Attachment 2f - 2024 Elevator Assessment - REDACTED_Redacted.pdf

BEP DCF Elevator Assessment August 23, 2024 Final Report

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A. SCOPE

B. GENERAL – EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

C. OPTIONS AND BUDGET

D. COST ANALYSIS

SECTION II EQUIPMENT REVIEW

A. SURVEY OBSERVATIONS

B. ELEVATOR DATA

1. Cab Interiors

2. Pits

3. Machine Rooms

4. Hoistways

5. Outside Hoistways (Entrances, Landings, Access)

6. Fire Alarm/Fire Suppression/Fire

Emergency Operation

7. SCADA System

C. CONDITION OF EQUIPMENT

D. MACHINE ROOM, HOISTWAY AND PIT

CONDITIONS (Work by trades other than Division 14 Contractor)

E. PERFORMANCE

SECTION III ACCESSIBILITY

A. SCOPE

B. FINDINGS

ATTACHMENT DETAILED ROM COST ESTIMATE

RIDE QUALITY GRAPHS

• National Fire Protection Association (NFPA 92) Standard for Smoke Control Systems

• American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME A17) Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators.

• Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Standards for Accessible Design

• Bureau of Engraving and Printing, EHS Contractor Requirements 75D-07.0-04.

• National Elevator Industry, Inc. NEII-1 – 2013

Details of specific elevator equipment are outlined in SECTION II of the report.

Photographs for each specific area (cab, machine room, pit, etc.) in SECTION II are listed after their respective descriptive paragraphs. The elevator equipment, machine room access and hoistways have areas that must be addressed for code compliance, i.e., machine room humidity and temperature control, sprinkler, Firefighters’ Service operation, as well as obsolescence, etc.

Notable Observations

• Elevators 3-8 do not have compliant machine room access

• Elevator machine rooms do not have dedicated temperature and humidity controls

• Passenger elevators have original machines with DC motors

• Elevator controls throughout the facility are nearing end of life

• Elevator 19 is the only elevator in the scope of work that is completely original

(controls, machine, cab, etc.) – 1930s installation based on code year

• All of the upgraded elevators have MCE controls with SCR drives

• Significant cab interior finish wear

• Mixed finishes throughout elevator systems (stainless-steel and bronze)

• Signage in altered high-capacity elevators indicates C2 loading but elevators are

C1 loading

• Upgraded elevators have emergency brakes but do not have 48” car aprons

• Low lighting levels in pits, elevator lobbies, hoistways, and some machine rooms

• Elevator 19 does not have dedicated, enclosed machine room

• Non-elevator related piping, ductwork, wiring throughout multiple machine rooms and hoistways

• Hollow clay tile hoistway wall construction. Damaged tiles in various locations

• Significant bowing of hoistway wall (hollow clay tiles) in elevator 18 hoistway.

• SCADA connectivity has failed for all the elevators within the scope of the study.

Passenger Elevator Performance Summary

The elevators were operating at a combined 85.0% (average) relative elevator motion control efficiency. Elevator efficiency rating is explained further in the section below under E. PERFORMANCE. The elevators have average performance ratings for elevators of this type and operation.

Well-adjusted elevators with premium maintenance should operate in the 80-90% range for motion control efficiency. A majority of the elevators were in this range, with half of the passenger elevators approaching the 90% efficiency rating. Elevator 4 was the lowest performing elevator at 79.4% efficiency.

Elevator speeds were within the standard 10% variance in the up and down directions.

Acceleration and deceleration should be adjusted to the standards listed.

Floor to floor times do not meet the standard and should be adjusted.

The elevators have door open times and door close times longer than the NEII industry standards. Building management should be consulted before setting times since building conditions and special passenger needs should be taken into consideration. If times are decreased, closer to industry standards, the overall efficiency of the elevators will significantly increase.

Accessibility Summary

Elevators 22, 24, 26, and 31 have hall call dwell times and car call dwell times that do not have the minimum access times and need their times increased. The running clearances (distance between car sill and hoistway sill) exceed 1-¼" for several elevators at various floors.

See comments in SECTION III for more details for the passenger elevators. Freight elevators do not have to comply with ABA requirements.

Maintenance Summary The overall elevator maintenance of the facility is excellent. Many of the components in the elevator systems have exceeded their normal life expectancy and are operating at top levels. Despite the age of the existing equipment and the continual heavy traffic on the elevator systems, these elevators are performing excellently for their age. The elevator hoistways, pits and machine rooms were neat and tidy. Aging bearings and leaking machines are clean and preventative measures have been taken to keep the equipment clean. The elevator maintenance contractor was knowledgeable, helpful and cooperative during the course of our week-long survey.

More detailed information is in SECTION II and SECTION III of this report for all items listed above and other items are also detailed in those sections.

C. OPTIONS AND BUDGET

The building needs safe, dependable and efficient elevator performance available from modern controls, updated Firefighters’ Service, and automatic operation features.

Adopting certain life safety features that have become code items since the original installations would also bring the elevators to an improved era of code compliance.

Typical traction geared machines have a life cycle of approximately 25-50 years. Typical traction gearless machines of this vintage have a life cycle of approximately 50-75 years.

These elevators have served their useful life.

The options presented below were categorized into four elevator categories and two support categories. The four elevator options were broken into four categories; The first three include the minimum alterations to be completed, the recommended alterations to be completed, and a complete alteration within the exceptions noted for each option.

