Attachment_E-_NIST_Gaithersburg_Master_Plan_2018_Chapter_14.pdf

Gaithersburg Campus Master Plan

National Institute of Standards & Technology

Gaithersburg Campus Master Plan May 2018

Attachment E - Master Plan Chapter 14

CHAPTER 14

temperature and humidity control, vibration stability, air cleanliness and quality electric power. The Advanced Measurement Laboratory complex and several other recent buildings meet these exacting levels of control. However, in the older laboratory buildings such as the seven General Purpose Laboratories, these conditions are difficult to achieve. Researchers make due in the older buildings, but time is wasted and experiments sidelined.

• Alternate Laboratory Uses: For want of adequate office and support space for researchers near their experiments, a significant number of labs are used for non-laboratory func-tions. Building 222, once a laboratory building, was mod-ernized for office use, eliminating over 100 lab modules. The GPLs also house senior laboratory management, which has resulted in some larger module laboratories being convert-ed to conference facilities. A second underutilization of labs is their occupancy by information technology research pro-grams, which do not require traditional lab services (gases, chemicals, sinks, fume hoods, venting, waste treatment, etc.). These IT programs could function well in office-type environments with proper power and cooling.

• Fragmentation of Organizations. NIST has gone through multiple re-organizations over the years. Functionally and administratively, these re-organizations have been a re-sponse to advances in research priorities and technologies, or administrative shifts. The impact has been the fragmen-tation of most Divisions and the related compromises in collaboration, sharing of resources and working efficiency.

• Connectivity and Wayfinding: Enclosed concourses connect the Administration Building, the GPLs and AMLs, which is both a convenience and a way to link organizations and researchers. These connectors essentially serve as interior streets. However, the sameness in design of both the labo-ratories and the linking concourses is disorienting and can be confusing.

Campus Built Environment

T HE National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg Campus contains sixty-two permanent and temporary structures that support the research mission.

These buildings represent a spectrum of uses, from gen-eral purpose laboratory buildings to special purpose research facilities to garages. Twenty-four buildings remain from the initial 1960s campus development including the first build-ing—Engineering Mechanics, the prominent Administration Building and seven general purpose laboratories. Overall, these twenty-four buildings represent over 70% of the campus gross square footage. Recent construction of the five buildings of the Advanced Measurement Laboratory complex, plus the Robotics Test Facility, Advanced Chemical Sciences Laboratory and Net- Zero Energy Residential Test Facility, have added more than 800,000 gross square feet of sophisticated research facilities.

Functional Observations Campus buildings are well maintained, and repairs are made when necessary. Many needed renovations and modifications have been identified in the other recent studies listed in the Background section of this report.

The nature and activities of today’s scientific research and sup-port have outgrown many of the older facilities in which they now occur. Inefficiencies are not only in the physical building systems, but also in their layout and organization. For the mas-ter plan, the team reviewed each campus building for its condi-tion and functional suitability, and coordinated the detailed findings of the other recent studies. Following is a summary of key observations and issues.

• Laboratory Environmental Control. Much of the advanced research taking place on the Gaithersburg campus is based on precise performance and measurements, which demand very controlled environments—rigorous

National Institute of Standards and Technology have often required set-ups within labs to be re-initiated, result-ing in days or weeks of lost time and productivity.

An assessment of these older laboratories indicated that the infrastructure systems have long outlived their useful life and are very energy inefficient in their operation. Proactive main-tenance has kept the buildings operational, but the task is increasingly handicapped as components for legacy equipment are difficult to obtain. The mechanical systems cannot provide the acceptable temperature control required for advanced instrumentation. Air quality concerns include low levels of filtration and potential entrainment of exhaust air. The electri-cal service is not supported with back-up power generation or with central uninterrupted power supply systems. The build-ings are not provided with fire sprinkler systems, which are now mandatory. Lack of many piped laboratory services is not consistent with current design practice, and the aged piping systems are prone to leaks. The building skin in these older facilities is uninsulated and does not comply with energy ef-ficiency requirements.

Like the older laboratory buildings, the original administrative and support buildings are reaching their 50th year, and many need upgrades or replacement of their engineering systems to prolong their useful lives, improve their efficiency and support the functions of today. The original Building 101 enclosure, especially the windows, are not insulated and do not meet fed-eral energy conservation goals. The windows on the one-story buildings have been replaced with thermal windows.

• Office Utilization: Overall campus office utilization is approxi-mately 163 asf/person, which is within the Department of Commerce goal of 170 asf/person. But there is disparity between the laboratory OU’s limited office space and the more generous office space of the administrative OUs.

Administrative office space in four buildings has been studied for strategies to reach the utilization goal through renovation, consolidation and reduction in the number of individual private offices.

• Public Facilities: Both increasing use and changing security requirements have put pressure on the aging public-use facilities in Building 101. The completed food service study proposes changes to the cafeteria, and a recently complet-ed study of the Building 101 lower levels resulted in a plan for an addition to the north of the main lobby for expand-ed conference facilities on the first floor, library stacks on the basement level, and offices on the upper level. It also includes plans for renovating and updating select portions of the first floor and basement.

