SECTION 02730 PAV 2008.doc

SECTION 02730

SANITARY SEWERS AND STORM DRAINS

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES:

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are refereed to in the text by basic designation only.

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

ASTM A 74 Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings

ASTM A 123 Zinc (Hot Dip

Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products

ASTM C 14 Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain and Culvert

Pipe

ASTM C 33 Concrete Aggregates

ASTM C 76 Reinforced Concrete

Culvert, Storm Drain and

Sewer Pipe

ASTM C 94 Ready Mixed

Concrete

ASTM C 150 Portland Cement

ASTM C 260 Air-Entraining

Admixtures for Concrete

ASTM C 270 Mortar for Masonry

ASTM C 443 Joints for

Circular Concrete Sewer and Culvert Pipe, Using

Rubber Gaskets

ASTM C 478 Precast Reinforced

Concrete Manhole Sections

ASTM C 564 Rubber Gaskets for

Cast Iron Soil Pipe and

Fittings

ASTM D 2680 Acrylonitrile-Buta-diene-Styrene (ABS) and polyvinyl-Chloride (PVC)

Composite Sewer Piping

ASTM D 2751 Acrylonitrile-Buta-diene-Styrene ( ABS) Sewer

Pipe and Fittings

ASTM D 3034 Type PSM polyvinyl-

Chloride (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings

ASTM D 3212 Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic

Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals

ASTM F 402 Safe Handling of Solvent Cements, Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining

Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings

ASTM F 477 Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for joining Plastic and Fittings

ASTM F 714 Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe

(SDR-PR) Based on Outside Diameter

ASTM F 794 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Profile

Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings based on Controlled Inside Diameter

ASTM F 949 Polyvinyl Chloride(PVC)

Corrugated Sewer Pipe with a Smooth

Interior and Fittings

AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION (AWWA)

AWWA C105 Polyethylene Encasement for

Ductile Iron Piping for Water and Other

Liquids

AWWA C110 Ductile Iron and Gray Iron

Fittings, 3 inch through 48 inch, for

Water and Other Liquids

AWWA C111 Rubber Gasket Joints for Ductile

Iron Pressure Pipe and Fittings

AWWA C115 Flanged Ductile Iron Pipe with

Threaded Flanges

AWWA C151 Ductile Iron Pipe, Centrifugally

Cast, for Water or Other Liquids

FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONS (FS)

FS QQ-C-40 (Basic; Am 2; Notice 1) Caulking:

Lead Wool and Lead Pig

FS RR-F-621 (Rev E) Frames, Covers, Gratings,teps, Sump and Catch Basin, Manhole

UNI-BELL PVC PIPE ASSOCIATION (UBPPA)

UBPPA UNI-B-9 Recommended Performance

Specification for Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

Profile Wall Gravity Sewer Pipe and

Fittings, Based on Controlled Inside

Diameter (Nominal Pipe Sizes 4 inch to 48 inch inclusive)

1.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

The construction required herein shall include appurtenant structures and building sewers to points of connection with the building drains 1.5 m (5 feet) outside the building to which the sewer system is to be connected. Excavation and backfilling is specified in Section 02222 EXCAVATION, TRENCHING AND BACKFILLING FOR UTILITIES SYSTEMS. Backfilling shall be accomplished after inspection and approval by the Contracting Officers Representative. Before, during and after installation, plastic pipe and fittings shall be protected from any environment that would result in damage or deterioration to the material. Solvents, solvent compounds, lubricants, elastomeric gaskets and any similar materials required to install the plastic pipe shall be stored in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendation.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 PIPE

2.1.1 Concrete Pipe

Concrete pipe 24 inches or less in diameter, unless otherwise shown or specified, shall be nonreinforced and conform to ASTM C 14, Class (1) [2]. Concrete pipe greater than 600 mm (24 inches) in diameter shall be reinforced and conform to ASTM C 76. Pipe less than 90 mm (36 inches) in diameter shall be bell and spigot type. Pipe 900 mm (36 inches) or greater in diameter shall be bell spigot type, tongue and groove type or modified tongue and groove type.

2.1.2 Plastic Pipe

Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composite sewer piping shall conform to ASTM D 2680. Size 200 mm (8 inch) through 380 m (15 inch) in diameter.