These cover the upgrade of the elevators and all connections to the elevators, including fire alarm, electric service, and SCADA monitoring. The fourth option, indicated as Option 6, is only to address the freight elevator door controls to provide an immediate safety improvement to the operation of those doors. At the request of BEP, this has been broken out as a separate option. If these four options are not implemented, it is suggested that freight elevator operators be deployed for manual operation of the cabs, to improve safety. Note that Freight elevators are not to be used by regular passengers, regardless of implementing Option 6 or having full time operators. Only trained freight elevator operators and freight handlers should be using those elevators.

The support options are estimates to correct supporting items deficiencies noted in the report. The first option is covering supporting MEP systems upgrades and possible ACM abatement required to comply with code. This would include adding supplemental HVAC units dedicated to the machine rooms, sprinkler adjustments required, proper lighting at landings, machine rooms and hoistways to meet required lighting levels, or proper receptacles in hoistways and pits. The second option covers much larger compliance issues found. These are existing conditions which could be worked around, but are identified since they are not currently code compliant. The ROM cost estimate for these modifications requires more in depth investigation than the scope of this study and estimated costs are truly rough assumptions. The true magnitude of work involved requires specific investigation and would require design charrettes, NCPC/CFA review, SHPO coordination, structural analysis and space planning to offer viable solutions to the issues found. These include items such as relocating, creating new, or modifying machine rooms for overhead access, clearances, and proper facility personnel access, analyzing structural issues noted within shafts, and creating required sumps within hoistway pits.

Below are terms and definitions for the references used in the below options.

From the International Building Code (IBC):

• ALTERATION. Any construction or renovation to an existing structure other than repair or addition.

• REPAIR. The reconstruction, replacement or renewal of any part of an existing building for the purpose of its maintenance or to correct damage.

From ASME A17.1

• Repair – reconditioning or renewal of parts, components and/or subsystems necessary to keep equipment in compliance with applicable Code requirements

• Replacement – the substitution of a device or component and/or subsystems, in its entirety, with a unit that is basically the same as the original for the purpose of ensuring performance in accordance with applicable Code requirements

• Maintenance – a process of routine examination, lubrication, cleaning, and adjustments of parts, components, and/or subsystems for the purpose of ensuring performance in accordance with the applicable Code requirements

• Alteration – any change to equipment, including its parts, components and/or subsystems, other than maintenance, repair, or replacement.

For clarity terms from the IBC will be CAPITALIZED and bolded in the below section.

The first word of each option will have the IBC term.

For clarity terms from A17.1 will be italicized in the below section. The second word of each option will have the A17.1 term.

Recommendations:

1. Option 1 – Minimum Alteration – this scope of work includes the minimal work required to keep elevators operational and extend life of existing equipment.

Replacement of minimal components that are obsolete and/or have reached end-of-life. This option assumes maintenance of retained components will be performed by the onsite O&M contractor.

• Elevators 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, 18, 22, 24, 26 o (Alteration) Replace: elevator controls with new controls with SCR drives, fixtures in lobbies and cab, limits and switches, cab interiors and finishes (including cab doors), safeties (elevators 22, 24, 26 only), hoist ropes o (Repair) Recondition: machines and motors, hoistway doors (rollers, interlocks, hangers, gibs, etc.), door operators and cab doors (rollers, hangers, clutches, etc.), guide assemblies (car and counterweight) o Retain: machines, motors, emergency brakes, car platforms and slings, sheaves (overhead, deflectors, 2:1 on cartop and counterweight), compensation (elevators 3, 4, 7, 8), counterweights and frames, cab shells, hoistway doors and frames, guide rails (car and counterweight), governors, safeties (elevators 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, 18), buffers

• Elevators 5 and 6 o (Alteration) Replace: elevator controls with new controls with SCR drives, replace door controls with PLC door controls, fixtures in lobbies and cab, limits and switches, hoist ropes o (Repair) Recondition: machines and motors, hoistway doors (guides, interlocks, tracks, etc.), cab gates (rollers, hangers, retiring cams, etc.), guide assemblies (car and counterweight) o Retain: machines, motors, emergency brakes, car platforms and slings, sheaves (overhead, deflectors, 2:1 on cartop and counterweight), compensation, counterweights and frames, cab shells, hoistway doors and frames, guide rails (car and counterweight), governors, safeties, buffers

• Elevators 10 and 31 o (Alteration) Replace: elevator controls with new controls (SCR drives for elevator 10, VVVF for 31), fixtures in lobbies and cab, limits and switches, hoist ropes o (Repair) Recondition: machines and motors, hoistway doors (rollers, interlocks, hangers, gibs, etc.), door operators and cab doors (rollers, hangers, clutches, etc.), guide assemblies (car and counterweight) o Retain: machines, motors, emergency brakes, car platforms and slings, sheaves (overhead, deflectors, 2:1 on cartop and counterweight), compensation (elevators 10), counterweights and frames, cab shells, hoistway doors and frames, guide rails (car and counterweight), governors, safeties, buffers

• Elevators 14 and 16 o (Alteration) Replace: elevator controls with new controls with SCR drives, replace door controls with PLC door controls, fixtures in lobbies and cab, limits and switches, add swing car operation and fixtures for independent risers, hoist ropes o (Repair) Recondition: machines and motors, hoistway doors (guides, interlocks, tracks, etc.), cab gates (rollers, hangers, retiring cams, etc.), guide assemblies (car and counterweight) o Retain: machines, motors, emergency brakes, car platforms and slings, sheaves (overhead, deflectors, 2:1 on cartop and counterweight), compensation, counterweights and frames, cab shells, hoistway doors and frames, guide rails (car and counterweight), governors, safeties, buffers

• Elevator 19 o (Alteration) Replace: Complete elevator system. Due to original design and age of equipment, the existing equipment cannot be reused as it does not comply with structural and loading requirements.

o (Repair) Recondition: Bi-parting hoistway doors o Retain: guide rails (car and counterweight) *NOTE* due to increased load on the system, additional rail brackets and/or rail reinforcement may be required

• SCADA

o (Repair) Replace: Remove existing BaCNet interface device with new ethernet gateway from manufacturer selected for each elevator controller. Include 120V power connection and extend ethernet to gateway and to building network switch. SCADA Integration o Provide all network connections, I/O modules, and other components to tie in the new elevator controllers’ output points with the BEP

SCADA.

