Attachment J1lSpecsEditedVersion.doc

IDIQ Roads Related Work Construction/Reconstruction Project

Medicine Bow/Routt National Forests and Thunder Basin National Grasslands Contract AG-82X9-S-11-0062

Attachment J.1 Standard and Supplemental Specifications Standard Specifications for Construction of Roads and Bridges on Federal Highway Projects FP03 (2003) are applicable to this project. They are referenced herein as a general indication of the requirements governing the work. Specific requirements within these specifications will be referenced in individual task orders.

DIVISION

TITLE

SECTION (SPECIFICATION)

General Requirements

All

Project Requirements

Earthwork

Slope Reinforcement and Retaining Walls 251 - 257

Aggregate Courses

301 - 308

Incidental Construction

All except 636, 637

Material

All, as applicable.

And all specifications referenced by the above specifications.

Supplemental Specifications The following list of Supplement Specifications modify the Standard Specifications, they are included herein (pages 4-60).

Section Title

101 - Terms, Format, and Definitions

102 - Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

103 - Scope of Work

104 - Control of Work

105 - Control of Material

106 - Acceptance of Work

107 - Legal Relations and Responsibility to the Public

108 - Prosecution and Progress

109 - Measurement and Payment 151 - Mobilization

153 - Contractor Quality Control 155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts 157 - Soil Erosion Control 171 - Weed and Disease Prevention 201 - Clearing and Grubbing

203 - Removal of Structures and Obstructions

204 - Excavation and Embankment

209 - Structure Excavation and Backfill

211 - Roadway Obliteration

230 - Roadside Brushing

301 - Untreated Aggregate Courses

303 - Road Reconditioning 322 - Minor Aggregate Courses 602 - Culverts and Drains

619 - Fences, Gates, and Cattleguards 625 - Turf Establishment 703 - Aggregate 718 - Traffic Signing and Marking Material

Special Project Specifications

The following Special Project Specifications are stand-alone specifications. They are included in their entirety herein (pages 61-77).

Section Title

171 Weed and Disease Prevention

Slide and Slump Repair

Ditch Cleaning

Surface Blading

Surface Repair

Drainage Structures

Miscellaneous Structures

Developing Water Supply and Watering

Level 1 Road Maintenance

Level 2 Road Maintenance

Level 3 Road Maintenance

Location of Project

The project area is described herein and shown on the attached maps (See Section J, List of Attachments). The work is located within the Medicine Bow/Routt National Forests and Thunder Basin National Grassland.

Performance of the Work

All work shall be conducted in a safe and expedient manner and in conformance with the specifications referenced in the task order. When applicable, traffic control shall be in accordance with standards set forth in the most current edition of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD). See general notes for discussion of compensation for traffic control work.

Equipment All equipment shall be in good repair, and capable of accomplishing assigned tasks in a safe and environmentally acceptable manner. Where applicable, all equipment shall be fitted with approved spark arrestors.

All equipment shall be cleaned of earthen and vegetative materials that may contain weed seed prior to delivery onto National Forest Lands. See Supplemental Specification 171 - Weed and Disease Prevention.

Bonding

Task orders which exceed $30,000 in scope will require the Contractor to provide a payment security. Bonding costs are covered under pay item 151(12).

Equipment and Materials Storage & Staging Upon concurrence from the Contracting Officer, certain areas on the National Forests may be used on a case-by-case basis for storage of equipment and/or materials during active construction and/or maintenance periods. The Contractor shall be responsible for protection of items stored on Government property, and shall ensure adequate safety measures are maintained at such sites.

Routine Road Maintenance- Gravel and Native Surfaced Roads

When the task order calls for routine blading (road grading) of forest roads, equipment operators with no previous national forest road maintenance experience shall view a short (18-minute) video on proper road maintenance techniques prior to beginning work. The operator shall work in a manner that closely follows the techniques shown in the video.

SUPPLEMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS

101 - Terms, Format, and Definitions

101.00_nat_us_07_25_2005 101.01_nat_us_01_22_2009

101.01 Meaning of Terms

Delete all references to the TAR (Transportation Acquisition Regulations) in the specifications.

101.03_nat_us_06_16_2006

101.03 Abbreviations.

Add the following to (a) Acronyms:

AFPA

MSHA

NIST

NESC

WCLIB

American Forest and Paper Association Mine Safety and Health Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology National Electrical Safety Code West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau

Add the following to (b) SI symbols:

101.04_nat_us_03_29_2007

101.04 Definitions.

Delete the following definitions and substitute the following:

Bid Schedule--The Schedule of Items.

Bridge--No definition.

Contractor--The individual or legal entity contracting with the Government for performance of prescribed work. In a timber sale contract, the contractor is the “purchaser”.

Culvert--No definition.

Right-of-Way--A general term denoting (1) the privilege to pass over land in some particular line (including easement, lease, permit, or license to occupy, use, or traverse public or private lands), or (2) Real property necessary for the project, including roadway, buffer areas, access, and drainage areas.

Add the following:

Adjustment in Contract Price--“Equitable adjustment,” as used in the Federal Acquisition Regulations, or “construction cost adjustment,” as used in the Timber Sale Contract, as applicable.

