Sol_140P1120Q0049_Amd_0001.pdf

(x)

140P1120Q0049 x x

1 copies of the amendment; (b) By acknowledging receipt of this amendment on each copy of the offer submitted ; or (c) By separate letter or electronic communication which includes a reference to the solicitation and amendment numbers. FAILURE OF YOUR ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TO BE

RECEIVED AT THE PLACE DESIGNATED FOR THE RECEIPT OF OFFERS PRIOR TO THE HOUR AND DATE SPECIFIED MAY RESULT IN REJECTION OF YOUR

OFFER. If by virtue of this amendment you desire to change an offer already submitted , such change may be made by letter or electronic communication, provided each letter or electronic communication makes reference to the solicitation and this amendment, and is received prior to the opening hour and date specified.

x

PHF

Harpers Ferry WV 25425 IDC Building 67 Mather Place NPS, HFC - Acquisition Management

08/14/20200001

13. THIS ITEM ONLY APPLIES TO MODIFICATION OF CONTRACTS/ORDERS. IT MODIFIES THE CONTRACT/ORDER NO. AS DESCRIBED IN ITEM 14.

12. ACCOUNTING AND APPROPRIATION DATA (If required) is not extended.is extended, Items 8 and 15, and returning

Offers must acknowledge receipt of this amendment prior to the hour and date specified in the solicitation or as amended , by one of the following methods: (a) By completing

The above numbered solicitation is amended as set forth in Item 14. The hour and date specified for receipt of Offers

11. THIS ITEM ONLY APPLIES TO AMENDMENTS OF SOLICITATIONS

FACILITY CODE CODE

10B. DATED (SEE ITEM 13)

10A. MODIFICATION OF CONTRACT/ORDER NO.

9B. DATED (SEE ITEM 11)

9A. AMENDMENT OF SOLICITATION NO.

CODE

8. NAME AND ADDRESS OF CONTRACTOR (No., street, county, State and ZIP Code)

7. ADMINISTERED BY (If other than Item 6)CODE 6. ISSUED BY

PAGE OF PAGES

4. REQUISITION/PURCHASE REQ. NO.3. EFFECTIVE DATE2. AMENDMENT/MODIFICATION NO. 5. PROJECT NO. (If applicable)

1. CONTRACT ID CODE

AMENDMENT OF SOLICITATION/MODIFICATION OF CONTRACT

07/29/2020

CHECK ONE A. THIS CHANGE ORDER IS ISSUED PURSUANT TO: (Specify authority) THE CHANGES SET FORTH IN ITEM 14 ARE MADE IN THE CONTRACT

B. THE ABOVE NUMBERED CONTRACT/ORDER IS MODIFIED TO REFLECT THE ADMINISTRATIVE CHANGES (such as changes in paying office, C. THIS SUPPLEMENTAL AGREEMENT IS ENTERED INTO PURSUANT TO AUTHORITY OF:

D. OTHER (Specify type of modification and authority) appropriation data, etc.) SET FORTH IN ITEM 14, PURSUANT TO THE AUTHORITY OF FAR 43.103(b).

E. IMPORTANT: Contractor is not is required to sign this document and return __________________ copies to the issuing office.

ORDER NO. IN ITEM 10A.

14. DESCRIPTION OF AMENDMENT/MODIFICATION (Organized by UCF section headings, including solicitation/contract subject matter where feasible.)

North Cascades National Park Service Complex

Amendment 0001

The purpose of this amendment is to provide a response to questions received by the due date outlined in the solicitation in accordance with the attached Description of

Amendment/Modification consisting of 12 pages.

