1240BH21Q0008-ProjectSpecifications.pdf

Deschutes National Forest

Lava River Cave Trail & Fence Construction

LAVA RIVER CAVE TRAIL & FENCE CONSTRUCTION

LIST OF TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Table of Contents

DIVISION 1 – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS _______________________________________________ 2

SECTION 011000 SUMMARY OF WORK _____________________________________________________ 2

SECTION 011700 ACCIDENT PREVENTION ___________________________________________________ 6

SECTION 012900 PAYMENT PROCEDURES ___________________________________________________ 7

SECTION 013300 SUBMITTALS ____________________________________________________________ 9

SECTION 014100 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS _____________________________________________ 13

SECTION 017300 EXECUTION REQUIREMENTS ______________________________________________ 14

DIVISION 2 – EXISTING CONDITIONS _________________________________________________ 17

SECTION 024100 DEMOLITION ___________________________________________________________ 17

DIVISION 3 – CONCRETE ___________________________________________________________ 19

SECTION 033000 CAST‐IN‐PLACE CONCRETE ________________________________________________ 19

DIVISION 5 – METALS _____________________________________________________________ 25

SECTION 051200 STRUCTURAL STEEL FRAMING _____________________________________________ 25

SECTION 055001 METAL RAILINGS ________________________________________________________ 30

DIVISION 31– EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT _______________________________________ 34

SECTION 312316 – EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT – EARTH AND ROCK _______________________ 34

DIVISION 32– SITE IMPROVEMENTS _________________________________________________ 36

SECTION 321113 – AGGREGATE BASE COURSES _____________________________________________ 36

SECTION 323113 – CHAIN LINK FENCES AND GATES __________________________________________ 38

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DIVISION 1 – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 011000 SUMMARY OF WORK

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

A. The Lava River Cave Trail project involves replacement of the existing perimeter fence surrounding the Cave Sink and replacement of the existing asphalt trail, benches and handrails within the cave sink with a new colored concrete trail, benches and handrails.

B. The project includes but is not limited to the following major items of work as shown on the plans and specifications. The following descriptions are provided as an outline of major work items and shall not be considered as an inclusive or complete listing of all items of Work under this Contract.

1. Removal and replacement of the existing perimeter fence around the Cave Sink in the exact same location as the existing. New fence is to be 9 ga black vinyl coated chain link fabric 4’ and 6’in height with black powder coated top rail, fittings and hardware.

Existing posts are to be left in place and new powder coated black sleeves are to be placed over the posts for the new fence.

2. Replacement of existing metal handrail and wooden handrail sections within the Cave Sink along the existing path with black powder coated steel handrail.

3. Removal of the existing asphalt trail within the cave sink and replacing it with a minimum 4’ wide concrete path colored to approximate the surrounding cave sink rock and earthen materials in the same alignment as the existing asphalt trail, inclusive of minor grading and aggregate base course.

4. Replacement of two benches within the Cave Sink with two new benches as specified.

5. Installation of two (2) fiber grates including boot brushes at Welcome Center building.

C. When completed, new and existing walkways shall be fully functional, safe to use, and connect seamlessly to adjacent walkways.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. Government or Owner refers to the USDA Forest Service. Contracting Officer (CO) refers to the person assigned by the USDA Forest Service to administer the contract. The Contracting Officer will designate a Contracting Officers Representative (COR).

1.3 LOCATION AND ACCESS

A. The Lava River Cave Trail project is located 13 miles south of Bend, Oregon. The site is accessible from Hwy 97's Lava Lands Visitor Center or Cottonwood Exits. The site is located on Cottonwood Rd mid-way between Exit 151 and Lava Lands Visitor Center.

B. The site does not have water, electrical, or other utilities. A vault toilet is available for use on the site.

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1.4 PROJECT SCHEDULE

A. General: Contractor shall have limited use of premises for construction operations, including use of Project Site, during construction period.

B. Construction work at the site shall be limited to occur after August 23rd, 2021 when the cave is closed to the public. All work inside the cave sink (trail and handrails) must be completed by October 8th, 2021. Fencing work outside of the cave sink must be completed between October 8th - October 31st. All site work must be completed by October 31st and contract work must be completed by December 1st 2021.

1. Work hours shall be limited to occur between 7:00am and 6:00pm.

2. The cave will be closed to the public during construction.

C. The cave is open to public use between May 1st and August 23rd. Construction work may not take place while the cave is open to the public, unless otherwise agreed upon, in writing, by the CO.

D. The cave and cave sink is closed to all use between October 8th and April 30th for bat hibernation.

E. Depending on conditions, fire restrictions may apply to activities associated with this project.

1.5 USE OF PREMISES

A. Limit use of premises to work in areas indicated. Do not disturb portions of site beyond areas in which the Work is indicated. Assume full responsibility for the protection and safekeeping of project materials and products stored on the site.

B. The site, cave & parking lot, will be closed to public use during construction, however, because this is public land, public might wander into the site. The Contractor shall provide adequate signing and barricades and take necessary safety measures to protect the public during all construction operations. Contractor shall minimize disturbance of all undisturbed areas and protect the cave from unauthorized disturbance.