Connection will be via BaCNet protocol. Some manufacturers may provide Modbus output, which would require a converter.

Each manufacturer will provide a points list for each elevator, but at minimum the following output options are generally available which are similar to the 450 points integrated from the recently upgraded Elevator 2 connection:

• Real time monitoring of all elevator cars

• Firefighter Operation

• Out of Service

• Location

• Doors Open/Closed

• Elevator Reports

• Call, Waiting Times, and Operation summaries

• Elevator Statistics

• Start/Stop/Run Times

• Operational Times

2. Option 2 – Recommended Alteration – this scope of work includes recommended work required to keep elevators operational and extend life of existing equipment. Replacement of recommended components that are obsolete and/or have reached end-of-life.

• Elevators 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, 18, 22, 24, 26, 31 o (Alteration) Replace: elevator controls with new controls with

VVVF drives, machines and motors (except elevator 31), safeties (elevators 3, 4, 7, 8, 22, 24, 26, 31 only) fixtures in lobbies and cab, limits and switches, cab interiors and finishes (including cab doors and sills), provide all new bearings for sheaves (deflectors, 2:1 sheaves, compensation, etc.), door operators, buffers, new rope compensation (elevators 3, 4, 7, 8), emergency brakes, hoist ropes Replace hoistway doors Replace door operators o (Repair) Recondition: hoistway doors (rollers, interlocks, hangers, gibs, etc.), cab doors (rollers, hangers, gibs, etc.), guide assemblies (car and counterweight) o Retain: machine (elevator 31 only), car platforms and slings, sheaves (overhead, deflectors, 2:1 on cartop and counterweight), counterweights and frames, cab shells, hoistway doors and frames, guide rails (car and counterweight), governors, safeties (elevators 11, 13, 18 only)

• Elevators 5 and 6 o (Alteration) Replace: elevator controls with new controls with

SCR drives, replace door controls with PLC door controls, fixtures in lobbies and cab, limits and switches, machine motors (retain old for spares), provide new bearings for sheaves (overhead, deflectors, 2:1 on cartop and counterweight), hoist ropes Replace hoistway doors o (Repair) Recondition: machines, hoistway doors (guides, interlocks, hangers, tracks, etc.), cab gates (rollers, hangers, retiring cams, etc.), guide assemblies (car and counterweight) o Retain: machines, emergency brakes, car platforms and slings, sheaves (overhead, deflectors, 2:1 on cartop and counterweight), compensation, counterweights and frames, cab shells, hoistway doors and frames, guide rails (car and counterweight), governors, safeties, buffers

• Elevator 10 o (Alteration) Replace: elevator controls with new controls with

SCR drives, fixtures in lobbies and cab, limits and switches, machine motor (retain old for spare), door operators, provide new bearings for sheaves (overhead, deflectors, 2:1 on cartop and counterweight), hoist ropes Replace hoistway doors Replace door operators o (Repair) Recondition: machine, hoistway doors (rollers, interlocks, hangers, gibs, etc.), cab doors (rollers, hangers, gibs, etc.), guide assemblies (car and counterweight) o Retain: machines, emergency brakes, car platform and sling, sheaves (overhead, deflectors, 2:1 on cartop and counterweight), compensation, counterweight and frames, cab shell, hoistway doors and frames, guide rails (car and counterweight), governor, safeties, buffers

• Elevators 14 and 16 o (Alteration) Replace: elevator controls with new controls with

SCR drives, replace door controls with PLC door controls, fixtures in lobbies and cab, limits and switches, add swing car operation and fixtures for independent risers, hoist ropes Replace hoistway doors o (Repair) Recondition: machines and motors, hoistway doors (guides, interlocks, tracks, etc.), cab gates (rollers, hangers, retiring cams, etc.), guide assemblies (car and counterweight) o Retain: machines, motors, emergency brakes, car platforms and slings, sheaves (overhead, deflectors, 2:1 on cartop and counterweight), compensation, counterweights and frames, cab shells, hoistway doors and frames, guide rails (car and counterweight), governors, safeties, buffers

• Elevator 19 o (Alteration) Replace: Complete elevator system. Due to original design and age of equipment, the existing equipment cannot be reused as it does not comply with structural and loading requirements. Include new bi-parting hoistway doors in conjunction with new elevator equipment. New doors will allow same equipment to be used across all freight elevators.

o (Repair) Recondition: N/A o Retain: guide rails (car and counterweight) *NOTE* due to increased load on the system, additional rail brackets and/or rail reinforcement may be required

• SCADA

o (Repair) Replace: Remove existing BaCNet interface device with new ethernet gateway from manufacturer selected for each elevator controller. Include 120V power connection and extend ethernet to gateway and to building network switch. See additional requirements in OPTION 1.

