03 - Specification for Pavement Markings.pdf

Specification for Restripe East-West Aprons

Prepared for:

Portland Air National Guard Base

Portland, Oregon

Prepared by: 142 CES

10 June 2025

SECTION 32 01 11.51 Page 1

SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 32 - EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS

SECTION 32 01 11.51

PAINT REMOVAL FROM AIRFIELD PAVEMENTS

02/2018

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 UNIT PRICES

1.1.1 Measurement

1.1.2 Payment

1.2 REFERENCES

1.3 ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS

1.4 SUBMITTALS

1.5 MECHANICAL REMOVAL EQUIPMENT

1.5.1 Waterblasting Equipment

1.5.2 Sandblasting Equipment

1.5.3 Grinding or Scarifying Equipment

1.6 CHEMICAL REMOVAL EQUIPMENT

1.7 TEST SECTION

1.8 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

1.9 PROJECT/SITE CONDITIONS

1.9.1 Environmental Requirements

1.9.2 Airfield Traffic Control

1.9.3 Radio Communication

1.9.4 Emergency Landing and Takeoff

1.9.5 Airfield Lighting

1.9.6 Water

1.10 SAFETY

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 PAINT REMOVAL DETERGENTS OR CHEMICALS PART 3

EXECUTION

3.1 PAINT REMOVAL

3.2 RATE OF REMOVAL

3.3 WATER PRESSURE

3.4 CLEANUP AND WASTE DISPOSAL

SECTION 32 01 11.51 Page 2

3.5 COMPLIANCE TESTING

3.6 DAMAGE REPAIR

-- End of Section Table of Contents --

SECTION 32 01 11.51 Page 3

SECTION 32 01 11.51

PAINT REMOVAL FROM AIRFIELD PAVEMENTS

02/2018

Paint removal is measured by the number of square feet of paint to be removed.

1.1.2 Payment

Paint removal is paid for at the contract unit price per square meter feet of Paint to be removed.

1.2 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.

U.S. NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION (NARA)

29 CFR 1910 Occupational Safety and Health Standards

1.3 ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS

Submit a schedule of work to the Contracting Officer. Describe the work to be accomplished; noting the location of work, distances from the ends of

SECTION 32 01 11.51 Page 4 runways, taxiways, buildings, and other structures; and indicating dates and hours during which the work will be accomplished. Schedule the work to conform to aircraft operating schedules. The Government will try to schedule aircraft operations so as to permit the maximum amount of time for the Contractor's work. However, in the event of any emergency, intense operational demands, adverse wind conditions, and other unforseen difficulties, discontinue all work at locations in the aircraft operational area. Keep the approved schedule of work current and notify the

Contracting Officer of any changes prior to beginning each day's work.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;

submittals not having a "G" designation are [for Contractor Quality Control approval.][for information only. When used, a designation following the

"G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government.] Submittals with an "S" are for inclusion in the

Sustainability eNotebook, in conformance to Section 01 33 29 SUSTAINABILITY

REQUIREMENTS. Submit the following in accordance with Section 01 33 00

SECTION 32 01 11.51 Page 5

SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-01 Preconstruction Submittals Schedule of work; G

Paint Removal Process Plan; G

Waste Collection, Identification and Disposal Plan; G

SD-03 Product Data

Mechanical Paint removal equipment Chemical Paint removal equipment

Paint Removal Detergents or Chemicals ; G

SD-06 Test Reports

Test Section Results

1.5 MECHANICAL REMOVAL EQUIPMENT

Submit product data for mechanical Paint removal equipment including area of coverage per pass, range of water pressures, and water tank capacity.

Mechanical removal equipment includes waterblasting, grinding or scarifying, or other approved non-chemical systems. Control the equipment used on asphalt or tar concrete to remove Paint accumulations while minimizing disturbances to asphalt or tar mixtures. Basic hand tools and the following major types of mechanical equipment are considered acceptable for this project:

a. Waterblasting Equipment.

b. Grinding or Scarifying Equipment.

1.5.1 Waterblasting Equipment

Provide mobile waterblasting equipment capable of producing a pressurized stream of water that effectively removes Paint from the

SECTION 32 01 11.51 Page 6 pavement surface without significantly damaging the pavement. Provide equipment, tools, and machinery which are safe and and in good working order at all times. Provide equipment interlocks to prohibit high pressure water discharge when the vehicle or cleaning head is stationary (not moving forward or side to side).