C. Confine storage of materials to areas as approved by the CO.

D. Equipment and materials shall not be stored overnight on paved path in cave sink.

E. Confine all operations to work limits of the project.

F. Preservation of Natural Features:

1. Outside of the cave, personnel, equipment, and materials shall remain on paved parking areas and paths.

2. Provide temporary barriers as necessary to protect existing trees, plants, and root zones.

3. Do not fasten ropes, cables, or guys to existing trees.

4. Carefully supervise excavating, grading, filling, and other construction operations near trees to prevent damage.

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5. No installing/using permanent or temporary anchors in cave sink, other than for use associated with project.

G. Gas powered equipment shall not be used within the cave sink. The cave sink is the outside of cave entrance and which has lower elevation than the parking lot. Gas powered equipment, including generators, are allowed on asphalt surfaces in the parking lot and next to the entrance building.

H. Lighting equipment shall not be powered on within the cave or cave sink between 6:00pm and 7:00am.

I. No depositing of any body waste including urine in cave or cave sink.

J. No glass containers in cave or cave sink.

K. No smoking in cave or cave sink.

L. No discharging a firearm, air rifle, gas gun or fireworks in cave or cave sink.

M. No building, maintaining, attending or using a fire, campfire or stove fire in cave or cave sink.

N. No possessing any domestic animal in caves or cave sink, with the exception of a certified service dog in Lava River Cave and provided waste is promptly removed.

O. No possessing any paint, other than for use associated with project.

P. Use a tarp underneath areas where painting, concrete mixing, cutting, drilling, or other similar activities are done to collect debris. All debris is to be removed from the cave and properly disposed of off of Forest Lands.

Q. No use of any hand-drying agent (chalk or substances) in cave or cave sink.

R. No possessing or using a mountain bike or motorized vehicle in cave or cave sink.

S. No leaving abandoned property including geocached items in cave or cave sink.

1.6 PROTECTION OF PUBLIC AND PROPERTY

A. Comply with Federal, State, and local laws, rules, and regulations concerning construction safety and health standards. Do not expose the public to, or require any workers to work under conditions that are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to health and safety.

B. Repair damage caused by Contractor’s work to existing public and private improvements to original condition at no additional cost to the Government.

1.7 SAFETY

A. The Contractor shall familiarize him/herself with the contract requirements and current OSHA rules and observe these regulations at all times during the term of this Contract.

1.8 BATS

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A. Do not touch any bat encountered (alive, suspected injured, or dead). Contact the CO or

COR if a bat is encountered.

B. The Oregon Health Authority mandates reporting of any bite of a human being by any other mammal. Rabies is almost always contracted by exposure to a rabid animal. The exposure is usually through a bite, but saliva contact with broken skin is also a possible route. If there is evidence of physical contact with a bat and an exposure to rabies is suspected, follow the Oregon Health Authority Algorithm for Prevention of Rabies After Animal Encounters in Oregon (Appendix 1) and contact the CO or COR.

1. http://public.health.oregon.gov/DiseasesConditions/DiseasesAZ/Pages/disease.aspx?d id=41

C. To reduce the risk of spreading the fungus that causes White-nose syndrome, follow the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service decontamination protocol for clothing, boots, and any items worn or used in Lava River Cave prior to wearing/taking those items in another cave.

1. https://www.whitenosesyndrome.org/resource/revised-decontamination-protocol-june-25-2012

1.9 CAMPING

A. Camping may be allowed on site, within the parking lot, provided the contractor coordinates with the CO in advance. Utility connections are not available and will not be provided.

B. No camping in cave or cave sink.

1.10 FIELD VERIFICATION

A. Field verify all new and existing dimensions affecting the work of this contract before ordering products.

1.11 WASTE DISPOSAL SITE

A. All demolition materials, garbage, and other refuse generated shall be removed from the project site and legally disposed of off Government property in an approved landfill or legal disposal area. It shall be the Contractor's responsibility to locate a legal disposal area, to secure any necessary permits and to pay all costs involved in the disposal of materials.

B. Remove all waste materials from the site on a regular basis. Do not dispose of any materials onsite by burial or burning.

C. Dispose of all hazardous waste in accordance with applicable state and federal regulations.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS (Not Used)

PART 3 - EXECUTION (Not Used)

END SECTION

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SECTION 011700 ACCIDENT PREVENTION

1.1 DESCRIPTION

A. The work of this section consists of establishing an effective accident prevention program and providing a safe environment for all personnel and visitors. The site will be closed to the general public during construction, and visitors shall only include authorized contractor or Forest Service personnel.

1.2 SUBMITTALS

A. Accident Prevention Program: Before on-site work begins, submit for approval an accident prevention program. The Contracting Officer (CO) will review the proposed program. If the program requires any revisions or corrections, the Contractor shall resubmit the program within 10 days. At a minimum, the program shall include:

1. Name of responsible supervisor to carry out the program.

2. Weekly safety meetings.

3. First aid procedures.

4. Outline of each phase of the work, the hazards associated with each major phase, and the methods proposed to ensure property protection and safety of the public, government personnel, and the Contractor's employees.

5. Planning for possible emergency situations, such as, but not limited to floods, fires, cave-ins, slides, explosions, and deteriorating air quality. Such planning shall take into consideration the nature of construction, site conditions, and degree of exposure of persons and property.

B. Upon request, submit proof of employees' qualifications to perform assigned duties in a safe manner.

1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. In case of conflicts between Federal, state, and local safety and health requirements, the most stringent shall apply. Equipment or tools not meeting OSHA requirements will not be allowed on the project site.