Change--“Change” means “change order” as used in the Federal Acquisition Regulations, or “design change” as used in the Timber Sale Contract.

Design Quantity--“Design quantity” is a Forest Service method of measurement from the FS-96 Forest Service Specifications for the Construction of Roads and Bridges. Under these FP specifications this term is replaced by the term “Contract Quantities”.

Forest Service--The United States of America, acting through the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Neat Line--A line defining the proposed or specified limits of an excavation or structure.

Pioneer Road--Temporary construction access built along the route of the project.

Purchaser--The individual, partnership, joint venture, or corporation contracting with the Government under the terms of a Timber Sale Contract and acting independently or through agents, employees, or subcontractors.

Protected Streamcourse--A drainage shown on the plans or timber sale area map that requires designated mitigation measures.

Road Order--An order affecting and controlling traffic on roads under Forest Service jurisdiction. Road Orders are issued by a designated Forest Officer under the authorities of 36 CFR, part 260.

Schedule of Items--A schedule in the contract that contains a listing and description of construction items, quantities, units of measure, unit price, and amount.

Utilization Standards--The minimum size and percent soundness of trees described in the specifications to determine merchantable timber.

Add Figure 101-1—Illustration of road structure terms:

102 - Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

102.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

102 Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

Delete Section 102 in its entirety.

103 - Scope of Work 103.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

Deletions

Delete all but subsection 103.01 Intent of Contract.

104 - Control of Work

104.00_nat_us_06_16_2006

Deletions

Delete Sections 104.01, 104.02, and 104.04.

104.06_nat_us_02_17_2005

Add the following subsection:

104.06 Use of Roads by Contractor

The Contractor is authorized to use roads under the jurisdiction of the Forest Service for all activities necessary to complete this contract, subject to the limitations and authorizations designated in the Road Order(s) or described in the contract, when such use will not damage the roads or national forest resources, and when traffic can be accommodated safely.

105 - Control of Material

105.02_nat_us_01_18_2007

105.02 Material Sources.

105.02(a) Government-provided sources.

Add the following:

Comply with the requirements of 30 CFR 56, subparts B and H. Use all suitable material for aggregate regardless of size unless otherwise designated. When required, re-establish vegetation in disturbed areas according to section 625.

105.05_nat_us_05_12_2004

105.05 Use of Material Found in the Work.

Delete 105.05 (a) and (b) and the last sentence of the second paragraph and substitute the following:

Materials produced or processed from Government lands in excess of the quantities required for performance of this contract are the property of the Government. The Government is not obligated to make reimbursement for the cost of producing these materials.

106 - Acceptance of Work

106.07_nat_us_05_11_2004

106.07 Delete

Delete subsection 106.07.

107 - Legal Relations and Responsibility to the Public 107.05_nat_us_05_11_2004

107.05 Responsibility for Damage Claims.

Delete the entire subsection.

107.06_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.06 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work.

Delete the following from the first paragraph.

“except as provided in Subsection 106.07”.

107.09_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.09 Legal Relationship of the Parties.

Delete the entire subsection.

107.10_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.10 Environmental Protection.

Add the following:

Design and locate equipment repair shops, stationary refueling sites, or other facilities to minimize the potential and impacts of hazardous material spills on Government land.

Before beginning any work, submit a Hazardous Spill Plan. List actions to be taken in the event of a spill. Incorporate preventive measures to be taken, such as the location of mobile refueling facilities, storage and handling of hazardous materials, and similar information. Immediately notify the CO of all hazardous material spills. Provide a written narrative report form no later than 24 hours after the initial report and include the following:

· Description of the item spilled (including identity, quantity, manifest number, and other identifying information).

· Whether amount spilled is EPA or state reportable, and if so whether it was reported, and to whom.

· Exact time and location of spill including a description of the area involved.

· Containment procedures.

· Summary of any communications the Contractor had with news media, Federal, state and local regulatory agencies and officials, or Forest Service officials.

· Description of clean-up procedures employed or to be employed at the site including final disposition and disposal location of spill residue.

When available provide copies of all spill related clean up and closure documentation and correspondence from regulatory agencies.

The Contractor is solely responsible for all spills or leaks that occur during the performance of this contract. Clean up spills or leaks to the satisfaction of the CO and in a manner that complies with Federal, state, and local laws and regulations.

108 - Prosecution and Progress

108.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

108 Delete.

Delete Section 108 in its entirety.

109 - Measurement and Payment

109.00_nat_us_02_17_2005

109 Deletions

Delete the following entire subsections:

109.06 Pricing of Adjustments.

109.07 Eliminated Work.

109.08 Progress Payments.

109.09 Final Payment.

109.02_nat_us_06_16_2006

109.02 Measurement Terms and Definitions.

(b) Contract quantity.

Add the following:

Contract quantities will be adjusted only when there are errors in the original design of 15% or more.

Change the following:

“(b) Cubic yard” to “(c) Cubic yard”.

