140R6021R0023_Amendment_No__0003_0003.pdf

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YELLOWTAIL SPILLWAY CONCRETE REPAIR
Solicitation number
140R6021R0023
Issued by

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This document provides details for a federal solicitation to repair concrete at the Yellowtail Spillway. Solicitation number 140R6021R0023 was issued by the Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation to obtain concrete repair services at the Yellowtail Spillway. Interested parties were invited to repair concrete damage at the spillway infrastructure. The solicitation sought vendors to restore the spillway's concrete surfaces and ensure continued safe water release operations. Relevant response dates, award timing, and other procurement specifics were contained in solicitation document 140R6021R0023_Amendment_No__0003_0003.pdf to which this file refers.

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140R6021R0023 x x

1 copies of the amendment; (b) By acknowledging receipt of this amendment on each copy of the offer submitted ; or (c) By separate letter or electronic communication which includes a reference to the solicitation and amendment numbers. FAILURE OF YOUR ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TO BE

RECEIVED AT THE PLACE DESIGNATED FOR THE RECEIPT OF OFFERS PRIOR TO THE HOUR AND DATE SPECIFIED MAY RESULT IN REJECTION OF YOUR

OFFER. If by virtue of this amendment you desire to change an offer already submitted , such change may be made by letter or electronic communication, provided each letter or electronic communication makes reference to the solicitation and this amendment, and is received prior to the opening hour and date specified.

x

R60

11/08/2021

13. THIS ITEM ONLY APPLIES TO MODIFICATION OF CONTRACTS/ORDERS. IT MODIFIES THE CONTRACT/ORDER NO. AS DESCRIBED IN ITEM 14.

12. ACCOUNTING AND APPROPRIATION DATA (If required) is not extended.is extended, Items 8 and 15, and returning

Offers must acknowledge receipt of this amendment prior to the hour and date specified in the solicitation or as amended , by one of the following methods: (a) By completing

The above numbered solicitation is amended as set forth in Item 14. The hour and date specified for receipt of Offers

11. THIS ITEM ONLY APPLIES TO AMENDMENTS OF SOLICITATIONS

FACILITY CODE CODE

10B. DATED (SEE ITEM 13)

10A. MODIFICATION OF CONTRACT/ORDER NO.

9B. DATED (SEE ITEM 11)

9A. AMENDMENT OF SOLICITATION NO.

CODE

8. NAME AND ADDRESS OF CONTRACTOR (No., street, county, State and ZIP Code)

7. ADMINISTERED BY (If other than Item 6)CODE 6. ISSUED BY

Bureau of Reclamation Missouri Basin Region Regional Office PO Box 36900 Billings MT 59107

PAGE OF PAGES

4. REQUISITION/PURCHASE REQ. NO.3. EFFECTIVE DATE2. AMENDMENT/MODIFICATION NO.

5. PROJECT NO. (If applicable)

1. CONTRACT ID CODE

AMENDMENT OF SOLICITATION/MODIFICATION OF CONTRACT

09/01/2021

CHECK ONE A. THIS CHANGE ORDER IS ISSUED PURSUANT TO: (Specify authority) THE CHANGES SET FORTH IN ITEM 14 ARE MADE IN THE CONTRACT

B. THE ABOVE NUMBERED CONTRACT/ORDER IS MODIFIED TO REFLECT THE ADMINISTRATIVE CHANGES (such as changes in paying office, C. THIS SUPPLEMENTAL AGREEMENT IS ENTERED INTO PURSUANT TO AUTHORITY OF:

D. OTHER (Specify type of modification and authority) appropriation data, etc.) SET FORTH IN ITEM 14, PURSUANT TO THE AUTHORITY OF FAR 43.103(b).

E. IMPORTANT: Contractor is not is required to sign this document and return __________________ copies to the issuing office.

ORDER NO. IN ITEM 10A.

16A. NAME AND TITLE OF CONTRACTING OFFICER (Type or print)15A. NAME AND TITLE OF SIGNER (Type or print)

15C. DATE SIGNED 16B. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 15B. CONTRACTOR/OFFEROR 16C. DATE SIGNED

(Signature of person authorized to sign) (Signature of Contracting Officer)

Gerri Voto-Braun

STANDARD FORM 30 (REV. 11/2016)

Prescribed by GSA FAR (48 CFR) 53.243

Previous edition unusable

14. DESCRIPTION OF AMENDMENT/MODIFICATION (Organized by UCF section headings, including solicitation/contract subject matter where feasible.)

Yellowtail Dam Spillway Tunnel Concrete Repair, Apron Protection, and Rockfall Protection System, Yellowtail Unit, Lower Bighorn Division, Pick-Sloan Missouri Basin Program, Montana

See attachment for changes incorporated by this amendment.

Except as provided herein, all terms and conditions of the document referenced in Item 9 A or 10A, as heretofore changed, remains unchanged and in full force and effect .

Amendment No. 0003 Solicitation No. 140R6021R0023

Description of Changes:

1. In the Table of Contents in its entirety and substitute therefor the attached Revised Table of Contents.

2. In Part I – The Schedule, remove the Standard Form (SF) 1442, Solicitation, Offer, and Award, in its entirety and substitute therefor the attached Revised SF 1442.

3. In Part I – The Schedule, in Section C – Description / Specifications, remove Specification 03 30 00 – Cast in Place Concrete in its entirety and substitute therefore the attached Revised Specification 03 30 00.

4. In Part I – The Schedule, in Section C – Description / Specifications, remove Specification 31 23 11 – Earthwork for Structures in its entirety and substitute therefore the attached Revised Specification 31 23 11.

5. In Part I – The Schedule, in Section C – Description / Specifications, remove Specification 51 32 33 – Photographs in its entirety and substitute therefore the attached Revised Specification 51 32 33.

6. In Part I – The Schedule, in Section C – Description / Specifications, within Specification 52 00 00 – Drawings, remove the following drawings and substitute therefor the attached revised drawings:

Sheet No. Drawing No.

3 459-600-60017, Rev 1 dated 11/05/2021 5 459-600-60019, Rev 1 dated 11/05/2021

7. In Part II – Contract Clauses, in Section I – Contract Clauses, remove pages I-14 through I- 62 and substitute therefor the attached Revised pages I-14 through I-62.

