Att E - Waste.pdf

Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District

Board Policy Manual

Construction and Demolition Waste Diversion

Policy 4.08 Chapter 4 – Acquisition and Maintenance of

District Lands

Effective Date: January 14, 2015 Revised Date: Not applicable Prior Versions: Not applicable Attachments:

A - Construction Demolition Waste Diversion Worksheet B - Definitions, Materials Identification & Waste Diversion Strategies C - Construction Demolition Waste Diversion Policy Resource Directory D - Sample District waste handling specifications

Board Policy 4.08 Page 1 of 3

Purpose

The goal of the Construction and Demolition Waste Diversion (C&D WD) Policy is to establish capital project guidelines for contracted construction and demolition projects to divert waste away from landfills. Minimally, the goal for all contracted construction and demolition projects shall be to divert 100% of all recyclable materials.

Existing Policy The District’s “Policies Regarding Improvements on District Lands”, last amended in 2007, requires preliminary Use and Management (U&M) Plans to consider the “cost and practicality of salvaging materials being removed” when the U&M plan proposes demolition.

Policy For every contracted District Capital construction or demolition project, the following waste diversion guidelines shall be followed:

1. SURVEYS

Surveys shall be completed prior to the commencement of the project to identify existing conditions. Minimally these shall include:

a. Hazardous Materials Surveys – to identify all hazardous materials.

b. Historic Resource Evaluation – to evaluate potential historical significance on structures over 50 years old or containing known historical resources.

c. Bat / Biological Surveys - to determine presence of bat roosting, bird nesting, woodrat nesting or any other wildlife. Also to determine the presence of any sensitive habitat or wildlife corridors in the area of the proposed project work.

d. Plant Surveys – confirm whether the site has any trees or other plant communities that need to be protected. Also, identify any invasive species that might be present in the project area to ensure that project work does not further spread the invasive species around or off the site, and keep invasive species separated from the plant materials that are being recycled as mulch.

EXHIBIT 9 - CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE DIVERSION BOARD POLICY

iyeung Text Box Attachment 5

Board Policy 4.08 Page 2 of 3

2. C&D WD EVALUATION FORM

Staff shall evaluate and document all the materials, fixtures and equipment at a site and determine the best diversion strategy for all items. (Refer to Attachments A & B).

a. Fill out a project specific Structure C&D WD Worksheet (Attachment A).

i. Construction Projects

1. List construction materials that will be used on site and describe what, if any, waste materials will be generated. Examples include:

a. Packaging - cardboard, styrofoam, plastics, paper products

b. Crates (unpainted wood pallets, crates and other packaging made of lumbered or engineered wood)

c. Scrap metal, wood

d. Excess concrete

e. Tile, brick trimmings

f. Drywall scraps

g. Roofing materials

h. All other materials (carpets, linoleum, sheet products, glass, laminates, etc.)

2. Indicate diversion strategy. Refer to Attachment B for a list of common diversion strategies, which include:

a. Salvage

b. Recycle

c. Reuse on site

d. Reuse off site

e. If uncertain, refer to Attachment C, list of recyclers, waste handlers, salvage companies and demolition contractor who may be able to assist.

3. Include any pertinent comments related to the desired diversion strategy or constraints to implementing diversion for each material

ii. Demolition Projects

1. List all materials on site that will be demolished, including:

a. Trees, landscaping

b. Roads, patios, paving, flatwork

c. Roofing

d. Exterior enclosure – walls, paneling, stucco, brick

e. Interior finishes, flooring, wall paneling, etc.

f. Fixtures (lighting, plumbing)

g. Appliances

h. All other materials (carpets, linoleum, sheet products, glass, laminates, etc.)

2. Indicate diversion strategy. Refer to Attachment B for a list of common diversion strategies, which include:

a. Salvage

b. Recycle

c. Reuse on site

d. Reuse off site

EXHIBIT 9 - CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE DIVERSION BOARD POLICY

Board Policy 4.08 Page 3 of 3

e. If uncertain, refer to Attachment C, a non-exclusive list of recyclers, waste handlers, salvage companies and demolition contractor who may be able to assist.