1.5.2 Grinding or Scarifying Equipment

Provide equipment capable of removing surface contaminates, paint build-up, or extraneous markings from the pavement surface without leaving any residue. If a weed torch is used to remove paint, the surface must be cleaned by hydro blast afterwards to remove surface contaminates and ash.

1.6 CHEMICAL REMOVAL EQUIPMENT

Submit product data for chemical Paint removal equipment. Use chemical equipment capable of applying and removing chemicals from the pavement surface while leaving only non-toxic biodegradable residue.

1.7 TEST SECTION

Prior to the start of work, remove Paint on designated test areas not less than 15 m 50 feet in length. Use procedures, water pressures, nozzle height, nozzle spacings, nozzle angle, and equipment movement rate to achieve the required degree of Paint removal in accordance with Paragraph Paint REMOVAL. Methods included in paragraph

COMPLIANCE TESTING will be used to detemine if the Paint was successfully removed from the test section. The test will examine seven random locations within the test section. Submit the test section results before conducting any further removal work. Provide photos of seven random locations within the test area taken before and after the removal.

Provide photos of four random locations at joint seals within the test area taken before and after removal.

1.8 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Deliver required materials in original manufacturer's containers labeled with appropriate EPA, OSHA, or other agency warnings, if applicable, and

Safety Data Sheets. Protect materials from degrading until their use is required during execution of the work.

SECTION 32 01 11.51 Page 7

1.9 PROJECT/SITE CONDITIONS

1.9.1 Environmental Requirements

Ensure pavement surface is free of snow, ice or slush. Ensure surface temperature is at least 5 degrees C 40 degrees F and rising at the beginning of operations. Cease operation during thunder and lightning storms. Cease operation during rainfall except for waterblasting and removal of previously applied chemicals. Cease waterblasting where surface water accumulation alters the effectiveness of material removal.

1.9.2 Airfield Traffic Control

Coordinate performance of all work in the controlled zones of the airfield with the Contracting Officer.

1.9.3 Radio Communication

Not used

1.9.4 Emergency Landing and Takeoff

Emergencies take precedence over all operations. Upon notification from the Control Tower of an emergency landing or imminent takeoff, stop all operations immediately and evacuate all personnel and equipment to an area not utilized for aircraft traffic which is at least 76 m 250 feet measured perpendicular to and away from the near edge of the runway unless otherwise authorized by the Contracting Officer or the Contracting Officer's

Representative. Equipment and chemicals or detergents as well as excess water must be able to clear the work area within 3 minutes.

SECTION 32 01 11.51 Page 8

1.9.5 Airfield Lighting

When night operations are necessary, provide all necessary lighting and equipment. Direct or shade lighting to prevent interference with aircraft, the air traffic control tower, and other base operations. Provide lighting and related equipment capable of being removed from the runway within 15 minutes of notification of an emergency. Night work must be coordinated with the Flight Operations Manager or Airfield Manager and approved in advance by the Contracting Officer or authorized representative.

1.9.6 Water

Water to be used for high-pressure water equipment will be made available from Government hydrant[s] at the prevailing rates. Furnish equipment and labor for delivery of water from the hydrant to the job site. Notify the

Contracting Officer on location of fire hydrant[s] to be used and the respective times of use. The Contracting Officer will notify the Fire

Department of fire hydrants to be used and designated times of use.

Connections to a fire hydrant will be subject to the Contracting

Officer's inspection and approval. The Contractor must provide and use a backflow prevention device for filling water tanks. The Contractor is responsible for testing, treating, and filtering the water to ensure it will not interfere with the rubber removal or damage or clog the rubber removal equipment.

1.10 SAFETY

Comply with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 Paint REMOVAL DETERGENTS OR CHEMICALS

The use of environmentally acceptable detergents or chemical agents must be considered on a case-by-case basis. Submit the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detergents or chemicals in the Paint removal process. Use of any detergents or chemicals in the Paint removal process must be approved in advance by the Contracting Officer. The Government specifically reserves the right to reject the use of any process which the Contracting Officer determines may pose unnecessary risks to human health, the environment, the pavement, aircraft or NAVAIDS due to corrosion or foreign object damage (FOD) potential as a result of its use, storage, or disposal.

PART 3 EXECUTION

SECTION 32 01 11.51 Page 9

3.1 Paint REMOVAL

Prior to any work being completed, submit a Paint Removal Process Plan for approval by the Contracting Officer.

a. The pavement surface type is asphalt mixture.

b. Remove 95 percent of paint on asphaltic concrete pavement. Remove all paint that is loose, flaking, chalky, or not to be re-marked or does not comply with size or pattern standards.

c. Chemical methods used, if permitted, must be compatible with pavement materials, the environment and working personnel.

d. Exercise close control of water pressure and blasting time/duration to prevent damage to joints, existing markings that are not intended for removal, or the wearing surface.

e. Compliance testing for the amount of paint to be removed must conform to the requirements in paragraph COMPLIANCE TESTING.

