BSI Initial Mold Assessment Report.2024-2118.pdf

LIMITED INITIAL MOLD ASSESSMENT REPORT

FOR PROJECT:

FEMA - VSAB 1 FRF

800 N. LOOP 288

DENTON, TEXAS 76209

BSI PROJECT NO: | 2024-2118

Limited Initial Mold Assessment Report

Brighton Solutions, Inc.

P. O. BOX 573 | KELLER | TEXAS | 76244 | P – 940.206.3492 | BSI-NTEXAS.COM

July 17, 2024

Ms. Lisa White Native Energy & Technology, Inc.

12793 Cogburn Ave.

San Antonio, Texas 78249

BSI Project No. | 2024-2118 Limited Initial Mold Assessment Report

FEMA - VSAB 1 FRF

800 N. Loop 288

Denton, Texas 76209

Dear Ms. White:

Brighton Solutions, Inc. (BSI) is pleased to have the opportunity of submitting this final report for Limited Initial Mold Assessment services to Native Energy & Technology, Inc. BSI's services, which are detailed in Section 2.0 Selected Services on the following page, were conducted at the FEMA - VSAB 1 FRF, (hereinafter "Site") in the FRF Room (hereinafter "Services Areas") located at 800 N. Loop 288 in Denton, Texas.

All supporting information if applicable for these services including Service Chain of Custodies, Drawings, Lab Reports, and Licenses can be found in the Appendices at the end of this report.

If you have any questions regarding these services or any other services BSI performs, please do not hesitate to contact either Jeff Hackney at 940.206.3492 or by email at jeff@bsi-ntexas.com

Respectfully, Brighton Solutions, Inc.

Jeffrey Hackney, MAC, CIEC Mold Assessment Consultant TDLR License Number MAC1098 Expiration Date 2/18/2025 Asbestos Individual Management Planner | Asbestos Inspector DSHS License Number 205762 | 602909 Expiration Date 12/14/2024 | 1/14/2025 Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant™ Board-awarded by the American Indoor Air Quality Council™

CLIENT: Native Energy & Technology, Inc., 12793 Cogburn Ave., San Antonio, Texas 78249 PROJECT: FEMA - VSAB 1 FRF, 800 N. Loop 288, Denton, Texas 76209

A Brighton Solutions, Inc. Limited Initial Mold Assessment Report

Table of Contents

1.0 Project Summary __________________________________________________________________ 1

2.0 Selected Services __________________________________________________________________ 1

3.0 Background | History ______________________________________________________________ 2

4.0 Scope of Work ____________________________________________________________________ 2

5.0 Standard of Care | Legal Statements __________________________________________________ 3

6.0 Findings | Results _________________________________________________________________ 4

6.1 Physical Parameters Findings __________________________________________________ 5

6.2 Thermal Comfort ____________________________________________________________ 6

6.2.1 Temperature _____________________________________________________________ 6

6.3 Relative Humidity ___________________________________________________________ 6

6.3.1 Background on Relative Humidity ____________________________________________ 7

6.4 Ventilation _________________________________________________________________ 7

6.4.1 Carbon Dioxide ___________________________________________________________ 7

6.5 Inorganic Compounds ________________________________________________________ 8

6.5.1 Carbon Monoxide _________________________________________________________ 8

7.0 Conclusions | Recommendations _____________________________________________________ 8

Appendices ________________________________________________________________________ 10

Appendix A – Laboratory Analytical Report _______________________________________________ 11

Appendix B – Site Photos _____________________________________________________________ 12

Appendix C – Licenses and Certifications _________________________________________________ 15

1 | P a g e July 17, 2024

1.0 Project Summary

Client Project

Native Energy & Technology, Inc.

12793 Cogburn Ave.

San Antonio, Texas 78249

FEMA - VSAB 1 FRF

800 N. Loop 288

Denton, Texas 76209

Client Contact Ms. Lisa White

Service Area(s) VSAB 1 FRF

Lab(s) Moldlab | Texas DSHS License No. LAB0137

Sampling Date(s) July 11, 2024

Number of Samples 3 Total Bioaerosol Samples 1 Tape Lift Sample

BSI License

Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation Mold Assessment Consultant

License MAC1098

2.0 Selected Services

Services Provided

Indoor Air Quality Sampling Services

Initial Mold Assessment Services

Infrared Investigation Services

Asbestos Renovation/Demolition Survey Services

2 | P a g e July 17, 2024 A Brighton Solutions, Inc. Limited Initial Mold Assessment Report

3.0 Background | History

BSI understands, at the time of the site visit, that for about the last two weeks, there have been issues with the HVAC system and excessive humidity in the VSAB 1 FRF Room. According to Ms. Lisa White of Native Energy and Technology, the maintenance schedule for the Service Area includes filter changes every 3 months. As of the time of the site visit, there has been no mechanical contractor out to inspect the unit that services the area. According to FEMA representative David Perez, the ductwork had been cleaned by an outside contractor in the past few years but did not know the exact date at the time of the visit. BSI was also informed by another FEMA representative escort into the FRF Room, that the room has seemed excessively humid the past couple of weeks as well and stays empty most of the time.

As a result of the (moisture instrusion|water event), suspect mold growth has been observed growing on chairs, shoes, etc. in the designated Service Area(s). FEMA did not allow pictures in the area, so any pictures collected of suspect mold growth on contents were taken outside of the FRF Room. Pictures of the suspect mold growth in the Service Area(s) can be found in the Appendices at the end of this report.

4.0 Scope of Work

BSI was engaged by Client to conduct a Limited Initial Mold Assessment (“LIMA”) of Service Areas(s) (identified by the Client) at the Site in connection with visible suspect mold growth on the following components within the Service Area(s) at the Site:

• Shoes on top of lockers.

• Leather chair at desk.

• Ceiling tile and registers in the room.

Initial Mold Assessment and Post Remediation Services

BSI understands its proposed Scope of Work, based on the information provided by you in our communication will be the following:

▪ Quantify the amount of visible suspect mold on building components in the Service Area(s);

▪ Collect moisture readings of the building materials affected by the moisture intrusion.