8. In Part III – List of Documents, Exhibits, and Other Attachments, remove page J-1 and Attachment No. 1 – General Decision Number MT20210076 in their entirety and substitute therefore the attached Revised page J-1 and Revised Attachment No. 1.

For convenience, essential changes on the revised solicitation pages are indicated by a vertical line within the margin, whereby the lines or paragraphs are changed from the previous version.

However, all portions of the revised solicitation pages shall apply whether changes thereon have been indicated or not.

Acknowledgement: See Block 11 on the Standard Form 30 regarding acknowledgement by offerors to this amendment. The Government requires acknowledgment by offerors to this amendment at the place designated for receipt of proposals. (Please see Block 19 on the Standard Form 1442.)

Solicitation No. 140R6021R0023

Receipt of Proposals: The hour and date for receipt of proposals has been changed to 1:00 PM MST on November 22, 2021.

Third Party: If you have provided a copy of this solicitation to another company or individual, please forward this amendment accordingly.

The attendance list of contractors that attended the organized site visit is attached below.

The list of contractor questions received before 4:00 PM MDT on October 20, 2021, and their respective government answers are attached in this amendment, for information only. The government will not acknowledge additional questions.

Table of Contents - 1 (Revised)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I – THE SCHEDULE

SECTION A -- SOLICITATION, OFFER, AND AWARD, STANDARD FORM 1442

SECTION B -- PRICE SCHEDULE

SECTION C -- DESCRIPTION / SPECIFICATIONS

DIVISION 01 – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

01 11 00 Summary of Work 01 14 10 Use of Site 01 14 12 Workflow Restrictions 01 32 20 Construction Program 01 33 00 Submittals 01 35 10 Safety Data Sheets 01 35 20 Safety and Health 01 35 30 Contractor’s On-site Safety Personnel 01 42 10 Reference Standards 01 46 20 Testing Agency Services 01 51 00 Temporary Utilities 01 55 00 Vehicular Access and Parking 01 56 10 Protection of Existing Installations 01 56 15 Protection of Existing Utilities 01 57 20 Environmental Controls 01 57 30 Water Pollution Control 01 60 00 Product Requirements 01 71 20 Surveying 01 74 00 Cleaning and Waste Management 01 78 30 Project Record Documents

DIVISION 02 – EXISTING CONDITIONS

02 70 10 Removal and Control of Water

DIVISION 03 – CONCRETE

03 11 10 Concrete Forming 03 20 00 Concrete Reinforcing 03 20 30 Grouted Anchor Bars 03 30 00 Cast-In-Place Concrete (Revised) 03 37 10 Shotcrete 03 62 20 Nonshrink Grout for Equipment and Metalwork 03 81 10 Concrete Removal

Table of Contents - 2 (Revised)

DIVISION 05 – METALS

05 12 10 Structural Steel

DIVISION 06 – WOOD, PLASTICS, AND COMPOSITES

06 51 30 FRP Grating System

DIVISION 07 – THERMAL AND MOISTURE PROTECTION

07 92 00 Joint Sealants

DIVISION 31 – EARTHWORK

31 02 10 Water for Dust Abatement 31 23 11 Earthwork for Structures (Revised) 31 32 32 Geotextile

DIVISION 32 – EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS

32 33 23 Rockfall Protection System

DIVISION 33 – EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS

33 46 40 Underslab Drainage

DIVISION 51 – INFORMATION AVAILABLE TO OFFERORS

51 00 00 Information Available to Offerors 51 20 00 Record of Operations 51 32 00 Rockfall Analysis 51 32 33 Photographs (Revised)

DIVISION 52 – DRAWINGS

52 00 00 Drawings

DIVISION 53 – GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS AND RECORDS

53 20 00 Records of Geologic and Subsurface Investigations

SECTION D -- NOT USED

SECTION E -- INSPECTION AND ACCEPTANCE

E.1 52.236-5 Material and Workmanship........................................................ E-1 E.2 52.246-12 Inspection of Construction ......................................................... E-1 E.3 52.246-21 Warranty of Construction .......................................................... E-3

SECTION F – DELIVERIES OR PERFORMANCE

F.1 52.211-10 Commencement, Prosecution, and Completion of Work .......... F-1 F.2 52.211-12 Liquidated Damages .................................................................. F-1 F.3 52.211-13 Time Extensions ......................................................................... F-1 F.4 52.211-18 Variation in Estimated Quantity ................................................ F-1 F.5 52.242-14 Suspension of Work ................................................................... F-2

Table of Contents - 3 (Revised)

SECTION G -- CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION DATA

G.1 1452.201-70 Authorities and Delegations ....................................................... G-1 G.2 WBR 1452.201-80 Contracting Officer’s Representative’s Authorities and Limitations .......................................................................... G-2

G.3 DOI-AAAP-0028 Electronic Invoicing and Payment Requirements – Invoice Processing Platform (IPP) .......................................................... G-3 G.4 DOI-AAAP-0050 Notice to Contractors – Contractor Performance Assessment Reporting System ....................................................................... G-4

SECTION H -- SPECIAL CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS–

H.1 MB-2 Payment for Technical Data ....................................................... H-1 H.2 MB-10 Implementation of Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12 ............................................................ H-1 H.3 MB-12 Unilateral Modifications – Forward Pricing Rate Agreement ... H-1

PART II – CONTRACT CLAUSES

SECTION I – CONTRACT CLAUSES

I.1 52.252-2 Clauses Incorporated by Reference ........................................... I-1 I.2 52.204-21 Basic Safeguarding of Covered Contractor Information Systems .................................................................. I-3 I.3 52.215-8 Order of Precedence -- Uniform Contract Format ..................... I-5 I.4 52.219-6 Notice of Total Small Business Set-Aside ................................. I-5 I.5 52.219-14 Limitations on Subcontracting ................................................... I-6 I.6 52.219-28 Post-Award Small Business Program Rerepresentation ............ I-7 I.7 52.222-23 Notice or Requirement for Affirmative Action to Ensure Equal Employment Opportunity for Construction ..................... I-10 I.8 52.223-3 ALT I Hazardous Material Identification and Material Safety Data – Alternate I ............................................................ I-11 I.9 52.223-9 Estimate of Percentage of Recovered Material Content for EPA Designated Items ............................................................... I-13 I.10 52.223-99 Ensuring Adequate COVID-19 Safety Protocols for Federal

