River Forest Tower Inspection Report.pdf

STRUCTURE SUPPORT

BRANCH

FAA MMAC AJW-L523

TOWER INSPECTION

REPORT

Site ID: 080505T0805011 v.15.3 1

Top Page: Site Information Region/Forest 08/05

Forest Name National Forest in Florida

Facility Type Remote

Facility Use Sole Use

Site Name River Forest Repeater

Life Safety Priority 1 (b) Mission Capability Minor Environmental Minor

Overall Tower Condition Priority 1 (b)

Site Coordinates Lat/Long 29°00'48.0"N, 81°23'28.1"W

Access Road Starting Lat/Long 29°00'46.3"N, 81°23'26.9"W

Inspection Team

Inspection Report Reviewed By

Date of Inspection 1/10/2025

Date of Last Known Inspection 2/28/2020

Obstruction Lighting No

RF readings (safe/unsafe) Safe

Tower Manufacture Trylon

Tower Model STG Series Inspector Signature

Serial Number 4.618.G000.150 Name

Associated Drawing Numbers N/A Signature

Sign Here Tower Height 150’2”

Number of Sections 15 Elevation of Tower Slope Change N/A

Tower Status/Current Use Status Active Current Use LMR

Tower Type/System Type Guyed System Government

Tower Leg and Brace Dimensions Leg 0.885” Brace 0.525”

Tower Cross Section/Face Width Cross Section Triangular Face Width 18”

Base/Section Bolt Size/Grade Base 5/8” Section 9/16”

Climbing Ladder/ Stairs Dimensions

Ladder Width N/A Rung to Rung N/A

Rung Type N/A Rung Size N/A

Weather Conditions

Temperature 47.8 °F Humidity 64.9%

Wind Speed 1.0 mph Skies Clear

Site Information Notes Yale key gate.

Site Assessment Deficiency Report

• Green: No issues or minor issues noted due to non-compliance with a current standard.

• Yellow: Non-critical issues identified that should be corrected, when possible, but is not an immediate concern.

• Red: Critical issues identified that may affect personnel safety, cause a system outage, or damage to equipment. These issues require immediate attention or should be condemned. A Do Not Climb sign is installed if the structural integrity of the tower is compromised.

Life-Safety Compliance

PRIORITY LEVEL: 1 DEFICIENCY DESCRIPTION WITH RECOMMENDED CORRECTIVE ACTION (RCA):

-No lightning protection system (including down conductors and air terminals) has been installed on the tower. RCA:

Install an LPS to include an air terminal, down conductors, and tie into an earth electrode system in accordance with NFPA 780 Section 4.

Reference: OSHA Deficiencies (OSHA Standards), Electrical Safety Deficiencies (NEC and NFPA 780) industry best practices), and Hazardous Conditions (issues of concern, life threatening).

Mission Capability

PRIORITY LEVEL: 3 DEFICIENCY DESCRIPTION WITH RECOMMENDED CORRECTIVE ACTION (RCA):

-CSF-1 corrosion has developed on upper guy wire system hardware throughout. RCA: Perform corrosion abatement, recoat the surface, and continue to monitor.

Reference: Probability of system outage due to any reason, system life in current condition, theft/tampering preventive measure adequacy, Grounding & Bonding (NFPA 780), Lightning Protection System (NFPA 780), and Utilities & Power

(NEC).

Environmental

PRIORITY LEVEL: 3 DEFICIENCY DESCRIPTION WITH RECOMMENDED CORRECTIVE ACTION (RCA):

-Minor amounts of vegetation overgrowth have developed around the tower foundation. RCA: Remove existing vegetation and treat the area to prevent future plant growth.

Reference: Wildlife and pest control, weather conditions, flood control, and hazardous waste conditions.

Site Corrective Actions Overview Were corrective actions performed during the inspection?

N/A

CORRECTIVE ACTIONS COMPLETED ON SITE WITH DETAILS LISTED BELOW:

N/A

Reference: Life safety compliance, mission capability, and environmental.