3. Include any pertinent comments related to diversion strategy or constraints to implementing diversion for that material (for example, presence of hazardous materials.)

3. C&DWD SCOPE DOCUMENTS

a. Include C&D WD requirements in the Project Scope and Contract Specifications

(see sample specification, Attachment D).

4. BOARD REPORT

Reference C&DWD strategies for each project as part of each Board report prepared for award of construction and demolition contracts. Include description of material salvage opportunities, any additional associated costs, and if applicable, reasons why 100% of recyclable materials cannot be recycled.

∗ Attachments may be updated administratively to reflect changes and advances in recycling and salvage practices. The C&D WSD process outlined in the Policy would not be affected by updates to the Attachments. Any proposed revisions in the Policy shall be brought to Board for review and approval.

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Board Policy 4.08 (a) Construction Demolition Waste Diversion Worksheet

Board Policy 4.08

Material Description Diversion Strategy Remarks

Project: Preserve:

Board Policy 4.08 (b) Definitions, Materials Identification & Waste Diversion Strategies

1. Definitions

Waste Diversion The practice of directing waste away from landfills and into re-use, recycle or salvage opportunities.

Construction Waste Building and site improvement materials and other solid waste resulting from construction, remodeling, renovation, or repair operations. Construction waste includes (but is not limited to) wood, concrete, drywall, masonry, roofing, siding, structural metal, wire, insulation, asphalt, and packaging materials.

Demolition Waste Building and site improvement materials resulting from demolition operations.

Hazardous Material Any material that is regulated as a hazardous material in accordance with 49 CFR 173, requires a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1200, or which during end use, treatment, handling, storage, transportation or disposal meets, has components which meet, or have the potential to meet the definition of a Hazardous Waste in accordance with 40 CFR 261.

Debris Non-hazardous solid waste generated during the construction, demolition, or renovation of a structure that exceeds 2.5 inch (60 mm) particle size and is: a manufactured object; plant or animal matter; or natural geologic material (e.g. cobbles and boulders). A mixture of debris and other material such as soil or sludge are also subject to regulation as debris if the mixture is comprised primarily of debris by volume, based on visual inspection.

Inert solids Asphalt, concrete, rock, stone, brick, sand, soil and fines.

Remainder/Composite Inerts and Other Inerts and other material that cannot be put in any other type. This type may include items from different types combined, which would be very hard to separate. Examples include brick, ceramics, tiles, toilets, sinks, and fiberglass insulation.

This type may also include demolition debris that is a mixture of items such as plate glass, wood, tiles, gypsum board, and aluminum scrap.

Remainder/Composite Plastic Materials that are made mostly of plastic but combined with other materials. These items are usually recognized by their optical opacity. Examples include auto parts made of plastic attached to metal, plastic drinking straws, foam drinking cups, produce trays, foam packing blocks, packing peanuts, cookie trays found in cookie packages, plastic strapping, foam plates/bowls, and new Formica, vinyl, or linoleum.

Deconstruction The process of careful demolition to remove materials in a manner that they remain intact for the purpose of salvaging the materials.

Salvage The recovery of intact demolition or construction materials for the purpose of reuse or storage for later sale or reuse in another facility.

Recycle Recovery of demolition or construction waste for subsequent processing (for example, grinding or melting) in preparation for re-use.

Re-Use The process of taking demolished materials and re-using (often in the same place of demolition) with minimal intervening processing. For example, concrete being broken up and buried on site as fill or wood being ground up and used as mulch.

Re-Purpose Removing demolition or construction waste and re-purposing for another use without any intervening processing. For example, wood siding being re-purposed as planter boxes.

Source (On-site) Waste Segregation The process of segregating demolition or construction waste materials on site (i.e: concrete, bare drywall, wood, steel) for offhaul to recycling facilities.

Comingled Waste Demolition or construction waste that is mixed together and brought to the recycling facility.

2. Construction & demolition waste materials typically diverted

Much of the waste materials derived through demolition or construction can be diverted from the landfill. Specific materials include:

Inert Materials Concrete, brick, stone, rock, asphalt paving, sand from demolished building slabs, sidewalks, walls, etc.

