Attachment 2, TO1 PWS.pdf

Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS

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Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS

DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (DHS)

PERFORMANCE WORK STATEMENT (PWS)

FOR

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA SERVER (EDS) SUBSCRIPTION SERVICES

1. GENERAL

1.1 Contractor shall refer to the IDIQ PWS Section 1 for general information.

2. SCOPE OF WORK

2.1. The Contractor shall furnish the personnel, facilities, equipment, and material necessary to provide EDS Subscription Services.

2.2. The general nature of the work for subscription services under this contract consists of

EDS web services including but not limited to data source catalog, data format transformation, status reporting, web services and archiving. The contractor provided data products are commercial of the shelf (COTS) subscription commodities that will be provided by the vendor’s servers and accessed by SAROPS clients. Contractual effort defined by individual orders may include, but are not limited to, the following tasks for EDS Subscription Services:

2.2.1. The contractor shall provide wind and current data sets as listed in Appendix A, EDS Currents Guide and Appendix B, EDS Wind Guide or at least an equivalent in regards to geographic coverage. As wind and data sets change, they must be updated in EDS.

2.2.2. The contractor shall provide EDS web services including but not limited to data source catalog, data format transformation, status reporting, web services and archiving. Details of required web services are contained in Appendix C, Web Service Detail.

2.2.3. The contractor provided data products are COTS subscription commodities that will be provided by the vendor’s servers and accessed by SAROPS clients.

2.2.4. The Contractor shall ensure that the EDS is available 24/7 and average a yearly uptime must be in excess of 99%.

2.2.5. The Contractor shall ensure Production environment downtime must be less than 24 hours per year for maintenance purposes and that no down time period extends for more than 3 hours. General maintenance will be scheduled with COR not less than 72 hours in advance. Emergency maintenance will be applied as necessary but not prior to C3CEN notification.

2.2.6. The Contractor shall make available a Disaster Recovery site which is fully functional within 30 minutes after first notification that the primary EDS site fails to respond.

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Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS

2.2.7. The contractor shall respond to individual model outages

3. CONTRACTOR PERSONNEL

3.1. Project Lead: The Project Lead shall at a minimum be available to the COR via telephone, email, or in person, as directed by the COR, between the hours of 0900 and 1500 EST, Monday through Friday, and shall respond to a request for discussion or resolution of technical problems within one (1) hour of notification. Project Lead shall be available to attend meetings via telephone or virtually as directed by the COR. The Contractor can propose whomever they choose from the team to perform these duties.

3.2. Software Engineer: The Contractor shall provide a contract employee who has a minimum of a BS/BA. It is desired that the software engineer has a cumulative of 5 years of knowledge and experience in the following areas:

3.2.1. Environmental Data Server (EDS) including the data source catalog, data format transformation, data normalization, status reporting, web services and archiving.

3.2.2. EDS workflow and data that it hosts and serves.

3.2.3. Environmental modeling and application development.

3.2.4. Vetting new data sources, quality assurance of integrated sources and on-going checks of all data acquired by EDS.

3.2.5. High Frequency RADAR.

3.2.6. Self-Locating Datum Marker Buoys (SLDMBs).

3.2.7. Data Aggregation (spatial and temporal).

3.2.8. Specialized knowledge and experience in:

3.2.8.1. Analysis of oceanic, coastal, river, lake and land resources

3.2.8.2. Oceanography

3.2.8.3. Geographic information systems (GIS)

3.2.8.4. Web-mapping & Web programming

3.2.8.5. Operational research

3.2.8.6. Geospatial data display

3.2.9. The Software Engineer shall be designated as Key.

4. OTHER APPLICABLE CONDITIONS:

5.1 None Applicable.

5. PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE

5.1. Base: 8 Jul 2020 – 7 May 2021

Option 1: 8 May 2021 – 7 May 2022 Option 2: 8 May 2022 – 7 May 2023 Option 3: 8 May 2023 – 7 May 2024

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Option 4: 8 May 2024 – 7 May 2025

6. PLACE OF PERFORMANCE

6.1. The primary place of performance will be the Contractor’s facilities.

7. HOURS OF OPERATION

9.1 The Contractor shall be available 24/7 to respond to any possible system outages.

8. TRAVEL

8.1. Contractor travel shall not be required for this requirement.

9. DELIVERABLES

9.1. The Contractor is required to provide the following deliverables within the designated timeframes:

10. POST AWARD CONFERENCE

10.1. The Contractor shall attend a Post Award Conference with the Contracting Officer and the COR no later than ten (10) business days after the date of award. The purpose of the Post Award Conference, which will be chaired by the Contracting Officer, is to discuss technical and contracting objectives of this contract and review the Contractor's draft project plan. The Post Award Conference will be held at the Government’s facility, located at 4000 Coast Guard Blvd, Portsmouth VA 23703 or via teleconference.

11. TERMS AND CONDITIONS

The Task Order Contracting Officer (KO) is Mrs. Heather Wastella. Contact information for Mrs. Wastella is (757) 686-6822 or Heather.M.Wastella@uscg.mil.

12. APPENDICES

Appendix A, EDS Currents Guide Appendix B, EDS Wind Guide Appendix C, Web Services Details

Deliverable Due Date Delivery Method

Monthly Progress Report (CDRL A001)

Monthly by the 5th of each month

In electronic format with read/write capability using DHS compatible applications

Business Continuity Plan (CDRL A002)

30 days after award In electronic format with read/write capability using DHS compatible applications

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Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS

Appendix A, EDS Currents Guide

Environmental Data System (EDS)

(Currents)

(Updated 15 August 2018)

Highlights and Notes

This is an overview of the surface current products and data available in the Environmental Data System (EDS version 2.0) as of 15 August 2018. Below are relevant highlights and notes on EDS and its products.

The products listed here are available to USCG users of SAROPS. The products are listed by order of preference from highest to lowest in the flow charts for that particular end point. However, the primary choice, if available, should always be evaluated. The EDS choice should first be evaluated for coverage of the AOI in time and space; then for coverage in the immediate area of the scenario(s). And then finally the EDS choice should be evaluated against data sources, the secondary choices, on scene reports and local or expert knowledge. If the primary choice does not satisfy the above evaluations; secondary and tertiary sources should be considered and evaluated for use. Many of the EDS sources are equivalent or nearly equivalent, so consideration and use of secondary and tertiary sources is encouraged. Data sources of winds (NDBC buoys) and currents (SLDMBs and HF radar data) are listed last.