2.1.2.1 ABS Pipe

ASTM D 2751

2.1.2.2 PVC Pipe

ASTM D 3034, Type BSM with a minimum SDR of 35, Size 380 mm (15 inch) or less in diameter. ASTM F 949 for corrugated sewer pipes with a smooth interior. UBPPA UNI-B-9 and ASTM F 794, Series 46, for ribbed sewer pipe with smooth interior, size 200 mm (8 inch) through 1220 mm (48 inch) diameters.

2.1.3 Ductile Iron Pipe

Pipe shall conform to AWWA C151 unless otherwise shown or specified.

2.1.4 Cast Iron Pipe

astm a 74, Class SV except where lines are indicated as acid resistant they shall be Class XH and contain not less than 12 percent silicon. When installed underground pipe shall be encased with polyethylene in accordance with AWWA C105.

2.2 FITTINGS

Fittings shall be compatible with the pipe supplied and shall save a strength not less than that of the pipe. Fittings shall conform to the respective specifications and other requirements specified below.

2.2.1 Concrete Pipe

ASTM C 14 for pipe 600 mm (24 inches) or less in diameter. ASTM C 76 for pipe greater than 600 mm (24 inches) in diameter.

2.2.2 Plastic Pipe

ABS and PVC composite sewer pipe fittings shall conform to ASTM D 26890.

2.2.2.1. ABS Pipe

ASTM D 2751

2.2.2.2 PVC Pipe

ASTM D 3034 for type PSM pipe. ASTM F 949 for corrugated sewer pipe with smooth interior and fittings of 100 mm (4 inches), 150 mm (6 inches), 200 mm (8 inches), 250 mm(10 inches) in diameter. UBPPA UNI-B-9 and ASTM F 794, Series 46, for ribbed sewer pipe with smooth interior.

ASTM F 894

2.2.3 Ductile Iron Pipe

Mechanical fittings shall conform to AWWA C110, rated for 1.03 Mpa (150 psi). Push-on fittings shall conform to AWWA C110 and AWWA C111, rated for 1.03 Mpa (150 psi).

2.2.4 Cast Iron Pipe

ASTM A 74

2.3 JOINTS

Joints installation shall comply with the manufacturer’s instructions. Fittings and gaskets utilized for waste drains or industrial waste lines shall be certified by the manufacturer as oil or acid resistant.

2.3.1 Concrete Pipe

Joints and gaskets shall conform to ASTM C443

2.3.2 PVC Pipe

2.3.2.1 ABS Pipe

ASTM D 2751, solvent weld or bell and spigot O-ring joint, size 300 mm (12 inches) or less in diameter, dimensions and tolerances in accordance with Table 2 therein.

2.3.2.2 PVC Pipe

Flexible elastomeric gasket joint conforming to ASTM D 3212 for Type PSM Pipe

2.3.3 Ductile Iron Pipe

Push-on joints shall conform to AWWA C111. Mechanical joints shall conform to AWWA C111 as modified by AWWA C151. Flanged joints shall conform to AWWA C115

2.3.4 Cast Iron Pipe

Rubber gaskets for compression joints shall conform to ASTM C 564. Packing material for caulked joints shall be twisted jute or oakum, tarred type, or asphalt-saturated cellulose fiber. Joints for acid resisting cast iron soil pipe shall be made with acid resistant non-asbestos packing. The packing shall contain no material which would affect adhesion of the joint sealing material to the pipe. Lead shall conform to FS QQ-C-40.

2.4 BRANCH CONNECTIONS

Branch connections shall be made by use of regular fittings or solvent cemented saddles as approved. Saddles for ABS and PVC composite pipe shall conform to Figure 2 of ASTM D 2680; saddles for ABS pipe shall comply with Table 3 of ASTM d 2751; and saddles for PVC pipe shall conform to Table 4 of ASTM 3034.

2.5 FRAMES AND COVERS

Frames and covers shall be cast iron, ductile iron or reinforced concrete. Cast Iron frames and covers shall be as indicated on shall conform to FS RR-F-621, type as suitable for the application, circular, without vent holes. The frames and covers shall have a combined weight of not less than 180 kg. (400 pounds). Reinforced concrete frames and covers shall be as indicated. The word “sewer” shall be stamped or cast into covers so that it is plainly visible.

