____________________________________________________________________ 9

4.4.2. Mounting the battery pack to a wall ___________________________________________________________________ 9

4.4.3 Connecting the battery to the Charge Controller and/or Hybrid Inverter _______________________________________ 10

4.4.3 Using RS485 and CAN Communication Port _____________________________________________________________ 11

4.4.4 Grounding _______________________________________________________________________________________ 11

4.4.5 System Commission ________________________________________________________________________________ 12

4.4.6 Parallel Connection ________________________________________________________________________________ 12

4.6 LCD Screen and Alarm Warning ________________________________________________________________ 15

4.7 Final Connection of the Installation _____________________________________________________________ 16

4.8 Turn off the Unit ____________________________________________________________________________ 16

5 RETROFITTING _________________________________________________________________________ 16

6 OPERATING ___________________________________________________________________________ 17

6.1 Operating Environment _______________________________________________________________________ 17

6.2 Charging ___________________________________________________________________________________ 17

6.2.1 Charging the battery: _______________________________________________________________________________ 17

6.3 Discharging_________________________________________________________________________________ 17

6.4 Parameter set up guide in Charger/Inverter _______________________________________________________ 17

7. DIAGNOSTIC GUIDE ____________________________________________________________________ 18

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

8. TROUBLESHOOTING ____________________________________________________________________ 19

8.1 General Symptom-Solution Situations ___________________________________________________________ 19

8.2 LCD Display Warnings ________________________________________________________________________ 20

8.3 Fundamental Troubleshooting Guide ____________________________________________________________ 21

Appendix _______________________________________________________________________________ 23

Sizing Quick Guide ______________________________________________________________________________ 23

Inverter-Battery Sizing Chart ______________________________________________________________________ 24

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

1. SAFETY

1.1 General safety precautions

❖ All types of breakdown of the product may lead to a leakage of electrolyte or flammable gas.

❖ During installation of the battery, the utility grid, solar input must be disconnected from the Battery Pack wiring. Wiring must be carried out by qualified personnel.

Battery Pack is not user serviceable. High voltage or current is present in the device.

The electronics inside the Battery Pack are vulnerable to electrostatic discharge.

Observe the following precautions:

❖ Risks of explosion

➢ Do not subject the battery pack to strong impacts.

➢ Do not crush or puncture the battery pack.

➢ Do not dispose of the battery pack in a fire.

❖ Risks of fire

➢ Do not expose the battery pack to temperatures in excess of 122 ℉.

➢ Do not place the battery pack near a heat source such as a fireplace.

➢ Do not expose the battery pack to direct sunlight.

➢ Do not allow the battery connectors to touch conductive objects such as wires.

❖ Risks of electric shock

➢ Do not disassemble the battery pack

➢ Do not touch the battery pack with wet hands

➢ Do not expose the battery pack to moisture or liquids

➢ Keep the battery pack away from children and animals.

❖ Risks of damage to the battery pack

➢ Do not allow the battery pack to come into contact with liquids.

➢ Do not subject the battery pack to high pressures.

➢ Do not place any objects on top of the battery pack.

IMPORTANT NOTE: Circuit Breakers, Disconnects and Fuses should be employed throughout several points of a power storage and generation installation to effectively isolate and protect all components of the system to safeguard against faults, short circuits, polarity reversals or a failure of any component in the overall system. Fuses, breakers, wiring ratings and values should be determined by established standards and evaluated by certified electricians, licensed installers, and regional code authorities. The Fortress Lithium Batteries must always be installed with a charge controller and the appropriate settings to protect the batteries from open PV voltage and other high voltage charging

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com sources. The Fortress Battery Management System (BMS) alone will not protect the batteries from these extreme electrical phenomena. Failure to adhere to installation protocol will void the Warranty.

CAUTION! Verify polarity at all connections with a standard voltmeter before energizing the system. Reverse polarity at the battery terminals will void the Warranty and destroy the batteries. Do not short circuit the batteries.

