Attachment_TIA-942_ANSI-TIA_Standards.pdf

STANDARDS

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Structured Cabling Standards and Practices This section explains the key ANSI/ TIA standards and practices required for structured cabling installation and testing. Adherence to standards and codes is required to obtain Hubbell's MISSION CRITICAL® Warranty.

STRUCTURED CABLING STANDARDS AND PRACTICES•RESIDENTIAL CABLING•FIBER CABLING AND COMPONENT COPPER CABLING REQUIREMENTS•PATHWAYS AND SPACES•INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS•PERMANENT LINK AN FIELD TESTING•FIBER INSTALLATION PRACTICES•BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEMS•APPLICATION GUIDELINES•S FOR COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS•GLOSSARY•UTP CABLING COMPONENTS PERFORMANCE•BACKBONE & HORIZ CABLING STRUCTURE•TELECOMMUNICATIONS PATHWAYS AND SPACES•ADMINISTRATION•RESIDENTIAL CABLIN TELECOMMUNICATIONS STANDARD•UTP WIRING CONVENTIONS•CABLING STANDARDS•PRODUCT TESTING•G AND BONDING•INDUSTRIAL ETHERNET APPLICATIONS•WORK AREA•UTP PERMANENT LINK•CHANNEL FIELD TES

TECHNICAL CONTENTS

Subject Page

Introduction - Structured Cabling Standards Evolution .................................N4

ANSI/TIA-568-C ......................................................................................N5

ANSI/TIA-568-C.1: Horizontal Cabling Practices ........................................N6

ANSI/TIA-568-C.1: Fiber Optic Cabling Guidelines ....................................N7

ANSI/TIA-568-C.1: Backbone Cabling ......................................................N8

ANSI/TIA-568-C.1: Backbone and Horizontal Cabling Structure ..................N9

ANSI/TIA-568-C.1: Work Area ..................................................................N10

ANSI/TIA-568-C.2: Balanced Twisted Pair Cabling Components ..................N12

ANSI/TIA-568-C.2: UTP Permanent Link and Channel Field Testing..............N13

Recommended UTP Installation Practices ....................................................N14

ANSI/TIA-568-C.3: Optical Fiber Cabling and Components .......................N15

Recommended Optical Fiber Installation Practices .......................................N16

ANSI/TIA-568-B.2-10 Category 6A UTP Cabling ........................................N17

ANSI/TIA-569-B: Telecommunications Pathways and Spaces ........................N18

ANSI/TIA-570-B: Residential Telecommunications Cabling Standard ............N19

ANSI/TIA-606-B: Administration Standard for Commercial ...........................N20 Telecommunications InfrastructurE

J-STD-607-A: Commercial Building Grounding and Bonding ......................N21 Requirements for Telecommunications.

ANSI/TIA-862: Building Automation Systems Cabling Standard ...................N21 for Commercial Buildings

ANSI/TIA-942: Telecommunications Infrastructure Standards........................N22 for Data Centers

ANSI/TIA-1005: Industrial Telecommunication Infrastructure ........................N23

Standard UTP Wiring Conventions .............................................................N24

Audio Video Cabling ................................................................................N27

International Standards .............................................................................N28

Applications Guide ...................................................................................N29

Glossary ..................................................................................................N31

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In tr o d u ct io n

Introduction: Structured Cabling Standards Evolution Industry standards are published design and performance requirements that are approved by industry ballot among cable and component manufacturers. The objective of cabling standards is to promote global inter-connectivity of equipment from diverse manufacturers. Since the release of IEEE 802.3an 10-Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE) standard in 2006, evolution of ANSI/TIA-568 structured cabling standards has achieved a new level of performance, defined as Category 6A, or Augmented Category 6. The Category 6A cabling performance requirements of Addendum ANSI/TIA-EIA-568-B.2-10 were officially ratified in February 2008.

In addition to the release of Category 6A requirements, the ANSI/TIA-568-B series of standards are being superseded by ANSI/TIA- 568-C series. The new '568-C series incorporates all previously published addenda, plus a new section of generic cabling guidelines.

568C.0. These new developments are also presented in this section.

As an active contributor to and leader in cabling standards organizations such as TIA and IEEE, Hubbell manufactures products that exceed all applicable standards. Compliance to industry standards is a long-term commitment by Hubbell Premise Wiring.

Global industry standards offer the following advantages:

��Interoperability of connecting hardware.

��Backward compatibility.

��Open systems architecture.

��Ease of migration to new performance levels.

��Multi-vendor choice to the end-user.

Compliance to standards also applies to MISSION CRITICAL® objectives. MISSION CRITICAL® is defined as the delivery of long-term, uninterrupted service at stated performance levels.

This is the philosophy of Hubbell's 25-year MISSION CRITICAL® warranty. For more information about the Hubbell MISSION CRITICAL® training and installer certification, go to:

www.hubbell-premise.com

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The ANSI/TIA-568-C series of standards is a family of our individual documents.

Note: the 568-C series will replace ANSI/TIA-568-B series in 2008.

�� ANSI/TIA-568-C.0: "Generic Telecommunications Cabling for Customer Premises".

�� ANSI/TIA-568-C.1: “Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Systems Standard”.

�� ANSI/TIA-568-C.2: “Balanced Twisted Pair Telecommunications Cabling Systems Standard”.

�� ANSI/TIA-568-C.3: “Optical Fiber Telecommunications Cabling Systems Standard”.

ANSI/TIA-568-C.0 defines the overall premises infrastructure for copper and fiber cabling. Detailed requirements for cabling installation and field-testing are also included.

TIA-568-C.1 provides detailed design requirements for horizontal and backbone cabling infrastructure and distribution facilities. TIA-568-C.2 and C.3 establish component level testing and prformance requirements for copper and fiber connecting hardware respectively.

ANSI/TIA-568-C.0 and C.1: Horizontal Cabling (previously 568-B.1)

The horizontal cabling in a building is a single floor cable distribution from the horizontal cross connect (HC) in the telecommunications room (TR) to the work area (WA) outlet.

Recognized Horizontal Cables �� 4-Pair 100� UTP or Screened Twisted Pair (ScTP), Category 3, 5e, 6, and 6A.

� • Minimum 2-Strand Multimode Fiber Optic Cable.

�� 150� Shielded Twisted Pair (STP).

Horizontal Cable Minimum Bend Radius and Pull Force �� 4-Pair UTP: 4 times cable diameter.

• Maximum pull force: 25 lbs.

�� Fiber Cable: 10 times cable diameter.