▪ If applicable, collect physical parameters at the Site.

▪ Utilize infrared camera to identify potential areas where hidden mold may be present as a result of the moisture intrusion.

▪ Collect digital photographs of moisture and mold impacted building components in the Service

Area(s); and

▪ Document any sample locations (total bioaerosol, non-viable bulk, or non-viable surface) on the

Site drawing provided by client.

Equipment and Tools

Infrared Camera

BSI utilizes a Flir T300 infrared camera to conduct thermal investigations. The T300 has a temperature range -4°F to 1202°F (-20°Cto650°C). By definition, an infrared camera is a non-contact device that detects infrared energy (heat) and converts it into an electronic signal, which is then processed to

3 | P a g e July 17, 2024 A Brighton Solutions, Inc. Limited Initial Mold Assessment Report produce a thermal image on a video monitor and perform temperature calculations. Heat sensed by an infrared camera can be very precisely quantified, or measured, allowing you to not only monitor thermal performance, but also identify and evaluate the relative severity of heat-related problems. BSI applies this technology to detect anomalies in building materials, electrical equipment, etc. to help identify and mitigate potential or current material performance issues.

Moisture Meter

BSI utilizes a Delmhorst BD2100 Moisture Meter to verify if any building components were still wet. The Delmhorst BD2100 Moisture Meter has three scales to identify moisture: Wood Scale - 6% - 40% moisture range. Use for flooring and building material, such as wood studs, floor joists, subfloors.

Reference Scale - Reads from 0 - 100 on a relative basis. Use on non-wood materials, such as concrete, plaster, and insulation. Gypsum Scale - 0.2%-50% moisture range.

Final Report and Reliance

This is BSI’s final report documenting the findings and laboratory data at the completion of the Services.

The report details the sampling methodology, quality assurance/quality control procedures, analytical results and document locations of samples collected.

The Final Report documenting the Services has been prepared for the exclusive use of the Client solely for its use and reliance in the environmental assessment of this Site. The report represents BSI’s Services as of the report date. As our final document, it may not be altered after final issuance. The Client will be the only party to which BSI explained the risks and both were involved in shaping the scope of Services.

Accordingly, reliance on the report by any other parties may involve assumptions leading to an unintended interpretation of findings and opinions. With the consent of BSI and the Client, and for a fee, BSI may offer reliance to third parties or contract with other parties to develop findings and opinions related to such party’s unique risk management concerns. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any and all third-party reliance upon the Report shall be limited to the fair market value of the services undertaken to perform the Report as of the report date.

5.0 Standard of Care | Legal Statements

BSI conducted its Services in accordance with generally accepted industry standards of the IAQ industry within the same geographical area. BSI provides no other warranties, either expressed or implied, apply to the services hereunder.

Indoor air quality sampling represents a “snapshot in time”, meaning that the results are only pertinent during the actual time span of the sampling. Currently, there is no data that supports a threshold limit or dose-response relationship for exposure to fungal aeroallergens, individual pathogens, opportunistic pathogens and/or mycotoxins.1 The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), as well as other occupational health related associations, have not established permissible exposure limits (PELs), recommended exposure limits (RELs), or other limit values for aeroallergens.

1 Indoor Air Quality Association, Inc. IAQA 01-2000 Recommended Guidelines for Indoor Environments

4 | P a g e July 17, 2024

BSI advises Client that these Services are limited because findings are based upon interviews, anecdotal information, visual reconnaissance for fungi which may not be observable by the naked eye, and observations and sampling data derived from one or more specific sampling event (note: such observations and data change with differences in indoor temperature, humidity, etc. and change with the passage of time). Presently, these Services are governed by industry guidelines rather than mandated by federal/state or local regulations. Therefore, BSI cannot represent that the Site contains no hazardous, harmful or toxic microbes or fungi, or their metabolites, or other latent conditions beyond those identified by the limited scope of this evaluation or beyond Service Areas specified by the client. BSI’s final report of the findings are based upon information gathered from their most recent Site reconnaissance and from other activities described herein; such information is subject to change.

Certain indicators of the presence of constituents may have been latent, inaccessible, unobservable, or not present during the most recent reconnaissance and may have subsequently become observable or present.

Further, BSI’s Services are not to be construed as legal or medical interpretation or advice. BSI cannot warrant the accuracy of any prior or subsequent information/data, reports and services performed by other firms at the Site.

6.0 Findings | Results

Results of the Total Bioaerosols that were collected in the Service Areas are listed below.

Indoor Total Bioaerosol Samples

The Indoor Total Bioaerosol Samples collected on July 11, 2024 are listed below.

Sample ID Sample Location Identified Constituent Spores/M3

5992084 FRF – Open Room Area, Center

Aspergillus/Penicillium-like Cladosporium

Hyphal Fragments Myxomycetes/Periconia/Smut/Rust

>73,000

5992027 VSAB1 1st Floor Lobby

Alternaria Aspergillus/Penicillium-like

Basidiospores, non-specified Bipolaris/Dreschslera/Helminthosporium/Exserohilum

Cladosporium

2,300

5 | P a g e July 17, 2024

Outdoor Total Bioaerosol Samples

The Outdoor Total Bioaerosol Samples collected on July 11, 2024 are listed below.

Sample ID Sample Location Identified Constituent Spores/M3

5992137 Outdoor Reference – VSAB 1 S

Alternaria Ascospores, non-specified Aspergillus/Penicillium-like

Basidiospores, non-specified Bipolaris/Dreschslera/Helminthosporium/Exserohilum

Cladosporium Hyphal Fragments

Myxomycetes/Periconia/Smut/Rust

2,400

>8,900

Results of the Tape Lift Samples that were collected in the Service Areas are listed below.

Direct Exam (Non-Viable Tape Lift Samples)

The Non-Viable Tape Lift Samples collected on July 11, 2024 are listed below.