Most batteries pose some risk of shock or sparking during the installation and initial wiring and connection process. Wearing insulated gloves, clothing and footwear and using electrically insulated tools are required when working with Fortress Power Lithium Batteries. Cover, restrain or remove jewelry or conductive objects (metal bracelets, rings, belt buckles, metal snaps, zippers, etc.) when working with any electrical or mechanical device. Cover or restrain long hair and loose clothing when working with any electrical or mechanical device.

CAUTION! Do not combine Fortress Lithium Batteries with other brands or chemistries;

Do not mix Fortress Lithium Batteries from different installations, clients, or job sites.

CAUTION! Do not disassemble or modify the battery. If the battery housing is damaged, do not touch exposed contents.

2. TRANSPORTATION, HANDELING AND STORAGE

2.1 Transportation and Handling

Do not knock, drop, puncture, or crush the battery; Do not expose battery to flames, incinerate or direct sunlight; Do not open battery case or disassemble the battery; Do not lift battery by the terminal cables;

Do not vibrate battery; Do not expose battery to water or other fluids; Do not expose battery to open flame; Do not place the product nearby highly flammable materials, it may lead to fire or explosion in case of accident; Store at cool and dry place. (Do not store in greenhouses and storage areas for hay, straw, chaff, animal feed, fertilizers, vegetables or fruit products; Store the product on a flat surface; A ventilated area is strongly recommended for handling the product; Store the product out of reach of children and animals; Store the product where it should be minimal dust and dirt in the area; do not transport battery upside down;

2.2 Storage

Do not expose battery to high temperatures. Fortress Lithium Batteries should be stored out of direct sunlight under the following temperature conditions.

Storage Temperature (Min./Max.): 41°F/5°C – 95°F/35°C

Relative Humidity (Min./Max.): 5%~75% RH

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

Systems should be put into storage at 60% SOC and checked monthly to ensure the system SOC does not fall below 20%. At 20% SOC the battery will self-discharge in approximately 2 months. Also check the voltage every 3 months and recycle every 6 months if the battery is not use for long time.

2.3 Response to emergency situations

The battery pack comprises multiple batteries that are designed to prevent hazards resulting from failures. However, Fortress Power cannot guarantee their absolute safety.

❖ Leaking Batteries

❖ If the battery pack leaks electrolyte, avoid contact with the leaking liquid or gas. If one is exposed to the leaked substance, immediately perform the actions described below.

➢ Inhalation: Evacuate the contaminated area and seek medical attention.

➢ Contact with eyes: Rinse eyes with flowing water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention

➢ Contact with skin: Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water, and seek medical attention

➢ Ingestion: Induce vomiting, and seek medical attention

❖ Fire

➢ In case of fires, make sure that the extinguisher is available near the battery pack. If possible, move the battery pack to a safe area before it catches fire.

Note: Fire extinguisher

➢ Water, carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder and foam are the most effective means to

➢ extinguish a Lithium Ferrous Phosphate (LFP) battery fire

➢ Use ABC Fire extinguisher, if the fire is not from battery and not spread to it yet.

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

3. PRODUCT INTRODUCTION

3.1 Technical data

Model eVault 18.5

Total Energy(kWh) 18.5

Recommend Charge Current 100

Max. Charge Current (Continuous) [A] 170

Max. Discharge Current Continuous) [A] 180

Max Pulse Current for 10sec [A] 200

Capacity [Ah] 360

Voltage [V] 51.2 (48)

Charging Temperature [F] 32~113

Discharging Temperature [F] 32~140

Dimension [WxDxH] in Inch 19.2x21.3x38.8

Packaging Dimension in Inch 45x24x31

Connection Terminal M8

Weight [Lb] 476

Enclosure Protection Rating IP21 (indoor unit)

Scalability Up to 12

High Current Circuit Breaker 250 A

Battery Efficiency >98%

4. INSTALLATION

Safe and reliable installation requires trained and certified technicians. The following discussion of

Fortress Power Battery configurations is a basic primer. Due to the variety of systems and components in the field, all possible scenarios are not covered. This is not the purpose of this section of the manual.

Refer to professional installers regarding your system and its components and specifications. We encourage you or your installer to contact us with any specific questions for technical support. We are committed to working with you and your installation team to achieve a safe, reliable storage system that will provide years of maintenance free service.