Contractors (Deviation) ............................................................ I-14 I.11 52.225-9 Buy American–Construction Materials ..................................... I-15 I.12 52.228-2 Additional Bond Security .......................................................... I-19 I.13 52.228-15 Performance and Payment Bonds – Construction ..................... I-19 I.14 52.232-5 Payments Under Fixed-Price Construction Contracts ............... I-20 I.15 52.232-27 Prompt Payment for Construction Contracts ............................. I-23 I.16 52.232-40 Providing Accelerated Payments to Small Business Subcontractors ............................................................................ I-32 I.17 52.236-2 Differing Site Conditions ........................................................... I-32 I.18 52.236-4 Physical Data ............................................................................. I-32 I.19 52.236-13 Accident Prevention ................................................................... I-33 I.20 52.236-14 Availability and Use of Utility Services .................................... I-34

Table of Contents - 4 (Revised)

I.21 52.236-21 ALT II Specifications and Drawings for Construction – Alternate II .... I-34 I.22 52.243-4 Changes ...................................................................................... I-35 I.23 52.252-6 Authorized Deviations in Clauses .............................................. I-36 I.24 1452.203-70 Restriction on Endorsements--Department of the Interior ......... I-36 I.25 1452.204-70 Release of Claims--Department of the Interior .......................... I-37 I.26 WBR 1452.209-82 Prohibition on Release of Information – Bureau of Reclamation ............................................................................... I-37 I.27 1452.215-70 Examination of Records by the Department of the Interior ....... I-37 I.28 WBR 1452.215-87 Incorporation of Technical Proposal .......................................... I-37 I.29 WBR 1452.223-80 Asbestos-Free Warranty............................................................. I-38 I.30 WBR 1452.223-81 Safety and Health -- Bureau of Reclamation ............................. I-38 I.31 WBR 1452.223-82 Protecting Federal Employees and the Public from Exposure to Tobacco Smoke in the Federal Workplace -- Bureau of Reclamation ........................................................... I-39 I.32 1452.228-70 Liability Insurance – Department of the Interior ....................... I-39 I.33 WBR 1452.228-84 Certification or Representatives for Corporate Sureties -- Bureau of Reclamation .............................................................. I-40 I.34 WBR 1452.231-81 Equipment Ownership and Operating Expense -- Bureau Of Reclamation .......................................................................... I-40 I.35 WBR 1452.232-80 Limitation of Funds.................................................................... I-42 I.36 WBR 1452.232-81 Payment for Mobilization and Preparatory Work ALT III Alternative III ............................................................................. I-44 I.37 WBR 1452.232-82 Other Invoice Requirements ...................................................... I-46 I.38 WBR 1452.233-81 Claims Accounting -- Bureau of Reclamation ........................... I-46 I.39 WBR 1452.236-8 Other Contracts (APR 1984) (Deviation) .................................. I-46 I.40 WBR 1452.236-84 Preservation of Cultural Resources -- Bureau of Reclamation .. I-47 I.41 WBR 1452.237-80 Security Requirements -- Bureau of Reclamation ..................... I-49 I.42 WBR 1452.243-80 Modification Proposals – Alternative IV -- Bureau of ALT IV Reclamation ............................................................................... I-61

PART III – LIST OF DOCUMENTS, EXHIBITS, AND OTHER ATTACHMENTS

SECTION J – LIST OF DOCUMENTS, EXHIBITS AND OTHER ATTACHMENTS

Attachment No. 1 ...........General Decision Number MT20210076, Modification 3, Oct 22, 2021 Attachment No. 2 ………………..................................................... Standard Form 24 - Bid Bond Attachment No. 3 ……………………………………………………………… Form MB-PIV-1 Attachment No. 4 ………………………………….OF-306 Declaration for Federal Employment Attachment No. 5 ………………………….Limitations of Subcontracting Percentage Worksheet

PART IV – REPRESENTATIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS

SECTION K -- REPRESENTATIONS, CERTIFICATIONS AND OTHER

STATEMENTS OF OFFERORS

K.1 52.204-8 Annual Representations and Certifications ...............................K-1 K.2 52.204-24 Representation Regarding Certain Telecommunications and Video Surveillance Services or Equipment ..............................K-5 K.3 52.209-7 Information Regarding Responsibility Matters ........................K-8

Table of Contents - 5 (Revised)

K.4 52.209-13 Violation of Arms Control Treaties or Agreements- Certification ..............................................................................K-9

SECTION L -- INSTRUCTIONS, CONDITIONS AND NOTICES TO OFFERORS

L.1 52.204-7 System for Award Management ...............................................L-1 L.2 52.204-16 Commercial and Government Entity Code Reporting ..............L-2 L.3 52.204-22 Alternative Line Item Proposal .................................................L-4 L.4 52.211-1 Availability of Specifications Listed in the GSA Index of Federal Specifications, Standards and Commercial Item Descriptions, FPMR Part 101-29 ..............................................L-4 L.5 52.211-2 Availability of Specifications, Standards and Data Item Descriptions Listed in the Acquisition Streamlining and Standardization Information System (ASSIST) ........................L-5 L.6 52.211-6 Brand Name or Equal ................................................................L-5 L.7 52.214-34 Submission of Offers in the English Language ........................L-6 L.8 52.214-35 Submission of Offers in U.S. Currency ....................................L-6 L.9 52.215-1 Instructions to Offerors – Competitive Acquisition ..................L-6 L.10 52.215-20 Requirements for Certified Cost or Pricing Data and Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data ...............................L-11 L.11 52.216-1 Type of Contract .......................................................................L-12 L.12 52.222-5 Construction Wage Rate Requirements – Secondary Site of the Work ........................................................................L-12 L.13 52.225-10 Notice of Buy American - Construction Materials ...................L-12 L.14 52.228-1 Bid Guarantee ...........................................................................L-13 L.15 1452.233-2 Service of Protest – Department of the Interior (Deviation) .....L-14 L.16 52.236-27 ALT I Site Visit (Construction) – Alternate I ......................................L-14 L.17 52.236-28 Preparation of Proposals – Construction...................................L-15 L.18 52.252-1 Solicitation Provisions Incorporated by Reference ...................L-15 L.19 52.252-5 Authorized Deviations in Provisions ........................................L-16 L.20 1452.215-71 Use and Disclosure of Proposal Information Department of the Interior ........................................................L-16 L.21 WBR 1452.215-81 Proposal Instructions – Bureau of Reclamation ........................L-17 L.22 WBR 1452.215-86 Intent to Incorporate Technical Proposal ..................................L-22 L.23 WBR 1452.233-82 Notice of Proposed Partnering – Bureau of Reclamation .........L-23 L.24 WBR 1452.236-86 Instruction for Mobilization and Preparatory Work Schedule Line Item – Multiple Schedules ................................L-23