3. Option 3 – Complete Alteration – this scope of work includes the complete scope of work, replacing all components that are obsolete and/or have reached end-of-life.

• Elevators 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 18, 22, 24, 26, 31 o (Alteration) Replace: elevator controls with new controls with

VVVF drives, machines and motors, fixtures in lobbies and cab, limits and switches, cab interiors and finishes (including cab doors and sills), complete sheaves and bearings (deflectors, 2:1 sheaves, compensation, etc.), emergency brakes, compensation (elevators 3, 4, 7, 8), cab shells, counterweights and frames, hoistway doors, governors, safeties, buffers, door operators, hoist ropes In lieu of replacing elevator 31 components, replace entire elevator 31 system with a holeless hydraulic system. This would require a complete redesign of elevator 31 o (Repair) Recondition: N/A o Retain: car platforms and slings, hoistway door frames, guide rails

(car and counterweight)

• Elevators 5, 6, 14, 16 o (Alteration) Replace: elevator controls with new controls with

VVVF drives, replace door controls with PLC door controls, fixtures in lobbies and cab, limits and switches, machines and motors, provide new sheaves and bearings (overhead, deflectors, 2:1 on cartop and counterweight), cab gates, emergency brakes, compensation, guide assemblies, governors, hoist ropes Replace hoistway doors o Recondition: hoistway doors (guides, interlocks, tracks, etc.)

o Retain: car platforms and slings, counterweights and frames, cab shells, hoistway doors and frames, guide rails (car and counterweight), safeties

• Elevators 10 o (Alteration) Replace: elevator controls with new controls with

VVVF drives, fixtures in lobbies and cab, limits and switches, machine and motor, provide new sheaves and bearings (overhead, deflectors, 2:1 on cartop and counterweight), emergency brake, door operators, compensation, guide assemblies, governor, hoist ropes o (Repair) Recondition: hoistway doors (guides, interlocks, tracks, etc.)

o Retain: car platform and sling, counterweights and frames, cab shell, hoistway doors and frames, guide rails (car and counterweight), safeties

• Elevator 19 o (Alteration) Replace: Complete elevator system. Due to original design and age of equipment, the existing equipment cannot be reused as it does not comply with structural and loading requirements. Include new bi-parting hoistway doors in conjunction with new elevator equipment. New doors will allow same equipment to be used across all freight elevators.

o (Repair) Recondition: N/A o Retain: guide rails (car and counterweight) *NOTE* due to increased load on the system, additional rail brackets and/or rail reinforcement may be required

• SCADA

o (Repair) Replace: Remove existing BACNET interface device with new ethernet gateway from manufacturer selected for each elevator controller. Include 120V power connection and extend ethernet to gateway and to building network switch. See additional requirements in OPTION 1.

4. Option 4 – Additional MEP/Abatement Work – this scope of work includes the repairs and upgrades for MEP supporting elements of the elevators.

• Life Safety Concerns o Adjust deficiencies with existing sprinkler system in hoistways and pits.

• Lighting:

o Elevator Pits: Foot candle (fc) levels associated with all elevator pits are deficient. New light fixture(s) are needed to meet minimum required foot candle fc levels.

o Lobbies: With the exception of the lobby on level 1G for elevators 3, 4, 7, and 8 (tour guide path) and level 5 for elevators 3-6, the fc levels measured at the elevator sills are deficient throughout the building. New lighting fixtures and mounting locations are required for these lobbies to meet the minimum lighting fc requirements.

o Elevator Machine Rooms: Elevator 10 machine room currently has very low lighting. New lighting fixtures and locations will be required to meet the minimum lighting levels. Elevator 31 equipment is open to the mechanical penthouse, tucked behind elevator 19 equipment. Additional lighting should be installed to raise the lighting levels to code mandated levels.

• HVAC

o Dedicated machine room temperature and humidity controls per code requirements.

• ACM/Lead Abatement o Allowance for possible ACM or Lead Paint abatement within machine rooms, if present.

5. Option 5 – Additional Structural/Architectural Work – this scope of work includes major repairs and renovations required to support of the elevator alterations and bring the existing machine rooms and hoistways up to code.

• Building modifications:

o The locations for several of the elevator machine rooms and elevator pits do not allow for legal access. This includes, but not limited to, requiring crawling through steam tunnels for pit access or very narrow and steep ships ladder access to elevator machine rooms.

Due to the age and construction of the building, these are not simple corrections. These machine room and pit access concerns should be evaluated to determine mitigation solutions.

o Sump pumps are not present in any of the elevator pits. These are a requirement for the elevators with Firefighter Emergency Operation. Installing pits in structure may require additional evaluation.

o Structural analysis will be required for several areas depending on selected scope of work Some hoistway walls area showing signs of damage and bowing. An in depth study required to determine cause and proposed solution.

The structural support needs to be evaluated for elevator 31 replacement to hydraulic.

Elevator 19 requires further investigation to determine requirements to bolster supports (additional rail brackets and/or reinforcement of rails) o Provide a machine room enclosure around elevator 19 in lieu of existing handrailing o Modify elevator 19 and 31 area to allow proper sheave area for elevator 31.

6. Option 6 – Freight Elevator Door Controls (REPAIR – Alteration) – selective replacement of existing freight door controls with new door controls, door reversal devices, gates and tracks. Retain existing motion controllers.

o Prior to ASME A17.1a-2008 edition, freight door reversal was not initiated until there was physical contact with an obstruction.

