150-5370-2G Construction on Airports.pdf

U.S. Department of Transportation

Federal Aviation

Administration

Advisory Circular

Subject: Operational Safety on

Airports During Construction

Date: 12/13/2017

Initiated By: AAS-100

AC No: 150/5370-2G

Change:

Purpose. 1

This AC sets forth guidelines for operational safety on airports during construction.

Cancellation. 2

This AC cancels AC 150/5370-2F, Operational Safety on Airports during Construction, dated September 29, 2011.

Application. 3

This AC assists airport operators in complying with Title 14 Code of Federal

Regulations (CFR) Part 139, Certification of Airports. For those certificated airports, this AC provides one way, but not the only way, of meeting those requirements. The use of this AC is mandatory for those airport construction projects receiving funds under the

Airport Improvement Program (AIP). See Grant Assurance No. 34, Policies, Standards, and Specifications. While we do not require non-certificated airports without grant agreements or airports using Passenger Facility Charge (PFC) Program funds for construction projects to adhere to these guidelines, we recommend that they do so to help these airports maintain operational safety during construction.

Related Documents. 4

ACs and Orders referenced in the text of this AC do not include a revision letter, as they refer to the latest version. Appendix A contains a list of reading material on airport construction, design, and potential safety hazards during construction, as well as instructions for obtaining these documents.

Principal Changes. 5

The AC incorporates the following principal changes:

1. Notification about impacts to both airport owned and FAA-owned NAVAIDs was added. See paragraph 2.13.5.3, NAVAIDs.

12/13/2017 AC 150/5370-2G

ii

2. Guidance for the use of orange construction signs was added. See paragraph

2.18.4.2, Temporary Signs.

3. Open trenches or excavations may be permitted in the taxiway safety area while the taxiway is open to aircraft operations, subject to restrictions. See paragraph 2.22.3.4, Excavations.

4. Guidance for temporary shortened runways and displaced thresholds has been enhanced. See Figure 2-1 and Figure 2-2.

5. Figures have been improved and a new Appendix F on the placement of orange construction signs has been added.

Hyperlinks (allowing the reader to access documents located on the internet and to maneuver within this document) are provided throughout this document and are identified with underlined text. When navigating within this document, return to the previously viewed page by pressing the “ALT” and “” keys simultaneously.

Figures in this document are schematic representations and are not to scale.

Use of Metrics. 6

Throughout this AC, U.S. customary units are used followed with “soft” (rounded) conversion to metric units. The U.S. customary units govern.

Where to Find this AC. 7

You can view a list of all ACs at http://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/advisory_circulars/. You can view the Federal

Aviation Regulations at http://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/faa_regulations/.

Feedback on this AC. 8

If you have suggestions for improving this AC, you may use the Advisory Circular

Feedback form at the end of this AC.

John R. Dermody

Director of Airport Safety and Standards

CONTENTS

Paragraph Page iii

Chapter 1. Planning an Airfield Construction Project ......................................................... 1-1

1.1 Overview. ...................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.2 Plan for Safety............................................................................................................... 1-1

1.3 Develop a Construction Safety and Phasing Plan (CSPP). ........................................... 1-3

1.4 Who Is Responsible for Safety During Construction? .................................................. 1-4

Chapter 2. Construction Safety and Phasing Plans .............................................................. 2-1

2.1 Overview. ...................................................................................................................... 2-1

2.2 Assume Responsibility.................................................................................................. 2-1

2.3 Submit the CSPP. .......................................................................................................... 2-1

2.4 Meet CSPP Requirements. ............................................................................................ 2-2

2.5 Coordination. ................................................................................................................ 2-6

2.6 Phasing. ......................................................................................................................... 2-7

2.7 Areas and Operations Affected by Construction Activity. ........................................... 2-7

2.8 Navigation Aid (NAVAID) Protection. ...................................................................... 2-11

2.9 Contractor Access. ...................................................................................................... 2-11

2.10 Wildlife Management. ................................................................................................ 2-15

2.11 Foreign Object Debris (FOD) Management. .............................................................. 2-16

2.12 Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT) Management. ........................................................ 2-16

2.13 Notification of Construction Activities. ...................................................................... 2-16

2.14 Inspection Requirements. ............................................................................................ 2-18

2.15 Underground Utilities. ................................................................................................ 2-19

2.16 Penalties. ..................................................................................................................... 2-19

2.17 Special Conditions. ..................................................................................................... 2-19

2.18 Runway and Taxiway Visual Aids. ............................................................................ 2-19

2.19 Marking and Signs for Access Routes. ....................................................................... 2-29

2.20 Hazard Marking, Lighting and Signing. ..................................................................... 2-30

2.21 Work Zone Lighting for Nighttime Construction. ...................................................... 2-32

2.22 Protection of Runway and Taxiway Safety Areas. ..................................................... 2-33

2.23 Other Limitations on Construction. ............................................................................ 2-37 iv

Chapter 3. Guidelines for Writing a CSPP ............................................................................ 3-1