• See pages N14 and N15 for Pull Forces.

NOTE: See pages N14 and N16 for Installation Practices.

Multimode fiber cable

Recognized Connectors

�� 8-position modular jack and plug.

� • Pin/pair assignments configured T568A or T568B.

�� 568SC and ST-style fiber connectors.

�� SFF fiber connectors: LC and MT-RJ.

Horizontal Cabling Topology and Design Notes

Each outlet connection in the work area has an individual cable run (link) from the TR.

This represents a star topology shown in the diagram. This arrangement is most convenient for moves, adds and changes (MAC’s). Any horizontal cable link is limited to 90 meters in length. Locate the TR centrally on each floor to equalize cable run lengths.

As a rule, use 40% max fill for cable pathways. Allow one work area per 100 sq. ft. of floor space for design purposes.

UTP cable

STP cable

Standards

ANSI/TIA-568-C

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The consolidation point is an optional interconnection node that is allowed in the horizontal cabling between the TR and the work area.

�� The consolidation point must be mounted to a permanent building structure in an area free from obstructions or furniture.

�� Cross connections are not allowed in the consolidation enclosure.

�� Due to the effect of NEXT on multiple connections in close proximity, this standard recommends locating all consolidation points at least 15m (49 ft.) away from the TR.

�� Consolidation points and transition points cannot be combined in any single horizontal link.

�� Each consolidation point should serve a maximum of 12 work areas, with consideration for future growth.

�� Administration should follow the guidelines of ANSI/TIA-606-B.

The MUTOA contains multiple telecommunications outlet connectors to service a cluster of individual work areas.

�� A combination of solid conductor 4-pair UTP cables and fiber optic cables may be run from the TR to the MUTOA.

�� The MUTOA is permanently mounted to a building structure that is in close proximity to a cluster of work areas.

�� A MUTOA allows horizontal cabling to remain intact when the open-office layout plan is changed.

�� Work area cables are either fiber patch cords or stranded conductor copper cords with a modular plug on each end.

�� Length of all work area cables from the MUTOA must be labeled on both ends. Maximum length is 20 meters for horizontal runs less than 70 meters.

�� Each MUTOA should serve a maximum of 12 work areas.

�� Administration should follow the guidelines of ANSI/TIA-606-B.

MUTOA Solution

B3 Work Area

Cord

B2

C o n so li d a ti o n

P o in t

Consolidation Point Solution

A1

Solid Horizontal

Cable

A Horizontal Cable Maximum Length 90 meters/295 ft.

B Work Area Cord Maximum Length 5 meters/16.4 ft.

HORIZONTAL

C ro ss C o n n e ct A2

Solid Horizontal

Cable

These are maximum channel length configurations - alternate length configuration are allowed, consult the standard.

Switch

B1

B1 +B2 +B3 < 10 meters.

A1 > 15 meters.

A1 + A2 < 90 meters.

Telco Room Telco Room Maximum Length 5 meters/16.4 ft.

B Work Area

Cord

A

Solid Horizontal

Cable

HORIZONTAL

C ro ss C o n n e ct

MUTOA

Backbone

Cable

A Horizontal Cable Maximum Length 90 meters/295 ft.

85 meters/279 ft.

80 meters/262 ft.

75 meters/246 ft.

70 meters/230 ft.

B Work Area Cord Maximum Length 3 meters/9.8 ft.

7 meters/23 ft.

11 meters/36 ft.

15 meters/49 ft.

20 meters/66 ft.

ANSI/TIA-568-C.0 and C.1: Horizontal Cabling Practices (cont'd)

Consolidation Point

The Multi-User Telecommunications Outlet Assembly (MUTOA)

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Max Distance: 90m

Centralized Cross

Connect Telecom Room

Work Areas

FIGURE 1 - Pull-through Method

Max Distance: 300m (Includes horizontal + backbone + patch cords)

Centralized Cross

Connect Telecom Room

Work Areas

FIGURE 2 - Splice Method

Max Distance: 300m

Centralized Cross

Connect

Telecom Room

Work Areas

FIGURE 3 - Interconnect Method

Application Wave length (nm)

Maximum Supportable Distance (m) Maximum Channel Attenuation (dB)

Multimode

Single-mode

Multimode

Single-mode62.5/125 50/125

850 nm Laser Optimized 50/125

62.5/125 50/125

850 mm Laser Optimized 50/125

10/100BASE-SX 850 300 300 300 NST 4.0 4.0 4.0 NST

Gigabit Ethernet

1000BASE-SX 850 220 550 N/A N/A 3.2 3.9 N/A N/A

1000BASE-LX 1300 550 550 N/A 5000 4.0 3.5 N/A 4.7

10G Ethernet

10GBASE-S 850 26 82 300 NST 2.6 2.3 2.6 NST

10GBASE-L 1310 NST NST NST 10000 NST NST NST 6.0

10GBASE-E 1550 NST NST NST 40000 NST NST NST 11.0

10GBASE-LX4 1300 300 300 300 NST 2.5 2.0 2.0 NST

10GBASE-LX4 1310 N/A N/A N/A 10000 N/A N/A N/A 6.6

NOTES:

S=Short wavelength; L=Long wavelength; E=Extended wavelength.

NST=Non-standard; N/A=Not applicable.

LX4=Multiplex (4) wavelengths.

ANSI/TIA-568-C.0 and C.1: Optical Fiber Supportable Distances

ANSI/TIA-568-C.0: Fiber Optic Cabling Guidelines: Centralized Cabling Single tenant users of fiber optic data networks can avoid distributed electronic equipment by using the centralized cabling method.

Centralized electronic equipment and cabling reduces cost and complexity, and maximizes transmission performance. Extended dis-tances are permitted using these methods. The interconnect method is most flexible and is the preferred choice.

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Recognized Backbone Cables

Twisted Pair Copper Cable

�� Data: 100� solid conductor 24-AWG UTP or Screened Twisted Pair (ScTP) (Cat 6A, Cat 6 or Cat 5e).

�� Voice: 100� solid conductor 24-AWG UTP (Cat 3 or Cat 5e).

�� Multi-pair cable (25-pair, 50-pair).

Multimode Fiber Optic Cable

�� 62.5/125�m fiber.

�� 50/125�m fiber.

�� 50/125�m fiber (laser optimized).

Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable

�� 9/125�m fiber.

Backbone Cable Minimum Bend Radius

�� 4-pair 100� UTP: 4x cable diameter.

�� Multi-pair (25-50 pair): 10X cable diameter.

�� Fiber cable: 15x cable diameter (with load)/10X (no load).