Have corrective actions been completed by a 3rd Party or USFS?

N/A

CORRECTIVE ACTIONS COMPLETED ON SITE WITH DETAILS LISTED BELOW:

N/A

Reference: Life safety compliance, mission capability, and environmental.

Post Site Inspection Engineer Review Are there deficiencies requiring further review by an Engineer?

N/A

ENGINEER NOTES AND RECOMMENDATIONS LISTED BELOW PER THE

INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THE SITE REPORT:

Reference: Life safety compliance, mission capability, and environmental.

Contents

Site Information……………………………………………………………………………………………………..1

Site Assessment Deficiency Report………………………………………………………………………………2

Site Corrective Actions Overview…………………………………………………………………………………3

Post Site Inspection Engineer Review……………………………………………………………………………4

Contents …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4

Asset Master File Link……………………………………………………………………………………………...4

NRM Condition Assessment Link…………………………………………………………………………………4

Overview………………………………………

Section 1: Test Data Collection……………………………………………………………………………………6

Section 2: Overall Tower Condition……………………………………………………………………………….7

Section 3: Foundation, Fencing, and Environmental Condition………………………………………………..8

Section 4: Corrosion, Wood Rot, and Coating Condition……………………………………………………….9

Section 5: Overall Lightning Protection, Bonding, and Grounding Condition……………………………….10

Section 6: Tower, Foundation, and Grounding Condition Pictures…………………………………………..11

Section 7: Shelter Information……………………………………………………………………………………12

Section 8: Lookout Cab Information……………………………………………………………………………..13

Section 9: Primary and Redundant Power Information………………………………………………………..14

Section 10: Access Information………………………………………………………………………………..…15

Section 11: Additional Notes/Continuation Sheet………………………………………………………………16

Section 12: Inspection Guidance …………………………………………………………………………………17

12.1 Tower Reference……………………………………………………………………………………………..17

12.2 Inspection Overview and procedures………………………………………………………………………18

12.3 Timber Condition Guidance…………………………………………………………………………………19

12.4 Concrete Condition Guidance………………………………………………………………………………20

12.5 Steel Condition Guidance……………………………………………………………………………………21

Asset Master File Link: https://usfs.box.com/s/tvdayn44acr6quhxljqq0ksxyqm7cd1j

NRM Condition Assessment Link:

Overview This document provides inspection details for self-supporting and guyed towers. Two basic categories are covered in the tower inspection:

1. Structural Condition

2. Corrosion and Coating

All findings within these applicable categories are checked for standards compliance and used to generate recommendations. If non-compliant issues are found, they are ranked according to their criticality as follows:

Priority 1: Critical issues that may affect personnel safety, cause a system outage, or damage to equipment. These issues require immediate attention.

Priority 2: A non-critical issue that should be corrected, when possible, but is not an immediate concern.

Priority 3: A minor issue or an item that has been noted due to non-compliance with a current standard.

These items may be compliant with previous standards.

Locations of non-compliant items are listed in the data tables. A location reference map is provided in Figure 1 on the next page. A trained tower inspection team performs inspections. Each team member has the following certifications:

• Mobile Crane Operations

• Fundamentals Of Protective Coatings for Industrial Structures

• Fall Protection/High Angle Rope Rescue

• Grounding/Bonding/Shielding/Corrosion/Tower Inspections

• Guyed Tower Inspections

Common Abbreviations

• “RCA” - Recommended Corrective Actions

• “SF” - Severity Factor

• “CSF” - Corrosion Severity Factor

WARNING

• Due to safety limitations only employees/climbers trained in Fall Protection/High Angle Rescue shall be allowed to inspect or work above ground level.

• It is imperative that communications between on-site personnel and inspection team members always remain open.

NOTICE

• Safety guidelines including pre-climb equipment inspection and rescue/rappel planning will be followed at all times.