3.1 General Requirements. .................................................................................................. 3-1

3.2 Applicability of Subjects............................................................................................... 3-1

3.3 Graphical Representations. ........................................................................................... 3-1

3.4 Reference Documents. .................................................................................................. 3-2

3.5 Restrictions. .................................................................................................................. 3-2

3.6 Coordination. ................................................................................................................ 3-2

3.7 Phasing. ......................................................................................................................... 3-2

3.8 Areas and Operations Affected by Construction. ......................................................... 3-2

3.9 NAVAID Protection. .................................................................................................... 3-2

3.10 Contractor Access. ........................................................................................................ 3-3

3.11 Wildlife Management. .................................................................................................. 3-4

3.12 FOD Management. ........................................................................................................ 3-4

3.13 HAZMAT Management................................................................................................ 3-4

3.14 Notification of Construction Activities. ........................................................................ 3-4

3.15 Inspection Requirements. .............................................................................................. 3-5

3.16 Underground Utilities. .................................................................................................. 3-5

3.17 Penalties. ....................................................................................................................... 3-5

3.18 Special Conditions. ....................................................................................................... 3-5

3.19 Runway and Taxiway Visual Aids. .............................................................................. 3-6

3.20 Marking and Signs for Access Routes. ......................................................................... 3-6

3.21 Hazard Marking and Lighting. ...................................................................................... 3-6

3.22 Work Zone Lighting for Nighttime Construction. ........................................................ 3-6

3.23 Protection of Runway and Taxiway Safety Areas. ....................................................... 3-7

3.24 Other Limitations on Construction. .............................................................................. 3-7

Appendix A. Related Reading Material ................................................................................ A-1

Appendix B. Terms and Acronyms ........................................................................................B-1

Appendix C. Safety and Phasing Plan Checklist .................................................................. C-1

Appendix D. Construction Project Daily Safety Inspection Checklist ............................... D-1

Appendix E. Sample Operational Effects Table ....................................................................E-1

Appendix F. Orange Construction Signs ............................................................................... F-1 v

FIGURES

Number Page

Figure 2-1. Temporary Partially Closed Runway ........................................................................ 2-9

Figure 2-2. Temporary Displaced Threshold ............................................................................. 2-10

Figure 2-3. Markings for a Temporarily Closed Runway.......................................................... 2-21

Figure 2-4. Temporary Taxiway Closure................................................................................... 2-22

Figure 2-5. Temporary Outboard White Threshold Bars and Yellow Arrowheads .................. 2-24

Figure 2-6. Lighted X in Daytime .............................................................................................. 2-26

Figure 2-7. Lighted X at Night ................................................................................................... 2-26

Figure 2-8. Interlocking Barricades ........................................................................................... 2-31

Figure 2-9. Low Profile Barricades ........................................................................................... 2-32

Figure E-1. Phase I Example ....................................................................................................... E-1

Figure E-2. Phase II Example ...................................................................................................... E-2

Figure E-3. Phase III Example ..................................................................................................... E-3

Figure F-1. Approved Sign Legends ............................................................................................ F-1

Figure F-2. Orange Construction Sign Example 1....................................................................... F-2

Figure F-3. Orange Construction Sign Example 2....................................................................... F-3

TABLES

Number Page

Table A-1. FAA Publications ..................................................................................................... A-1

Table A-2. Code of Federal Regulation ...................................................................................... A-3

Table B-1. Terms and Acronyms ................................................................................................ B-1

Table C-1. CSPP Checklist ......................................................................................................... C-1

Table D-1. Potentially Hazardous Conditions ............................................................................ D-1

Table E-1. Operational Effects Table .......................................................................................... E-4

Table E-2. Runway and Taxiway Edge Protection ...................................................................... E-6

Table E-3. Protection Prior to Runway Threshold....................................................................... E-7 vi

Page Intentionally Blank

1-1

CHAPTER 1. PLANNING AN AIRFIELD CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

1.1 Overview.

Airports are complex environments, and procedures and conditions associated with construction activities often affect aircraft operations and can jeopardize operational safety. Safety considerations are paramount and may make operational impacts unavoidable. However, careful planning, scheduling, and coordination of construction activities can minimize disruption of normal aircraft operations and avoid situations that compromise the airport’s operational safety. The airport operator must understand how construction activities and aircraft operations affect one another to be able to develop an effective plan to complete the project. While the guidance in this AC is primarily used for construction operations, the concepts, methods and procedures described may also enhance the day-to-day airport maintenance operations, such as lighting maintenance and snow removal operations.

1.2 Plan for Safety.

Safety, maintaining aircraft operations, and construction costs are all interrelated. Since safety must not be compromised, the airport operator must strike a balance between maintaining aircraft operations and construction costs. This balance will vary widely depending on the operational needs and resources of the airport and will require early coordination with airport users and the FAA. As the project design progresses, the necessary construction locations, activities, and associated costs will be identified and their impact to airport operations must be assessed. Adjustments are made to the proposed construction activities, often by phasing the project, and/or to airport operations to maintain operational safety. This planning effort will ultimately result in a project Construction Safety and Phasing Plan (CSPP). The development of the CSPP takes place through the following five steps:

1.2.1 Identify Affected Areas.

The airport operator must determine the geographic areas on the airport affected by the construction project. Some, such as a runway extension, will be defined by the project.