END OF SECTION

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SECTION 012900 PAYMENT PROCEDURES

1.1 SUMMARY

A. The intent of this section is to explain, in general; what is and what is not included in a bid item; the limits or cut-off points where one bid item ends and another begins; and method of measurements and basis of payment for work items listed in the Bid Item Schedule.

B. Work:

1. Furnishing all labor, materials, equipment, and other incidentals necessary to successfully complete the project or any portion of it, and carrying out all duties and obligations imposed by the contract on the Contractor.

C. Payment

1. For each individual bid item listed here and in the Schedule of Items, payment shall be full compensation for all work related to the particular item in accordance with these specifications, as shown on the drawings.

2. Measurement and payment for contract work shall be made only for and under those pay items included in the Schedule of Items. All other work and materials shall be considered incidental or as included in the payment for items shown.

1.2 DEFINITION OF BID ITEMS

A. Bid Item No.1:

1. Description: Mobilization

a. This work shall consist of preparatory work and operations necessary for the movement of personnel, equipment, supplies, and incidentals to the project site, and for all other work and operations that must be performed or that cause costs to be incurred prior to beginning work on the various items on the project site.

2. Measurement: Lump Sum Quantity

3. Payment:

a. When 5 percent or more of the original contract amount is earned from other pay items, 50 percent of the amount for mobilization, or 5 percent of the original contract amount, whichever is less, will be paid.

b. When 10 percent or more of the original contract amount is earned from other pay items, 100 percent of the amount for mobilization, or 10 percent of the original contract amount, whichever is less, will be paid.

c. Upon completion of all work on the project, any unpaid amount for mobilization will be paid.

d. The total of all payments shall not exceed the original contract amount for this item.

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B. Bid Item No.2:

1. Description: Cave Sink Trail and Cave Sink Handrail

a. Demolition and removal of the existing asphalt trail, including the west and south sides of the Welcome Center Station, from the Welcome Center Station to the end of the asphalt trail at the top of the stone steps at the entrance to the cave and all existing railings and railing supports of the existing trail and walkways.

b. Minor grading of existing trail as specified/allowed and the addition of aggregate base course grade preparation for the replacement concrete trail surface.

c. Construction of 4’ minimum width, 4” thick colored cast-in-place Portland Cement Concrete trail surface as specified, inclusive of welded wire fabric reinforcement and aggregate shoulders.

d. Removal and replacement of 2 each backless wooden benches along trail with steel powder coated benches where shown.

e. Installation of new double rail handrail, powder coated black, along trail within the cave sink and at exit window on Welcome Center Station. This includes reutilizing existing post holes where possible, minimal excavation for new added posts, support posts, footings, foundations, and railings, required to build new railings. Installation of two fiber grates including boot brushes.

2. Measurement and payment: Lump Sum Quantity

C. Optional, Bid Item No.3:

1. Description: Fencing

a. Demolition of all existing fencing railings, hardware and fabric surrounding the cave sink and adjacent to the exit window at the Welcome Center entry station. Removed fence materials are to be retained for Government salvage and delivered as directed by CO.

b. Installation of new 4’ and 6’ high black chainlink fencing around the top perimeter of the Cave Sink as specified including fabrication and installation of black powder coated sleeves over existing posts, new top rail, hardware, tension wire and chainlink fence fabric

2. Measurement and payment: Lump Sum Quantity

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SECTION 013300 SUBMITTALS

A. This Section includes administrative and procedural requirements for submitting Shop Drawings, Product Data, Samples, and other miscellaneous submittals.

B. Submit submittals to the CO via email in PDF form.

C. Submittals shall be approved by the Contracting Officer. The Contractor shall not purchase, order, ship, install, or otherwise incur costs for a product or other work subject to submittal approval until after approval is granted by the Contracting Officer; the government shall not be responsible for payment for any work, product, design, etc., not approved .

D. Rejection of any submittals by the Contracting Officer constitutes notice that a re-submittal is required for the same purpose; rejections shall be explained.

E. The intent of the submittals is to provide complete information about the subject item sufficient for the government to make a decision on that item's compliance with the purpose of the item and the general specification for that item. Descriptions contained in the approved submittals shall constitute an extension of the general specification concerning that item; and subsequent performance by the Contractor shall conform to submittal information except as allowed as substitutions in other sections as indicated.

A. Action Submittals: Written and graphic information that requires Contracting Officer’s

(CO's) responsive action.

B. "Or Equal": Where the phrase "or equal" or "equal as approved by the Contracting Officer," or "but are not limited to" occurs in the contract documents, do not assume that the materials, equipment, or methods will be approved as equal unless the item has been so specifically approved by the Contracting Officer.

1.3 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES

A. Coordination: Coordinate preparation and processing of submittals with performance of construction activities.

1. Coordinate transmittal of different types of submittals for related parts of the Work so processing will not be delayed because of need to review submittals concurrently for coordination.

2. CO reserves the right to withhold action on a submittal requiring coordination with other submittals until related submittals are received.

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B. Processing Time: Allow enough time for submittal review, including time for re-submittals, as follows. Time for review shall commence on CO's receipt of submittal.

1. Initial Review: Allow 10 days for review of each submittal.

2. No extension of the Contract Time will be authorized because of failure to transmit submittals enough in advance of the Work to permit processing.