SECTION M -- EVALUATION FACTORS FOR AWARD

M.1 WBR 1452.215-80 Source Selection Evaluation Procedures – Bureau Of Reclamation ..............................................................................M-1 M.2 WBR 1452.215-82 Evaluation Factors for Award – Quality Predominance ...........M-1 M.3 WBR 1452.225-82 Notice of World Trade Organization Government Procurement Agreement Evaluations – Bureau of Reclamation ....................M-5

END OF CONTENTS

Bureau of Reclamation Missouri Basin Region Regional Office PO Box 36900 Billings MT 59107

Bureau of Reclamation Missouri Basin Region Attn: Gerri Voto-Braun 2021 4th Ave. North Billings MT 59101

Charlee Maurer 406-247-7819

09/01/2021

, Yellowtail Unit, Lower Bighorn Division, Pick-Sloan Missouri Basin Program, Montana

The Magnitude of this project is between $1 Million and $5 Million.

The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code is: 237990, Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction.

The Small Business Size Standard is: $39.5 Million.

The Product or Service Description: PSC - Z2KA, Repair or Alteration of Dams

The project is issued as a Total Small Business Set-Aside.

Proposals are to be submitted via email to camaurer@usbr.gov. Our email server limits attachments to 25 MB per message, therefore offerors may need to submit multiple emails in order to ensure we receive their complete proposal (Volumes 1-3).

Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN):______________________________________ Data Universal Number System (DUNS):_______________________________________ Commercial and Government Entity Code (CAGE):______________________________ within

Paragraph F.1

11/22/2021

X

X

(Revised)

Missouri Basin

Gerri Voto-Braun

The Invoicing Processing Platform (IPP) US Department of Treasury https://www.ipp.gov

Yellowtail Dam Spillway Repairs, Apron Protection, and Rockfall System

See attached Continuation of Section B (CLINS 1-14)

00010 1 AU $________________

Yellowtail Dam Spillway – Tunnel Concrete Repair, Amendment No. 0003

Apron Protection, and Rockfall Protection System Specification No. 60-C0647

Cast-In-Place Concrete

Revised 03 30 00 - 1

SECTION 03 30 00

CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

PART 1 GENERAL

1.01 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

A. Drainage Channel Concrete:

1. Measurement: Volume of concrete measured to structure neatlines shown on drawings for the spillway apron drainage channel.

a. Where concrete is placed on or against excavated surfaces, measurement will be made to lines for which payment for excavation is made.

b. Measurement of other concrete will be made to structure neatlines shown on drawings.

2. Payment: Unit price offered in Price Schedule A. Includes cost of labor and materials for concrete.

a. Includes cost of concrete reinforcement.

B. Include the cost of the concrete to be installed as part of the fiberglass-reinforced plastic

(FRP) grating support system in the price offered in Price Schedule A for the grating support system (refer to Section 06 51 30 – FRP Grating System).

C. Include the cost of concrete used for rockfall attenuator footings in the price offered in

Price Schedule B for the rockfall protection system (refer to Section 32 33 23 – Rockfall

Protection System).

1.02 ACRONYMS

A. NRMCA: National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

1.03 DEFINITIONS

A. Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM): Cementitious materials other than portland cement.

1.04 REFERENCE STANDARDS

A. American Concrete Institute (ACI)

1. ACI 201.2R-16 Guide to Durable Concrete

2. ACI 301-16 Structural Concrete

3. ACI 304R-00(2009) Guide for Measuring, Mixing, Transporting, and Placing Concrete

Cast-In-Place Concrete

Revised 03 30 00 - 2

4. ACI 305.1-14 Hot Weather Concreting

5. ACI 306.1-90(2002) Cold Weather Concreting

6. ACI 318-14 Building Code Requirements for Structural

Concrete

B. ASTM International (ASTM)

1. ASTM C31/C31M-18 Making and Curing Concrete Test

Specimens in the Field

2. ASTM C33/C33M-18 Concrete Aggregates

3. ASTM C39/C39M-18 Compressive Strength of Cylindrical

Concrete Specimens

4. ASTM C42/C42M-16 Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and

Sawed Beams of Concrete

5. ASTM C94/C94M-17a Ready-Mixed Concrete

6. ASTM C114-15 Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement

7. ASTM C117-17 Materials Finer than 75-µm (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing

8. ASTM C136-14 Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse

Aggregates

9. ASTM C138/C138M-17a Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air

Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete

10. ASTM C143/C143M-15a Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete

11. ASTM C150/C150M-17 Portland Cement

12. ASTM C157/C157M-17 Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-

Cement Mortar and Concrete

13. ASTM C171-16 Sheet Materials for Curing Concrete

14. ASTM C231/C231M-17a Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method

15. ASTM C260/C260M-10a(2016) Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete

16. ASTM C309-11 Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for

Curing Concrete

17. ASTM C494/C494M-17 Chemical Admixtures for Concrete

18. ASTM C618-17a Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural

Pozzolan for Use in Concrete

19. ASTM C1017/C1017M-13 Chemical Admixtures for Use in Producing

Flowing Concrete

Revised 03 30 00 - 3

20. ASTM C1064/C1064M-17 Temperature of Freshly Mixed Hydraulic-

Cement Concrete

21. ASTM C1260-14 Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggregates

(Mortar-Bar Method)

