MDHHS - Residential Sampling

Protocol for

Revised 07/16/2024

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Table of Contents

Introduction

Project set-up

Before site-visit

Onsite sampling set-up

Sample collection

Sample identification codes

Collect water samples

Additional sample collection activities

Sample submission to laboratory

Reporting, interpretation, and abatement specification development

Information to assist with interpretation

Abatement specification development

Abatement

Clearance and clearance reporting

Works cited

Appendices

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Michigan Department of Health and Human Services Residential Sampling Protocol for Lead in Drinking Water

Introduction The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Environmental Health, developed a Residential Sampling Protocol for Lead in Drinking Water to include sample collection, reporting, abatement, and clearance. This protocol is required for all Lead Services Section funded projects requiring water sampling.

The guidance contained within this document is subject to change due to collective efforts to review and revise existing protocols. Persons performing water sampling must take the Residential Sampling Protocol for Lead in Drinking Water training.

Project set-up

Before site-visit

• Contact the occupant to schedule the water sample collection. Inform the occupant about the Water Sample Collection Process and Requirements (Table 1). Consider conducting a pre-sampling questionnaire to assist with identifying an estimated number of sample collection supplies needed (see Appendix A for an example questionnaire).

• Contact the certified drinking water laboratory to request sample collection supplies. This includes 125 milliliter (mL) and 1 Liter (L) bottles.

• Contact the occupant to confirm water sample collection the day before sample collection and instruct them about the water sample collection process and requirements (Table 1).

• Prepare water sample collection materials. For an example list of project set-up materials see Appendix B.

• If necessary, contact the landlord to assist.

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Table 1. Instructions for occupants prior to sampling

1. Instruct the occupant to flush all identified drinking water faucets for at least one minute. If flushing a hose bib, instruct occupant to use a hose to ensure water is directed away from the foundation. For vacant properties, flush all faucets for at least five minutes.

2. Instruct the occupant to have safe drinking water available during the stagnation period.

3. Instruct the occupant to fill a 5-gallon bucket to use for flushing the toilet, washing hands, etc.

4. Instruct the occupant to not use all household water for at least six hours prior to the water sample collection. Remind them this includes flushing toilets, doing laundry, taking a shower, watering gardens, etc.

5. Instruct the occupant to prepare faucets for sampling (emptying sink of dishes, clearing space on counter near sink, etc.)

Onsite sampling set-up Upon arrival at the home, introduce yourself and confirm that an occupant over 18 years of age is present. Once confirmed, explain the objectives of your visit and how you plan to collect water samples. Consider providing the occupant with a copy of the MDHHS Lead in Water Sample Collection handout explaining the process (Appendix C).

To properly set up water sampling, you must first determine if you should collect water, then identify sampling locations and water meter(s), obtain measurements for large volume samples, and document sampling locations on the floor plan. Document if the stagnation period at any faucet has been greater than 24 hours.

Sample collection methodology for multi-family properties is developed on a case-by-case basis.

Contact the Lead Services Section at 866-691-5323 for assistance with sample collection and reporting.

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Should I collect water samples today?

Water should only be collected after a six hour or more stagnation period. Homes with evidence of water use may need to be rescheduled. Use the “Should I collect water samples today?”

flowchart to determine if water samples can be collected during your visit, or if you need to reschedule.

Should I collect water samples today?

Ask: Has anyone in the residence used the water in the last 6 hours?

Yes

If performing an environmental investigation, place DO NOT USE signs on every water fixture including toilets.

Instruct the residents to not use water during the investigation. If water was used during the environmental investigation after posting signs, RESCHEDULE water sample collection for later date. If water was not used, collect samples after achieving the 6-hour stagnation period. If a 6-hour stagnation period is not achieved during the visit, either wait or reschedule.

Regardless of whether water samples can be collected, complete the water sampling questionnaire as part of the initial lead inspection. If collecting water samples only, RESCHEDULE water sample collection for a later date.

No

Visual inspection: Conduct a visual inspection to verify water usage.

Evidence of water use*

No evidence of water use

Collect samples: Once the stagnation period has been verified, collect small and large volume samples.

* Evidence of water use may include cooking, water in the sink, washer or dryer running, dishwasher running, or fresh tea or coffee.

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Rescheduling and disengagement A minimum of two additional attempts to collect water samples is required. Document attempts in the Water Sample Collection Record of Engagement (Appendix D).

If attempts to collect water samples are unsuccessful, prepare and send a Letter of Disengagement (Appendix E).

Identify faucets for sampling Determine which faucets to sample before sample collection. All potable water faucets must be sampled. To determine if a faucet should be sampled, use the Identifying faucets for sampling flowchart in conjunction with the MDHHS LIRA-EBL Report which can be found by visiting https://www.michigan.gov/mileadsafe/professionals/resources.

Identifying faucets for sampling

Is the faucet POTABLE?

(ex. kitchen or bathroom)

Yes

Sample faucet according to protocol

Is the faucet NON-POTABLE? (ex. laundry faucet, exterior hose bib, bathtub faucet, or heating system faucet)

Is the faucet used for drinking or watering a garden?

Yes

Place “DO NOT DRINK” tag on faucet

No

Water sample collection not required https://www.michigan.gov/mileadsafe/professionals/resources

Locate the water meter or pressure tank Locating the water meter or pressure tank is required to determine the number of large volume samples to collect.