Rescue Plan Because of differences in tower systems a rescue plan including first man up contingencies for each individual inspection situation shall be discussed, agreed upon, and completely understood by each member of the inspection team at each site before any work above ground starts. (Refer to ‘Radome Rescue Planning and

Procedures’)

Controlled Decent Plan Because of differences in tower systems a rappel plan for each individual inspection situation shall be discussed, agreed upon, and completely understood by each member of the inspection team at each site.

Keeping in mind that a minimum 5000-pound anchor point is mandatory for a safe rappel as outlined in Fall Protection training. (Refer to ‘Radome Rappel Planning and Procedures’)

Section 1: Inspection Data Collection

Concrete PSI Test (Vertical/Horizontal) Dimensions

Slab Vertical 2,000 PSI 30”x30”

Leg B N/A N/A N/A

Leg C N/A N/A N/A

Leg D N/A N/A N/A

Leg AA N/A N/A N/A

Leg BB N/A N/A N/A

Leg CC N/A N/A N/A

Leg DD N/A N/A N/A

Metal Thickness Average (Inches) Coating Thickness Average (Mils)

Leg A 0.879” Member A 0.512“ Leg A 7.20 mils Member A 6.10 mils

Leg B 0.852“ Member B 0.511“ Leg B 8.00 mils Member B 7.00 mils

Leg C 0.897“ Member C 0.529“ Leg C 8.20 mils Member C 7.10 mils

Leg D N/A Member D N/A Leg D N/A Member D N/A

Leg AA N/A Member AA N/A Leg AA N/A Member AA N/A

Leg BB N/A Member BB N/A Leg BB N/A Member BB N/A

Leg CC N/A Member CC N/A Leg CC N/A Member CC N/A

Leg DD N/A Member DD N/A Leg DD N/A Member DD N/A

3 Point Ground Resistance Reading Soil Resistivity Reading

40.5 Ω 44.4 Ω

Bonded Points Ohms Bonded Points Ohms

Structure Bond A 0.40 Ω, 14.3 Ω Down Conductor A N/A

Structure Bond B N/A Down Conductor B N/A

Structure Bond C N/A Down Conductor C N/A

Structure Bond D N/A Down Conductor D N/A

Bonded Points Ohms

Shelter Bonds 0.39 Ω

Bus Bar Bonds N/A

Fence Post Bonds N/A

Fence Corner Bonds N/A

Wireway Bonds N/A

Guy Wire Bonds A 120.0 Ω, B 120.0 Ω, C 37.8 Ω

Other Bonds N/A

Guy Wire System

Inspection

Strand Type

Size Foot Pounds (lbfs.)

(Legs with multiple guys, measurements are entered bottom to top)

Leg A 1-7 1/4”,5/16”,5/16” 700 lbfs., 780 lbfs., 1,140 lbfs

Leg B 1-7 1/4”,5/16”,5/16” 520 lbfs., 900 lbfs., 1080 lbfs.

Leg C 1-7 1/4”,5/16”,5/16” 600 lbfs., 820 lbfs., 1,140lbfs.

Leg D N/A N/A N/A

PLUMB AND TWIST INFORMATION WILL BE IN ATTACHMENT Pass

Test Data Notes

Section 2: Tower Structure, and Safety Conditions

Tower member and hardware (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority N/A

Damaged/Bent Members (Legs & Braces)

Loose Members ☒

Mounted Equipment (Antennas, etc.)

Welded Connections (Cracks, etc.)

Weep Holes (Plugged/Not Plugged)

☐ N/A

Hardware (Loose, Missing, Damaged, Abandon)

Guy Wire System (Visual Inspection, Tensiometer Readings Section 1) Ref. Annex J TIA

222-H

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority

N/A

Strand Condition ☒

Turnbuckles ☒

Cable Connectors ☒

Guy Tensions ☒

Guy Anchors ☒

Ladder, Platforms, and Catwalks (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority N/A

Ladder Climbing Safety System

Bent, Damaged or Missing Members

☐ N/A

Catwalk Flooring (i.e., Grating/Wood Planks)

☐ N/A

Hinged Access ☐ N/A

Fastening Hardware (Nuts, Bolts, Screws, Rivets, etc.)