• Historic Context: The entire campus has been determined to be eligible for listing on the National register of Historic Places by the Keeper of the National Trust. New construc-tion and work to existing buildings should comply with the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Treatment of Historic Properties, to the degree possible.

Physical Building Observations Laboratory buildings account for 27 of the 62 buildings on the Gaithersburg campus, but approximately 78% of the overall gross square feet. The remaining buildings support NIST’s re-search mission in a myriad of ways, including administration, emergency services, child care, maintenance and storage.

Laboratory facilities built from 1999 to 2014 have been con-structed to meet scientific mission requirements, and serve their functions very well. Approximately two-thirds of the laboratory facilities (17 of 27) are part of the original campus development in the 1960s. These older facilities do not provide the perfor-mance expected for current research. Some architectural defi-ciencies notwithstanding, the researchers’ dissatisfaction stems largely from lack of thermal stability, inadequate quality and quantity of power, deficiencies in piped services, and the general degradation in infrastructure equipment and distribution. For a range of precision experiments, power and thermal fluctuations

Exhibit 132: Buildings on the Gaithersburg Campus

Building Type Quantity Square Footage

Administration/Offices* 4 529,768

Advanced Measurement Labs 5 536,512

Advanced Chemical Sciences Lab 1 231,912

General Purpose Labs 7 1,277,587

Special Purpose Labs 14 792,122

Support & Service Facilities 31 259,446

Connecting Corridors — 13,908

Total 62 3,641,255 gsf *Includes Building 301, listed as 70% offices and 30% support

Exhibit 133: Major Building Uses

Colors are proportional to use

Facility Condition Assessments NIST surveys each building on a regular cycle to determine its condition and repair needs. Recent assessments began with a 2011 baseline survey and the most recent update was 2015.

Based upon the Facility Condition Assessment estimated cost of repairs, compared with the estimated replacement value, a Facility Condition Index (FCI) value is calculated for each building. The value is then classified into a rating of good, fair or poor. Currently, 27 of the buildings and structures on the NIST Gaithersburg campus have an FCI rating of “Poor.” While NIST has a robust repair and maintenance program, the age of the buildings and obsolescence of their systems makes signifi-cant conditions improvements difficult to achieve.

Existing Research Facilities A significant portion of the research facilities are in poor condition, based on the evaluation of the Research Facilities Strategic Plan. Of the existing 875,000 assignable square feet of research space, over 450,000 asf requires upgrades and modernization.