Others may be variable, such as the location of haul routes and material stockpiles.

1.2.2 Describe Current Operations.

Identify the normal airport operations in each affected area for each phase of the project.

This becomes the baseline from which the impact on operations by construction activities can be measured. This should include a narrative of the typical users and aircraft operating within the affected areas. It should also include information related to airport operations: the Aircraft Approach Category (AAC) and Airplane Design Group

(ADG) of the airplanes that operate on each runway; the ADG and Taxiway Design

Group (TDG) for each affected taxiway; designated approach visibility minimums;

Find Taxiway Design Group information in AC 150/5300-13, Airport Design.

https://www.faa.gov/airports/resources/advisory_circulars/index.cfm/go/document.current/documentNumber/150_5300-13

1-2 available approach and departure procedures; most demanding aircraft; declared distances; available air traffic control services; airport Surface Movement Guidance and

Control System (SMGCS) plan; and others. The applicable seasons, days and times for certain operations should also be identified as applicable.

1.2.3 Allow for Temporary Changes to Operations.

To the extent practical, current airport operations should be maintained during the construction. In consultation with airport users, Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting

(ARFF) personnel, and FAA Air Traffic Organization (ATO) personnel, the airport operator should identify and prioritize the airport’s most important operations. The construction activities should be planned, through project phasing if necessary, to safely accommodate these operations. When the construction activities cannot be adjusted to safely maintain current operations, regardless of their importance, then the operations must be revised accordingly. Allowable changes include temporary revisions to approach procedures, restricting certain aircraft to specific runways and taxiways, suspension of certain operations, decreased weights for some aircraft due to shortened runways, and other changes. An example of a table showing temporary operations versus current operations is shown in Appendix E.

1.2.4 Take Required Measures to Revise Operations.

Once the level and type of aircraft operations to be maintained are identified, the airport operator must determine the measures required to safely conduct the planned operations during the construction. These measures will result in associated costs, which can be broadly interpreted to include not only direct construction costs, but also loss of revenue from impacted operations. Analysis of costs may indicate a need to reevaluate allowable changes to operations. As aircraft operations and allowable changes will vary widely among airports, this AC presents general guidance on those subjects.

1.2.5 Manage Safety Risk.

The FAA is committed to incorporating proactive safety risk management (SRM) tools into its decision-making processes. FAA Order 5200.11, FAA Airports (ARP) Safety

Management System (SMS), requires the FAA to conduct a Safety Assessment for certain triggering actions. Certain airport projects may require the airport operator to provide a Project Proposal Summary to help the FAA determine whether a Safety

Assessment is required prior to FAA approval of the CSPP. The airport operator must coordinate with the appropriate FAA Airports Regional or District Office early in the development of the CSPP to determine the need for a Safety Risk Assessment. If the

FAA requires an assessment, the airport operator must at a minimum:

1. Notify the appropriate FAA Airports Regional or District Office during the project

“scope development” phase of any project requiring a CSPP.

2. Provide documents identified by the FAA as necessary to conduct SRM.

3. Participate in the SRM process for airport projects.

4. Provide a representative to participate on the SRM panel.

1-3

5. Ensure that all applicable SRM identified risks elements are recorded and mitigated within the CSPP.

1.3 Develop a Construction Safety and Phasing Plan (CSPP).

Development of an effective CSPP will require familiarity with many other documents referenced throughout this AC. See Appendix A for a list of related reading material.

1.3.1 List Requirements.

A CSPP must be developed for each on-airfield construction project funded by the

Airport Improvement Program (AIP) or located on an airport certificated under Part

139. For on-airfield construction projects at Part 139 airports funded without AIP funds, the preparation of a CSPP represents an acceptable method the certificate holder may use to meet Part 139 requirements during airfield construction activity. As per FAA

Order 5200.11, projects that require Safety Assessments do not include construction, rehabilitation, or change of any facility that is entirely outside the air operations area, does not involve any expansion of the facility envelope and does not involve construction equipment, haul routes or placement of material in locations that require access to the air operations area, increase the facility envelope, or impact line-of-sight.

Such facilities may include passenger terminals and parking or other structures.

However, extraordinary circumstances may trigger the need for a Safety Assessment and a CSPP. The CSPP is subject to subsequent review and approval under the FAA’s

Safety Risk Management procedures (see paragraph 1.2.5).