�� OSP fiber cable: 20x cable diameter (with load)/10X (no load).

For the simplest design, the HC on each floor receives a home run backbone cable from the MC in the ER. This represents a star topology. Multiple buildings in a campus form a Hierarchical star topology from the central MC facility. Codes require non-fire rated OSP backbone cable to extend no longer than 50 ft into the building without conduit. Firestopping is required for wall or floor penetra-tions of backbone sleeves or slots. Properly support vertical cables, and do not exceed manufacturer’s vertical rise limits.

Consider diverse and redundant cable paths for disaster recovery. If possible, vertically align TR’s on multiple floors to simplify the backbone pathways.

NOTE: See page N14 through N16 for Pull Forces, Minimum Bend Radius, and Installation Practices.

Multimode fiber cable

UTP cable

STP cable

ANSI/TIA-568-C.1: Backbone Cabling A backbone distribution system is the part of a premises distribution system that provides connection between equipment rooms (ERs), telecommunication rooms (TRs), telecommunication enclosures (TEs), and telecommunication services entrance facilities (EFs).

Backbone Cabling Topology and Design Notes

Singlemode fiber cable

Backbone Cabling

TR #3

Third Floor

TR #2

Second Floor

TR #1

First Floor

Equipment Room (ER)

HC

HC

HC

MC

TR: Telecommunications Room HC: Horizontal Cross Connect MC: Main Cross Connect

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�� Backbone distances are application dependent. Maximum distances for UTP are based on voice transmission. A 90-meter maximum distance applies to UTP data transmission at a bandwidth of 5-16 MHz for Category 3, 20-100 MHz for Category 5e, and 1-250 MHz for Category 6.

�� For UTP voice applications and fiber, the backbone distances of segment “B” may be increased if “C” is less than the maximum, but the total B + C must not exceed “A”.

�� Refer to "Optical Fiber Supportable Distances" on page N7.

Main Cross-Connect to Horizontal 1st Level Backbone Media Type Distance

62.5/125�m fiber or 2000m 50/125�m fiber (6560’) Singlemode fiber 3000m (9840’) UTP (voice) 800m (2624’) UTP (data) 90m (295’)

WORK AREA

HORIZONTAL CABLING

C ro ss C o n n e ct

HORIZONTAL

MAIN

C ro ss C o n n e ct

C ro ss C o n n e ct

INTERMEDIATE

C ro ss C o n n e ct

HORIZONTAL

A B

C

A

Main Cross-Connect to Intermediate

1st Level Backbone Media Type Distance

62.5/125�m fiber 1700m 50/125�m fiber (5575’) Singlemode fiber 2700m (8856’) UTP (voice) 500m (1640’)

B

Intermediate to Horizontal

2nd Level Backbone Media Type Distance

62.5/125�m fiber 300m 50/125�m fiber (984’) Singlemode fiber 300m (984’)

UTP (voice) 300m (984’)

C

A = B + C

NOTE: Fiber distances are based on voice transmission.

See table on page N7 for data applications.

ANSI/TIA-568-C.1: Backbone and Horizontal Cabling Structure A backbone cabling structure shall have no more than two levels of cross-connections. A two-level backbone and the relationship with horizontal cabling is shown below.

Application Notes

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.1 ANSI/TIA-568-C.1: Work Area The work area is the terminal end of the structured cabling network. This is the space for interaction of people with computers, phones, data terminals, and other devices on a local area network (LAN).

�� A minimum of two telecommunications outlet connectors are required at each work area:

�� First Outlet (mandatory): 4-pair 100� UTP or ScTP cable and connector (Category 5e min. recommended).

�� Second Outlet:

�� 4-pair 100� UTP cable and connector (min. Category 5e, Category 6 is recommended).

�� 2-fiber 62.5/125�m or 50/125�m optical fiber cable and connectors: SC, ST-style, or SFF recommended.

�� One horizontal transition point or consolidation point is permitted.

�� Bridges, taps, or splices are not allowed in copper wiring.

�� Additional outlets are allowed. Double gang box is best for service loop storage.

�� Equipment cords must have the same performance rating as the patch cords.

�� Maximum length for work area cords is 5 meters.

�� Splitters are not allowed in optical fibers.

�� Separation from electrical wiring and pathways shall be according to ANSI/TIA-569-B.

�� Work area telecommunications outlet boxes should be located near an electrical outlet (within 3 feet) and installed at the same height, if appropriate.

�� For cable count and pathway capacity, use 1 work area per 100 ft.2 of floor space as a general rule. Always factor in future growth for all pathways.

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The Telecommunications Room (TR) is an enclosed space for management and termination of backbone and horizontal cross connections. The TR typically provides the horizontal cabling to all of the work areas on a single floor of a building. The TR is centrally located, and isolated from EMI (electromagnetic interference), with proper grounding and lighting. The TR may also contain other active equipment, power, or security devices. Backbone cabling feeds each TR in a building from the main cross-connect (MC) in the Equipment Room (ER).

Basic Requirements:

�� Minimum (1) TR per floor.

�� No carpet or suspended ceilings.

�� Minimum (2) walls covered with ¾" A/C plywood.

�� Dedicated, unswitched electrical power.

�� (1) TR serves up to 10,000 sq. ft. of floor space.

�� Temperature and humidity control.

The Equipment Room (ER) is a centralized space for housing the core electronic equipment, such as computer servers, routers, hubs, etc. The backbone cabling originates from the ER, which serves the entire building or campus. The ER may function as a TR, and also may contain an entrance facility. Stringent electrical and environmental requirements apply to the design of an ER to provide a suitable operating environment for active network equipment. ERs should be supplied with non-switched, conditioned power with back-up. ERs should not be located near mechanical rooms, electrical distribution panels, or wet/dirty areas.

Basic Requirements:

�� Minimum (1) ER per building.

�� No carpet, suspended ceiling permitted.

�� Dedicated, unswitched electrical power - back-up and surge protection.

�� (1) ER serves up to 20,000 sq. ft. of floor space.

�� Temperature and humidity control.

�� Double doors for entrance.

The Entrance Facility (EF) is located where the access provider and inter-building network cables enter the building. Outside plant cables, typically from underground, are terminated inside the entrance facility. This location is known as the demarcation point – the transition from access provider to customer-owned cable. A combination of electrical, fire, building, municipal, and FCC codes apply to the EF. The EF may share other functions, including fire and security alarms, CCTV, CATV, PBX, etc.

Basic Requirements:

�� Dry environment.

�� Proper backboarding for equipment.

�� Secure location.