• Functionally compliant with current practices and needs 37%

• In design/construction for modernization (Building 245) 8%

• Needs upgrades and modernization 55%

Exhibit 134: Facility Condition Assessment

Exhibit 135: Buildings Inventory

Building Number And Name Size (GSF) Year Completed Primary Occupants

101 Administration Building 345,818 1965 Administration, Public Space

103 Visitor's Center 2,460 2009 OFPM

202 Engineering Mechanics 78,575 1963 MML, PML,EL

203 Standard Reference Materials Building 24,915 2012 MML

205 Large Fire Facility 48,746 1974 EL

205E Emissions Control Electrical 260 2001 Unoccupied

205M Emissions Control Mechanical 322 2001 Unoccupied

206 Concrete Materials Building 8,165 1968 EL

207 Robot Test Facility 9,898 2012 EL

208 Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility 7,374 2012 EL

215 Nanofabrication Facility 109,376 2004 CNST

216 Center Nano Science & Technology 106,157 2004 CNST

217 Instrument West Building 129,358 2004 MML, PML

218 Metrology East Building 106,739 2004 CNST, PML

219 Metrology West Building 84,882 2004 PML

220 Metrology Building 216,040 1966 PML. EL, ADLP, MML

221 Physics Building 219,658 1966 MML, PML

222 Chemistry Building 166,089 1966 PML, ITL, MML, ADLP, CTL, ADIIS

223 Materials Building 164,659 1966 MML, OSHE

224 Polymer Building 164,008 1966 MML, EL

225 Technology Building 204,333 1966 PML, ITL, OISM

226 Building Research Building 142,800 1966 EL

227 Advanced Chemical Sciences Laboratory 231,912 2001 MML

230 Fluid Mechanics Building 38,366 1969 PML

231 Industrial Building 75,131 1968 MML

233 Sound Building 42,881 1968 PML, EL

235 NIST Center For Neutron Research 229,868 1965 NCNR, PML, MML

236 Special Projects Building 13,221 1968 MML, EL

237 Non-Magnetic Building 3,100 1968 PML

238 Non-Magnetic Building 3,961 1968 PML

245 Radiation Physics Building 207,921 1964 PML

301 Supply and Plant Building 163,765 1964 OFPM, OAAM, HMEP

302 Steam And Chilled Water Generation Plant 60,053 1963 OFPM

303 Service Building 14,572 1964 OFPM

304 Shops Building 75,589 1964 EL, ADMR

Building Number And Name Size (GSF) Year Completed Primary Occupants

305 Cooling Tower Building 16,162 1963 Unoccupied

306 Electrical Sub-Station 4,532 1963 Unoccupied

307 Materials Processing Storage 374 1972 Unoccupied

309 Grounds Maintenance Building 11,701 1975 OFPM

310 Plant Storage Building 505 1987 Unoccupied

311 Grounds Storage Shed 2,511 1975 Unoccupied

312 Materials Processing Building 3,877 1977 OSHE

313 Site Effluent Neutralization Building 245 1997 Unoccupied

314 Backflow Preventer Building - East 663 1998 Unoccupied

315 Backflow Preventer Building - North 663 1998 Unoccupied

316 Electrical Service Building 487 2011 Unoccupied

317 Cooling Tower West 3,441 2011 Unoccupied

318 Emergency Services Facility 22,123 2014 ADMR, OSY

319 Emergency Services Storage Building 312 2014 Unoccupied

320 Child Care Center 23,687 2012 Contractors

321 NCNR Storage 1,900 2017 Unoccupied

411 Temporary Relocatable Facility 17,362 1989 OISM, OAAM

414 Janitorial Storage Building 803 1994 Unoccupied

418 NCNR Storage Building 3,000 1995 Unoccupied

420 OFPM Storage Building 2,615 1996 Unoccupied

421 Radiation Physics Storage Building 1,499 1964 Unoccupied

422 Concrete Materials Storage Building 1,200 2004 Unoccupied

423 Research House 2,261 2004 EL

425 NCNR Storage Building II 303 2007 Unoccupied

426 NCNR Trailer 2 663 2008 Unoccupied

427 NCNR Trailer 1 663 2008 Unoccupied

428 Facilities Building 2,823 2010 OFPM

Concourse 13,908

Total Gross Square Feet 3,641,255

Exhibit 135: Buildings Inventory, continued

LEGEND OF OCCUPANT NAMES

ADIIS Associate Director of Innovation & Industry Services ADLP Associate Director for Laboratory Programs ADMR Associate Director for Management Resources CNST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology CTL Communications Technology Laboratory EL Engineering Laboratory

HMEP Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership ITL Information Technology Laboratory MML Material Measurement Laboratory NCNR NIST Center for Neutron Research OAAM Office of Acquisition and Agreements OD Office of the Director OFPM Office of Facilities and Property Management

OFRM Office of Financial Resource Management OHRM Office of Human Resources Management OISM Office of Information Systems Management OSHE Office of Safety, Health and Environment OSY Office of Security, Dept. of Commerce PML Physical Measurement Laboratory envelope, especially the windows, falls far short of the energy efficiency standards of today. The interior finishes of the public spaces such as the auditoriums, museum, and exhibits have been well maintained, and in some cases updated to accommodate the frequent use and changing nature of these spaces. Other public areas are largely untouched.

Observations: Building 101 serves the core administrative and special functions needs of the NIST campus very well. While the building is well maintained and major infrastructure ap-pears to be operating normally, portions of the building clearly show its age and the facility is in need of significant modern-ization and HVAC replacement in the near future. In terms

Building 101—Administration

The Administration Building serves as the image of NIST’s Gaithersburg campus, and is the predominant building in size, function, and location. The 345,785 gross square feet, 15-story structure is the only high rise building on campus and the first building visible when entering from the main gate and Visitor’s Center. The tower portion houses the NIST Director’s Office, the Associate Directors’ offices, and administrative components of other organizational units. The lower floors house NIST’s central public spaces including the library, con-ference center, auditoriums, cafeteria, exhibits, and museum.

Commissioned in 1965, the Administration Building is one of the earliest buildings on campus. It is centrally located and connects to the two pedestrian concourses that provide shel-tered access to most of the laboratory buildings on campus.

Like many campus facilities, the core architecture and infra-structure of the building has generally remained unchanged from the original construction. Most of the major mechani-cal, electrical, and plumbing systems have exceeded their design life but are still operable and functional. The building

The Buildings of its space utilization, there are potential opportunities for improvement, including reconsideration of office suite layouts.

Four recent studies have made recommendations concerning Building 101:

• NIST Administrative Space Strategic Plan examined the office space configurations in this building and other administra-tive spaces, and recommended layout changes that meet OU goals, and improve overall utilization and flexibility.

• NIST Building 101 Window and Induction Unit Study evalu-ated the mechanical systems and building envelope and recommended system upgrades, window replacement and envelope insulation.

• NIST Cafeteria and Food Service Operations Evaluation and Recommendations studied the cafeteria in the Administration Building, making recommendations for renovations the kitchen/servery areas, expan-sion of the seating and addi-tion of a coffee bar.

• NIST Building 101 Lower Levels Planning Study ana-lyzed the space and func-tional needs of the public and staff community facili-ties on the two lower levels of the building. The study recommended renovations, a library upgrade and a building addition to house conference facilities, library stacks and office space.

GSF: 345,818

Occupied: 1965 Occupants: Administration, Public Functions

Building 103—Visitors’ Center

Building 103 is a stand-alone facility located at the main en-trance on Bureau Drive, at the north end of the campus and is the first facility to be encountered by NIST employees and the visitors. The visitor processing facility offers a welcoming aes-thetic and provides for efficient inspection and ID check for all visitors entering the campus. Its dedicated parking lot is used by the visitors for short-duration parking.