Legacy Doc #: NPS

16A. NAME AND TITLE OF CONTRACTING OFFICER (Type or print)15A. NAME AND TITLE OF SIGNER (Type or print)

15C. DATE SIGNED 16B. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 15B. CONTRACTOR/OFFEROR 16C. DATE SIGNED

(Signature of person authorized to sign) (Signature of Contracting Officer)

Jason Albright

STANDARD FORM 30 (REV. 11/2016)

Prescribed by GSA FAR (48 CFR) 53.243

Previous edition unusable

Except as provided herein, all terms and conditions of the document referenced in Item 9 A or 10A, as heretofore changed, remains unchanged and in full force and effect .

Amendment 000001 Request for Quote Number 140P1120Q0049 Interpretive Video North Cascades National Park Service Complex

DESCRIPTION OF AMENDMENT/MODIFICATION

The following are a list of questions and answers furnished in response to the Solicitation Number 140P1120Q0049, Interpretive Video for North Cascades National Park Service Complex.

Question 1: Can the government provide an explanation as to why the previous contract was terminated? This information may be relevant to allow us to provide a better response to this new

RFP.

A. There is no information regarding performance of any previous requirements that would be considered relevant to this requirement.

Question 2: Is there existing footage from the previous contract that we would be able to use?

A. No.

Question 3: Pg 6. II.1.A.2.i: Interviews: Have interviewees already been identified? For budgeting purposes, are the interviewees local to the park, or should we anticipate travel elsewhere?

A. Interviewees have not been identified.

Question 4: Pg 53. XX: This states that all volumes shall be submitted electronically via email.

However on Pg 56. Factor C.1 it states that USBs with our samples are required. Can you clarify?

A. Section XX. INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PREPARATION OF QUOTES, VOLUME C – SAMPLES OF WORK is amended as follows:

FROM:

FACTOR C – SAMPLES OF WORK

Samples shall demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed personnel and designated subcontractors to successfully produce programming that is similar in scope and complexity to the North Cascades shows. Any material beyond the allotted maximum number of minutes will not be evaluated or considered.

Samples of works shall be submitted in the following format:

1. All samples of work, including the one-page overviews shall be submitted on two, duplicate, multi-platform Universal Serial Bus (USB) Flash Drives.

All files on the USB Flash Drive shall be readable on both a Windows PC and a Mac using standard office software. Alternatively, the contractor

Interpretive Video may submit 4 drives – two formatted for a Mac, and two formatted for a Windows PC. The USB Flash Drive shall be encrypted, and the contractor shall submit a password to access the files.

2. The USB Flash Drive shall be clearly labeled.

3. Links to Internet URLs shall not be considered.

4. The total combined running time for the video samples shall be no longer than 25 minutes.

5. All work included as samples shall have been released within the last eight years. (Relevant work that is older than eight years may be noted in the management plan.)

6. For each project featured as an example in the Sample groups 1-6, include a one-page overview. If a project is featured in more than one category, submit only one overview. The overview for each project shall include the following:

a. Title of full program

b. Sample group represented (1 to 5)

c. Names and titles of Key Personnel represented in the project

d. Year of completion

e. Location(s) of filming

f. Program distribution

g. Length of show

h. A statement of how the project demonstrates the ability of the proposed personnel to perform work under this contract

i. A statement indicating if any indigenous communities, land management agencies, or other relevant groups were involved in the project.

j. File name of excerpt on Flash Drive (or time code if presented as one demo reel)

TO:

FACTOR C – SAMPLES OF WORK

Samples shall demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed personnel and designated subcontractors to successfully produce programming that is similar in scope and complexity to the North Cascades shows. Any material beyond the allotted maximum number of minutes will not be evaluated or

Interpretive Video

All files on the USB Flash Drive shall be readable on both a Windows PC and a Mac using standard office software. Alternatively, the contractor may submit 4 drives – two formatted for a Mac, and two formatted for a Windows PC. The USB Flash Drive shall be encrypted, and the contractor shall submit a password to access the files. Alternatively, web links to internet URLs which provide access to view and download samples online may be included within Volume I – Technical Capability.

