Section_106_Acceptance_of_Work.doc

Section 106

Section 106

Section 106. — ACCEPTANCE OF WORK

106.01 Conformity with Contract Requirements. Follow the requirements of FAR Clause 52.246-12 Inspection of Construction.

References to standard test methods of AASHTO, ASTM, GSA, and other recognized standard authorities refer to the methods in effect on the date of solicitation for bids.

Perform work according to the contract requirements. Perform all work to the lines, grades, cross-sections, dimensions, and processes or material requirements shown on the plans or specified in the contract.

Incorporate manufactured materials into the work according to the manufacturer’s recommendations or to these specifications, whichever is stricter.

Plan dimensions and contract specification values are the values to be strived for and complied with as the design values from which any deviations are allowed. Perform work and provide material that is uniform in character and reasonably close to the prescribed value or within the specified tolerance range. The purpose of a tolerance range is to accommodate occasional minor variations from the median zone that are unavoidable for practical reasons.

The Government may inspect, sample, or test all work at any time before final acceptance of the project. When the Government tests work, copies of test reports are furnished to the Contractor upon request. Government tests may or may not be performed at the work site. If Contractor testing and inspection is verified by the Government, the Contractor’s results may be used by the Government to evaluate work for acceptance. Do not rely on the availability of Government test results for process control.

Acceptable work conforming to the contract will be paid for at the contract unit bid price. Four methods of determining conformity and accepting work are described in Subsections 106.02 to 106.05 inclusive. The primary method of acceptance is specified in each Section of work. However, work may be rejected at any time it is found by any of the methods not to comply with the contract.

Remove and replace work that does not conform to the contract, or to prevailing industry standards where no specific contract requirements are noted, at no cost to the Government.

As an alternative to removal and replacement, the Contractor may submit a written request to:

(a) Have the work accepted at a reduced price; or

(b) Be given permission to perform corrective measures to bring the work into conformity.

The request must contain supporting rationale and documentation. Include references or data justifying the proposal based on an evaluation of test results, effect on service life, value of material or work, quality, aesthetics, and other tangible engineering basis. The CO will determine disposition of the nonconforming work.

When standard manufactured items are specified (such as fence, wire, plates, rolled shapes, pipe conduits, etc., that are identified by gauge, unit mass, section dimensions, etc.), the identification will be considered to be nominal masses or dimensions. Unless specific contract tolerances are noted, established manufacturing tolerances will be accepted.

106.02 Visual Inspection. Acceptance is based on visual inspection of the work for compliance with the contract and prevailing industry standards.

106.03 Certification. For material manufactured off-site, use a manufacturer with an ISO 9000 certification or an effective testing and inspection system. Require the manufacturer to clearly mark the material or packaging with a unique product identification or specification standard to which it is produced.

Other than references in or to the FAR or Federal Law, when these Standard Specifications reference certifications; certificates; or certified documents, equipment, or individuals, these references are not certifications under Section 4301 of Public Law 104‑106, National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1996. These references refer to documentation of non-regulatory, peripheral contract requirements that are required to be validated by an individual or organization having unique knowledge or qualifications to perform such validation.

Material accepted by certification may be sampled and tested at any time. If found not in conformance with the contract, the material will be rejected whether in place or not.

One of the following certifications may be required:

(a) Production certification. Material requiring a production certification is identified in the Acceptance Subsection of each Section. Require the manufacturer to furnish a production certification for each shipment of material. Include the following with each production certification:

(1) Date and place of manufacture;

(2) Lot number or other means of cross-referencing to the manufacturer’s inspection and testing system; and

(3) Substantiating evidence that the material conforms to the contract quality requirements as required by FAR 46.105(a)(4), including all of the following:

(a) Test results on material from the same lot and documentation of the inspection and testing system;

(b) A statement from the manufacturer that the material complies with all contract requirements; and

(c) Manufacturer’s signature or other means of demonstrating accountability for the certification.

(b) Commercial certification. When a certification is required, but not a production certification, furnish one commercial certification for all similar material from the same manufacturer.

A commercial certification is a manufacturer's or Contractor's representation that the material complies with all contract requirements. The representation may be labels, catalog data, stamped specification standards, or supplier's certifications indicating the material is produced to a commercial standard or specification.