Sample ID Sample Location Identification Rating

T-1 FRF – Leather Chair Aspergillus/Penicillium-like

Hyphal Fragments Heavy Heavy

6.1 Physical Parameters Findings

BSI utilized the Graywolf IQ - 610 AdvancedSense IAQ Probe with PID to collect physical parameters in the Target Areas. The physical parameters consisted of temperature, relative humidity, and carbon dioxide. These physical parameters can play a significant part in the overall comfort of an occupied space. BSI allowed the meter to stabilize for approximately 5 minutes in each area and then recorded the readings. The averages of the physical parameters are detailed below. Tables and Graphs are included in the Appendices.

6 | P a g e July 17, 2024 A Brighton Solutions, Inc. Limited Initial Mold Assessment Report

The Physical Parameters collected on July 11, 2024 are listed below.

Location Temperature - º F Relative Humidity - % Carbon Dioxide

– ppm* Carbon Monoxide

– ppm*

FRF 75 60 510 1.4

VSAB 1 1st Floor Lobby 73.6 50.3 508 1.2

Outdoor Reference – VSAB 1 S 91.6 45.2 414 2.8

*In parts per million

6.2 Thermal Comfort

6.2.1 Temperature

The recommended summer temperature ranges for occupied spaces are 73º F to 79º F. The recommended winter temperature ranges for occupied spaces are 68º F to 74.5º F.2

6.2.1.1 Background on Thermal Comfort and Temperature

Thermal comfort represents one of the most critical aspects of indoor air quality. All indoor air quality problems begin with a complaint and thermal discomfort represents the largest parameter receiving complaints by indoor occupants. Therefore, maintaining appropriate indoor thermal comfort represents that single criteria having the greatest potential to reduce occupant complaints from indoor environments.

Providing a comfortable temperature for all building occupants, while desirable, may not necessarily be obtainable. What constitutes a comfortable temperature for one individual may not be acceptable for another. Individual ambient temperature needs may vary with physiology, activity, age, clothing, and health with overall thermal demands of the building being affected by air movement, humidity, solar gain, and occupancy. The thermal parameters of a building may not please all of the people all of the time, but the operational parameters selected must be generally accepted and supported both by the population in general, as well as organizations and associations that are recognized for conducting formal investigations in indoor thermal comfort.

6.3 Relative Humidity

The inside relative humidity ranged from a high of 60% in the FRF Room to a low of 50.3% in the VSAB 1 1st Floor Lobby. The recommended relative humidity guideline for indoor air environments is a range between 30% and 60%.3

2 ASHRAE Standard 55-2010; Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy.

3 ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010; Standard for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality

7 | P a g e July 17, 2024 A Brighton Solutions, Inc. Limited Initial Mold Assessment Report

6.3.1 Background on Relative Humidity

Relative humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air compared to what it can actually hold at a given temperature. Research has clearly demonstrated the problems associated with air that is too dry or too moist. The relationship of relative humidity to the prevalence of a variety of microorganisms is clear. Moisture typically stimulates the growth and amplification of mites, fungi, and bacteria.

Amplification can ultimately result in the production of an undesirable Bioaerosol that can have a variety of negative health effects on humans. Extremely dry environments can result in the drying of nasal mucous, which is an excellent source to support the growth of infectious agents. Adequate moisture is also necessary for the proper function of cilia, pharynx, larynx, trachea and lungs. Productivity and performance have been shown to correlate with 30%-60% relative humidity. Additionally, research indicates that 40%-50% relative humidity, with temperatures of 68-70 F produces the healthiest conditions for living and working areas and for recovery from diseases of the respiratory system.

Relative humidity can be maintained by providing humidification when the relative humidity is too low and dehumidification when the water vapor in the air is too high. Assuring the proper moisture content in the air is an added burden to the costs of maintaining a building and requires the building manager to develop HVAC operational strategies beyond energy management and thermal comfort.

6.4 Ventilation

6.4.1 Carbon Dioxide

The inside carbon dioxide levels ranged from a high of 510 parts per million (ppm) in the FRF Room, east end to a low of 508 ppm in the VSAB 1 1st Floor Lobby. The recommended ventilation guideline for indoor environments is <700 ppm carbon dioxide over ambient.4 Ambient carbon dioxide was 414 ppm.

6.4.1.1 Background on Ventilation and Carbon Dioxide

Carbon dioxide, or CO2, is a colorless, odorless gas and is commonly recognized as a product of combustion and cellular respiration. As a result of the latter, CO2 is one of the products that is routinely exhaled by humans. Normally, CO2 exists at ambient outdoor concentrations between 350 and 450 parts per million (ppm). Consequently, it is not uncommon to find CO2 in concentrations greater that outdoors in an occupied indoor space. The specific relationship of human occupation and carbon dioxide levels is utilized as a means to evaluate the ventilation rate of an indoor environment.

The lack of ventilation prevents the dilution and/or purging of any indoor contaminants that are released in the occupied spaces. These may include various off gases from materials, products and machines, but also includes the occupants themselves. With the exception of thermal comfort, adequate ventilation has been reported as the single most important parameter resulting in IAQ complaints. Caution should be utilized when evaluating ventilation parameters. Increasing ventilation may increase the potential of introducing other contaminants into the building. Extreme care is advised to ensure adequate pre-treatment and filtering of outdoor air.

4 ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010; Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality

8 | P a g e July 17, 2024 A Brighton Solutions, Inc. Limited Initial Mold Assessment Report

6.5 Inorganic Compounds

6.5.1 Carbon Monoxide

Carbon monoxide levels are typically lower than the recommended guideline for carbon monoxide in indoor environments which is 9 ppm/8-hour average.5

6.5.1.1 Background on Carbon Monoxide

Carbon monoxide, or CO, is a colorless, odorless gas and is commonly recognized as a product of organic combustion in a limited supply of oxygen. Gasoline fueled engines produce 1 – 10% CO in the exhaust.

CO produced in the outdoor environment can enter the indoor environment by various routes such as ingress from entrances and exits, outdoor air introduction of the HVAC system or intrusion due to pressure differentials. CO can be produced directly from the indoor environment from wood-burning fireplaces, gas-fired water heaters, and gas-fired air conditioners. CO poisoning in the residential environment is common and has prompted the introduction of CO sensors.