2. The USB Flash Drive and/or web links shall be clearly labeled.

3. Links to Internet URLs shall only be considered if they provide access to both view and download sample files.

4. The total combined running time for the video samples shall be no longer than 25 minutes.

5. All work included as samples shall have been released within the last eight years. (Relevant work that is older than eight years may be noted in the management plan.)

6. For each project featured as an example in the Sample groups 1-6, include a one-page overview. If a project is featured in more than one category,

c. Names and titles of Key Personnel represented in the project

d. Year of completion

e. Location(s) of filming

f. Program distribution

g. Length of show

h. A statement of how the project demonstrates the ability of the proposed personnel to perform work under this contract

i. A statement indicating if any indigenous communities, land management agencies, or other relevant groups were involved in the project.

j. File name of excerpt (or time code if presented as one demo reel)

Question 5: Pg 64. XXI.A.3.e: Factor B – Letters of Recommendation: "Preference will be given to offerors that provide letters that are regionally relevant." Can the contracting office provide an explanation for this requirement, as it appears to unduly restrict competition?

A. Regional relevance is not a requirement, it is something that could be considered a strength as opposed to letters of recommendation that are not regionally relevant.

Proposals shall be evaluated holistically based on their overall strengths and weaknesses.

Interpretive Video

Question 6: Please confirm that aerial filming must take place from a crewed aircraft with gyrostabilized camera system, and not a drone (UAS)?

A. Confirmed. Refer to page 26, Section II.2.C.2.e) Aerial Filming for specifications.

Question 7: On page 51, XIX. PAYMENT SCHEDULE, line C, there is reference to a Marketing and Distribution Plan, however this does not appear anywhere else. Can you confirm that a Marketing and Distribution Plan is not part of the scope, and that instead we simply have to produce the Press Kit referenced on page 33?

A. Section XIX. Payment Schedule, is amended as follows:

FROM:

C. Upon completion and acceptance of Treatment, Production Plan, and Marketing and Distribution Plan $________

C. Upon completion and acceptance of Treatment and Production Plan $________

Question 8: The Scope of Work, particularly the Production Phase, carries significant up-front cost (such as the helicopter crew and fuel), will the Contractor have the ability to allocate funds during Pre-Production to pay for these costs? or will the Contractor need to invoice for these services at the conclusion of each shoot per the Payment Schedule (Page 51 of 112).

A. Advance payments shall not be authorized. However, Progress Payments may be permitted.

Section XXIV CLAUSES INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE is amended to add the following clause:

FAR 52.232-16 – Progress Payments, Alternate I

Question 9: According to the Payment Schedule (Page 51 of 112), firm and fixed payment is rendered upon completion of each Production Package within each season. If there are multiple shoots happening within a given season, for example 5 shoots in Winter of 2021 - will the Contractor's payment be rendered once or five times?

A. Section XXIV CLAUSES INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE is amended to add the following clause:

FAR 52.232-16 – Progress Payments, Alternate I

Interpretive Video

Question 10: Under UAS requirements (Page 27 of 112), the Contractor MUST have an NPS representative present at all times during the use of a UAS. Will this representative be able to travel with the production team to a proposed location or will they be held to a certain location? For example, the proposed UAS location is in a remote area of the wilderness that takes a few days to reach by foot.

A. The NPS shall designate a representative capable of traveling with the production team to a proposed and approved location regardless of the remoteness.

Question 11: As a majority of the park is a designated wilderness, will the permitting process be subject to the additional screening process typical of NPS permitting? If so, will the Park aid in the expediting of such screenings?

A. Refer to Section II.1.A.13. Park Assistance and Resources. The park shall assist with all permitting.

Question 12: If the Contractor is not able to procure a Letter of Recommendation from an Indigenous Tribe (Page 55 of 112), specifically for a production handled by the Proposed Producer or Director, will the Contractor receive a negative evaluation on the basis of not having one? Or will the Contractor receive a Neutral Rating? Will this automatically disqualify the Contractor from potential award?