1.3.2 Prepare a Safety Plan Compliance Document (SPCD).

The Safety Plan Compliance Document (SPCD) details how the contractor will comply with the CSPP. Also, it will not be possible to determine all safety plan details (for example specific hazard equipment and lighting, contractor’s points of contact, construction equipment heights) during the development of the CSPP. The successful contractor must define such details by preparing an SPCD that the airport operator reviews for approval prior to issuance of a notice-to-proceed. The SPCD is a subset of the CSPP, similar to how a shop drawing review is a subset to the technical specifications.

1.3.3 Assume Responsibility for the CSPP.

The airport operator is responsible for establishing and enforcing the CSPP. The airport operator may use the services of an engineering consultant to help develop the CSPP.

However, writing the CSPP cannot be delegated to the construction contractor. Only those details the airport operator determines cannot be addressed before contract award are developed by the contractor and submitted for approval as the SPCD. The SPCD does not restate nor propose differences to provisions already addressed in the CSPP.

1-4

1.4 Who Is Responsible for Safety During Construction?

1.4.1 Establish a Safety Culture.

Everyone has a role in operational safety on airports during construction: the airport operator, the airport’s consultants, the construction contractor and subcontractors, airport users, airport tenants, ARFF personnel, Air Traffic personnel, including

Technical Operations personnel, FAA Airports Division personnel, and others, such as military personnel at any airport supporting military operations (e.g. national guard or a joint use facility). Close communication and coordination between all affected parties is the key to maintaining safe operations. Such communication and coordination should start at the project scoping meeting and continue through the completion of the project.

The airport operator and contractor should conduct onsite safety inspections throughout the project and immediately remedy any deficiencies, whether caused by negligence, oversight, or project scope change.

1.4.2 Assess Airport Operator’s Responsibilities.

An airport operator has overall responsibility for all activities on an airport, including construction. This includes the predesign, design, preconstruction, construction, and inspection phases. Additional information on the responsibilities listed below can be found throughout this AC. The airport operator must:

1-5

1.4.2.1 Develop a CSPP that complies with the safety guidelines of Chapter 2, Construction Safety and Phasing Plans, and Chapter 3, Guidelines for

Writing a CSPP. The airport operator may develop the CSPP internally or have a consultant develop the CSPP for approval by the airport operator.

For tenant sponsored projects, approve a CSPP developed by the tenant or its consultant.

1.4.2.2 Require, review and approve the SPCD by the contractor that indicates how it will comply with the CSPP and provides details that cannot be determined before contract award.

1.4.2.3 Convene a preconstruction meeting with the construction contractor, consultant, airport employees and, if appropriate, tenant sponsor and other tenants to review and discuss project safety before beginning construction activity. The appropriate FAA representatives should be invited to attend the meeting. See AC 150/5370-12, Quality Management for Federally

Funded Airport Construction Projects. (Note “FAA” refers to the Airports

Regional or District Office, the Air Traffic Organization, Flight Standards

Service, and other offices that support airport operations, flight regulations, and construction/environmental policies.)

1.4.2.4 Ensure contact information is accurate for each representative/point of contact identified in the CSPP and SPCD.

1.4.2.5 Hold weekly or, if necessary, daily safety meetings with all affected parties to coordinate activities.

1.4.2.6 Notify users, ARFF personnel, and FAA ATO personnel of construction and conditions that may adversely affect the operational safety of the airport via Notices to Airmen (NOTAM) and other methods, as appropriate. Convene a meeting for review and discussion if necessary.

1.4.2.7 Ensure construction personnel know applicable airport procedures and changes to those procedures that may affect their work.

1.4.2.8 Ensure that all temporary construction signs are located per the scheduled list for each phase of the project.

1.4.2.9 Ensure construction contractors and subcontractors undergo training required by the CSPP and SPCD.

1.4.2.10 Ensure vehicle and pedestrian operations addressed in the CSPP and

SPCD are coordinated with airport tenants, the airport traffic control tower

(ATCT), and construction contractors.

1.4.2.11 At certificated airports, ensure each CSPP and SPCD is consistent with

Part 139.

https://www.faa.gov/airports/resources/advisory_circulars/index.cfm/go/document.current/documentNumber/150_5370-12

1-6

1.4.2.12 Conduct inspections sufficiently frequently to ensure construction contractors and tenants comply with the CSPP and SPCD and that there are no altered construction activities that could create potential safety hazards.

1.4.2.13 Take immediate action to resolve safety deficiencies.

1.4.2.14 At airports subject to 49 CFR Part 1542, Airport Security, ensure construction access complies with the security requirements of that regulation.

1.4.2.15 Notify appropriate parties when conditions exist that invoke provisions of the CSPP and SPCD (for example, implementation of low-visibility operations).

1.4.2.16 Ensure prompt submittal of a Notice of Proposed Construction or

Alteration (Form 7460-1) for conducting an aeronautical study of potential obstructions such as tall equipment (cranes, concrete pumps, other), stock piles, and haul routes. A separate form may be filed for each potential obstruction, or one form may be filed describing the entire construction area and maximum equipment height. In the latter case, a separate form must be filed for any object beyond or higher than the originally evaluated area/height. The FAA encourages online submittal of forms for expediency at https://oeaaa.faa.gov/oeaaa/external/portal.jsp. The appropriate FAA Airports Regional or District Office can provide assistance in determining which objects require an aeronautical study.