If on municipal water, locate the water meter

Options to help locate the water meter include:

• Asking the homeowner if they know where the water meter is located.

• Searching the exterior house for the water meter gauge. The water meter is typically found inside the home near this location.

• Searching the lowest level rooms near the street side of the house for the water meter.

• Identifying the water heater and following the plumbing back to the water meter.

A visual inspection of the service line to identify its material can be completed while locating the water meter.

• If the pipe is black, white, or blue and the piping is joined with a clamp, screw, or glue, the service line is likely made of plastic or PVC.

• If the pipe is copper in color and not magnetic, the service line is likely made of copper.

• If the pipe is lead, it may have a solder bulb near the valve (see Image 1). Make sure to document and photograph evidence of lead service lines.

• Differentiate galvanized steel and lead service lines by:

Galvanized Steel Lead Magnetic Not Magnetic Difficult to Scratch / Dent Easy to Scratch / Dent Threads into Fitting Bulges near Valve

What if the service line material cannot be verified? What if the service line is behind a wall, under flooring, or otherwise obstructed?

• Document unknown material with explanation

• Document any unusual conditions or recent repairs, etc...

If on a well-system, locate the pressure tank

Options to help locate the pressure tank include:

• Asking the homeowner if they know where the pressure tank is located.

• Searching the lowest level rooms for the pressure tank.

• Identifying the water heater and following the plumbing back to the pressure tank.

Image 1

Obtain measurements for large volume samples Determine the appropriate number of sequential 1-L samples to collect to represent interior and exterior plumbing from the kitchen or primary potable faucet (see Figure 1 for example).

Table 2. Measurements and calculations for municipal water or well-system sample collection

If on m un ic ip al w at er

Interior plumbing: Measure the horizontal distance from the water meter to the kitchen or primary potable faucet, in feet.

To account for the vertical rise, add 10 feet per additional floor (e.g., basement, second level). Calculate the vertical rise based on each additional floor from the service line to the sampling location. If the samples are collected from an outlet on the same floor as the service line, there is no need to factor in vertical rise.

Divide this distance by 15 and round the result up to the nearest whole number.

Interior plumbing = 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑤𝑤𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓 𝑓𝑓𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓 𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓 𝑓𝑓𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 10 𝑓𝑓𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝑝𝑝𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓 𝐷𝐷𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝑎𝑎 𝑓𝑓𝑎𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

Exterior plumbing: Measure the distance from the water meter to the opposite side of the street, at the curb, in feet. Add 15 feet to ensure the water main is reached. Divide this distance by 15 and round the result up to the nearest whole number.

Exterior plumbing = 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑤𝑤𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓 𝑓𝑓𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓 𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓 𝑓𝑓𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑓𝑓𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑐𝑐 + 15 𝑓𝑓𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷

Total number of sequential 1-L samples for municipal water systems: Add the interior plumbing and exterior plumbing calculation results together.

Total number of sequential 1-L samples = interior plumbing + exterior plumbing

If on a w el l-sy st em Interior plumbing: Measure the horizontal distance from the pressure tank to the kitchen or primary potable faucet, in feet.

To account for the vertical rise, add 10 feet per additional floor (e.g., basement, second level). Divide this distance by 15 and round the result up to the nearest whole number.

Interior plumbing = 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑝𝑝𝑓𝑓𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝐷𝐷 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝑡𝑡 𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓 𝑓𝑓𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 10 𝑓𝑓𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝑝𝑝𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓 𝐷𝐷𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝑎𝑎 𝑓𝑓𝑎𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

Develop and document the floor plan Develop a floor plan for the property. The floor plan must include:

• Sample locations

• Large volume sample measurements and calculations

• Location of the water meter and service line; or location of the pressure tank, if on a well system

BF1

BF2

Basement fe et

*Floor sampled

2nd floor

(Service line)

Figure 1. Example floor plan with measurements to determine number of large volume samples (including vertical rise and adding an additional 15 feet to ensure sample reaches water main).

1-Liter bottle = 15 feet sample of interior plumbing Interior: 30 feet + 28 feet + 10 feet (vertical rise) = 68 feet 68 feet / 15 feet = 4.53 ≈ 5 large volume samples Exterior: 32 feet + 15 feet / 15 feet = 3.13 ≈ 4 large volume samples Total: 5 (int.) + 4 (ext.) = 9 large volume samples

Sample collection

Sample identification codes Each water sample must be given a unique identification (ID) code. Refer to the sample identification codes (Table 3) for correct coding.

A Lead in Water Protocol Quick Reference Guide is included in Appendix F.

Table 3. Sample identification codes

Faucet location

BF1 = bathroom faucet, cold KF1 = kitchen faucet, cold EF1 = exterior faucet, cold LF1 = laundry faucet, cold BTF1 = bathtub faucet, cold OF1 = other faucet, cold

Order of sample collection

First draw samples = P1 and P2 Sequential samples = A1, A2, A3…

Sample volume 125-milliliter (mL) (first draw samples) 1-Liter (L) (sequential samples)

For example:

FAUCET ID CODE SAMPLE VOLUME (bottle size)

Bathroom faucet (bathroom 1), first draw

BF1-P1

BF1-P2

125-mL 125-mL

Bathroom faucet (bathroom 2), first draw

BF2-P1

BF2-P2

125-mL 125-mL

Kitchen faucet, first-draw

KF1-P1

KF1-P2

125-mL 125-mL

Kitchen faucet, sequential

KF1-A1

KF1-A2

KF1-A3…etc.

