Attachment 1_Blast Loaded Concrete Anchors SOO.pdf

Attachment 1

U.S. Department of State

Bureau of Diplomatic Security

Physical Security Division

Statement of Objectives for

Blast Loaded Concrete Connection Anchors

July 06, 2023

1.0 SUMMARY: This document outlines a program aimed at development of evaluation and design guidance for Blast Loaded Anchors. Specifically, this project is focused on pre- and post-installed concrete anchors loaded in tension, shear, and combined shear and tension for components and systems subjected to high load rates resulting from blast events. The results of this effort will serve as practical guidance for practicing engineers in improving the efficacy of blast mitigation building systems.

2.0 BACKGROUND: The Bureau of Diplomatic Security, Office of Physical Security Programs, Research and Development Branch (RD) directs and develops worldwide physical security standards, policies, procedures, and guidelines for protecting personnel, facilities, and national security information of the U.S.

Department of State (State) and foreign affairs agencies.

A recently completed project called BLAC-W involved an extensive literature survey and gap study looking at blast loaded anchors, connections, and weldments. An advisory committee made up of subject matter experts (SME) was enlisted to review the gap study and offer recommendations for priority issues moving forward. The literature review, gap study, and SME recommendations were used to help RD establish next steps for the program. Reference 1 documents the results of that effort. This Statement of Objectives reflects the most pressing issues that require investigation for pre- and post-installed concrete anchors.

3.0 SCOPE: This effort will yield results required to provide specific guidance for evaluation and design of concrete anchors and anchor systems that are used in State facilities for blast effects mitigation. The current phase is composed of a base effort with subsequent steps to be exercised for completion of the target results. The scope has the basic components:

1) Base investigation and test design (Section 3.3)

2) Single anchor – Tension, shear, combined loading, and combined loading with nearby reinforcement.

3) Group anchors – Tension, shear, combined loading, and combined loading with nearby reinforcement.

4) Full scale blast test verification.

5) Development of a formal final report for all tasked performed. The report shall be of a quality suitable for publication.

6) Develop and submit guidance for inclusion in the Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC).

3.1 General Considerations:

The following points are applicable for all aspects of the investigation:

• Reference Information - Includes reports, methods, standards, and test results for similar geometries and load conditions regardless of effective load rates. Specifically, include quasi-static as well as high load rate results as available. Reference information shall be used for items indicated below.

• Numerical Calculations - Include numerical evaluations and predictions using classical methods and current standards. Numerical methods shall also include modelling and simulations using advanced analytical methods (e.g., finite element analysis). Factors or method modifications shall be developed that address the effects of blast loading with comparison to referenced information.

• Testing – Pre-test predictions shall be provided and used to develop specific parameters for test plans.

While the planned tests may or may not include blast or shock tube test, test plans, execution, and reporting shall be in accordance with the latest version of the DOS DS RD Standard Practice for Blast

Tests (Reference 2) where applicable. Post-test comparisons shall be used to confirm or refine proposed methods or factors for evaluations and design of pre- and post-installed concrete anchors.

• Load Rate – Blast events of concern result in structural loading from rest to full deformation in the range of five to fifty milliseconds. Numerical efforts and testing shall include these load rates.

• Scale – All test articles shall be at full scale in terms of anchor dimensions, spacing, edge distance, and embedment.

• Final Product – The ultimate goal of the current investigation is to develop specific guidance that may be used to design or evaluate concrete anchor connections. The guidance may be in the form of factors, equations, charts, tables, and / or computer programs. The results should support enhancement of existing standards and standard methods which currently do not properly address blast effects.

3.2 General Parameters and Condition:

The following parameters shall be included as part of the effort. Determination of the specific values and combinations of parameters shall be determined by the performer in cooperation with RD during the base investigation and test design phase discussed below in Section 3.3.

Type of anchors:

Cast-in-place studded anchors

Post-installed mechanical anchors

Post-installed epoxy anchors

Load conditions:

Anchor tension

Anchor shear

Tension and shear combined

Diameter of anchors: notionally ½”, ¾”, 1”

Number of anchors: Single anchors and groups of anchors

Embedment length: notionally 0.75x, 1.0x, 1.25x current design minimum

Edge distance: notionally 0.75x, 1.0x, 1.25x current design minimum

Concrete strength: notionally 3000 psi, 5000 psi

Load rates to predicted capacity: quasi-static, 5 msec, 50 msec

Steel reinforcement in the proximity of the anchor: include with and without

Concrete condition: uncracked or cracked

The combination of test conditions shall be selected to evaluate, exercise, and/or mitigate the following limit states as indicated in Reference 1:

Tension loading of anchor

Anchor rupture

Concrete breakout

Concrete failure near edge

Anchor pullout

Anchor proximity reinforcement failure

Shear loading on anchor

Anchor rupture

Concrete breakout

Concrete pry out

Anchor proximity reinforcement failure

Combined tension and shear loading shall include consideration for all of the limit state above as applicable.

