2020 TAFB Mechanical Standard.pdf

BASE MECHANICAL STANDARD 2020 EDITION

Tinker Air Force Base Facility Standard - Attachment C Page 1 of 29

Tinker Air Force Base Facility Standard - Attachment C

BASE MECHANICAL STANDARD

Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma

ISSUED: AUG-2020

NOTICE

In addition to the TAFB Facility Standard, compliance with applicable United Facilities Criteria (UFC), Air Force Instruction (AFI) and other requirement in effect upon Contract Solicitation and/or Award, whichever applies, is required. The contractor shall be responsible to review all publications referenced herein to determine applicability to specific project requirements.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Title Page

I Energy Conservation Requirements ……………………………………………………. 3 II Fire Protection Engineering ……………………………………………………………. … 7 III Mechanical Engineering: Plumbing Systems ………………………………………….. 9 IV Mechanical Engineering: HVAC/R Systems ………………………………………….. 15 V Appendix ………………………………………………………………………………….. 25

APPROVING OFFICIAL:

Stephanie Wilson Base Civil Engineer Civil Engineer Directorate, 72 ABW

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I. Energy Conservation Requirements A. Facilities shall include those energy conservation design features which can be economically justified or are otherwise required by UFC in conjunction with this TAFB Facility Standard. Principal considerations are building envelope and mechanical systems design and operation to minimize the use of fossil fuels.

1. Additional guidance may be found in prevailing Executive Orders in effect.

B. Minimum Efficiency Requirements

1. Minimum Energy Efficiency Requirements of buildings are established by the American National

Standards Institute (ANSI), the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating & Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) and the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) and published in two separate standards. These standards are incorporated by reference into UFC 3-410-01 Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Systems.

2. ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 - Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings (latest edition) establishes minimum efficiency and performance requirements for the following:

a) Building Envelope

b) Heating, Ventilating, Air-Conditioning, Refrigeration (HVAC/R)

c) Service Water Heating (Boilers, Water Heaters)

d) Power

e) Lighting

f) Other Equipment (Electric Motors, Service Water Pressure Booster Systems, Elevators, Escalators and Moving Walks) Note: ASNI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 applies to new and existing building facilities at TAFB

(except low-rise residential buildings).

3. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.2 - Energy Efficient Design of Low-Rise Residential Buildings (latest edition) establishes design requirements for single-family houses, multi-family structures of three stories or fewer above grade, and manufactured houses (modular and mobile).

C. Energy Metering

1. Energy usage metering shall be provided for all projects in accordance with UFC 3-401-01

Mechanical Engineering, ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 - Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings, and the most recent Energy Policy Act.

2. Reference the most current version of the “Air Force Meter Data Management Plan” maintained by AFCEC. This can be found at the following link:

https://cs2.eis.af.mil/sites/10159/SitePages/Service%20Page.aspx?Service=Air%20Force%20Faci lity%20Metering%20Program

3. All meters shall meet the minimum requirement of the AF's Advanced Meter Reading System

(AMRS).

4. AMRS and Utility Metering Requirements include but are not limited to:

a) New Gas and Water meters and replacement of existing analog Gas and Water meters shall, as a minimum, be equipped with pulse output which can be connected to an external pulse accumulator/counter. Pulse accumulators may be supplied by others. Pulse accumulators and digital “smart” Gas and Water meters must, as a minimum, communicate using Modbus TCP protocol with the AMRS system at Tinker AFB. Daily totalized consumption is required for a minimum of 90 days.

b) Electric Meters; a) 15-minute interval data with 30 days memory, b) local, scrolling LED or LCD display, c) hand-held data reader support (Bluetooth wireless or Optical Port), d) https://cs2.eis.af.mil/sites/10159/SitePages/Service%20Page.aspx?Service=Air%20Force%20Facility%20Metering%20Program https://cs2.eis.af.mil/sites/10159/SitePages/Service%20Page.aspx?Service=Air%20Force%20Facility%20Metering%20Program

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Minimum data recorded to include; kWh, kW demand, kVARh, kVAR demand, power factor,

e) Communicate using Modbus TCP protocol with the AMRS system at Tinker AFB.

D. Energy Management Considerations

1. Other items for consideration for energy conservation are economy cooling cycle, variable volume systems, and night and weekend system shutdown. Controls for night and weekend setup/setback of space temperature shall be provided for all areas.

2. Air-Conditioning of Occupied Spaces. Occupancies where air conditioning is permitted shall be per

UFC 3-410-01.

E. Computer Analysis

1. For all major Military Construction (MILCON) projects, computer dynamic analysis techniques shall be utilized to effectively evaluate all design parameters associated with energy conservation design.

2. In addition to the calculations and analysis requirements indicated in UFC 3-401-01, provide calculations listed in UFC 3-410-01 Chapter 5, part 5-1.2, including an Energy Compliance Analysis (ECA), “U” Factor calculations, HVAC Load Calculations, Outside Air Requirements/ Calculations, Building Air Balance Calculations, Duct Pressure Drop Calculations, Hydronic System Pressure Drop Calculations, Pipe Expansion Calculations, and Equipment Sizing Calculations.

F. Life Cycle Cost Analysis

1. Design features shall be evaluated via life-cycle cost analysis. The various alternatives and their costs evaluated during design shall be documented by the designer and included in submittals.

2. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has prepared the Life Cycle Costing

Manual for the Federal Energy Management Program (NIST Handbook 135), and annually issues real growth energy price indices and discount factors for life cycle cost analysis. As a companion product, NIST has also established the Building Life Cycle Cost (BLCC) computer program to perform LCC analyses. The latest versions of the BLCC program not only structure the analysis but also include current energy price indices and discount factor references. These NIST materials define all required LCC methodologies used in GSA design applications. The A/E may obtain the BLCC software and updates from NIST. The project team must integrate the LCC analysis into the concept design process, and the analysis must be completed by the design development phase.

Facilities Standard for the Public Buildings Service P100 - Chapter 1.7 - Life-Cycle Costing by

GSA.

G. Design and Construction of Energy Monitoring Control Systems (EMCS)

1. An energy monitoring control system shall be provided for all projects in accordance with UFC 3-

401-01 Mechanical Engineering, ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 - Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings, and the most recent Energy Policy Act.

2. All stages of EMCS designs shall be coordinated with the Energy Management Program monitor in the Utility Engineering section (72 ABW / CECO) and HQ AFMC. All installed control systems shall be connected to the existing base wide Civil Engineering Community Of Interest Network Enclave (CE COINE). The control system contractor shall contact the base Information Technology (IT) contractor for pricing and include this pricing in their estimate and scope to include the installation of the Ethernet drops and corresponding network IP addresses in the quantity and location detailed and required by the controls contractor. The control systems shall be integrated into the base wide Energy Management and Control Systems (EMCS’s) that are approved for Authority to Operate (ATO). These system vendors are Automated Building Systems, Inc., Honeywell and Paragon Robotics. Contractor shall contact and coordinate connections with the CE Information System Security Manager (ISSM), the CE Energy Management office and CE Operations.

http://www.wbdg.org/ccb/browse_doc.php?d=9635

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3. Control Protocol. ASHRAE's BACnet® protocol is the required system for Tinker AFB facility monitoring and control systems. Facility HVAC control systems based on the BACnet® protocol must be designed and constructed in accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 135, UFGS 23 09 00, UFGS 23 09 23.02 and UFGS 23 09 13. For additional information refer to specific UFCs such as UFC 3-401-01 Mechanical Engineering and UFC 3-410-01 Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning Systems.

4. Civil Engineer-owned, operated, or maintained control systems shall follow policy directives published in Air Force Guidance Memorandum AFGM 2018-32-01 Civil Engineer Control Systems Cybersecurity (or latest edition), and AF CE CS Cybersecurity Plan v 2.0 submitted 17- Sep-18. In addition, follow guidance published in UFC 4-010-06 Cybersecurity of Facility-Related Control Systems. Additional guidance is found in the Appendix section of this Standard, US DoD publication FACILITY-RELATED CONTROL SYSTEMS CYBERSECURITY GUIDELINE.

5. System Design Requirements

Mechanical and electrical systems in facilities shall be provided with the necessary sensors, controls, and hardware points to implement the EMCS application programs per UFC 3-410-01 Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning Systems (latest edition), following the guidance for ASHRAE BACnet® monitoring and control of the systems.

a. The new and replacement network controllers shall be selected to be fully functional and seamlessly compatible with the equipment controllers such that the base operations control technicians utilize their systems training and system support tools to maintain, configure and program both the network controllers and the equipment controllers at the same time.

b. Control system designers shall submit the proposed schedule of points to be monitored and/or controlled in the I/O summary table format as outlined UFC 3-410-01 Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning Systems (latest edition). For additional requirements, consult other sections within the TAFB Facility Standards (such as the requirement for vibration isolation sensing and monitoring controls listed in Section IV herein).

c. Site-specific schematics shall be provided showing all sensors, controls, and hardware points.

d. Pneumatic HVAC controls are no longer allowed at Tinker AFB. All projects modifying, replacing, or installing HVAC controls shall utilize DDC.

e. The new installation/replacement shall be coordinated in a way that does not interfere with existing performance contract(s) (ESPC/UESC) in place, where the majority of the specified areas are dictated by such contracts. In a building where the existing performance contract covers only a part of the area or systems, any controller may be selected as long as such installation does not interfere with the existing performance contract. Such controller shall be fully compatible with the existing EMCS’s that are approved for ATO and serviceable by the base operations control technicians or local service crews.

6. Installation Requirements

a. All abandoned-in-place temperature controls shall be demolished as part of the construction, renovation, repair or other improvement project.

b. Where DDC controls are installed, the controls shall be fully compatible with the existing control system and the base wide EMCS system. Comply with specific code provisions regarding network controls, such as UFC 3-410-01, Chapter 4, Section 309, para. 309.3.

c. ALL wiring from sensors, controls, and hardware points shall be in conduit. Conduit shall meet requirements outlined in the Base Electrical Standard. Wiring shall be terminated at a Data Termination Cabinet (DTC) located in mechanical rooms. The conduit shall enter the side and bottom of the panel only.

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d. Install conduits entering panels from side and bottom of panel to prevent water from entering the panels and destroying the electronics.

e. Provide adequate clear space around EMCS Data Gathering Panel (DGP) location of future FID and MUX and accessibility of maintenance personnel.