Add the following definition:

(p) Thousand Board Feet (Mbf). 1,000 board feet based on nominal widths, thickness, and extreme usable length of each piece of lumber or timber actually incorporated in the job. For glued laminated timber, 1,000 board feet based on actual width, thickness, and length of each piece actually incorporated in the job.

151 - Mobilization

Payment

151.03 Add the following sentence to the first paragraph:

Bonding shall apply to task orders exceeding $30,000.00 in contract amount, per individual task order, and shall be paid for under Pay Item 151(12). Mobilization for End-Result Pay Items will be covered via the 151(xx) Pay Items corresponding to the equipment required to accomplish the work. Any additional equipment needed for which a separate 151(xx) mobilization Pay Item is not shown on the Schedule of Items shall be considered incidental, and no separate payment will be made.

151.03 (b) and 151.03 (c): Change “original contract amount” to “original task order amount.”

Payment

151.03 Delete the entire section; replace with:

Payment will be made at the unit rates shown in the SCHEDULE OF ITEMS. Mobilization Pay Items will be denoted by 151(xx)M, the “xx” corresponding to the specific piece of equipment under consideration.

153 - Contractor Quality Control

153.02_nat_us_02_17_2005

153.02 Contractor Quality Control Plan.

Add the following:

Submit written proposals for approval of alternate AASHTO or State approved test methods. Alternate methods may be allowed based on documented equivalence to the specified method.

153.04_nat_us_10_24_2007

153.04 Records.

Delete all but the first sentence 155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts

155.00_nat_us_05_11_2004

155 Delete.

Delete Section 155 in its entirety.

156 - Public Traffic

156.00_nat_us_04_17_2007

Delete Section 156 in its entirety and replace with the following:

Description

156.01 This work consists of controlling and protecting public traffic adjacent to and within the project.

156.02 Conform to the MUTCD and the following Sections and Subsections:

Construction sign panels

Retro-reflective sheeting

718.01

Temporary concrete barrier

Temporary plastic fence

710.11

Temporary traffic control devices

718.22

156.03 General. Unless otherwise provided for in Table 156-1, keep existing roads open to all traffic during road improvement work, and maintain them in a condition that will adequately accommodate traffic. Maximum traffic delays will be specified per task order.

Perform no work that interferes or conflicts with traffic or existing access to the roadway surface until a traffic control plan has been approved. Post construction signs and traffic control devices in conformance with MUTCD. All required signs will be in place and approved prior to beginning work on project.

If the Contractor agrees in writing to allow public traffic to use a new road being constructed prior to completion, it will be considered an existing road for traffic control purposes.

156.04 Temporary Traffic Control. Install and maintain temporary traffic control devices adjacent to and within the project as required by the approved traffic control plan and the MUTCD. Install and maintain traffic control devices as follows:

(a) Furnish and install traffic control devices before the start of construction operations.

(b) All detours outside of clearing limits will be approved in writing by the Contracting Officer as part of the traffic control plan.

(c) Install only those traffic control devices needed for each stage or phase.

(d) Relocate temporary traffic control devices as necessary.

(e) Remove devices that no longer apply to the existing conditions.

(f) Immediately replace any device that is lost, stolen, destroyed, or inoperative.

(g) Keep temporary traffic control devices clean.

(h) Remove all temporary traffic control devices upon contract completion or when approved.

(i) When required, use flaggers certified by the American Traffic Safety Services Association, the National Safety Council, the International Municipal Signal Association, a state agency, or other acceptable organization. Perform the work described under MUTCD Part 6. Use type III, VII, VIII, or IX retroreflective sheeting on flagger paddles. Do not use flags. Flaggers must wear high visibility safety apparel as required by MUTCD 6E.02.

156.05 Temporary Closures. Road segments may be closed as shown in Table 156-1. The maximum consecutive days of closure shall be followed by a minimum number of consecutive days open to traffic as shown. Maintain traffic control devices during closure period(s). Appropriate barricades and signs will be erected and maintained as shown in the traffic control plan or as otherwise designated.

Prior to closing roads during construction, give written notice to the Contracting Officer at least 10 days in advance.

Table 156-1

Temporary Road Closures

156.06 Acceptance. Public traffic work will be evaluated under Subsection 106.02.

Measurement and Payment

156.07 Do not measure Public Traffic for payment. Compensation is made as an indirect payment.

157 - Soil Erosion Control

157.00_01_us_10_10_2006

157.02 Materials

Add the following:

Provide bales, wattles, logs and rolls from a certified noxious weed free source.

157.03 General.

Delete the first two paragraphs and replace with the following:

Prepare, file and submit storm water permits as required by the State with jurisdiction, including payment of necessary fees. The storm water permits shall be for ___ outfalls.

Submit an Erosion Control Plan detailing permanent and temporary control measures to minimize erosion and sedimentation during and after construction in accordance with the plans and storm water permits. Do not modify the type, size, or location of any control or practice without approval. Submit the erosion control plan proposal at least 7 days before operations begin to the CO for approval.

Reflect in the Erosion Control Plan special concerns and measures necessary to protect resources and government improvements. Include:

(a) The construction activities and sequence of implementation relating to specific erosion control measures.