3.3 Task 1 - Base Investigation and Test Design:

The base investigation shall provide design and evaluation of multiple configurations for each anchor type wherein current methods are shown to yield limiting results in terms of anchor capacity or physical dimension challenges. Proposed factors or method modifications supported by advanced numerical simulations shall be provided to demonstrate the potential benefit to be gained by the investigation.

In consideration of the very large number (tens of thousands) of possible test scenarios represented by the parameters and conditions shown in Section 3.2, a primary effort in this investigation is to reduce the required number of tests to a manageable level via an extensive test design effort. The test design process shall include use of existing pertinent data found in existing references (as cited in Reference 1 for example), numerical studies using existing design and evaluation tools, and possibly high-fidelity numerical modelling. The test design process shall yield specific test plans and test result implementation strategies for tasks listed below. The test design shall include specific information regarding specimen design, specimen construction, fixture design, load application interfaces, and reaction requirements.

Specific test plans shall be developed for Task 2. The test plans shall include test matrices with specimen specifics, fixturing, loading, and instrumentation. Numerical predictions shall be used to populate the test matrices. The test plans shall also include test facility (or facilities) information with clear demonstration of experience and capability consistent with the project requirements. Note that documentation of the test facilities’ availability and intent to support the proposed program shall be provided as part of the proposal package.

Provide preliminary test plans for Task 3 (anchor groups) and Task 4 (full scale validation). The test plans shall include test matrices with specimen specifics, fixturing, loading, and instrumentation. Numerical predictions shall be used to populate the test matrices. The test plans shall also include test facility (or facilities) information with clear demonstration of experience and capability consistent with the project requirements. Note that documentation of the test facilities’ availability and intent to support the proposed program shall be provided as part of the proposal package.

A quick look report summarizing the results of the base effort shall be provided.

Use Government Test Facilities Option for Task 2, 3 and 4

In consideration for the extreme requirements for test facility capabilities, the option of using US

Government facilities may be considered. If that is an option to be pursued, it may be necessary for the test facility to be engaged through RD with government-to-government agreements. Any proposal involving this notion shall include written evidence of the facilities capability, availability, and willingness to execute the required testing.

3.2 Task 2a - Single Anchors (Vendor Performs All Actions) [Option 1]

Provide test services including coordination, witnessing, conducting, and reporting of results for the test series that was designed and planned in Task 1. Provide comparisons between test results and predictions.

Use the results to revise factors or methods as required to provide optimum correlation between predictions and test results. Use the revised results to refine the Task 3 test plan so that it is specific and suitable for execution. While all the issues in Section 3.2 must be considered, primary focus must be placed on load rates with quantification of load rate effects. The number of tests shall be limited to thirty (30) per anchor type for a total of ninety (90) tests (for budgeting purposes).

A quick look report summarizing the results of Task 2 shall be provided along with a refined test plan for

Task 3.

Task 2b – Single Anchors (Vendor Uses a Government Test Facility) [Option2]

Provide test services including coordination, witnessing, and reporting of results for the test series that was designed and planned in Task 1. Provide comparisons between test results and predictions. Use the results to revise factors or methods as required to provide optimum correlation between predictions and test results.

Use the revised results to refine the Task 3 test plan so that it is specific and suitable for execution. While all the issues in Section 3.2 must be considered, primary focus must be placed on load rates with quantification of load rate effects. The number of tests shall be limited to thirty (30) per anchor type for a total of ninety (90) tests (for budgeting purposes).

A quick look report summarizing the results of Task 2 shall be provided along with a refined test plan for

Task 3.

Task 2c – Additional Testing [Option 3]

In consideration of the challenging nature of the effort, there may be justification for additional testing and

/ or numerical modeling to compliment the ninety (90) test limit noted above. Documentation of the cost and benefit of additional efforts may be offered as option.

3.3 Task 3a - Group Anchors: (Vendor Performs All Actions) [Option 4]

Provide test services coordination, witnessing, conducting, and reporting of results for the test series that was designed and planned in Task 1 and refined in Task 2. Provide comparisons between test results and predictions. Use the results to revise factors or methods as required. Use the revised results to refine the

Task 4 test plan so that it is specific and suitable for execution. While all of the issues in Section 3.2 must be considered, primary focus must again be placed on load rates with quantification of load rate effects. At least three grouping configurations shall be included (1x2, 2x1, 2x2 as a minimum). The number of tests per anchor type may be adjusted as part to the test design process. Specifically, it is not required that the tests in this task be distributed evenly among the three anchor types. Down selecting and focusing on one or two anchor types may be acceptable for this task. The total number of tests shall be limited to eighty-one (81) for budgeting purposes.

A quick look report summarizing the results of Task 3 shall be provided along with a refined test plan for

Task 4.

Task 3b - Group Anchors: (Vendor Uses a Government Test Facility) [Option 5]

Provide test services coordination, witnessing, and reporting of results for the test series that was designed and planned in Task 1 and refined in Task 2. Provide comparisons between test results and predictions.