1-L 1-L 1-L

Collect water samples Sample preparation

1. Follow water laboratory labeling requirements. Use unique identification codes provided in Table 3.

2. Prior to collecting the first sample:

Verify cold water faucet handle with resident.

Write the unique ID code on each sample bottle and bottle cap.

Remove caps from each bottle. Place open side up to avoid contamination.

If there is an aerator present, do not remove before sample collection.

If there is a water filter on the faucet, either remove the filter or bypass the filter.

If there is an inline filter (underneath the sink) or a whole house filtration system, document presence and sample according to protocol.

Remove caps from each bottle. Place open side up to avoid contamination.

Sample collection

3. Collect the small volume samples: Place the open P1 bottle under the faucet. Open the faucet to produce a moderate, steady stream of cold water. Fill the P1 bottle to the neck of the bottle. Without a break in stream, immediately fill the P2 bottle. Do not turn off the faucet between the P1 and P2 samples.

4. Turn off faucet following P2 sample collection.

5. Cap each sample bottle.

6. If at the kitchen (or primary potable faucet), collect the large volume samples: Place the open A1 bottle under the faucet. Open the faucet to produce a moderate, steady stream of cold water. Fill the A1 bottle to neck of the bottle. Without a break in stream, immediately fill remaining sequential A bottles.

7. If possible, remove and check aerator for particles after all samples are collected.

Photograph the aerator. Document presence or absence of particles in report.

8. Follow laboratory submission requirements.

Additional sample collection activities Consider performing additional actions to help interpret water sample results.

XRF readings Taking XRF readings can be a useful screening tool to help determine the presence of lead in metal.1 If taking XRF readings, perform on solder joints, valves, service lines, and other accessible plumbing components. Readings are intended to be representative of the plumbing system, not a comprehensive investigation. They can, however, be used to help determine areas for interior plumbing abatement.

Photos Taking photos of plumbing components can be useful to help document plumbing materials and their condition. When taking photos, capture the service line (including the water meter) or pressure tank, water filter (including filtration systems), aerators, sampling locations (faucets and plumbing), exposed basement plumbing, and anything else relevant to the water system.

Sample submission to laboratory The Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy (EGLE) Drinking Water Laboratory for Lead and Copper is recommended for sample analysis, however private EGLE certified laboratories are permitted (visit https://www.michigan.gov/documents/deq/Lead__Copper_Lab_Certs_526434_7.pdf for a list of certified laboratories).

All water samples must be submitted to the lab within 10 calendar days of collection. Please contact laboratory in advance to delivering samples.

A chain-of-custody form must be completed with sample submission. Obtain a chain-of-custody form from the drinking water lab performing the analysis. A sample chain-of-custody form is in Appendix G.

1 The XRF instrument is not designed to analyze non-painted surfaces. According to the State of California (Department of Toxic Substances Control, Feb 2012), the XRF can be an effective screening tool to determine lead content in metal.

https://www.michigan.gov/documents/deq/Lead__Copper_Lab_Certs_526434_7.pdf

Reporting, interpretation, and abatement specification development All results from water sample collection and any additional sample collection activities must be included in a final report.

If lead sample results exceed allowable limits, the following must occur as soon as possible:

• Sample result exceedances must be communicated to the homeowner.

• Communicate protective actions homeowners can take to reduce risk of further lead (see Appendix H for protective actions).

• Communications to homeowners must be documented in the Michigan Comprehensive Lead Exposure Abatement Registry (MiCLEAR).

All Lead Services Section funded projects requiring water sampling must use the MDHHS Lead Inspection and Risk Assessment / Environmental Investigation Report template (find the template by visiting https://bit.ly/35sAImq).

If copper exceedances are detected (greater than 1,300 ppb):

• Attach the Copper in Drinking Water factsheet (see Appendix I) to the report.

• Email a copy of the laboratory analysis results to MDHHS-HHS-Results@Michigan.gov.

Information to assist with interpretation XRF readings and photos can help verify the existence of lead within plumbing components and help identify the location of the lead hazard.

Abatement specification development Refer to the abatement specification library in Appendix J for assistance.

Table 4. Abatement specification guidance and requirements by abatement location

Faucets All potable water faucets manufactured prior to 2014 will be replaced regardless of water sample results if funded by Medicaid CHIP. This includes the faucet and the water shut off valve for kitchen and bathroom faucets.

Other non-potable faucets manufactured prior to 2014 identified as drinking water sources with an associated sample result greater than or equal to the EPA lead action level may be replaced. If a non-potable faucet is not replaced, place a DO NOT DRINK tag on the faucet.

All replaced plumbing components must comply with NSF/ANSI 61 (or equivalent) standard. Visit https://bit.ly/3x7fbMp for help in identifying lead free certification marks for drinking water system and plumbing products.

https://bit.ly/35sAImq mailto:MDHHS-HHS-Results@Michigan.gov https://bit.ly/3x7fbMp

Table 4. Abatement specification guidance and requirements by abatement location

Interior plumbing

Interior plumbing replacement is required when results for large volume sequential samples, representative of the interior plumbing, are greater than or equal to the EPA lead action level. If able, replace interior plumbing components identified by an exceedance. Use XRF plumbing sample results to help locate interior plumbing abatement locations.