H. Solar Heating System Requirements

1. Any facility undergoing major renovation must be evaluated per life cycle costing to determine if

30% or more of required domestic hot water can be supplied by a cost effective solar heating system.

– End of Section –

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II. Fire Protection Engineering

A. Safety Deficiencies in Existing Facilities

1. Existing facilities requiring correction of any fire safety deficiency shall comply with Air Force

Instruction 32-10141 – PLANNING AND PROGRAMMING FIRE SAFETY DEFICIENCY

CORRECTION PROJECTS.

B. System Design for Existing and New Facilities

1. All fire protection system designs shall be accomplished by a qualified Fire Protection Engineer.

All fire protection systems shall be designed in accordance with the following:

• UFC 3-600-01 Design: Fire Protection Engineering for Facilities,

• UFC 3-601-02 Operations and Maintenance: Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of

Fire Protection Systems,

• UFC 4-010-06 Cybersecurity of Facility-Related Control Systems,

• NFPA 13,

• Life Safety Fire Protection System Analysis (project specific, to be provided by the

Engineer of Record).

2. Fire Protection designs shall reference the new Air Force Corporate Facilities Standards at the following web hyperlink:

http://www.wbdg.org/ffc/af-afcec/corporate-facilities-standards-afcfs

3. Fire Protection designs shall incorporate cybersecurity requirements. Consult the Base Information System Security Manager (ISSM) regarding “Authority to Operate” (ATO) requirements for fire protection control communications systems.

C. Design Submittal

1. The designer shall provide a preliminary fire sprinkler design, including hydraulic calculations IAW

UFC 3-600-01 requirements.

D. Piping System Design and Installation

1. Piping material for dedicated fire suppression systems shall be ductile iron or steel only and meet or exceed the material standards and requirements listed in NFPA 24 as amended by UFC 3-600-01.

Minimum wall thickness for all sprinkler piping shall be schedule 40 steel.

2. COLOR IDENTIFICATION. In the absence of project-specific contract specifications, all fire suppression/sprinkler piping constructed of ferrous metal (non-galvanized) shall be painted red.

New coatings shall be compatible with existing coatings. This requirement applies to all piping, whether concealed or exposed. Use of the following or equivalent paint system is required:

a. Sherwin Williams Pro-Cryl Universal Acrylic Primer (One Coat)

b. Sherwin Williams ProMar 200 Zero VOC Interior Latex (Two Coats if exposed)

3. LABELING. Piping shall be labeled IAW UFC 3-600-01 requirements. Painted labels shall be applied after piping has been painted and fully cured.

E. Firewalls and Fire Area Limitations

1. All construction, including fire walls, fire area limitations, emergency lighting systems, means of egress, and exit stairways, shall meet the more stringent requirement of both the NFPA 101 and the International Building Code.

2. All wall penetrations through existing firewalls shall be fire caulked and sealed.

3. All duct penetrations through fire walls on both new and repair projects shall have operational and code compliant dampers and seals as required by current code.

http://www.wbdg.org/ffc/af-afcec/corporate-facilities-standards-afcfs

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4. Identification (by painting) of Fire Rated Walls, Fire Pumps, Hydrants, Automatic Sprinkler Systems, Fire Alarm conduit, junction boxes and covers shall be provided and performed for all projects IAW UFC 3-600-01, Fire Protection Engineering for Facilities.

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III. Mechanical Engineering: Plumbing Systems

A. Plumbing Systems – General

1. Plumbing systems at Tinker AFB generally include the following facility systems:

• Domestic water supply piping, booster pumps and related systems

• Waste water piping and related components

• Natural Gas piping and related components

• Compressed air piping and related components (i.e. air-compressors)

• Lavatory, toilet and related plumbing fixtures

• Water heaters and boilers for domestic water heating

• Storm drainage systems within and to 5 feet outside buildings

• Water for landscaping

• Water softening and treatment (small) systems for buildings

• Corrosion control (cathodic) protection systems

2. Design and construction of plumbing systems shall be in accordance with the International Plumbing Code and the following, as applicable:

• UFC 3-420-01 Plumbing Systems

• UFC 3-420-02FA Compressed Air

• UFC 3-230-01 Water Storage, Distribution and Transmission

• UFC 3-430-09 Exterior Mechanical Utility Distribution

• Air Force Instruction AFI 32-1066 Backflow Prevention Program

• NFPA

B. Facility Domestic Water Supply

1. Base domestic water supply systems shall be from potable water lines. All water used for process purposes (heating, air conditioning) shall be isolated from domestic supply systems, or ‘drinking water’, by means of reduced-pressure backflow prevention devices.

2. Tie-ins to existing water lines shall be analyzed to document as part of the project design analysis that existing demands shall not be adversely affected by new demands.

3. Incorporate handicapped accessible design for all toilet areas, shower areas, and drinking fountains.

4. Provide access to piping, valves, and instrumentation for maintenance personnel. Access to through-wall piping shall be provided by means of wall access panels or, where space is available, from a walk-in plumbing chase. Where carriers are utilized to support fixtures, a walk-in plumbing chase is preferred.

5. Domestic hot and cold potable water piping shall be of Type L seamless copper tubing with dielectric insulators at point of contact with dissimilar metallic piping. Provide insulation for all domestic and comfort cooling supply and return lines.