Transmission Lines (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority -Transmission lines on the tower are improperly supported. RCA: Install industry designed mounting hardware for proper transmission line support.

Coax and/or Waveguide

Condition

Connector Weatherproofing

Transmission Line Supports

☐ 3

Lights and Sensors (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority N/A

Obstruction Light Bulbs and Lenses - Condition

☐ N/A

Obstruction Light Control Box

☐ N/A

Obstruction Light Photocell

☐ N/A

Wiring Condition ☐ N/A

Section 3: Foundation, Fencing, and Environmental Condition Ground Condition

(Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations Yes Priority N/A

Settlement, Movement, or earth cracks

Erosion Around Foundations

Other Ground Concerns (Standing Water, Drainage, etc.)

Concrete Condition (Visual Inspection, Digishmidt Concrete PSI Readings Section 1)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority

N/A

Grout Condition ☒

Cracking, Spalling, Chipping

Low Spots (Collecting Moisture)

Fencing and Security Wire (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority N/A

Gated Access Points ☐ N/A

Fence Posts ☐ N/A

Fencing Material (Chain Link, Wood Pickets, etc.)

☐ N/A

Security Wire (Barbed and Razor Wire)

☐ N/A

Fastening Hardware (Bolts, Screws, etc.)

Environmental Condition (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority -Minor amounts of vegetation overgrowth have developed around the tower foundation. RCA: Remove existing vegetation and treat the area to prevent future plant growth.

Vegetation Overgrowth (Trees, Brush, Vines etc.)

☐ 3

Waste, Biohazards ☒

Infestation (Wasps, Rodents etc.)

Section 4: Corrosion, Wood Rot, and Coating Condition Main Tower and

Facilities Wooden and Steel (Visual Inspection, Elcometer Thickness and Coating Readings from Section 1) Ref TI-222-H

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority

-CSF-1 corrosion has developed on the tower legs and braces in spots throughout. RCA: Perform corrosion abatement, recoat the surface, and continue to monitor.

Legs, Braces, and Other Structural Members

☐ 3

Climbing Facilities Stairways, Ladders and

Safety Systems, Grating/Wood Decking

Electrical Through Ways, Conduits, etc.

☐ N/A

Equipment Mounts ☒

Fencing and Security Wire

☐ N/A

Lightning Protection System (Conductors, Bus Bars, Welds, Bonding Connectors)

Fasteners (Nuts, Bolts, Clamps) (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority -CSF-1 corrosion has developed on upper guy wire system hardware throughout. RCA: Perform corrosion abatement, recoat the surface, and continue to monitor. Legs, Braces, and Other

Structural Members ☐ 3

Climbing Facilities Stairways, Ladders and

Safety Systems, Grating/Wood Decking

Electrical Through Ways, Conduits, etc.

☐ N/A

Equipment Mounts ☒

Fencing and Security Wire

☐ N/A

Lightning Protection System (Bonding, Mounting Hardware)

Section 5: Overall Lightning Protection, Bonding, and Grounding Condition Inspection Points

(Visual Inspection, 3-point Ground Test, Megger, and

Milli-Ohms Meter) Ref

NFPA 780

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority

-No lightning protection system (including down conductors and air terminals) has been installed on the tower. RCA: Install an LPS to include an air terminal, down conductors, and tie into an earth electrode system in accordance with NFPA 780 Section 4.

-No ground well has been installed for earth electrode system test readings. RCA: A ground test well should be installed in accordance with NFPA 780 Annex A.4.13.1.

-Structural bonding is missing from legs B, and C and not properly grounding the tower to an earth electrode system. RCA: Ensure all legs of the tower are properly bonded to an EES in accordance with NFPA 780 Section 4.