The facility consists of two blocks. The visitors processing area is a chamfered rectangular block with an inviting entry vestibule and a processing area. The long transaction counter accommodates up to three staff persons. The main process-ing area has high ceiling and windows on three sides. The rear portion of the building houses a break-room, employee work-space, and building infrastructure.

The other block is an observation station located across two lanes of the Bureau Drive. The two blocks are united by a cano-py spanning the road width for incoming traffic, and extending further to provide cover to the lanes in the opposite direction.

The station has inclined glass panels on three sides and offers unobstructed view of all incoming and outgoing traffic.

Commissioned in 2009, this service facility replaced the now demolished Building 102. The Visitor Center building is a sin-gle level structure without basement space. Given the distance from the campus steam and chilled water network, the Visitor Center is equipped with its own HVAC service consisting primarily of a split air-handling unit and baseboard heating.

Electrical service is provided from a pad-mounted transformer located outside the building. An electrical room and a telecom/ data closet are located in the rear.

Observations: Building 103 is in good physical condition, and the spaces are well utilized for the desired functions. The priority maintenance item is roof replacement.

GSF: 2,460

Occupied: 2009 Occupants: DoC Office of Security

Building 202—Engineering Mechanics

Building 202—Engineering Mechanics, completed in 1962, is the first laboratory building that was commissioned on the NIST Gaithersburg campus. This 78,577 square foot facility was designed specifically for research and experiments with large scale material testing and serves the same functions to this day. Besides use by NIST researchers, the facility is also used by other government agencies and the materials industry. While most of the structure is original, a single-level addition on the north has provided for three special purpose laboratories.

A large portion of Building 202 is constructed as high bay spaces for large scale materials measurements under various operating conditions. The Engineering Mechanics building is essentially an above-grade four level structure, with the exception of a service entry room and a small gravity chamber in the basement, constructed of steel and brick. It is one-of-a-kind facility with a 12,700 sf large test area at its core, which partially towers above the four levels of the adjacent rooms, and houses equipment for heavy weight impact testing of large scale materials. The building is structurally designed to handle the effects of high impact load testing.

Given the nature of experimentation in the facility, the build-ing does not follow any uniform layout approach. The basically square shaped building has a partial ziggurat-like massing responding to the clear height needed for the equipment and experiments in the facility. The large high-bay space is sur-rounded on the east by two levels of office and infrastructure support spaces, on the south by high-bay laboratories, and on the north by three-to-four levels of stacked laboratories.

Observations: Building 202 continues to function for intended re-search needs. The building has benefitted from HVAC renova-tion and window replacement projects, but is in poor condition with needed replacement of the HVAC system and upgrades to the interior environment for improved efficiency and function.

GSF: 78,575

Occupied: 1963 Occupants: Material Measurement Laboratory, Physical Measurement

Laboratory, Engineering Laboratory

Building 203—Standard Reference Materials Building

Building 203—Standard Reference Materials Building is a warehouse building for temperate and cold storage of a variety of materials. These materials are packaged and sent to industry and academic customers as NIST Standard Reference Materials (SRMs). This NIST resource was completed in 2012 as part of a construction program funded by the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act. The facility is located directly adjacent and connected to the Engineering Mechanics Building 202.

Building 203 is two-stories in height and 24,914 gross square feet in size. The major spaces are storage rooms and large freezers, supported by a small office suite. The storage areas are served by a loading dock with a dock leveler and truck yard. This is a concrete block structure with a tan brick veneer façade, built on a slab-on-grade foundation. The roof consists of a built-up system with gravel stop supported by metal truss joist and corrugated metal deck. There are nine metal person-nel doors and one roll-up door. A natural gas fueled generator provides emergency power to designated panels and systems in the facility.

Observations: Building 203 is in good physical condition and well utilized.

GSF: 24,915

Occupied: 2012 Occupants: Material Measurement Laboratory

Observations: Besides its use by NIST, the facility also is used by other government agencies and the building industry for collaborative work with National Fire Research Laboratory.

The structure and its infrastructure system are in good condi-tion and continue to service effectively. A 90,000 cfm exhaust smoke scrubber, has been installed to comply with federal regulations.

Large Fire Facility

GSF: 48,746

Occupied: 1974 Occupants: Engineering Laboratory

205E Emissions Control Electrical

GSF: 260

Occupied: 2001 Occupants: Office of Facilities and Property Management, unoccupied

205M Emissions Control Mechanical

GSF: 322

Occupied: 2001 Occupants: Office of Facilities and Property Management, unoccupied

Building 205—Large Fire Facility

Building 205—Large Fire Facility, completed in 1974 and recently expanded to 48,750 Gross square feet, is a special purpose laboratory designed for large scale tests and experi-ments of fire occurrences in buildings. The building facilitates precise characterization of real-scale fire behavior of combus-tibles, performance of structures on fire under various loading conditions, conducting of disaster and failure studies, and validation of predictive models at a suitable scale. Located a short distance from the building, separated from the building operations, are two special mechanical and electrical infra-structure and emissions control equipment facilities, desig-nated Buildings 205 E and M.