Metals

Wood materials Any and all dimensional lumber, fencing or construction wood that are not chemically treated, creosoted, pressure treated, contaminated or painted.

Vegetative materials Trees, tree parts, shrubs, stumps, logs, brush or any other type of plants that are cleared from a site for construction or other use.

Roofing materials Wood shingles and shakes as well as asphalt shingles, stone and slate based roofing material.

Salvageable materials and structures Doors, windows, fixtures, cabinets, hardwood flooring, sinks, bathtubs and appliances, etc. (see Salvage below).

All steel, aluminum, copper, bronze, tin, etc., found in scraps, piping, wiring, structural steel, partition framing, door and window frames, building siding or roofing.

Miscellaneous recyclable materials Glass, carpets, plastics, linoleum, etc.

Salvage Typical salvaged materials include:

• Cabinets (kitchen, bath, built-in woodwork) that are in very good condition and/or have unique workmanship

• Appliances that are in new to almost new condition (older appliances are not energy efficient and are recycled)

• Hardwood flooring

• Wood panels – interior or exterior – if they are in very good condition or of unique material – for example, redwood

• Doors and windows in good condition

• Fixtures

• High value materials such as old-growth redwood

3. Waste Diversion Strategies Concrete

• Can be broken down on site, to approximately 12” or less (12” minus) and utilized as fill material to fill voids / holes / vaults on site.

o 12” minus materials should be used in 24” lifts and compacted.

o If 12”-minus is used to fill large areas, or as part of fill for grading and re-contouring, a geologic engineer should be consulted.

• Can be shipped offsite to a recycling facility to be ground up for use as class 2 baserock material.

• If the project is large, a concrete grinder can be brought onto the site and the concrete can be ground onsite and either re-used as class 2 fill or shipped offsite to be re-purposed as class 2 fill at another relocation

• NOTE: Painted concrete must have lead content evaluated; contractor shall conduct waste profiles to determine if concrete painted with lead paint can still be recycled or re-used (buried) on site.

Masonry / Brick / Stone

• Most masonry is difficult (if not impossible) to deconstruct and salvage intact.

• Most masonry can be sent to a recycling facility and crushed.

• On District sites where there are areas that can be filled, most masonry can be combined with crushed concrete and used as fill.

o If large areas are to be filled or fill is to be used as part of grading and re-contouring, a geologic engineer should be consulted.

• NOTE: Painted masonry must have lead content evaluated; contractor shall conduct waste profiles to determine if masonry painted with lead paint can still be recycled or re-used (buried) on site.

Asphalt Paving

• Asphalt Paving can be demolished, removed from the site, and recycled for use in new AC paving.

Metals

• Can be source-separated on site and sent directly to a metals recycler or be comingled and sent to a recycling / waste handling facility that accepts, separates and recycles the materials.

• Typically metals can be painted, even with lead based paint, and still be recycled.

Wood Materials

• Wood materials should be evaluated for potential salvage value. If there is potential salvage value, wood materials should be carefully removed or deconstructed to salvage intact.

o Typical wood items that may be suitable* for salvage include:

Large dimensional lumber (beams, posts) Hard wood flooring

Wood windows Wood cabinetry Wood siding / paneling *Suitability should be evaluated. If hazardous materials survey indicates there is lead paint on wood, it shall not be salvaged due to concerns of potentially hazardous materials being funneled back into the marketplace.

Wood framing members cannot be reused for framing, as they are not graded. Unless the wood framing is exceptionally unique (for example, redwood) there is little actual value in salvage.

o Wood that is not painted or treated can be recycled and made into a variety of mulch products.

Wood can be source-separated on site and transported to a recycling center or be co-mingled and sent to a recycling site that separates demolition debris for recycling.

Wood can also be ground on site and used as mulch to aid in site stabilization and erosion control.

• Wood materials can be grounded for mulch with tree and vegetation materials as long as there are no invasive weed concerns.

Thickness and location of mulch should be discussed with District biologist.

Trees / Plant Materials

• Trees and other plant materials removed from the site for a construction or demolition project can be recycled with other wood products.