1.4.2.17 Ensure prompt transmission of the Airport Sponsor Strategic Event

Submission, FAA Form 6000-26, located at https://oeaaa.faa.gov/oeaaa/external/content/AIRPORT_SPONSOR_STR

ATEGIC_EVENT_SUBMISSION_FORM.pdf, to assure proper coordination for NAS Strategic Interruption per Service Level Agreement with ATO.

1.4.2.18 Promptly notify the FAA Airports Regional or District Office of any proposed changes to the CSPP prior to implementation of the change.

Changes to the CSPP require review and approval by the airport operator and the FAA. The FAA Airports Regional or District office will determine if further coordination within the FAA is needed. Coordinate with appropriate local and other federal government agencies, such as

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Occupational Safety and Health

Administration (OSHA), Transportation Security Administration (TSA), and the state environmental agency.

1.4.3 Define Construction Contractor’s Responsibilities.

The contractor is responsible for complying with the CSPP and SPCD. The contractor must:

https://oeaaa.faa.gov/oeaaa/external/portal.jsp https://oeaaa.faa.gov/oeaaa/external/content/AIRPORT_SPONSOR_STRATEGIC_EVENT_SUBMISSION_FORM.pdf https://oeaaa.faa.gov/oeaaa/external/content/AIRPORT_SPONSOR_STRATEGIC_EVENT_SUBMISSION_FORM.pdf

1-7

1.4.3.1 Submit a Safety Plan Compliance Document (SPCD) to the airport operator describing how it will comply with the requirements of the CSPP and supply any details that could not be determined before contract award.

The SPCD must include a certification statement by the contractor, indicating an understanding of the operational safety requirements of the

CSPP and the assertion of compliance with the approved CSPP and SPCD unless written approval is granted by the airport operator. Any construction practice proposed by the contractor that does not conform to the CSPP and SPCD may impact the airport’s operational safety and will require a revision to the CSPP and SPCD and re-coordination with the airport operator and the FAA in advance.

1.4.3.2 Have available at all times copies of the CSPP and SPCD for reference by the airport operator and its representatives, and by subcontractors and contractor employees.

1.4.3.3 Ensure that construction personnel are familiar with safety procedures and regulations on the airport. Provide a point of contact who will coordinate an immediate response to correct any construction-related activity that may adversely affect the operational safety of the airport. Many projects will require 24-hour coverage.

1.4.3.4 Identify in the SPCD the contractor’s on-site employees responsible for monitoring compliance with the CSPP and SPCD during construction. At least one of these employees must be on-site when active construction is taking place.

1.4.3.5 Conduct sufficient inspections to ensure construction personnel comply with the CSPP and SPCD and that there are no altered construction activities that could create potential safety hazards.

1.4.3.6 Restrict movement of construction vehicles and personnel to permitted construction areas by flagging, barricading, erecting temporary fencing, or providing escorts, as appropriate, and as specified in the CSPP and SPCD.

1.4.3.7 Ensure that no contractor employees, employees of subcontractors or suppliers, or other persons enter any part of the air operations area (AOA) from the construction site unless authorized.

1.4.3.8 Ensure prompt submittal through the airport operator of Form 7460-1 for the purpose of conducting an aeronautical study of contractor equipment such as tall equipment (cranes, concrete pumps, and other equipment), stock piles, and haul routes when different from cases previously filed by the airport operator. The FAA encourages online submittal of forms for expediency at https://oeaaa.faa.gov/oeaaa/external/portal.jsp.

https://oeaaa.faa.gov/oeaaa/external/portal.jsp

1-8

1.4.3.9 Ensure that all necessary safety mitigations are understood by all parties involved, and any special requirements of each construction phase will be fulfilled per the approved timeframe.

1.4.3.10 Participate in pre-construction meetings to review construction limits, safety mitigations, NOTAMs, and understand all special airport operational needs during each phase of the project.

1.4.4 Define Tenant’s Responsibilities.

If planning construction activities on leased property, Airport tenants, such as airline operators, fixed base operators, and FAA ATO/Technical Operations sponsoring construction are strongly encouraged to:

1. Develop, or have a consultant develop, a project specific CSPP and submit it to the airport operator. The airport operator may forgo a complete CSPP submittal and instead incorporate appropriate operational safety principles and measures addressed in the advisory circular within their tenant lease agreements.

2. In coordination with its contractor, develop an SPCD and submit it to the airport operator for approval issued prior to issuance of a Notice to Proceed.

3. Ensure that construction personnel are familiar with safety procedures and regulations on the airport during all phases of the construction.

4. Provide a point of contact of who will coordinate an immediate response to correct any construction-related activity that may adversely affect the operational safety of the airport.

5. Identify in the SPCD the contractor’s on-site employees responsible for monitoring compliance with the CSPP and SPCD during construction. At least one of these employees must be on-site when active construction is taking place.