Global HYCOM (Navy) currents are forced with winds from Navy’s NAVGEM, and therefore pair NAVGEM winds with Global HYCOM (Navy) currents.

Global HYCOM (NCEP) currents are forced with winds from NCEP’s GFS, and therefore pair GFS winds with Global HYCOM (NCEP) currents.

No_GoMex_FVCOM_NOS_C currents are forces with winds from NOS No_GoMex_NOS_W model, and therefore No_GoMex_FVCOM_NOS_C currents should be paired with No_GoMex_NOS_W winds.

Names now contain the product, (source) and if necessary the type or short descriptor and ends with ‘_C’ to indicate that it’s a surface current product. After a current product is downloaded, the DTG of the download request is also appended to specific file name. Thus the current file name in the TOC or cached products will have the format: ‘name_descriptor_(source)_C: DTG’.

The FVCOM models are identified by the descriptor ‘_FVCOM_’ in their name tag. CAUTION:

these models are very high resolution and therefore can generate excessive download and run times. Limit the AOI to only what is needed for the simulation

The vertical extent of the surface layer is now reported in the Tables 1-4. There is wide variation among the oceanographic models and even within the models on the thickness of the surface layer that is reported to the EDS/SAROPS. Surface currents are influenced from below by deep currents (e.g. tidal currents, mean, seasonal, and several day (i.e. geostrophic) currents) and from above by the local winds. The thinner the surface layer modeled, the quicker and faster that modeled layer

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Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS will respond to its local modeled winds; and vice versa, thicker layers mean slower response and slower currents. Since the operational definition of leeway relates the motion of the SAR object to the upper 1.0 meter of the ocean and SLDMBs are drogued at between 0.3 and 1.0 meters depth, the closer the model’s surface layer is to 1.0 meter the closer it can be expected to represent the surface layer as defined in SAROPS’s equations and tracked by the SLDMBs.

The confidence parameters used to determine the dispersion or spread of the particles due to uncertainty in the current vectors are now provided for each EDS current product and are provided in the background to SAROPS Simulator. Also provided is the internal Time Step within the SAROPS Simulator. High resolution models require a shorter Time Step to prevent particles from skipping over grid cells during a single Time Step. Caution: this may result in longer Simulator run times.

The Skill of each model at predicting the drift of SLDMBs has now been measured. For each model, SLDMB tracks, at 6-hour intervals, are compared to simulated tracks from the models where model and SLDMB data were available and co-located. These SLDMB - model comparisons and skill scores are available to CG SME.

The Currents Sketch Tool has been removed in SAROPS 2.0; so this guidance reflects that change here and in the flow charts. Selection of SLDMB in the EDS menu is meant to replace the Sketch Tool for use of SLDMB data. If SLDMB data is not available, then Manual Input of currents in the EDS Current GUI is the last remaining option for surface currents.

If no data on currents is available for Manual Input; then use zero speed, 090 direction as inputs.

This will result in SAROPS using only leeway to compute particle drift trajectories.

Inquiries: Arthur Allen (Oceanographer for CG-SAR-1) Arthur.A.Allen@uscg.mil

The objective is to SELECT the most appropriate EDS current source.

Table 1.

EDS SURFACE CURRENTS PRODUCTS

(Real-time Data-assimilating Numerical Models)

EDS LISTING

PRODUCT OWNER

COVERA

GE

DATA

CELL

HORIZONT

AL SIZE

SURFAC

E CELL

VERTIC

AL SIZE

RATE OF

OBSERVATI

ON

FORECA

ST

LENGTH

MODE

L RUN

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Global_ HYCOM_

NCEP_C*1

NCEP *2 Global 8 km

0.17 -

1.0 m

Hourly 144 Hrs Dail y

Global_ HYCOM_ Navy_C *3

Navy Global 8 km

0.17 -

1.0 m

Every 3 Hrs 144 Hrs Dail y

AGG_ADCIRC_GHyco m_C*4

NCEP &

ADCIRC

Developm ent Group

Global/ Regional

3-14 km

0.17 -

1.0 m

Every 3 Hrs 72/84 Hrs

Dail y

L_Erie_FVCOM_NOS_ C

NOS Lake Erie 0.03km -

2 km

0.14 -

3.0 m

Hourly 120 Hrs Daily

StClair_FVCOM_GLER L_C*7

GLERL

Lake St Clair, St

Clair/Detro it Rivers

.020 -

0.40 km

0.3 - 2.9 m

Hourly 48 Hrs Daily

MassBay_FVCOM_UMa ss_C

UMass Dartmout h*8

Portsmouth , NH to

Buzzards Bay

0.050 - 1 km

0.01 -

2.0 m

Hourly 48 Hrs Daily

Maine_FVCOM_UMass_ C

UMass Dartmout h

DelMar to NE Nova

Scotia .2 - 20 km 0.5 - 5.0 m Hourly 48 Hrs Daily

NYHOPS_Stevens_C *9

Stevens Institute*

Hudson River/

NY harbor/

LIS

NJ shelf

0.1 - 4 km

0.1 - 20 m

Minute s 48 Hrs Daily

Doppio_Rutgers_C Rutgers

Univ

Nova Scotia to

Cape Hatteras

7 km

0.12 -

6.2 m

Hourly 60 Hrs Daily

NW_Atl_NCSU_C*11 NCSU*12 West of

60W 7 km

0.1 - 1.0 m

Hourly 72 Hrs Daily

No_GoMex_FVCOM_N

OS_C

NOS

Brownsvill e, TX to Panama

City

0.15 - 10 km

0.5 - 5 m Hourly 54 Hrs Daily

L_Huron_NOS_C L_Mich_NOS_C

L_Ontario_NOS_C L_Superior_NOS_C

NOS*5

Regional

(Great Lakes)

5 km, 10 km

0.02 - 7.4 m

Hourly 36 Hrs

Times Daily

L_Erie_GLERL_C L_Huron_GLERL_C L_Mich_GLERL_C

L_Ontario_GLERL_C L_Superior_GLERL_C

GLERL*

Regional (Great Lakes)