If whole house plumbing replacement must occur, the water heater should be replaced.

Any galvanized plumbing located between an exceedance and the faucet must be replaced.

Service line Complete (private and public) service line replacement must occur when:

• Results for large volume sequential samples representative of the service line are greater than or equal to the EPA lead action level and is identified by the water utility provider or a visual assessment as lead or galvanized steel.

• In Flint, service line material is identified as lead or galvanized steel (regardless of sample results).

Any galvanized plumbing that is between the exceedance and the faucet (including the interior plumbing) must be replaced.

Required specification disclaimer

The following disclaimer must be included in the faucet, interior plumbing, and service line replacement specifications:

• Contractor is responsible for obtaining required permits. Permits may vary by location.

• All products must be installed and/or applied per manufacturer’s written specifications and recommendations.

• All replaced plumbing components must comply with NSF/ANSI 61 (or equivalent) standard.

All packaging, documentation, and associated accessories (e.g., aerator keys) must be left on-site for the resident and/or landlord.

Abatement Perform abatement according to specifications.

Clearance and clearance reporting Clearance includes water sampling for abated plumbing components only. Failed clearance results and protective actions homeowners can take to reduce risk of further lead exposure must be communicated to the homeowner as soon as possible (see Appendix H for protective actions).

Communications to homeowners must be documented in the Michigan Comprehensive Lead Exposure Abatement Registry (MiCLEAR). A final clearance report must be sent to the homeowner within 10 business days of receiving passing clearance results. Find the clearance template by visiting https://bit.ly/35sAImq.

To perform a clearance, prepare the home. To prepare:

1. Flush all water sample locations for 5 minutes.

2. Remove, clean, and replace aerators (view the “How to clean your aerators” factsheet by visiting https://bit.ly/2TIadqx).

3. Flush water sample locations for another 5 minutes.

4. Do not use water for at least 6 hours.

5. Collect samples for water clearance (use Table 5 to perform sampling of abated plumbing components).

Table 5. Clearance sample collection

Plumbing component abated

Sample collection method

Faucets Collect two 125-mL first draw samples from each replaced faucet location using the sampling protocol for small volume samples.

One clearance attempt is required for non-potable faucets, such as exterior hose bibs. If failed, place DO NOT DRINK tag on faucet.

Interior plumbing Collect the total number of sequential 1-L samples calculated in the environmental investigation to represent the interior plumbing. Use the sampling protocol for large volume samples.

Service line Collect the total number of sequential 1-L samples calculated in the environmental investigation to represent the interior and exterior plumbing. Use the sampling protocol for large volume samples.

Failed clearances may represent incomplete refreshing of the system prior to sampling. Resample in accordance with Table 5. If laboratory results still exceed lead action levels after the third clearance sampling, contact the Lead Services Section at 866-691-5323 for assistance with sampling plan.

Works cited Department of Toxic Substances Control. (Feb 2012). Testing and Evaluation of Lead Content in Plumbing Products, Materials and Components. State of California. Retrieved from http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/PollutionPrevention/upload/lead-in-plumbing-testing-protocol.pdf https://bit.ly/35sAImq https://bit.ly/2TIadqx

Appendices Appendix A – Example Questionnaire

Appendix B – Project Set-up Materials

Appendix C – MDHHS Lead in Water Sample Collection handout

Appendix D – Water Sample Collection Record of Engagement

Appendix E – Letter of Disengagement

Appendix F – Lead in Water Protocol Quick Reference Guide

Appendix G – Sample Chain-of-Custody Form

Appendix H – Protective Actions

Appendix I –Copper in Drinking Water factsheet

Appendix J – Water-Specific Abatement Specification Library

Appendix K – Drinking Water Environmental Sampling Protocol

MDHHS Residential Sampling Protocol for Lead in Drinking Water Appendix A

Residential Water Sampling: Pre-sampling questionnaire

This questionnaire is designed to assist you in estimating the total number of 125 mL and 1 L bottles needed for sampling. On-site measurements and calculations will still need to be performed the day of sampling.

Contact Information/ Appointment Details:

Contact Name:

Contact Phone Number:

Address:

Appointment Date and Time:

Water Supply: Municipal / Well

Determine the approximate number of 125 mL first-draw bottles:

Number of Kitchen Faucets:

Number of Bathrooms:

Number of other potable faucets (bar, exterior, etc.):

Estimated # of 125 mL First Draw Bottles Needed (2* # of faucets):

Determining the approximate number of 1 L sequential bottles:

To answer the italicized questions, consider using mapping or GIS software such as Google Earth Pro to measure distances needed to calculate the approximate number of large 1 L sequential samples. Estimates are to help anticipate the maximum number of 1 L bottles required for sampling.

Does the home have multiple floors?

• Basement?

• Second Floor?

• Third Floor?