Fortress Lithium Batteries are designed for parallel operation only - do not arrange in series for increased voltage. Series arrangement can result in damage to Fortress

Lithium Batteries and will void warranty!

Do not combine Fortress Power Battery with other brands or chemistries. Do not mix different capacity batteries, do not mix batteries from different installations, or job site.

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

4.1 Tools & Materials

❖ The following insulated tools and materials are required:

➢ Positive and negative battery cables. We recommend copper cables AWG 4/0 . The battery cables are not included. Please refer to the published Battery Cable Sizing Chart for the proper size, based on your system specification.

➢ Positive and Negative Terminal luge recommendation: M8 (diameter: 8mm or 5/16in)

➢ Conduit size recommendation: 3/4, 1& 1 ¼ inch

➢ Screwdriver

➢ Communication Bus Terminator: to Match Impedances during parallel setup

➢ RS 485 cable & Wall Mount Brackets

➢ RECOMMENDED: Small 48V Charger for trickle-charge purposes

➢ OHSA approved personal protective equipment

4.2 Inspection before Installation

✓ Check the battery package, type, quantity, appearance and other components

✓ Check if there is any damage on the battery box

✓ Check the battery terminals and connections to make sure they are clean, free of dirt, fluids and corrosion

✓ All battery cables and their connections should be tight, intact, and NOT broken or frayed

✓ Check torque on terminal bolts

✓ Replace any damaged batteries and cables

IMPORTANT NOTE: Please inform us of any problems within 7 days of receipt of goods.

Otherwise, we deem that clients have no objection to the goods.

Insulated gloves Safety Glasses Safety Shoes Bus Terminator

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

4.3 Installation Location

The battery pack must be installed indoors. Make sure that the installation location meets the following conditions:

✓ The area is completely waterproof.

✓ The floor is flat and level (Inclination < 15°).

✓ There are no flammable or explosive materials.

✓ The optimal ambient temperature is within the range from 59 ℉ to 95 ℉.

✓ The temperature and humidity are maintained at a constant level.

✓ There is minimal dust and dirt in the area.

IMPORTANT NOTE: If the ambient temperature is outside the operating range, the battery pack may stop operating to protect itself. Frequent exposure to harsh temperatures may deteriorate the performance and life of the battery pack.

4.4 Installation Steps

4.4.1. Mounting and securing the battery

The Fortress eVault 18.5 is designed to stand on the floor with the 4 adjustable support legs on the bottom. The wheels are provided for serviceability only. We recommend using the wall mount attachment in high seismic areas. Please refer to the Fortress Lithium Battery Data

Sheet for weight and dimension.

4.4.2. Mounting the battery pack to a wall

1. Fasten the screws through the mounting brackets into the holes of the battery pack on its both sides.

2. Secure the mounting brackets to the wall with screws. Make sure to leave a space of at last 2.18 inches in between the battery pack and the wall.

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

4.4.3 Connecting the battery to the Charge Controller and/or Hybrid Inverter

The battery terminals are positioned under the top cover. Please use the screw driver to take the screws along the top cover off.

Please make sure the breaker near the terminal is in the OFF position. Please install the positive cable first and the negative cable second. Please do not cross the positive and negative terminals; also, ensure the terminals are not connected to any metal mounting, fixture, or body part. Recommended terminal torque is 7.0 – 7.7 Nm (5.1 – 5.7 ft-lb)

The Fortress Lithium Batteries are equipped with two M8 threaded terminals with a lock washer and nut. The right-hand stud resides in a red high temperature molded insert. This connection is for the positive lead. The left-hand stud resides in a black high temperature insert. This connection is for the negative lead. 8mm ring terminals along with proper size wiring cables are required to connect battery to inverter/charger. Do not reverse polarity, doing so will void warranty. Use a voltmeter to check polarity before connecting terminals.

Top View

Front view Side view Back view

M8 Terminal

Dimensions are in mm

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

NOTE! Without exception, products experiencing terminal burn out will not covered under the warranty.

The knockouts are positioned on each site of the battery. The knockouts have 3 dimensions available: 3/4, 1& 1 ¼ inch.