-The antenna mounts are not bonded to the earth electrode system and is not within a zone of protection. RCA: Bond the antenna mounts to an EES or establish a zone of protection in accordance with NFPA 780 Section 4.

-The transmission lines are not bonded to the earth electrode system, and instead have been improperly bonded to the tower. RCA: Bond the transmission lines directly to an EES in accordance with NFPA 780 Section 4.

-Earth electrode system 3-point ground resistivity test is above 25 ohms.

RCA: Update the earth electrode system to meet the 25 ohms accepted per NFPA 780 para. A.11.4.5.2.

-Guy wire bonds legs A, B, and C resistivity test is above 25 ohms. RCA:

Improve the bond to the earth electrode system to meet the 25 ohms accepted per NFPA 780 para. A.11.4.5.2.

Lightning Protection System (Rolling Ball, Air Terminal, Halo, and Down Conductor)

☐ 1

EES (Test Well, Conductor Size, and

Ground Rods) ☐ 2

Structure Bonds (Tower and Shelter)

☐ 1

Equipment Bonding (Antennas/Masts, Conduit, J-Boxes, Generator, LP tank, and Solar Array)

☐ 1

Fence Bonding (Fence Posts, Gates and Gate

Posts, and Security Wire)

Guy Wires ☐ 3

Section 6: Tower, Foundation, and Grounding Condition Pictures

Tower Foundation

3-Point Ground Resistivity Test

Improper Transmission Line Bonding

Corroded Guy System Hardware

Corroded Guy System Hardware

Tower Tag

Section 7: Shelter Information Shelter Exterior Picture

Shelter Interior Picture

Shelter Exterior Picture

Shelter Interior Picture

STRUCTURE

NAME

River Forest Radio Pepro STRUCTURE SUPPORTS Communication

HVAC Make Frigidaire

STRUCTURE

TYPE

Prefabricated Steel HVAC Model FAA067P7A6

HVAC Serial KK50959180

MAKE Pepro HVAC BTU 6,000 btu

MODEL N/A EXTERIOR L x W x H 96”x96”x108”

SERIAL 1742 INTERIOR L x W x H 7’8”x7’7”x7’9”

USED FLOOR SPACE (2’x2’ typical rack) 2 NUMBER OF RACKS 2

AVAILABLE FLOOR SPACE (based on a 2’x’2 square and not entering egress areas) 1

Shelter Inspection Points (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority N/A

Exterior (Roof, Walls, Foundation, Doors, Windows)

Interior (Ceiling, Walls, Floor)

Electrical (Lighting, Outlets, Load centers)

Section 8: Lookout Cab Information:

Lookout Cab Exterior Picture

Lookout Cab Interior Picture

Lookout Cab Exterior Picture

Lookout Cab Interior Picture

STRUCTURE

NAME

N/A STRUCTURE SUPPORTS N/A

HVAC Make N/A

STRUCTURE

TYPE:

N/A HVAC Model N/A

HVAC Serial N/A

MAKE N/A HVAC BTU N/A

MODEL N/A EXTERIOR L x W x H N/A

SERIAL N/A INTERIOR L x W x H N/A

USED FLOOR SPACE (2’x2’ typical rack) N/A NUMBER OF RACKS N/A

AVAILABLE FLOOR SPACE (based on a 2’x’2 square and not entering egress areas) N/A

Lookout Cab

(Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority -Note: Tower is not a lookout/fire watch tower.