22. ASTM C1293-08b(2015) Determination of Length of Change of

Concrete Due to Alkali-Silica Reaction

23. ASTM C1315-11 Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds

Having Special Properties for Curing and

Sealing Concrete

24. ASTM C1567-13 Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica

Reactivity of Combination of Cementitious

Materials and Aggregate (Accelerated

Mortar-Bar Method)

25. ASTM C1602/C1602M-12 Mixing Water Used in the Production of

Hydraulic Cement Concrete

26. ASTM D1751-04(2013) Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for

Concrete Paving and Structural Construction

(Nonextruding and Resilient Bituminous

Types)

C. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE)

1. COE CRD-C 662-10 Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica

Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious

Materials, Lithium Nitrate Admixture and

Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar-Bar

Method)

D. International Concrete Repair Institute (ICRI)

1. ICRI 310.2-2013 Guide for Selecting and Specifying Concrete

Surface Preparation for Sealers, Coatings, and Polymer Overlays (formerly No. 03732)

E. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR)

1. USBR M-47 Guide to Concrete Repair, Second Edition available at https://www.usbr.gov/tsc/techreferences/ma nds/mands-pdfs/Guide2ConcreteRepair2015_Final.pdf

2. USBR Concrete Manual Concrete Manual, Eighth Edition, Revised

Reprint, 1981

F. NSF International (NSF) https://www.usbr.gov/tsc/techreferences/mands/mands-pdfs/Guide2ConcreteRepair2015_Final.pdf https://www.usbr.gov/tsc/techreferences/mands/mands-pdfs/Guide2ConcreteRepair2015_Final.pdf https://www.usbr.gov/tsc/techreferences/mands/mands-pdfs/Guide2ConcreteRepair2015_Final.pdf

Revised 03 30 00 - 4

1. NSF 61-16 Drinking Water System Components –

Health Effects

1.05 SUBMITTALS

A. Submit the following in accordance with Section 01 33 00 – Submittals.

B. RSN 03 30 00-1, Approval Data:

1. Mix Design: For each concrete mix (including those used for the grating support structure and rockfall attenuator footings):

a. Mixture proportions.

b. Material sources.

1) Name and manufacturer of each cementitious material.

2) Name of aggregate source(s).

3) Product name and manufacturer of admixtures to be used in mix.

Certify that admixtures:

a) Contain no purposefully added chlorides.

b) Chloride ion limits in accordance with ACI 201.2R.

4) Government reserves the right to require submission of samples of concrete materials for testing before or during use in concrete.

c. Physical properties:

1) Compressive strength:

a) Test data: ACI 301, paragraph 4.2.3.4.

b) Field test data: Performed within past 24 months.

c) Trial mixtures:

i. Incorporate admixtures that will be used in production mixes into trial mixes.

ii. Results from trial batches made within past 6 months.

iii. Trial mix test results, three six-inch diameter cylinders each at 7 and 28 days.

iv. Average compressive strength of trial batch cylinders at specified design age.

d. Resubmit mix design for change in material source or type.

2. Name and manufacturer of curing compounds.

a. Include application instructions for curing compound.

3. Certifications and test reports:

Revised 03 30 00 - 5

a. Sealed by Professional Engineer.

b. Certifications and test reports:

1) Cementitious materials manufacturer. Less than 3 months old.

2) Aggregate producer for:

a) ASTM C33 physical properties

b) ASR testing reports for each aggregate source.

c) Less than 12 months old.

3) Mixing water: ASTM C1602.

c. Submittal of certifications and test reports shall not relieve Contractor of responsibility for furnishing materials meeting specified requirements.

C. RSN 03 30 00-2, Certifications:

1. NRMCA Certification of Production Facilities. NRMCA certification shall include automatic digital recording of cementitious materials, aggregate, water, and chemical admixtures.

2. ACI Concrete Flatwork Finisher certification(s).

3. ACI Concrete Field Testing Technician certification(s).

4. ACI Concrete Strength Testing Technician certification(s).

D. RSN 03 30 00-3, Test Reports:

1. Concrete test reports as required by Table 03 30 00 C – Field Testing.

E. All other data and drawings pertaining to concrete used for the grating support structure and rockfall attenuator footings shall be submitted under the other applicable section.

1.06 QUALIFICATIONS

A. Ready mix plant:

1. Certified by NRMCA.

a. Include automatic digital recording of cementitious materials, aggregate, water, and chemical admixtures.

b. Remain current throughout project.

B. ACI Concrete Flatwork Finisher: Currently certified as ACI Concrete Flatwork Finisher.

C. ACI Concrete Field Testing Technician: Currently certified ACI Concrete Field Testing

Technician - Grade I.

D. ACI Strength Testing Technician: Currently certified ACI Strength Testing Technician.

Revised 03 30 00 - 6

1.07 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Furnish legible and digitized batch ticket with each batch of concrete in accordance with

ASTM C94. Deliver ticket to COR at jobsite during batch delivery.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.01 CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS

A. Portland cement:

1. ASTM C150, Type II.

a. Meet equivalent alkalies requirements of ASTM C150 – Table 2.

1) Low-alkali limitation for portland cement may be waived when tests of concrete aggregate source show that low-alkali cement is not required for ASR mitigation. See Article 2.03 of this Section.

b. Meet false-set requirements of ASTM C150 – Table 4.

B. SCM: Pozzolan

1. ASTM C618, Class F

a. Except:

1) Sulfur trioxide, maximum: 4.0 percent.

2) Loss on ignition, maximum: 2.5 percent.

b. In addition:

1) Meets Effectiveness in Controlling Alkali-Silica Reaction in Table

3 Supplementary Optional Physical Requirements of ASTM C618.

2) Calcium oxide, maximum: 8.0 percent.

3) Pozzolan “R” factor less than 2.5. Pozzolan with this “R” factor shall not decrease sulfate resistance of concrete.

a) R = (C-5)/F

b) C: Calcium oxide content of pozzolan in percent determined in accordance with ASTM C114.

c) F: Ferric oxide content of pozzolan in percent determined in accordance with ASTM C114.