2 km, 5 km, 10 km

0.05 - 7.4 m

Hourly 36 Hrs

Times Daily

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CA_3km_UCLA_C

UCLA

*13

Remote Sensing

Solutions

California Coast

3.3 km

0.25 -

4.0 m

Hourly 72 Hrs Daily

Hawaii_UHI_C U

Hawaii*1

Main Hawaiian

Islands 4 km

0.7 - 4.0 m

Every 3 Hrs

24 Hrs Daily

ColumbiaR_NOS_C NOS Columbia

River Estuary

10 meter - 2 km

0.02 -

2.7 m

Hourly 48 Hrs

Times Daily

ChesBay_NOS_C DelBay_NOS_C

NOS

Chesapeak e/

Delaware Bay

0.1 - 3 km

0.1 -

2.75 m

0.2 -

13.0 m

Hourly 48 Hrs

Times Daily

TampaBay_NOS_C NOS Tampa

Bay

0.1 - 1.2 km

0.2 - 2.8 m Hourly 48 Hrs

Times Daily

NY_Hrbr_NOS_C

NOS

NY/NJ

harbor

0.05 - 1 km

0.0 - 3.5 m

Hourly 36 Hrs

Times Daily

StJohnRiver_NOS_C NOS St. John

River, FL

0.05 - 1 km

0.0 -

3.25 m Hourly 36 Hrs

Times Daily

SanFran_NOS_C NOS San Fran Bay

0.1 - 4 km

0.1 - 5.0 km Hourly 36 Hrs 4 Times

Daily

STPS_MidAtl_ UConn_C

MARAC

OOS/UC

ONN*15

Coastal Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras

6 km 2.3 m

3 hourly average s updated every hour

From time of

HF

radar data to +24

HRS

Hourly

STPS_West_UConn_C

UCONN*

California, Oregon coasts

6 km 2.3 m

3 hourly average s updated every hour

From time of

HF

radar data to +24 Hrs

Hourly

*1) Hybrid Coordinates Ocean Model (RTOFS - Real-time Operational Forecast System (Atlantic))

*2) National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration)

*3) Hybrid Coordinates Ocean Model

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*4) Advanced Circulation Model

*5) National Ocean Service (NOS)

*6) Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (NOAA)

*7) Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model

*8) University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth

*9) New York Harbor Observing and Prediction System

*10) Stevens Institute of Technology

*11) Northwest Atlantic Marine Environmental Prediction model

*12) North Carolina State University

*13) University of California, Los Angeles

*14) University of Hawaii

*15) Mid-Atlantic Regional Association Coastal Ocean Observing System

*16) University of Connecticut, Marine Science Program.

Table 2.

EDS SURFACE CURRENTS PRODUCTS

(Tidal or Historical-data Numerical Models)

PRODUCT OWNER COVERAGE

DATA CELL

HORIZONTA

L SIZE

SURFACE

CELL

VERTICA

L SIZE

RATE OF

OBSERVATIO

N

MODEL

RUN

ADCIRC_APS_UNC_

C *1

Univ North Carolina

Albemarle and Pamlico

Sound

0.01 - 1 km

Full water depth

Hourly Daily

ADCIRC_East_tides_C ADCIRC_West_tides_

C

ADCIRC

Developme nt Group

Regional (Entire U.S., Coastal Areas, Bays, Inlets and Rivers)

1 - 5 km

Full water depth

Hourly Locally on demand

SanFran_tides_ASA_C ASA *2 San

Francisco Bay

0.5 - 1 km

Full depth

Locally on demand

StrJDeFuca_tides_ASA _C

ASA

Puget Sound 1 km on demand

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NarragBay_tides_ASA _C

ASA

Narragansett

Bay

0.25 km on demand

SE_AK_tides_ASA_C ASA Regional (S

E Alaska)

2.5, 1.25, 0.6, 0.3 km on demand

PWS_tides_ASA_C *3 ASA

Regional (Prince William Sound)

0.35, 0.7, 1.4 km on demand

Mariano_ShipDrift_C Mariano

*4 Global

111 km 1 Degree of Lat/Long

10 m

None (Seasonal averages)

Retrieve d

Locally on demand

FLDA_Transects_C

FLDA*5

Regional (Florida Gulf

Stream)

11 km

0.1 Degree

of Lat/Long

100 m None

(Monthly averages)

Retrieve d

Locally on demand

*1) Advanced Circulation Model

*2) Applied Science Associates, Inc.

*3) Prince William Sound *4) The Arthur Mariano historical ship drift data file *5) Florida Gulf Stream Data

Table 3.

EDS DATA SOURCES

(Real-time Currents Data)

PRODUCT OWNER COVERAGE DATA

VERTICAL

EXTENT OF

DATA

RATE OF

OBSERVATION

COMMENTS

HFRadar_MidAtl_C MARCOOS*1 Coastal Cape Cod to Cape

Hatteras

Surface currents mapped by

HF

Doppler radar

2.3 m 6 km, 3 hourly averaged updated every hour

Available up to 3 hours ago

HFRadar_East_C National *2 Gulf of

Mexico to Gulf of Maine

Surface currents mapped by

2.3 m

6 km, 3 hourly averaged updated every hour

Available up to 3 hours ago

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Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS

HF

Doppler radar

HFRadar_PR_C National West Coast of Puerto Rico

Surface currents mapped by

HF

Doppler radar

2.3 m 6 km, 3 hourly averaged updated every hour

Available up to 3 hours ago

HFRadar_West_C National Calf to Wash

Surface currents mapped by

HF

Doppler radar

2.3 m 6 km, 3 hourly averaged updated every hour

Available up to 3 hours ago

HFRadar_HI_C National Oahu

Surface currents mapped by

HF

Doppler radar

0.75 m 6 km, 3 hourly averaged updated every hour

Available up to 3 hours ago

Rivers_USCS_C USGS *3

Below the John Day Dam on

Columbia River

Each river segment

Depth of river

2-day average Locally on demand

SLDMB_C *4 USCG

Deployed in response to SAR cases

Surface Drifter

1.0 m 30 minute GPS positions

EDS uses to determine model skill values

*1) Mid-Atlantic Region Coastal Ocean Observing System *2) National Ocean Observing System - academic and government sponsored collection of data.