2.6 STEEL LADDER

A steel ladder shall be provided where the depth of a manhole exceeds 3.7 m (12 feet). The ladder shall not be less than 407 mm (16 inches) in width, with 19 mm (3/4 inch) diameter rungs spaced 305 mm (12 inches) apart. The two stringers shall be a minimum of 16 mm (3/8 inch) thick and 50 mm (2 inches) wide. Ladders and inserts shall be galvanized after fabrication in conformance with ASTM a 123.

2.7 CEMENT MORTAR

Cement mortar shall conform to ASTM C 270, Type M with Type II cement.

2.7.1 Portland Cement

Portland cement shall conform to ASTM< C 150, Type (II) (V) for concrete used in concrete pipe, concrete pipe fittings and manholes and with type optional with contractor for cement used in concrete cradle, concrete encasement and thrust blocking. (air entraining admixture conforming to ASTM C 260 shall be used with Type V cement. Where aggregates are alkali reactive, as determined by Appendix XI of ASTM C 33, a cement containing less than 0.60 percent alkalis shall be used.

2.7.2 Portland Cement Concrete

Portland cement concrete shall conform to ASTM C 94, compressive strength of 27.6 Mpa (4000 psi) at 28 days, except for concrete cradle and encasement or concrete blocks for manholes. Concrete used for cradle and encasement shall have a compressive strength of 17.2 Mpa (2500 psi) minimum at 28 days. Concrete in place shall be protected from freezing and moisture loss for 7 days.

2.8 STRUCTURES

2.8.1 Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections

Precast reinforced concrete manhole sections shall conform to ASTM C 478, except that Portland cement shall be as specified herein. Joints shall be cement mortar, or an approved mastic or rubber gasket, or an approved combination of these types.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

3.1.1 Adjacent Facilities

Where the location of the sewer is not clearly defined by dimensions on the drawings, the sewer shall not be closer horizontally than 3 m (10 feet) to a water supply main or service line, except that where the bottom of the water pipe will be at least 300 m (12 inches) above the top of the sewer pipe, the horizontal spacing may be a minimum of 2 m (6 feet). Where gravity flow sewers cross above water lines, the sewer pipe for a distance of 3 m (10 feet) on each side of the crossing shall be fully encased in concrete or shall be acceptable pressure pipe with no joint closer horizontally than 1 m (3 feet) to the crossing, The thickness of the concrete encasement including that at the pipe joints shall be non less than 100 mm (4 inches).

3.1.1.2 Roads, Railroads and Airfields

Water p[ipe shall be encased in a sleeve of rigid conduit for the lengths shown. Sleeves under railroads under railroads shall be in accordance with the servicing railroad company requirements. Where sleeves are require, in all other cases, the pipe sleeve shall be as required by the authority having jurisdiction. A minimum clearance of at least 50 mm (2 inches) between the inner wall of the sleeve and the maximum outside diameter of the sleeved pipe and joints shall be provided. Sand bedding shall be provided for the water pipe through the sleeve. Sleeves of ferrous material shall be provided with the corrosion protection as required for the conditions encountered at the site of installation.

3.1.1.3 Structures

Where sewer pipe is to be installed within 1 m (3 feet) of an existing or proposed building or structural foundation, the sewer pipe shall be sleeved as specified above. Care shall be exercised and proper precautions taken during installation of the sewer pipe and sleeve to assure that there will be no damage to such structures and no settlement of movement of foundations or footing.

3.1.2 Pipe Laying

a. Pipe shall be protected during handling against impact shocks and free fall.

b. Pipe laying shall proceed upgrade with the spigot ends of the bell and spigot pipe and tongue ends of tongue and groove pipe pointing in the direction of the flow. Each pipe shall be laid accurately to the line and grade shown on the drawings. Pipe shall be laid and cemented so that the sewer has a uniform invert. As the work progresses, the interior of the sewer shall be cleared of all superfluous materials.

c. Before making pipe joints, all surfaces of the portions of the pipe to be joined shall be clean and dry. Lubricants, primers and adhesives shall be used as recommended by the pipe manufacturer. The joints shall then be placed, fitted, joined and adjusted to obtain the degree of water tightness required.

d. ABS composite ends with exposed truss and filler material shall be coated with solvent weld material before making the joint to prevent water or air passage at the joint between the inner and the outer wall of the pipe.

e. Installation of solvent weld joint pipe, using ABS or PVC pipe and fittings shall be in accordance with ASTM F 402. All required precautions shall be taken to assure adequate trench ventilation and protection for workers installing the pipe.