Exterior (Roof, Walls, Foundation, Doors, Windows) ☐ N/A

Interior (Ceiling, Walls, Floor)

☐ N/A

Electrical (Lighting, Outlets, Load centers)

Section 9: Primary and Redundant Power Information Primary Power Picture

Redundant Power Picture

Primary Power Picture

Redundant Power Picture

Primary Type Commercial Redundant Power Type Battery

Transformer # N/A Fuel Type N/A

Pole or Protector # N/A Transfer Switch Installed N/A

Meter # N/A Fuel Tank Capacity N/A

Power Phase Single Phase Generator Make N/A

Site Disconnect Yes Generator Model N/A

Generator Serial N/A

(Visual Inspection, megger, and milli-ohms meter) Ref: NFPA 780 and

NEC

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority

-Battery terminals are not properly covered and present an arc flash hazard. RCA: Install battery terminal covers.

Meter Base ☐ N/A

Site Disconnect ☒

Grounding ☒

Wiring/Conduit ☒

Battery/s ☐ 3

LP Tank Condition ☐ N/A

LP Lines Condition ☐ N/A

Solar Panels ☐ N/A

Section 10: Access Information Access Road

Narrowest Section

Access Road

Last Turn

Access Road Owner FS Narrowest Width 10’

Access Type All vehicles Switch Backs No

Access Date Range All Year Access Gate Key Lock

Road Surface Type Gravel/Dirt Access Gate Combo N/A

Road Length 400’ Wilderness Zone No

Trailer Access Yes Trail Length N/A

Heavy Equipment Access Yes Trail Head Coordinates N/A

(Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority -Yale key gate.

Road Surface Condition

Above Road Conditions (tree line, fencing, obstructions, etc.)

Access Gate ☒

Trail Condition ☐ N/A

Section 11: Additional Notes/Continuation Sheet

Section 12: Inspection Guidance

11.1 Tower Reference

Locations referred to in the trip report are interpreted as follows:

• Leg/Face “A” will be the first leg/face clockwise from true North, each additional leg/face continuing in the clockwise direction will increase alphabetically.

• Sections will be numbered starting with one at first complete section closest to ground level and increase numerically to the top of the tower.

• Section panels will be numbered starting with one at the lowest point in the section, associated section number, and corresponding face letter.

• Guy wires and guy pull-offs will be numbered starting with one at the lowest point increasing numerically to the top of the tower and corresponding leg letter.

• Guy anchors will be denoted starting closest to the tower as 1 (inside), 2 (middle), 3 (outside) and corresponding leg letter.

Figure 1

11.2 Inspection Overview and procedures

The overall condition of the tower structural members, coax components, climbing facilities, fasteners, and other components are evaluated as outlined in this section. Visual and physical checks are performed to ensure that the tower and subsystems are structurally sound and functional.

Visual inspections are performed and recorded in section 1.2.1 that determine overall appearance, verify that all tower members and subsystem components are in place, and identify damaged, missing, or loose components.

Physical inspections are performed and recorded in section 1.2.2 that determines coating thickness, using an Elcometer 456 Coating Thickness Gauge. All corners of the tower are checked at the ground level and at any location that appears questionable with a three-point check that covers the leg and the braces on either side of it.

ASTM A-123A is referenced for coating thickness requirements.

Concrete foundations and anchoring hardware are visually checked for wear, damage, and proper construction as detailed in section 1.2.4. Concrete hardness tests are performed using a Proceq Digi-Schmidt Digital Concrete Test Hammer. Two hardness measurements are taken per foundation corner – one on the top of the foundation and one on the side.

The tower plumb results are provided in section 1.2.4. The plumb and twist inspection, in accordance with TIA- 222-H Annex J, determines the allowable deviation for tower structures. Allowable deviation depends in large part on the height and tower type. The transit is to be set up on each leg azimuth at the base of the tower. The corresponding tower leg at the base of the tower is used to set the vertical baseline, as shown for both three leg and four leg towers.

11.3 Timber Condition Guidance

Tower structural members, conduit, ladders, stairways, fasteners, and all other components made from Timber must be checked for deterioration and degradation in addition to standard member condition and in lieu of corrosion and proper protective coatings for steel members. The field guidance below is to be used to determine the appropriate compliance level with industry guidance from the American Wood Council, Federal Highway Administration Inspection Manual and American Institute of Timber Construction on material condition though the member may not physically denote large signs of distress, deterioration, and degradation.