6. Specify Type K copper pipe for underground domestic hot water supply applications and Type L copper pipe for above ground hot water applications.

7. Do not use dissimilar metals in contact with each other on piping in a common electrolyte such as water or soil.

8. Provide stop-valves at all plumbing fixtures.

9. Provide water hammer arrestors as required by code and for any location where quick-acting valves are installed. Utilize devices that comply with relevant standards such as ASSE 1010.

10. Design piping with the following velocity limitations to minimize erosion:

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11. No asbestos-containing materials of any kind shall be used in construction.

12. Water meters shall be installed on all facilities. See TAFB Facility Standard Section 6: Utilities for full metering requirements.

13. For engineering design and system sizing determinations, it shall be anticipated by project designers that the highest demand for water shall be during normal duty hours.

C. Cross-Connection and Backflow Prevention

1. Cross-connection and backflow prevention policies of AFI 32-1066 Backflow Prevention Program shall be followed to protect the potable water system and facility occupants.

2. The proper backflow prevention device shall be specified as required in AFI 32-1066 for the hazard involved.

3. Backflow prevention devices shall be located and installed to ensure they shall function, not freeze, and are readily accessible for testing, service and repair.

D. Wastewater Systems Design

1. Comply with Air Force Instruction AFI 32-1066 Backflow Prevention Program, latest edition.

2. Where specific project requirements are determined more stringent by 72 ABW/CE, use the manual of practice Gravity Sanitary Sewer Design and Construction, as jointly published by the Water Environment Federation and the American Society of Civil Engineers as the MOP FD-5.

Pipe Dimension

Maximum Velocity inches mm m/s ft/s

3.5

1.1

3.6

1.15

3.8

1.25

1.5

4.7

1.75

5.5

6.5

2.65

8.5

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3. All projects on TAFB which include earthwork shall comply with Engineering Technical Letter ETL 03-1: Storm Water Construction Standards.

4. General Requirements

a) Provide sanitary drain systems from lavatories, toilet areas, break areas, and non-industrial waste floor drains to sanitary lines. Piping shall be installed to provide a slope of ¼ inch per foot for a pipe diameter of 2 inches and below and 1/8 inch per foot for piping 2-1/2 inches and larger.

b) All Restrooms projects involving under-floor plumbing work shall locate new floor drains under the partitions in the new or final floor layout.

c) All projects involving a janitor closet and under-floor piping shall place a floor drain in the center of the janitor room with grading to ensure removal of all water from floor.

d) Trap primers are required on all floor drains. Trap primers are preferred to be installed in the wall with access panels and with hammer arresters.

e) Wall cleanouts shall be incorporated at appropriate points within plumbing system designs to serve all water closets, urinals, and lavatories. Wall cleanouts shall be located 26” A.F.F. Floor cleanouts are not acceptable in restrooms.

f) Where piping is to be installed in exterior walls, the designer must show that the exterior wall design will prevent water or waste piping from experiencing freezing conditions.

g) Do not provide water or waste piping in attic spaces where there is danger of freezing.

h) The installation of an electric waste disposer/food waste grinder is prohibited except as provided in UFC 3-420-01 Plumbing Systems.

5. Additional Requirements

a) Pre-Construction & Post-Construction Scoping. Prior to beginning construction, a contractor performing a renovation, repair or replacement project that involves sanitary waste lines shall snake existing sanitary pipes 100 feet to identify and clear any blockages in existing lines. Upon construction completion, following all clean-up activities, the contractor shall scope both new and existing sanitary pipe to clear any obstructions. Snake pipes that are smaller than 6”. Provide video footage for sanitary pipes 6” and larger in diameter. Video footage shall be obtained pre-construction and again post-construction. Submit video evidence prior to new pipe being installed. Following construction, submit post-construction video evidence of all new and existing pipes. The Contractor shall perform the above work in the presence of the Construction Inspector. The above is a minimum standard requirement. Project specific requirements may differ and/or increase the line length.

E. Corrosion Prevention and Control

AFI 32-1054 Corrosion Control https://www.wbdg.org/ffc/af-afcec/instructions-afi/afi-32-1054 Cathodic protection for buried metallic structures shall be designed IAW UFC 3-570-02A Cathodic Protection, UFC 3-570-02N Electrical Engineering Cathodic Protection, and UFC 3-570-06 O&M Cathodic Protection System.

1. Protective coatings: Coating specifications for above and below ground high value metallic structures shall be prepared IAW the guide specifications as shown in UFC 3-190-06 Paints & Protective Coatings.

2. Underground piping systems shall conform to either FS-L-C-530, Type II except tape and primer https://www.wbdg.org/ffc/af-afcec/instructions-afi/afi-32-1054

Tinker Air Force Base Facility Standard - Attachment C Page 12 of 29 conform to AWWAC203, for epoxy or for continuously extruded polyethylene, FS-L-C-530, Type I.

3. On all metallic structures where the surface is blasted to white or near white finish, no blasted surface shall be left unprimed beyond the normal workday.

4. Coatings specified for underground or submerged use shall be those specifically designed for those types of environmental conditions.

5. Under no circumstances shall thin plastic film tapes, such as electrical tape, be used to coat underground structures or wiring.