A. Refer to Section XXI.A. Volume I – Technical Capability “2. Any information requested in Section XX.A Volume I Technical Capacity that is either not included in the proposal or does not meet the specifications will be noted as a weakness, significant weakness, or deficiency.”

A weakness does not automatically disqualify an offeror from a potential award.

Proposals shall be evaluated holistically based on their overall strengths and weaknesses.

Question 13: Under the Marketing & Distribution Phase (Page 33 of 112), the RFQ requires a minimum of 40 Images or Graphics - Are the graphics simply overlaid text? Or is the NPS looking for branded graphic design?

A. Graphics shall be professional and in keeping with the film title graphics. There are no specifications.

Interpretive Video

Question 14: Can the Contractor anticipate any changes to the Scope of Work, Period of Performance, or Deliverable requirements due to the unforeseen nature of COVID-19? How should the Contractor anticipate any measures, such as travel restrictions, quarantine requirements, etc.

that must be taken to safely perform the Scope of Work?

A. Offerors shall assume no COVID-19 related restrictions or requirements. Unforeseen circumstances will be evaluated and addressed as needed during the course of the contract. Refer to FAR Clause 52.243-1 Changes-Fixed-Price.

Question 15: In regards to the Evaluation Criteria stating that preference will be given to Respondents with awards and accolades (Page 66 of 112), as these awards can be subjective, please clarify on the weight of these honors/awards and the impact it has on a respondent's award.

A. “Significant professional honors or awards” are not a requirement, they are something that could represent a strength. Proposals will be evaluated holistically based on their overall strengths and weaknesses.

Question 16: As this is a large Period of Performance spanning over two years, is there an anticipated award date?

A. No. Refer to FAR Clause 52.232-18 Availability of Funds. Also refer to Section XX INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PREPARATION OF QUOTES, paragraph D.4

ACCEPTANCE PERIOD.

Question 17: Is there an order of magnitude budget that can be share?

A. The Government shall not disclose the budget.

Question 18: On page 27 of the solicitation, f. Specialized Dynamic Camera Motion -- we are under the assumption that UAS (drone) flights are currently not permitted by NPS. Please clarify.

A. UAS flights are not currently permitted based on Department of Interior restrictions.

If those restrictions are lifted, the park is able to work with the contractor on an NPS permit.

Question 19: Is this the same project as was bid in solicitation 140P1118R0034 and awarded? If so, why is this film being re-released to bid?

A. The scope and requirements of the project have changed.

Interpretive Video

Question 20: Please confirm that audio description is in English only.

A. Confirmed.

Question 21: In the event that Covid travel restrictions are in place during the time of the post-award meeting, will this meeting be held virtually or postponed?

A. The contractor, park, and COR will evaluate restrictions associated with COVID-19 at the time of award and develop a plan based on relevant factors such as the location of everyone involved, restrictions, the time of year, and other considerations. Offerors shall assume no COVID-19 related restrictions or requirements. Unforeseen circumstances will be evaluated and addressed as needed during the course of the contract. . Refer to FAR Clause 52.243-1 Changes-Fixed-Price.

Question 22: Can you please clarify our scope during the Marketing and Distribution Phase on page 33 -- are we responsible for marketing this film and sending it to distributors?

A. The contractor is not responsible for marketing the film or sending it to distributors.

The contractor is responsible for the Press Kit and DVD and Blu-ray Replicating Master and packaging design as specified.

Question 23: Where are you planning to distribute this film/what are your aims for its distribution?

A. The film is intended for screening in visitor centers within the North Cascades National Park Service Complex. The film may also be screened in other locations or made available online based on evolving interpretive needs.

Question 24: The Press Kit (pg 33, E.1.2 of the solicitation) mentions a teaser/trailer (30-90 seconds in length). Please confirm that this is a separate deliverable than the optional 2-3 minute promotional trailer on page 39.