2.02 WATER

A. ASTM C1602, including optional requirements of Table 2.

Revised 03 30 00 - 7

2.03 AGGREGATE MATERIALS

A. Fine aggregate: ASTM C33

1. Percent material passing No. 200 sieve: Less than 3 percent.

B. Coarse aggregate: ASTM C33, Class 4S, Size No. specified in Article 2.07 of this

Section.

C. Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR):

1. Test fine and coarse aggregates in accordance with ASTM C1260 for potential deleterious ASR.

a. Expansion is no greater than 0.10 percent: Aggregates are acceptable.

b. Expansion is greater than 0.10 percent:

1) Test aggregates according to ASTM C1567 using components (e.g.

coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cementitious materials, and ASR inhibiting admixtures) in proportions proposed for mixture design

a) For mixes using lithium admixtures use test procedure COE

CRD-C 662.

b) Expansion of proposed mixture design test specimens, tested in accordance with ASTM C1567 does not exceed

0.10 percent:

i. Aggregates are acceptable.

c) Expansion of proposed mixture design test specimens is greater than 0.10 percent:

i. Aggregates are not acceptable unless adjustments to mixture design can reduce expansion to less than

0.10 percent, or testing by ASTM C1293 indicates aggregates will not experience deleterious expansion.

2) Use tested materials. Materials may be rejected if they do not match tested materials.

2. ASTM C1293 test results may be substituted for ASTM C1260 test results.

a. Average ASTM C1293 concrete prism expansion less than 0.04 percent at one year: Aggregates acceptable.

D. Appropriate for use in accordance with ASTM C 295.

2.04 ADMIXTURES

A. Air-entraining admixture: ASTM C260.

B. Chemical admixtures:

Revised 03 30 00 - 8

1. Do not use chemical admixtures which contain more than 0.1 percent chloride, by weight.

2. Admixtures shall be compatible with each other.

3. Allowable chemical admixtures:

a. ASTM C494, Type A, D, F, or G.

b. ASTM C1017, Type I or II.

c. ASTM C494, Type C and E, provided they do not contain chlorides.

2.05 CURING MATERIALS

A. Water: ASTM C1602, including optional requirements of Table 2.

B. Curing compound: ASTM C309.

1. Capable of meeting moisture retention at manufacturer’s application rate.

2. Meet Federal, state, and local regulations for VOCs.

C. Sheet materials:

1. Polyethylene film: ASTM C171, white opaque.

2.06 ACCESSORIES

A. Bituminous joint filler: ASTM D1751.

B. Elastomeric sealant: Refer to Section 07 92 00 – Joint Sealants.

2.07 MIX

A. The Contractor shall design and adjust concrete mix.

1. Submit design mixes for each type and strength of concrete substantiated by either laboratory trial batch or field performance methods as specified in ACI 301. For trial batch method, mix shall be proportioned and stamped by a professional engineer.

2. The Government reserves the right to adjust mix proportions when need for adjustment is indicated by results of materials testing.

3. When required, adjustment of mix proportions by the Government will be in accordance with USBR Concrete Manual.

B. Standard Structural Mix:

1. Use specified portland cement, plus 20 ± 5 percent specified pozzolan by weight.

2. Compressive strength (f’c):

a. 4,500 lb/in2 minimum at 28 days.

Revised 03 30 00 - 9

b. Acceptance criteria: In accordance with ASTM C 94, plus 90 percent of test cylinders exceed specified compressive strength at 28 days.

3. Nominal Maximum Size Aggregate: ASTM C33, No. 457 or 57.

4. Net water-cementitious materials ratio (w/c):

a. 0.45 maximum, by weight.

b. Cementitious material weight is cement plus SCM.

5. Slump at point of placement: In accordance with ASTM C143.

a. Concrete in slab: 2 to 4 inches.

b. Concrete in grating support curb: 1 to 3 inches.

c. When first mixed, maximum: 5 inches.

d. Concrete with ASTM C 1017, Type I or II chemical admixtures: Use slump appropriate for placing conditions.

6. Air Entrainment: 4.5 to 7.5 percent air by volume of concrete as discharged at point of placement, in accordance with ASTM C231.

C. Alternate Structural Mix:

1. Meet Montana Department of Transportation (MDOT) Concrete Class

“Structural”, Table 551-3.

2.08 BATCHING, MIXING, AND TRANSPORTING

A. Batch plant: NRMCA-certified with automatic digital recording of cementitious materials, aggregate, water, and chemical admixtures.

B. Manufacture and deliver in accordance with ASTM C94 and ACI C304R.

1. Prepare batch ticket in accordance with ASTM C94 for every batch of concrete.

C. Cold weather: When air temperature has fallen to or is expected to fall below 40 degrees

F, prepare ingredients and mix in accordance with ACI 306.1.

1. Do not use frozen materials or materials containing ice or snow.

2. Uniformly heat water and aggregates before mixing to obtain concrete mixture temperature of not less than 50 degrees F.

D. Hot Weather: When precautions are necessary, prepare ingredients and mix in accordance with ACI 305.1.

1. Cool ingredients before mixing to maintain specified maximum concrete temperature at time of placement.

2. Mixing water may be chilled or chopped ice may be used to control temperature, provided water equivalent of ice is calculated to total amount of mixing water.

Ice replacing batch water shall be melted prior to discharge.

Revised 03 30 00 - 10

3. Using liquid nitrogen to cool concrete is Contractor’s option.

E. Prevent appreciable segregation of ingredients.

F. Place concrete within 90 minutes from introduction of cement to water or aggregates.

2.09 CONCRETE TEMPERATURE

A. Concrete temperature at placing: 50 to 90 degrees F (10 to 32 degrees C).

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.01 PREPARATION

A. Remove standing water, mud, and debris from foundation surfaces to be covered by concrete.

B. Prepare rock surfaces free from oil, objectionable coatings, and loose, semidetached, and unsound fragments. Immediately before placement of concrete, wash rock surfaces with air-water jet and dry to uniform surface-dry condition.

C. Prepare earth foundations free from frost or ice.

D. Thoroughly moisten surfaces of absorptive foundations to be covered with concrete so that moisture will not be drawn from fresh concrete. Keep subgrade moisture uniform

E. Clean, roughen, and surface dry surfaces of existing concrete to be covered with fresh concrete.

1. Remove laitance, loose or defective concrete, coatings, sand, curing compound, and other foreign material.

2. Sandblast, steel shotblast, or high-pressure water jet surfaces, or use other approved methods to create a surface equivalent to or larger than CSP 5 in accordance with ICRI 310.2.