6. Ensure that no tenant or contractor employees, employees of subcontractors or suppliers, or any other persons enter any part of the AOA from the construction site unless authorized.

7. Restrict movement of construction vehicles to construction areas by flagging and barricading, erecting temporary fencing, or providing escorts, as appropriate, as specified in the CSPP and SPCD.

8. Ensure prompt submittal through the airport operator of Form 7460-1 for conducting an aeronautical study of contractor equipment such as tall equipment

(cranes, concrete pumps, other), stock piles, and haul routes. The FAA encourages online submittal of forms for expediency at https://oeaaa.faa.gov/oeaaa/external/portal.jsp.

9. Participate in pre-construction meetings to review construction limits, safety mitigations, NOTAMs, and understand all special airport operational needs during each phase of the project.

https://oeaaa.faa.gov/oeaaa/external/portal.jsp

2-1

CHAPTER 2. CONSTRUCTION SAFETY AND PHASING PLANS

2.1 Overview.

Aviation safety is the primary consideration at airports, especially during construction.

The airport operator’s CSPP and the contractor’s Safety Plan Compliance Document

(SPCD) are the primary tools to ensure safety compliance when coordinating construction activities with airport operations. These documents identify all aspects of the construction project that pose a potential safety hazard to airport operations and outline respective mitigation procedures for each hazard. They must provide information necessary for the Airport Operations department to conduct airfield inspections and expeditiously identify and correct unsafe conditions during construction. All aviation safety provisions included within the project drawings, contract specifications, and other related documents must also be reflected in the CSPP and SPCD.

2.2 Assume Responsibility.

Operational safety on the airport remains the airport operator’s responsibility at all times. The airport operator must develop, certify, and submit for FAA approval each

CSPP. It is the airport operator’s responsibility to apply the requirements of the FAA approved CSPP. The airport operator must revise the CSPP when conditions warrant changes and must submit the revised CSPP to the FAA for approval. The airport operator must also require and approve a SPCD from the project contractor.

2.3 Submit the CSPP.

Construction Safety and Phasing Plans should be developed concurrently with the project design. Milestone versions of the CSPP should be submitted for review and approval as follows. While these milestones are not mandatory, early submission will help to avoid delays. Submittals are preferred in 8.5 × 11 inch or 11 × 17 inch format for compatibility with the FAA’s Obstruction Evaluation / Airport Airspace Analysis

(OE / AAA) process.

2.3.1 Submit an Outline/Draft.

By the time approximately 25% to 30% of the project design is completed, the principal elements of the CSPP should be established. Airport operators are encouraged to submit an outline or draft, detailing all CSPP provisions developed to date, to the FAA for review at this stage of the project design.

2.3.2 Submit a CSPP.

The CSPP should be formally submitted for FAA approval when the project design is

80 percent to 90 percent complete. Since provisions in the CSPP will influence contract costs, it is important to obtain FAA approval in time to include all such provisions in the procurement contract.

2-2

2.3.3 Submit an SPCD.

The contractor should submit the SPCD to the airport operator for approval to be issued prior to the Notice to Proceed.

2.3.4 Submit CSPP Revisions.

All revisions to a previously approved CSPP must be re-submitted to the FAA for review and approval/disapproval action.

2.4 Meet CSPP Requirements.

2.4.1 To the extent possible, the CSPP should address the following as outlined in Chapter 3, Guidelines for Writing a CSPP. Details that cannot be determined at this stage are to be included in the SPCD.

1. Coordination.

a. Contractor progress meetings.

b. Scope or schedule changes.

c. FAA ATO coordination.

2. Phasing.

a. Phase elements.

b. Construction safety drawings.

3. Areas and operations affected by the construction activity.

a. Identification of affected areas.

b. Mitigation of effects.

4. Protection of navigation aids (NAVAIDs).

5. Contractor access.

a. Location of stockpiled construction materials.

b. Vehicle and pedestrian operations.

6. Wildlife management.

a. Trash.

b. Standing water.

c. Tall grass and seeds.

d. Poorly maintained fencing and gates.

e. Disruption of existing wildlife habitat.

7. Foreign Object Debris (FOD) management.

8. Hazardous materials (HAZMAT) management.

9. Notification of construction activities.

2-3

a. Maintenance of a list of responsible representatives/ points of contact.

b. NOTAM.

c. Emergency notification procedures.

d. Coordination with ARFF Personnel.

e. Notification to the FAA.

10. Inspection requirements.

a. Daily (or more frequent) inspections.

b. Final inspections.

11. Underground utilities.

12. Penalties.

13. Special conditions.

14. Runway and taxiway visual aids. Marking, lighting, signs, and visual NAVAIDs.

a. General.

b. Markings.

c. Lighting and visual NAVAIDs.

d. Signs, temporary, including orange construction signs, and permanent signs.

15. Marking and signs for access routes.

16. Hazard marking and lighting.

a. Purpose.

b. Equipment.