106.04 Measured or Tested Conformance. Provide all necessary production and processing of the work and control performance of the work so that all of the work complies with the contract requirements.

Results from inspection or testing shall have values within the specified tolerances or specification limits. When no tolerance values are identified in the contract, the work will be accepted based on customary manufacturing and construction tolerances.

106.05 Statistical Evaluation of Work and Determination of Pay Factor (Value of Work). Statistical evaluation of work is a method of analyzing inspection or test results to determine conformity with the contract requirements. The work will be accepted as follows:

(a) General. For work evaluated based on statistical evaluation, both the Government and Contractor assume some risk.

The Government's risk is the probability that work of a rejectable quality level is accepted. The Contractor's risk is either the probability that work produced at an acceptable quality level (AQL) is rejected (α) or the probability that the work produced at the AQL is accepted at less than the contract price (α100).

Acceptable quality level is the lowest percentage of work within the specification limits that is considered acceptable for payment at contract price. There are 2 categories. Category I is based on an AQL of 95 percent. Category II is based on an AQL of 90 percent. In both cases, the Contractor's risk (α100) is 5 percent and the risk of rejection (α) is significantly lower.

As an incentive to produce uniform quality work and to offset the Contractor's risk, a final payment greater than the contract price may be obtained under certain conditions.

The quality characteristics to be evaluated, lot size, sampling frequency, sampling location, test methods, specification limits, and category are as follows:

(1) Quality characteristics. The quality characteristics to be evaluated are listed in the Acceptance Subsection of each Section.

(2) Lot size. A lot is a discrete quantity of work to which the statistical evaluation procedure is applied. A lot normally represents the total quantity of work produced. More than one lot may occur if changes in the target values, material sources, or job-mix formula are requested in writing and approved.

(3) Sampling frequency. The frequency of sampling is listed in the Acceptance Subsection of each Section. The frequency rate shown normally results in a minimum of 5 samples. The minimum number required to perform a statistical evaluation is 3. The maximum obtainable pay factor with 3, 4, or 5 samples is 1.01. A minimum of 8 samples are required to obtain a 1.05 pay factor.

If the sampling frequencies and quantity of work would otherwise result in fewer than 8 samples, a written request is required to increase the sampling frequency to provide for a minimum of 8 samples. Provide the request to increase the sampling frequency at least 48 hours before beginning production. An increase in the sampling frequency may result in a reduced pay factor.

(4) Sampling location. The point of sampling is listed in the Acceptance Subsection of each Section. The exact location of sampling will be specified by the CO based on random numbers.

(5) Test methods. The test methods used to test the sample are listed in the Acceptance Subsection of each Section.

(6) Specification limits. The specification limits for the quality characteristics are listed in the contract provisions for the work in question.

(7) Category. The category for the quality characteristics to be analyzed is listed in the acceptance subsection of each Section.

(b) Acceptance. The work in the lot will be paid for at a final pay factor when all inspections or test results are completed and evaluated.

Before determining the final pay factor, the work may be incorporated into the project provided the current pay factor does not fall below 0.90. If a lot is concluded with fewer than 3 samples, the material will be evaluated under Subsection 106.04.

If the current pay factor of a lot falls below 0.90, terminate production. Production may resume after the Contractor takes effective and acceptable actions to improve the quality of the production.

A lot containing an unsatisfactory percentage of nonspecification material (less than 1.00 pay factor) is accepted provided the lowest single pay factor has not fallen into the reject portion of Table 106-2.

A lot containing an unsatisfactory percentage of nonspecification material with the lowest single pay factor falling into the reject portion of Table 106-2 is rejected. Remove all rejected material from the work.

When approved, it is permissible to voluntarily remove nonspecification material and replace it with new material to avoid or minimize a pay factor of less than 1.00. New material will be sampled, tested, and evaluated according to this Subsection.

Any quantity of material may be rejected based on visual inspection or test results. Do not incorporate rejected material in the work. The results of tests run on rejected material will be excluded from the lot.

(c) Statistical evaluation. The Variability-Unknown/Standard Deviation Method will be used to determine the estimated percentage of the lot that is within specification limits.