CO is an asphyxiate. Common symptoms are dizziness, dull headache, nausea, ringing in the ears and pounding of the heart. Damage to the central nervous system, brain and circulatory system can occur when CO inhalation induces unconsciousness. Acute exposure can be fatal. Young children and persons with asthma, anemia, heart and hyper metabolic diseases are more susceptible.

7.0 Conclusions | Recommendations

Based on the results of the Total Bioaerosol Air Samples and the surface (tape) sample collected on July 11, 2024, in the FRF Room, BSI concludes the following:

▪ The indoor air sample collected in the FRF Room had concentrations of Aspergillus/Penicillium-like spores that were well over 10x higher than the outdoor reference sample as well as the VSAB 1 Lobby air sample. According to the “Air Glossary” supplied by the laboratory, Aspergillus/Penicillium-like spores are considered allergens and opportunistic pathogens and listed as one of the most infectious types of molds, but infections are not common in normal, healthy immune systems.

▪ The indoor air sample collected in the VSAB 1 1st Floor Lobby had concentrations of Aspergillus/Penicillium-like spores that were over 10x higher than the outdoor reference sample.

▪ The surface (tape) sample revealed a Heavy Rating of Aspergillus/Penicillium-like spores as well as a Heavy Rating of Hyphal Fragments on the Leather Chair in the FRF Room.

▪ There is confirmed visible mold growth on a pair of shoes, and leather chair in the room.

▪ There was evidence of dirty registers, ceiling tile and water stained ceiling tiles in the room.

▪ The temperature within the areas sampled were within recommended summer temperature ranges for occupied spaces of 73º F to 79º F.

▪ The relative humidity within the areas sampled were in the higher range of 50-60%.

▪ The carbon dioxide readings were within acceptable ranges.

Based upon the conclusions, BSI recommends the following:

5 U.S. EPA, National Ambient Air Quality Standard for a Maximum Allowable Outdoor Average Over 8 Hours

9 | P a g e July 17, 2024 A Brighton Solutions, Inc. Limited Initial Mold Assessment Report

1. Contract a TDLR licensed mold remediation contractor to properly remediate and clean the contents and building materials in the FRF Room. There is less than 25 contiguous square feet of visible mold growth in the room and will not require state notification.

2. Contract a licensed HVAC contractor to conduct inspections of the interior of the HVAC units, paying particular attention to the coils and drain pans. Should cleaning be required, BSI recommends that all cleaning should be conducted in accordance with the most current National Air Duct Cleaners Associations (NADCA) Standard ACR (Assessment, Cleaning and Restoration of HVAC Systems). Mitigate all issues that do not allow proper dehumidification.

3. Contract BSI to perform clearance testing after remediation to verify that the remediation efforts were completed adequately.

Appendices

Appendix A – Laboratory Analytical Report

Air Exam Chain of CustodyCLIENT INFORMATION Brighton Solutions

P.O. Box 573 Keller, Texas 76244

PROJECT INFORMATION

FEMA - VSAB 1 FRF

800 N. Loop 288 Denton, Texas 76209

Test Code 1: Spore Trap -fungal limited Analysis Method: ASTM Designation D7391-17 (Modified)

This test report contains the following sections: Cover, Snapshot, Report, Flashback, FAQ, Glossary, Cover, Report and Glossary.

Approved by:

Kristina Rucker, Lab Director

Submitted By: Jeff Hackney | via: Hand Delivered | Submittal Date: 7/11/2024 | Sample Date: 7/11/2024 | Analysis Date: 7/12/2024 | Report Date: 7/12/2024 | Lab Job No.: 24-108442 | Technician: Connor Fiscus

2501 Mayes Rd #110 Carrollton, Texas 75006

P - (972) 820-9373 Toll Free (866) 416-6653

Website - www.moldlab.com

Results apply only to samples as received and tested. Results may not be reported or reproduced except in full without written approval of Moldlab. All samples were received in acceptable condition unless noted in the Tech Notes section. Field blank correction of results is not applied. An estimate of measurement uncertainty is provided upon request. Moldlab assumes no responsibility for sample collection or handling prior to receipt at the laboratory. This report does not express or imply interpretation of the results contained herein.

LAB0137 by the Texas Dept. of Licensing and RegulationAIHA LAP, LLC EMLAP Accredited ID No. 154782 Report Approved by Kristina Rucker

Page 1 | 1

This test report contains the following sections: Cover, Snapshot, Report, Flashback, FAQ, Glossary, Cover, Report and Glossary.

>FRF - Open Room Area, Center VSAB 1 Lobby

>Outdoor Reference - VSAB 1 S

Identification Compares

Sample Number Volume (L)

Raw s/m³ Raw s/m³ Raw s/m³

Alternaria - - 2 87 F 6 260

Ascospores, non-specified - - - - F 9 390

Aspergillus/Penicillium-like >100 >73,000 53 2,300 F 8 350

Basidiospores, non-specified - - 2 87 F 56 2,400

Bipolaris/Dreschslera/Helminthosporium/Exserohilum- - 1 44 F 2 87

Cladosporium 3 130 14 610 F >100 >8,900

Hyphal Fragments 1 44 - - F 5 220

Myxomycetes/Periconia/Smut/Rust 2 87 - - F 1 44

Total Fungal Structures >106 >73,000 72 3,100 >190 >13,000

Non-Microbial Debris Field Rating

Submitted By: Jeff Hackney | Submittal Date: 7/11/2024 12:15:00 PM | Report Date: 7/12/2024 | Lab Job No.: 24-108442 | Analyst: Connor Fiscus Page 1 | 1

5992137

Moderate

If a structure is not listed, or listed with a (-), it was not observed in the sample(s) submitted. Debris rating estimates the total non-fungal particle load on the sample. Ratings of None Detected, Trace (>0 to 5%), Light (>5% to 25%), Moderate (>25% to 75%), Heavy (>75% to 90%), and Occluded (>90%) are used. A rating of Light or higher may have a higher number of structures present than indicated. The higher the rating, the greater the negative bias. A rating of Occluded makes quantitative results impossible; instead, any structures detected will be marked as Detected.