17. Work zone lighting for nighttime construction (if applicable).

18. Protection of runway and taxiway safety areas, object free areas, obstacle free zones, and approach/departure surfaces.

a. Runway Safety Area (RSA).

b. Runway Object Free Area (ROFA).

c. Taxiway Safety Area (TSA). Provide details for any adjustments to Taxiway

Safety Area width to allow continued operation of smaller aircraft. See paragraph 2.22.3.

d. Taxiway Object Free Area (TOFA). Provide details for any continued aircraft operations while construction occurs within the TOFA. See paragraph 2.22.4.

e. Obstacle Free Zone (OFZ).

f. Runway approach/departure surfaces.

19. Other limitations on construction.

a. Prohibitions.

2-4

b. Restrictions.

2.4.2 The Safety Plan Compliance Document (SPCD) should include a general statement by the construction contractor that he/she has read and will abide by the CSPP. In addition, the SPCD must include all supplemental information that could not be included in the

CSPP prior to the contract award. The contractor statement should include the name of the contractor, the title of the project CSPP, the approval date of the CSPP, and a reference to any supplemental information (that is, “I, (Name of Contractor), have read the (Title of Project) CSPP, approved on (Date), and will abide by it as written and with the following additions as noted:”). The supplemental information in the SPCD should be written to match the format of the CSPP indicating each subject by corresponding

CSPP subject number and title. If no supplemental information is necessary for any specific subject, the statement, “No supplemental information,” should be written after the corresponding subject title. The SPCD should not duplicate information in the

CSPP:

1. Coordination. Discuss details of proposed safety meetings with the airport operator and with contractor employees and subcontractors.

2. Phasing. Discuss proposed construction schedule elements, including:

a. Duration of each phase.

b. Daily start and finish of construction, including “night only” construction.

c. Duration of construction activities during:

i. Normal runway operations.

ii. Closed runway operations.

iii. Modified runway “Aircraft Reference Code” usage.

3. Areas and operations affected by the construction activity. These areas and operations should be identified in the CSPP and should not require an entry in the

SPCD.

4. Protection of NAVAIDs. Discuss specific methods proposed to protect operating

NAVAIDs.

5. Contractor access. Provide the following:

a. Details on how the contractor will maintain the integrity of the airport security fence (gate guards, daily log of construction personnel, and other).

b. Listing of individuals requiring driver training (for certificated airports and as requested).

c. Radio communications.

i. Types of radios and backup capabilities.

ii. Who will be monitoring radios.

iii. Who to contact if the ATCT cannot reach the contractor’s designated person by radio.

2-5

d. Details on how the contractor will escort material delivery vehicles.

6. Wildlife management. Discuss the following:

a. Methods and procedures to prevent wildlife attraction.

b. Wildlife reporting procedures.

7. Foreign Object Debris (FOD) management. Discuss equipment and methods for control of FOD, including construction debris and dust.

8. Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT) management. Discuss equipment and methods for responding to hazardous spills.

9. Notification of construction activities. Provide the following:

a. Contractor points of contact.

b. Contractor emergency contact.

c. Listing of tall or other requested equipment proposed for use on the airport and the timeframe for submitting 7460-1 forms not previously submitted by the airport operator.

d. Batch plant details, including 7460-1 submittal.

10. Inspection requirements. Discuss daily (or more frequent) inspections and special inspection procedures.

11. Underground utilities. Discuss proposed methods of identifying and protecting underground utilities.

12. Penalties. Penalties should be identified in the CSPP and should not require an entry in the SPCD.

13. Special conditions. Discuss proposed actions for each special condition identified in the CSPP.

14. Runway and taxiway visual aids. Including marking, lighting, signs, and visual

NAVAIDs. Discuss proposed visual aids including the following:

a. Equipment and methods for covering signage and airfield lights.

b. Equipment and methods for temporary closure markings (paint, fabric, other).

c. Temporary orange construction signs.

d. Types of temporary Visual Guidance Slope Indicators (VGSI).

15. Marking and signs for access routes. Discuss proposed methods of demarcating access routes for vehicle drivers.

16. Hazard marking and lighting. Discuss proposed equipment and methods for identifying excavation areas.

17. Work zone lighting for nighttime construction (if applicable). Discuss proposed equipment, locations, aiming, and shielding to prevent interference with air traffic control and aircraft operations.

2-6

18. Protection of runway and taxiway safety areas, object free areas, obstacle free zones, and approach/departure surfaces. Discuss proposed methods of identifying, demarcating, and protecting airport surfaces including:

a. Equipment and methods for maintaining Taxiway Safety Area standards.

b. Equipment and methods to ensure the safe passage of aircraft where Taxiway

Safety Area or Taxiway Object Free Area standards cannot be maintained.

c. Equipment and methods for separation of construction operations from aircraft operations, including details of barricades.