3.2 RATE OF REMOVAL

Remove paint at a minimum rate of 93 square meter 1,000 square feet per hour. Do not permit high-pressure water application to remove the existing pavement surface, joint seals or crack seals.

3.3 WATER PRESSURE

Provide water pressure impact upon the indicated pavement areas sufficient to remove the designated Paint to the required degree of removal without damaging the existing pavement, joint sealant, or other airfield appurtenances. The Contractor is responsible for repairing any damage caused by the removal work.

3.4 CLEANUP AND WASTE DISPOSAL

Keep the worksite clean of by-products, debris and waste from Paint removal operations. Perform cleanup operations continuously. Remove all residue from the pavement. Obtain the approval of residue removal and disposal method from the Contracting Officer prior to beginning work.

Submit a Waste Collection, Identification and Disposal Plan describing proposed actions regarding waste collection, control, identification, and disposal to the Contracting Officer's Representative for approval prior to the start of work. The plan will address disposal methods and requirements for hazardous and non-hazardous wastes.

3.5 COMPLIANCE TESTING

a. Compliance with the Paint removal requirements must be determined by direct testing within the designated work area.

b. Use a 0.1 square meter one square foot section of transparent material inscribed with a grid of 100 equal squares as a tool for quantitative measure of the percent removal. Place the grid pattern on the pavement surface at random locations. Then count the squares which contain

SECTION 32 01 11.51 Page 10 paint deposits. The number of squares containing paint deposits must not exceed the allowed percentage in each of the randomly selected locations.

c. Divide each work area designated for Paint removal into at least four equal zones for the purpose of compliance testing. The layout of each zone must be approved by the Contracting Officer. Within each zone, a minimum of seven random locations must be evaluated. The amount of

Paint removed at each of the randomly selected test locations within each zone must meet the requirement described in paragraph Paint

REMOVAL. Evaluate each zone independently. A zone not meeting the required percentage must be recleaned by the Contractor at the

Contractor's expense.

d. Deposits of paint are defined as any surface deposit that can be removed by scratching the deposit with a flat sharp object (such as a pocket knife) without damaging the pavement surface. Stains are defined as materials in the pavement surface microtexture that cannot be removed without damaging the pavement surface. Stain is generally embedded in the surface of the pavement below the horizontal plane of the surface texture. The Contractor is not responsible for stain removal.

3.6 DAMAGE REPAIR

Repair any damage to the pavement surface, joint, joint and crack seals, or other Government property caused during the performance of the work at the

Contractor's expense. Submit a repair plan to include methods and material to the Contracting Officer's Representative for approval prior to performance of the repairs. Complete the repairs within the performance period of the Contract.

-- End of Section --

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 1

SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 32 - EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS

SECTION 32 17 23

PAVEMENT MARKINGS

02/18

1.1.1.1 Surface Preparation

1.1.1.2 Pavement Striping and Markings

1.1.1.3 Raised Pavement Markers

1.1.1.4 Removal of Pavement Markings on Roads and Parking Areas

1.1.2 Payment

1.2 REFERENCES

1.3 SUBMITTALS

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.4.1 Regulatory Requirements