3. Wash surface thoroughly, and surface dry immediately before placement of adjoining concrete.

3.02 PLACING

A. Notify COR at least 24 hours before placing concrete.

B. Place concrete in presence of the On-site Government Representative (OGR).

C. Do not use aluminum pipes and chutes for placing or pumping concrete.

D. Adding water to concrete batch at site will be allowed only once and only when approved by the OGR.

Revised 03 30 00 - 11

1. Additional water shall be added before concrete is discharged.

2. Do not exceed specified water to cement ratio.

3. After water is added, concrete shall be mixed for at least 30 revolutions of mixer drum at mixing speed.

4. Record added water on the batch ticket to nearest gallon.

E. Adding air entraining admixtures to concrete batch at site will be allowed only once when approved by the OGR.

1. After air entraining admixture is added, concrete shall be mixed for minimum of

30 revolutions of mixer drum at mixing speed.

2. Take slump and air content after air-entraining admixture addition and additional revolutions.

3. Record added air entraining admixture on batch ticket to nearest ounce.

F. Do not use concrete which has become so stiff that concrete cannot be properly placed.

G. Place formed concrete in continuous, approximately horizontal layers. Do not exceed 20 inches in depth of layers.

H. Vibrate concrete until concrete has been consolidated to maximum practical density, is free from pockets of coarse aggregate, and closes snugly against surfaces of forms and embedded materials.

I. Hot Weather:

1. Place concrete in accordance with ACI 305.1.

2. Protect reinforcing steel so that steel temperature does not exceed ambient air temperature immediately before placing concrete.

3. Fog spray forms, reinforcing steel, and subgrade just before placing concrete.

Keep subgrade moisture uniform without puddles or dry areas.

J. Cold weather:

1. Place concrete in accordance with ACI 306.1.

2. Do not place concrete on frozen subgrade or subgrade containing frozen materials.

3.03 FINISHING

A. Finish concrete in presence of the OGR.

B. Finish surfaces as specified in Table 03 30 00 D – Formed Surfaces and Table 03 30 00 E

– Unformed Surfaces.

Revised 03 30 00 - 12

C. Where finishes are not specified or shown on drawings for a particular surface, finish concrete as specified for similar work.

D. Formed surfaces:

1. Finish class is designated by symbols F1 and F2.

2. Finish F1:

a. Applies to formed surfaces to be covered by fill material, grout, or concrete, and construction joint surfaces as specified in Table 03 30 00 D

– Formed Surfaces.

b. Protect form tie rod ends on surfaces in contact with fill material from moisture where they will be below water table or waterline.

c. Recess tie rod ends and fill recess with dry pack in accordance with USBR

M-47.

d. Cut off flush with formed surface form tie rod ends on surfaces in contact with concrete or fill material and above maximum water table or waterline elevation.

3. Finish F2:

a. Applies to exposed formed surfaces not permanently concealed by fill material, grout, or concrete, as specified in Table 03 30 00 D – Formed

Surfaces.

b. Recess tie rod ends and fill recess with dry pack in accordance with USBR

M-47.

E. Unformed surfaces:

1. Do not use dry portland cement or additional water during finishing.

2. Do not use “jitterbugs” or other tools to force coarse aggregate away from surface.

3. Finish class is designated by symbols U1 or U2.

4. Finish U1 (Screeded Finish):

a. Applies to unformed surfaces to be covered by fill material, grout, or concrete as specified in Table 03 30 00 E – Unformed Surfaces.

b. Use as first stage of finish U2.

c. After concrete is placed and consolidated, strike off and level concrete to produce even uniform surface.

5. Finish U2 (Floated Finish):

a. Applies to unformed surfaces not permanently concealed by fill material, grout, or concrete, as specified in Table 03 30 00 E – Unformed Surfaces.

b. Begin floating as soon as screeded surface has sufficiently stiffened and bleed water sheen has disappeared.

Revised 03 30 00 - 13

c. Use hand- or power-driven equipment.

d. Finish surface with minimum floating necessary to produce surface that is free of screed marks and is uniform in texture.

6. Slope interior surfaces for drainage where shown on drawings. Slope surfaces exposed to weather for drainage.

7. Slope narrow surfaces, such as tops of walls and curbs, approximately 3/8-inch per foot of width, unless use of other slopes or level surface is indicated on drawings.

8. Slope broader surfaces; such as walks, platform, and decks; approximately

1/4-inch per foot unless use of other slopes or level surfaces is indicated on drawings.

3.04 JOINTS AND EDGES

A. Saw-cut Joints:

1. Saw-cut joints shall be completed within 24 hours following concrete placement.

2. Joints shall have straight, sharp edges and cut to minimum width possible with type of saw used.

3. Minimum depth of saw cuts shall be 1/4 of depth of concrete unless otherwise indicated on the drawings.

4. Early-entry, dry-cut saw cutting is not permitted.

B. Control joints (Ct.J):

1. Control joints are joints placed in concrete to provide for control of initial shrinkage stresses and cracks of monolithic units.

2. Construct control joints so no bond exists between concrete surfaces forming the joint.

a. Construct control joints by placing concrete on one side of joint and allowing it to set before concrete is placed on other side of joint.

b. Coat surface of concrete first placed at control joint with curing compound that prevents bond before placing concrete on other side of joint.

3. Reinforcement is continuous across tooled or saw cut control joints.

C. Contraction joints (Cr.J):

1. Contraction joints are joints placed in concrete to provide for volumetric shrinkage of a monolithic unit or movement between monolithic units.

2. Construct contraction joints so no bond exists between concrete surfaces forming the joint.

Revised 03 30 00 - 14

a. Construct contraction joints by placing concrete on one side of joint and allowing it to set before concrete is placed on other side of joint.

b. Coat surface of concrete first placed at contraction joint with curing compound that prevents bond before placing concrete on other side of joint.