�� Access to building electrical service ground.

�� Circuit protection.

ANSI/TIA-568-C.1

Telecommunications Room (TR)

Equipment Room (ER)

Entrance Facility (EF)

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Table 1: Categories of Transmission Performance and Field Test Parameters Insertion Wire Delay Return Category Loss NEXT Length Map Skew ELFEXT Loss PSACR PSELFEXT PSNEXT ANEXT Cat 3 (16 MHz) � � � � Cat 5e (100 MHz) � � � � � � � � � �

Cat 6 (250 MHz) � � � � � � � � � � Cat 6A (500 MHz) � � � � � � � � � � �

NEXT Loss Frequency Cat 5e Cat 6 Cat 6A (MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB)

1.0 60.0 65.0 65.0

4.0 54.8 64.1 64.1

8.0 50.0 59.4 59.4

10.0 48.5 57.8 57.8

16.0 45.2 54.6 54.6

20.0 43.7 53.1 53.1

25.0 42.1 51.5 51.5

31.25 40.5 50.0 50.0

62.5 35.7 45.1 45.1

100.0 32.3 41.8 41.8

200.0 - 36.9 36.9

250.0 - 35.3 35.3

300.0 - - 34.0

400.0 - - 29.9

500.0 - - 26.7

Return Loss Frequency Cat 5e Cat 6 Cat 6A (MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB)

1.0 19.0 19.1 19.1

4.0 19.0 21.0 21.0

8.0 19.0 21.0 21.0

10.0 19.0 21.0 21.0

16.0 19.0 20.0 20.0

20.0 19.0 19.5 19.5

25.0 18.0 19.0 19.0

31.25 17.1 18.5 18.5

62.5 14.1 16.0 16.0

100.0 12.0 14.0 14.0

200.0 - 11.0 11.0

250.0 - 10.0 10.0

300.0 - - 9.2

400.0 - - 8.0

500.0 - - 8.0

Insertion Loss Frequency Cat 5e Cat 6 Cat 6A (MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB)

1.0 2.1 1.9 1.9

4.0 3.9 3.5 3.5

8.0 5.5 5.0 5.0

10.0 6.2 5.5 5.5

16.0 7.9 7.0 7.0

20.0 8.9 7.9 7.8

25.0 10.0 8.9 8.8

31.25 11.2 10.0 9.8

62.5 16.2 14.4 14.1

100.0 21.0 18.6 18.0

200.0 - 27.4 26.1

250.0 - 31.1 29.5

300.0 - - 32.7

400.0 - - 38.5

500.0 - - 43.8

Permanent Link Performance

Insertion Loss Frequency Cat 5e Cat 6 Cat 6A (MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB)

1.0 2.2 2.1 2.3

4.0 4.5 4.0 4.2

8.0 6.3 5.7 5.8

10.0 7.1 6.3 6.5

16.0 9.1 8.0 8.2

20.0 10.2 9.0 9.2

25.0 11.4 10.1 10.2

31.25 12.9 11.4 11.5

62.5 18.6 16.5 16.4

100.0 24.0 21.3 20.9

200.0 - 31.5 30.1

250.0 - 35.9 33.9

300.0 - - 37.4

400.0 - - 43.7

500.0 - - 49.3

Return Loss Frequency Cat 5e Cat 6 Cat 6A (MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB)

1.0 17.0 19.0 19.0

4.0 17.0 19.0 19.0

8.0 17.0 19.0 19.0

10.0 17.0 19.0 19.0

16.0 17.0 18.0 18.0

20.0 17.0 17.5 17.5

25.0 16.0 17.0 17.0

31.25 15.1 16.5 16.5

62.5 12.1 14.0 14.0

100.0 10.0 12.0 12.0

200.0 - 9.0 9.0

250.0 - 8.0 8.0

300.0 - - 7.2

400.0 - - 6.0

500.0 - - 6.0

NEXT Loss Frequency Cat 5e Cat 6 Cat 6A (MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB)

1.0 60.0 65.0 65.0

4.0 53.5 63.0 63.0

8.0 48.6 58.2 58.2

10.0 47.0 56.6 56.6

16.0 43.6 53.2 53.2

20.0 42.0 51.6 51.6

25.0 40.3 50.0 50.0

31.25 38.7 48.4 48.4

62.5 33.6 43.4 43.4

100.0 30.1 39.9 39.9

200.0 - 34.8 34.8

250.0 - 33.1 33.1

300.0 - - 31.7

400.0 - - 28.7

500.0 - - 26.1

Channel Performance

NEXT Loss - Category 6 Frequency Cord Limit (dB) (MHz) 2m 5m 10m

1.0 65.0 65.0 65.0

4.0 65.0 65.0 65.0

8.0 65.0 65.0 64.8

10.0 65.0 64.5 62.9

16.0 62.0 60.5 59.0

20.0 60.1 58.6 57.2

25.0 58.1 56.8 55.4

31.25 56.2 54.9 53.6

62.5 50.4 49.2 48.1

100.0 46.4 45.3 44.4 125 44.5 43.5 42.7 150 43.0 42.1 41.4 175 41.8 40.9 40.2 200 40.6 39.8 39.3 225 39.7 38.9 38.4 250 38.8 38.1 37.6

Return Loss Frequency Cat 5e Cat 6 Cat 6A (MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB)

1.0 25.0 25.0 20.0

4.0 25.0 25.0 23.0

8.0 25.0 25.0 24.5

10.0 25.0 25.0 25.0

16.0 25.0 25.0 25.0

20.0 24.0 25.0 25.0

31.25 23.1 23.1 23.3

62.5 20.1 20.1 20.7

100.0 18.0 18.0 19.0

200.0 - 15.0 16.4

250.0 - 14.0 15.6

300.0 - - 14.9

400.0 - - 13.8

500.0 - - 13.0

Patch Cord Performance

ANSI/TIA-568-C.2: Balanced Twisted Pair Cabling and Components The tables below incorporate enhanced performance requirements for UTP cables and connecting hardware: Category 3, 5e, 6, and 6A.

All Hubbell products exceed these minimum requirements.

ANSI/TIA-568-C.2: Balanced Twisted Pair Cabling Components This standard specifies electrical performance requirements for installed UTP cable and connecting hardware for each recognized category. Augmented Category 6 with extended frequency and additional parameters (ANEXT) is included. Performance categories, bandwidth, and field test parameters are listed in the table below. Refer to the glossary for explanation of test parameters.