During the scenarios analyzed for the re-writing of this section of the code it was determined that operation by a designated attendant did not sufficiently mitigate risks sufficiently to prevent the need for protective devices. The reasoning was that an inattentive operator might not be aware that a person is entering or leaving the elevator.

o Elevator freight door systems installed under ASME A17.1a-2008 and later editions require immediate initiation of door reversal after an obstruction is detected by a detection means, not physical contact. Door reversal devices are required on all new freight elevators (even those with attendant operation). Due to the inertia and mass present within the freight door system, there is a slight time delay before the doors physically reverse. It was determined during the rewriting of this section of the code that the best way to mitigate the risk was to add a detection means that would not allow the doors to start closing and once the door starts to close, monitor zones in front and behind the car gate to limit hazards from the closing gate(s).

o Current elevator door controls systems are working as designed under the ASME A17.1–2000 edition of the code. ASME A17.1- 2000 is prior to the requirements for detection means.

• Elevators 5, 6, 14, 16 o (Alteration) Replace: elevator door controls with new door controls with new PLC door controllers, elevator car gates, tracks, gate motors, new infrared detection devices o Retain: existing motion controls, machines, motors, emergency brakes, car platforms and slings, sheaves (overhead, deflectors, 2:1 on cartop and counterweight), compensation, counterweights and frames, cab shells, hoistway doors and frames, guide rails (car and counterweight), governors, safeties, buffers, hoistway doors (guides, interlocks, tracks, etc.), guide assemblies

• Elevators 19 o (Alteration) Replace: elevator door controls with new door controls with new PLC door controller, elevator car gates, tracks, gate motors, new infrared detection devices o Note: tie-in to existing 1930s vintage controls may be difficult due to limited outputs on original motion controller o Retain: existing motion controls, machine, motors, emergency brakes, car platforms and slings, sheaves (overhead, deflectors, 2:1 on cartop and counterweight), compensation, counterweights and frames, cab shells, hoistway doors and frames, guide rails (car and counterweight), governors, safeties, buffers, hoistway doors (guides, interlocks, tracks, etc.), guide assemblies o

7. General Elevator Requirements.

Requirements listed below are general code requirements for elements supporting the elevators. These are provided for reference to describe the scope of itemized deficient items herein with code references. The AHJ may determine some items would not need to be completed in accordance with the International

Existing Building Code or NFPA 101 when treated as a repair or a certain level of alteration.

MACHINE ROOM

• A fused disconnect switch or circuit breaker shall be provided for each elevator in the machine room (NFPA 70, Section 620-51).

• Enclosed and protected machine room and/or machinery space (A17.1, Sections 2.7.1 and 3.7). Rated and fully enclosed machine room/space.

• Access to machine room and/or machinery space (A 17.1, Section 2.7.3).

• Lighting, and convenience outlets of machine room and/or machinery space (A 17.1, Section 2.7.5.1 and NFPA 70, Section 620-23).

• Machine room and/or machinery space environment to be maintained between 70° F and 90° F and 35% to 60% relative humidity at all times and in all weather conditions. HVAC design to include BTU heat load generated by the operation of the elevator equipment.

• HVAC not to be located above elevator equipment

• HVAC not to be within 18” horizontally of any elevator drive machine and any mechanical or electrical equipment

• HVAC to be above 7’ from machine room floor

• AC condensate to drain to location outside machine room and hoistway

• A car light disconnecting means shall be provided for each elevator in the machine room (NFPA 70, Section 620-53). Wiring from source to disconnect required and to new controls.

• For freight elevators with power operated hoistway doors, a separate branch circuit of adequate size and a fused disconnect switch or circuit breaker shall be provided in the machine room or machinery space.

HOISTWAY

• Beveled guards or screening are required for projections, recesses and setbacks in the hoistway that project more than 4 in. inside the hoistway on sides not used for loading or unloading. (A 17.1, Section 2.1.6).

• Supports for guide rail fastening at each floor and/or intermediate supports as required by A 17.1, Section 2.23.9.

• Recesses, supports, fireproofing and patching, as required, to accommodate hall button boxes, signal fixtures, hoistway entrance frames, etc..

• Convenience outlet and light fixture in pit with switch located adjacent to the access door (A 17.1, Section 2.2.5 and NFPA 70, Section 620-24).

• Provide a separate branch circuit supplying the hoistway pit lighting and a minimum of one duplex GFCI receptacles in the pit. Locate receptacle on side wall of the hoistway, at least 3 feet (915 mm) above pit floor.

• Vertical, noncombustible ladder for each elevator extending 48 in. above the sill of the access door where the pit extends more than 35 in. below the sill of the access door (A17.1, Section 2.2.4).

• Supports for vertical wireways (NFPA 70, Section 620- 34).

• Provide a dry pit, and permanent provisions to prevent accumulation of water. Provide Sump and pit sump pump with wiring and piping (A 17.1, Section 2.2.2) Must be 3000/gal per hour.

• Provide a dedicated simplex receptacle, with GFI protection, to supply the permanently installed sump pump. Mount sump pump receptacle 5 feet (1524 mm) above elevator pit floor.

• Pit reinforced to sustain vertical forces from guide rails and buffers.

• Remove or relocated all non-elevator related pipes, ducts, and conduit from hoistways.