Yes: Add 10 additional feet per floor

______ additional floors * 10 ft/floor= _______ ft

Distance from curb to house in feet

Width of the house in feet

Length of the house in feet

Total distance measured in feet

Estimated # of 1 L Sequential Bottles Needed: (total distance/15)

MDHHS Residential Sampling Protocol for Lead in Drinking Water Appendix B

Supply Checklist for Residential Sampling Protocol for Lead in Drinking Water

Supplies Needed for Residential Lead in Water Sampling 125 mL first draw bottles and caps 1 L large volume sequential bottles and caps Bottle labels Writing utensils

• Pens

• Sharpies

Measuring devices

• Measuring wheel

• Tape measure

• Caliper

Box or container for transport Rubber bands Chain of Custody forms Request for Analysis forms (EGLE Drinking Water Lab) LIRA/EI report template water questionnaire

Optional Gloves Folding table Disinfecting wipes

Lead and Copper Water Collection

We will be collecting water from your home using a process called sequential sampling. The picture below is an example of this type of water collection.

• More than one bottle of water (water sample) will be collected to learn if your plumbing inside or outside of your home may be adding to the metal(s) in your water.

• We take measurements inside and outside of your home to know how many bottles of water to collect.

• Water samples will be collected from faucets used for drinking in your home, such as a kitchen or bathroom faucet.

• The first two samples taken from each faucet are called first-draws. These samples are to test water coming from the faucet.

• Samples taken after the first-draw are called sequential samples. These samples are to test water coming from the plumbing inside and outside (service line) of your home.

Outside Plumbing – Service Line

Road

Meter

Inside Plumbing

First Draw – Kitchen Faucet

First Draw – Bathroom Faucet

Bottles of water collected

Water Main

For More Information Please visit Michigan.gov/MiLeadSafe for more resources

MDHHS Residential Sampling Protocol for Lead in Drinking Water (Appendix C) https://www.michigan.gov/mileadsafe

MDHHS Residential Sampling Protocol for Lead in Drinking Water Appendix D (example)

WATER SAMPLE COLLECTION RECORD OF ENGAGEMENT

This form is to be used for recording attempts to collect water samples. If the protocol is followed and collection of water is unsuccessful, the client shall be disengaged. Once disengaged, no further attempts to collect water samples are required. This form is to be maintained in the project case file as documentation of disengagement.

123 Main St Property Address

John Doe Property Owner/Occupant Name

Initial Sampling Event Contact Attempts:

Date: Result:

Phone Call #1 3/5/2021 No answer, left voicemail

Phone Call #2 3/7/2021 Scheduled appointment

Disengagement Letter - -

Initial Sampling Event:

Appointment Date: 3/15/2021 Appointment Time: 13:00

Was the sampling successful?

No

If no, what was the reason for the failed attempt?

Occupant ran water prior to water sampling

MDHHS Residential Sampling Protocol for Lead in Drinking Water Appendix D (example)

First Rescheduled Sampling Event Contact Attempts:

Phone Call #1 3/16/2021 No answer, left message

Phone Call #2 3/18/2021 No answer, left message

Disengagement Letter 3/25/2021 Disengagement letter sent

First Rescheduled Sampling Event:

Appointment Date: Appointment Time:

Was the sampling successful?

If no, what was the reason

Second Rescheduled Sampling Event Contact Attempts:

Phone Call #1

Phone Call #2

Disengagement Letter

Second Rescheduled Sampling Event:

Appointment Date: Appointment Time:

Was the sampling successful?

If no, what was the reason

Disengagement

Date that disengagement letter was sent:

MDHHS Residential Sampling Protocol for Lead in Drinking Water Appendix E

Your Name Street Address City, ST ZIP Code Date

Recipient Name Title Company Name Street Address City, ST ZIP Code

Dear Recipient Name:

This is our final attempt to reach you to schedule lead in water sampling. If we do not hear from you, we will assume you no longer wish to have your water sampled.

We would like to continue to help keep your family safe from lead. Please call ###-###-#### if you would like to have your water sampled for lead in the future.

Sincerely, Your Name Title Company

Lead in Water Protocol – Quick Reference Guide

STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3 STEP 4 STEP 5 STEP 8

I25

Milliliter

(mL)

SM

A

LL

V

O

LU

M E

(b at h ro o m a n d n o n p o ta b le f au ce ts

) OFF ON

Pl

Without a break in stream, fill P2

P2

OFF Cap each bottle

I-Liter

(L) LA

R

G E

V O

LU

M

E (P ri m ar y p o ta b le F au ce t)

OFF ON

AI

Without a break in stream, fill A2. Repeat for remaining I-L samples.

A2

OFF Cap each bottle

A5 A5 A4 A3

A2 AI

Remove and check aerator for particles.

Photograph.

Document (absence or presence).

Follow laboratory submission requirements.

Water should only be collected after a six hour or more stagnation period. Homes with evidence of water use may need to be rescheduled. Use the “Should I collect water samples today?” flowchart to determine if water samples can be collected during your visit, or if you need to reschedule.

Should I collect water samples today?

Ask: Has anyone in the residence used the water in the last 6 hours?

Yes

If performing an environmental investigation, place DO NOT USE signs on every water fixture including toilets. Instruct the residents to not use water during the investigation. If water was used during the environmental investigation after posting signs, RESCHEDULE water sample collection for later date. If water was not used, collect samples after achieving the 6-hour stagnation period. If a 6-hour stagnation period is not achieved during the visit, either wait or reschedule.

If collecting water samples only, RESCHEDULE water sample collection for a later date.