1.4.2 Qualifications

1.4.3 Qualifications For Airfield Marking Personnel

1.5 DELIVERY AND STORAGE

1.6 PROJECT/SITE CONDITIONS

1.6.1 Environmental Requirements

1.6.1.1 Weather Limitations for Application

1.6.1.2 Weather Limitations for Removal of Pavement Markings on

Roads and Parking Areas

1.6.2 Traffic Controls

1.6.3 Airfield Traffic Control

1.6.4 Airfield Radio Communication

1.6.5 Airfield Emergency Landing and Takeoff

1.6.6 Lighting

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 EQUIPMENT

2.1.1 Surface Preparation Equipment for Roads and Parking Areas

2.1.1.1 Sandblasting Equipment

2.1.1.2 Waterblasting Equipment

2.1.1.3 Shotblasting Equipment

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 2

2.1.1.4 Grinding or Scarifying Equipment

2.1.1.5 Chemical Removal Equipment

2.1.2 Application Equipment

2.1.2.1 Paint Application Equipment

2.1.2.1.1 Hand-Operated, Push-Type Machines

2.1.2.1.2 Self-Propelled or Mobile-Drawn Spraying Machines

2.1.2.1.2.1 Road Marking

2.1.2.1.2.2 Airfield Marking

2.1.2.1.2.3 Hand Application

2.1.2.2 Thermoplastic Application Equipment

2.1.2.2.1 Thermoplastic Material

2.1.2.2.2 Application Equipment

2.1.2.2.3 Mobile Application Equipment

2.1.2.2.4 Portable Application Equipment

2.1.2.3 Reflective Media Dispenser

2.1.2.4 Preformed Tape Application Equipment

2.2 MATERIALS

2.2.1 Waterborne Paint

2.2.2 Solventborne Paint

2.2.3 Methacrylate Paint

2.2.4 Epoxy Paint

2.2.4.1 Formulation

2.2.4.2 Composition

2.2.4.3 Epoxide Value

2.2.4.4 Total Amine Value

2.2.4.5 Toxicity

2.2.4.6 Daylight Directional Reflectance

2.2.4.7 Laboratory Drying Time

2.2.4.8 Curing

2.2.4.9 Adhesion to Concrete

2.2.4.10 Hardness

2.2.4.11 Abrasion Resistance

2.2.4.12 Tensile Strength

2.2.4.13 Compressive Strength

2.2.5 Thermoplastic Compound

2.2.5.1 Composition Requirements

2.2.5.2 Primer

2.2.6 High Build Acrylic Coating (HBAC)

2.2.7 Preformed Tape

2.2.8 Raised Pavement Markers Primers and Adhesives

2.2.9 Reflective Media

2.2.9.1 Reflective Media for Airfields

2.2.9.2 Reflective Media for Roads

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

3.1.1 Testing for Moisture

3.1.2 Surface Preparation Demonstration

3.1.3 Test Stripe Demonstration

3.1.4 Application Rate Demonstration

3.1.5 Retroreflective Value Demonstration

3.1.6 Level of Performance Demonstration

3.2 EXTERIOR SURFACE PREPARATION

3.2.1 Early Painting of Rigid Pavements

3.2.2 Early Painting of Asphalt Pavements

3.3 APPLICATION

3.3.1 Paint

3.3.1.1 Waterborne Paint

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 3

3.3.1.1.1 Airfields

3.3.1.1.2 Roads

3.3.1.2 Solventborne Paint

3.3.1.3 Methacrylate Paint

3.3.1.4 Epoxy Paint

3.3.1.5 High Build Acrylic Coating

3.3.2 Thermoplastic Compound

3.3.2.1 Primer

3.3.2.2 Reflective Media

3.3.3 Raised Pavement Markers

3.3.4 Preformed Tape

3.3.5 Cleanup and Waste Disposal

3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

3.4.1 Sampling and Testing

3.4.2 Material Inspection

3.4.3 Dimensional Tolerances

3.4.4 Bond Failure Verification

3.4.5 Reflective Media and Coating Application Verification

3.4.6 Retroreflective Markings

3.4.7 Material Bond Verification and Operations Area Cleanup for

Airfields

-- End of Section Table of Contents --

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 4

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by the basic designation only.

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION

OFFICIALS (AASHTO)

AASHTO M 247 (2013) Standard Specification for

Glass Beads Used in Pavement Markings

AASHTO M 248 (1991; R 2012) Standard Specification for

Ready-Mixed White and Yellow Traffic Paints

AASHTO M 249 (2012; R2016) Standard Specification for

White and Yellow Reflective Thermoplastic

Striping Material (Solid Form)

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM D1652 (2011; E 2012) Standard Test Method for

Epoxy Content of Epoxy Resins

ASTM D2074 (2007; R2013) Standard Test Methods for

Total, Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary

Amine Values of Fatty Amines by

Alternative Indicator Method

ASTM D2240 (2015) Standard Test Method for Rubber

Property - Durometer Hardness

ASTM D2621 (1987; R 2016) Standard Test Method for

Infrared Identification of Vehicle Solids from Solvent-Reducible Paints

ASTM D2697 (2003; R 2014) Volume Nonvolatile Matter in Clear or Pigmented Coatings

ASTM D3335 (1985a; R 2014) Low Concentrations of

Lead, Cadmium, and Cobalt in Paint by

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

ASTM D3718 (1985a; R 2015) Low Concentrations of

Chromium in Paint by Atomic Absorption

Spectroscopy

ASTM D3924 (2016) Standard Specification for

Environment for Conditioning and Testing

Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related

Materials

ASTM D3960 (2005; R 2013) Determining Volatile

Organic Compound (VOC) Content of Paints and Related Coatings

ASTM D4060 (2014) Abrasion Resistance of Organic

Coatings by the Taber Abraser

ASTM D4061 (2013) Standard Test Method for

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 5

Retroreflectance of Horizontal Coatings

ASTM D4280 (2012) Extended Life Type, Nonplowable, Raised, Retroreflective Pavement Markers