4.4.3 Using RS485 and CAN Communication Port

Fortress eVault 18.5 has a self-managed Battery Management System (BMS). No communication is required between a battery-based inverter and the eVault 18.5 to operate the system.

The unit has two ports next to the battery breaker(refer to the Top View picture, page 9). Both ports are designed to support RS 485 and CAN communication.

These ports are primarily used in parallel setup (see section 4.4.6.)

These ports also support MODBUS communication. Please consult with Fortress Technical

Support for further assistance

CAUTION! Please check with Fortress Power to see if you can use the CAN comm. port to connect the battery to your charge controller or battery-based inverter.

4.4.4 Grounding

Grounding the battery, if necessary. Fortress eVault 18.5 has 4 grounding holes on the bottom of battery case.

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

4.4.5 System Commission

If you’re only installing (x1) eVault 18.5, please follow the below steps to start up the system.

1. Check system connection cables for correct polarity.

2. Put the battery’s 250A breaker on the “ON” position.

3. Put inverter breaker in the “ON” position.

4. Push the power button on the front of the unit for 8+ seconds to turn on the LCD display.

If you install multiple inverters with one or more eVault 18.5, please turn the first

Inverter on by following the abovementioned steps, then power up the remaining inverters.

4.4.6 Parallel Connection

Fortress Lithium Batteries with the same capacity may be connected in parallel for up to 12 units only. All wires should be an appropriate gauge and constructed to handle the loads that will be placed upon it. Heavy gauge, high strand copper wire is the industry standard due to its stability, efficiency and overall quality. A qualified installer should understand this and must adhere to the industry standard and published electrical guidelines.

CAUTION! Fortress Lithium Batteries are designed for parallel operation only - do not arrange in series for increased voltage. Series arrangement can result in damage to

Fortress Lithium Batteries and will void warranty!

The Storage Capacity and total available Amperage are increased by the parallel arrangement. The following illustration shows how to connect multiple batteries in parallel. Please note the overall Voltage is not changed. The available Amperage from the system has been doubled.

CAUTION! For parallel connecting: Maintain identical wire length and wire construction from each Fortress Power Battery terminal to the common bus. If you parallel more than 4 units, a battery combiner is highly recommended.

Parallel wiring

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

Please follow the procedure to parallel eVault batteries

1. Prepare communication cable. Each unit comes with one RJ45 cable. If the cable is missing, please make sure the cable you purchase on the market meets the following standards. Please note that a standard RS485 cable is used.

P1 wire color P2 wire color

P1-1 Orange white CANH1 P2-1 Orange white

P1-2 Orange CANL1 P2-2 Orange

P1-3 Green white RS485_A P2-3 Green white

P1-4 Blue NC P2-4 Blue

P1-5 Blue white RS485_B P2-5 Blue white

P1-6 Green ISOGND P2-6 Green

P1-7 Brown white RX P2-7 Brown white

P1-8 Brown TX P2-8 Brown

1. Confirm the Battery DC circuit breaker is in the “OFF” position.

2. Check all Battery voltages. Please make sure the voltage difference between the highest voltage and lowest voltage is less than 0.5 volts. The batteries will not be connected to the system if the voltage difference is over 0.5 volts. If the voltage gap is greater than 0.5V, please charge the individual batteries with low voltage first.

CAUTION! If the batteries are paralleled with 1 volt or greater difference there can be significant damage to battery internal electronics.

3. Set each battery to “slave” through the touch screen before you start to wire the battery/communication cables. The eVault default setting is “Master” mode. Click “M-

Set” and set each individual battery to “Slave” as shown below.

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

4. Next, set up the Parallel Number based on how many batteries you connect in parallel. For example, if you parallel 3 batteries in total, please set the ParallelNum of ALL

UNITS to “3”.

Note: If the eVaults are working as standalone/master, set “ParallelNum” = 1 for every battery (default);

5. Turn off all eVault units

6. Use the CAT5 cables to connect the batteries, as illustrated in the diagram below.

Place bus terminator at the FIRST and LAST unit’s empty port.