*3) U.S. Geological Survey *4) Self-Locating Datum Marker Buoys

Global_HYCOM_NCEP_C RTOFS - Real-time Operational Forecast System (Global). Basic description of Global HYCOM are found at http://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/global/about/GODAE11_poster_d1.pdf http://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/global/. HYCOM is a new generation of models where the vertical layers of the model are varied by region and depth. In the open, stratified ocean, isopyncal (constant density) layers are used. Approaching the sharp continental shelves terrain-following (sigma) layers are used, and in the surface or unstratified regions horizontal (z-level) layers are used. This mixture of vertical coordinates allows the physics to smoothly transfer the open ocean physics to the shallow water (http://hycom.org/). The surface layer thickness ranges from 0.17 meters inshore to a maximum of 1.0 meters offshore. The NCEP global HYCOM model is an eddy resolving global model run once a day and produces 2-day nowcasts and 6-day forecasts. The model is initialized daily from the 3D Navy’s multi-variate data assimilation of a wide variety of sources in-situ and remotely sensed. NCEP global HYCOM model is forced by the NOAA GFS 3-hourly winds, radiation and precipitation. At the present time, Global HYCOM does not include tides or tidal forcing.

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Global_HYCOM_Navy_C Basic description of Global HYCOM are found at http://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/global/about/GODAE11_poster_d1.pdf http://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/global/. HYCOM is a new generation of models where the vertical layers of the model are varied by region and depth. In the open, stratified ocean, isopyncal (constant density) layers are used. Approaching the sharp continental shelves terrain-following (sigma) layers are used, and in the surface or unstratified regions horizontal (z-level) layers are used. This mixture of vertical coordinates allows the physics to smoothly transfer the open ocean physics to the shallow water (http://hycom.org/ ). The surface layer thickness ranges from 0.17 meters inshore to a maximum of 1.0 meters offshore. The Navy global HYCOM model is an eddy resolving global model run once a day and produces 2-day nowcasts and 6-day forecasts. The model is initialized daily from the 3D Navy’s multi-variate data assimilation of a wide variety of sources in-situ and remotely sensed. Navy global HYCOM model is forced by the Navy NAVGEM 3-hourly winds, radiation and precipitation. Navy’s Global HYCOM includes a global model of tides from Oregon State University.

AGG_ADCIRC_GHycom_C Since NCEP Global HYCOM does not contain tides and ADCIRC is strictly tidal currents, these two can be combined together to add tides to global HYCOM (NCEP) currents in the near-shore regions. ADCIRC tidal current vectors are vectors added to the global HYCOM non-tidal currents.

L_Huron_NOS_C, L_Mich_NOS_C, L_Ontario_NOS_C, L_Superior_NOS_C, L_Erie_GLERL_C, L_Huron_GLERL_C, L_Mich_GLERL_C, L_Ontario_GLERL_C, L_Superior_GLERL_C (http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/models.html) NOAA's National Ocean Service (NOS) and their Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) both run numerical models for each of the five Great Lakes. NOS runs the operational Great Lakes models and GLERL runs developmental models. At the present time, the significant difference is that GLERL’s models during the winter months reduce the coverage to account for ice cover, while NOS models do not. Therefore, during the winter, the EDS may switch from the NOS to GLERL models, and then back again in the spring time. NOS and GLERL’s Great Lake models’ horizontal and vertical grid cell sizes and minimum and maximum surface layer thickness are summarized in Table 4.

. Table 4.

Horizontal and Vertical grid cell sizes of the Great Lake models

GLERL /

NOS

Horz Grid (km)

Top Vertical Grid (%)

Min Model Depth (m)

Max Model Depth (m)

Min Surface Layer (m)

Max Surface Layer (m)

Erie 2 / 5 5 / 5 3 / 4 62.9 / 62 0.15 / 0.2 3.15 / 3.1 Huron 2 / 5 2.27 /

2.27 2 / 1 214.5 /

0.05 / 0.02

4.9 / 4.8

Michigan 2 / 5 2.27 / 2.27

3 / 1 273 / 262 0.07 / 0.02

6.2 / 5.9

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Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS

Ontario 5 / 5 2.27 / 2.27

8 / 7 226 / 226 0.18 / 0.16

5.1 / 5.1

Superior 10 / 10 2.27 / 2.27

13 / 12 326 / 326 0.30 / 0.27

7.4 / 7.4

L_Erie_FVCOM_NOS_C Finite Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM) of Lake Erie is run by National Ocean Service (NOS), NOAA 4 times per day with forecast horizon of 120 hours. The EDS picks up the surface currents once per day. FVCOM models use an unstructured grid of triangular elements in the horizontal, see Figure 1, and 21 sigma coordinates in the vertical direction, therefore the surface layer is 1/21st the local water depth (0.14 to 3.0 meters). Grid resolution varies within the model from 30 m to 2km. The Lake Erie FVCOM model uses NOAA HRRF 3-km winds (for the nowcast) and NDFD 2.5 km (for the forecast) winds gridded to the FVCOM’s grid for surface forcing. The Detroit River provides inflow and momentum, while the Niagara River, the outflow, is modeled down to the head of the Niagara River near Fort Erie. The HRRR (High Resolution Rapid Refresh) is a NOAA real-time 3-km resolution, hourly updated, cloud-resolving, convection-allowing atmospheric model, initialized by 3km grids with 3km radar assimilation.

Figure 1.

StClair_FVCOM_GLERL_C Finite Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM) of the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, and Detroit River System is run by the NOAA’s GLERL (Great Lakes Environmental Research Lab), http://www.glerl.noaa.gov/pubs/fulltext/2010/20100017.pdf. FVCOM models use unstructured grid of triangular elements in the horizontal and 7 sigma coordinates in the vertical direction, therefore the surface layer is 1/7th the local water depth (2.26 to 20.2 meters). Grid resolution varies within the model from 300 m in Lake St. Clair to 100 m in the rivers and 50 m in the tributaries. The model’s time step is 4 seconds. The model accounts for the Lake Huron and Lake

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Erie water levels from NOAA/NOS gauges near the inlet and outlet, wind from a C-MAN station on Lake St. Clair lighthouse, and 7 tributary inflows along the system. Forecasted boundary conditions come from GLERL models for water levels at the inlet (Lake Huron) and outlet (Lake Erie), from NDFD winds, and persistence of the stream gauge for the 7 tributaries over the 48 hours forecast period. FVCOM St Clair does not currently include water temperature or ice cover.