ASTM D4383 (2012) Standard Specification for

Plowable, Raised Retroreflective Pavement

Markers

ASTM D4505 (2012; R 2017) Standard Specification for

Preformed Retroflective Pavement Marking

Tape for Extended Service Life

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 6

ASTM D4541 (2017) Standard Test Method for Pull-Off

Strength of Coatings Using Portable

Adhesion Testers

ASTM D471 (2016a) Standard Test Method for Rubber

Property - Effect of Liquids

ASTM D476 (2015) Dry Pigmentary Titanium Dioxide

Pigments

ASTM D522/D522M (2014) Mandrel Bend Test of Attached

Organic Coatings

ASTM D638 (2014) Standard Test Method for Tensile

Properties of Plastics

ASTM D6628 (2003; R 2015) Standard Specification for

Color of Pavement Marking Materials

ASTM D695 (2010) Standard Test Method for

Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics

ASTM D711 (2010; R 2015) No-Pick-Up Time of Traffic

Paint

ASTM D7234 (2012) Standard Test Method for Pull-Off

Adhesion Strength of Coatings on Concrete

Using Portable Pull-Off Adhesion Testers

ASTM D823 (1995; E 2012; R 2012) Producing Films of

Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and

Related Products on Test Panels.

ASTM E1347 (2006; R 2011) Color and Color Difference

Measurement by Tristimulus (Filter)

Colorimetry

ASTM E1710 (2011) Standard Test Method for

Measurement of Retroreflective Pavement

Marking Materials with CEN-Prescribed

Geometry Using a Portable

Retroreflectometer

ASTM E2177 (2011) Standard Test Method for Measuring the Coefficient of Retroreflected

Luminance (RL) of Pavement Markings in a

Standard Condition of Wetness

ASTM E2302 (2003; R 2016) Standard Test Method for

Measurement of the Luminance Coefficient

Under Diffuse Illumination of Pavement

Marking Materials Using a Portable

Reflectometer

ASTM G154 (2016) Standard Practice for Operating

Fluorescent Light Apparatus for UV

Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 7

INTERNATIONAL CONCRETE REPAIR INSTITUTE (ICRI)

ICRI 03732 (1997) Selecting and Specifying Concrete

Surface Preparation for Sealers, Coatings, and Polymer Overlays

MASTER PAINTERS INSTITUTE (MPI)

MPI 32 (2012) Traffic Marking Paint, S.B.

MPI 97 (2012) Traffic Marking Paint, Latex

U.S. FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION (FAA)

FAA AC 150/5370-10 (2014; Rev G; Errata 1 2015; Errata 2

2016) Standards for Specifying

Construction of Airports

U.S. FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION (FHWA)

MUTCD (2015) Manual on Uniform Traffic Control

Devices

U.S. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION (GSA)

FED-STD-595 (Rev C; Notice 1) Colors Used in

Government Procurement

FS TT-B-1325 (Rev D; Notice 1; Notice 2 2017) Beads

(Glass Spheres) Retro-Reflective (Metric)

FS TT-P-1952 (2015; Rev F) Paint, Traffic and Airfield

Markings, Waterborne

1.2 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;

submittals not having a "G" designation are for information only or as otherwise designated. Submit the following in accordance with Section 01 33

00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-03 Product Data

Surface Preparation Equipment List; G Application

Equipment List; G

Safety Data Sheets; G

Reflective media for airfields;

Waterborne Paint; G

SD-06 Test Reports

Reflective Media for Airfields; G Reflective

Media for Roads; G

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 8

SD-07 Certificates

Qualifications; G

Reflective Media for Airfields

Waterborne Paint

SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions

1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.3.1 Regulatory Requirements

Submit certificate stating that the proposed pavement marking paint meets the Volatile Organic Compound, (VOC) regulations of the local Air Pollution

Control District having jurisdiction over the geographical area in which the project is located. Submit Safety Data Sheets for each product.

1.3.2 Qualifications

Submit documentation certifying that pertinent personnel are qualified for equipment operation and handling of applicable chemicals. The documentation should include experience on five projects of similar size and scope with references for all personnel.