19. Other limitations on construction should be identified in the CSPP and should not require an entry in the SPCD.

2.5 Coordination.

Airport operators, or tenants responsible for design, bidding and conducting construction on their leased properties, should ensure at all project developmental stages, such as predesign, prebid, and preconstruction conferences, they capture the subject of airport operational safety during construction (see AC 150/5370-12, Quality

Management for Federally Funded Airport Construction Projects). In addition, the following should be coordinated as required:

2.5.1 Progress Meetings.

Operational safety should be a standing agenda item for discussion during progress meetings throughout the project developmental stages.

2.5.2 Scope or Schedule Changes.

Changes in the scope or duration at any of the project stages may require revisions to the CSPP and review and approval by the airport operator and the FAA (see paragraph

1.4.2.17).

2.5.3 FAA ATO Coordination.

Early coordination with FAA ATO is highly recommended during the design phase and is required for scheduling Technical Operations shutdowns prior to construction.

Coordination is critical to restarts of NAVAID services and to the establishment of any special procedures for the movement of aircraft. Formal agreements between the airport operator and appropriate FAA offices are recommended. All relocation or adjustments to NAVAIDs, or changes to final grades in critical areas, should be coordinated with

FAA ATO and may require an FAA flight inspection prior to restarting the facility.

Flight inspections must be coordinated and scheduled well in advance of the intended facility restart. Flight inspections may require a reimbursable agreement between the airport operator and FAA ATO. Reimbursable agreements should be coordinated a minimum of 12 months prior to the start of construction. (See paragraph 2.13.5.3.2 for required FAA notification regarding FAA-owned NAVAIDs.)

https://www.faa.gov/airports/resources/advisory_circulars/index.cfm/go/document.current/documentNumber/150_5370-12

2-7

2.6 Phasing.

Once it has been determined what types and levels of airport operations will be maintained, the most efficient sequence of construction may not be feasible. In this case, the sequence of construction may be phased to gain maximum efficiency while allowing for the required operations. The development of the resulting construction phases should be coordinated with local Air Traffic personnel and airport users. The sequenced construction phases established in the CSPP must be incorporated into the project design and must be reflected in the contract drawings and specifications.

2.6.1 Phase Elements.

For each phase the CSPP should detail:

Areas closed to aircraft operations.

Duration of closures.

Taxi routes and/or areas of reduced TSA and TOFA to reflect reduced ADG use.

ARFF access routes.

Construction staging, disposal, and cleanout areas.

Construction access and haul routes.

Impacts to NAVAIDs.

Lighting, marking, and signing changes.

Available runway length and/or reduced RSA and ROFA to reflect reduced ADG use.

Declared distances (if applicable).

Required hazard marking, lighting, and signing.

Work zone lighting for nighttime construction (if applicable).

Lead times for required notifications.

2.6.2 Construction Safety Drawings.

Drawings specifically indicating operational safety procedures and methods in affected areas (i.e., construction safety drawings) should be developed for each construction phase. Such drawings should be included in the CSPP as referenced attachments and should also be included in the contract drawing package.

2.7 Areas and Operations Affected by Construction Activity.

Runways and taxiways should remain in use by aircraft to the maximum extent possible without compromising safety. Pre-meetings with the FAA ATO will support operational simulations. See Appendix E for an example of a table showing temporary operations versus current operations. The tables in Appendix E can be useful for coordination among all interested parties, including FAA Lines of Business.

2-8

2.7.1 Identification of Affected Areas.

Identifying areas and operations affected by the construction helps to determine possible safety problems. The affected areas should be identified in the construction safety drawings for each construction phase. (See paragraph 2.6.2.) Of particular concern are:

2.7.1.1 Closing, or Partial Closing, of Runways, Taxiways and Aprons, and

Displaced Thresholds.

When a runway is partially closed, a portion of the pavement is unavailable for any aircraft operation, meaning taxiing, landing, or takeoff in either direction on that pavement is prohibited. A displaced threshold, by contrast, is established to ensure obstacle clearance and adequate safety area for landing aircraft. The pavement prior to the displaced threshold is normally available for take-off in the direction of the displacement and for landing and takeoff in the opposite direction. Misunderstanding this difference, may result in issuance of an inaccurate NOTAM, and can lead to a hazardous condition.

2.7.1.1.1 Partially Closed Runways.

The temporarily closed portion of a partially closed runway will generally extend from the threshold to a taxiway that may be used for entering and exiting the runway. If the closed portion extends to a point between taxiways, pilots will have to back-taxi on the runway, which is an undesirable operation. See Figure 2-1 for a desirable configuration.

2.7.1.1.2 Displaced Thresholds.

Since the portion of the runway pavement between the permanent threshold and a standard displaced threshold is available for takeoff and for landing in the opposite direction, the temporary displaced threshold need not be located at an entrance/exit taxiway. See Figure 2-2.

2.7.1.2 Closing of aircraft rescue and fire fighting access routes.

2.7.1.3 Closing of access routes used by airport and airline support vehicles.

2.7.1.4 Interruption of utilities, including water supplies for fire fighting.

2.7.1.5 Approach/departure surfaces…