The Large Fire Facility building is an above-grade two level structure. It is one-of-a-kind facility in that at its core is a large test area, a high-bay special space for fire tests on materials and assemblies. The test area includes multiple hood canopies for tests at small, medium or large scale, and also a wind tun-nel with its own hood canopy for simulation of real-life condi-tions. This test laboratory has recently been expanded to over twice its original size and includes a post tensioned reinforced strong floor and strong wall for construction of large scale burn props. Adjoining the test area are calibration and test equip-ment spaces, offices and an observation overlook.

Building 206—Concrete Materials Building

Building 206 –Concrete Materials Building was completed in 1968 as a special purpose facility. Constructed in the mode of a high-bay factory/processing plant structure, it is a specially de-signed facility for concrete materials mixing and testing. It has since been used for storage, sample preparation and aggregate processing of concrete materials for tests and experimentation in other facilities on the campus. The Engineering Laboratory, its current occupant, plans to re-purpose it for research on concrete pumping and building energy systems.

Building 206 is an at-grade concrete building, with two high-bay, column-free spaces designed for the preparation of sam-ples and processing of aggregate materials. Major equipment includes gravity fed gravel bins, an overhead crane and testing equipment. The storage/work room is also constructed with no interior columns. Sample blends are packaged and shipped from this location. The building is structurally designed to handle heavy loads and movement of materials. There is only one office located here.

The structure and most components are original to the build-ing; there has been no equipment, structural or architectural renovation of note except a roof replacement in 1994. The facility is in good condition, but upgrades to the mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems, including improved thermal control, would make the building function more efficiently.

Observations: The facility is not being used for the intended pur-poses, though it still stores materials and aggregates, and the high-bay labs are sporadically used for research programs. It is generally in poor physical condition, with a leaking roof and visible cracking along one façade.

GSF: 8,165

Occupied: 1968 Occupants: Engineering Laboratory

Building 207—Robotics Test Facility

Building 207—The Robotics Test Facility, is a 25-foot tall, single-story, pre-engineered metal building constructed slab-on-grade. The 9,899 square foot building provides a 5000 sq.

ft. high bay, enclosed isolation bays where robot sensing and endurance can be evaluated under controlled conditions such as cold, heat, and darkness, a meeting room, and extensive video and audio capture systems. The surrounding site area is also used for setting up prototype and standard test methods, such as for evaluating mobility in sand and gravel.

The Robotics Test Facility is a laboratory for testing and de-veloping standard methods for measuring robot performance.

The facility houses props and equipment for measuring how well robots perform under a variety of tasks that mimic real-world challenges. Mobility, manipulation, sensing, endurance are some of the capabilities tested, for use in urban search and rescue, bomb disposal, manufacturing and other end-user requirements.

Observations: The building is in excellent condition and well utilized.

GSF: 9,898

Building 208—Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility

Building 208—Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility, com-pleted in 2012, is both a laboratory and a LEED Platinum rated house. The house was designed and built to demonstrate that a residence, typical in size and features of homes in the metro-politan D.C. area, can produce as much energy from renewable energy resources as it consumes on an annual basis.

The test facility is an all-electric four bedroom, three bath house, with a detached garage connected by a breezeway.

Structure and layout are similar to a suburban home—two-story, wood frame construction, fiber cement siding, residential finishes. However, it was built to exacting standards of en-ergy consumption, insulation and indoor air quality. Features include a geothermal heat pump system, solar panels, high performance building envelope, energy efficient appliances and sophisticated system controls. The house is “occupied” by a sophisticated sensor and control system that mimics the ev-eryday activities of a typical four person family. It was designed to be approximately 60 percent more energy efficient than a home meeting the requirements of the 2012 International Energy Conservation Code. After one year of operation, the house exceeded its goal, exporting excess energy to the elec-tric grid.

Observations: The Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility is in excellent condition, and will continue to provide field data for residential energy-saving technologies, ventilation strategies and system controls.

GSF: 7,374

Building 215—NanoFabrication Facility

Building 215—Nanofabrication Facility is one of NIST’s prime user facilities. Located at south end of the array of intercon-nected laboratories on campus, it is part of the state-of-the-art Advanced Measurement Laboratory (AML) complex that was completed and commissioned in 2004. Consisting of five buildings, 215 through 219, the AML complex offers specialized laboratories with electromagnetic shielding, vibration isola-tion, and superior environmental control, allowing NIST to provide sophisticated measurements and standards.

With an area of 109,369 gross square feet, Building 215 is a Class 100/ISO 5 clean room facility primarily dedicated to laboratory and lab-support functions. The only non-laboratory related function is a 100 person lecture/conference space, shared by the NIST scientific community. The entire Clean Room environment and the conference area are on the first floor, supported by mechanical and electrical services on the second floor and the penthouse. The basement also includes a large space for storage and supply monitoring of toxic gases which are fed thru the air chase chambers to the laboratories above. A contact shop to support the laboratories in the AML is also located in the basement. Like all the AML, Building 215 received steam, chilled water and compressed air from the Steam and Chilled Water Generation Plant.