NEXT Loss - Category 6A Frequency Cord Limit (dB) (MHz) 1m 2m 5m 10m

1.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0

4.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0

8.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 64.8

10.0 65.0 65.0 64.5 62.9

16.0 62.6 62.0 60.5 59.1

20.0 60.7 60.1 58.6 57.2

25.0 58.8 58.2 56.8 55.4

31.25 56.9 56.3 54.9 53.6

62.5 51.0 50.4 49.2 48.1

100.0 47.0 46.4 45.4 44.5 200 41.1 40.7 39.9 39.3 250 39.3 38.9 38.1 37.7 300 36.4 36.2 35.9 35.8 400 31.8 31.9 32.1 32.5 500 28.2 28.4 29.0 29.8

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Permanent Link The permanent link test configuration includes a length of horizontal cable and one connector attached to each end (see diagram). One optional consolidation point connection is also permitted. The permanent link runs from the cross-connect panel in the TR to the work station outlet. The permanent link overall length must not exceed 90m (295 ft.).Fi e ld

T e st

In st ru m e n t

Fi e ld

T e st

In st ru m e n t

Begin Link

End Link

90m (295’) Horizontal Cable

Hand Held Tester Cord Hand Held

Tester Cord

Telco Outlet

Horizontal Cross Connect or Interconnect

Channel The channel test configuration includes a length of horizontal cable up to 90 meters, a work area cord, and two patch cord cross connections (see diagram). One optional consolidation point connection is also permitted in the channel. The channel overall length must not exceed 100m (328 ft.).

Hubbell Approved Field Testers for UTP and Optical Fiber Cabling

The Hubbell MISSION CRITICAL® warranty program recognizes the field testers and associated test adapters below. These testers function in a bidirectional mode, with automatic data acquisition and storage. All MISSION CRITICAL® test parameters are measured and recorded with these testers, for copper or fiber cabling.

Begin Channel

End Channel90m (295’)

Horizontal Cable

Telco Outlet

Work Area Patch Cord

TR

Equipment Patch Cord

Horizontal Cross Connect

Fi e ld

T e st

In st ru m e n t

Fi e ld

T e st

In st ru m e n t

Permanent 110 Block 110 Block Cat 6A Field Tester Model Link Adapter Channel Adapter T568A Wiring T568B Wiring AXT Test Kit

Fluke DTX Series Cat 5e/ DTX-PLA001 DTX-CHA001 DTX-PLA001 DTX-PLA001 PLA002 1800 and 1200 Cat 6 w/DSP-PM06 w/DSP-PM13A w/DSP-PM13B

Cat 6A DTX-PLA0025 DTXCHAOO1AS N/A N/A DTX-10GKIT

Fluke DSP Series Cat 5e/ DSP-LIA101S DSP-LIA012S DSP-PM13A DSP-PM13B 4000, 4100 Cat 6A w/DSP-PM06 and 4300

Cat 6A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Fluke OMNIScanner Cat 5e/ OMNI-LIA101S 8262-42 OMNI-LIA101S OMNI-LIA101S and OMNIScanner 2 Cat 6 w/DSP-PM06 w/DSP-PM13A w/DSP-PM13B

Cat 6A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Agilent Wirescope 350 Cat 5e/ N2604A-101 N2604A-100 N2604A-065 N2604A-066 and FrameScope 350 Cat 6

Wirescope Pro Cat 6A N2644A-101 N2644A-100 N/A N/A N2648A-100

Ideal Lantek 6 and Cat 5e/ HPW PCX6Patch Cord 0012-00-0629 1019-00-1112 (Kit) 1019-00-1112 (Kit) Lantek 7 Cat 6

Lantek 6A-7G Cat 6A HPW PS6 Series Supplied in unit N/A N/A LANTEK atch Cord 10GBKIT

CP

(optional)

CP

(optional)

ANSI/TIA-568-C.2: UTP Permanent Link and Channel Field Testing

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R e co m m e n d e d

U

TP

I n st a ll a ti o n

P ra ct ic e s

Category 6A Installation Practices �� Refer to Hubbell 10GbE Cabling Guidelines.

�� NOTE: Larger cable diameters will have an impact on design, pathway fill capacity, and cable deployment.

VELCRO® is a registered trademarks of Velcro Industries B.V.

�� Use the proper strip tool for the cable jacket. Don't cut into the conductor pairs.

�� For best results, use the zip cord and peel away the cable jacket.

�� Position the stripped cable jacket as close as possible to the termination point to minimize exposure of the twisted pairs.

�� Maintain the natural twist of all conductor pairs as close as possible to the termination point. For Category 5e and 6 wiring, the maximum length of untwisted pairs is 0.5”. Minimum untwisting optimizes Return Loss performance.

�� Never uncoil UTP cable from a stationary spool. Permanent kinks will result from straightening, and NEXT failures may occur. Unwind the cable by rotating the spool with steady speed and tension. Also avoid scraping and kinking when feeding into conduit or raceway.

�� Store cable slack for wall outlets above the ceiling for future re-termination.

�� Use proper supports and spacing to minimize sag in horizontal runs. Long runs should use cable trays. Do not overload cable supports and trays.

�� Don't exceed 40% cable fill ratio in any pathway.

�� Avoid EMI by maximizing the separation distance from high voltage circuits, transformers, motors, etc. For shared pathways, use partitioned raceway with 2” minimum separation from power wiring.

�� Do not run UTP cables over heater ducts or hot water ducts. High temperatures will degrade performance and deteriorate the cable jacket.

�� Centralize TR’s to equalize the horizontal cable runs on each floor. Maximum horizontal distance is 90 meters.

Very short horizontal runs can increase NEXT.

�� Never use staples to position cables.

�� Use good cable management practices to maintain proper bend radius.

�� For Category 6 cabling, store service loops in a figure "8" pattern to minimize cross-talk and EMI noise pick-up.

�� All grounding and bonding shall be according to

J-STD-607-A.

Maintain a maxi-mum bend radius of 4x the cable diameter (4-pair cables).

Do’s � Don’ts �

Never exceed a 90 degree bend.

Apply cable ties loosely and at random intervals.

VELCRO® is recommended.

Don’t over-tighten cable ties.

Try to minimize the amount of jacket twisting.

Don’t over-twist cable, it can lead to torn jackets.

Avoid stretching the cable.

Don’t exceed 25 lbs. of pulling tension.

Recommended UTP Installation Practices

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This standard incorporates optical, mechanical, and environmental performance requirements for installed fiber optic cables and connectors.

�� The optical fiber cable construction shall consist of 50/125�m, 62.5/125�m multimode fibers, or 9/125�m singlemode optical fibers.