Concentrations are rounded to two significant figures. The 'total' field may not add up to sum of individual types due to this rounding. The maximum raw count is 100 due to stopping rules. The calculated concentration for a 100 raw count sample will vary depending on the traverse in which the stopping rule was applied. Yellow highlighted concentrations are higher than the reference.

Red highlighted concentrations are 10x higher than the reference.

Samples analyzed by

MoldLab, Ltd.

2501 Mayes Rd #110

Carrollton, Texas 75006

Toll Free (866) 416-6653

Website - www.moldlab.com

5992084

Light

VSAB 1 Lobby

5992027

Light

CLIENT INFORMATION:

Brighton Solutions

P.O. Box 573

Keller, Texas 76244

PROJECT INFORMATION:

FEMA - VSAB 1 FRF

800 N. Loop 288

Denton, Texas 76209

Project No.: 2024 - 2118

Snapshot Test Code 1: Spore Trap -fungal limited

Analysis Method: ASTM Designation D7391-17 (Modified)

Location to Reference Comparison

FRF - Open Room

Area, Center

Outdoor Reference -

VSAB 1 S

20000

40000

60000

80000

>73,000

3,100 >13,000

C o n ce n tr at io n

(s /m

³)

Overview

FRF - Open Room Area, Center VSAB 1 Lobby Outdoor Reference - VSAB 1 S

Yellow highlighted Red highlighted

ReportCLIENT INFORMATION

P.O. Box 573 Keller, Texas 76244

PROJECT INFORMATION

FEMA - VSAB 1 FRF

800 N. Loop 288 Denton, Texas 76209

Test Code 1: Spore Trap -fungal limited

Analysis Method: ASTM Designation D7391-17 (Modified)

This test report contains the following sections: Cover, Snapshot, Report, Flashback, FAQ, Glossary, Cover, Report and Glossary.

599213759921375992137

Outdoor Reference - VSAB 1 S Side

Outdoor Reference - VSAB 1 S Side

Outdoor Reference - VSAB 1 S Side

Identification

Volume (L): 75

Allergenco DSample Type:

Raw Count (s/m³)* (s/m³)* Concentration Analytical Sensitivity

Sample No:

Location:

5992137

Outdoor Reference - VSAB 1 S Side

599213759921375992137

Outdoor Reference - VSAB 1 S Side

Outdoor Reference - VSAB 1 S Side

Outdoor Reference - VSAB 1 S Side

Analysis Date: 7/12/2024 Sample Start Time: 10:37

Sample Stop Time: 10:42

Raw Count (s/m³)* (s/m³)*Identification Concentration Analytical Sensitivity

% Sample Analyzed**: 30.56%

Alternaria 6 260 44 Ascospores, non-specified 9 390 44

Aspergillus/Penicillium-like 8 350 44 Basidiospores, non-specified 56 2,400 44

Bipolaris/Dreschslera/Helminthosporium/ 2 87 44 Cladosporium >100 >8,900 89

Myxomycetes/Periconia/Smut/Rust 1 44 44

Hyphal Fragments 5 220 44

Total Fungal Structures/m³*: >13,000

2% 3% 19%

1%

70%

2%0% 3%

Non-Microbial Debris Field Rating

Moderate Moderate Moderate ModerateModerate Moderate

Relative Mold Type Concentration

2% 3% 19%

1%

70%

2%0% 3%

A lternaria

A sco spo res, no n-specif ied

A spergillus/ P enicillium-like

B asidio spo res, no n-specif ied

B ipo laris / D reschslera/ H elmintho spo rium/ Exsero hilum

C lado spo rium

H yphal F ragments

M yxo mycetes/ P erico nia/ Smut/ R ust

Submitted By: Jeff Hackney | via: Hand Delivered | Submittal Date: 7/11/2024 12:15:00 PM | Sample Date: 7/11/2024 | Analysis Date: 7/12/2024 | Report Date: 7/12/2024 | Lab Job No.: 24-108442 | Technician:

Connor Fiscus

Tech Notes: Page 1 | 3

This test report contains the following sections: Cover, Snapshot, Report, Flashback, FAQ, Glossary, Cover, Report and Glossary.

599208459920845992084

FRF - Open Room Area, Center FRF - Open Room Area, CenterFRF - Open Room Area, Center

Identification

Volume (L): 75

Allergenco DSample Type:

Raw Count (s/m³)* (s/m³)* Concentration Analytical Sensitivity

Sample No:

Location:

5992084

FRF - Open Room Area, Center

599208459920845992084

FRF - Open Room Area, CenterFRF - Open Room Area, CenterFRF - Open Room Area, Center

Analysis Date: 7/12/2024 Sample Start Time: 10:52

Sample Stop Time: 10:57

Raw Count (s/m³)* (s/m³)*Identification Concentration Analytical Sensitivity

% Sample Analyzed**: 30.56%

Aspergillus/Penicillium-like >100 >73,000 730 Cladosporium 3 130 44

Myxomycetes/Periconia/Smut/Rust 2 87 44

Hyphal Fragments 1 44 44

Total Fungal Structures/m³*: >73,000

100%

0%0%0%

Non-Microbial Debris Field Rating

Light Light Light LightLight Light

Relative Mold Type Concentration

100%

0%0%0%A spergillus/ P enicillium-like C lado spo rium

H yphal F ragments M yxo mycetes/ P erico nia/ Smut/ R ust

Submitted By: Jeff Hackney | via: Hand Delivered | Submittal Date: 7/11/2024 12:15:00 PM | Sample Date: 7/11/2024 | Analysis Date: 7/12/2024 | Report Date: 7/12/2024 | Lab Job No.: 24-108442 | Technician:

Tech Notes: Page 2 | 3

This test report contains the following sections: Cover, Snapshot, Report, Flashback, FAQ, Glossary, Cover, Report and Glossary.