• Hoistway pit lighting to provide a minimum of 10 fc at the pit floor in all areas of the pit. Hoistway lighting design must include a minimum of two lighting fixtures for lighting of the elevator hoistway pit. The fixtures must have a one piece, molded, high-impact clear acrylic diffuser with a secure seal against dust and moisture. A similar fixture must be provided at a minimum of every 10 feet (3 m) vertically up the hoistway. The fixture at the top of the hoistway must be mounted on the ceiling. For control of the hoistway lighting circuit, provide two 3-way switches inside the elevator hoistway, at a height of 4 feet (1.2 m) above the top and bottom elevator landings. Mount the switches on the hoistway wall, adjacent to the hoistway entrance strike jamb. The lower-level lighting switch must be located adjacent to the hoistway pit access ladder.

• Provide a separate branch circuit supplying the hoistway pit lighting and a duplex GFCI receptacle in the pits.

HOISTWAY ENTRANCES

• Support for sills the full width of door opening.

• Furnishing, installing and maintaining the required fire rating of elevator hoistway walls, including the penetration of fire wall by elevator fixture boxes.

MONITORING AND LIFE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

• Fire alarm initiating devices (NFPA 72) in the elevator lobbies and machine room(s) including wiring to the terminals of the elevator controllers for firefighters' service, (A 17.1, Section 2.27.3.2).

• Where sprinklers are provided, shunt trip disconnects required for each elevator main power and emergency power, if provided.

• Where sprinklers are provided, sprinkler line flow control switches required to activate shunt trip disconnect.

• Telephone, visual monitoring system or means within the car for communications with or signaling to an accessible point outside the hoistway, or central exchange system, or an approved emergency service (A17.1, Section 2.27.1, A 117.1 and ABA).

• Emergency communications systems. Provide dedicated elevator communication service line for each elevator adjacent to each elevator controller. Indicate outlets on telephone riser

• All necessary wiring, conduit and labor from the elevator hoistways for elevator monitoring panels that are required for security, life safety, or fire requirements that are provided for the elevator

ELECTRIC ELEVATOR ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS

• Hoisting beam, trap doors or other means of access to machine room of adequate size for maintenance and equipment removal purposes (A 17.1, Section 2.7.3.4)

D. COST ANALYSIS0

The Elevator Cost Analysis table below breaks down the potential utility operational cost savings with the new elevator equipment efficiency improvements implemented.

HP kW kWH 2 HP kW % EFF. kWH 2

COST ANALYSIS

Total Projected Savings Total Usage Cost

ELEV.

2 - Elevator kWH base on estimated operation: 50% usage during business hours and 10% usage after 1 - KWH rate based on average Pepco 2024 rates. This rate does not include peak demand

EXISTING NEW ANNUAL

SAVINGS

NEW ANNUAL

COST

EXISTING

ANNUAL COST

PEPCO KWH

RATE 1

SECTION II

EQUIPMENT REVIEW

A. Survey Observations

Examination of the elevator equipment was performed on May 13 – 17, 2024.

The summary of our findings is included in this section.

General Information We examined seventeen electric elevators, passenger elevators # 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 18, 22, 24, 26, 31 and freight elevators # 5, 6, 14, 16, 19. This included the machine room equipment as well as hoistways, hoistway doors, interlocks, landing control systems, controller, cab and fixtures to determine condition, operation, code compliance, performance, need for modernization and general appearance.

Passenger elevators 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, 18, 22, 24, and 26 are gearless Otis machines. Passenger elevator 31 is a geared Hollister-Whitney (H-W) machine.

Passenger elevator 10 and freight elevators 5, 6, 14, and 16 are geared Thyssen machines. Freight elevator 19 is the original Otis geared machine.

Elevators 3, 4, 7, and 8 have 74D machines and elevators 11, 13, 18, 22, 24, and 26 have 72 machines. The machines have what appears to be the original brakes, motors, windings, and commutators. The original motor generator sets were removed in upgrades in the early 2000s and replaced with silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) drives. The original elevators were manufactured by Otis Elevator around the 1930s based on information on the Elevator 19 code year. Otis Elevator Company was bought out by United Technologies in 1976. In April of 2020 the company was spun off from United Technologies into its own company, Otis Worldwide Corporation and is still in business.

Passenger elevator 10 and freight elevators 5, 6, 14, and 16 have Thyssen 450 machines. For a short time, Dover Elevator, a U.S. company that was bought out by ThyssenKrupp Elevator (Germany) in 1999, was called Thyssen Elevator.

ThyssenKrupp Elevator was recently acquired by Advent International and Cinven in 2020. February 2021, ThyssenKrupp was rebranded as TK Elevator.

TK Elevator is still in business, however limited parts for these machines are available.

Passenger elevator 31 has a geared H-W 44-OD machine. This is a basement type machine that protrudes into the hoistway in lieu of being an overhead machine. In 2017, Hollister-Whitney became part of the GGC portfolio and the group brand Vantage was formed. Hollister-Whitney is still in business and operates under the Vantage Elevator Solutions family of brands.

The passenger elevators only have front openings. The freight elevators have both front and rear openings. Specific landings served and entrances are in the table below for clarity (Table 2.1).

Most of the elevator controls except for Elevator 19 were manufactured by Motion Control Engineering (MCE). Elevator 19 has the original Otis relay logic controls. The manufacture date of each elevator controller is listed on Table 2.1.

The freight door controls for Elevators 5, 6, 14 and 16 were manufactured by Peelle and the freight door controls for Elevator 19 were manufactured by Security. Security was bought out in the 1970’s and is now owned by Courion, a Vantage Elevator Solutions company.