A. Yes, it is a separate deliverable.

Question 25: If we are including multiple DPs among our personnel, how does that impact the requirements for Sample Group 2 on page 57?

A. VOLUME I – TECHNICAL CAPABILITY - FACTOR A – Creative and Technical Approach and Level of Effort. This section shall include a detailed description of how multiple Directors of Photography (DPs) will be used.

Interpretive Video

If there are assistant camera operators, but one DP who serves as the primary cinematographer, then only the DP should be reflected in the Sample Group and Key Personnel.

If the intent in having multiple DPs is because they bring different strengths to the project, for example filming people verses wildlife, that should be detailed in Factor A, and the Sample Group and Key Personnel information shall reflect these specific strengths.

If the intent in having multiple DPs is so that they are interchangeable and one DP may not be involved with the project, that should be detailed in Factor A, and a separate Sample Group and Key Personnel information shall be submitted for each DP. The overall proposal will be evaluated based on the weakest DP.

Question 26: Please confirm that we are sending the USBs with Sample Groups to 67 Mather Place IDC Building, Harpers Ferry WV 25425.

A. That is the correct address if sending USBs with Sample Groups.

Section XX. INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PREPARATION OF QUOTES, VOLUME C – SAMPLES OF WORK is amended as follows:

FROM:

FACTOR C – SAMPLES OF WORK

Samples shall demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed personnel and designated subcontractors to successfully produce programming that is similar in scope and complexity to the North Cascades shows. Any material beyond the allotted maximum number of minutes will not be evaluated or

All files on the USB Flash Drive shall be readable on both a Windows PC and a Mac using standard office software. Alternatively, the contractor may submit 4 drives – two formatted for a Mac, and two formatted for a Windows PC. The USB Flash Drive shall be encrypted, and the contractor shall submit a password to access the files.

2. The USB Flash Drive shall be clearly labeled.

3. Links to Internet URLs shall not be considered.

Interpretive Video

4. The total combined running time for the video samples shall be no longer than 25 minutes.

5. All work included as samples shall have been released within the last eight years. (Relevant work that is older than eight years may be noted in the management plan.)

6. For each project featured as an example in the Sample groups 1-6, include a one-page overview. If a project is featured in more than one category,

c. Names and titles of Key Personnel represented in the project

d. Year of completion

e. Location(s) of filming

f. Program distribution

g. Length of show

h. A statement of how the project demonstrates the ability of the proposed personnel to perform work under this contract

i. A statement indicating if any indigenous communities, land management agencies, or other relevant groups were involved in the project.

j. File name of excerpt on Flash Drive (or time code if presented as one demo reel)

FACTOR C – SAMPLES OF WORK

Samples shall demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed personnel and designated subcontractors to successfully produce programming that is similar in scope and complexity to the North Cascades shows. Any material beyond the allotted maximum number of minutes will not be evaluated or

All files on the USB Flash Drive shall be readable on both a Windows PC and a Mac using standard office software. Alternatively, the contractor may submit 4 drives – two formatted for a Mac, and two formatted for a

Interpretive Video

Windows PC. The USB Flash Drive shall be encrypted, and the contractor shall submit a password to access the files. Alternatively, web links to internet URLs which provide access to view and download samples online may be included within Volume I – Technical Capibility.

2. The USB Flash Drive and/or web links shall be clearly labeled.

3. Links to Internet URLs shall only be considered if they provide access to both view and download sample files.

4. The total combined running time for the video samples shall be no longer than 25 minutes.

5. All work included as samples shall have been released within the last eight years. (Relevant work that is older than eight years may be noted in the management plan.)