MassBay_FVCOM_UMass_C Finite Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM) covers the coastal waters extending from the Merrimack River (north of Cape Ann) clockwise around Cape Cod, Nantucket and Martha’s Vineyard Islands east to Narragansett Bay. FVCOM Mass Bay uses an unstructured grid in the horizontal and a sigma coordinate with 10 layers in the vertical. The horizontal resolution ranges from 20 m in Boston Harbor to a maximum of 500 m along the open boundary in the western Gulf of Maine and eastern New England shelf. FVCOM Mass Bay uses a hybrid vertical coordinate system; in water depths greater than 20 meters, the top three layers are each 2 meters thick, and the remaining layers follow the topography. In water depths less than 20 meters; the layers are 1/10th the water depth. Therefore, the surface layers vary from 2 meters in water depths of 20 meters or greater down to as little as 0.01 meters at the wet/dry inshore boundary of the model.

The model time step is 2.4 seconds. The surface wind forcing is predicted using a regional mesoscale weather model (WRF/NAM) with 9 x 9 km spacing. FVCOM Mass Bay includes an unstructured-grid version of SWAN (called SWAVE) to provide a surface wave forecast in addition to the surface elevation and 3D currents, temperature and salinity forecast. The open boundary conditions are provided by NERACOOS Northeast Coastal Ocean Forecast System (NECOFS). The freshwater inflow from 47 major rivers are specified along the Mass coastline. FVCOM Mass Coastal Waters does not include ice coverage. FVCOM Mass Bay is run as part of the NECOFS produced by the Marine Ecosystem Dynamics Modeling Laboratory (MEDML) at the School for Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts- Dartmouth.

Maine_FVCOM_UMass_C

Finite Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM) covers the coastal waters extending from the Delmar peninsula northeast to the northeast tip of Nova Scotia. FVCOM Maine uses an unstructured grid in the horizontal and a sigma coordinate with 41 layers in the vertical. The horizontal resolution ranges from ~200 m in Nantucket Sound to a maximum of 10-20 km along the open boundary in the deep ocean off Georges Bank. FVCOM Maine uses a hybrid vertical coordinate system. In water depths shallower than 200 meters, the thickness of the top layer is equal to the ratio of local water depth to the total number of vertical layers, which ranges from 5 m at a depth of 200 m to 0.5 m or less in the region with the water depth of 20 m or shallower. The model time step is 240 seconds. The surface wind forcing is predicted using a regional mesoscale weather model (WRF/NAM) with 9 x 9 km spacing. FVCOM Maine includes a surface wave forecast (significant wave height and peak period) in addition to the surface elevation and 3D currents, temperature and salinity forecast. The freshwater inflow from 46 major rivers are specified along the coastline. FVCOM Maine is run as part of the NERACOOS Northeast Coastal Ocean Forecast System (NECOFS) produced by the Marine

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Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS

Ecosystem Dynamics Modeling Laboratory (MEDML) at the School for Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts-Dartmouth.

NYHOPS_Stevens_C

Stevens Institute of Technology runs the NYHOPS. This 3-D Estuarine Coastal and Ocean Model is a derivative of the original Princeton Ocean Model developed by Blumberg and Mellor in 1987 http://hudson.dl.stevens-tech.edu/maritimeforecast/info/. Horizontal resolution varies from 4km at the New York Bight shelf break to 25m within some NY/NJ Harbor tributaries.

NYHOPS uses 10 equal layers divided by the local water depth, so thickness of the surface layers varies from 10 cm in the shallows to 20 meters along the outer deep water edge of the model. The NYHOPS model is fed by an observational network of sensors including: USGS stream gages and AHPS river forecasts, water level stations, 110 wastewater treatment plants, and wind and other atmospheric forcing from NOAA's 12-km NAM model. It also uses USCG ice cover observations to include ice-friction effects on the Hudson River's tidal circulation.

Doppio_Rutgers_C

The Rutgers University runs the "Doppio" Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) for the Mid-Atlantic Bight and Gulf of Maine region for MARACOOS. The "Doppio" model, a successor to the Espresso model, has a regular grid of 7 km in the horizontal and 40 terrain-following vertical levels. The thickness of the surface layer ranges from 0.13 m at the inshore edge (5-m depth) to 6.2 meters at the offshore edge of the model. Doppio wind and surface heat flux forcing is from 12-km NCEP NAM model. Tidal harmonic forcing is from the Oregon State University TPXO model. River inputs are daily averages from USGS and Water Service of Canada gauges adjusted statistically for ungauged portions of the watershed. Doppio’s open ocean boundary data is from the European Mercator-Ocean forecast from the Copernicus Marine Environmental Monitoring Service with adjustments to reduce bias based using a regional climatology. The 4D variational (4D-Var) data assimilation method is applied to observations of: surface currents from HF-radar total vectors; in-situ temperature and salinity from IOOS gliders, NMFS fisheries surveys and all platforms reporting to the GTS (Argo profilers, XBT temperature profiles, NDBC buoys, and ships of opportunity); plus satellite sea surface height and temperature.

NW_Atl_NCSU_C

The Northwest Atlantic Marine Environmental Prediction model is run by North Carolina State University (NCSU). The Northwest Atlantic (NCSU) is a fully coupled ocean (ROMS) /atmospheric (WRF) /wave (SWAN) modeling system that is run daily and produces forecasts out to 72 hours. It has a regular grid of 7 km in the horizontal and 36 terrain-following vertical

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Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS layers so thickness of the ocean surface layers varies from 10 cm in the shallows to ~1 meter along the outer deep water edge of the model. The Northwest Atlantic (NCSU) coupled modeling system takes boundary conditions from the Navy global HYCOM model (for ROMS), NCEP GFS atmospheric model (for WRF), and NOAA WWIII global wave model (for SWAN).

Tidal forcing includes 7 tidal harmonics. Inputs from 196 rivers are also included. NCSU team is currently working to implement variational data assimilation schemes into the Northwest Atlantic (NCSU) system, which when completed, will assimilate routine satellite Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Sea Surfaced Height (SSH), and ARGO subsurface temperature and salinity data.

No_GoMex_FVCOM_NOS_C

The Northern Gulf of Mexico Operational Forecast System (NGOFS) is run by National Ocean Service (NOS). NGOFS is a Finite-Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM) that covers the coastal waters extending from the Brownsville, TX northeast and east to Panama City, FL.