No

Visual inspection: Conduct a visual inspection to verify water use

Evidence of water use

No evidence of water use

Collect samples:

Once the stagnation period has been verified, collect small and large volume samples

Sample collection bottle prep

Write ID code on bottle To ensure clarity for the lab:

o Zero = Ø o One = I (vertical line) o Seven = 7 (cross through)

Example identification codes:

FAUCET ID CODE SAMPLE VOLUME (bottle size)

Bathroom faucet (bathroom 1), first draw

BF1-P1

BF1-P2

125-mL

125-mL

Bathroom faucet (bathroom 2), first draw

BF2-P1

BF2-P2

125-mL

125-mL

Kitchen faucet, first-draw

KF-P1

KF-P2

125-mL

125-mL

Kitchen faucet, sequential

KF-A1

KF-A2

KF-A3…etc.

1-L

1-L

1-L

Remove cap (place open side up) Filter? Remove or bypass.

Inline filter or whole house filtration system? Document.

Identifying faucets for sampling

Is the faucet used for drinking or water a garden?

Yes

Sample faucet according to protocol

No

Water sample collection not required

Example floor plan

Floor plan with sampling locations and measurements to determine number of large volume samples (including vertical rise and adding an additional 15 exterior feet to ensure sample will reach water main).

1-Liter bottle = 15 feet sample of interior plumbing

Interior: 30 feet + 28 feet + 10 feet (vertical rise) = 68 feet

68 feet / 15 feet = 4.53 ≈ 5 large volume

Exterior: 32 feet + 15 feet (main) / 15 feet = 3.13 ≈ 4 large volume

Total: 5 (int.) + 4 (ext.) = 9 large volume samples

BF1

BF2

Page ___ of ___

MDHHS Residential Sampling Protocol for Lead in Drinking Water Appendix G (example)

MDHHS – Water Sampling Chain of Custody Site Name and/or Address: _100 Main St_________________________________________________________

Sample Collector: _John Doe________________________ Report Results To: ___John Doe_________ ______________________________

Phone: __123-456-7890_________________________________ Email Address: __JohnDoe@mail.com___________________________________

Analysis Requested

Date Time Collected Sample ID Preservation Pb & Cu Remarks

3/2/21 13:00 KF-P1 - X Kitchen faucet (125 mL)

13:00 KF-P2 - X Kitchen faucet (125 mL)

3/2/21 13:15 BF1-P1 - X Bathroom faucet (125 mL)

13:15 BF1-P2 - X Bathroom faucet (125 mL)

3/2/21 13:23 BF2-P1 - X Bathroom faucet (125 mL)

13:23 BF2-P2 - X Bathroom faucet (125 mL)

3/2/21 13:30 KF-A1 - X Kitchen faucet (1 L)

13:30 KF-A2 - X Kitchen faucet (1 L)

13:30 KF-A3 - X Kitchen faucet (1 L)

13:30 KF-A4 - X Kitchen faucet (1 L)

13:30 KF-A5 - X Kitchen faucet (1 L)

13:30 KF-A6 - X Kitchen faucet (1 L)

Date Time Submitted by Received by

3/3/21 9:00 John Doe Jane Doe

MDHHS Residential Sampling Protocol for Lead in Drinking Water Appendix H

Protective actions to reduce further exposure communications

Discuss high results No amount of lead in drinking water is safe. Discuss high results and provide recommendations to the resident using the information below.

Provide recommendations to reduce lead in drinking water Flush your pipes before using your water.

If you have not used your water for several hours, flushing your pipes may reduce the amount of soluble (dissolved) lead in your drinking water. To flush the pipes in your home, do any of the following for at least five minutes:

• Turn a faucet on all the way.

• Take a shower.

• Run a load of laundry.

• Run your dishwasher.

Before using the water from any specific faucet for drinking or cooking, run the water again until it goes from room temperature to cold. This flushes out any water that had been sitting in that sink’s pipes and faucet.

Using a filter can reduce lead in drinking water.

Both particulate and soluble lead can be safely removed from drinking water by using a water filter certified to reduce lead in drinking water. Look for filters that are tested and certified to NSF/ANSI Standard 53 for lead reduction. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to install the filter and maintain it.

Use cold filtered or flushed water for:

• Drinking, cooking, or rinsing food.

• Mixing powdered infant formula.

• Brushing your teeth.

Do not use hot water for drinking or cooking.

Do not cook with or drink water from the hot water tap. Lead dissolves more easily into hot water.

Clean your aerator.

Aerators (the mesh screens on your sink faucet) can trap pieces of particulate lead.

Clean your drinking water faucet aerator at least every six months.

If there is construction or repairs to the public water system or pipes near your home, clean your drinking water faucet aerator every month until the work is done.

Uses for water that has not been flushed or filtered:

If you have lead in your drinking water, you can use water that is not flushed or filtered for:

• Showering or bathing (avoid swallowing the water).

• Washing your hands, dishes, and clothes.

• Cleaning.

Copper in Drinking Water

What is copper?

Copper is found naturally in the environment in ground water and in surface water that is used for drinking water. It also comes from human-made sources, such as farming, mining and wastewater release. Copper is needed for all living things to survive. A person’s diet should include small amounts of copper. While copper is important to our health, high amounts can be harmful.

What health problems can copper cause?