7. Turn on all eVault units

8. Set the first eVault (Battery 1) as “Master” using the M-set button, as previously shown. The master battery will automatically communicate with the slave units.

9. Wire the battery cables and connect them to positive and negative common bus respectively as described in the page 10.

CAUTION! For parallel connecting: Maintain identical wire lengths and wire construction from each Fortress Power Battery terminal to the common bus.

CAUTION! For connecting multiple units: Maintain the recommended distance among units -at least 5inches (12mm).

10. Connect the positive and negative common bus to the inverter.

11. Put the battery breaker into “ON” Position

12. Put the inverter breaker into “ON” Position

Note: If the inverter does not power up and voltage at the battery busbar drops to ~ 0-

10V, the BMS has entered protection mode due to a detected overcurrent. This is especially common if cold-starting new inverters. There is a built-in pre-charge circuit including a 100Ω resistor in the eVault, activated during the first ~10sec after powering-up. To fix this issue, power down the whole system. Then, in quick succession, power up the individual battery

BMSs, then repeat steps 11 and 12. If you are paralleling multiple inverters, start with turning on just one to minimize the inrush current.

Battery 1 Battery 2 Battery N-1 Battery N

Bus terminator

Bus terminator

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

CAUTION! Paralleling the eVault 18.5 batteries without connecting them via RJ45 cable(s), please make sure the difference between the highest voltage and lowest voltage does not exceed 0.5 volts. A large current flow from the higher voltage battery to the lower voltage battery could potentially damage one or both batteries. Resulting damage to the battery will void the warranty.

CAUTION! Verify polarity at all connections with a standard voltmeter before energizing the system. Reverse polarity at the battery terminals will void the Warranty and destroy the batteries. Do not short circuit the batteries.

4.6 LCD Screen and Alarm Warning

The LCD display on the front of eVault provides Battery Voltage (V), Charging and Discharging

Current (A), State of Charge (SOC), as well as Charging and Discharging Power Output (KW).

Please note, when the battery is charging, the Current (A) will show negative value; while during the discharging the Current (A) is positive.

The green light (RUN) indicates system is running properly.

The red alarm light (ALARM) will turn on, if the battery experiences one of those scenarios: High voltage (HV);

Low voltage (LV); HT (High Temperature): LT (Low

Temperature); Open Circuit (OC) and Short Circuit (SC).

KEY POINTS SUMMARY:

1. Each Fortress Lithium Battery contains circuitry that protects the Lithium Ferro Phosphate cells from overcharging, over-discharging, and excessive load amperage. If the values specified are exceeded, the battery will enter a protective shut down state. In some cases, this may result in the need to re-initialize an inverter charger or other pieces of equipment in the installation. In other cases, the inverter’s system settings may be saved within the inverter memory storage and will not need to be reset. This is not an absolute standard but is common among most inverter chargers. Check your inverter manufacturer specifications.

2. If the battery enters a self-protective mode, negligible voltage readings will be present until the unit is reset. In some instances, after a prolonged shut down, a charge might need to be manually applied

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com to the energy storage bank. Should this occur, please contact Fortress Power for technical support.

Fortress Lithium Batteries are designed to remain robust and safe under most circumstances.

3. Although each Fortress Lithium Battery contains circuitry that protects the Lithium Ferro Phosphate cells from overcharging, over-discharging and excessive load amperage, Fortress Lithium Batteries must always be installed with a charge controller and the appropriate settings to protect the batteries from open PV and other high voltage sources. Fortress Lithium Batteries alone will not protect from extreme electrical phenomena.

4. GRID TIED SYSTEMS: Once the Fortress Lithium Battery has been installed, turn on the entire system to test. Once testing has been completed, please disconnect the batteries from the load center until your local Utility Inspector is ready to turn on the entire system. The charge controllers and inverter monitoring systems can drain the Fortress Lithium Batteries over an extended period when the entire system is not fully operational due to the electrical draw of the system components.

5. OFF GRID SYSTEMS: Do not connect the Fortress Lithium Batteries until the entire system is ready to turn on and is fully operational.