�� Installed optical fiber cabling and connection hardware shall meet the requirements of ANSI/TIA-568-C.3, and applicable sections of ANSI/TIA-568-C.1.

Performance Specifications for Multimode and Singlemode Fiber Optic Connectors

�� Maximum insertion loss is 0.75dB for mated pair connectors of all types. Maximum splice loss is 0.3dB.

�� Maximum return loss is 20dB for multimode and 26dB for singlemode fiber.

�� All fiber links are tested individually.

Minimum Bend Radius and Maximum Pulling Tension �� 2 and 4 fiber cables for horizontal cabling shall not exceed a minimum of 25mm (1”) bend radius with no applied load.

�� 2 and 4 fiber cables for horizontal cabling shall not exceed a minimum of 50mm (2”) bend radius with a maximum applied load of 222N (50Lbf).

�� All other indoor fiber cables shall not exceed a minimum bend radius of 10 times the cable outside diameter (O.D.)

with no applied load, and 15 times the cable O.D. with the rated load applied.

�� Outside plant fiber cables shall not exceed a minimum bend radius of 10 times the cable O.D. with no applied load, and 20 times the cable O.D. with the rated load applied.

�� Outside plant cables shall have a minimum pull strength of 2670N (600Lbf).

�� Drop cables shall have a minimum pull strength of 1335N (300 Lbf).

�� Workstation (patch cord) cables shall have a minimum pull strength of 50N (11Lbf).

568SC Standard Fiber Connector �� Most widely recognized connector for multimode and singlemode applications.

�� Each channel in a duplex SC interconnect are referred to as Position ‘A’ and Position ‘B’.

�� A 62.5/125 multimode SC connector housing or adapter shall be beige.

�� A 50/125 multimode SC connector housing or adapter shall all be aqua.

�� A singlemode SC connector or adapter shall be blue.

Small Form Factor Connectors (SFF) �� Approved for use in main cross connects, horizontal and backbone cabling, consolidation points, and the work area.

Use for high-density applications.

�� SFF connector type 'LC' is recommended most.

Optical fiber Wavelength Max. Attenuation Bandwidth cable type (nm) (dB/km) (MHz-Km) 50/125�m 850 3.5 500 Multimode 1300 1.5 500 50/125�m 850 3.5 2000 Laser Optimized 1300 1.5 500 62.5/125�m 850 3.5 160 Multimode 1300 1.5 500 Singlemode 1310 1 N/A Inside Plant 1550 1 N/A Singlemode 1310 0.5 N/A Outside Plant 1550 0.5 N/A

Backbone and Horizontal Fiber Cabling Structure

MAIN

C ro ss C o n n e ct

HORIZONTAL

WORK AREA

HORIZONTAL FIBER CABLING

1st Level

BACKBONE

1st Level

BACKBONE

2nd Level

BACKBONE

Fi b e r

C ro ss C o n n e ct

Fi b e r

C ro ss C o n n e ct

INTERMEDIATE

C ro ss C o n n e ct

HORIZONTAL

Optical Fiber Cable Transmission Performance Parameters

ANSI/TIA-568-C.0 and C.3: Optical Fiber Cabling and Components

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ANSI/TIA-568-C.0 and C.3: Optical Fiber Cabling and Components

Fiber Link Testing An optical fiber link test configuration includes a length of passive horizontal or backbone cable with a connector attached to each end. Consolidation point connections are permitted within the system loss budget. Each individual link segment in a fiber backbone or horizontal run must be tested. The total link insertion loss is the sum of the individual link segment losses.

Recommended Optical Fiber Installation Practices

Cable Runs �� Use inner duct through conduit and sleeves to protect cables from abrasion.

�� Conduit fill rules apply: 40% maximum fill and no more than (2) 90° bends in a single run.

A 50% conduit fill is permitted for a single cable.

�� Maintain proper bend radius in all locations. Use a bend radius drum for strain relief and support.

�� Vertical cables must be supported by the internal strength member.

�� Do not use clamps or staples to support cables.

�� Use the proper pulling method, and do not exceed the cable tensile load rating.

Consult the cable manufacturer.

Stripping and Cable Prep

�� Use the proper cable strip tools to avoid damage to fibers.

�� Use the ripcord to remove cable jacket.

�� Never use a utility knife for scoring the cable or sheath.

�� Establish all break-out locations before connectorization.

Connectorization

�� Use recognized methods, such as epoxy, anaerobic, crimp, or pre-polish type.

�� Terminate and test in small batches.

�� Relieve all cable weight from the installed connectors.

�� Always clean and inspect connector end face before mating into the adapter.

�� Check several channels with an OTDR to verify cable installation is free of micro-bends.

Service Loops

�� Leave several large coils of main run cable at each end of the run.

�� Leave approximately 2-3 meters of buffered fiber coiled in fiber enclosures.

�� Leave 1 meter of buffered fiber coiled behind wall outlets.

NOTE: Advanced testers will measure insertion loss in both directions at multiple wavelengths through (2) channels.

Fiber LinkFiber Link

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.2 -1

C a te g o ry 6

A ANSI/TIA-568-C.2: Category 6A UTP Cabling Augmented Category 6, or Category 6A unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable is designed to support 10GBASE-T (10 Gigabit Ethernet) transmission in accordance with IEEE802.3an requirements. IEEE802.3an was officially ratified in June 2006. The 568B.2-10 standard for Category 6A was officially ratified in February 2008.

�� Category 6A permanent link and channel performance are defined to 500 MHz.

�� Alien Cross Talk (AXT) parameters are defined to 500 MHz.

�� AXT is a measure of signal coupling from energized pairs in a disturber cable or component into disturbed pairs within surrounding cables or components.

�� Category 6A AXT parameters are summarized below (see Glossary also):

• ANEXT (Alien Near End Crosstalk).

• PSANEXT (Power Sum Alien Near-End Crosstalk).

• AACRF (Attenuation to Alien Crosstalk Ratio, Far End). NOTE: Previously referred to as AFEXT.

• PSAACRF (Power Sum Attenuation to Alien Crosstalk ratio, Far-End). NOTE: Previously referred to as PSAFEXT.

To mitigate the effects of AXT, the cable design shall meet the “worst case” 6-around-1 AXT requirements as shown below. Larger wire size, tighter twisting and thicker cable jacket are key design parameters. As a result, the cable diameter is larger, and will have an impact on installation practices. Refer to Hubbell’s “10 GbE Cabling Guidelines for more details.

�� Field-testing of AXT in installed links or channels is optional per 568B-2-10.