Use the results to revise factors or methods as required. Use the revised results to refine the Task 4 test plan so that it is specific and suitable for execution. While all of the issues in Section 3.2 must be considered, primary focus must again be placed on load rates with quantification of load rate effects. At least three grouping configurations shall be included (1x2, 2x1, 2x2 as a minimum). The number of tests per anchor type may be adjusted as part to the test design process. Specifically, it is not required that the tests in this task be distributed evenly among the three anchor types. Down selecting and focusing on one or two anchor types may be acceptable for this task. The total number of tests shall be limited to eighty-one (81) for budgeting purposes.

A quick look report summarizing the results of Task 3 shall be provided along with a refined test plan for

Task 4.

Task 3c – Additional Testing [Option 6]

In consideration of the challenging nature of the effort, there may be justification for additional testing and

/ or numerical modeling to compliment the eighty-one (81) test limit noted above. Documentation of the cost and benefit of additional efforts may be offered as option.

3.4 Task 4a – Full Scale Blast Test Verification (Vendor Performs All Actions) [Option 7]

Provide test services coordination, witnessing, conducting, and reporting of results for the test series that was planned in Task 1 and refined in Task 3. Provide comparisons between test results and predictions.

Use the results to revise factors or methods as required. Use the revised results to refine the Task 4 test plan so that it is specific and suitable for execution. While all of the issues in Section 3.2 must be considered, primary focus must again be placed on load rates with quantification of load rate effects. The tested articles shall be designed to provide a variety of practical configurations wherein the predicted responses include full failure, no failure. and marginal failure. The blast loading and the resulting load rate shall be consistent with standard RD requirements. The test results shall be used to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed evaluation and design methods. A minimum of twelve (12) configurations shall be tested.

A quick look report summarizing the results of Task 4 shall be provided.

Task 4b – Full Scale Blast Test Verification (Vendor Uses a Government Test Facility) [Option 8]

Provide test services coordination, witnessing, and reporting of results for the test series that was planned in Task 1 and refined in Task 3. Provide comparisons between test results and predictions. Use the results to revise factors or methods as required. Use the revised results to refine the Task 4 test plan so that it is specific and suitable for execution. While all of the issues in Section 3.2 must be considered, primary focus must again be placed on load rates with quantification of load rate effects. The tested articles shall be designed to provide a variety of practical configurations wherein the predicted responses include full failure, no failure. and marginal failure. The blast loading and the resulting load rate shall be consistent with standard RD requirements. The test results shall be used to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed evaluation and design methods. A minimum of twelve (12) configurations shall be tested.

A quick look report summarizing the results of Task 4 shall be provided.

Task 4c – Additional Testing [Option 9]

In consideration of the challenging nature of the effort, there may be justification for additional testing and

/ or numerical modeling to compliment the twelve (12) test limit noted above. Documentation of the cost and benefit of additional efforts may be offered as option.

3.5 Task 5 – Formal Final Report [Option 10]

Provide a formal final report for all tasks executed. Generation of the final report shall include review and edit for technical content and report organization by a party or parties knowledgeable in the field. The report shall also be reviewed and edited for grammatical and formatting issues. The document shall be of a quality suitable for distribution to the public technical community. RD shall review and recommend possible edits for inclusion in the final report.

3.6 Task 6 – UFC Submittal and Follow-up [Option 11]

Provide specific guidance suitable for use by practicing engineers that are familiar with blast design and evaluation using the UFC. Lead or direct the process of submittal for inclusion in the UFC. All issues shall be addressed for submittal for inclusion in the UFC including any and all required supporting documents, justification, formats, and edits.

4.0 DELIVERABLES

Deliverable Time Frame Method

Conduct Kick-Off Meeting Within 30 business days after contract award

On-site or teleconference

Monthly Reports Due 15th of every month Electronic

Monthly Meetings / Program Review Monthly On-site or teleconference

PowerPoint Presentations for Monthly

Meetings

Time of meeting Electronic

Quick Look Report for Task 1 Five (5) business days prior to meetings – presentation in lieu of monthly meeting

Electronic

Quick Look Report for Task 2 Five (5) business days prior to meetings – presentation in lieu of monthly meeting

Electronic

Quick Look Report for Task 3 Five (5) business days prior to meetings – presentation in lieu of monthly meeting

Electronic

Quick Look Report for Task 4 Five (5) business days prior to meetings – presentation in lieu of monthly meeting

Electronic

PowerPoint Presentation

Summarizing Final Report

Thirty (30) days prior to completion of contract

On-site or teleconference

Final Report for Department Review Thirty (30) days prior to completion of contract

Electronic

Final Report At completion of contract Electronic

UFC Submittal As required to complete submittal process prior to completion of the contract

On-site or teleconference

5.0 SECURITY:

Classification: All of the work and work product under this Statement of Objectives is unclassified. The nature of the research and development is such that the results are suitable for distribution to the general public in the form of public releasable guides, technical presentations, and support of industrial standard development.

6.0 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS:

Attachment 2 - Design Guidance for Blast Loaded Structural Connections, Department of State, Bureau of

Diplomatic Security, Research and Development Branch, TR-20-36, dated February 17, 2023.

Attachment 3 - DOS DS RD Standard Practice for Blast Tests, dated August 2022