6. See Charge Controller Settings in the Appendix of this manual. Fortress Lithium Batteries are compatible with almost all Inverter Chargers and Charge Controllers. Please contact Fortress Power to learn the recommended settings for any device not explicitly covered in this manual.

4.7 Final Connection of the Installation

Final installation and operation guidelines will be dictated by your Electrician and Installer based on the overall properties of and procedures for the equipment in your installation and any code requirements that apply to your region. Fortress Power technicians and sales staff are available to provide any additional information on the Fortress Lithium Batteries as needed. Please be aware of the potential electrical hazards before interacting with any and all electrical or mechanical devices.

Please take all necessary safety precautions in your projects and installations.

4.8 Turn off the Unit

If you need to turn off the unit, please push the button for 8 seconds.

5 RETROFITTING

Retrofit Fortress Lithium batteries to an existing system is not recommended. Like all other batteries, Fortress Lithium Battery’s open voltage will diminish during the operation. Parallel batteries with different open voltage may cause reverse currents, which could damage the batteries.

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

6 OPERATING

6.1 Operating Environment

See “3.1 Technical Data” Table on page 5

6.2 Charging

Never attempt to charge a battery without first reviewing and understanding the instructions for the charger being used. Only use a Fortress Power Approved Lithium Ferro Phosphate (LFP) charger if ancillary charging is required before installation, testing or troubleshooting. Failure to use a

Fortress Power approved LFP charger will damage the battery and void the warranty

CAUTION! Do not attempt to charge the battery below 32 degrees F (0 degrees C).

Attempts to charge at subfreezing temperatures can adversely affect State of Health

(SOC) and cycle life and will void the warranty; never charge battery if it is frozen; never charge a visibly damaged battery.

6.2.1 Charging the battery:

1. Connect the charger leads to the battery.

2. Make sure that the charger lead, both at the charger and the battery side, connections are tight.

3. Turn the charger on.

CAUTION! Recommended charging current is 80A, Max. 170A (Please follow the specification on Fortress Lithium Battery Datasheet.)

6.3 Discharging

✓ Do not discharge battery below operating voltage.

✓ Do not discharge battery at rates greater than maximum continuous current.

✓ Do not operate in conditions that will exceed the internal operating temperatures of the battery.

6.4 Parameter set up guide in Charger/Inverter

Before commissioning the energy storage system, the appropriate controller and inverter settings must be programmed per the manufacturer’s recommendations. Consult the manufacturer’s manuals and/or access technical support (Darfon, Schneider, Outback, SMA, Sol-Ark, Magnum, Outback).

Although Fortress Lithium batteries can perform at very high rates and depths of discharge within a very wide temperature range, in order to achieve extended life cycles and to comply with the Warranty, the following guidelines should be followed:

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

Understand Charge Stage

1. Bulk Charge: Charge at Constant

Current (CC) to Bulk/Absorb Voltage

2. Absorption Charge: Maintain

Constant Bulk/Absorb Voltage (CV)

3. Terminate when charge current drops below 0.05C

4. Unlike Lead Acid batteries, Lithium

Ferro Phosphate batteries do not require Float Charge

Charger/Inverter configuration recommendation for best Performance:

The Battery Parameter Setting Guides with SMA, Sol-Ark, Schneider and Outback Inverters/Chargers are available to download on www.fortresspower.com/Resource

Recommended operating parameters of charger/Inverters For 3,000 Cycles:

• Operating temperature range: 32 F to 120 F (0 °C to 49°C)

Recommended operating parameters of charger/Inverters For 6,000 Cycles:

• Operating temperature range: 50 F to 110 F (10°C to 43°C)

• Storage must be equal to or more than twice the rated output of the Inverter

At the End of Cycle Life capacity is Equivalent to 70% Retained Capacity

CAUTION! Do Not Operate Fortress Lithium Batteries at an average temperature exceeding 30 °C / 86 °F over the life of the battery.