6. Reference NACE Standard RP-01-69 for coating information.

F. Cathodic Protection

1. General soil conditions at Tinker AFB are very conducive to corrosion of underground metal structures.

a) The soil varies from sandy silt to sandy clay with areas of stratification of the various types.

b) Soil resistivity varies from a high of 26,100 ohm-cm to a low of 529 ohm-cm. There is no soil resistivity data available at the base.

2. Designer shall take readings at the locations of structures and paths of utilities having cathodic protection.

3. Design analysis shall contain a map showing the sites of such readings, type of instrument used and a table containing location designation and soil resistivity.

4. Cathodic protection design shall be a complete design and not a performance specification.

5. The cathodic protection system to be installed shall be designed by an engineer who has been accredited as a "Corrosion Specialist" by the National Association of Corrosion Engineers, which verifies that engineer has had experience in cathodic protection design, installation and testing as per UFC 3-570-02A Cathodic Protection and UFC 3-570-06 O&M Cathodic Protection Systems.

6. Guidance for the installation and/or use of corrosion mitigation equipment and procedures is provided by UFC 3-570-02A Cathodic Protection and UFC 3-570-06 O&M Cathodic Protection Systems.

7. All metals installed underground or in contact with the ground at Tinker AFB shall have cathodic protection for control of corrosion.

G. Water Treatment

1. Water treatment shall be provided for all transfer media in all heat transfer equipment.

2. Heat transfer equipment shall be taken to include cooling towers, chilled/hot water systems, and boilers.

3. Treatment shall contain no chromates and no heavy metals.

4. Water treatment design analysis shall contain base water analysis and step-by-step procedures used to arrive at suggested treatment.

5. This analysis shall include which constitute of water is the limiting parameter.

6. All new equipment, water treatment systems and methods installed shall be in compliance with support the descriptions, recommendations, and guidelines of UFC 3-240-13FN Industrial Water Treatment Operation and Maintenance.

7. Air Force Non-Chemical/Nontraditional Water Treatment Devices Policy: Most non-chemical water treatment devices or equipment are not currently authorized for use on military installations, as stated in paragraph 1-1.5. The Air Force will allow their use only under an Energy Saving Performance Contract (ESPC) in which the contractor assumes all performance-based risk. The performance standards for system component protection must meet or exceed those that are

Tinker Air Force Base Facility Standard - Attachment C Page 13 of 29 achievable with chemical treatment. (See UFC 3-240-13FN Chapter 8 for details).

H. Water Softeners/Water Treatment Equipment:

1. Water softeners are required on all open loop makeup systems including but not limited to steam boilers, humidifiers, and commercial domestic hot water systems (kitchens).

2. Softeners shall be properly sized to allow soft water to be introduced into systems at all times, including emergency shutdown.

3. Provide adequate water/conditioned water for all boiler systems.

4. Side stream pot feeders and annual chemical treatment shall be provided on all "closed loop" systems including but not limited to heating water loops, chilled water loops, and fluid cooler applications.

I. Existing Energy Source

1. Natural gas is available for facility heating if steam is not available.

2. Natural gas pressure varies from 30 to 40 psig, seasonally.

3. Gas is on an uninterruptible contract.

4. Steam is no longer supplied from centralized locations on Tinker AFB (i.e. boiler plants). Most facilities previously served by a central boiler plant have been converted to heating water. A facility having a stand-alone steam boiler (except process boilers), will need to be evaluated for conversion to other mediums. Designers/contractors shall consult with Base Civil Engineering in order to confirm requirements for specific heating equipment.

J. Natural Gas Systems

1. Exterior Distribution Piping (Mains): Refer to TAFB Facility Standard, part 6.9 Natural Gas Delivery Systems.

2. Building Service:

a) Install sufficient isolation valves to repair units without shutting off entire system

b) Replace natural gas regulators over 15 years old.

c) Distribution regulators: All distribution regulator sets shall be installed with:

• Regulators that do not fail in the valve "open" position (e.g., do not use pilot loaded regulators since they fail to "open").

• Valved, regulated bypasses to permit equipment repair or replacement.

• Regulators that have valve stem indicators.

• Sets that use one regulator for control of flow and a second regulator to monitor the flow.

K. Welding

1. All welding shall be performed by a welder certified IAW ANSI B31.1 or API 1104 codes. Welds shall be made and inspected IAW ANSI B31.8 requirements.

L. Plumbing Piping

1. Piping installed on new systems shall be corrosion resistant. Otherwise a cathodic protection system shall be provided. Provide necessary shutoff valves and identification.

2. Pipe Painting: All exposed plumbing piping shall be primed with paint suitable for metal surfaces and finish painted with color to match background. This requirement applies to repair and renovation projects as well as new construction or additions to existing building plumbing systems.

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3. Pipe Labeling: All supply and return lines shall as a minimum be identified with markings denoting both flow direction and fluid transported.

M. Piping Thermal Insulation

1. Insulation of plumbing piping located outdoors. Where piping that serves domestic hot water, domestic cold water or similar fluid is installed outdoors or otherwise exposed to the elements, insulation shall exceed by 30% the requirements of ASHRAE 90.1, the International Mechanical Code, or the standard UFGS specification whichever is greater. This shall apply to all new construction, renovation, repair or replacement projects.

2. Insulation of plumbing piping located within a conditioned environment. Where piping is installed indoors or otherwise within a conditioned environment, thermal insulation shall meet requirements of ASHRAE 90.1, International Mechanical Code, or the standard UFGS specification, whichever is more stringent. This shall apply to all new construction, renovation, repair or replacement projects.