The number of significant figures used in the calculations will be according to AASHTO R 11, absolute method.

The estimated percentage of work that is within the specification limits for each quality characteristic will be determined as follows:

(1) Calculate the arithmetic mean ( ) of the test values:

where:

∑ = summation of x = individual test value n = total number of test values

(2) Calculate the standard deviation (s):

s = where: ∑(x2) = summation of the squares of individual test values

(∑x)2 = summation of the individual test values squared

(3) Calculate the upper quality index (QU): QU = where: USL = upper specification limit

Note: The USL is equal to the contract specification limit or the target value plus the allowable deviation.

(4) Calculate the lower quality index (QL): QL = where: LSL = lower specification limit

Note: The LSL is equal to the contract specification limit or the target value minus the allowable deviation.

(5) From Table 106-1, determine PU (the estimated percentage of work within the USL). PU corresponds to a given QU. If a USL is not specified, PU is 100.

(6) From Table 106-1, determine PL (the estimated percentage of work within the lot within the LSL). PL corresponds to a given QL. If an LSL is not specified, PL is 100.

(7) Calculate the total estimated percentage of work within the USL and LSL:

PU + PL - 100

(8) Repeat steps 1 through 7 for each quality characteristic listed for statistical evaluation.

(d) Pay factor determination (value of the work). The pay factor for a lot will be determined as follows:

(1) From Table 106-2, determine the pay factor for each quality characteristic using the total number of test values and the total estimated percentage within the specification limits from step (c)(7).

(2) When all quality characteristics for a lot are Category I, the lot pay factor is based on the lowest single pay factor for any Category I quality characteristic. The maximum obtainable pay factor is 1.05 (with a minimum of 8 test values).

(3) When quality characteristics for a lot are both Category I and II, the lot pay factor is based on the following:

(a) When all Category II quality characteristics are 1.00, the lot payment is based on the lowest single pay factor for all category I characteristics. The maximum obtainable pay factor is 1.05 (with a minimum of 8 test values).