C. Deviations: Highlight, encircle, or otherwise identify deviations from the Contract Documents on submittals.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 ACTION SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: Collect information into a single submittal for each element of construction and type of product or equipment.

1. If information must be specially prepared for submittal because standard printed data are not suitable for use, submit as Shop Drawings, not as Product Data.

2. Mark each copy of each submittal to show which products and options are applicable.

3. Include the following information, as applicable:

a) Manufacturer's written recommendations.

b) Manufacturer's product specifications.

c) Manufacturer's installation instructions.

d) Manufacturer's catalog cuts.

e) Compliance with recognized trade association standards.

f) Compliance with recognized testing agency standards.

B. Shop Drawings: Prepare Project-specific information, drawn accurately to scale. Do not base Shop Drawings on reproductions of the Contract Documents or standard printed data.

1. Preparation: Include the following information, as applicable:

a. Dimensions.

b. Identification of products.

c. Fabrication and installation drawings.

d. Roughing-in and setting diagrams.

e. Notation of dimensions established by field measurement.

2. Contractor shall verify and become responsible for correctness of dimensions.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 GENERAL

A. Review each submittal and check for compliance with the Contract Documents. Note corrections and field dimensions.

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B. Approval Stamp: Stamp each shop drawing submittal with a uniform, approval stamp.

Include Project name and location, submittal number, Specification Section title and number, name of reviewer, date of Contractor's approval, and statement certifying that submittal has been reviewed, checked, and approved for compliance with the Contract Documents.

C. CO will not review shop drawing submittals that do not bear Contractor's approval stamp and will return them without action.

D. Submittals not required by the Contract Documents will not be reviewed and may be discarded.

3.2 ACTION SUBMITTALS:

A. Submit the following action submittals.

1. Product data for structural materials such as railings, supports, connecting hardware, and finishes.

2. Product data for site mixed concrete for footings.

3. Product data for cementitious grouts and epoxy products for anchoring railing posts and reinforcing in to rock.

4. Aggregate Source approval data and Aggregate Base material gradations.

5. Product Data and manufacturers’ instructions for prepackaged concrete and grout mixes.

6. Concrete mix design for concrete trail, including product data on admixtures.

7. Color palette for concrete coloring additive for selection by Owner.

8. Product data for all 4’ and 6’ high black chain link fence materials: top rail, post caps, hardware, tension wire, fasteners, fabric).

9. Material certifications for all 4’ and 6’ high chain link fence materials.

B. Shop Drawings

1. Shop drawings showing how structures, such as railings, connections, and footings will be constructed.

2. Indicate type, size, and length of bolts.

3. Include load calculations to show that the construction of railings meets the performance requirements, see Specification 055001. Shop drawings should show material dimensions, type of materials, and how items are connected.

C. Material Samples

1. Provide a 12” material sample of the powder coat finish railing. The purpose of the sample is to approve the finish and coloring.

2. Provide a 12” material sample of the powder coat fence materials. The purpose of the sample is to approve the finish and coloring.

3. Provide a nominal size material sample of the polymer coated fence fabric. The purpose of the sample is to approve the finish and coloring.

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3.3 REVIEW OF SUBMITTALS

A. The Contracting Officer will review submittals with reasonable promptness, indicating in writing the appropriate approval category ("Approved," "Disapproved," "Approved Subject to Corrections Shown") upon them. One (1) copy of the plan shall be returned to the Contractor and when corrections are required, the Contractor shall make such corrections. The plan shall then be resubmitted by the Contractor for approval until an unqualified approval is obtained.

B. Review and approval by the Contracting Officer does not relieve the Contractor from responsibility for errors which may exist in the submitted data.

C. Revisions:

1. Make revisions required by Contracting Officer.

2. If the Contractor considers any required revision to be a change, the Contractor shall notify the Contracting Officer as provided for in the General Conditions.

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SECTION 014100 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

1.1 DESIGN STANDARDS AND CODES

A. All work shall comply with the rules and regulations of federal, state, and local agencies having jurisdiction.

B. The construction methods shall meet the latest edition of all national, state and local codes. The following standards and codes are made part of the contract specifications, unless directed otherwise by the CO. In case of conflict, the most stringent shall apply.

AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

ACI American Concrete Institute

AISC American Institute of Steel Construction

ANSI American National Standards Institute

ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

AWS American Welding Society

FSORAG USDA Forest Service Outdoor Recreation Accessibility Guidelines

FSTAG USDA Forest Service Trail Accessibility Guidelines

ICC International Code Council

Oregon DEQ Oregon Department of Environmental Quality

OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Department of Labor)

SSPC Steel Structures Painting Council

1.2 VARIATIONS WITH REFERENCES

A. Promptly notify the Contracting Officer of any observed conflict between Drawings and referenced standard or specification.

END SECTION

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SECTION 017300 EXECUTION REQUIREMENTS

A. This Section includes general procedural requirements governing execution of the Work including, but not limited to, the following:

1. Construction layout.

2. Field engineering and surveying.

3. General installation of products.

4. Starting and adjusting.

5. Protection of installed construction.

6. Correction of the Work.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS (NOT USED)

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Existing Conditions: The existence and location of site improvements, utilities, and other construction indicated as existing are not guaranteed. Before beginning work, investigate and verify the existence and location of existing conditions affecting the Work.