The NanoFabrication Facility has special environmental control and laboratory gas services, supporting specialized research and processing of real-world products contain-ing essential nanotechnology components. It operates as a user facility and provides NIST’s collaborators with access to expensive nanofabrication tools and specialized expertise in a shared-cost environment.

Observations: The facility is in excellent condition and adequate-ly serves the designed research functions. Portions of the building have been renovated, as necessary, to accommodate the latest in specialized equipment and research needs. The infrastructure has the designed potential to be upgraded to a Class 10/ISO 4 Clean Room environment when needed.

GSF: 109,376

Occupied: 2004 Occupants: Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology equipment, particularly those that have high vibration or noise levels. The interior partitions offer high levels of flexibility and can be used at off-module locations to optimize equipment placement, and they use space very efficiently. The mechanical systems are located at the penthouse levels.

Observations: Building 216 is in excellent condition and supports its research functions very well. The laboratory modules are flex-ible and easily reconfigurable—a feature that has been exten-sively used to accommodate the latest in specialized equipment and research needs.

GSF: 106,157

Occupied: 2004 Occupants: Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology

Building 216–Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology

Building 216—Instrument East is one of NIST’s newer labora-tories and part of the state-of-the-art Advanced Measurement Laboratory (AML) complex that was completed and commis-sioned in 2004. Consisting of five buildings, 216 through 219, the AML complex offers specialized laboratories with electro-magnetic shielding, vibration isolation, acoustic isolation, and superior environmental control.

Building 216 is a 106,177 gross square feet facility that of-fers laboratory and office space primarily serving the Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology and the Material Measurement Laboratory. This facility offers exacting thermal and humidity controls. The facility has high-ceiling labora-tory area flanked by two levels of offices on the north and south perimeters. Wide circulation and service corridors run north-south on the front and rear of each laboratory. The service corridors are used to house each lab’s specific service

Building 217—Instrument West

Building 217—Instrument West was built in 2004 and is part of the state-of-the-art Advanced Measurement Laboratory (AML) complex. The five buildings in the AML complex, 216 through 219, offer specialized laboratories with electromagnetic shield-ing, vibration isolation, acoustic isolation, and superior envi-ronmental control.

Building 217 is a 129,393 gross square feet facility with laboratory and office space primarily serving the Material Measurement laboratory and the Physical Measurement Laboratory. Though similar in layout and features to Building 216, the Instrument West building is about 20% longer. The facility has high-ceiling laboratory area flanked by two levels of offices on the north and south perimeters. Wide circulation and service corridors run north-south on the front and rear of each laboratory. The service corridors are used to house each lab’s specific service equipment, particularly those that have high vibration or noise levels. The interior partitions offer high levels of flexibility and can be used at off-module locations to optimize equipment placement, and they use space very ef-ficiently. The mechanical systems are located at the penthouse levels. Building 217 laboratories include Class 100, 1,000 and 10,000 clean rooms.

Observations: Building 217 is in excellent condition and sup-ports its research functions very well. The laboratory modules are flexible and easily reconfigurable—a feature that has been extensively used to accommodate the latest in specialized equipment and research needs.

GSF: 129,358

Occupied: 2004

Laboratory

Building 218 has a small entry pavilion at-grade, and is con-nected below-grade to the other AML facilities. The high-ceiling laboratory area is flanked by core and support spaces on the south perimeter that include two conference rooms and two break rooms. Wide circulation and service corridors run north-south on the front and rear of each laboratory.

Mechanical rooms are located in the basement and the labo-ratories are located in the sub-basement. The primary electri-cal distribution system for the entire AML is routed through Building 218.

Observations: Building 218 is in very good condition, supports its research functions very well and is a prime research asset.

There are some totally isolated double-walled laboratories, but other modules are flexible and easily reconfigured.

GSF: 106,739

Occupied: 2004 Occupants: Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Physical

Measurement Laboratory, Material Measurement Laboratory

Building 218—Metrology East Building

Building 218—Metrology East is one the buildings of the Advanced Measurement Laboratory (AML) complex, complet-ed and commissioned in 2004. This Dynamic Metrology Lab East Wing is underground structure housing laboratory space, conference rooms and scientific testing rooms. Researchers and other users have their office space in other buildings within the AML.

Building 218 is a 106,739 gross square feet facility with labo-ratory space primarily serving the Physical Measurement Laboratory and the Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology. The below-grade structure was designed for unique vibration-free stable environment for metrology ex-periments. To prevent jostling during the assembly of atomic structures and to shield ultrasensitive instruments from all but the slightest quiver, the specialized AML laboratory has the ultimate in vibration isolation. Located about 40 feet below ground level in a structurally isolated building its instruments sit atop specially designed, heavy mass isolation slabs sup-ported on pneumatic “air springs.” An isolated, raised floor system spans over the pit containing each isolation slab so that researchers can run their experiments without affecting the isolation systems.

Building 219—Metrology West Building

Building 219—Metrology West is one of the five buildings of the Advanced Measurement Laboratory (AML) complex.

It is an underground structure similar to the Metrology East Building 218 but approximately 20% smaller. Primarily a spe-cialty lab building, there is limited office space, and research-ers have their office space in other AML buildings.