Drinking water with high amounts of copper can cause:

• Upset stomach.

• Vomiting.

• Diarrhea.

• Stomach cramps.

• Severe illness, such as kidney and liver damage (when consumed over a period of time).

Infants may be more sensitive to elevated copper levels. Formula-fed children under 12 months already get their needed copper from infant formula.

In addition, people with rare diseases, like Wilson Disease, can have problems getting rid of copper from their body. They should follow their doctor’s recommendations, which may include avoiding extra sources of copper in certain foods, multivitamins and drinking water.

How does copper get into my drinking water?

While copper can be found naturally in drinking water, it often comes from a home’s pipes or faucets. When copper pipes get older, they may start to break down, letting the metal get into the water.

How much copper is permitted in my water?

The Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy (EGLE) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) limits how much copper and other chemicals can be in municipal drinking water. Currently, the action level is 1.3 parts per million (ppm) for copper in drinking water. When at least 10 percent of tested homes on the same public water supply have copper above 1.3 ppm, the water supplier takes action to lower the amount of copper.

How do I know if copper is in my drinking water?

• Copper in water can cause blue-green stains on plumbing, such as sinks, faucets and pipes. It can cause a metallic or bitter taste in drinking water.

• Testing is the best way to know if copper is in your drinking water.

• Call your local health department or a certified laboratory to get a test kit. To learn more about test kit availability, fees and instructions, visit Michigan.gov/EGLElab and click on “Drinking Water Laboratory.”

https://www.michigan.gov/egle/about/organization/remediation-and-redevelopment/laboratory

How can I reduce copper in my drinking water?

Keep your water moving.

If you have not used your water for several hours, run your water by doing any of the following for several minutes:

Before using the water from any faucet for drinking or cooking, run the cold water again for at least several seconds or until it goes from room temperature to cold.

Using a filter can reduce copper in drinking water.

Identifying the right filter for your household is important. If you have questions, call your local health department or the MDHHS Drinking Water Hotline. They can help you identify a filter that fits your household needs and budget.

• You can consider a filter that reduces copper at the point water is used, such as a faucet. This is called a point-of-use filter.

• A filter that removes copper at the point where the water enters your home may also be an option. This is called a point-of-entry filter.

• When buying a filter, look for the certification number NSF/ANSI Standard 53 for copper reduction and NSF/

ANSI Standard 42 for particulate reduction (Class 1). Make sure the box says that it reduces copper. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for filter installation and maintenance.

Do not use hot water for drinking or cooking.

• Do not cook with or drink water from the hot water tap. Copper dissolves more easily into hot water.

Clean your aerator.

• If there is construction or repairs to the public water system or pipes near your home, clean your drinking water faucet aerator every month until the work is done.

When can I use water from a faucet that has not been run for several minutes or is not filtered?

If you have copper in your drinking water, you can use water that is not cold or filtered for:

For More Information Michigan Department of Health and Human Services MI-TOXIC Hotline 800-648-6942 Michigan.gov/EnviroHealth, click “Care for Mi Drinking Water.”

List of Michigan Local Health Departments Malph.org/Resources/Directory

Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy Michigan.gov/EGLE

Laboratory Services Michigan.gov/EGLELab, choose “Drinking Water Laboratory”

The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) does not discriminate against any individual or group because of race, religion, age, national origin, color, height, weight, marital status, genetic information, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, political beliefs or disability.

https://www.michigan.gov/egle https://www.michigan.gov/egle/0,9429,7-135-3307_4131---,00.html http://www.michigan.gov/envirohealth https://www.malph.org/resources/directory

Michigan Department of Health and Human Services Healthy Homes Section Lead Safe Home Program

Project Specifications Water Remediation Specification Library

All Plumbing Components Contractor must retain receipts, photographs, and packages of plumbing materials for verification of current lead standards upon completion of project involving plumbing replacement materials.

Contractor to have faucet replacements completed and ready for post abatement water testing at time of clearance.

• Components to be from lead-free product lines or non- metal. (Must meet minimum NSF/ANSI 61-G and NSF/ANSI 372). Components intended for non-potable uses not acceptable.

• Faucet documents/paperwork to be presented to RFC for verification of proper components.

• All aerator keys/wrenches to be provided to homeowner.

• Contractor responsible to ensure proper drainage as of job completion-verify before starting work and notify RFC if problems.

Bathtub Remove the existing bathtub and dispose of it of according to State, Federal, and local requirements.

Provide and install a new tub unit with vinyl/plastic shower surround wall kit. Install new vinyl trim as needed and caulk tight. Tub shall be installed with appropriate support and to ensure proper drainage.

No exposed wood shall remain in tub shower area. Include filler, mixing valve (and fixture connections), shower head, and drain assembly.

• If drywall to be utilized it must be moisture/mold resistant. Prime with low VOC primer.

Homeowner responsible for finish paint.

• Components to be from lead-free product lines or non- metal. (Must meet NSF/ANSI 61-G and NSF/ANSI 372).

• Faucet documents/paperwork to be presented to RFC for verification of proper components.

• All aerator keys/wrenches to be provided to homeowner.

• Contractor responsible to ensure proper drainage as of job completion-verify before starting work and notify RFC if problems.

Bathtub (Paint Only) Remove all loose paint on exterior painted side of bathtub including claw feet (if applicable). Apply prime coat and two coats of a rust inhibitor paint.