The elevators, except for Elevators 19 and 31 have various MCE – IMC series controllers with silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) drives. Elevator 19 controls have the now more than 100-year-old technology Ward–Leonard Machine – Generator set, or “MG set” for short. It provides smooth voltage to DC machines with loud, separate, constantly running MG sets. Elevator 31 has MCE – VFMC – 1000 series controls with a variable frequency drive.

There are three primary technologies that have been used to control elevator motors for the last 100+ years. The MG set, SCR drives (also known as thyristor-based drives), and VVVF drives (Variable Voltage, Variable Frequency drives) which is the newest technology.

The MG set first developed in 1893 was used in elevator technology for almost 100 years. In the 1980s, replacement of the MG sets with SCR drives became popular across the industry. The SCR drive allowed removal of the constantly running (and noisy) MG sets. With an SCR drive, the original machine motor (at that time, typically a DC motor) could be retained and reused without changing the machine motor. In the early 1990s the VVVF drive was introduced. The VVVF drive is used in conjunction with AC motors, allowing a finer control of motion of the elevator. In the mid-2000s, the VVVF became the drive of choice and most elevator machines now have AC motors.

With the exception of Elevator 31, most the existing elevators have DC motors.

Elevator 31 has an AC motor.

The typical life cycle of electric elevator machines is 25-50 years. Typical life cycle for elevator controls is 20-25 years. Typical life cycle for elevator drive systems is 8-15 years.

Due to the age of the equipment, limited parts are still available but the drives and drive units are obsolete. The existing controls do not have features such as a phone line monitoring, door monitoring, ascending car overspeed (Elevator 19), unintended car movement (Elevator 19), or modern Firefighters’ Emergency Operation features.

The elevator upgrades performed from 2000 through 2007 were selective upgrades. Not all elevator groups received the same number of upgrades.

Elevators 3, 4, 7, 8, 22, 24, 26, and 31 all retained the original safety devices but did receive new overspeed governors in their respective machine rooms.

See the below diagram (Figure 2.1 and Figure 2.2) for reference to select components.

FIGURE 2.1 (Geared Passenger)

Figure 2.2 (1960s Freight)

1. Cab Interiors

a. Passenger elevators 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, 18, 22, 24, and 26

The elevators have what appears to be the platforms, car slings, and cab shells from the original installations. Cab interiors finishes and fixtures have been upgraded. Similar materials and finishes have been used throughout.

Dimensions vary slightly. See Table 2.2 below for specific dimensions. The metal finishes appear to be commercial bronze finishes. Each cab has return panels of #4 commercial bronze finish. Cleaning and wear have degraded the finishes on all elevators. The flooring appears to be a rubber tile type flooring.

Elevators 22, 24, and 26 have access plates in the cab floors for manually resetting the safeties after the application of the safety devices to stop the car.

The cabs have light fixtures mounted in suspended ceilings. Cab lighting exceeds the minimum 5 ft candles requirement. The suspended ceilings appear to be a #4 bronze finish. The adhesive that holds the bronze panels to the suspended ceiling frame is failing on all passenger elevators. Panels are hanging loosely and have fallen off of one elevator and in one case the loose panels are being held up with clamps. Above the suspended ceiling there are reveals around the edges of the true ceiling. All reveals on the ceiling and side walls are bronze.

The passenger elevators have handrails on the rear of each cab and the side walls. The cab interior has hung panels on the rear and sides of each elevator cab. The panels appear to be plastic laminate. Above the hung panels in each cab there is a decorative brass frieze. Below the bottom hung panels there are bronze toe-kicks that appear to have concealed ventilation.

Elevator 3 and 4 return jambs are damaged and doors show wear from previous rubbing. Elevator 4 has trim damage.

The hoistway doors are two-speed, side-slide doors operated in conjunction with the powered, two-speed, side-slide cab doors. The cab doors are powered by GAL MOVFR door operators. The car doors are power operated with non-contact infrared reversal devices. With infrared reversal devices, there are approximately 200 beams cross the door opening for its entire height. Any time one of these beams is broken the door reverses and reopens.

There are car operating panels (COP) on the return jamb of the front walls.

The COPs have buttons that are dated in form, function and appearance. The COPs have capacity in pounds engraved in the top portion of the COPs and have the engraved elevator identification. The COPs have call buttons for each front opening, alarm bell button, door open button, and door close button. There are key switches for the following in each COP: stop switch, light on/off switch, test on/off switch, fan on/off switch, independent service on/off switch, hospital on/off switch, access operation on/off switch. There are car position and direction indicators in the upper portion of each COP.

Each COP has an autodial “hands-free” ADA style telephone. The button is located in the bottom of each COP.

The elevator capacities are 3,000# class A loading elevator. This means the rails, platform, machine and car sling can handle a loading of 750# and can carry no more than 3,000# total. Meaning that no single item (including loaded hand cart) to be loaded can weigh more than 750# and the total 3,000# must be evenly spread across the 4 quadrants of the elevator cab, 750# in each corner of the elevator cab.

b. Passenger elevators 10 and 31

Elevator 10 has a platform, car sling, and cab shell from the 2002 installation.

Elevator 31 has what appears to be the platform, car sling, and cab shell from the original installations. Cab interiors finishes and fixture have been upgraded. Similar materials and finishes have been used for elevators 10 and

31. Dimensions vary. See Table 2.2 below for specific dimensions. The metal finishes appear to be textured stainless-steel finishes for the cab walls and brushed stainless-steel for the return panels. The flooring is steel diamond plate.

Elevator 10 cab has light fixtures mounted on each side wall in coves.