B. Acceptance of Conditions: Examine substrates, areas, and conditions, with for compliance with requirements for installation tolerances and other conditions affecting performance.

1. Verify compatibility with and suitability of substrates, including compatibility with finishes.

2. Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

Proceeding with the Work indicates acceptance of surfaces and conditions.

3.2 PREPARATION

A. Field Measurements: Take field measurements as required to fit the Work properly.

Recheck measurements before installing each product. Where portions of the Work are indicated to fit to other construction, verify dimensions of other construction by field measurements before fabrication. Coordinate fabrication schedule with construction progress to avoid delaying the Work.

B. Space Requirements: Verify space requirements and dimensions of items shown diagrammatically on Drawings.

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C. Review of Contract Documents and Field Conditions: Immediately on discovery of the need for clarification of the Contract Documents, submit a request for information to CO.

Include a detailed description of problem encountered, together with recommendations for changing the Contract Documents.

3.3 CONSTRUCTION LAYOUT

A. Verification: Before proceeding to lay out the Work, verify layout information shown on

Drawings. If discrepancies are discovered, notify CO promptly.

B. General: Lay out the Work using accepted surveying practices.

1. Establish benchmarks and control points to set lines and levels at each story of construction and elsewhere as needed to locate each element of Project.

2. Establish dimensions within tolerances indicated. Do not scale Drawings to obtain required dimensions.

3. Check the location, level and plumb, of every major element as the Work progresses.

4. Notify CO when deviations from required lines and levels exceed allowable tolerances.

3.4 INSTALLATION

A. General: Locate the Work and components of the Work accurately, in correct alignment and elevation, as indicated.

B. Comply with manufacturer's written instructions and recommendations for installing products in applications indicated.

C. Install products at the time and under conditions that will ensure the best possible results.

Maintain conditions required for product performance until Substantial Completion.

D. Conduct construction operations so no part of the Work is subjected to damaging operations or loading in excess of that expected during normal conditions of occupancy.

E. Anchors and Fasteners: Provide anchors and fasteners as required to anchor each component securely in place, accurately located and aligned with other portions of the Work.

1. Allow for member movement, including thermal expansion and contraction.

F. Joints: Make joints of uniform width. Where joint locations in exposed work are not indicated, arrange joints for the best visual effect. Fit exposed connections together to form hairline joints.

3.5 PROTECTION OF INSTALLED CONSTRUCTION

A. Provide final protection and maintain conditions that ensure installed Work is without damage or deterioration at time of Substantial Completion.

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3.6 CORRECTION OF THE WORK

A. Repair or remove and replace defective construction. Restore damaged substrates and finishes.

1. Repairing includes replacing defective parts, refinishing damaged surfaces, touching up with matching materials, and properly adjusting operating equipment.

B. Restore permanent facilities used during construction to their specified condition.

C. Remove and replace damaged surfaces that are exposed to view if surfaces cannot be repaired without visible evidence of repair.

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DIVISION 2 – EXISTING CONDITIONS

SECTION 024100 DEMOLITION

A. This work shall include all work necessary for the removal and disposal of structures, structural excavation, foundation excavation, masonry and reinforced concrete, and any other material shown or specified to be removed.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS (NOT USED)

3.1 GENERAL

A. Carry out demolition so that adjacent structures and walkways which are to remain are not damaged.

B. Protect Cave Sink walls, retaining walls, signage, vegetation, trees, logs and boulders during demolition activities.

C. Explosives: The use of explosives will not be permitted.

D. Place tarps or other form of sheeting to fully capture all debris, cuttings, filings, and etc.

and remove from the cave.

E. Remove all asphalt, metal, wood, concrete, and cement debris from Cave Sink.

F. Disposal: Legally dispose of all material not indicated to be retained for Government salvage off Forest Service Land.

3.2 CAVE SINK FENCE AND HANDRAILING

A. Remove existing perimeter chain link fence fabric, top rail and hardware at the top of the Cave Sink. Existing posts are to remain for installation of replacement fence.

B. Remove short section of chain link fence and step at south side of Welcome Center Station at the top of Cave Sink. Perform post removal in a manner that new handrail posts can be installed in the location of removed posts.

C. Remove approximately 150’ of steel handrail, including posts, on right side of trail down in to Cave Sink and 40’ of wood handrail, including posts, on the left side of trail down in to Cave Sink. Perform post removal in a manner that new handrail posts can be installed in the location of removed posts.

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D. Install new rock stair tread as need to complete the width of the stair for the new alignment.

Use rock found nearby within the cave or cave sink.

3.3 CAVE SINK ASPHALT TRAIL AND BENCHES

A. Remove all existing asphalt making up the trail within the cave sink and from the west and south sides of the Welcome Center Station.

B. Remove the existing wooden benches from the side of the trail within the Cave Sink.

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DIVISION 3 – CONCRETE

SECTION 033000 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

A. This Section specifies cast-in place concrete, including formwork, reinforcement, concrete materials, mixture design, placement procedures, and finishes, for the following:

1. Replacement trail and west and south side Welcome Center Station walkway

B. All concrete work shall be constructed to this Specification, industry standard, or the manufacturer’s recommendations, whichever is more stringent.