N. Compressed Air Systems

1. Compressed air, if required, shall be provided by base compressed air distribution system where available.

2. Where Base system is unavailable to the project site, provide stand-alone compressors and locate in facility mechanical room.

3. Provide necessary maintenance access for controls, refrigerated air dryers, and condensate handling equipment.

4. Ventilate mechanical rooms to prevent overheating of components and to maintain acceptable indoor air quality. Ventilation system designs shall comply with ASHRAE Standard 62.1 – Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality, latest edition.

5. Install inlet air filtration with instrumentation.

6. Install vibration isolation pads (neoprene component material is preferred), including flexible connections between the compressor and its associated piping, to prevent vibration damage to compressors.

7. Noise suppression shall be provided to keep compressor noise within Occupational Safety and Health (OSHA) limitations.

8. Oil free compressors shall be required for breathing air applications.

O. Equipment & Fixtures

1. Electric Water Coolers/Drinking Fountains. Design electric water coolers (drinking fountains) to be dual use water coolers and bottle filling stations. Units shall be filter-less type. Provide accessible models where required.

2. Standard Restroom Fixture - Basis of Design.

a) Faucet, hand washing. Sloan EAF-275 sensor activated, or equal.

b) Service Faucet. T&S Brass & Bronze Works, Inc. model B-0665-BSTP wall mounted, or equal.

c) Flush Valve (new/replacement). Sloan or equal, AC powered sensor-activated, single-flush or manual flush valve.

d) Flush Valve (retrofit conversion). Sloan or equal AC-powered sensor activated, single-flush retrofit conversion kit for exposed closet or urinal applications.

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IV. Mechanical Engineering: HVAC/R Systems

A. General

1. Proper design of mechanical systems is required for the health and life safety of building occupants, operations and maintenance personnel and the general public.

2. Mechanical systems shall be designed, constructed, operated and maintained according to UFC requirements, Air Force Instructions, TAFB Instructions and other requirements. In the absence of specific criteria, follow recommendations from ASHRAE and/or the equipment manufacturer.

3. Mechanical systems, including all heating, ventilating, air-conditioning and refrigeration systems shall be designed and constructed, operated and maintained to meet applicable code requirements and Tinker AFB Standards.

4. All HVAC systems shall be tested and balanced following installation or replacement. Testing and balancing shall be performed in accordance with UFC requirements.

5. All mechanical equipment schedules shall incorporate the use of existing unit identification numbering (UID) for all real property equipment.

B. Submittal Requirements for All Mechanical Projects

The information herein applies to all construction and/or repair projects regardless of delivery method. Refer to contract documents for additional information on submittal requirements. In the absence of specific contract requirements, the following minimum requirements shall apply:

1. Design submittals shall be provided at one or more levels; schematic, preliminary, design development and final design phases (i.e. 15%, 35%, 65%, etc.) as per contract documents.

a) Schematic phase: Preliminary design analysis to include manufacturer cut-sheets, sketches, preliminary load calculations.

b) Design development phase: Preliminary design analysis, preliminary load calculations, mechanical equipment plan layout and air distribution design, preliminary hydraulic calculations, plumbing design, equipment selections, outline specifications, etc.

c) Construction document phase: Final design analysis, final mechanical equipment plans, final air distribution design, final plumbing design, equipment selections, schedules, specifications, etc.

2. Shop drawing submittals shall consist of the following:

a) Installing contractor or sub-contractor provided drawings to illustrate the dimensional requirements (including spatial constraints, maintenance requirements, etc.) for all systems, materials and equipment to be assembled or constructed in-place. Examples include isometric drawings for all plumbing and instrumentation (P&I), air distribution systems, buried piping, utility vaults, etc.

b) Manufacturer’s published data for all pre-manufactured items to be installed and/or otherwise provided on Tinker AFB. Data shall include, but not be limited to all of the following as applicable: certified performance data, capacities, dimensions, ratings, code approvals, the approval seal and/or published rating information for all listing agency standards, manufacturer’s special requirements, general installation requirements, access requirements, electrical characteristics (voltage, frequency, phase, amperage, capacitance, resistance, inductance ratings, etc.).

3. Combine all related materials into one submittal, i.e. all plumbing fixtures, all air distribution devices, all related mechanical assemblies, etc. to be submitted using one form AF3000, with each item listed separately.

4. The following required deliverables shall be provided in electronic (PDF) format and hard copy:

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a) Installation manuals

b) Operation & maintenance (O&M) manuals, including spare parts list

c) Wiring diagrams, including project specific wiring diagrams, control diagrams, etc.

d) Start-up test and check reports, Test and balance (TAB) reports, etc.

e) Commissioning plans, reports and manuals

5. As-built drawings shall be provided in both hard copy and electronic form. Electronic documents shall be in both AutoCAD and PDF formats.

6. Additional requirements are published in Tinker AFB Standard Specification Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES. Specific drawing documentation details may be found in various code documents such as UFC-3-401-01 Mechanical Engineering, UFC 3-410-01 Heating, Ventilating, And Air Conditioning Systems, etc.

C. Mechanical Equipment

1. All abandoned-in-place mechanical equipment shall be demolished as part of the construction, renovation, repair or other improvement project.