(b) The location and type of permanent controls to be implemented during construction.

(c) The location and type of temporary controls to be implemented during construction.

(d) For work in stream channels with running water a detailed dewatering plan.

(e) For work in stream channels without flowing water describe level of ground and vegetative disturbance and measures to reduce potential sediment delivery.

(f) Description of the monitoring plan.

Add the following to the third paragraph:

Upon completion of construction at the site, remove all temporary erosion control devices, dewatering materials and equipment from Government property.

157.08 Water Crossings.

Add the following:

At any channel crossing where there is running water, dewater by rerouting water flow around the site before and during excavation and embankment operations.

157.09 Diversions.

Delete the first sentence and replace with the following:

When shown on the plans, construct temporary channels, temporary culverts, or sandbags to divert water around disturbed areas and slopes. Earthen dams are prohibited.

171 – Weed and Disease Prevention Description

171.01 This work consists of washing and treating construction equipment to remove seeds, plants, and plant fragments from the equipment before the equipment is used on National Forest System lands.

171.02 Conform to the following Subsection:

Water

725.01

Construction Requirements

171.03 General. Notify the CO in writing at least 15 days before moving any construction equipment onto National Forest System lands. Construction equipment does not include cars, pickup trucks, and other vehicles that regularly travel between the construction site and areas outside of National Forest System lands.

Perform all work at a location designated on the plans or other locations approved in writing. Provide the CO with an opportunity to monitor the washing and inspection.

171.04 Equipment. Use a high pressure washing system.

For work on National Forest System lands, use a washing system that traps all wash water and either stores it for removal from National Forest System lands or recycles the water for continued use. If the equipment recycles the water, provide adequate filters for seed removal. Dispose of the filter material and removed seeds in an approved manner. Do not mix soaps, detergents, or other chemicals with the wash water.

For work at a commercial washing facility, use an approved facility.

171.05 Washing. Wash the sides, tops, and undercarriages of all construction equipment. Remove all seeds, plants, plant fragments, dirt, and debris from the construction equipment.

171.06 Inspection. Inspect the washed construction equipment, including the undercarriage, to ensure that the washing removed the dirt, debris, and seeds from the construction equipment. Rewash the construction equipment as necessary or as directed.

171.07 Acceptance. Weed prevention will be evaluated under Subsection 106.02.

201 - Clearing and Grubbing 201.01_nat_us_02_18_2005

201.01 Description

Replace with the following

This work consists of clearing and grubbing within clearing limits and other designated areas.

203 - Removal of Structures and Obstructions 203.01_nat_us_02_25_2005

203.01 Description.

Delete and replace with the following:

This work consists of disposing of construction slash and debris, salvaging, removing, and disposing of buildings, fences, structures, pavements, culverts, utilities, curbs, sidewalks, and other obstructions.

203.05_nat_us_02_24_2005

203.05 Disposing of Material.

Add the following:

(e): Scattering. Scatter pieces of wood less than 3 inches in diameter and 3 feet in length within the clearing limits. Do not place construction slash in lakes, meadows, streams, or streambeds. Immediately remove construction slash that interferes with drainage structures.

203.05_0114_us_02_15_2005

203.05 Disposing of Material.

(a) Remove from project.

Delete the last two sentences

204 - Excavation and Embankment 204.00_01_us_10_11_2006

Delete Section 204 in its entirety and replace with the following.

Description

204.01 This work consists of excavating material, constructing embankments and drainage excavation. This includes furnishing, hauling, stockpiling, placing, disposing, sloping, shaping, compacting, and finishing earthen and rocky material.

204.02 Definitions.

(a) Excavation. Excavation consists of the following:

(1) Roadway excavation. All material excavated from within the right-of-way or easement areas, except subexcavation covered in (2) below and structure excavation covered in Sections 208 and 209. Roadway excavation includes all material encountered regardless of its nature or characteristics.

(2) Subexcavation. Material excavated from below subgrade elevation in cut sections or from below the original groundline in embankment sections. Subexcavation does not include the work required by Subsections 204.05, 204.06(b), and 204.06(c).

(3) Borrow excavation. Material used for embankment construction that is obtained from outside the roadway prism. Borrow excavation includes unclassified borrow, select borrow, and select topping.

(b) Embankment construction. Embankment construction consists of placing and compacting roadway or borrow excavation. This work includes:

(1) Preparing foundation for embankment;

(2) Constructing roadway embankments;

(3) Benching for side-hill embankments;

(4) Constructing dikes, ramps, mounds, and berms; and

(5) Backfilling subexcavated areas, holes, pits, and other depressions.

(c) Conserved topsoil. Excavated material conserved from the roadway excavation and embankment foundation areas that is suitable for growth of grass, cover crops, or native vegetation.

(d) Waste. Excess and unsuitable roadway excavation and subexcavation that cannot be used.

Material

204.03 Conform to the following Subsections:

Backfill material

704.03

Select borrow

704.07

Select topping

704.08

Topping

704.05

Unclassified borrow

704.06

Water

725.01

Construction Requirements

204.04 Preparation for Roadway Excavation and Embankment Construction. Clear the area of vegetation and obstructions according to Sections 201 and 203.