1.2 REFERENCES

A. ACI 301 - Structural Concrete for Buildings

B. ACI 304 - Recommended Practice for Measuring, Mixing, Transporting and Placing Concrete

C. ACI 308 - Standard Practice for Curing Concrete

D. ACI 318 - Building Code Requirements For Reinforced Concrete

E. ASTM C94 - Ready-Mixed Concrete

F. ASTM C150 - Portland Cement

G. ASTM C260 - Air Entraining Admixtures for Concrete

H. ACI SP-66 - American Concrete Institute - Detailing Manual

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Provide the COR with delivery ticket(s) in accordance with ASTM C94 for each load of concrete.

B. Concrete mix design.

C. Slump, air content, and compressive strength tests.

2.1 BASE AGGREGATE

A. Furnish and place according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and as specified in

Section 32 11 13 of these Specifications.

2.2 FORM-FACING MATERIALS

A. Rough-Formed Finished Concrete: Plywood, lumber, metal, or another approved material. Provide lumber dressed on at least two edges and one side for tight fit.

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B. Forms for Cylindrical Columns, and Supports: Metal, paper, or fiber tubes that will produce surfaces with gradual or abrupt irregularities not exceeding specified formwork surface class. Provide units with sufficient wall thickness to resist plastic concrete loads without detrimental deformation.

2.3 Concrete Reinforcement

A. Contractor shall use plain steel welded wire fabric mesh reinforcement conforming to the requirements of ASTM Specification A 185, 6 x 6 – (D/W) 1.4x (D/W) 1.4 where indicated in the typical details included in the Plans for the sidewalk.

2.4 CONCRETE MIXTURES, GENERAL

A. Prepare design mixtures for each type and strength of concrete.

2.5 CONCRETE MIXTURES FOR FOUNDATION ELEMENTS

A. General: Prepare design mixes to conform to the specific requirements noted below and in accordance with ACI 318, Chapter 5, “Concrete Quality, Mixing and Placing.” OR provide prepackaged concrete mix with aggregate for site mixing within the cave

B. Footings slabs and Piers: Proportion normal-weight concrete mixture as follows:

1. Minimum Compressive Strength: 3000 psi at 28 days

2. Maximum Water-Cementitious Materials Ratio: 0.50.

3. Slump Limit: 5 inches max

4. If used, provide fiber reinforcement meeting ASTM-C-1116-89

2.4 CONCRETE MIXES FOR COMMERCIALLY BATCHED CONCRETE

A. Select the proportions for each concrete mix in accordance ACI 301, Method 1.

B. Provide a commercially available plant batched approved mix design normally used in

Federal, State or Municipal construction projects conforming to the following criteria:

1. Flatwork Concrete:

a. Compressive Strength (28 days): 3,000 psi minimum

b. Slump: 5 inches +/- 1 inch at the point of placement.

c. Entrained Air: 6% +/- 1.5% at the point of placement for concrete exposed to weather.

d. Maximum Aggregate Size: 3/4 inch

e. Maximum water/cement ratio: 0.51

f. Color additive: integral coloring agent mixed at batching such as Davis Colors, or approved equal, Color charts to be submitted for selection by owner prior to batching

C. Use accelerating admixtures in cold weather only when approved by the Engineer.

D. Use retarding mixtures only when approved by the Engineer.

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2.5 ACCESSORY MATERIALS

A. Curing materials:

1. Liquid membrane-forming: ASTM C309, Type 1, Class A or B.

2. Curing paper; polyethylene film, or polyethylene-coated burlap complying with

ASTM C171.

B. Epoxy-resin bonding agent: ASTM C881, Type II, grade and class as required by field conditions. High strength two component thixotropic epoxy bonding agent specifically formulated for bonding new concrete to old. Minimum mechanical properties shall be as follows:

Tensile Strength 3,500 psi Elongation at Break (ASTM D638) 2.5% Compressive Yield Strength 9,000 psi Compressive Modulus (ASTM D695) 2.0 x 105 psi

3.1 CONCRETE PRODUCTION

A. Concrete may be ready-mixed or site-mixed as specified in ASTM C94 and ACI 301 with the following modifications and additional requirements.

1. Retempering of concrete, i.e. remixing with or without additional cement, aggregates, water, or admixtures, will not be permitted.

2. Addition of water in excess of the amount specified in the approved mix design will not be permitted at any time, with or without additional cement and regardless of the water-cement ratio, slump, or other characteristics which would result from such addition.

Addition of any water at the jobsite will be presumed to be a violation of this provision unless the Engineer’s approval has been obtained for procedures to add all or part of the mixing water at the jobsite.

3. Discharge concrete into forms within 90 minutes following the first intermingling of water and cement or cement and aggregates, whichever occurs first. If the air temperature is 85 degrees F or higher, the time limit specified above shall be reduced to 60 minutes unless the Engineer’s approval has been obtained for means to maintain acceptable concrete quality without such time reduction.

4. Temperature of concrete at the time it is discharged shall not exceed 80 degrees F. The minimum concrete temperature shall be as specified in ACI 301.

5. Do not use concrete that has been subjected to more than 250 total revolutions of any combination of mixing and agitating equipment following the first introduction of

Lava River Cave Trail & Fence Construction Page 22 of 40 aggregates to the mixer.