2. All outdoor mechanical equipment shall be rated and installed for all weather conditions. These provisions shall include but not be limited to the following:

a) Low voltage electrical connections to outdoor mechanical equipment.

b) Heat tracing and insulation to prevent freezing.

c) Aluminum protective covering for outdoor insulation.

d) Protection for pipe insulation in high traffic areas.

e) Rain tight NEMA rated enclosures and watertight EMT as applicable.

f) Hail damage guards and high wind protection for refrigerant condenser coils.

g) Low ambient capability (to at least 0 degrees F) for air-cooled refrigeration condensers, compressor-bearing condensing units and packaged outdoor HVAC units when required to operate in low ambient conditions.

h) Hot gas reheat for packaged outdoor HVAC units for dehumidification.

3. All installed equipment utilizing refrigerants shall use a refrigerant which is approved for use on Tinker AFB as listed in the Base Refrigerant Management section of this Standard.

4. All HVAC installation, repair or replacement work shall be performed in accordance with ASHRAE and other industry-accepted standards.

5. The minimum thickness for pleated media shall be 4”.

6. Whenever possible, install bypasses or some other means to ensure regular maintenance items such as strainers may be cleaned without plant shutdown.

7. Provide disconnect switches for remote controlled equipment like air handlers and exhaust fans.

8. All equipment which could be damaged by inclement weather or accidental damage shall be installed with protective equipment options or provisions including, but not limited to, hail guards for all air-cooled condensers.

9. Floor mounted equipment shall be mounted on suitable concrete housekeeping pads extending 6 inches beyond the unit footprint.

10. Mechanical equipment having rotating or reciprocating components, such as compressors, fans, motors, etc. shall be mounted on spring isolators.

11. All equipment shall be located with sufficient clearance for maintenance and be provided with access by means of identified panels, catwalks, platforms, stairs or ladders as required.

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12. Requirements for Boilers: Prior to construction, contractors shall contact Tinker AFB 72 ABW Civil Engineering Squadron, Environmental Management, Air Quality Division, regarding current environmental requirements for new boiler equipment. Additional requirements may be found in Tinker AFB General Specification Section 00 72 00 - ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CONSTRUCTION ON TINKER AIR FORCE BASE. Tinker AFB Environmental shall also be contacted for current environmental metering, recording, and report requirements for new boilers.

13. Infrared Heating Systems, infrared heaters and system components installed on base, specifically in buildings located near the flight line such as aircraft hangers, shall be designed to prevent movement caused by vibration during aircraft take-off operations. Consider designing with seismic protection to accomplish this measure.

D. Mechanical Piping - General

1. All abandoned in place mechanical piping shall be demolished as part of the construction, renovation, repair or other improvement project.

2. Isolation valves shall be provided at each piece of connected equipment.

3. Isolation valves shall be provided at each branch line extending from a main line (tee fitting).

4. Thermometers, pressure gauges and PT plugs shall be provided at all coils.

5. All supply and return lines shall be identified with markings denoting flow direction and fluid transport.

6. Pipe Painting: All exposed mechanical piping shall be primed with paint suitable for metal surfaces then finished with a paint color to match the background. This requirement applies to repair and renovation projects as well as new construction or additions to existing building systems regardless of method of project delivery.

7. Pipes containing water or other fluids subject to freezing, when routed inside of an exterior wall cavity, ceiling cavity or other location exposed to an unconditioned space or to the outdoors, shall be protected from freezing.

8. All condensation shall be drained into sanitary sewer on all projects.

9. Piping installed on new systems shall either be manufactured as corrosion resistant, have protective coatings applied in the field or have a cathodic protection system.

E. Underground Piping

1. Steam utility piping systems shall be designed in accordance with UFC 3-430-01FA Heating & Cooling Distribution Systems.

2. All steam and hot water distribution systems shall have a cost analysis performed comparing aboveground, surface utility, and underground conduit systems to determine the most economical system. Comparison should include cost, maintainability, and system performance.

3. Install cathodic protection systems to protect all piping and appurtenances located underground.

F. Piping Thermal Insulation

1. Insulation of mechanical piping located outdoors. Where mechanical piping that serves steam, chilled water, hot water, domestic water or similar fluid is installed outdoors or otherwise exposed to the elements, insulation shall exceed by 30% the requirements of ASHRAE 90.1, the International Mechanical Code, or the standard UFGS specification, whichever is more stringent. This shall apply to all new construction, renovation, repair or replacement projects.

2. Insulation of mechanical piping located within a conditioned environment. Where mechanical piping is installed indoors or otherwise within a conditioned environment, thermal insulation shall

Tinker Air Force Base Facility Standard - Attachment C Page 18 of 29 meet requirements of ASHRAE 90.1, International Mechanical Code, or the standard UFGS specification, whichever is greater. This shall apply to all new construction, renovation, repair or replacement projects.

G. Ductwork

1. All abandoned-in-place ductwork systems shall be demolished as part of the construction, renovation, repair or other improvement project.

2. All ductwork shall have a class A seal.

3. All HVAC ductwork shall be constructed and installed in accordance with industry-accepted standards including but not limited to ASHRAE and SMACNA standards.