599202759920275992027

VSAB 1 Lobby VSAB 1 LobbyVSAB 1 Lobby

Identification

Volume (L): 75

Allergenco DSample Type:

Raw Count (s/m³)* (s/m³)* Concentration Analytical Sensitivity

Sample No:

Location:

5992027

VSAB 1 Lobby

599202759920275992027

VSAB 1 Lobby VSAB 1 LobbyVSAB 1 Lobby

Analysis Date: 7/12/2024 Sample Start Time: 11:11

Sample Stop Time: 11:16

Raw Count (s/m³)* (s/m³)*Identification Concentration Analytical Sensitivity

% Sample Analyzed**: 30.56%

Alternaria 2 87 44 Aspergillus/Penicillium-like 53 2,300 44

Basidiospores, non-specified 2 87 44 Bipolaris/Dreschslera/Helminthosporium/ 1 44 44

Cladosporium 14 610 44

Total Fungal Structures/m³*: 3,100

3%

3% 1%

19%

74%

Non-Microbial Debris Field Rating

Light Light Light LightLight Light

Relative Mold Type Concentration

3%

3%1%

19%

74%

A lternaria

A spergillus/ P enicillium-like

B asidio spo res, no n-specif ied

B ipo laris / D reschslera/ H elmintho spo rium/ Exsero hilum

C lado spo rium

Submitted By: Jeff Hackney | via: Hand Delivered | Submittal Date: 7/11/2024 12:15:00 PM | Sample Date: 7/11/2024 | Analysis Date: 7/12/2024 | Report Date: 7/12/2024 | Lab Job No.: 24-108442 | Technician:

Connor Fiscus

2501 Mayes Rd #110 Carrollton, Texas 75006

P - (972) 820-9373 Toll Free (866) 416-6653

Website - www.moldlab.com

Tech Notes:

If a structure is not listed, it was not observed in the sample(s) submitted. Debris rating estimates the total non-fungal particle load on the sample. Ratings of Non Detected, Trace (>0 to 5%), Light (>5% to 25%), Moderate (>25% to 75%), Heavy (>75% to 90%), and Occluded (>90%) are used. A rating of Light or higher may have a higher number of structures present than indicated. The higher the rating, the greater the negative bias. A rating of Occluded makes quantitative results impossible: any structures detected will be marked as Detected.

Concentrations are rounded to two significant figures. The 'total' field may not add up to the sum of individual types due to this rounding. The maximum raw count is 100 due to stopping rules. The calculated concentration for a 100 raw count sample will vary depending on the traverse in which the stopping rule was applied. Sample volumes are provided by the customer and impact the validity of structure concentrations. * s/m³ is structures/m³. A structure is the analyte of interest chosen by the client. **Refers to percent of sample in which structures are enumerated. If you have any questions regarding count rules, please call the lab.

Page 3 | 3

Concentration (s/m³)IdentificationConcentration (s/m³)Identification

2-Week Average Outdoor Data July Historical Average Outdoor Data

Alternaria 170

Ascospores, non-specified 700

Aspergillus/Penicillium-like 440

Basidiospores, non-specified 2,400

Bipolaris/Dreschslera/Helminthosporium/Exserohilum 420

Cercospora 61

Cladosporium 3,700

Curvularia 81

Epicoccum <43

Fusarium <43

Hyphal Fragments 150

Myxomycetes/Periconia/Smut/Rust 220

Non-specified spore <43

110Alternaria

730Ascospores, non-specified

710Aspergillus/Penicillium-like

2,000Basidiospores, non-specified

65Bipolaris/Dreschslera/Helminthosporium/Exserohilum

54Cercospora

2,200Cladosporium

46Curvularia

130Hyphal Fragments

260Myxomycetes/Periconia/Smut/Rust

Mold Type Concentration Comparison

<43220<43<4342081170150

54N/A260N/A46110130

N/A65

2200 2000

Cladosporium

Aspergillus/

Basidiospore

Ascospores, Hyphal Fragm

Alternaria

Curvularia

Bipolaris/Dr

Epicoccum

Fusarium

Myxomycetes/

Non-specifie

Cercospora

2-Week Data

Monthly Data

Page 1 | 1

Report Date: 7/11/2024 | Sample Date: 7/11/2024

2501 Mayes Rd #110 Carrollton, Texas 75006

P - (972) 820-9373 Toll Free (866) 416-6653

Website - www.moldlab.com

2-Week average Outdoor Data is from 6/27/2024 - 7/11/2024. July Historical Average Outdoor Data is the mean Calculated Concentration for outdoor samples from selected clients from selected zip codes considered by MoldLab to be part of the DFW area. Contact the lab for a complete list of zip codes. Data may not be applicable to areas outside of these zip codes. Outdoor data begins in 2015 and ends in 2023, and is exclusive to the month listed. This report is not intended as a replacement for an outdoor reference sample. Mold types that were not listed in the 2-Week Average Data were not detected, or were detected at a level <22 spores/m³. Mold types that were not listed in the Historical Average Outdoor Data were not detected, or were detected at a level <43 spores/m³. No correction for statistical significance or uncertainty of measurement has been applied.

Mold Types listed as "N/A" in the Mold Type Concentration Comparison chart were not detected at a statistically significant level. Moldlab assumes no responsibility for sample collection or handling prior to receipt at the laboratory. This report does not express or imply interpretation of the results contained herein.LAB0137 by the Texas Dept. of Licensing and Regulation.

Air Exam FAQCLIENT INFORMATION

P.O. Box 573 Keller, Texas 76244

PROJECT INFORMATION

FEMA - VSAB 1 FRF

800 N. Loop 288 Denton, Texas 76209

Test Code 1: Spore Trap -fungal limited

Analysis Method: ASTM Designation D7391-17 (Modified)

This test report contains the following sections: Cover, Snapshot, Report, Flashback, FAQ, Glossary, Cover, Report and Glossary.

How do I know if the results are normal?

The general guideline is that the concentration and types of spores in the inside sample should be similar to or lower than the concentration in the baseline/reference sample. Due to the high variability in results, this test is mainly used to alert one to potential problems that may have been missed by visual inspection. Accurate measurements of true airborne concentrations require multiple samples taken during different times, and it can involve complex statistical analysis. The category Aspergillus / Penicillium are small (1-3 microns), round, colorless spores that may include Gliocladium, Trichoderma, other morphologically consistent with Aspergillus / Penicillium spore types. A culture sample would be necessary to differentiate between them.