6. Mixed concrete shall be homogeneous in distribution of material and uniform in consistency and color.

B. For the purpose of this specification, dry-batched concrete is defined as ready-mixed concrete produced by a process in which the dry ingredients are transported to the jobsite in a truck mixer and the addition of liquid ingredients and the completion of mixing is accomplished at the jobsite. Dry-batched concrete will only be permitted subject to conformance to the requirements for ready-mixed concrete as modified and augmented by the following:

1. Batch mixing water and admixtures in liquid form at the batching plant into a separate tank mounted on the truck mixer. Add water and admixtures at the jobsite under pressure at both front and rear of the drum with the drum rotating at mixing speed. Place concrete promptly upon completion of mixing.

2. The maximum allowable times between intermingling of cement and aggregates and placing of the concrete in its final position in the forms may be increased by 50 percent above the times specified above if all liquid ingredients are added at the jobsite. No increase in the maximum allowable number of revolutions of mixing and agitating equipment will be permitted.

3.2 CONCRETE PLACEMENT AND FINISHING

A. General

1. Concrete Trail: Pour a 4”-thick sidewalk over minimum 4” of compacted, ¾” minus aggregate as shown on the Plans.

2. Do not allow concrete to be spilled or splashed unintentionally onto any surfaces in the cave. Before mixing or placing concrete, cover the nearby area to prevent concrete from being spilled or slashed onto adjacent surfaces.

3. Before placing concrete within the Cave Sink area, verify that installation of formwork, reinforcement, and embedded items is complete and that required inspections have been performed.

B. Preparation:

1. All surfaces of foundations and finished subgrades upon or against which concrete is to be placed shall be clean and free from standing water, mud and debris, oil, objectionable coatings, and loose, semidetached, or unsound fragments. All foundations and finished subgrades shall be free from frost or ice when concrete is placed upon or against them.

Moisten surfaces of foundations thoroughly so that moisture will not be drawn from the freshly placed concrete.

2. Do not place concrete until all formwork, reinforcing steel, installation of parts to be

Lava River Cave Trail & Fence Construction Page 23 of 40 embedded, and preparation of surfaces involving placement have been concurred to by the Engineer. Do not place concrete in water. Place concrete with methods that do not allow for segregation of the aggregates from the mixture. Do not drop concrete in excess of 3 feet during placement to prevent segregation. Neither place concrete in running water, nor subject concrete to the action of running water until after the concrete has hardened.

Maintain 2 inches of concrete cover over reinforcement, in conformance with ACI 318

3. Clean all surfaces of forms and embedded materials of all mortar or grout before placing the surrounding or adjacent concrete.

C. Placement

1. Notify CO a minimum of 24 hours prior to placement.

2. Convey concrete from a mixer to the forms as near final position as practical in a manner which will prevent segregation or loss of materials.

3. Place each concrete section in a continuous operation.

4. Do not drop concrete freely from higher than 3 feet above the surface of concrete being poured.

5. Do not place concrete in water or allow water to rise over freshly placed concrete until a set is sufficient to prevent damage

D. Consolidation:

1. Consolidate concrete in accordance with recommendations in ACI 309R. Consolidate all concrete, except slabs four inches thick or less, by means of high-frequency, internal, mechanical vibrating equipment supplemented by hand spading and tamping. Consolidate slabs four inches thick or less by means of vibrating screeds or, for small areas such as curbs, wood tampers. Do not vibrate forms or reinforcement. Cease consolidation when the concrete has been compacted thoroughly and ceases to decrease in volume.

E. Finishing:

1. Boardwalk and stair footing finish shall be as follows: troweled smooth, sloped to drain and given a final light brush finish.

2. Colored concrete trail and walkway adjacent to the Welcome Center Station shall have deep tooled joints at a maximum of 5’ spacing to control cracking and construction or isolation joints shall be placed a maximum of every 30 feet to allow for expansion and to control cracking. Deep tooled control joints shall be a minimum of 1/3 the full depth of the concrete with a smooth radius on each edge. Construction or isolation joints shall be full depth through the new concrete cross section, have a smooth radius on each edge and contain a compressible pre-molded joint filler to act as a bond breaker and allow for expansion. Pre-molded joint filler is to be resilient, flexible, non-extruding, expansion-contraction joint filler with cellular fibers securely bonded together, uniformly saturated with asphalt. Use FIBRE EXPANSION JOINT or ASPHALT EXPANSION JOINT by W. R. MEADOWS, INC. or approved equal.

3. Colored concrete trail and walkway are to have a medium-heavy broom finish transverse

Lava River Cave Trail & Fence Construction Page 24 of 40 to the direction of travel to provide pedestrian traction and prevent slipping for safety reasons.

3.3 CURING AND PROTECTION

B. General: Protect freshly placed concrete from premature drying and excessive cold or hot temperatures. Comply with ACI 306.1 for cold-weather protection and ACI 301 for hot-weather protection during curing.

C. Cure unformed concrete surfaces immediately, and formed surfaces immediately following removal of forms. Protect concrete during curing period from excessively hot or cold temperatures and mechanical injury.

C. Concrete shall be cured by one of the methods “a.” through “e.” described in ACI 301R, Paragraph 5.3.6.4.

D. Cure concrete for a minimum of 7 days.

3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Retain services of a certified testing laboratory to perform concrete sampling and compressive strength tests in accordance with ACI 301, and as specified herein.

1. Compressive strength tests will be performed for concrete mix placed in any one day, but in any event at least one set of compression test cylinders will be made to represent each lift of concrete placed.

2. A set of cylinders will consist of six cylinders: Two for testing at seven days, two for testing at twenty eight days, and two for spares.