4. Install sufficient insulation and vapor barrier on air conditioning ductwork and chilled water piping to prevent condensation. Duct liner shall be kept to a minimum for sound control only.

The preferred thermal insulation shall be external wrap.

5. Balancing dampers in ductwork shall be installed so as to be inaccessible to the occupants of the space being served, i.e. in the take offs from the duct branches rather than in the diffusers.

6. Exposed Ductwork Painting: All exposed mechanical ducts shall be primed with paint suitable for metal surfaces and finish painted with color to match background. This requirement applies to repair and renovation projects as well as new construction or additions to existing building systems regardless of method of project delivery.

H. Natural Gas Systems

1. Refer to Plumbing Section for requirements.

I. Welding

1. All welding shall be performed by a welder certified IAW ANSI B31.1 or API 1104 codes. Welds shall be made and inspected IAW ANSI B31.8 requirements.

J. Temperature Controls / Energy Management / EMCS Systems

1. All abandoned-in-place temperature controls shall be demolished as part of the construction, renovation, repair or other improvement project.

2. Temperature controls for all renovation and new construction projects shall utilize direct digital control (DDC) systems as required by UFC 3-410-01.

3. Provide vibration sensors for all mechanical equipment having electric motor(s) equal to or exceeding 50 HP. Vibration sensing equipment shall include permanent mount sensors/transducers, collection boxes and cabling sourced via the same manufacturer – all devices shall be compatible. Preferred products are as manufactured by Connection Technology Center, Inc. Victor, NY.

4. Provide baseline measurements for all equipment in commissioning reports. Record results on the EMCS monitoring system.

5. For additional requirements, refer to Section I – Energy Conservation Requirements in this document.

K. Water Treatment

1. In order to protect boilers, cooling towers, chillers and other capital-intensive mechanical equipment, water treatment shall be provided as recommended by the specific equipment manufacturer. Site specific water quality testing shall be performed and written lab test results shall be provided by an independent third party test agency. Based on the lab test results, a formal water treatment plan shall be developed and a water treatment program implemented.

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2. Annual chemical treatment shall be provided on all "closed loop" systems including but not limited to heating water loops, chilled water loops, and fluid cooler applications. Side stream pot feeders shall be provided for all mechanical systems requiring chemical treatment whether or not specified on plans, drawings or otherwise.

3. Water treatment shall be provided using traditional chemical-based methods. Non-chemical treatment methods are prohibited by USAF policy.

4. Ensure the output capacity (volume and pressure) from the water treatment equipment is adequate for the volume of makeup water required, according to the boiler manufacturer.

5. Water softeners are required on all open loop makeup systems including but not limited to steam boilers, humidifiers, cooling towers and commercial domestic hot water systems (kitchens).

a) Softeners shall be properly sized to allow soft water to be introduced into systems at all times, including emergency shutdown.

b) Provide soft water/conditioned water for all boiler systems.

L. Mechanical Room Design

1. In order to protect boilers, cooling towers, chillers and other capital-intensive mechanical systems, dedicated mechanical room(s) shall be provided for all mechanical equipment and systems in accordance with the International Mechanical Code.

2. Mechanical rooms shall be provided with doorways suitable for passage of the mechanical equipment to be installed inside the space.

3. Mechanical rooms containing refrigeration equipment such as water chillers, refrigerant cooled equipment, coils, etc. shall comply with ASHRAE Standard 15 Safety Standard for Refrigeration Systems, latest edition. This is a mandatory, Life Safety, Health and Welfare requirement.

4. Ventilate mechanical rooms to prevent overheating of components and to maintain acceptable indoor air quality. Ventilation system designs shall comply with ASHRAE Standard 62.1 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality, latest edition.

5. Concrete housekeeping pads shall be provided for all floor mounted mechanical equipment.

Housekeeping pads shall be constructed of approved materials and shall be secured to the building foundation by means of mechanical, structural and/or chemical-bonding material.

Construct pads to extend beyond supported mechanical equipment by six inches (6”) on each side. Pads shall be placed level, to a height of four inches (4”) above the floor, and all exposed edges shall have a one inch (1”) chamfer. Pads shall not be placed adjacent to a wall, column, or other building element unless suitable maintenance access is provided to the equipment to be mounted onto the pad.

6. For mechanical rooms housing chillers, boilers or heat exchangers, allow sufficient clearance to access the tube bundles for tube cleaning, eddy current testing or tube replacement. Typically, to meet the “sufficient space” requirement, allow clearances equal to the overall equipment length plus 20%, measured from the accessible end(s) of the equipment (i.e. end bell covers). Where possible, this type of equipment should be located at ground floor level and near an exterior, overhead door. In cases where space is at minimum, equipment could be positioned to allow for servicing through the open doorway.

7. Chillers, boilers, heat exchangers, fans, pumps motors or other large equipment exceeding 100 HP, 100 tons in refrigerating capacity, or having serviceable components exceeding 150 lbs.

should be provided with permanently installed, overhead hoist or crane rails secured to and integrated with the building structure.

M. Mechanical Equipment Location

1. Locate equipment to allow access for maintenance IAW the International Building Code (IBC) and International Mechanical Code (IMC). Avoid locating equipment on roofs due to maintenance

Tinker Air Force Base Facility Standard - Attachment C Page 20 of 29 problems. Provisions shall be made for removal of equipment for maintenance.