NGOFS uses an unstructured grid in the horizontal and a sigma coordinate with 40 layers in the vertical. The horizontal resolution ranges from 150 m in the bays to a maximum of 10 km along the open boundary at the shelf break (600 meter isobaths, 328 fm). NGOFS uses a generalized sigma vertical coordinate system. In water depths shallower than 200 meters, the thickness of the top layer equal to the ratio of local water depth to a total number of vertical layers, which ranges from 5 m at a depth of 200 m to 0.5 m or less in the region with the water depth of 20 m or shallower. The model time step is 12 seconds. The offshore boundary conditions are from the NCEP global HYCOM model. The surface wind forcing is predicted using a regional mesoscale weather model that matches the coverage and grid spacing that is interpolated from the 4-km NAM. River forcing (discharge and water temperature) is estimated using near-real-time observations from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) river gauges and persisted the last observations into forecast simulations. NGOFS relies on CO-OPS' real-time water level, temperature and salinity observations, NWS Extratropical Storm Surge (ETSS) forecasts, the Advanced CIRCulation Model (ADCIRC) ec2001 tide database, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) river data, and the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM).

CA_ 3km_UCLA_C

The California (CA) ROMS (Regional Ocean Modeling System) is run by University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and Remote Sensing Solutions jointly funded by Central and Northern California Ocean Observing System (CeNCOOS) and Southern California Coastal Ocean Observing System (SCCOOS). The Calif 3km ROMS model has a horizontal grid of 3.3 km and 40 terrain-following vertical layers. The thickness of the surface layer ranges from 0.25 meter near the coast to 4 meters offshore. The open boundary conditions are provided by the Navy global HYCOM model. Tidal boundary conditions are added using the global TPXO model output with eight (8) tidal constituents. Atmospheric forcing is derived from NCEP

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Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS

WRF/NAM-based 5 km atmospheric nowcast and 72-hour forecast. River inflow is presently not included, but will be added in the near future. Data assimilation (3DVAR) includes: satellite sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height (SSH), HF-radar surface currents, and internal water temperature and salinity from moorings, profiling floats and gliders. Additional information can be found at Remote Sensing Solutions web site:

(http://west.rssoffice.com/ca_roms), the CeNCOOS web site (http://www.cencoos.org/data/models/roms/ca), and the SCCOOS web site (http://www.sccoos.org/data/roms-3km/). The Calif 3km ROMS model is run daily and produces nowcast every six hours and 72-hour forecast initialized on 03 UTC.

ColumbiaR_NOS_C

Columbia River Estuary Operational Forecast System (CREOFS) has been developed jointly by the Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), the NOAA/National Ocean Service's (NOS), and the NOAA/National Weather Service's (NWS) National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). CREOFS uses a prognostic, unstructured-grid, free-surface, 3-D primitive equation, the Semi-implicit Eulerian-Lagrangian Finite Element (SELFE) model, which was developed at the Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU). The triangle-based unstructured grid model extends from ocean to just below the Bonneville Dam in North Bonneville, WA out to the Washington/Oregon coast. River flow data is from USGS at the Bonneville Dam, offshore open boundary forcing is from NCEP global HYCOM and winds are from 4-km NAM. CREOFS uses a hybrid vertical coordinate system so that the surface layer is 1/37th the water depth when water depth is less than 100 meters, and is 2.7 meter thick in water 100 meter deep or deeper.

Tidal open boundary conditions are from a high-resolution assimilating tidal model for the northeast Pacific Ocean with 8 constituents of M2, K1, K2, N2, S2, O1, P1 and Q1. River forcing (discharge and water temperature) is estimated using near-real-time observations from the U.S.

Geological Survey (USGS) river gauges and projected river discharges at Bonneville Dam from Bonneville Power Administration (BPA). Pre-generated climatological daily mean river discharges, temperature, and salinity are used as backup if no real-time observations are available at runtime. CREOFS replaces the CMOP; Lower Columbia River and Upper Columbia River tidal models.

ChesBay_NOS_C, DelBay_NOS_C, TampaBay_NOS_C, StJohnRiver_NOS_C, NY_Hrbr_NOS_C SanFran_NOS_C

NOS runs Operational Forecast Systems for Chesapeake Bay; Delaware Bay; Tampa Bay; St.

Johns River; and New York and New Jersey harbor regions. These 3-D ROMS numerical models include ADCIRC tides and global HYCOM (NCEP) temperatures and salinities at the outer boundaries; river flow (USGS stream gage for nowcast and persisting the most recent observation for the forecast period); and wind forcing is from hourly surface wind analysis from NCEP for the nowcast and NAM for the forecasted periods. NOS Operational Forecast system

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Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS models’ horizontal and vertical grid cell sizes and minimum and maximum surface layer thickness are summarized in Table 5.

Table 5.

Horizontal and Vertical grid cell sizes of the NOS Operational Forecast System models

NOS model Horizontal Grid (km)

Top Vertical Grid (%)

Min model Depth (m)

Max model Depth (m)

Min Surface

Layer (m)

Max Surface

Layer (m)

NY/NJ

Harbor

0.2 - 0.6 14.3 0 25 0 3.6

St. Johns River

0.15 - 1 16.7 0 19.5 0 3.25

Tampa Bay 0.3 - 1 9 2 31 0.2 2.8 Del Bay 0.2 - 2.5 10 2 130 0.2 13

Chesapeake Bay

0.5 - 3 5 2 55 0.4 11

San Francisco

Bay

0.1 - 4 5 0.2 106.8 0.1 5

Hawaii_UHI_C

(Regional Ocean Modeling System) for the Hawaiian Island region is run by the University of Hawaii for PacIOOS. The Hawaii ROMS has a regular grid of 4 km in the horizontal and 32 terrain-following vertical levels. The thickness of the surface layer is interpolated to constant layer thickness of 0.25 meters. The Hawaii ROMS is nested inside the Navy’s global HYCOM model, and uses global HYCOM for its outer open boundaries for temperature, salinity, currents.