�� AXT field testing equipment is identified in the table on page N13.

�� Link and channel components must also be designed to mitigate AXT.

TIA/TSB-155: Field AXT Mitigation for Installed Category 6 Cabling Telecommunications Systems Bulletin TSB-155, released in March 2007, was developed to qualify installed Category 6 cabling for operation at 500 MHz to support 10GbE transmission. Category 6 cabling used for 10GbE applications is restricted to the performance level of the cable and the AXT environment.

�� Defines field AXT test parameters for installed Category 6 cabling links.

�� Establishes length restrictions for installed Category 6 cabling.

�� Standard Category 6 cabling: 37 meters maximum (no testing).

�� Standard Category 6 cabling: 37 to 55 meters maximum (AXT testing recommended, mitigation not likely).

�� Enhanced Category 6 cabling: > 55 meters (Mitigation and AXT testing highly recommended, , mitigation expected).

�� NOTE: The primary limitation with 10GbE operation is ANEXT. Individual Cat 6 links with no EMI should be able to support 10GbE up to 100m. Multiple links in parallel become a concern with ANEXT.

The mitigation procedure suggested by TSB-155 is outlined below. Each mitigation step requires field AXT testing to 500 MHz for verification.

�� Unbundle cables and patch cords.

�� Substitute ScTP patch cords and equipment cords.

�� Substitute Category 6A jacks.

�� Substitute Category 6A panels.

"Worst Case" 6 around 1 AXT Test Configuration.

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Flush, FRPTHubbell SystemOne

AV FRPT

Large Capacity, FRPT

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569B: Surface (Perimeter) Raceway Systems �� May contain work area outlets at desired locations.

�� Include the base channel, cover, fittings and outlet accessories.

�� May be either single channel or multi-channel with dividers.

�� Are designed to maintain 25mm (1 in.) minimum cable bend radius.

�� Can be installed as baseboard, chair rail, or ceiling runs with vertical feeders.

�� Support single or multiple room distribution.

�� Should be sized at 40% max cable fill to accommodate future expansion.

NOTE: Metallic raceway systems shall be properly bonded to ground per J-STD-607-A.

Never combine power and data cabling within a single raceway channel.

569B: Furniture Pathways and Spaces �� Separation requirements apply for power and data cabling.

�� Furniture pathways shall have a minimum cross section area of 9.5 cm2 (1.5 in2).

�� This specification is based on a work area cluster serving four persons with three outlet connections each.

NOTE: The usable cross sectional area may be reduced by bend radius limits of the installed cables.

569B: Access Floor Pathways and Spaces �� Standard access floors shall have a minimum of 150mm (6in.) finished floor height.

�� A floor height of 200mm (8in.) is the recommended clearance for cable trays.

�� The free space above any cable tray or raceway under an access floor must allow for easy removal of covers.

�� Connecting hardware is prohibited below the access floor, however a consolidation point is permitted as an exception.

�� Locate penetration points and floor outlets away from office traffic.

�� All standards apply for separation of power and data cables.

569B: Poke-Thru Fittings �� A poke-thru device is used for penetration of building cabling through above-grade structural floors. Typically available in flush or raised configurations.

�� Maintain fire rating of the floor after installation.

�� Provide power and/or data service ports in limited capacity.

NOTE: Contact a Structural Engineer before penetrating load-bearing floors

569B: In-Floor Systems �� Typically specifies embedded ducting in concrete or cellular floor configurations.

�� Design of these systems applies to new building constructions.

569B: Multi-Tenant Pathways and Spaces �� Specifies common equipment and telecommunications rooms.

�� Also includes provisions for shared access and service provider spaces.

569B: Cable Trays and Wireways �� Describes various pre-fabricated structures for supporting and routing cables.

ANSI/TIA-569-B: Telecommunications Pathways and Spaces The applications below are supported by this standard. The 569B standard incorporates all previous addenda to the 569A version.

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ANSI/TIA-570-A Addenda

�� 570A-1: “Security Cabling for Residences”.

�� 570A-2: “Control Cabling for Residences”.

�� 570A-3: “Whole Home Audio Cabling for Residences”.

Bedroom CPE

Kitchen Outside Deck

Central Wiring Center

ADO

DD

CPE (optional)

Weather-resistant outlet (see page B32).

OC

OC

OC

Network Interface

Network Interface Device

To central office

ADO cable

Entrance Bridge

Registered jack (RJ-11)

Telecommunications outlet/connector

ADO: Auxiliary disconnect outlet CPE: Customer-provided equipment DD: Distribution device OC: Outlet cable

There are two grades of Residential Cabling:

�� Grade 1: Minimum Requirement.

• One 4-pair UTP Category 3 minimum cable and connecting hardware.

• One 75� series 6 coaxial cable and connecting hardware.

�� Grade 2: Advanced Multimedia (Recommended).

• Two 4-pair UTP Category 5e minimum cable and connecting hardware.

• Two 75� coaxial cables and connecting hardware.

• One pair of cabled multimode optical fibers (optional).

ANSI/TIA-570-B: Residential Telecommunications Cabling Standard This standard specifies cabling infrastructure for distribution of telecommunications services in single or multi-tenant dwellings.

Residential cabling begins at the interface with the Access Provider, known as the Demarcation Point. The in-house cable distribution follows a star topology. Cabling for audio, security, and home controls have been added to this standard in the addenda listed below.

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Key Elements of the Network that Require Identifier Labels and Records:

�� Connecting hardware and splices.

�� Cables.

�� Telecommunications pathways (conduit, firestops, etc.).

�� Telecommunications spaces (EF, ER, TR, WA).

�� Grounding and bonding locations (TMGB, TGB, TBB).

�� Equipment.

�� Building.

�� Outside plant (OSP) cables and pathways.

Four Classes of System Administration:

�� Class 1: Single Building, 1 TR.

�� Class 2: Single Building, multiple TR’s.

�� Class 3: Campus with OSP.

�� Class 4: Multi-Campus/Multi OSP.

Requirements for Identifiers

�� Identifiers should have a logical alphanumeric code.

�� The code number should link to detailed permanent records.

�� Standard 606-B color codes should be used for all cross-connect fields.

Requirements for Records

�� Drawings and documents must be backed-up and secured by the building administration.

�� Moves, add’s and changes (MAC’s) must be documented with a change order.

�� MAC’s must be updated in the permanent records.

�� All identifier information must be cross-referenced in the permanent records.

Requirements for Labels

�� All labels must use a traceable, permanent identifier.