204.05 Reserved.

204.06 Roadway Excavation. Excavate as follows:

(a) General. Do not disturb material and vegetation outside the construction limits.

Incorporate only suitable material into embankments. Replace any shortage of suitable material caused by premature disposal of roadway excavation

At the end of each day's operations, shape to drain and compact the work area to a uniform cross-section. Eliminate all ruts and low spots that could hold water.

Retrieve material deposited outside of the clearing limits as directed by the CO.

(b) Rock cuts. Blast rock according to Section 205. Excavate rock cuts to 6 inches below subgrade within the roadbed limits. Backfill to subgrade with topping or with other suitable material. Compact the material according to Subsection 204.11 When blasting rock, use blasting methods according to Subsection 205.08.

(c) Earth cuts. Scarify earth cuts to 6 inches below subgrade within the roadbed limits. Compact the scarified material according to Subsection 204.11.

(d) Pioneer Roads. Road pioneering, slash disposal, and grubbing of stumps may proceed concurrently with excavation. Conduct excavation and placement operations so material to be treated under Section 201 will not be incorporated into the roadway unless specified in the slash treatment method. Maintain drainage during pioneering operations.

Remove snow and ice in advance of the work and deposit beyond the roadway limits in a manner that will not waste material or generate sediment. Do not incorporate snow and ice into embankments. Place snow or ice in a manner to prevent resource damage.

(e ) Drainage Excavation. Drainage excavation includes construction of all ditches, minor channel changes, drainage dips, catchbasins, surface water deflectors, and other minor drainage structures. Compact by Method (f) unless otherwise shown on the plans. Excavate on a uniform grade between control points.

204.07 Subexcavation. Excavate material to the limits as designated. Take cross-sections according to Section 152. Prevent unsuitable material from becoming mixed with the backfill. Dispose of unsuitable material according to Subsection 204.14. Backfill the subexcavation with topping, or other suitable material. Compact the material according to Subsection 204.11.

204.08 Borrow Excavation. Use all suitable roadway excavation in embankment construction. Do not use borrow excavation when it results in excess roadway excavation. Deduct excess borrow excavation from the appropriate borrow excavation quantity.

Obtain borrow source acceptance according to Subsection 105.02. Develop and restore borrow sources according to Subsection 105.03. Do not excavate beyond the established limits. When applicable, shape the borrow source to permit accurate measurements when excavation is complete.

204.09 Preparing Foundation for Embankment Construction. Prepare foundation for embankment construction as follows:

(a) Embankment less than 4 feet high over natural ground. Unless otherwise designated by the CO, remove topsoil. Break up the ground surface to a minimum depth of 6 inches by plowing or scarifying. Compact the ground surface according to Subsection 204.11.

(b) Embankments over an existing asphalt, concrete, or gravel road surface. Scarify gravel roads to a minimum depth of 6 inches. Scarify or pulverize asphalt and concrete roads to 6 inches below the pavement. Reduce all particles to a maximum size of 6 inches and produce a uniform material. Compact the surface according to Subsection 204.11.

(c) Embankment across ground not capable of supporting equipment. Dump successive loads of embankment material in a uniformly distributed layer to construct the lower portion of the embankment. Limit the layer thickness to the minimum depth necessary to support the equipment.

(d) Embankment on an existing slope steeper than 1V:3H. Cut horizontal benches in the existing slope to a sufficient width to accommodate placement and compaction operations and equipment. Bench the slope as the embankment is placed and compacted in layers. Begin each bench at the intersection of the original ground and the vertical cut of the previous bench.

204.10 Embankment Construction. Incorporate only suitable roadway excavation material into the embankment. When the supply of suitable roadway excavation is exhausted, furnish unclassified borrow to complete the embankment. Obtain written approval before beginning construction of embankments over 6 feet high at subgrade centerline. Construct embankments as follows:

(a) General. At the end of each day's operations, shape to drain and compact the embankment surface to a uniform cross-section. Eliminate all ruts and low spots that could hold water.

During all stages of construction, route and distribute hauling and leveling equipment over the width and length of each layer of material.

Compact embankment side slopes flatter than 1V:1.75H with a tamping type roller or by walking with a dozer. For slopes 1V:1.75H or steeper, compact the slopes as construction of the embankment progresses.

Where placing embankment on one side of abutments, wing walls, piers, or culvert headwalls, compact the material using methods that prevent excessive pressure against the structure.

Where placing embankment material on both sides of a concrete wall or box structure, conduct operations so compacted embankment material is at the same elevation on both sides of the structure.

Where structural pilings are placed in embankment locations, limit the maximum particle size to 4 inches.

(b) Embankment within the roadway prism. Place embankment material in horizontal layers not exceeding 12 inches in compacted thickness. Incorporate oversize boulders or rock fragments into the 12-inch layers by reducing them in size or placing them individually as required by (c) below. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

Material composed predominately of boulders or rock fragments too large for 12‑inch layers may be placed in layers up to 24 inches thick. Incorporate oversize boulders or rock fragments into the 24-inch layer by reducing them in size or placing them individually according to (c) below. Place sufficient earth and smaller rocks to fill the voids. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

(c) Individual rock fragments and boulders. Place individual rock fragments and boulders greater than 24 inches in diameter as follows:

(1) Reduce rock to less than 48 inches in the largest dimension.