Currently there are no dose response relationship statistics for allowable or safe levels of aeroallergens. However, if spores of Aspergillus / Penicillium are found at higher levels than outside, or Stachybotrys are found inside at even low concentrations, further investigation of the source should be conducted by a IAQ professional.

What is the Calculated Concentration ?

The Calculated Concentration is a measure of the concentration of mold spores in the air, and is listed as spores per cubic meter of air. It is useful for comparing samples and understanding how many spores are in a given section of air. This is calculated based on the air flow rate of the pump, the time the pump was run for, the proportion of the sample enumerated, and the raw count. It is calculated as ((100/Proportion of Sample Analyzed)/(Air Flow Rate * Pump Run Time)*(Raw Count). This number is then rounded to two significant figures. The calculated concentration is useful for comparing samples with different volumes, sample types, and counting methods. It is also useful for understanding how many spores there are in a given section of air. If you believe that the air flow rate and pump run time may be incorrect for some or all of your samples, please contact the lab and we can correct this for you.

What is the Raw count on the report?

The ‘raw’ count is how many spores the technician actually viewed on your sample while looking through the microscope. We use this number to generate the calculated concentration.

Moldlab stops counting spores at 100 and reports as ">100."

Can you tell me a little more about Airborne Mold Spore samples?

This type of sample is a non-cultured air sample. Results are reported in concentrations of spores per cubic meter (spores/m3). This test is referred to as a "snapshot" of the air at the exact time of sampling. The test works by pumping a controlled volume of air through a spore trap. The spore trap has a sticky substance on its surface which captures any particles from the air, including mold spores. Results account for both live and dead spores as well as pollen, skin, insect parts etc. (if a full profile analysis is requested).

What is the debris field rating ?

The 'debris field rating' is a visual estimate made by the technician of how much non-fungal debris there is on the sample. The rating includes all non fungal particulate (fibers, debris, pollen, insects, skin, etc.). The scale includes ratings of 'None Detected, 'trace,' 'light,' 'moderate,' 'heavy,' and 'occluded'. 'None detected'= no sample was detected on the slide(possibly due to equipment failure or user error). 'Trace'= trace amounts of debris are present. 'Minor'= small amounts of debris are present. 'Moderate'= an average amount of debris present.

'Heavy'=indicates a high concentration of debris particulate. Lastly, 'occluded'= indicates the amount of particulate on the sample is so concentrated that the technician could not see through it to count and identify accurately. This is a common occurrence in wall cavities, construction areas, crawlspaces or other particularly dusty environments. The higher the debris rating, the greater the negative bias of results.

Submitted By: Jeff Hackney | via: Hand Delivered | Submittal Date: 7/11/2024 12:15:00 PM | Sample Date: 7/11/2024 | Analysis Date: 7/12/2024 | Report Date: 7/12/2024 1:32:16 PM | Lab Job No.: 24-108442 | Technician: Connor Fiscus

Page 1 | 2

This test report contains the following sections: Cover, Snapshot, Report, Flashback, FAQ, Glossary, Cover, Report and Glossary.

A minimum reporting limit is exactly what it sounds like- the minimum number that must be reported for the calculated concentration if any spores are detected. This is calculated as (100/Proportion of Sample Analyzed)/(Air Flow Rate * Pump Run Time). This number is essentially the amount a single spore increases the calculated concentration by. All spores types that are not listed as having a raw count of 1 or greater have a calculated concentration of less than the minimum reporting limit. It cannot be said based upon a raw count of zero that the true concentration of that spore type is 0, however, because the testing procedure is not sufficiently accurate. For this reason, the minimum reporting limit gives a useful measure of the minimum detectable concentration of mold types. Bear in mind that any negative bias due to the debris field rating IS NOT accounted for in this minimum reporting limit.

What is a "significant figure?"

Significant figures are used in science to give a better representation of the accuracy of a number. All non-zero digits in a number are significant. Additionally, any digits to the right of a decimal are significant, whether they are zero or not, and all digits in between non-zero digits are also significant. Significant figures give an understanding of what decimal place a number is accurate to. For example, if 43 is given as 43.0, it is assumed that the "true" value is somewhere between 42.95 and 43.049. If it is given as 43.00, it is assumed the "true" value is somewhere between 42.995 and 43.0049, which is much more precise. Similarly, if 431 is shown as 431, it is assumed that the analysis is accurate to between 430.5 and 431.49, while if it is given as 430, it is only assumed to be accurate to between 425 and 434.9. In this report, all calculated numbers, such as the minimum reporting limit and the calculated concentration, are rounded to two significant figures. All numbers that were not calculated are given without rounding.

What is the "minimum reporting limit?"

Submitted By: Jeff Hackney | via: Hand Delivered | Submittal Date: 7/11/2024 12:15:00 PM | Sample Date: 7/11/2024 | Analysis Date: 7/12/2024 | Report Date: 7/12/2024 1:32:16 PM | Lab Job No.: 24-108442 | Technician: Connor Fiscus

2501 Mayes Rd #110 Carrollton, Texas 75006

P - (972) 820-9373 Toll Free (866) 416-6653

Website - www.moldlab.com

Results apply only to samples tested. Results may not be reported or reproduced except in full without written approval of Moldlab. All samples were received in acceptable condition unless noted in the Tech Notes section. Field blank correction of results is not applied. Moldlab assumes no responsibility for sample collection or handling prior to receipt at the laboratory. This report does not express or imply interpretation of the results contained herein.

LAB0137 by the Texas Dept. of Licensing and Regulation AIHA LAP, LLC EMLAP Accredited ID No. 154782 Report Approved by Kristina Rucker

Page 2 | 2

Air GlossaryCLIENT INFORMATION

P.O. Box 573 Keller, Texas 76244

PROJECT INFORMATION

FEMA - VSAB 1 FRF

800 N. Loop 288 Denton, Texas 76209

Test Code 1: Spore Trap -fungal limited

Analysis Method: ASTM Designation D7391-17 (Modified)

This test report contains the following sections: Cover, Snapshot, Report, Flashback, FAQ, Glossary, Cover, Report and Glossary.