�� Each cable and pathway must be labeled on both ends.

�� All labels shall meet UL969 legibility, defacement and adhesion requirements.

�� Station connections may be labeled on the face plate.

�� All jack, connector and block hardware can be labeled on the outlet or panel.

Orange

Green

Purple

White

Gray

Blue

Brown

Yellow

Red

Demarcation point (Pantone 150C) - Central Office

Network connections on customer’s side (Pantone 353C)

Common equipment (Pantone 246C) - PVBX, LANs

1st level backbone - Main to Intermediate

2nd level backbone (Pantone 422C) - Intermediate to Telecom

Horizontal cabling (closet end only) (Pantone 291C) - Work Area

Inter-building backbone (Pantone 465C)- Campus Environment

Auxiliary circuits (Pantone 101C) - Alarm, Security, etc.

Key telephone systems (Pantone 184C)

606-B Color Coding

Patch Panels

Fiber Panels

Patch Cords

Cross Connect Blocks

ANSI/TIA-606-B: Administration Standard for Commercial Telecommunications Infrastructure This standard establishes basic guidelines for identification, labeling, and record keeping. These practices are essential for continued operation and maintenance of a cabled network. The advantages of identifying and documenting all elements of the cabling infrastructure are:

�� Improved traceability of the network connections, paths, and locations.

�� Moves, adds and changes (MAC’s) are easily implemented.

�� Maintenance and troubleshooting is simplified.

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This standard specifies grounding and bonding design and distribution methods for commercial buildings. Proper earth grounding of the building structure and wiring is a requirement of the National Electric Code (NEC). Bonding all electrical and telecommunications equipment to the primary grounding electrode conductor (GEC) is essential for maximizing performance and safety.

*Bonding to water pipes is now a code violation.

Bonding telecommunications equipment, facilities, and cabling to the primary grounding electrode is accomplished using the following major elements:

�� Grounding Electrode Conductor (GEC).

�� Bonding Conductor (BC).

�� Telecommunications Main Grounding Busbar (TMGB).

�� Telecommunications Bonding Backbone (TBB).

�� Telecommunications Grounding Busbar (TGB).

J-STD-607-A specifies the TMGB and TGB as a pre-drilled solid copper bar that extends the GEC for connecting the TBB. The TBB is typically a 6AWG stranded copper conductor that joins the copper TGB’s on each floor of the building. A TGB is located in every TR and ER in the building.

J-STD-607A also recommends surge protection devices for active telecommunications equipment.

* The GEC is the largest grounding conductor and extends into the earth to a specified depth.

�� The TBB should be continuous with no splices.

�� Connections to the TBB must use listed compression fittings.

Grounding Bar Cat No. MCCGBAR

The key advantages of converging BAS and Telecom cabling are:

�� Project responsibility is reduced to a single team.

�� The building design and system administration is simplified.

�� Consolidation of service, equipment, and cabling facilities is achieved.

�� Common pathways and bonding points create a centralized infrastructure.

�� Cabling installation and practices of ANSI/TIA-568-C can be utilized.

Basic Cabling Requirements for BAS:

�� The horizontal cabling, installation, and BAS outlet connector shall meet ANSI/TIA-568-C.1.

�� A distributed or centralized star topology should be used.

�� Recognized cables for BAS horizontal and backbone:

•100 Ohm balanced UTP cable (ANSI/TIA-568-C.2).

• Multimode or singlemode optical fiber (ANSI/TIA-568-C.3).

�� The BAS outlet may be connected from an HC or an optional CP.

�� Shared pathways of BAS/Telecom cables must be code and capacity compliant.

�� For use with balanced UTP cable, the BAS device operating voltage and current are limited per ANSI/TIA-862, Annex ‘A’.

�� Separation of services is recommended in ANSI/TIA-862, Annex ‘B’.

• Shared cable sheath of BAS and telecommunications wiring is not recommended.

TGB #3

TGB #2

TGB #1

TMGB

3rd Floor

2nd Floor

1st FloorTBB

BCT

GEC

J-STD-607-A: Commercial Building Grounding and Bonding Requirements for Telecommunications

ANSI/TIA-862: Building Automation Systems Cabling Standard for Commercial Buildings This standard establishes guidelines for structured cabling of low-voltage building automation systems (BAS). BAS wiring and control systems are converging with telecommunications infrastructures. NEC allows power-limited BAS systems to share the pathways and spaces with telecommunications infrastructure. LAN cabling is therefore not limited to voice and data transmission, and BAS applications present a new opportunity. Converging BAS with telecommunications are driving new industry standards. Designers must consider BAS cabling when sizing pathways and spaces in a building.

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Primary Entrance Room

(Carrier Equip and Demarcation)

Access Providers Access Providers

Offices, Operations Center, Support Rooms

Telecom Room (Office & Operations Center LAN switches)

Historical cabling

Main Distribution Area (Routers, Backbone, LAN/SAN

Switches, PBX, M13 Muxes) Secondary

Entrance Room (Carrier Equip and

Demarcation)

Backbone cabling

Access Providers

Horizontal Dist.

Area

(LAN/SAN/KVM Switches)

Equipment Dist.

Area

(Rack/Cabinet)

Zone Dist. Area

Horizontal Dist.

Area

(LAN/SAN/KVM Switches)

Horizontal Dist.

Area

(LAN/SAN/KVM Switches)

Horizontal Dist.

Area

(LAN/SAN/KVM Switches)

Equipment Dist.

Area

(Rack/Cabinet)

Equipment Dist.

Area

(Rack/Cabinet)

Equipment Dist.

Area

(Rack/Cabinet)

Backbone cabling

Backbone cabling

Computer Room Backb one c abling

Ba ck bo ne c ab lin g

Backbone cabling

Backbone cabling

Backbone cabling

Ba ckb one ca bli ng

Horizontal cabling

Horizontal cabling Horizontal cabling Horizontal cabling Horizontal cabling

ANSI/TIA-942: Telecommunications Infrastructure Standards for Data Centers TIA-942 defines a data center as a building or portion of a building dedicated to housing large scale computer rooms and support facilities. Data centers are highly protected facilities that typically serve large private institutions or public service providers.

Engineering design considerations for data centers include: architectural layout, space allocation, power, cooling, security, floor loading, telecommunications cabling distribution, and disaster avoidance/recovery.

Data centers have a high level of fault tolerance, with (4) tiers of redundancy for all critical systems and support functions. Higher tiers are inclusive of lower tiers of redundancy, and provide increased levels of protection from service interruptions caused by specific events, such as fire or earthquakes.