3.1.2.1 Caulked Joints

The packing material shall be well packed into the annular space to prevent the entrance of lead into the pipe. The remainder of the space shall be filled with molten lead that is not enough to show a rapid change in color when stirred. Scum shall be removed before pouring. The lead shall be caulked to form a tight joint without overstraining the bell and shall have a minimum depth of 25 mm (1 inch) after caulking.

3.1.2.2 Trenches

Trenches shall be kept free of water and as dry as possible during the bedding , laying and jointing, and for as long a period as required. When work is not in progress, open ends of pipe and fittings shall be satisfactorily closed so that no trench water or other material will enter the pipe or fittings.

3.1.2.3 Backfill

AS soon as possible after the joint is made, sufficient backfill material shall be placed along the pipe to prevent movement off line or grade. Plastic pipe shall be completely covered to prevent damage from ultraviolet light.

3.1.2.4 Width of Trench

If the maximum width of the trench at the top of the pipe, as specified in Section 02222 EXCAVATION, TRENCHING AND BACKFILLING FOR UTILITIES SYSTEMS, is exceeded for any reason other than by direction, the Contractor shall install, at no additional cost to the Government, such concrete cradling, pipe encasement or other bedding required to support the added load of backfill.

3.1.2.5 Joints

Joints between different pipe materials shall be made as specified, using approved jointing materials.

3.1.3 Leakage Tests

Lines shall be tested for leakage by appropriate methods. Visible leaks encountered shall be corrected regardless of leakage test results. Leakage as measured by either the infiltration test or exfiltration test shall not exceed (50 mL per 5 mm diameter per 100 meters of pipeline per hour) (0.2 gallons per inch diameter per 100 feet of pipeline per hour). When leakage exceeds the maximum amount specified, satisfactory correction shall be made and retesting shall be accomplished. Testing, correction and retesting shall be made at no additional cost to the Government.

3.1.4 Deflection

Install pipe showing deflections greater than 5 percent at the end of one year following acceptance shall be replaced at no cost to the Government.

3.2 CONCRETE CRADLE AND ENCASEMENT

The pipe shall be supported on a concrete cradle or encased in concrete where indicated or directed.

3.3 WYE BRANCHES

Wye branches shall be installed where sewer connections are indicated or where directed. Cutting into piping for connections shall not be done except in special approved cases. The installation of wye branches in an existing sewer shall be made by a method which does not damage the integrity of the existing sewer.

3.4 MANHOLES

3.4.1 General

Manholes shall be constructed as indicated. The invert channels shall be smooth and semicircular in shape conforming to the inside of the adjacent sewer section. Changes in direction of flow shall be made with a smooth curve of as large a radius as the size of the manhole will permit. Changes in size and grade of the channels shall be made gradually and evenly. Pipe connections shall be made in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. The floor of the manhole outside the channels shall be smooth and shall slope toward the channels. The ladder shall be adequately anchored to the wall by means of steel inserts spaced not more than 1.8 m (6 feet) apart vertically and shall be installed to provide at least 150 mm (6 inches) of space between the wall and the rungs. The wall along the line of the ladder shall be vertical for its entire length.

3.4.2 Jointing and Plastering

Mortar joints shall be completely filled and shall be smooth and free from surplus mortar on the inside of the manhole. Mortar and mastic joints between precast rings shall be full-bedded in jointing compound and shall be smoothed to a uniform surface on both the interior and exterior of the manhole. Installation of rubber gasket joints between precast rings shall be in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer.

3.4.3 Frames and Covers

Unless otherwise indicated, tops of frames and covers shall be set flush with finished grade in paved areas or 50 mm (2 inches) higher than finished grade in unpaved areas.

3.4.4 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT: All measurements shall be units as identified in the appropriate SLINS in the Unit Price Schedule. Measurements for preparing payments shall be taken jointly with the Government Representative.

Payment for these items shall constitute full compensation for completed work including all labor and incidentals necessary to accomplish the work required by this section of the specifications.

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