6. For each project featured as an example in the Sample groups 1-6, include a one-page overview. If a project is featured in more than one category,

c. Names and titles of Key Personnel represented in the project

d. Year of completion

e. Location(s) of filming

f. Program distribution

g. Length of show

h. A statement of how the project demonstrates the ability of the proposed personnel to perform work under this contract

i. A statement indicating if any indigenous communities, land management agencies, or other relevant groups were involved in the project.

j. File name of excerpt (or time code if presented as one demo reel)

Question 27: Attachment H – Park Brochure is not available on www.beta.SAM.gov.

A. Attachment H – Park Brochure has been provided as an attachment to this Amendment.

North Cascades National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior

North Cascades National Park Ross Lake National Recreation Area Lake Chelan National Recreation Area Washington wl

Nature is not a place to visit.

It is home.

Mounting Effects of Incremental Change By altering Earth’s atmosphere, we are physically and biologically transforming our world. Viewed in the continuum of the planet’s 4.5-billion-year history, the changes of the last few decades are sudden and extreme.

How trees and plants respond to changes in climate will vary depending on eleva-tion, direction of exposure, and other factors. At lower elevations, warmer and drier summers may result in increased tree mortality. Smaller trees are likely to succumb first.

At higher elevations, warmer tempera-tures will melt snow earlier. The longer growing season will allow trees like sub-alpine fir to establish up-slope. The tree islands characteristic of subalpine park-land will expand, displacing flower fields and changing animal habitats. As snow-fields melt, some shrubs and herbaceous plants may also move up in elevation—if they can find enough soil.

Drought and higher temperatures will stress many trees, allowing diseases, native insects, and non-native pests to spread more quickly. For example, almost two-thirds of the park’s whitebark pine, an important tree in subalpine meadows, now suffer from a non-native blister rust.

While some changes may be hard to see, one looms large. The glaciers of the North Cascades range are shrinking (right). As less ice and snow build up in winter, more melting occurs in summer.

North Cascades is studded by glaciers and lakes, blanketed by forests, and threaded by rivers. Steep, nearly vertical slopes converge in narrow river valleys that offer ways into the wilderness. You may think it is an immutable place, outside time. But in the remote reaches of the park and its inhabited areas, ecosystems and the species at home in them now show effects of human interven-tion or actions.

The Pulse of Two Rivers

Gary Snyder, poet, 1952

20161960

Photos (right) show that Banded Glacier melted back dramatically between 1960 and 2016. The park’s glaciers have been closely monitored since 1993. In Skagit Valley, which makes up 75 percent of the park, glacial volume has decreased by 800 billion gallons of water since 1959.

NPS

Aerial view of Mt. Goode in winter (above).

© STEPHEN MATERA

Skagit River Stehekin River

Stehekin Area Detail

WEST SIDE Over 370 glaciers now feed the Skagit River in late summer, when little other runoff occurs. The glacial melt helps fills Gorge, Diablo, and Ross Lakes (map, other side). All three lakes are dammed, with hydroelectricity generating stations that power the city of Seattle. But the dams block the downriver movement of sediment and large debris, like tree roots and limbs, which contribute to salmon habitat.

EAST SIDE East of the Pacific Crest, snowfields and 19 named glaciers, which cover 4,875 acres, feed the Stehekin River (map, below right), which rushes into Lake Chelan. With a depth of 1,459 feet, the lake is 359 feet below sea level. As storms become more frequent and intense, increases in the Stehekin’s volume can cause severe spring floods in the river valley.

FISHERIES The Skagit River supports all five Pacific salmon species—chinook, coho, sockeye, chum, and pink. The salm-on runs—when the fish leave the Salish Sea and swim upriver to spawn—have declined, in part because of shifts in river temperatures and volumes. Other factors are tide gates that block passage by young salmon and dikes that prevent salt water from overwashing former marsh-lands, which are prime salmon habitat.

The culture, economy, and community life of the Upper Skagit, Sauk-Suiattle, Swinomish, and other Pacific Northwest tribes are closely linked to the periodic salmon runs, which bring rhythm and a sense of plenitude to people’s lives. To help stabilize the salmon populations, sport, tribal, and non-tribal commercial fisheries have reduced their catches.