The severity of deterioration for timber is reported in terms of degrees: 1st, 2nd or 3rd. These determinations are made visually and are based on the following criteria:

• 1st degree/SF-1 distress, deterioration and degradation is minor as described below Connections – Connection is in place and functioning as intended.

Decay – None Surface Irregularities – None Section Loss – None.

Check/Shake – Surface penetration less than 5% of the member thickness regardless of location.

Cracks – None.

Split/Delamination – None.

Abrasion/Wear – None or no measurable section loss.

Settlement – None.

Erosion/Scour – None Mechanical Damage – None Infestation – None Mold/Discoloration – None

• 2nd degree/SF-2 distress, deterioration and degradation is moderate as described below Connection – Loose fasteners or pack rust without distortion is present but the connection is in place and functioning as intended.

Decay – Localized cracking perpendicular to parallel to the grain giving the surface an appearance like charred wood Surface Irregularities – Localized areas of roughened surfaces, swollen or sunken faces

Section Loss – Material missing that affects less than 10% of the member section.

Check/Shake – Penetrates 5%-50% of the thickness of the member and not in a tension zone.

Cracks – Crack that has been arrested through effective measures.

Split/Delamination – Length less than the member depth Abrasion/Wear –Section loss less than 10% of the member depth.

Settlement – Exists within tolerable limits or arrested with no observed structural distress.

Erosion/Scour – Exists within tolerable limits or has been arrested with effective countermeasures.

Mechanical Damage – Distress caused by fasteners, joints or other locations exposing end grain or create pockets for moisture that has not weakened or warped member Infestation – Bores, pits or pockets created from insects noted on surface but has not weakened member Mold/Discoloration – Observed on surface but has not weakened member

• 3rd degree/SF-3 distress, deterioration and degradation is severe as described below Connection – Missing bolts, rivets, or fasteners; broken welds; or pack rust with distortion Decay – Widespread cracking perpendicular to parallel to the grain giving the surface an appearance like charred wood Surface Irregularities – Widespread areas of roughened surfaces, swollen or sunken faces Section Loss – Material missing that affects 10% or more of the member Check/Shake – Penetrates more than 50% of the thickness of the member or more than 5% of the member thickness in a tension zone Cracks – Identified crack that is not arrested Split/Delamination – Length equal to or greater than the member depth Abrasion/Wear –Section loss 10% or more of the member thickness Settlement – Exceeds tolerable limits Erosion/Scour – Exceeds tolerable limits but is less than the critical limits Mechanical Damage - Distress caused by fasteners, joints or other locations exposing end grain or create pockets for moisture that has weakened or warped member Infestation – Bores, pits or pockets created from insects noted on surface and has weakened member Mold/Discoloration – Observed on surface and has weakened member

The importance of a distress, deterioration and degradation issue will be reported according to Priority 1, 2, or 3 (the same ranking system used in Sections 1 and 2):

11.4 Concrete Condition Guidance

Tower structural members, conduit, ladders, stairways, fasteners, and all other components made from Concrete must be checked for deterioration and degradation in addition to standard member condition and in lieu of corrosion and proper protective coatings for steel members. The field guidance below is to be used to determine the appropriate compliance level with industry guidance from the American Concrete Institute and Federal Highway Administration Inspection Manual on material condition though the member may not physically denote large signs of distress, deterioration and degradation.

The severity of deterioration for timber is reported in terms of degrees: 1st, 2nd or 3rd. These determinations are

• 1st degree/SF-1 distress, deterioration and degradation is minor as described below Delamination/Spall/Patched Area – None Exposed Rebar - None Surface Irregularities – None Efflorescence/Rust Staining/Discoloration/Sweating – None Cracking – Sealed crack width less than 0.012 in. or spacing greater than 3.0 ft.