1.3.3 Qualifications For Airfield Marking Personnel

Submit documentation of qualifications in resume format a minimum of 14 working days before pavement marking work is to be performed showing personnel who will be performing the work have experience working on airfields, operating mobile self-powered marking, cleaning, and paint removal equipment and performing these tasks. Include with resume a list of references complete with points of contact and telephone numbers.

Provide certification for pavement marking machine operator and Foreman demonstrating experience successfully completing a minimum of two airfield pavement marking projects of similar size and scope. Provide documentation demonstrating personnel have a minimum of four years of experience operating similar equipment and performing the same or similar work in similar environments, similar in size and scope of the planned project.

The Contracting Officer reserves the right to require additional proof of competency or to reject proposed personnel.

1.5 DELIVERY AND STORAGE

Deliver paint materials, thermoplastic compound materials, and reflective media in original sealed containers that plainly show the designated name, specification number, batch number, color, date of manufacture, manufacturer's directions, and name of manufacturer.

Provide storage facilities at the job site,only in areas approved by the

Contracting Officer, for maintaining materials at temperatures recommended by the manufacturer.

1.6 PROJECT/SITE CONDITIONS

1.6.1 Environmental Requirements

1.6.1.1 Weather Limitations for Application

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 9

Apply pavement markings to clean, dry surfaces, and unless otherwise approved, only when the air and pavement surface temperature is at least 3 degrees C 5 degrees F above the dew point and the air and pavement temperatures are within the limits recommended by the pavement marking manufacturer. Allow pavement surfaces to dry after water has been used for cleaning or rainfall has occurred prior to striping or marking. Test the pavement surface for moisture before beginning work each day and after cleaning. Do not commence marking until the pavement is sufficiently dry and the pavement condition has been approved by the Contracting Officer.

Employ the "plastic wrap method" to test the pavement for moisture as specified in paragraph TESTING FOR MOISTURE.

1.6.1.2 Weather Limitations for Removal of Pavement Markings on Roads and

Parking Areas

Pavement surface must be free of snow, ice, or slush; with a surface temperature of at least 4 degrees C 40 degrees F and rising at the beginning of operations, except those involving shot or sand blasting or grinding. Cease operation during thunderstorms, or during rainfall, except for waterblasting and removal of previously applied chemicals. Cease waterblasting where surface water accumulation alters the effectiveness of material removal.

1.6.2 Traffic Controls

Place warning signs conforming to MUTCD near the beginning of the worksite and well ahead of the worksite for alerting approaching traffic from both directions. Place small markers along newly painted lines or freshly placed raised markers to control traffic and prevent damage to newly painted surfaces or displacement of raised pavement markers. Mark painting equipment with large warning signs indicating slow-moving painting equipment in operation.

When traffic must be rerouted or controlled to accomplish the work, provide necessary warning signs, flag persons, and related equipment for the safe passage of vehicles.

1.6.3 Airfield Traffic Control

Coordinate performance of all work in the controlled zones of the airfield with the Contracting Officer and with the Flight Operations Officer or

Airfield Manager. Neither equipment nor personnel can use any portion of the airfield without permission of these officers.

1.6.4 Airfield Emergency Landing and Takeoff

Emergencies take precedence over all operations. Upon notification from the control tower of an emergency landing or imminent takeoff, stop all operations immediately and evacuate all personnel and equipment to an area not utilized for aircraft traffic which is at least 75 m 250 feet measured perpendicular to and away from the near edge of the runway unless otherwise authorized by the Contracting Officer. Equipment and chemicals or detergents as well as excess water must be able to clear the work area within 3 minutes.

1.6.5 Lighting

When night operations are necessary, provide all necessary lighting and equipment. Direct or shade lighting to prevent interference with

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 10 aircraft, the air traffic control tower, and other base operations.

Provide lighting and related equipment capable of being removed from the runway within 15 minutes of notification of an emergency. Night work must be coordinated with the Flight Operations Manager or Airfield Manager and approved in advance by the Contracting Officer. The Government reserves the right to accept or reject night work on the day following night activities by the Contractor.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 EQUIPMENT

2.1.1 Application Equipment

Submit application equipment list appropriate for the material(s) to be used. Include manufacturer's descriptive data and certification for the planned use that indicates area of coverage per pass, pressure adjustment range, tank and flow capacities, and all safety precautions required for operating and maintaining the equipment. Provide and maintain machines, tools, and equipment used in the performance of the work in satisfactory operating condition, or remove them from the work site. Provide mobile and maneuverable application equipment to the extent that straight lines can be followed and normal curves can be made in a true arc.