Bathroom Vanity / Sink Remove existing vanity and sink and replace with new vanity, sink and trim. Repair all plumbing leaks as necessary. Replacement sink shall include vanity sink base, countertop with backsplash (manufactured marble) with centered, water conserving set faucet with built in flow restrictors, trip waste, fixture stops, supplies, and trap. Fixture stops shall be installed underneath the sink. Supply lines shall meet the approval of the local building official. Vanity shall have built in shelf or trays on the interior walls of the cabinet. Those base units 30 inches or wider shall have three drawers located on one side of the base. Vanity sides, base and trim shall be constructed of waterproofed plywood covered with 1/32-inch plastic laminate.

Faucets – Bathroom Vanity Remove the existing faucet/fixture and replace with new. Install new lead-free Delta Lavatory Faucet model B2596LF or B3596LF2 (Windemere Collection). Include all required fixture connections/accessories such as new pop-up assembly (if needed) and shut-off valves (required).

• Components to be from lead-free product lines or non- metal. (Must meet minimum NSF/ANSI 61-G and NSF/ANSI 372).

• Faucet documents/paperwork to be presented to RFC for verification of proper components.

• All aerator keys/wrenches to be provided to homeowner.

• Contractor responsible to ensure proper drainage as of job completion-verify before starting work and notify RFC if problems.

Faucets – Bathtub / Shower Remove the existing faucet/fixture and replace with new. Install new lead-free equivalent replacement lavatory faucet such as a Moen, Delta, Pfister, Kohler or equivalent. Include filler, mixing valve (and fixture connections), shower head, and drain assembly. Include for creation and/or repair of access as needed.

Faucets – Kitchen Remove the existing faucet/fixture and replace with new. Install lead-free Delta Kitchen Sink Faucet model numbers 100-DST or 100-BH-DST for non-sprayer locations. Or model numbers 400-DST, 400- BH-DST, 400-DST-A or 400-DST-L for sprayer equipped locations. Include all required fixture connections/accessories up to and including the shut-off valves (required).

• Components to be from lead-free product lines or non- metal. (Must meet minimum NSF/ANSI 61-G and NSF/ANSI 372).

• Faucet documents/paperwork to be presented to RFC for verification of proper components.

• All aerator keys/wrenches to be provided to homeowner.

• Contractor responsible to ensure proper drainage as of job completion-verify before starting work and notify RFC if problems.

Faucets – Laundry Remove existing and replace with new lead-free unit. Install lead-free Delta Kitchen Sink Faucet model numbers 100-DST or equivalent.

• Components to be from lead-free product lines or non- metal. (Must meet minimum NSF/ANSI 61-G and NSF/ANSI 372).

• Faucet documents/paperwork to be presented to RFC for verification of proper components.

• All aerator keys/wrenches to be provided to homeowner.

• Contractor responsible to ensure proper drainage as of job completion-verify before starting work and notify RFC if problems.

Faucets – Laundry (if concrete laundry tub present) Remove existing concrete laundry tub and faucet. Replace with new equivalent sized PVC (fiberglass, polypropylene acceptable) utility/laundry tub. Install lead-free Delta Kitchen Sink Faucet model numbers 100-DST or equivalent.

Faucets – Exterior Hose Bibs Remove existing and replace with new lead-free unit as manufactured by Prier (478-10-LF) or equivalent. Unit to be frost/freeze free per code. Install at currently working locations only.

• Components to be from Lead Free product lines or non- metal. (Must meet minimum

NSF/ANSI 61-G and NSF/ANSI 372).

• Faucet documents/paperwork to be presented to RFC for verification of proper components.

• All aerator keys/wrenches to be provided to homeowner.

Faucet Aerator Remove the existing faucet aerator and replace with new.

PLUMBING-Supply (Lead, Green) Remove existing supply plumbing system on the house side of the meter. (Service line not to be disturbed at this time.) Replace with PEX manifold distribution system complete. Supply lines to individual fixtures to be continuous uninterrupted runs. Provide for manifold (combined hot and cold manifold preferred-individual hot and cold manifolds acceptable), appropriately sized PEX tubing, faucets (refer to list below for faucet locations) necessary fixture connections, hammer arrestors and other hardware as needed. System to meet all flow rates and pressure requirements as specified per code. System installation shall be properly permitted and shall receive all standard inspections as required per federal, state and local code.

Install new lead-free faucets (direct replacement for existing fixture and faucet as closely as reasonable) such as manufactured by Moen, Delta, Pfister, Kohler or equivalent Replace faucets at the following locations:

• Components to be from lead-free product lines or non- metal. (Must meet minimum NSF/ANSI 61-G and NSF/ANSI 372).

• Do not use components intended for heating systems.

Sewer Line Repair Repair existing sewer line. Soil and waste piping and fitting shall be extra heavy or service weight cast iron or galvanized steel pipe, or PVC DWV Schedule 40 plastic pipe. Other materials may be acceptable when meeting the approval of the local building official. Piping shall be at least 3” in diameter.

Shut-off Valve Remove the existing faucet/fixture connection shut off and replace with new. Install new lead-free shut off (direct replacement for existing lavatory) such as Sioux Chief, Shark Bite, Arrowhead or equivalent.