(2) Distribute rock within the embankment to prevent nesting.

(3) Place layers of embankment material around each rock to a depth not greater than that permitted by (b) above. Fill all the voids between rocks.

(4) Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

(d) Embankment outside of roadway prism. Where placing embankment outside the staked roadway prism, place material in horizontal layers not exceeding 24 inches in compacted thickness. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11.

204.11 Compaction. Compact the embankment using one of the following methods as specified:

(a) Compaction A. Use AASHTO T 27 to determine the amount of material retained on a Number 4 sieve. If there is more than 80 percent retained on the No. 4 sieve use procedure (1). If there is 50 to 80 percent retained on the No. 4 sieve use procedure (2). If there is less than 50 percent retained on the No. 4 sieve use procedure (3).

(1) Adjust the moisture content to a level suitable for compaction. Fill the interstices around rock with earth or other fine material as practical. Use compression-type rollers at speeds less than 6 feet per second and vibratory rollers at speeds less than 3 feet per second. Compact each layer of material full width with one of the following and until there is no visible evidence of further consolidation.

(a) Four roller passes of a vibratory roller having a minimum dynamic force of 40,000 pounds impact per vibration and a minimum frequency of 1000 vibrations per minute.

(b) Eight roller passes of a 20-ton compression-type roller.

(c) Eight roller passes of a vibratory roller having a minimum dynamic force of 30,000 pounds impact per vibration and a minimum frequency of 1000 vibrations per minute.

Increase the compactive effort for layers deeper than 12 inches as follows:

( For each additional 6 inches or fraction thereof, increase the number of roller passes in (a) above by four passes.

( For each additional 6 inches or fraction thereof, increase the number of roller passes in (b) and (c) above, by eight passes.

(2) Use AASHTO T 99 to determine the optimum moisture content of the portion of the material passing a No. 4 sieve. Multiply this number by the percentage of material passing a No. 4 sieve, and add 2 percent to determine the optimum moisture content of the material. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-1 through A-5 to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-6 and A-7 to within 2 percent of the optimum moisture content.

Use compression-type rollers at speeds less than 6 feet per second and vibratory rollers at speeds less than 3 feet per second. Compact each layer of material full width according to (1) above.

(3) Classify the material according to AASHTO M 145. For material classified A-1 or A-2-4, determine the maximum density according to AASHTO T 180, method D. For other material classifications, determine the optimum moisture content and maximum density according to AASHTO T 99, method C.

Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-1 through A-5 to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A‑6 and A-7 to within 2 percent of the optimum moisture content.

Use compression-type or vibratory rollers. Compact each layer of material full width to at least 95 percent of the maximum density. Determine the in-place density and moisture content according to AASHTO T 310 or other approved test procedures. When required, use AASHTO T 224 to correct for coarse particles.

(b) Compaction B. Place material by end dumping to the minimum depth needed for operation of spreading equipment. Adjust the moisture content of the material to obtain a mass that will not visibly deflect under the load of the hauling and spreading equipment. Operate compaction equipment over the full width of each layer until there is no visible evidence of further consolidation or, if when a sheepsfoot roller is used, the roller “walks out” of the layer. Make at least three complete passes.

(c) Compaction C. Place material by end dumping to the minimum depth needed for operation of spreading equipment. Level and smooth each embankment layer before placing the next layers. Operate hauling and spreading equipment uniformly over the full width of each layer. Construct a solid embankment with adequate compaction by working smaller rock and fines in with the larger rocks to fill the voids, and by operating hauling and spreading equipment uniformly over the full width of each layer as the embankment is constructed.

(d) Compaction D. Hauling and Spreading Equipment. Adjust the moisture content to a level suitable for compaction. Compact the material by operating equipment over the full width of the roadway.

(e) Compaction E. Roller Compaction. Adjust the moisture content to a level suitable for compaction. Operate Rollers over the full width of each layer until visual displacement ceases, but not fewer than three complete passes. Use rollers that meet the following requirements:

(1) Steel wheeled rollers, other than vibratory, capable of exerting a force of not less than 250 pounds per inch of width of the compression roll or rolls.

(2) Vibratory steel wheeled rollers equipped with amplitude and frequency controls with a minimum weight of 6 tons, specifically designed to compact the material on which it is used.

(3) Pneumatic-tired rollers with smooth tread tires of equal size that will provide a uniform compacting pressure for the full width of the roller and capable of exerting a ground pressure of at least 80 psi.

(4) Sheepsfoot, tamping, or grid rollers capable of exerting a force of 250 lbs/inch of width of roller drum.

(f) Compaction F. Mechanical Tamper. Adjust the moisture content of the backfill material to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Compact each 6 inch layer with a minimum of three complete passes with a mechanical tamper.