There are 11 principal tidal constituents and 3 higher level tidal constitutions that come from interactions. Wind forcing of the surface layers are from a locally run 6 km weather model. All available observations collected for the past 3 days are assimilated into the nowcast field (ocean gliders, Argo sub-surface floats, HF radar surface currents, and satellite data). Additional information can be found at: http://oos.soest.hawaii.edu/pacioos/focus/modeling/roms.php

STPS_MidAtl_UConn_C

HF Radar Short Term Predictions (STPS - Short Term Prediction System) are available hourly for the MARCOOS region between Cape Cod and Cape Hatteras along the continental shelf.

Mid-Atlantic Regional Association for Coastal Ocean Observing System (MARACOOS) maintains these shore based radars. For each long-range 5 MHz HF radar grid point, the tidal constituents were determined from the data, and then the best statistical correlation between

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Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS previous non-tidal fields and the present non-tidal surface current field were used to generate predictions over the MARACOOS regions from the latest HF radar data field (3 hour ago) through the next 24-hours. The measuring depth of long-range HF radar is 2.3 meters. HF radar Short Term Predictions have been verified against USGS SLDMBs. University of Connecticut, Marine Sciences Program supported by MARACOOS runs the Short-Term-Predictive System which provides the HF radar Predictions.

STPS_West_UConn_C

HF Radar Predictions are also available hourly for the California - Oregon coastal line out to approximately 100 nm. For each long-range 5 MHz HF radar grid point, the tidal constituents were determined from the data, and then the best statistical correlation between previous non-tidal fields and the present non-tidal surface current field were used to generate predictions from the latest HF radar data field (3 hour ago) through the next 24-hours. The measuring depth of long-range HF radar is 2.3 meters. HF radar Short Term Predictions have been verified against USGS SLDMBs. University of Connecticut, Marine Sciences Program supported by US IOOS Office runs the Short-Term-Predictive System which provides the HF Radar Predictions. HFRadarPred-West will appear in the TOC Layers as CODARSTPS_USWC.

ADCIRC_APS_UNC_C

Advanced Circulation Model: (http://www.adcirc.org/index.html) - Albemarle and Pamlico Sounds (APS) is run by the University of North Carolina (UNC). ADCIRC APS UNC provides combined wind-driven, river-driven and tidal currents. Real-time NAM 12-km winds force the wind driven currents; real-time river forcing is provided for the Nuese and Tar Rivers by NOAA’s National Severe Storms Lab; forcing for the tidal currents is provided by Oregon State Univ. global tidal model as well as direct astronomical tidal forcing terms. ADCIRC uses finite element method in space allowing the use of highly flexible, unstructured grids containing higher resolution inshore and coarser resolution offshore where it is not needed. ADCIRC APS UNC is a depth averaged tidal and wind currents (100% of the local water depth).

ADCIRC_East_tides_C, ADCIRC_West_tides_C (http://www.adcirc.org/index.html). ADCIRC East and West in SAROPS is strictly the tidal driven version of ADCIRC. ADCIRC was run offline with forcing provided by the Oregon State University global tidal model as well as direct astronomical tidal forcing terms. ADCIRC currents were analyzed to determine tidal constituents which are stored in a database on the EDS server. In response to a request from the SAROPS user, a local computation is done on the EDS server to recreate real time tidal currents from the tidal constituent database. ADCIRC uses the finite element method in space allowing the application of highly flexible, unstructured grids containing higher resolution inshore and coarser resolution offshore where it is not needed. ADCIRC East and West in SAROPS provides depth-averaged tidal currents (100% of the local water depth). ADCIRC in the EDS does not include wind forcing or river run-off.

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Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS

PWS_tides_ASA_C, SE_AK_tides_ASA_C, StJDeFuca_tides_ASA_C, SanFran_tides_ASA_C, NarragBay_tides_ASA_C

Prince William Sound and SE Alaska tidal models are continuously nested square grid vertically averaged hydrodynamic models. Straits of Juan de Fuca; San Francisco Bay, and Narragansett Bay use curvilinear boundary fitted coordinate hydrodynamic model. All the models solve the three-dimensional conservation equations in spherical coordinates for water mass, density, and momentum across all levels of spatial resolution at each time step and are depth averaged tidal currents (100% of the local water depth). A quadratic stress law, based on the local bottom terrain, is used to represent frictional dissipation. The model forcing functions consist of surface elevations along the open boundaries. The tidal forcing for the 6 major harmonic constituents (M2, S2, N2, K1, O1 and P1), derived from the Global Ocean Tidal Model (TPOX71) developed at the Oregon State University was applied along the offshore open boundary.

Mariano_ShipDrift_C

Arthur Mariano, of the University of Miami, developed a method of averaging large current data sets using a contour algorithm that preserves much of the higher velocity flow features (Mariano et al., 1995). This data (4.1 million ship-drift observations) set provides estimates for x grids centered on the . Since this data set is based upon ships’ set and drift data, we take the average depth of the file to equivalent to ships’ hull depth or about 10 meters. He provided yearly, seasonal, quarterly, and monthly averages. Mariano first averaged currents by basin before combining into a global file to avoid combining data from separate basins across narrow land masses. This data file is known as the Mariano sea-current data file and visualizations of simulated drifters are available at (http://oceanmotion.org/html/resources/drifter.htm)

FLDA_Transects_C

FLDA Historical Transects is a high (0. x 0. ) resolution climatological file that incorporates a series of velocity transects across the Gulf Stream with background currents from Atlas of Pilot Charts. The velocity measurements were based upon pairs of dye release from depth and from the surface. FLDA contains static monthly averaged currents that do not reflect real time deviations, gyres, meanders or counter currents along the edge of the Gulf Stream. However, since the Gulf Stream is tightly constrained between Florida, Cuba and the Bahamas Banks, the FLDA provides a good first order estimate of the Gulf Stream in the vicinity of south and eastern Florida.

HF_Radar_MidAtl_C

Shore-based HF radars can measure surface currents by the Doppler shift of the surface waves by the surface currents in the radial direction. A network of transmit and receive sites along the

70Z04420R20002600

Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS coast can map the surface currents out 100 nm. A network of long-range HF radars is maintained by Mid-Atlantic Regional Association for Coastal Ocean Observing System between Cape Cod and Cape Hatteras. The data fields are 3-hour averages updated every hour and available with nominal latency of 3 hours. The long range HF radars (5 Mhz) depth average the top 2.3 meters of the ocean surface currents. HF radar data predictions have been verified against USGS SLDMBs.