• Care shall be given to ensure that no invasive weeds are recycled.

• Invasive plants may need to be removed or treated in compliance with the District’s

Integrated Pest Management program.

Salvage Strategies Salvage of materials can be difficult and costly, as it usually requires careful deconstruction, often by hand. District construction contracts require contractors to pay prevailing wage, and the result may be that salvage of materials could be considerably more expensive than recycling the material. Often, materials that have incurred costly labor-hours to salvage ultimately end up being recycled. Therefore, clear identification of the salvage potential of any materials is critical.

The following outlines steps for identifying the potential salvage of items slated for demolition:

1. In filling out Exhibit 1, identify any materials, appliances, fixtures, cabinetry, etc., that may have salvage value.

2. Photograph items, and e-mail photos to a minimum of two salvage companies to obtain their opinion as to the potential salvage value of the items.

3. If the items have a clear strong salvage value (gauged by response from salvage companies interested in the materials), staff may opt to follow one of the two following options:

a. Prepare a separate Request for Quotes for Salvage of items.

i. Salvage work must be evaluated against remediation work required. If any of the salvage work could disturb hazardous materials, then the hazardous materials remediation must take place before salvage operations.

ii. Salvage, remediation and demolition work shall be managed as separate contracts.

b. Include salvage requirements within the construction or demolition bid package

i. Place the responsibility for salvage of materials on the contractor.

ii. Invite salvage companies/subcontractors to attend the pre-bid meetings and have them submit their bids to the prime contractors for inclusion with the bid packages.

iii. This approach transfers coordination of salvage work to contractor.

4. For all salvage activities, the salvage company shall identify the end use for the salvaged item(s). Minimally salvage company shall issue a letter stating:

a. Which materials will be salvaged;

b. Where the salvaged materials will be taken;

c. What the salvaged materials will be used for; and,

d. Confirmation that the salvaged items shall be retained, in their intact state, and will not be recycled.

e. Acknowledgement that receipts shall be provided for the off-site disposition of the salvaged materials.

Board Policy 4.08 (c) Construction Demolition Waste Diversion Policy Resource Directory*

Company Name Discipline Contact E-mail Phone Communications / Info

Reuse Network PM / Expeditor for Salvage Projects Lorenz Schilling lorenz@reusenetwork.org 562-307-6065

City of Palo Alto Jurisdiction / City Planner Scott McKay Planner who enforces City-mandated deconstruction for single family homes

The Re Use People Salvage Company / Deconstruction / Non-profit info@TheReUsePeople.org 510-383-1983 501.c.3 non-profit, do deconstruction 7 salvage.

Do not do prevailing wage projects. Can work as sub to prime contractor.

Driftwood Salvage Salvage Company Same as Wholehouse Building Supply & Salvage

Habitat for Humanity Re-store / Salvage Retailer 650-847-4000 Non-profit retail store that sells salvaged and donated items

Green Earth Appraisals Appraisal for deconstruction/Salvage David Xepoleas info@greenearthappraisals.com 650-455-6683

Firewood Farms Salvage Company James Harper 650-726-1702 Specialize in old growth redwood, large timbers and large slabs of lumber.

WholeHouse Building Supply & Salvage Salvage Company; demo contractor; Non profit gardner@batnet.com 650-558-1400 Same as Driftwood Salvage - appears to do demolition, appraisals, salvage, and have a non-profit for raising funds for east Palo Alto.

Rebuild Green Deconstruction Contractor Roderick Cooper rebuildgreen@gmail.com 650-670-5907 Makoni Construction Deconstruction Contractor Lisi Makoni lisi@makonideconcompany.com 650-533-2124

Zanker Road resource Management Waste Handling / recycling Michael Gross michael@zankerrecycling.com 408-263-2384 Local large recycling center; has demolition waste line that sorts & separates co-mingled waste from demolition/construction projects

*This directory is not comprehensive and may not include all available resources in the region; Listing herein does not imply any endorsement or guarantee of the listed entity.

EXHIBIT 9 - CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE DIVERSION BOARD POLICY

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