Abrasion/Wear – No abrasion or wearing Erosion/Scour – None

• 2nd degree/SF-2 distress, deterioration and degradation is moderate as described below Delamination/Spall/Patched Area – Delaminated. Spall 1 in. or less deep or 6 in. or less in diameter.

Exposed Rebar – Present without section loss Surface Irregularities – Localized areas of divots, pits, honeycombing or damaged faces.

Efflorescence/Rust Staining/Discoloration/Sweating – Surface white without build-up or leaching Without rust staining.

Cracking - Width 0.012-0.05 in. or spacing of 1.0 - 3.0 ft.

Abrasion/Wear – Abrasion or wearing has exposed coarse aggregate but the aggregate remains secure Erosion/Scour – Exists within tolerable limits or has been arrested with effective countermeasures.

Mechanical Damage – Distress caused by fasteners, joints or other locations exposing end grain or create pockets for moisture that has not weakened or warped member Infestation – Bores, pits or pockets created from insects noted on surface but has not weakened member Mold/Discoloration – Observed on surface but has not weakened member

• 3rd degree/SF-3 distress, deterioration and degradation are severe as described below Delamination/Spall/Patched Area – Spall greater than 1 in. deep or greater than 6 in. diameter.

Exposed Rebar – Present with measurable section loss (less than 15%) Surface Irregularities – Widespread areas of divots, pits, honeycombing or damaged faces.

Efflorescence/Rust Staining/Discoloration/Sweating (1120) – Heavy build-up with rust staining.

Cracking - Width greater than 0.05 in. or spacing of less than 1 ft.

Abrasion/Wear – Coarse aggregate is loose or has popped out of the concrete matrix Erosion/Scour – Exceeds tolerable limits but is less than the critical limits Mechanical Damage - Distress caused by fasteners, joints or other locations exposing end grain or create pockets for moisture that has weakened or warped member Infestation – Bores, pits or pockets created from insects noted on surface and has weakened member Mold/Discoloration – Observed on surface and has weakened member

The importance of a distress, deterioration and degradation issue will be reported according to Priority 1, 2, or 3

11.5 Metal Condition Guidance

Tower structural members, conduit, ladders, stairways, fasteners, and all other components made from metal must be checked for deterioration and degradation in addition to standard member condition and in lieu of corrosion and proper protective coatings for metal members. The field guidance below is to be used to determine the appropriate compliance level with industry guidance from ANSI/TIA 222-G on material condition though the member may not physically denote large signs of distress, deterioration, and degradation.

The severity of deterioration for metal is reported in terms of degrees: 1st, 2nd or 3rd. These determinations are

• 1st degree/CSF-1 distress, deterioration and degradation are minor as described below Corrosion – None Cracking – None Connection – Connection is in place and functioning as intended.

Distortion - None Settlement - None Erosion/Scour – None

• 2nd degree/CSF-2 distress, deterioration and degradation are moderate as described below Corrosion - Freckled Rust. Corrosion of the metal has initiated.

Cracking – Crack has self-arrested or has been arrested with effective arrest holes, doubling plates or similar.

Connections – Loose fasteners or pack rust without distortion is present but the connection is in place and functioning as intended.

Distortion – Distortion not requiring mitigation or mitigated distortion.

Settlement – Exists within tolerable limits or arrested with no observed structural distress.

Erosion/Scour – Exists within tolerable limits or has been arrested with effective countermeasures.

• 3rd degree/CSF-3 distress, deterioration and degradation are severe as described below Corrosion - Section loss is evident, or pack rust is present Cracking – Identified crack that is not arrested Connections – Missing bolts, rivets or fasteners; broken welds; or pack rust with distortion Distortion – Distortion that requires mitigation that has not been addressed Settlement – Exceeds tolerable limits.

Erosion/Scour – Exceeds tolerable limits but is less than the critical limits

The importance of a distress, deterioration and degradation issue will be reported according to Priority 1, 2, or 3