HFRadar_East_C, HFRadar_HI_C, HFRadar_West_C, HFRadar_PR_C

Shore-based HF radars can measure surface currents by the Doppler shift of the surface waves by the surface currents in the radial direction from a system of transmit and receive coastline sites.

The US East, West, and Puerto Rico long range HF radars (5 Mhz) depth average the top 2.3 meters of the ocean surface currents on a 6 km grid. The Hawaii HF radar (16 Mhz) averages the top 0.75 meters of the ocean surface currents on a 6 km grid. A network of long-range HF radars is maintained by various academic and government institutions on the west coast (HFRadar - US West Coast); the east coast and Gulf of Mexico (HFRadar - US East and Gulf Coast), Hawaii (HFRadar US Hawaii State), and Puerto Rico (HF Radar - Puerto Rico). The data fields are 3-hour averages updated every hour and available with nominal latency of 3 hours. HF radar data predictions have been verified against USGS SLDMBs.

Rivers_USGS_C

USGS - Rivers: Implementation of river velocity required the merging and editing of the GSHSS, NHDPlus, and USGS shoreline and river segment data sets. For each river segment, annual mean flow was converted to velocity along the centerline of the segment, and river left and right. The nearest USGS gauge station daily averaged flow relative to the annual mean flow are used to adjust the velocities for river segment. Particles in rivers flow along the left, center or right river segment velocities and always have a 'slippery shore' condition. Rivers has only been fully implemented for the Columbia River above Bonneville Dam.

SLDMB_C

The USCG, Australian, and New Zealand Self-Locating Datum Marker Buoys are air-deployable standard oceanographic surface drifters. In January 2016, ALC began the distribution of the next generation SLDMB-3 to the field. The SLDMB-3 are smaller and lighter than the SLDMB-2 buoys currently in use. The primary difference is that the SLDMB-3 uses Iridium satellite system to deliver its position and data directly to the SAROPS Environmental Data Server (EDS). The use of Iridium has essentially removed all data latency issues from the SLDMB-3. Also, each SLDMB-3 has a unique identifier, ensuring easy and immediate identification of data with the specific buoy. SLDMB-3 also reports the sea surface water and air temperatures. SLDMBs represent the best estimate of surface currents at their location. Therefore they can be used to

70Z04420R20002600

Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS determine which of the EDS products are presently estimating the surface currents in the region of the SLDMB. After the case, all SLDMBs tracks are kept and used by oceanographers to verify the numerical models used within the EDS. SLDMBs are used to determine the Skill of the collocated models by comparing simulated tracks from the models to the actual tracks of the SLDMBs at 6 hour intervals. These comparisons and skill ratings are available to SAR SMEs.

The latency of the SLDMB data is due to the satellite system; this will be significantly reduced in the next SLDMB generation along with a reduction in on-board storage size and weight.

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Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS

Appendix B, EDS Wind Guide

Environmental Data System (EDS)

(WINDS)

(Updated 30 November 2017)

Highlights and Notes

This is an overview of the surface wind products and data available in the Environmental Data System (EDS version 2.0) as of 30 November 2017. Below are relevant highlights and notes on EDS and its products.

The products listed here are available to USCG users of SAROPS. The products are listed by order of preference from highest to lowest in the flow charts for that particular end point.

However, the primary choice, if available, should always be evaluated. The EDS choice should first be evaluated for coverage of the AOI in time and space; then for coverage in the immediate area of the scenario(s). And then finally, the EDS choice should be evaluated against data sources, the secondary choices, on scene reports and local or expert knowledge. If the primary choice does not satisfy the above evaluations; secondary and tertiary sources should be considered and evaluated for use. Many of the EDS sources are equivalent or nearly equivalent, so consideration and use of secondary and tertiary sources is encouraged. Data sources of winds (NDBC buoys) are listed last.

Names now contain the product, (source) and if necessary the type or short descriptor and ends with ‘_W’ to indicate that it’s a surface wind product. After a wind product is downloaded, the DTG of the download request is also appended to the specific file name. Thus the wind file name in the TOC or cached products will have the format: ‘name_descriptor_(source)_W: DTG’.

The NWS has expanded the coverage of the CONUS and Alaskan NDFD wind products further offshore. This expansion occurred 20 March 2013. Other NDFD products and regions can be viewed at: http://preview.weather.gov/graphical/index.php Products relevant to SAR include:

Relative Humidity (useful for PSDA); Weather, % cloud cover, and Probability of Precipitation (useful for visibility estimates); and Wave Height (ft).

Ten (10) meters above sea level or ground level is the standard meteorological height for measurements and surface winds from numerical models. The operational definition of leeway relates the motion of the SAR object to winds adjusted to the standard meteorological height of 10-meters.

Inquiries: Arthur Allen (Oceanographer for CG-SAR-1) Arthur.A.Allen@uscg.mil

The objective is to SELECT the most appropriate EDS wind source.

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Attachment 2, Task Order 1 PWS

EDS WIND PRODUCTS

(Real-time Data-assimilating Numerical Models)

NAM_PR_3km_W NOAA/NCEP

Regional (Westward passage to St Martin)

3 km Hourly 84 Hrs

Times Daily

EDS Products

PRODUCT OWNER

COVERAG

E

DATA

CELL

SIZE

RATE OF

OBSERVATIO

N

FORECAST

LENGTH

MODE

L RUN

NDFD_CONUS_W

NDFD_AK_W

NDFD_Guam_W NDFD_Hawaii_W

NDFD_PR_W *1

NOAA/NCEP*

Coastal

CONUS,

P.R., AK,

HI, Guam

10 km North Pacific 6 km

AK

5 km

CONU

S

2.5 km

HI,

Guam

1.5 km

PR/VI

3 hourly out 72, 6 hourly out 168 hrs

168 Hrs

Times Daily

NAM_CONUS_12km_W*

NOAA/NCEP

Regional (North

America) 12 km Hourly 84 Hrs

Times Daily

NAM_CONUS_5km_W NOAA/NCEP Regional (North

America) 4-6 km Hourly 84 Hrs

Times Daily

NAM_AK_6km_W NOAA/NCEP Regional (Alaska)

6 km Hourly 84 Hrs

Daily

NAM_HI_3km_W NOAA/NCEP Regional (Hawaii)

3…