Building 219 is an 84,880 gross square feet facility that offers laboratory space primarily serving the Physical Measurement laboratory. This below-grade building was designed for unique vibration-free stable environment for metrology experiments. To prevent jostling during the assembly of atomic structures and to shield ultrasensitive instruments from all but the slightest quiver, the laboratories have ultimate vibration isolation. The laboratories are located approximately 40 feet below ground level, structurally isolated, where instruments sit atop specially designed, heavy mass isolation slabs supported on pneumatic “air springs.” An isolated, raised floor system spans over the pit containing each isolation slab so that researchers can run their experiments without affecting the isolation systems.

Building 219 has a small entry pavilion at-grade, and is con-nected below-grade to the other AML facilities. Most labora-tories have very precise environmental control and are con-structed of a double wall system wherein the air is supplied and returned through the wall cavities. Significant space is dedicated to mechanical systems, which are on three sides of the laboratory perimeter. Additional mechanical systems are on the mezzanine level, accessed from the basement level.

Observations: Building 219 is in excellent condition and serves the designed research functions well. In addition to the vibra-tion isolation capability of this structure, most of its laborato-ries are doubled walled for high-precision control of tempera-ture and air-flow. This infrastructure is highly supportive of the advanced research that is performed in this facility.

GSF: 84,882

Occupied: 2004 Occupants: Physical Measurement Laboratory

Building 220—Metrology

Building 220—Metrology is one of the original General Purpose Laboratories (GPL), completed and occupied in 1966.

It is part of the grouping of laboratory buildings located along the connecting concourse of research buildings.

Building 220 is a 216,068 gross square foot building of offices and laboratories used primarily by Physical Measurement Laboratory and Engineering Laboratory. This modernist rectan-gular building has four occupiable floors—three above grade plus a basement. A typical floor is rectilinear in shape, with office space on the north and south perimeters and laboratory modules in the central spine. Some of the laboratory modules have been converted for the non-lab functions, mostly offices, conference rooms and office support. The basement level differs from other GPLs; there is an extended footprint on the south provides long, linear laboratory space for dimensional metrology and calibration research.

The basic architecture of the building has remained unchanged from the original construction. Select infrastructure renovation projects have been carried out in recent years. These include rebuilding AHUs, upgrade to DDC controls, fume hood replace-ments, and light fixtures replacements for enhanced efficiency.

Observations: The building is well maintained but is showing its age. The space serves the research functions and provides proximate office space for research staff. The major building systems—mechanical, electrical and plumbing—are original to the building and past their rated life. Priority upgrade/main-tenance items include the replacement of HVAC components (air handling units, distribution system and controls) and upgrades to the life safety system (emergency lighting, fire de-tection system and fire stopping.). Other requirements noted are replacement of aging/outdated electrical and plumbing components, uninsulated windows, façade repairs and interior finish replacement.

GSF: 216,040

Occupied: 1966 Occupants: Physical Measurement Laboratory,Engineering Laboratory, Associate Director for Laboratory Programs, Material Measurement Laboratory

Building 221—Physics

Building 221—Physics is one of the original 1966 General Purpose Laboratories (GPL), and one of the laboratory build-ings located along the concourse circulation spine linking Building 101 and research buildings.

Building 221 is a 219,654 gross square feet building with laboratory and office space serving the Materials Measurement Laboratory and the Physical Measurement Laboratory. The building has four occupiable floors, three above grade and an expanded basement accommodating spectroscopy laborato-ries. It has a 39,600 gsf typical floor with office space on the north and south perimeters and back-to-back laboratory mod-ules in the central spine separated from the offices by a shared corridor. Building 221 has limited ADP, storage and special function space.

This brick curtain wall building is generally unchanged from the original construction, including the major systems and the uninsulated windows. Recently, select infrastructure renova-tion projects have been carried out, including rebuilding AHUs, upgrade to DDC controls, fume hood replacements, and light fixtures replacements.

Observations: The building is well maintained, but showing its age. The space serves the research functions and provides proximate office space for research staff. The major building systems—mechanical, electrical and plumbing—are original to the building and past their rated life. Priority upgrade/mainte-nance items include the replacement of HVAC components (air handling units, distribution system and controls) and upgrades to the life safety system (emergency lighting, fire detection sys-tem and fire stopping.). Other requirements noted are replace-ment of aging/outdated electrical and plumbing components, structural cracks, uninsulated windows, and interior finish replacement.

GSF: 219,658

Occupied: 1966

Laboratory replaced, and a fire suppression system has been installed.

Although some building systems are original, most mechanical equipment, electrical switchgear and plumbing systems have been replaced.

Observations: Building 222 is in good condition, and functions well for the occupants. However, the building has been adapt-ed to house office-type function in spaces designed as labora-tories. This neither makes the best use of lab-designed space nor provides flexible, efficient office space with open-plan layouts and improved penetration of natural light. Physically, improvements are still needed to the remaining original sys-tems, with a priority recommendation to replace the original electrical bus ducts.