2.1.1.1 Paint Application Equipment

2.1.1.1.1 Airfield Marking

Provide self-propelled or mobile-drawn spraying machine for applying the paint for airfield pavements with an arrangement of atomizing nozzles capable of applying the specified line width in a single pass. Provide paint applicator with paint reservoirs or tanks of sufficient capacity and suitable gages to apply paint in accordance with requirements specified.

Equip tanks with suitable mechanical agitators. Equip spray mechanism with quick-action valves conveniently located, and include necessary pressure regulators and gages in full view and reach of the operator.

Install paint strainers in paint supply lines to ensure freedom from residue and foreign matter that may cause malfunction of the spray guns. The paint applicator must be readily adaptable for attachment of a dispenser for the reflective media approved for use.

2.1.1.1.2 Hand Application

Provide spray guns for hand application of paint in areas where the mobile paint applicator cannot be used.

2.1.2.3 Reflective Media Dispenser

Attach the dispenser for applying the reflective media to the paint dispenser and designed to operate automatically and simultaneously with the applicator through the same control mechanism. The bead applicator must be capable of adjustment and designed to provide uniform flow of reflective media over the full length and width of the stripe at the rate of coverage specified in paragraph APPLICATION.

2.2 MATERIALS

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 11

Use reflectorized waterborne or methacrylate paint for airfield markings.

The maximum allowable VOC content of pavement markings is 150 grams per liter. Color of markings are indicated on the drawings and must conform to

FED-STD-595 for airfields. Provide materials conforming to the requirements specified herein.

2.2.1 Waterborne Paint

FS TT-P-1952, Type III

2.2.6 Reflective Media

2.2.6.1 Reflective Media for Airfields

FS TT-B-1325, Type I, Gradation A

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

3.1.1 Testing for Moisture

Test the pavement surface for moisture before beginning pavement marking after each period of rainfall, fog, high humidity, or cleaning, or when the ambient temperature has fallen below the dew point. Do not commence marking until the pavement is sufficiently dry and the pavement condition has been approved by the Contracting Officer or authorized representative.

Employ the "plastic wrap method" to test the pavement for moisture as follows: Cover the pavement with a 300 mm by 300 mm 12 inch by 12 inch section of clear plastic wrap and seal the edges with tape. After 15 minutes, examine the plastic wrap for any visible moisture accumulation inside the plastic. Do not begin marking operations until the test can be performed with no visible moisture accumulation inside the plastic wrap.

Re-test surfaces when work has been stopped due to rain.

3.1.2 Surface Preparation Demonstration

Prior to surface preparation, demonstrate the proposed procedures and equipment. Prepare areas large enough to determine [cleanliness][, adhesion of remaining coating] and rate of cleaning. [Perform a demonstration removal of pavement marking in an area designated by the

Contracting Officer.] [Approved demonstration area establishes the standard for the remainder of the work.]

3.1.3 Test Stripe Demonstration

Prior to paint application, demonstrate test stripe application within the work area using the proposed materials and equipment. Apply separate test stripes in each of the line widths and configurations required herein using the proposed equipment. Make the test stripes long enough to determine the proper speed and operating pressures for the vehicle(s) and machinery, but not less than 15 m 50 feet long.

3.1.4 Application Rate Demonstration

During the Test Stripe Demonstration, demonstrate compliance with the application rates specified herein. Document the equipment speed and operating pressures required to meet the specified rates in each configuration of the equipment and provide a copy of the documentation to

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 12 the Contracting Officer prior to proceeding with the work.

3.1.5 Retroreflective Value Demonstration

After the test stripes have cured to a "no-track" condition, demonstrate compliance with the average retroreflective values specified herein. Take a minimum of ten readings on each test stripe with a Retroreflectometer with a direct readout in millicandelas per square meter per lux

(mcd/m2/lx). Conform testing per ASTM D4061, ASTM E1710, ASTM E2177, and

ASTM E2302.

3.1.6 Level of Performance Demonstration

The Contracting Officer will be present at the application demonstrations to observe the results obtained and to validate the operating parameters of the vehicle(s) and equipment. If accepted by the Contracting Officer, the test stripe is the measure of performance required for this project. Do not proceed with the work until the demonstration results are satisfactory to the Contracting Officer.

3.2 EXTERIOR SURFACE PREPARATION

Thoroughly clean surfaces to be marked before application of the paint.