Elevator 31 has light fixtures mounted in a suspended ceiling. Cab lighting exceeds the minimum 5 ft candles requirement for elevator 10. Cab lighting was measured below 5 ft candles at the time of our survey. Elevator 10 does not have a suspended ceiling; the ceiling is a matte white color. Elevator 31 has a suspended ceilings with indirect lighting. Elevator 31 has reveals on the side walls that are brushed stainless-steel.

Elevator 10 has upper and lower wooden bumpers on the side walls, the rear wall, and on the return jamb that does not have the COP. Below the bumpers, on the floor there are welded steel plates to protect the bottom 6” of the cab walls. These plates are approximately 3-4” from the walls. On the rear wall, there is an additional 2” x 2” tube steel rail that runs the length of the rear wall and connects to the elevator floor by three posts. Elevator 10 does not have hung panels, but has a steel shell that is the cab interior that was constructed with textured stainless-steel panels.

Elevator 31 has handrails on the rear of each cab and the side walls. Below the handrails, there is also a bumper on the rear and side walls. The cab interior has hung panels on the rear and sides of each elevator cab. The panels are texture stainless-steel. Below the bottom hung panels there are brushed stainless-steel toe-kicks that appear to have concealed ventilation.

Elevator 10 hoistway doors are two-speed, center-opening doors operated in conjunction with the powered, two-speed, center-opening cab doors. The cab doors are powered by two GAL MOVFR door operators. Elevator 31 hoistway doors are two-speed, side-slide doors operated in conjunction with the powered, two-speed, side-slide cab doors. The cab doors are powered by GAL MOVFR door operator. Both elevator cab doors are power operated with non-contact infrared reversal devices. With infrared reversal devices, there are approximately 200 beams cross the door opening for its entire height.

Any time one of these beams is broken the door reverses and reopens.

There are car operating panels (COP) on the return jamb of the front walls.

The COPs have buttons that are dated in form, function and appearance. The COPs have capacity in pounds engraved in the top portion of the COPs and have the engraved elevator identification. The COPs have call buttons for each front opening, alarm bell button, door open button, and door close button. There are key switches for the following in each COP: stop switch, light on/off switch, 2-speed fan 3 position switch (elevator 10), independent service (attendant for elevator 10) on/off switch, access operation on/off switch, test on/off switch (elevator 31). There are car position and direction indicators in the upper portion of each COP. The COP fixtures have brushed stainless-steel finishes.

Each COP has an autodial “hands-free” ADA style telephone. The button is located at the top of the call buttons for elevator 10 and in the bottom of the COP for elevator 31.

Elevator 10 capacity is 15,000# class C-1 loading elevator. This means the rails, platform, machine and car sling can handle a loading of 15,000# and can carry no more than 15,000# total. Meaning that no single item (including loaded hand cart) to be loaded can weigh more than 15,000#. The data tag on the rear wall of the elevator states C-2 loading but then states that the loading capacity is the same as the full capacity. C-2 loading would allow a 50% increase in loading weight while the elevator is parked at a floor. The elevator cannot move the extra 50% weight, but the brake and machine would be designed for the extra 50% weight which in Elevator 10’s case would be an extra 7,500#. The current system is not designed for C-2 loading. The COP is engraved with C-1 loading but the applied sign at the rear of the elevator states C-2. Proper signage should be installed.

Elevator 31 capacity is 3,000# class A loading elevator. This means the rails, platform, machine and car sling can handle a loading of 750# and can carry no more than 3,000# total. Meaning that no single item (including loaded hand cart) to be loaded can weigh more than 750# and the total 3,000# must be evenly spread across the 4 quadrants of the elevator cab, 750# in each corner of the elevator cab.

c. Freight elevators 5, 6, 14, 16

Elevators 5, 6, 14, and 16 have platforms, car slings, and cab shells from the 2000-2005 installations. Cab interiors finishes and fixture have been upgraded. Similar materials and finishes have been used for elevators 5, 6, 14, and 16. Dimensions vary. See Table 2.2 below for specific dimensions.

The metal finishes appear to be textured stainless-steel finishes for the cab walls and brushed stainless-steel for the return panels. The flooring is steel diamond plate.

Elevators 5, 6, 14, and 16 have full-height, two-section cab gates. The hoistway doors are power-operated, bi-parting freight doors. The cabs have recessed down light fixtures. Lighting exceeds the minimum 5 ft candles requirement.

Elevators 5, 6, 14, and 16 have upper and lower wooden bumpers on the side walls. Below the bumpers, on the floor there are welded steel plates to protect the bottom 6” of the cab walls. These plates are approximately 3-4” from the walls. These elevators have a steel shell that is the cab interior that was constructed with textured stainless-steel panels.

Elevators 5 and 6 have only a car operating panel (COP) adjacent to the front entrances of the elevator. Elevator 14 and 16 have a COP adjacent to the front entrance for the front landings call buttons and another COP adjacent to the rear for the rear entrances. The stainless-steel COPs are slightly recessed inside of the side wall.

The COPs have buttons that are dated in form, function and appearance. The COPs have capacity in pounds engraved in the top portion of the COPs and have the engraved elevator identification. The COPs have call buttons for each opening, up button, down button, alarm bell button, door open button, and door close button. There are key switches for the following in each COP:

stop switch, light on/off switch, 2-speed fan 3 position switch (elevator 10), attendant on/off switch, inspection operation on/off switch. There are car position and direction indicators in the upper portion of each COP. The COP fixtures have brushed stainless-steel finishes.

Each COP has an autodial “hands-free” ADA style telephone.