204.12 Ditches. Slope, grade, and shape ditches. Remove all projecting roots, stumps, rock, or similar matter. Maintain all ditches in an open condition and free from leaves, sticks, and other debris.

Form furrow ditches by plowing or using other acceptable methods to produce a continuous furrow. Place all excavated material on the downhill side so the bottom of the ditch is approximately 18 inches below the crest of the loose material. Clean the ditch using a hand shovel, ditcher, or other suitable method. Shape to provide drainage without overflow.

204.13 Sloping, Shaping, and Finishing. Complete slopes, ditches, culverts, riprap, and other underground minor structures before placing aggregate courses. Slope, shape, and finish as follows:

(a) Sloping. Leave all earth slopes with uniform roughened surfaces, except as described in (b) below, with no noticeable break as viewed from the road. Except in solid rock, round tops and bottoms of all slopes including the slopes of drainage ditches. Round material overlaying solid rock to the extent practical. Scale all rock slopes. Slope rounding is not required on tolerance class D though M roads.

If a slide or slipout occurs on a cut or embankment slope, remove or replace the material, and repair or restore all damage to the work. Bench or key the slope to stabilize the slide. Reshape the cut or embankment slope to an acceptable condition.

(b) Stepped slopes. Where required by the contract, construct steps on slopes of 1⅓V:1H to 1V:2H. Construct the steps approximately 18 inches high. Blend the steps into natural ground at the end of the cut. If the slope contains nonrippable rock outcrops, blend steps into the rock. Remove loose material found in transitional area. Except for removing large rocks that may fall, scaling stepped slopes is not required.

(c) Shaping. Shape the subgrade to a smooth surface and to the cross-section required. Shape slopes to gradually transition into slope adjustments without noticeable breaks. At the ends of cuts and at intersections of cuts and embankments, adjust slopes in the horizontal and vertical planes to blend into each other or into the natural ground.

(d) Finishing. Finish the roadbed to be smooth and uniform, and shaped to conform to the typical sections. Remove unsuitable material from the roadbed and replace it with suitable material. Finish roadbeds to the tolerance class shown in table 204-2.Ensure that the subgrade is visibly moist during shaping and dressing. Scarify to 6 inches below the bottom of low sections, holes, cracks, or depressions and bring back to grade with suitable material. Maintain proper ditch drainage.

For surfaced roads, remove all material larger than 6 inches from the top 6 inches of the roadbed.

For unsurfaced roads, use one of the following methods to finish the roadbed:

(1) Method A. Remove all material larger than 6 inches from the top 6 inches of the roadbed and replace with suitable material.

(2) Method B. Use a vibratory grid roller or approved equal with a minimum weight of 10 tons. Roll at least 5 full-width passes or until there is no visible evidence of further consolidation.

(3) Method C. For roads designated as Construction Tolerance Class K, L, or M, finish the roadbed by spreading the excavation. Eliminate rock berms.

204.14 Disposal of Unsuitable or Excess Material. Dispose of unsuitable or excess material at designated sites or legally off of the project.

When there is a pay item for waste, shape and compact the waste material in its final location. Do not mix clearing or other material not subject to payment with the waste material.

204.15 Acceptance. See Table 204-1 for sampling and testing requirements.

Material for embankment and conserved topsoil will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

Excavation and embankment construction will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

Clearing and removal of obstructions will be evaluated under Sections 201 and 203.

Measurement

204.16 Measure the Section 204 items listed in the bid schedule according to Subsection 109.02 and the following as applicable.

(a) Roadway excavation. Measure roadway excavation in its original position as follows:

(1) Include the following volumes in roadway excavation:

(a) Roadway prism excavation;

(b) Rock material excavated and removed from below subgrade in cut sections;

(c) Unsuitable material below subgrade and unsuitable material beneath embankment areas when a pay item for subexcavation is not shown in the bid schedule;

(d) Ditches, except furrow ditches measured under a separate bid item;

(e)Topsoil;

(f) Borrow material used in the work when a pay item for borrow is not shown in the bid schedule;

(g) Loose scattered rocks removed and placed as required within the roadway;

(h) Conserved material taken from stockpiles and used in Section 204 work; and

(i) Slide and slipout material not attributable to the Contractor's method of operation.

(2) Do not include the following in roadway excavation:

(a) Overburden and other spoil material from borrow sources;

(b) Overbreakage from the backslope in rock excavation;

(c) Water or other liquid material;

(d) Material used for purposes other than required;

(e) Roadbed material scarified in place and not removed;

(f) Material excavated when stepping cut slopes;

(g) Material excavated when rounding cut slopes;

(h) Preparing foundations for embankment construction;

(i) Material excavated when benching for embankments;

(j) Slide or slipout material attributable to the Contractor's method of operation;

(k) Conserved material taken from stockpiles constructed at the option of the Contractor; and

(l) Material excavated outside the established slope limits.

(3) When both roadway excavation and embankment construction pay items are shown in the bid schedule, measure the following as roadway excavation only:

(a) Unsuitable material below subgrade in cuts and unsuitable material beneath embankment areas when a pay item for subexcavation is not shown in the bid schedule;

(b) Slide and slipout material not attributable to the Contractor’s method of operations; and

(c) Drainage ditches, channel changes, and diversion ditches.