3. Except as provided for dowels, reinforcement is not continuous across a contraction joint.

D. Expansion joints (EJ):

1. Form joint in concrete.

2. Fill joint with bituminous joint filler.

3. Butt sections of filler with tight-fitting butt joints.

E. Edges:

1. Permanently exposed concrete, except slabs and top edges of curbs: Chamfer edges with 45 degree bevel 3/4-inch by 3/4-inch; unless otherwise shown on drawings.

2. Exposed edges of slabs and top edges of curbs: Tool to radius of 1/4 inch.

F. Preformed joints consisting of plastic or metal strips not allowed.

G. Seal joints and edges in accordance with Section 07 92 00 – Joint Sealants.

3.05 STRUCTURAL DEVIATIONS AND SURFACE TOLERANCES

A. Structural deviations are defined as allowable variations from specified lines, grades, and dimensions.

B. Surface tolerances are defined as maximum allowable magnitude of surface irregularities.

C. Specified structural deviations and surface tolerances are consistent with modern construction practice and governed by effects that permissible variations may have upon a structure. CO reserves the right to diminish specified structural deviations and surface tolerances where such variations impair structural action, operational function, or architectural appearance of a structure or portion of structure.

D. Construct concrete within stated variations even though more than one may be specified.

1. Specified variation for one element of a structure will not apply when it will permit another element of same structure to exceed its allowable variation.

2. Where variations are not specified or shown on drawings for a particular structure, variations shall be those specified for similar work. As an exception to clause at FAR 52.236-21 “Specifications and Drawings for Construction,” specific tolerances shown on drawings in connection with dimension shall govern.

Revised 03 30 00 - 15

E. Structural deviations:

1. Check variations from specified lines, grades, and dimensions in hardened concrete to determine that structures are within tolerances specified in Table 03

30 00 A - Deviations from Specified Lines, Grades, and Dimensions.

2. Variation is distance between actual position of structure or element of structure and specified position in plan for structure or particular element.

a. Plus or minus variations, shown as (±), indicate a permitted actual position up or down and in or out from specified position in plan.

b. Variations not designated as (+) or (-) indicate maximum deviation permitted between designated successive points on completed element of construction.

3. Specified position in plan is defined as lines, grades, and dimensions described in these specifications, shown on drawings, or prescribed by CO.

Table 03 30 00 A - Deviations from Specified Lines, Grades, and Dimensions

Feature Dimension Allowable

Deviation

Slabs on Grade Surface elevations and grades shown on drawings ±1/2 inch

Slab thickness +2 inches

-0 inches

Cover over reinforcement +1/2 inch

-0 inches

Curbs Surface elevations shown on drawings ±1/4 inch

Cover over reinforcement +1/4 inch

-0 inches

F. Surface irregularities:

1. Bulges, depressions, and offsets are defined as surface irregularities or roughness.

2. Surface irregularities are classified as “abrupt” or “gradual” and allowable tolerances are specified in Table 03 30 00 B – Surface Tolerances.

a. A surface tolerance is designated by a capital “T” followed by a number 1 through 5.

b. Surface tolerance designations are separate from surface finishes and structural deviations.

3. Abrupt surface irregularities:

a. Abrupt surface irregularities are defined as offsets such as those caused by misplaced or loose forms in which maximum dimension of irregularity perpendicular to surface is greater than maximum dimension of irregularity in plane of surface.

Revised 03 30 00 - 16

b. Abrupt surface irregularities include isolated surface irregularities which exceed specified gradual irregularities.

4. Gradual surface irregularities:

a. Gradual surface irregularities are defined as bulges and depressions resulting in gradual changes on surface.

b. Gradual surface irregularities are further defined as isolated undulations on surface. Maximum dimension of undulation perpendicular to surface is small relative to maximum dimension of undulation in plane of surface.

5. Check magnitude of surface irregularities of formwork and finished surfaces to ensure that surfaces are within specified tolerances.

G. Surface tolerances:

Table 03 30 00 B – Surface Tolerances

Concrete Surface Maximum allowable surface irregularity tolerance

Abrupt Gradual

T1 1 inch 1/4 inch/inch

T2 1/2 inch 1/8 inch/inch

T3 1/4 inch 1/16 inch/inch

T4 1/8 inch 1/32 inch/inch

T5 1/32 inch 1/120 inch/inch

H. Repair of hardened concrete not within specified tolerances:

1. Repair hardened concrete which is not within specified tolerances to bring it within those tolerances.

2. Perform repair after repair method is approved. Notify COR when repair will be performed.

3. Repair concrete which will be exposed to view in manner which will result in concrete surface with uniform appearance.

a. When grinding surfaces exposed to view, limit depth of grinding such that no aggregate particles are exposed more than 1/16 inch in cross section at finished surface.

b. Where grinding has caused or will cause exposure of aggregate particles greater than 1/16 inch in cross section at finished surface, repair concrete by excavating and replacing concrete.

I. Field verification of surface tolerances:

1. Determine compliance of surface with specified surface tolerances.

Revised 03 30 00 - 17

2. Evaluate surface roughness.

a. Measure roughness height or depth and check for compliance with values specified in Table 03 30 00 A - Deviations from Specified Lines, Grades, and Dimensions and Table 03 30 00 B – Surface Tolerances.

b. When measured height or depth of roughness is less than value in abrupt tolerance specification and height or depth of roughness does not cause structure to exceed applicable value specified in Table 03 30 00 A -

Deviations from Specified Lines, Grades, and Dimensions, surface roughness is acceptable.

c. When roughness height or depth exceeds abrupt tolerance specification, determine roughness slope for comparison to gradual tolerance specification.

1) Measure roughness length and determine roughness slope by dividing roughness height or depth by roughness length (see

Figure 1).

2) When roughness slope is greater than slope specified by gradual tolerance specification, surface roughness is unacceptable.

3) When roughness slope is less than gradual slope specified and gradual roughness does not cause structure to exceed allowable structural deviations, surface roughness is acceptable.

J. Measuring surface roughness:

1. Examples below illustrate how to make necessary surface measurements for typical roughness.

2. Case 1 – Roughness Protruding above Surface:

a. Measure roughness protruding above surface with straightedge that is at least 20 times longer than roughness height being measured.

b. Position straightedge with one end resting on top of roughness, as shown in Figure 2 (case 1).

c. Determine roughness height by measuring maximum…

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