More measures may be needed before the populations return to healthy levels.

The availability and timing of water affect delicate cycles of growth for trees, herbaceous plants, and pollinators in the Stehekin valley. Apple farming is a main-stay of central Washington’s economy.

When fruit trees blossom, mature insects must be available to pollinate them, or the trees will not set fruit. Flooding can interrupt these cycles.

Stehekin is home to Buckner Orchard, planted in 1912 and managed as a family business into the 1950s. It continues to produce Common Delicious apples (be-low) and two other original varieties: Red Rome Beauty and Jonathan. The National Park Service manages the 50-acre orchard with the Buckner Homestead Heritage Foundation and the Stehekin community.

The orchard’s gravity flow irrigation sys-tem, fed by snowpack, is still in use today.

Drought may become a bigger threat to Buckner Orchard as climate change leads to a reduced volume of water.

Power in Wilderness

Hikers on the Sahale Arm Trail (right).

© KATIE MILLS

In the last century, civil engineers real-ized the potential of the Skagit River to generate power for the region. They yoked the wild river to technology, dam-ming the river in three places along State Route 20 (other side) and created Gorge, Diablo, and Ross lakes (1924, 1930, and 1949). The original Gorge Dam was small, built from rocks and logs; the present dam dates from the 1960s. The Diablo generators (built 1930), had the greatest capacity of any in the world. The publicly owned Seattle City Light hydropower project continues to operate today.

As you step off the paved highway, the infrastructure and technology that link North Cascades to nearby urban areas quickly recede from sight and mind. You enter a spectacular landscape, its terrain ever more difficult as you hike deeper into the Stephen Mather Wilderness (map, other side). Its more than 680,000 acres, with nearly limitless opportunities for solitude, discovery, and exploration, are part of everyone’s legacy.

In the exhilarating wilderness of North Cascades, you can also find evidence of the interdependent nature of species.

Here and elsewhere, dramatic, human-induced changes in Earth’s atmosphere have led species, including our own, to respond in a chorus of adaptations.

For decades scientists have inventoried and monitored species and their habitats in the North Cascades range. The com-piled record of change shows that some will adapt and survive, others may die— and that the outcome is uncertain.

Above: Picking Common Delicious apples (left) at Buckner Orchard

This leads to less water in the Skagit and Stehekin rivers in summer and to further local and regional repercussions.

Stakes are high. Rivers, lakes, forests, and wildlife depend on snow and glacial melt, as do people. In the Pacific North-west, snow and ice are critical resources that contribute water for drinking, irri-gation, hydropower, recreation, and life.

Pacific Northwest tribes fishing the rivers with gill nets

Pre-contact stone weight for gill net

Sockeye salmon

USFWS / TIM KNEPP

The opaque blue water of Diablo Lake comes from glacial ‘flour’ (pulverized rock), carried to the Salish Sea by the Skagit River © SOON KIM

Coho salmon

© 2002 JOSEPH R. TOMELLERI

Stehekin River

NPS / DEBY DIXON

Cedar trees along the Skagit River

© EVERYONE’S TRAVEL CLUB

Clark’s nutcracker (below) depends on the whitebark pine as a food source and the whitebark pine de-pends on the Clark’s nutcracker to disperse and sow its seeds. If a tree succumbs to blis-ter rust and dies, the birds’ food supply shrinks. © PAUL WYMAN

NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE AMERI-

CAN INDIAN

BUCKNER HOMESTEAD

HERITAGE FOUNDATION

UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON LIBRARIES,

SPECIAL COLLECTIONS, UW 39065

Pink salmon

USFWS / TIM KNEPP

Stephen Mather Wilderness

Alpine and Subalpine Species

Wilderness Congress has protected over 94 percent of North Cascades National Park Service Complex as wilderness under the 1964 Wilder-ness Act. For information about the National Wilderness Preservation System, visit www.wilderness.net.