Remove dust, dirt, and other granular surface deposits by sweeping, blowing with compressed air, rinsing with water, or a combination of these methods as required.

a. Do not use shot blasting on airfield pavements due to the potential of

Foreign Object Damage (FOD) to aircraft. Scrub affected areas, where oil or grease is present on old pavements to be marked, with several applications of trisodium phosphate solution or other approved detergent or degreaser and rinse thoroughly after each application.

After cleaning oil-soaked areas, seal with shellac or primer recommended by the manufacturer to prevent bleeding through the new paint. Do not commence painting in any area until pavement surfaces are dry and clean.

3.2.1 Early Painting of Asphalt Pavements

For asphalt pavement systems requiring painting application at less than 30 days, apply the paint and beads at half the normal application rate, followed by a second application at the normal rate after 30 days.

3.3 APPLICATION

Apply pavement markings to dry pavements only.

3.3.1 Paint

Apply paint pneumatically with approved equipment at rate of coverage specified herein. Provide guidelines and templates as necessary to control paint application. Take special precautions in marking numbers, letters, and symbols. Manually paint numbers, letters, and symbols. Sharply outline all edges of markings. The maximum drying time requirements of the paint specifications will be strictly enforced, to prevent undue softening of bitumen, and pickup, displacement, or discoloration by tires of traffic.

If there is a deficiency in drying of the markings, painting operations must cease until the cause of the slow drying is determined and corrected.

3.3.1.1 Waterborne Paint

3.3.1.1.1 Airfields

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 13

For reflectorized and reflectorized markings, apply paint conforming to

Type III at a rate of 2.7 plus or minus 0.20 square meter per liter 108 plus or minus 8 square feet per gallon

For reflectorized markings, apply paint and glass spheres at the following rates:

Bead Type Paint Type Paint Application Rate Bead Application Rate

Type I (Gradation

A)

Type I, II, III 121 plus or minus 6

Sq Ft/Gallon

8 plus or minus 1 lb/gallon

3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

3.4.1 Sampling and Testing

As soon as the paint materials and reflective media are available for sampling, obtain by random selection from the sealed containers, four quart samples of each batch in the presence of the Contracting Officer. Two quarts will be for sampling and testing by the Contractor and two quarts will be for retention by the Government. Accomplish adequate mixing prior to sampling to ensure a uniform, representative sample. A batch is defined as that quantity of material processed by the manufacturer at one time and identified by number on the label. Clearly identify samples by designated name, specification number, batch number, project contract number, intended use, and quantity involved.

Test samples by an approved laboratory. If a sample fails to meet specification, replace the material in the area represented by the samples and retest the replacement material as specified above. Submit certified copies of the test reports, prior to the use of the materials at the jobsite. Include in the report of test results a listing of any specification requirements not verified by the test laboratory. At the discretion of the Contracting Officer, samples provided may be tested by the Government for verification.

3.4.2 Material Inspection

Examine material at the job site to determine that it is the material referenced in the report of test results or certificate of compliance. A certificate of compliance shall be accompanied by test results substantiating conformance to the specified requirements.

3.4.3 Dimensional Tolerances

Apply all markings in the standard dimensions provide in the drawings. New markings may deviate a maximum of 10 percent larger than the standard dimension. The maximum deviation allowed when painting over an old marking is up to 20 percent larger than the standard dimensions.

SECTION 32 17 23 Page 14

3.4.4 Bond Failure Verification

Inspect newly applied markings for signs of bond failure based on visual inspection and comparison to results from Test Stripe Demonstration paragraph.

3.4.5 Reflective Media and Coating Application Verification

Use a wet film thickness gauge to measure the application of wet paint.

Use a microscope or magnifying glass to evaluate the embedment of glass beads in the paint. Verify the glass bead embedment with approximately 50 percent of the individual bead spheres embedded and 50 percent of the individual bead spheres exposed.

3.4.6 Retroreflective Markings

Collect and record readings for white and yellow retroreflective markings at the rate of one reading per 305 linear m 1000 linear feet. The minimum acceptable average for white markings is 200 millicandelas per square meter per lux (mcd/m2/lx) (measured with Retroreflectometer). The minimum acceptable average for yellow markings is 175 millicandelas per square meter per lux (mcd/m2/lx). Compute readings by averaging a minimum of 10 readings taken within the area at random locations. Re-mark areas not meeting the retroreflective requirements stated above.

3.4.7 Material Bond Verification and Operations Area Cleanup for Airfields

Vacuum sweep the aircraft operating area before it is opened for aircraft operations to preclude potential foreign object damaged to aircraft engines. Visually inspect the pavement markings and the material captured by the vacuum. Verify that no significant loss of reflective media has occurred to the pavement marking due to the vacuum cleaning.

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