Table 106-1

Estimated Percent of Work Within Specification Limits Estimated

Percent within Specification Limits

(PU or PL) Upper Quality Index QU or Lower Quality Index QL

to n=11 n=12 to n=14

1.16

1.15

1.14 1.49

1.46

1.43

1.40

1.37

1.34 1.72

1.64

1.58

1.52

1.47

1.42 1.88

1.75

1.66

1.59

1.52

1.47 1.99

1.82

1.72

1.63

1.56

1.49 2.07

1.88

1.75

1.66

1.58

1.51 2.13

1.91

1.78

1.68

1.60

1.52 2.20

1.96

1.81

1.71

1.62

1.54 2.28

2.01

1.84

1.73

1.64

1.55

1.13

1.12

1.11

1.10 1.31

1.28

1.25

1.22

1.19 1.38

1.33

1.29

1.25

1.21 1.41

1.36

1.31

1.27

1.23 1.43

1.38

1.33

1.28

1.23 1.45

1.39

1.33

1.28

1.24 1.46

1.40

1.34

1.29

1.24 1.47

1.41

1.35

1.29

1.24 1.48

1.41

1.35

1.30

1.25

1.09

1.07

1.06

1.04

1.03 1.16

1.13

1.10

1.07

1.04 1.18

1.14

1.10

1.07

1.03 1.18

1.14

1.10

1.07

1.03 1.19

1.15

1.10

1.07

1.03 1.19

1.15

1.10

1.06

1.03 1.19

1.15

1.10

1.06

1.02 1.19

1.15

1.10

1.06

1.02 1.20

1.15

1.11

1.06

1.02

1.01

0.99

0.97

0.95

0.93 1.01

0.98

0.95

0.92

0.89 1.00

0.97

0.93

0.90

0.87 0.99

0.96

0.92

0.89

0.86 0.99

0.95

0.92

0.88

0.85 0.99

0.95

0.92

0.88

0.85 0.99

0.95

0.91

0.88

0.84 0.98

0.95

0.91

0.87

0.84 0.98

0.94

0.91

0.87

0.84

0.91

0.88

0.86

0.83

0.81 0.86

0.83

0.80

0.77

0.74 0.84

0.81

0.77

0.74

0.71 0.82

0.79

0.76

0.73

0.70 0.82

0.79

0.75

0.72

0.69 0.81

0.78

0.75

0.72

0.69 0.81

0.78

0.74

0.71

0.68 0.81

0.77

0.74

0.71

0.68 0.80

0.77

0.74

0.70

0.67

0.78

0.75

0.73

0.70

0.67 0.71

0.68

0.65

0.62

0.59 0.68

0.65

0.62

0.59

0.56 0.67

0.64

0.61

0.58

0.55 0.67

0.63

0.60

0.57

0.54 0.65

0.62

0.59

0.57

0.54 0.65

0.62

0.59

0.56

0.53 0.65

0.62

0.59

0.56

0.53 0.64

0.61

0.58

0.55

0.52

0.64

0.61

0.58

0.55

0.51 0.56

0.53

0.50

0.47

0.44 0.53

0.50

0.47

0.45

0.42 0.52

0.49

0.46

0.43

0.40 0.51

0.48

0.45

0.43

0.40 0.51

0.48

0.45

0.42

0.39 0.50

0.48

0.45

0.42

0.39 0.50

0.47

0.44

0.42

0.39 0.50

0.47

0.44

0.41

0.38

0.48

0.45

0.41

0.38

0.34 0.41

0.38

0.35

0.30

0.28 0.39

0.36

0.33

0.30

0.28 0.38

0.35

0.32

0.30

0.25 0.37

0.34

0.32

0.29

0.25 0.37

0.34

0.31

0.28

0.25 0.36

0.34

0.31

0.28

0.25 0.36

0.33

0.31

0.28

0.25 0.36

0.33

0.30

0.28

0.25

0.31

0.30

0.25

0.20

0.18 0.27

0.25

0.20

0.18

0.15 0.25

0.23

0.18

0.16

0.13 0.23

0.20

0.18

0.15

0.13 0.23

0.20

0.18

0.15

0.13 0.23

0.20

0.18

0.15

0.13 0.23

0.20

0.18

0.15

0.13 0.23

0.20

0.18

0.15

0.13 0.23

0.20

0.18

0.15

0.13

0.15

0.10

0.08

0.05

0.00 0.13

0.10

0.05

0.03

0.00 0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.00 0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.00 0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.00 0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.00 0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.00 0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.00 0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.00

ADVANCE \d 2Note: If the value of QU or QL does not correspond to a value in the table, use the next lower Q value.

If QU or QL are negative values, PU or PL is equal to 100 minus the table value for PU or PL.

(continued)

Table 106-1 (continued) Estimated Percent of Work Within Specification Limits Estimated

Percent within

Specification Limits

(PU or PL) Upper Quality Index QU or Lower Quality Index QL n=15 to n=17 n=18 to n=22 n=23 to n=29 n=30 to n=42 n=43 to n=66 n=67 to