(b) Unclassified borrow, select borrow, and select topping. When measuring by the cubic yard measure in its original position. If borrow excavation is measured by the cubic yard in place, take initial cross-sections of the ground surface after stripping overburden. Upon completion of excavation and after the borrow source waste material is returned to the source, retake cross-sections before replacing the overburden.

Do not measure borrow excavation used in place of excess roadway excavation.

(c) Embankment construction. Measure embankment construction in its final position. Do not make deductions from the embankment construction quantity for the volume of minor structures.

(1) Include the following volumes in embankment construction:

(a) Roadway embankments;

(b) Material used to backfill subexcavated areas, holes, pits, and other depressions;

(c) Material used to restore obliterated roadbeds to original contours; and

(d) Material used for dikes, ramps, mounds, and berms.

(2) Do not include the following in embankment construction:

(a) Preparing foundations for embankment construction;

(b) Adjustments for subsidence or settlement of the embankment or of the foundation on which the embankment is placed; and

(c) Material used to round fill slopes.

(d) Rounding cut slopes. Measure rounding cut slopes horizontally along the centerline of the roadway if a pay item for slope rounding is included in the bid schedule. If a pay item for slope rounding is not included in the bid schedule slope rounding will be considered subsidiary to excavation.

(e) Waste. Measure waste by the cubic yard in its final position. Take initial cross-sections of the ground surface after stripping over burden. Upon completion of the waste placement, retake cross-sections before replacing overburden.

(f) Slope scaling. Measure slope scaling by the cubic yard in the hauling vehicle.

Payment

204.17 The accepted quantities will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the Section 204 pay items listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See Subsection 109.05.

Table 204-1

Sampling and Testing Requirements

Split

Sample

Sampling

Frequency

13,000 yd3

13,000 yd3 1 per 6000 yd2 but not less than 1 per layer

& T 11

(704.05) & unclassified borrow (704.06) Select borrow (704.07 & Select topping (704.08)

Table 204-1 (continued)

Sampling and Testing Requirements

in work

Split

Material

Sampling

less than 1 per

13,000 yd3 1 per 3500 yd2 but not less than 1 per layer 1 per 2500 yd2

method D(1) or T 99, method C(1) AASHTO T 310 or other approved procedures AASHTO T 310 or other approved procedures

density

for conformance (106.04) Measured and tested for conformance (106.04)

Compaction A) Top of subgrade (204.11 Compaction A)

Table 204-2

Construction Tolerances

(b) Maximum allowable deviation from staked slope measured from slope stakes or hinge points.

(c) Unless otherwise shown the centerline alignment and subgrade elevation, as built, have no horizontal curves with a radius of less than 80 feet, and no vertical curves with a curve length of less than 80 feet when the algebraic difference in the grade change is less than 10 percent, or a curve length of less than 100 feet when the algebraic difference of the grade change is greater than or equal to 10 percent. The centerline grade is not to exceed 20 percent in 100 feet of length.

(ft)

(% slope(b))

209 - Structure Excavation and Backfill 209.00_01_us_10_11_2006

209.07 Dewatering

Delete the subsection and add the following:

Submit a Dewatering Plan 5 days prior to beginning excavation.

Construct diversion prior to performing any excavation. Construct diversions using water tight, non-eroding methods. Employ settling basins or other methods so that muddy water is not returned to stream. Install, operate, and remove diversions in a manner that minimizes erosion and sedimentation.

209.10 Backfill.

(a) General.

Add the following:

Replace any pipe that is distorted by more than 5 percent of nominal dimensions, or that is ruptured or broken.

Do not place or backfill pipe that meets any of the following conditions until the excavation and foundation have been approved in writing by the CO:

· Embankment height greater than 6 feet at subgrade centerline.

· Installation in a protected streamcourse.

· Round pipe with a diameter of 48 inches or greater.

· Pipe arches with a span of 50 inches or greater.

· Any box culvert of structure other than pipe culverts.

(b) Pipe Culverts.

(1) Pipe culverts with compacted backfill.

Add the following:

On each side of the pipe, excavate an area at least as wide as the diameter of the pipe. Backfill without damaging or displacing the pipe. Complete backfilling of the trench with suitable material.

209.11 Compacting.

Delete the subsection and add the following:

Compact backfill using designated compaction method A, B, C, or D:

Method A. Ensure that backfill density exceeds the density of the surrounding embankment.

Method B. Adjust the moisture content of the backfill material to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Compact each layer 6 inch layer with a minimum of three complete passes or until visual displacement ceases using a mechanical tamper, (wacker-packer type or approved equal). For compaction under sections 252, 254, 255, 257, 258 and 262 compact with a vibratory steel wheeled roller with a mass of at least 8 tons.

Method C. Compact each layer of backfill with a minimum of two passes with mechanical tamper, (wacker-packer type, or approved equal).

Method D. Determine optimum moisture content and maximum density according to AASHTO T 99 method C.