To learn about National Park Service facilities, activities, and trails, visit park headquarters in Sedro-Woolley or visitor and information centers in Newhalem, Marblemount, Stehekin, and Glacier. Books, maps, and gift items are sold at these locations.

Trails and Hiking Trails at lower elevations are usually free of snow from April to mid-October.

Most trails at higher elevations are clear by mid-July.

Camping Vehicle-access campgrounds are at Goodell Creek, Newhalem Creek, Colonial Creek, Gorge Lake, and Hozomeen. Some sites may be reserved in advance, while others are first-come, first-served. For additional informa-tion check recreation.gov. • For all boat-in campsites on Diablo and Ross lakes, backcoun-try permits are required year-round. See the park website for additional information.

Accommodations Lodging is available on Ross Lake, in Stehekin, and in nearby communities.

Boating Find boat launches for Gorge Lake near the town of Diablo, for Diablo Lake at Colonial Creek Campground, and for Ross Lake at Hozomeen (accessible only from Canada, not from State Route 20). • Ross Lake Resort rents canoes, kayaks, and small motorboats, and offers portage service between Diablo and Ross lakes. • Chelan, Manson, and Lake Chelan and Twenty-five Mile State Parks offer boat access to Lake Chelan. • Summer boaters on Lake Chelan must purchase dock passes to use US Forest Service or National Park Service docks.

Fishing and Hunting Washington state fishing and hunting licenses are required; state laws apply. • Hunting is allowed only in Lake Chelan and Ross Lake National Recreation Areas.

• Trapping is prohibited.

Safety In all seasons, weather can change quickly and lake water temperatures are extremely cold. • Treat all water from creeks, rivers, and lakes before drinking. • Use caution when crossing streams, especially in spring and during rainfall. • For firearms regulations check the park website.

Food storage Food and other odorous items (including toothpaste and fuel) will attract bears and other wildlife. Store items in park-provided containers or hard-sided vehicles. • If you plan to camp in backcountry sites, borrow a bear-resistant canister from a park information center, or hang items. • Do not feed wildlife.

Accessibility Park staff strive to make facilities, services, and programs accessible to all; call or check park website.

✩GPO:20xx—xxx-xxx/xxxxx Reprint 20xx Printed on recycled paper.

More Information North Cascades National Park Service Complex 810 State Route 20 Sedro-Woolley, WA 92824 360-854-7200 www.nps.gov/noca

To reach the park, drive scenic State Route 20 from Burlington to the west or Twisp to the east. The only vehicle access to Ross Lake is by unimproved road, from Canada. You cannot drive to Stehekin; access is by passenger ferry, floatplane, or trail.

Plan Your Visit Pikas, marmots, and wolverines are mam-mals that require higher elevation habi-tats with mild, short summers and long winters with deep snowpack. Pikas live in subalpine zones, on slopes covered with loose rock (talus) that gives them shelter from summer heat. They forage in sur-rounding meadows and gather ‘haypiles’

Emergencies call 911

North Cascades Nation al Park and Ross Lake and Lake Chelan National Recreation Areas are three of over 400 parks in the National Park System. To learn more about national parks, visit www.nps.gov.

State Route 20 Detail to eat in winter. Rising temperatures may prevent pikas from seeking and collecting food they need to survive the winter.

To survive long winters in hibernation, the marmot, a subalpine species, needs deep snowpack to insulate its den. One of its alpine predators, the wolverine, relies on the marmot as its main food source.

Climate changes that alter the marmot’s habitat could mean that its predators too must adapt, or die.

Lupine

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Western columbine

NPS / WALLACE KECK (CIRO)

Pika (below)

© WENDY SHATTIL / BOB ROZINSKI

Wolverine

© DANIEL J. COX /

NATURAL EXPOSURES

Hoary marmot (center)

© RICHARD T. VINCENT