2.34

2.04

1.87

1.75

1.65

1.56 2.39

2.07

1.89

1.76

1.66

1.57 2.44

2.09

1.91

1.78

1.67

1.58 2.48

2.12

1.93

1.79

1.68

1.59 2.51

2.14

1.94

1.80

1.69

1.59 2.56

2.16

1.95

1.81

1.70

1.60

1.49

1.42

1.36

1.30

1.25 1.50

1.43

1.36

1.30

1.25 1.50

1.43

1.37

1.31

1.25 1.51

1.44

1.37

1.31

1.25 1.51

1.44

1.37

1.31

1.26 1.52

1.44

1.38

1.31

1.26

1.20

1.15

1.11

1.06

1.02 1.20

1.15

1.11

1.06

1.02 1.20

1.15

1.11

1.06

1.02 1.20

1.15

1.11

1.06

1.02 1.20

1.15

1.11

1.06

1.02 1.20

1.15

1.11

1.06

1.02

0.98

0.94

0.91

0.87

0.83 0.98

0.94

0.90

0.87

0.83 0.98

0.94

0.90

0.87

0.83 0.98

0.94

0.90

0.87

0.83 0.98

0.94

0.90

0.87

0.83 0.98

0.94

0.90

0.87

0.83

0.80

0.77

0.73

0.70

0.67 0.80

0.76

0.73

0.70

0.67 0.80

0.76

0.73

0.70

0.67 0.80

0.76

0.73

0.70

0.67 0.80

0.76

0.73

0.70

0.67 0.79

0.76

0.73

0.70

0.66

0.64

0.61

0.58

0.55

0.52 0.64

0.61

0.58

0.55

0.52 0.64

0.61

0.58

0.55

0.52 0.64

0.61

0.58

0.55

0.52 0.64

0.61

0.58

0.55

0.52 0.63

0.60

0.57

0.54

0.52

0.49

0.47

0.44

0.41

0.38 0.49

0.46

0.44

0.41

0.38 0.49

0.46

0.43

0.41

0.38 0.49

0.46

0.43

0.41

0.38 0.49

0.46

0.43

0.41

0.38 0.49

0.46

0.43

0.40

0.38

0.36

0.33

0.30

0.28

0.25 0.35

0.33

0.30

0.28

0.25 0.35

0.33

0.30

0.28

0.25 0.35

0.33

0.30

0.28

0.25 0.35

0.33

0.30

0.28

0.25 0.35

0.32

0.30

0.28

0.25

0.23

0.20

0.18

0.15

0.13 0.23

0.20

0.18

0.15

0.13 0.23

0.20

0.18

0.15

0.13 0.23

0.20

0.18

0.15

0.13 0.23

0.20

0.18

0.15

0.13 0.23

0.20

0.18

0.15

0.13

0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.00 0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.00 0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.00 0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.00 0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.00 0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.00

ADVANCE \d 2Note: If the value of QU or QL does not correspond to a value in the table, use the next lower Q value.

If QU or QL are negative values, PU or PL is equal to 100 minus the table value for PU or PL.

to

n=43 n=66

n=30 n=42

n=23 n=29

n=18 n=22

n=15 n=17

n=12 n=14

n=10 n=11

n=7

n=6

n=5

n=4

n=3

to

n=43 n=66

n=30 n=42

n=23 n=29

n=18 n=22

n=15 n=17

n=12 n=14

n=10 n=11

(b) When any Category II quality characteristic is less than 1.00, the lot payment is based on the lowest single pay factor for any Category I or II quality characteristic.

(4) When all quality characteristics for a lot are Category II, the lot pay factor is based on the lowest single pay factor for any Category II quality characteristic. The maximum obtainable pay factor is 1.00.

(5) Adjusted payment for material in a lot will be made at a price determined by multiplying the contract unit bid price by the lot pay factor as determined above, or as described in the Payment Subsection of the Section ordering the work.

106.06 Inspection at the Plant. Work may be inspected at the point of production or fabrication. Manufacturing plants may be inspected for compliance with specified manufacturing methods. Material samples may be obtained for laboratory testing for compliance with quality requirements. Allow full entry at all times to the parts of the plant producing the work.

106.07 Partial and Final Acceptance. Maintain the work during construction and until the project is accepted. Damage caused by the Contractor prior to final acceptance of the entire project will be repaired at the Contractor’s expense. See FAR Clause 52.236-11 Use and Possession Prior to Completion.

(a) Partial acceptance. When a separate portion of the project is completed, a final inspection of that portion may be requested. If the portion is complete and in compliance with the contract, it may be accepted. If accepted, the CO will relieve the Contractor of further responsibility for maintenance of the completed portion. Partial acceptance does not void or alter any of the terms of the contract.

When public traffic is accommodated through construction and begins using sections of roadway as they are completed, continue maintenance of such sections until final acceptance.

(b) Final acceptance. When notified that the entire project is complete, an inspection will be scheduled. If all work is determined to be complete, the inspection will constitute the final inspection and the Contractor will be notified in writing of final acceptance as of the date of the final inspection. Final acceptance relieves the Contractor of further responsibility for the maintenance of the project.

If the inspection discloses any unsatisfactory work, the CO will provide to the Contractor a list of the work that is incomplete or requires correction. Immediately complete or correct the work. Furnish notification when the work has been completed as provided above.

_1067750223.unknown

_1075614452.unknown

_1099302608.unknown

_1067750278.unknown

_1067750183.unknown

_1066717713.unknown