7. DIAGNOSTIC GUIDE

The smart eVault BMS provides multiple level protection function:

✓ Over Charge Voltage Protection

✓ Over Discharge Protection

✓ Over Current Protection for Discharge Via Thermal Control

✓ Short Circuit Protection

✓ ON/OFF Switch

✓ In the event of a fault the battery protection circuit will open its internal relays disconnecting the negative battery terminals form the internal cells. The battery uses relays and precautions should be taken to reduce voltage spikes and large inductance in the application.

http://www.fortresspower.com/Resourced

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

Over Voltage Fault 59.2±0.4V

Over Voltage Recovery 56.8±0.4V

Low Voltage Fault 43.2±0.4V

Low Voltage Recovery 44.8±0.4V

When an Incident occurs or an alarm light is on, please follow this guide as the initial step in the troubleshooting process.

1. Please isolate the battery:

a. Turn OFF main Air Breaker on top of the battery

b. Remove all external power sources to/from battery

2. Make sure Battery Voltage is consistent with LCD Display:

a. Turn ON main Air Breaker on top of the battery

b. Use an available Multimeter to measure the voltage at top of the terminals

i. If consistent with LCD Display, please measure the voltage of each battery cell

• Please see Restart BMS by pushing the POWER Button for at least 10s

• If Alarm Light persists, see “Measure Cell Voltages Manual” in order to remove the back case of the unit and measure each of its cell voltages

ii. If inconsistent, please use the BMS Adapter Cable along with BMS Tool Software

• Once the BMS Tool Software is running, check what Alarm is currently active

• Follow “Troubleshooting Manual”

3. If Problem persists, please contact Fortress Power Tech Support

a. TechSupport@FortressPower.com

b. (267) – 684 – 6509

8. TROUBLESHOOTING

8.1 General Symptom-Solution Situations

Symptom Solution

Unit voltage at terminals is extremely low or is bleeding down (steep decline)

Unit’s BMS is in Protection Mode.

1. The BMS cut off the circuit because it detected overcurrent/temperature, etc. Turn off the battery and re-start once the issue has been addressed. Please contact tech-support for guidance.

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

2. Use a 48V charger to trickle charge the battery in order activate the BMS

Unit can charge/discharge healthily but amperage on

LCD Display is not accurate

Check amperage on cable with a Clamp Sensor. If consistent with inverter, but not battery, use the BMS-to-Computer Adapter Cable in conjunction with the BMS Tool on a Windows

Computer to check BMS Vitals and diagnose situation. If nothing is seen, BMS Tray may need to be taken out. Inspect Main BMS Module for improper solders or burns. Replace if necessary. Contact Fortress Power Tech Support.

“ALARM” LED Light is on but unit still functions

Check Inverter Settings. Use the BMS-to-Computer Adapter Cable in conjunction with the

BMS Tool on a Windows Computer to check BMS Vitals and diagnose situation. Follow the below chart (Section 8.2) for solution

“ALARM” LED Light is on but unit cannot function

Try to turn on unit by holding the Power Button. Use the BMS-to-Computer Adapter Cable in conjunction with the BMS Tool on a Windows Computer to check BMS Vitals and diagnose situation. Follow the below chart for solution. Follow the below chart (Section

8.2) for solution

If cells are imbalanced

(upon checking with the

BMS Tool)

Open Back case and check harness connections are connected properly. Make sure all connections have “Black” wires on the left side (regardless of orientation) and “Red” on the right side. Check voltages of each cell (See “Measure Cell Voltages Manual”)

LCD Display went Dark LCD Display will automatically go dark after 60 seconds of inactivity to preserve energy consumption. If problem persists, open front case and check LCD Display connections.

Whole system (Inverter and Battery) shut off

Check Breaker to see if tripped. Set Breaker to “Off” then turn back to “On”. Reset Battery

BMS. Try to restart battery by holding down the Power Button. If problem persists, use the

BMS-to-Computer Adapter Cable in conjunction with the BMS Tool on a Windows

Computer to check BMS Vitals and diagnose situation.