***Diagnosis of health effects should be left to a medical professional. Moldlab is not a clinical laboratory and does not have medical professionals on staff.

Health effects in general are not well studied, and dosage, exposure, and sensitivity thresholds are not well known and can potentially vary tremendously depending on various conditions and on the particular individual. Effects can also vary from species to species within a particular mold genus.

The EPA, OSHA, NIOSH and other occupational health related associations in the U.S. have not yet established permissible exposure levels (PEL), recommended exposure limits (REL), or other limit values for aeroallergens.

Please realize that the evaluation of one's specific results in terms of potential health hazards and subsequent courses of action are beyond the scope of the laboratory analysis.

Pictures / images are for illustration purposes only and are NOT of the samples tested.

Terminology:

Allergen- the most common effect, and can range from hay fever and asthma, to a very particular reaction in certain organs or tissues.

Contaminant- something that is present without injuring or benefiting the host; does not cause infection.

Opportunistic pathogen- Causes infection only when the weak or injured condition of the person gives the agent opportunity to infect; rarely infect persons who are otherwise healthy.

Definition Images

Alternaria (all-tur-nair'ee-uh)

Classification: Common Allergen / Contaminant / Opportunistic Pathogen (rarely)

Possible Health Effect: It is an important allergen and common agent of hay fever, asthma, and other allergy related symptoms, including sinusitis.

Macroscopic Morphology: The mold can appear gray / white at first than become greenish / black or brown with a lighter border over time.

Environment: Soil, Plants, Commonly found indoors on food and textiles.

Page 1 | 3

Submitted By: Jeff Hackney | via: Hand Delivered | Submittal Date: 7/11/2024 12:15:00 PM | Sample Date: 7/11/2024 | Analysis Date: 7/12/2024 | Report Date: 7/12/2024 | Lab Job No.: 24-108442 | Technician:

This test report contains the following sections: Cover, Snapshot, Report, Flashback, FAQ, Glossary, Cover, Report and Glossary.

Definition Images

Ascospores, non-specified (ass-co'-spores)

Classification: These are a very large category of spores.

Possible Health Effect: Because so few of the Ascomycetes will grow in the laboratory setting, very little is known about their health effects on humans.

Macroscopic Morphology: Most will appear as specks or spots or bumps on leaves and wood.

Environment: Leaves, Wood. Also, most are plant saprophytes playing the role of “recyclers”. Spores are produced in sac-like structures called asci.

Aspergillus/Penicillium-like (as-per-jill-us) / (pen-uh-sill'ee-um)

Classification: Allergen / Contaminant / Opportunistic Pathogen

Possible Health Effect: Aspergillus is common on tape lift samples and air samples, but its spores are indistinguishable from Penicillium spores in most cases. There are a few exceptions but the species ID must be made from culture, and is still a difficult job. Health effects vary by species, but many are listed as allergens. Some species can produce toxins that may have significant health effects in humans. Aspergillus is listed as one of the most infectious types of mold, but infections are not common in normal healthy immune systems. However, if you are immune suppressed or compromised this should be discussed with your physician.

Macroscopic Morphology: Aspergillus can appear in a wide range of colors from white to purple, yellow to green, see images next to text.

Environment: Commonly found in the environment around the world.

Basidiospores, non-specified (bah-sid-ee-oh'-spores)

Classification: Allergen / Contaminant. Another large general class of spores formed on a structure called a basidium, mushrooms belong to this group.

Possible Health Effect: Allergen and possible poisoning if certain species are ingested.

Macroscopic Morphology: Mushrooms, puffballs and bracket fungi.

Environment: This category of spores is found in the outdoor air make up. This is a common cause of Wood Rot. High concentrations in an indoor air sample might be indicative of water damage or too high humidity. Often abundant at night or pre-dawn hours when there is high humidity.

Bipolaris/Dreschslera/Helminthosporium/Exserohilim types (bye-pole-air-us)(dresh-lair'-uh) /

Classification: Contaminant / Opportunistic pathogen

Possible Health Effect: Allergenic and the most common agent for allergic fungal sinusitis. Various but uncommon infections of the eye, nose, lungs and skin in debilitated hosts.

Macroscopic Morphology: The mold will appear brownish / black with a black matted middle and a raised lighter color periphery.

Environment: The fungus is a saprophyte and can be found in soil.

Page 2 | 3

Submitted By: Jeff Hackney | via: Hand Delivered | Submittal Date: 7/11/2024 12:15:00 PM | Sample Date: 7/11/2024 | Analysis Date: 7/12/2024 | Report Date: 7/12/2024 | Lab Job No.: 24-108442 | Technician:

This test report contains the following sections: Cover, Snapshot, Report, Flashback, FAQ, Glossary, Cover, Report and Glossary.

Cladosporium (clad-oh-spore-ee-um)

Classification: Common Allergen/ Contaminant

Possible Health Effect: Rarely pathogenic, it is a common agent of hay fever and asthma and other allergy related symptoms.

Macroscopic Morphology: Surface of the mold is greenish brown or can appear black in color with age and have heap or folded appearance.

Environment: Cladosporium can be found in most air samples most of the time. It is very common. Cladosporium is one of the types of mold found growing on HVAC vent covers and grills. It can grow on leaves, textiles, wood, paper, and decaying vegetation.

Hyphal Fragments (hy-full)

Classification: N/A

Possible Health Effect: N/A

Macroscopic Morphology: Not a type of mold. A hyphal fragment is a small piece or portion of 'root'-like structure called hyphae/mycelia. Hyphal fragments are common in air samples. Mold type cannot be identified by the hyphae alone.

Environment: N/A

Myxomycete / Periconia / Smut (mix-oh'-my-seat) / (pare-i-cone-ee-uh) / (smut)

Classification: Generally a plant pathogen

Possible Health Effect: Generally plant pathogens. Some allergenic properties have been reported but generally pose no health concerns to humans.

Macroscopic Morphology: N/A

Environment: This group is associated with living and decaying plants as well as decaying wood.