GSF: 166,089

Occupied: 1966 Occupants: Physical Measurement Laboratory, Information Technology

Laboratory, Material Measurement Laboratory, Associate Director for Laboratory Programs, Communications Technology Laboratory, Assoc. Director of Innovation and Industry Services

Building 222—Chemistry

Building 222—Chemistry is one of the original General Purpose Laboratories (GPL), part of the grouping of labora-tory buildings located along the concourse spine that con-nects many of the research buildings and the Administration Building.

Building 222 has 166,101 gross square feet of office and labo-ratory space, primarily serving the Information Technology Laboratory and the Physical Measurement Laboratory. The building has three above-grade occupiable floors. Except for the west half of the first floor, Building 222 is currently used as an office building, within the laboratory/office configurations.

We observed 115 laboratory modules that were deployed for non-lab functions, mostly offices. The building houses labora-tory staff, and also personnel from administrative organiza-tions that benefit from its proximity to the Administration Building.

This is the only GPL that has been significantly renovated, with most of its infrastructure replaced and new interior fin-ishes installed. Walls, floors, ceilings and windows have been upgrade to DDC controls, new fume hoods and safety showers, and light fixtures replacements for enhanced efficiency.

Observations: The building is well maintained but is showing its age. The space serves the research functions and provides proximate office space for research staff. The major building systems—mechanical, electrical and plumbing—are origi-nal to the building and past their rated life. Priority upgrade/ maintenance items include the replacement of HVAC compo-nents (air handling units, distribution system and controls) and upgrades to the life safety system (emergency lighting, fire detection system and fire stopping.). Other requirements noted are replacement of aging/outdated electrical and plumb-ing components, uninsulated façade and windows and interior finish replacement.

GSF: 164,659

Occupied: 1966 Occupants: Material Measurement Laboratory, Office of Safety, Health and Environment

Building 223—Materials

Building 223—Materials is one of the seven original General Purpose Laboratories (GPL). It is located along the campus circulation spine connecting the GPLs and the Administration Building.

Building 223 is a 164,659 gross square feet building of laborato-ry and office space primarily serving the Materials Measurement Laboratory. It also houses some administrative and laboratory space for other NIST OUs. There are three occupiable floors, all above grade. The typical 39,600 gsf floor has office space on the north and south perimeters and back-to-back laboratory mod-ules in the central spin, separated from the offices by a shared corridor. Like the other GPLs, some of the laboratory modules have been adapted to non-lab functions.

The building architecture has remained basically unchanged from the original construction, with renovations limited to those required to support laboratory and office space require-ments. Select infrastructure renovation projects have been car-ried out over in recent years. These include rebuilding AHUs, Building 224—Polymers

Building 224—Polymer is an original General Purpose Laboratory (GPL), completed in 1966. It is located along the second con-course which connects a group of research buildings (GPLs and AML) with each other and to the Administration Building.

Building 224 is 164,028 gross square feet in size, with labo-ratory and office space serving the Materials Measurement Laboratory and the Engineering Laboratory. The building has three occupiable above-grade floors, each of approximately 39,600 gsf. Like the other GPLs, the floors are rectilinear in shape, with office space on the north and south perimeters and laboratory modules in the center. A few laboratory mod-ules have been converted for the non-lab functions, mostly offices and conference rooms.

The building architecture is basically unchanged from the orig-inal construction, with renovations limited to those required to support laboratory and office space requirements. Select infrastructure renovation projects have been carried out in recent years. These include rebuilding AHUs, upgrade to DDC controls, fume hood replacements, and light fixtures replace-ments for enhanced efficiency.

Observations: The building is well maintained but is showing its age. The space serves the research functions and provides proximate office space for research staff, but some of the laboratories are over-utilized, and others under-utilized. The major building systems—mechanical, electrical and plumb-ing—are original to the building and past their rated life.

Priority upgrade/maintenance items include the replacement of HVAC components (air handling units, distribution system and controls) and upgrades to the life safety system (emer-gency lighting, fire detection system and fire stopping.). Other requirements noted are replacement of aging/outdated electri-cal and plumbing components, uninsulated windows, façade repairs and interior finish replacement.

GSF: 164,008

Occupied: 1966 Occupants: Material Measurement Laboratory,Engineering Laboratory

Building 225—Technology

Building 225—Technology is one of the original General Purpose Laboratories (GPL, completed and occupied in 1966. This mod-ernist style rectangular building has four occupiable floors— three above grade and a basement. It is part of the grouping of laboratory buildings located along the concourse spine con-necting research building and the Administration Building.

Building 225 has 204,332 gross square feet of laboratory and office space, primarily serving the Office of Information Systems Management (OISM), the Information Technology Laboratory (ITL), and the Physical Measurement Laboratory (PML). The building has been modified to accommodate the OISM’s Central Computing Facility in the basement. Both ITL and OISM extensively use laboratory modules for office func-tions. The layout of the typical floor has office space on the north and south perimeters and laboratory modules in the central spine separated from the offices by a shared corridor.

The building and its infrastructure are basically unchanged since construction. A transformer and UPS system in the basement and an exterior back-up chiller on the north side were added to serve the requirements of…