B. Perform slump and air content tests whenever compression test cylinders are made, and at other times as often as is necessary, to control the quality of the concrete. Perform temperature tests whenever compression test cylinders are made, and in hot or cold weather at frequent intervals until satisfactory control is established.

C. Contractor shall furnish and maintain storage boxes for curing concrete test cylinders within the temperature range of 60 to 80 degrees F. Provide each box with a hasp to permit pad-locking and a minimum-maximum registering thermometer.

Lava River Cave Trail & Fence Construction Page 25 of 40

DIVISION 5 – METALS

SECTION 051200 STRUCTURAL STEEL FRAMING

A. This section describes the type of structural steel and finish to be used. The contractor may submit alternative materials, which must be approved by the CO.

B. This Section includes the following:

1. Structural steel.

2. Architecturally exposed structural steel.

3. Grout.

A. Structural Steel: Elements of structural-steel frame, as classified by AISC's "Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges," that support design loads.

1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Installer Qualifications: A qualified installer who participates in a quality control program.

B. Fabricator Qualifications: A qualified fabricator who participates in a quality control program.

C. Welding: Qualify procedures and personnel according to AWS D1.1, "Structural

Welding Code--Steel."

D. Coating applicator: Company specializing in hot-dip galvanizing after fabrication and following the procedures in the Quality Assurance Manual of the American Galvanizers Association.

E. Comply with applicable provisions of the following specifications and documents:

1. AISC's "Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges."

2. AISC's "Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings" and "Supplement No. 2."

3. AISC's "Specification for Structural Steel Buildings--Allowable Stress Design and

Plastic Design."

4. AISC's "Specification for the Design of Steel Hollow Structural Sections."

5. RCSC's "Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts."

Lava River Cave Trail & Fence Construction Page 26 of 40

1.4 COORDINATION

A. Furnish anchorage items to be embedded in or attached to other construction without delaying the Work. Provide setting diagrams, sheet metal templates, instructions, and directions for installation.

2.1 STRUCTURAL-STEEL MATERIALS

A. Material for galvanizing to be geometrically suitable for galvanizing as described in ASTM A 384 and A 386. Steel materials suitable for galvanizing include structural shapes, pipe, sheet, fabrications and assemblies.

B. Channels and Angles: ASTM A 588/A 588M.

C. Cold Formed Channels and Angles: ASTM A36/ASTM A36M

D. Plate and Bar: ASTM A588/A588M.

E. Cold-Formed Hollow Structural Sections: ASTM A500, Grade B, structural tubing.

F. Steel Pipe: ASTM A53/A53M, Type E or S, Grade B.

1. Finish: Galvanized or powder coating where indicated

G. Welding Electrodes: Comply with AWS requirements.

2.2 BOLTS, CONNECTORS, AND ANCHORS

A. High-Strength Bolts, Nuts, and Washers: ASTM A 325 (ASTM A 325M), Type 1, heavy hex steel structural bolts; ASTM A 563 (ASTM A 563M) heavy hex carbon-steel nuts;

and ASTM F 436 (ASTM F 436M) hardened carbon-steel washers.

1. Finish: Galvanized.

B. Headed Anchor Rods: ASTM A 307, Grade A (ASTM F 568M, Property Class 4.6), straight.

1. Nuts: ASTM A 563 (ASTM A 563M) heavy hex carbon steel.

2. Plate Washers: ASTM A 36/A 36M carbon steel.

3. Washers: ASTM F 436 (ASTM F 436M) hardened carbon steel.

4. Finish: Galvanized.

C. Threaded Rods: ASTM A 36/A 36M.

1. Nuts: ASTM A 563 (ASTM A 563M) heavy hex carbon steel.

2. Washers: ASTM F 436 (ASTM F 436M) hardened carbon steel.

3. Finish: Galvanized.

Lava River Cave Trail & Fence Construction Page 27 of 40

2.3 GROUT

A. Cement Grout: Portland cement, ASTM C 150, Type I; and clean, natural sand, ASTM C 404, Size No.2. Mix at ratio of 1 part cement to 2-1/2 parts sand, by volume, with minimum water required for placement and hydration.

B. Nonmetallic, Shrinkage-Resistant Grout: ASTM C 1107, factory-packaged, nonmetallic aggregate grout, noncorrosive, nonstaining, mixed with water to consistency suitable for application and a 30-minute working time.

2.4 FABRICATION

A. Structural Steel: Fabricate and assemble in shop to greatest extent possible. Fabricate according to AISC's "Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges" and AISC's "Specification for Structural Steel Buildings--Allowable Stress Design and Plastic Design."

1. Mark and match-mark materials for field assembly.

2. Complete structural-steel assemblies, including welding of units, before starting shop-priming operations.

B. Thermal Cutting: Perform thermal cutting by machine to greatest extent possible.

1. Plane thermally cut edges to be welded to comply with requirements in AWS D1.1.

C. Bolt Holes: Cut, drill or punch standard bolt holes perpendicular to metal surfaces.

D. Weep Holes: Cut, drill or punch standard 1/8” diameter weep holes perpendicular to metal surfaces at all closed sections, or as indicated on the drawings.

E. Finishing: Accurately finish ends of columns and other members transmitting bearing loads.

F. Holes: Provide holes required for securing other work to structural steel and for…