8.2 LCD Display Warnings

Error Meaning over high voltage protection over low voltage protection

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

Discharge over-temp protection, charge over-temp protection, environmental over-temp protection

Discharge low-temp protection, charging low-temp protection, environmental low-temp protection

Discharge over current protection, charge over current protection

Short circuit protection

8.3 Fundamental Troubleshooting Guide

Running state Status RUN ALM Display Solution

Normal ● - - -

Charge

Total overvoltage alarm ● - stop charge

Total overvoltage protection

● ● stop charge, start discharge cell over-voltage alarm ● - - stop charge cell over-voltage protection ● ● - stop charge over current alarm ● - lower the power used over current protection ● ● Disconnect the battery and turn it on after lowering the power

Discharge total low-voltage alarm ● - start charging total low-voltage protection ● ● charging activation cell low-voltage alarm ● - - start charging cell low-voltage protection ● ● - charging activation over current alarm ● - lower the power used over current protection ● ●

Disconnect the battery, stop using the battery, and reset BMS once within a safe range

Temperature charge over-temperature alarm reduce the environment temperature, lower the power used

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com charge over-temperature protection

Disconnect the battery, stop using the battery, and reset BMS once within a safe range charge low-temperature alarm

● - reduce the environment temperature charge low-temperature protection

Disconnect the battery, stop using the battery, and reset BMS once within a safe range discharge over-temperature alarm reduce the environment temperature discharge over-temperature protection

Disconnect the battery, stop using the battery, and reset BMS once within a safe range discharge low-temperature alarm

● - improve the environment temperature discharge low-temperature protection

Disconnect the battery, stop using the battery, and reset BMS once within a safe range environment over temperature alarm

● - reduce the environment temperature environment over temperature protection

● ● reduce the environment temperature environment low temperature alarm

● - improve the environment temperature environment low temperature protection

● ● improve the environment temperature

PLEASE CONTACT US FOR TECHNICAL SUPPORT

Fortress Power, LLC 505 Keystone Road, Southampton, Pennsylvania, 18966 877.497.6937 sales@fortresspower.com www.FortressPower.com http://www.fortresspower.com/

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

Appendix

Sizing Quick Guide

Proper system sizing is vital to the health and proper operation of your battery. Using an inverter with a charging rate too close to the maximum recommended charge rate of the battery can cause the battery to malfunction due to safety mechanisms.

Therefore, it is important to size the number of batteries correctly, depending on the power of the inverter. The table below lists some common inverters and the minimum number of batteries necessary to avoid malfunction.

Furthermore, it is necessary to remember the contribution of

MPPT solar charge controllers to charging current when designing a system. The max charge current of the batteries must be greater than or equal to the sum of max charge output of the inverter and the MPPT charge controller. Or, An example is proposed to illustrate the matter. Consider a

Schneider XW+ 6848, which has a max charge rating of 120A and one MPPT charge controller capable of charging at 60A. In addition, assume 3 x Fortress Power eFlex batteries connected in parallel, which are recommended to be charged at 55A or less.

If we follow the equation above and sum the values we have, we get

55𝐴 + 55𝐴 + 55𝐴 ≥ 120𝐴 + 60𝐴 or 165𝐴 ≥ 180𝐴

Therefore, the potential charging current exceeds the maximum charge current of the 3 parallel batteries. In this scenario the 3 x eFlex batteries are not sufficient to handle the full charging power of the inverter and the charge controller at the same time. To remedy this situation it is necessary to either add a fourth eFlex battery in parallel. If four batteries is not an option, please contact Fortress Power tech support for help sizing the system.

eFlex 5.4

51.2Vnom

MS 4448 2

MS 4048 2

Radian 8048A 4

Radian 4048A 2

SkyBox SBX

VFXR 3648A 2

FXR 3048A 2

Sunny Island

Sunny Island

XW Pro 6848 3

XW+ 6848 3

XW+ 5548 3

SW 4048 2

SP PRO SPMC

481- AU

SP PRO SPMC

482- AU

8K 4

12K 4

Quattro 48/3000/35

Quattro 48/5000/70

Quattro 48/10000/140

Quattro 48/15000/200

Selectronic

Sol-Ark

Victron Energy

Magnum / Sensata

OutBack Power

SMA

Schneider Electric

Inverter

505 Keystone Rd, Southampton, PA 18966, USA . (877) 497 6937. sales@fortresspower.com . www.fortresspower.com

Inverter-Battery Sizing Chart

Minimum number of batteries per inverter based on rated power output: