Attachment3-ALDOT-2012StandardSpecs.pdf

ALABAMA

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS

FOR HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION

2012 EDITION

FOREWORD

This book has been prepared to provide a compilation of Standard Specifications for insertion by reference into Alabama Department of Transportation construction contracts.

U.S. Customary and Metric (SI) units of measurement are shown in this 2012 edition. Metric units of measurement are shown by the corresponding U.S. Customary units and are enclosed in braces { }. The units of measurement, either U.S.

Customary or Metric, that are applicable to a construction project shall be those that are shown on the plans or in other contract documents.

The requirements given in these Specifications may be revised or amended by Supplemental Specifications and Special Provisions that are applicable to a specific contract.

Copies of this Standard Specifications book may be purchased from:

Alabama Department of Transportation Office Engineer Assistant Bureau Chief, Plans and Proposals 1409 Coliseum Boulevard Montgomery, Alabama 36130-3050

Book Number ____________________________

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 100 GENERAL PROVISIONS

SECTION 101 DEFINITION OF TERMS

SECTION 102 PROPOSAL REQUIREMENTS AND CONDITIONS

SECTION 103 AWARD AND EXECUTION OF CONTRACT

SECTION 104 SCOPE OF WORK

SECTION 105 CONTROL OF WORK

SECTION 106 CONTROL OF MATERIALS

SECTION 107 LEGAL RELATIONS AND RESPONSIBILITY TO PUBLIC

SECTION 108 PROSECUTION AND PROGRESS

SECTION 109 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

SECTION 110 CLAIMS

SECTION 111 DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS ENTERPRISE (DBE)

DIVISION 200 EARTHWORK

SECTION 201 CLEARING AND GRUBBING

SECTION 204 CLOSING WATER WELLS

SECTION 205 REMOVAL AND RELOCATION OF STRUCTURES

SECTION 206 REMOVAL OF MISCELLANEOUS EXISTING DRAINAGE AND OTHER FACILITIES

SECTION 208 REMOVAL AND REINTERMENT OF GRAVES

SECTION 209 MAILBOX RESET

SECTION 210 EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT

SECTION 212 MACHINE GRADING SHOULDERS

SECTION 214 STRUCTURE EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL FOR DRAINAGE AND MINOR STRUCTURES

SECTION 215 EXCAVATION FOR BRIDGES

SECTION 217 SPECIAL PROTECTION FOR ROCK SLOPES

SECTION 219 LANDSLIDE CORRECTIONS

SECTION 224 TREATMENT OF LIME SINKS

SECTION 230 ROADBED PROCESSING

SECTION 231 STABILIZED ROADBED

SECTION 232 LIME STABILIZED ROADBED

SECTION 235 DETOUR BRIDGES

SECTION 243 GEOSYNTHETICS FOR SLOPE AND SOFT SOIL REINFORCEMENT

SECTION 250 REMOVAL OF UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS AND CONTAMINATED SOIL

SECTION 260 CEMENT MORTAR FLOWABLE BACKFILL

DIVISION 300 BASES

SECTION 301 SOIL, SOIL AGGREGATE, AND AGGREGATE, BASE AND SUBBASES

SECTION 305 SOIL AND AGGREGATE MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS USE

SECTION 306 DENSITY REQUIREMENTS FOR COMPACTION

SECTION 315 DRAINAGE PLANE LAYER

SECTION 327 PLANT MIX BITUMINOUS BASE AND PATB

DIVISION 400 SURFACING AND PAVEMENTS

SECTION 401 BITUMINOUS SURFACE TREATMENTS

SECTION 402 SLURRY SEAL COAT

SECTION 405 TACK COAT

SECTION 407 JOINT SEALANT FOR HMA PAVEMENT

SECTION 408 PLANING (MILLING) OF EXISTING PAVEMENT

SECTION 410 ASPHALT PAVEMENTS

SECTION 420 POLYMER MODIFIED OPEN GRADED FRICTION COURSE

SECTION 423 STONE MATRIX ASPHALT (SMA)(FIBER STABILIZED ASPHALT CONCRETE)

SECTION 424 SUPERPAVE BITUMINOUS CONCRETE BASE, BINDER, AND WEARING SURFACE LAYERS ... 203

SECTION 428 SCORING BITUMINOUS PAVEMENT SURFACE

SECTION 430 SOIL OR AGGREGATE TYPE SURFACE

SECTION 450 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT

SECTION 452 SLABJACKING OF PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT

SECTION 453 PRESSURE GROUTING AND REPAIR OF PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT

SECTION 454 CLEANING AND SEALING JOINTS AND CRACKS IN CONCRETE PAVEMENT

SECTION 455 GRINDING CONCRETE PAVEMENT SURFACES

DIVISION 500 STRUCTURES

SECTION 501 STRUCTURAL PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE

SECTION 502 STEEL REINFORCEMENT

SECTION 503 STRUCTURE FOUNDATIONS

SECTION 504 STEEL PILING ENCASEMENT

SECTION 505 PILING

SECTION 506 DRILLED SHAFT CONSTRUCTION

SECTION 507 ABUTMENT AND BULKHEAD ANCHORS

SECTION 508 STRUCTURAL STEEL AND MISCELLANEOUS METALS

SECTION 509 UNTREATED AND TREATED TIMBER

SECTION 510 BRIDGES

SECTION 511 ELASTOMERIC BEARINGS

SECTION 512 PRECAST NON-PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGE MEMBERS

SECTION 513 PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGE MEMBERS

SECTION 515 WATERPROOFING AND DAMPPROOFING

SECTION 517 BRIDGE AND SIDEWALK HANDRAIL

SECTION 520 REPAIR OR RAISING EXISTING BRIDGES

SECTION 521 STEEL BRIDGE COATING

SECTION 522 BRIDGE JOINT SEALS

SECTION 524 REINFORCED CONCRETE BOX CULVERTS

SECTION 529 RETAINING WALL

SECTION 530 ROADWAY PIPE CULVERTS

SECTION 531 CORRUGATED METAL STRUCTURAL PLATE PIPE, ARCH PIPE, AND ARCH CULVERTS

SECTION 532 SLOTTED DRAINS

SECTION 533 STORM SEWERS

SECTION 534 CLEANING EXISTING DRAINAGE STRUCTURES

SECTION 535 SIDE DRAIN PIPE

SECTION 536 RELAID PIPE

SECTION 539 TRENCH DRAINS

DIVISION 600 INCIDENTALS

SECTION 600 MOBILIZATION

SECTION 601 FIELD LABORATORIES

SECTION 602 RIGHT OF WAY AND LAND SURVEY MARKERS

SECTION 603 ENGINEER'S FIELD OFFICE

SECTION 604 GEOTEXTILES IN PERMEABLE ASPHALT TREATED BASE APPLICATION

SECTION 605 PAVEMENT AND SPECIAL UNDERDRAIN

SECTION 606 PIPE UNDERDRAIN

SECTION 607 PAVING GEOTEXTILES

SECTION 608 GEOTEXTILES IN SEPARATION APPLICATIONS

SECTION 609 AGGREGATE SLOPE PROTECTION

SECTION 610 RIPRAP

SECTION 611 MORTAR FOR MASONRY

SECTION 612 RUBBLE MASONRY

SECTION 613 BRICK AND CONCRETE BLOCK MASONRY

SECTION 614 SLOPE PAVING

SECTION 615 GROUTED RUBBLE SLOPE DRAIN

SECTION 616 SOIL CEMENT FLUMES

SECTION 617 BITUMINOUS TREATED GLASS FIBER FLUMES

SECTION 618 CONCRETE SIDEWALKS AND DRIVEWAYS

SECTION 619 PIPE CULVERT END TREATMENTS

SECTION 620 MINOR STRUCTURE CONCRETE

SECTION 621 INLETS, JUNCTION BOXES, MANHOLES, AND MISCELLANEOUS DRAINAGE STRUCTURES .. 406

SECTION 622 RESETTING GRATINGS AND COVERS FOR CATCH BASINS, INLETS, AND MANHOLES

SECTION 623 CURB, GUTTER, AND COMBINATION CURB AND GUTTER

SECTION 626 CONCRETE MEDIAN STRIP

SECTION 629 CONCRETE MEDIAN AND SAFETY BARRIER

SECTION 630 GUARDRAIL AND BARRIER RAIL

SECTION 631 GUARDRAIL OR BARRIER RAIL RESET

SECTION 632 HEADLIGHT GLARE SCREEN

SECTION 634 CHAIN LINK INDUSTRIAL FENCE

SECTION 635 WOVEN WIRE FENCE

SECTION 636 BARBED WIRE FENCE

SECTION 637 FENCE RESET

SECTION 640 MINOR UTILITY ADJUSTMENTS

SECTION 641 WATER LINE

SECTION 645 SANITARY SEWERS

SECTION 646 NATURAL GAS LINE

SECTION 649 ENCASEMENT PIPE FOR UTILITIES

SECTION 650 TOPSOIL

SECTION 652 GROUND PREPARATION, VEGETATION ESTABLISHMENT AND MOWING

SECTION 654 SOLID SODDING

SECTION 656 MULCHING FOR VEGETATION ESTABLISHMENT

SECTION 659 ROLLED AND HYDRAULIC EROSION CONTROL PRODUCTS

SECTION 660 VINES, SHRUBS AND TREE PLANTING

SECTION 661 TRANSPLANTING TREES, SHRUBS AND VINES

SECTION 663 TREE WELLS AND TREE ROOT PROTECTION

SECTION 665 TEMPORARY SOIL EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL

SECTION 666 PEST CONTROL

SECTION 668 PRE-EMERGENT HERBICIDE TREATMENT

SECTION 669 POST-EMERGENT HERBICIDE TREATMENT

SECTION 674 CONSTRUCTION SAFETY FENCE

SECTION 680 GEOMETRIC CONTROLS

SECTION 698 CONSTRUCTION FUEL COST

DIVISION 700 TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES AND HIGHWAY LIGHTING

SECTION 701 TRAFFIC STRIPE

SECTION 703 TRAFFIC CONTROL MARKINGS AND LEGENDS

SECTION 705 PAVEMENT MARKERS

SECTION 707 DELINEATORS AND HAZARD MARKERS

SECTION 708 OBJECT SAFETY MARKINGS

SECTION 709 MILE {KILOMETER} POSTS

SECTION 710 ROADWAY SIGNS

SECTION 711 ROADWAY SIGN RELOCATION AND RENOVATION

SECTION 713 PERMANENT BARRICADE

SECTION 715 OVERHEAD ROADWAY SIGN STRUCTURES

SECTION 717 OVERHEAD ROADWAY SIGN STRUCTURE RENOVATION AND RELOCATION

SECTION 718 STRUCTURES FOR TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES AND HIGHWAY LIGHTING

SECTION 720 VEHICULAR IMPACT ATTENUATOR ASSEMBLY

SECTION 726 PORTABLE CONCRETE SAFETY BARRIERS AND IMPACT ATTENUATORS

SECTION 728 TRUCK MOUNTED IMPACT ATTENUATOR

SECTION 730 TRAFFIC SIGNALS

SECTION 731 TRAFFIC COUNTING EQUIPMENT

SECTION 740 TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES FOR CONSTRUCTION WORK ZONES

SECTION 741 PORTABLE SEQUENTIAL ARROW AND CHEVRON SIGN UNIT

SECTION 742 PORTABLE CHANGEABLE MESSAGE SIGNS

SECTION 745 UNIFORMED POLICE OFFICERS

SECTION 750 ROADWAY LIGHTING

SECTION 756 ELECTRICAL CONDUITS UNDER ROADWAYS

DIVISION 800 MATERIALS

SECTION 800 MATERIALS

SECTION 801 COARSE AGGREGATE

SECTION 802 FINE AGGREGATES

SECTION 804 ASPHALT MATERIALS

SECTION 805 MINERAL FILLER, HYDRATED LIME,CALCIUM CHLORIDE, BRICK, AND BLOCKS

SECTION 806 MINERAL ADMIXTURES

SECTION 807 WATER

SECTION 808 AIR ENTRAINING ADDITIVES

SECTION 809 CHEMICAL ADMIXTURES FOR CONCRETE

SECTION 810 GEOTEXTILES

SECTION 811 POLYMER ADDITIVES FOR ASPHALT MATERIALS

SECTION 812 MASONRY STONE

SECTION 814 RIPRAP MATERIALS

SECTION 815 CEMENT

SECTION 816 TIMBER PRESERVATIVES

SECTION 817 LIME FOR ROADBED AND BASE STABILIZATION

SECTION 820 SELECTED MATERIALS FOR BASES

SECTION 821 GRANULAR SOIL MATERIALS

SECTION 822 DRAINAGE PLANE MATERIALS

SECTION 823 SOIL AGGREGATE MATERIALS

SECTION 824 PROCESSED REEF SHELL BASE MATERIALS

SECTION 825 CRUSHED AGGREGATE BASE MATERIALS

SECTION 826 LOCAL SAND AND SAND-GRAVEL FOR MISCELLANEOUS CONSTRUCTION USE

SECTION 827 PROCESSED REEF SHELL

SECTION 830 CONCRETE CURING MATERIALS

SECTION 831 PRECAST CONCRETE PRODUCTS

SECTION 832 CONCRETE JOINT FILLERS, JOINT AND CRACKSEALANTS, AND WATERSTOP MATERIALS . 589

SECTION 833 LUMBER AND TIMBER - UNTREATED AND TREATED

SECTION 834 PILING MATERIALS

SECTION 835 STEEL REINFORCEMENT

SECTION 836 STRUCTURAL STEEL, FASTENERS AND MISCELLANEOUS METALS

SECTION 837 ELASTOMERIC BEARING MATERIALS

SECTION 841 STRUCTURAL PLATE FOR PIPE, PIPE-ARCHES AND ARCHES

SECTION 846 PIPE CULVERT JOINT SEALERS

SECTION 850 ROADWAY PIPE

SECTION 851 SIDE DRAIN PIPE

SECTION 852 UNDERDRAIN PIPE MATERIALS

SECTION 853 SANITARY SEWER PIPE, MANHOLES, AND APPURTENANCES

SECTION 854 STORM SEWER PIPE

SECTION 855 COATINGS, PAINTS, ENAMELS, AND VARNISHES FOR METAL AND WOOD STRUCTURES ... 626

SECTION 856 TRAFFIC MARKING MATERIALS

SECTION 857 TEMPORARY TRAFFIC MARKING MATERIALS

SECTION 860 ROADSIDE IMPROVEMENT MATERIALS

SECTION 861 GAS PIPE, VALVES, AND APPURTENANCES

SECTION 862 UTILITY ENCASEMENT PIPE

SECTION 863 WATER PIPE, FIRE HYDRANTS, VALVES, AND APPURTENANCES

SECTION 864 GUARDRAIL AND BARRIER RAIL MATERIALS

SECTION 870 ADHESIVES

SECTION 871 FENCING MATERIALS

SECTION 880 SIGN MATERIALS

SECTION 881 DELINEATORS AND HAZARD MARKERS

SECTION 882 PAVEMENT MARKERS

SECTION 885 SIGN LIGHTING MATERIALS AND SERVICES

SECTION 889 ROADWAY LIGHTING MATERIALS

SECTION 890 TRAFFIC SIGNAL EQUIPMENT

SECTION 891 STRUCTURAL MATERIALS FOR TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES AND HIGHWAY LIGHTING

SECTION 101

DEFINITION OF TERMS

DIVISION 100

GENERAL PROVISIONS

SECTION 101

DEFINITION OF TERMS

101.01 Definitions.

Wherever the following terms or abbreviations (or pronouns in place of them) are used in these Specifications or in other contract documents, the intent and meaning shall be interpreted as follows:

(a) ABBREVIATIONS.

AAN American Association of Nurserymen AAR Association of American Railroads AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ADEM Alabama Department of Environmental Management AGC The Associated General Contractors of America, Inc.

AIA American Institute of Architects ALDOT Alabama Department of Transportation ANSI American National Standards Institute ARA American Railway Association ARBA The American Road Builder's Association AREA American Railway Engineering Association ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASLA American Society of Landscape Architects ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials AWPA American Wood Preservers' Association AWS American Welding Society AWWA American Water Works Association FHWA Federal Highway Administration FSS Federal Specifications and Standards, General Services Administration IMSA International Municipal Signal Association, Inc.

ITE Institute of Transportation Engineers LVD Laboratory Vibrated Density MUTCD Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways NEC National Electrical Code NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers' Association SAE Society of Automotive Engineers UL Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc.

(b) TERMS.

Acceptance Plan. A prescribed method of sampling, measuring and testing together with criteria for the acceptability of a lot of material or construction.

Additive. A substance or agent added in small amounts to a basic ingredient of a mixture prior to mixing.

Advertisement For Bids or Notice to Contractors. A public announcement inviting bids for work to be performed or materials to be furnished, as required by law.

Article. An immediate subheading of a section of these Specifications consisting of Subarticles, Items, Subitems and/or paragraphs which set forth details and requirements essential or necessary to form the Specifications. Specifications are divided into Divisions, Divisions into Sections, Sections into Articles, Articles into Subarticles, Items, Subitems and paragraphs.

Award. The acceptance by the Director of the proposal of the lowest responsible bidder, as required by law.

Backfill. Material used to replace or the act of replacing material removed during construction; also may denote material placed or the act of placing material adjacent to structures.

Back Slope. The sloping surface of a cut, of which the downward inclination is toward the roadbed.

Base. The layer or layers of specified materials of designed thickness placed on a subbase or a subgrade to support a pavement or surface.

Bidder. An individual, firm, partnership, corporation or any acceptable combination thereof submitting a bid for the advertised work.

Binder Layer. The lower layer of the surface, consisting of a plant mix of graded aggregate and bituminous material.

Bituminous Concrete. A designed combination of dense graded mineral aggregate filler and bituminous cement mixed in a central plant, laid and compacted while hot.

Borrow. Suitable material from sources outside the roadway prism, used primarily for embankments.

Bridge. A structure, including supports, erected over a depression or an obstruction, such as water, highway, or railway, and having a track or passageway for carrying traffic or other moving loads, and having an opening measured along the center of the roadway of more than 20 feet {6.1 m} between undercopings of abutments or spring lines of arches, or extreme ends of openings for multiple boxes; it may also include multiple pipes, where the clear distance between openings is less than half of the smaller contiguous opening.

Bridge Engineer. The representative of the Chief Engineer of the Department that is responsible for the supervision of the structural design and analysis of all of the Department's transportation related structures.

Bridge Length. The length of a bridge structure is the over-all length measured along the line of survey stationing back to back of backwalls of abutments, if present; otherwise, end to end of the bridge floor; but in no case less than the total clear opening of the structure.

Bridge Roadway Width. The clear width measured at right angles to the longitudinal centerline of the bridge between the bottom of curbs or guard timber risers.

Bypass. An arterial highway that permits traffic to avoid part or all of an urban area.

Calendar Day. Every day shown on the calendar, beginning and ending at midnight, Sundays and holidays included.

Construction Change and/or Work Order Request. A written document between the Department and the FHWA covering proposed project changes.

Construction Joint. A joint made necessary by a prolonged interruption in the placing of concrete.

Construction Engineer. The representative of the Chief Engineer of the Department that is responsible for the general administration of the Department's contract construction work.

Contract. The written agreement between the State of Alabama and the Contractor setting forth the obligations of the parties hereunder for the performance of the prescribed work.

The Contract includes the proposal, contract forms and contract bonds, specifications, supplemental specifications, special provisions, general and detailed plans, and notice to proceed, also any change orders and supplemental agreements that are required to complete the construction of the work in an acceptable manner, including authorized extensions thereof, and such other documents as by law or references are made a part thereof, all of which constitute one instrument.

Contract Bid Price. The sum total of the products of the approximate quantities of the items of the work listed in the proposal and the respective unit prices bid in the proposal.

Contract Bonds. The approved bonds furnished and executed by the Contractor and his surety to guarantee completion of the contract in accordance with its terms.

Contract Item. (Pay Item). A specifically described unit of work for which a price is provided in the contract. Each pay item is numbered and is paid for under the terms of the specification section of the same number.

Contract Payment Bond. The bond furnished by the Contractor and his surety to guarantee payment of the debts covered by the bond.

Contract Performance Bond. The bond furnished by the Contractor and his surety to guarantee performance of the work in accordance with the contract.

Contract Period or Contract Time. The number of work days or calendar days allowed for completion of the contract, including authorized time extensions.

In a case where a calendar date of completion is shown in the proposal, in lieu of the number of working or calendar days, such work contemplated shall be completed by that date.

Contract Sum or Contract Amount. The total contract bid price, revised to include changes caused by overruns and underruns in contract items, plus the sum of all approved supplemental agreements and force account orders.

Contraction Joint. A joint at the ends of a rigid slab to control the location of transverse cracking.

Contractor. The individual, partnership, firm, corporation, or any acceptable combination thereof contracting with the State for performance of prescribed work.

Controlling Item(s). The current controlling item(s) or operation(s) includes any feature of the work considered at the time by the Engineer as essential to the orderly completion of the work and which, if delayed, will delay the time of completion of the contract.

County. The county or counties of Alabama in which work herein specified is to be performed.

Culvert. Any structure not classified as a bridge which provides an opening under the roadway.

Dense Graded Aggregate. A well-graded aggregate so proportioned as to contain a relatively small percentage of voids.

Department. Alabama Department of Transportation, as constituted under the laws of Alabama for administration of highway work.

Detour. A route provided for traffic to use in lieu of a regular route.

Director. The chief executive officer of the Alabama Department of Transportation as created by law, also referred to herein as Transportation Director.

Divided Highway. A highway with separated roadways for travel in opposite directions.

Division. Subdivision of the Alabama Department of Transportation for supervision of construction and maintenance operations. There are nine construction divisions within the State.

Division Engineer. The Engineer in charge of a designated division of the State.

Dowel. A load transfer element usually consisting of a plain round steel bar.

Drainage Plane. A plane for internal drainage of the roadbed, usually formed by a layer of water-permeable material.

Easement. A right to use or control the property of another for designated purposes.

Embankment. A structure of soil, soil-aggregate or broken rock between the embankment foundation and the subgrade.

Embankment Foundation. The material below the original ground surface the physical characteristics of which affect the support of the embankment.

Employee. Any person working on the project to which these specifications apply, and who is under the direction or control of, or receives compensation from, the Contractor or Subcontractor.

Engineer. The Chief Engineer of the Department, acting directly or through his duly authorized assistants or representatives, who is responsible for engineering supervision of the construction.

Equipment. All machinery and equipment, together with the necessary supplies for operation and upkeep, maintenance, and protection, and also tools and apparatus necessary for the proper construction and acceptable completion of the work.

Existing. The physical status as of the date of the invitation for bids of any structure, base, surface, subgrade, road, bridge, detour, or other unit affected by a particular project or designated highway.

Expansion Joint. A joint located to provide for expansion of a rigid slab, without damage to itself, adjacent slabs, or structures.

Extra Work. An item of work not provided for in the contract as awarded but found essential to the satisfactory completion of the contract within its intended scope.

Extra Work Order. A change order concerning the performance of work or furnishing of materials involving extra work. Such extra work may be performed at agreed prices or on a force account basis as provided elsewhere in these specifications.

Faulting. Differential vertical displacement of rigid slabs at a joint or crack.

Flagman. An individual with a flag, lantern, or other approved signaling device, whose duty is to signal vehicular traffic to: (1) come to a stop, (2) alter its speed and/or course, or (3) receive other instructions with reference to highway routes and their condition.

Flexible Pavement. A pavement structure which maintains intimate contact with and distributes loads to the subgrade and depends upon aggregate interlock, particle friction, and cohesion for stability.

Force Account Work. Work paid for by reimbursing for the actual costs for labor, materials, and equipment usage incurred in the performance of the work, as directed, including a percentage for overhead and profit, where appropriate.

Frontage Road. A local street or road auxiliary to and located generally on the side of an arterial highway, for service to abutting property and adjacent areas and for control of access to the highway.

Front Slope. The sloping surface of an embankment or roadway side ditch of which the downward inclination is away from the roadbed.

Grade Separation. A structure, with its approaches, which provides for highway traffic to pass without interruption over or under a railway, street, or another highway.

Highway, Street or Road. A general term denoting a public way for purpose of vehicular travel, including the entire area within the right of way.

Holiday. See "Legal Holiday".

In Place. A term to denote that the unit price covers compensation for the item complete in place including all costs incidental to procurement, handling, hauling, and processing the item (including water) as required. The item will be measured and paid for in the manner provided in applicable sections of these specifications.

Inspector. The Engineer's authorized representative assigned to make detailed inspection of contract performance.

Interchange. A system of interconnecting roadways, in conjunction with one or more grade separations, providing for the movement of traffic between two or more roadways on different levels.

Intersection. The general area where two or more highways join or cross, within which are included the roadway and roadside facilities for traffic movements in that area.

Joint. A designed vertical plane of separation or weakness.

Laboratory. The testing laboratory of the Department or any other testing laboratory which may be designated by the Engineer.

Legal Holiday. Holidays which will be allowed in computing Contractor's time charges on a working day basis will be limited to the following days: Sundays, New Year's Day, Robert E. Lee's/ Martin Luther King's Birthday (the third Monday in January), George Washington's/ Thomas Jefferson's Birthday (the third Monday in February), Mardi Gras Day (Mobile and Baldwin Counties only), Confederate Memorial Day, National Memorial Day, Jefferson Davis' Birthday, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day/ Fraternal Day (the second Monday in October), Veterans' Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. All dates for legal holidays will be as prescribed by Alabama Act 250 of 1991. Dates for combined holidays are shown herein.

Leveling Course. The layer of material placed on an existing surface to eliminate irregularities prior to placing an overlaying course.

Load Transfer Device. A mechanical means designed to carry loads across a joint.

Local Road or Street. A street or road primarily for access to residence, business, or other abutting property.

Longitudinal Joint. A joint normally placed between traffic lanes to control longitudinal cracking.

Lot. A uniquely defined quantity of material from a single source, or homogeneous segment of construction, on which decision is made for acceptance.

Major Highway. An arterial highway with intersections at grade and direct access to abutting property, and on which geometric design and traffic control measures are used to expedite the safe movement of through traffic.

Major Item. Any item having an original contract value in excess of 10 percent of the total contract bid price.

Major Street. An arterial highway with intersections at grade and direct access to abutting property, and on which geometric design and traffic control measures are used to expedite the safe movement of through traffic.

Materials. Any substances specified for use in the construction of the project and its appurtenances.

Materials and Tests Engineer. The representative of the Chief Engineer of the Department that is responsible for the selection and control of all materials used in the construction the Department's transportation structures.

Material Vendor. A corporation, firm or individual who sells or rents supplies, equipment, or materials to a Contractor or Subcontractor or whose materials are prepared away from the construction premises and are delivered in final form to the construction site; such delivery being merely incidental to the sale. Material vendor must be a separate legal entity with independent investment in facilities and equipment and an independent business organization and operation, exercising a prerequisite degree of independent initiative, judgment, and foresight. A corporation, firm or individual which establishes a temporary plant or facility of any kind on or near a project for the purpose of furnishing material for that project only will not be considered a "material vendor" but will be considered a "Subcontractor" as defined in these specifications.

Median. That portion of a divided highway separating the traveled ways for traffic in opposite directions.

Median Lane. A speed-change lane within the median to accommodate left-turning vehicles.

Navigable Stream. A stream classed by the U.S. Coast Guard and/or the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as navigable.

Notice to Contractors. See "Advertisement for Bids."

Notice to Proceed (Work Order). Written notice to the Contractor informing him of approval of his contract and notifying him to proceed with the contract work, including, when applicable, the date of beginning of contract time.

Original Ground. The ground surface just prior to the initiation of the proposed work.

Parking Lane. An auxiliary lane primarily for the parking of vehicles.

Pavement Structure. The combination of subbase, base, and surface placed on a subgrade to support the traffic load and distribute it to the roadbed.

Pay Item. See "Contract Item".

Plans. The contract drawings, which show the location, character, dimensions, and details of the prescribed work, including layouts, profiles, cross sections, and other details or reproductions thereof.

Prime Coat. An application of a low viscosity liquid bituminous material to coat and bind mineral particles preparatory to placing a base or surface course.

Profile Grade. The trace of a vertical plane intersecting the top surface of the proposed wearing surface, usually along the longitudinal centerline of the roadbed. Profile grade means either elevation or gradient of such trace according to the contract.

Project. The specified section of the highway together with all appurtenances and construction to be performed thereon under the contract.

Project Number. A number assigned for convenience to identify the work covered in a project.

Proposal. The offer of a bidder, on the prescribed form, to perform the stated construction work at the prices quoted.

Proposal Form. The prescribed form on which the offer of a bidder is to be submitted.

Proposal Guaranty. The cashier’s check or bid bond furnished with a bid to assure that the bidder will enter into the contract if his offer is accepted.

Questionnaire. The specified forms on which the Contractor shall furnish required information as to his ability to perform and finance the work.

Ramp. A connecting roadway between two intersecting highways, generally at a highway separation, or a sloping driveway giving access to a highway.

Random Sample. A small part of a lot which is used to represent the whole, so chosen that each portion of the lot has an equal probability of being selected.

Record Plans. Reproductions of plans issued to bidders as noted in Article 105.02.

Recovery Time. Recovery time is defined as the time required, after the controlling item or items of work have been substantially damaged as a result of conditions and causes beyond the control of the Contractor and not due to his negligence or fault, to restore the work to the condition existing prior to such damage so that normal operations can be resumed on the contract pay items. Recovery time shall be the number of days required by the Contractor, working with normal forces, to restore the work as described above.

Reinforcement. Steel embedded in a rigid pavement slab and in concrete structures to resist tensile stresses and detrimental opening of cracks.

Repetition, Avoidance of. See Article 101.01(c).

Reprocessing. The renewal of an existing surface by scarifying, remixing with or without additional material, and relaying.

Resurfacing. The placing of one or more new courses on an existing surface.

Retainage. The Department will not withhold retainage. Retainage is the money belonging to the Contractor which was held by the Department conditioned on final completion and acceptance of all work in connection with a project or projects by the Contractor.

Right of Way. A general term denoting land, property or interest therein, usually in a strip, acquired for or devoted to transportation purposes.

Rigid Pavement. A pavement structure which distributes loads to the subgrade having as one course a Portland cement concrete slab of relatively high bending resistance.

Rigid Slab. A section of Portland cement concrete pavement bounded by joints and edges, designed for continuity of tensile stress.

Road. A general term denoting a public way for purposes of vehicular travel including the entire area within the right of way.

Roadbed. The graded portion of a highway within top and side slopes, prepared as a foundation for the pavement structure and shoulder. The top surface of the roadbed is the subgrade.

Roadbed Material. The material below the subgrade in cuts and embankments, and in embankment foundations extending to such depth as affects the support of the pavement structure.

Roadside. A general term denoting the area adjoining the outer edge of the roadway. Extensive areas between the roadways of a divided highway may also be considered roadside.

Roadside Improvement or Development. Those items necessary to the complete highway which provide for the preservation of landscape materials and features; the rehabilitation and protection against erosion of all areas disturbed by construction through seeding, sodding, mulching and the placing of other ground covers; such suitable planting and other improvements as may increase the effectiveness and enhance the appearance of the highway.

Roadway. The portion of the highway within the limits of construction. A highway may have more than one roadway.

Seal Coat. A thin treatment consisting of bituminous material, usually with cover aggregate, applied to a surface course. The term includes, but is not limited to, sand-seal, chip-seal, slurry seal, contrast seal and fog seal.

Shop Drawings. Fabrication plans for any part of the work including, but not limited to, precast concrete items, structural steel items, or other metal items, and connections thereof, which the Contractor is required to submit to the Engineer.

Sidewalk. That portion of the roadway primarily constructed for the use of pedestrians.

Skew Angle - Skew. The complement of the acute angle between two centerlines which cross; for a structure centerline, skew right means the right side of the structure is ahead; skew left means the left side of the structure is ahead.

Soil Survey. The exploration of the site of the proposed improvements by borings and tests or other methods and the preparations of soil profiles showing the significant layers, bedrock, water table, and other features.

Special Provisions. Additions and revisions to the Standard and Supplemental Specifications applicable to an individual project. Special Provisions shall prevail over Standard Specifications, Supplemental Specifications, and plans.

Specifications. The compilation of provisions and requirements of prescribed work.

Specified Completion Date. The date on which the contract work is specified to be completed.

Speed Change Lane. An auxiliary lane, including tapered areas, primarily for the acceleration or deceleration of vehicles entering or leaving the through traffic lanes.

Stabilization. Modification of soils or aggregates by incorporating materials that will increase load bearing capacity, firmness, and resistance to weathering or displacement.

Standard Drawings. Drawings approved for repetitive use, showing details to be used where appropriate.

Standard Specifications. A book of specifications approved for general application and repetitive use.

State. The State of Alabama, the party of the first part to the contract, acting by and through the Transportation Director.

Station. One hundred feet {one hundred meters} measured horizontally.

Street. A general term denoting a public way for purposes of vehicular travel, including the entire area within the right of way applicable to travel ways in urban areas.

Structures. Bridges, culverts, basins, drop inlets, retaining walls, cribbing, manholes, endwalls, buildings, sewers, service pipes, underdrains, foundation drains and other features which may be encountered in the work and not otherwise classed herein.

Subbase. A layer or layers of specified or selected material or designed thickness placed on a subgrade to support a base or rigid pavement.

Subcontractor. An individual, partnership, firm, corporation or any acceptable combination thereof who has or have, with the written approval of the Department, contracted with the Contractor to execute and perform in his stead any part of the contract, as permitted by Article 108.01 of these Specifications. Material vendors as defined herein are not Subcontractors.

Subgrade. The top surface of the roadbed, upon which the pavement structure and shoulders are constructed.

Subgrade Treatment. Modification of roadbed material by stabilization.

Substructure. All of that part of the structure below the bearings of simple and continuous spans, skewbacks of arches and tops of footings of rigid frames; including backwalls, wingwalls, and wing protection railings.

Superintendent. The Contractor's authorized representative in responsible charge of the work.

Superstructure. All that part of a structure above, and including, the bearings of simple and continuous spans, skewbacks of arches and top of footings of rigid frames; excluding backwalls, wingwalls, and wing protection railings.

Supplemental Agreement. A written agreement with the Contractor covering changes in the plans, specifications, or quantities or any combination thereof, within the scope of the contract and establishing the basis of payment and time adjustments for the work affected by the changes.

Supplemental Specification. Approved additions and revisions to the Standard Specifications.

Surety. The corporation, partnership or individual other than the Contractor executing a bond furnished by the Contractor, licensed under the laws of Alabama.

Surface. One or more layers of a material designed to accommodate the traffic load, the top layer of which resists skidding, traffic abrasion and the disintegrating effects of climate. The top layer is generally called the wearing layer and the lower layer the binder layer.

Surface Treatment. One or more applications of bituminous material and cover aggregate or thin plant mix on an old pavement or any element of a new pavement structure.

Tack Coat. An application of bituminous material to an existing surface to provide bond with a superimposed course.

Temporary Structure. Any structure required to maintain traffic during construction of the work, which will be dismantled if required when the work is completed.

Through Highway. Every highway or portion thereof on which vehicular traffic is given preferential right of way, and at the entrances to which vehicular traffic from intersecting highways is required by law to yield right of way to vehicles on such through highway in obedience to either a stop sign or a yield sign, when such signs are erected.

Through Street. Every street or portion thereof on which vehicular traffic is given preferential right of way, and at the entrances to which vehicular traffic from intersecting streets is required by law to yield right of way to vehicles on such through highway in obedience to either a stop sign or a yield sign, when such signs are erected.

Tie Bar. A deformed steel bar or connector imbedded in the concrete across a joint to prevent separation of abutting slabs.

Traffic Lane. The portion of a traveled way for movement of a single line of vehicles.

Transportation Director. See "Director".

Traveled Way. The portion of the roadway for the movement of vehicles, exclusive of shoulders and auxiliary lanes.

Typical Section. That cross section established by the plans which represents in general the lines to which the Contractor shall work in the execution of his contract.

Work (The Work). Work shall mean the furnishing of all labor, materials, equipment, and other incidentals necessary or convenient to the successful completion of the project and the carrying out of all duties and obligations imposed by the contract.

Working Day (Daytime Work). Any Calendar Day from midnight to midnight, exclusive of Saturdays and Legal Holidays (as defined herein), on which the Contractor could proceed with construction operations for a period of six hours or more with the normal working forces engaged in performing work on the controlling item or items of work, which normally would be in progress at that time, will be classified as a working day. Saturdays and Legal Holidays on which the Contractor elects to work for a period of four hours or more will be classified as a working day.

Working Day (Nighttime Work). (Where nighttime work is required, or allowed by the Engineer.)

Any 24 hour period from noon to noon, on which the Contractor could proceed with nighttime construction operations for a period of six hours or more with the normal working forces engaged in performing work on the controlling item or items of work, which normally would be in progress at that time, will be classified as a working day. Saturdays and Legal Holidays on which the Contractor elects to work for a period of four hours or more will be classified as a working day.

Working Drawings. Erection plans, falsework plans, framework plans, cofferdam plans, or any other supplementary plans or similar data which the Contractor is required to submit to the Engineer.

(c) GENERAL TERMS.

1. "NO DIRECT PAYMENT", "WITHOUT EXTRA COMPENSATION" AND "SUBSIDIARY OBLIGATION".

SECTION 102

PROPOSAL REQUIREMENTS AND CONDITIONS

Compensation shall be included in other items of work (other pay items) for work where it is shown that "no direct payment" will be made for the work, or that the work shall be done "without extra compensation", or the work shall be a "subsidiary obligation" of other items of work.

2. AVOIDANCE OF REPETITION.

Wherever the terms "contemplated", or "required", "directed", "authorized", "considered necessary", "permitted", "approved". "suitable", "unacceptable", "designated", or terms of like import are used in these Specifications, they shall be construed to mean "to" or "by the Engineer" or "Director", unless the contract or context clearly indicates otherwise.

SECTION 102

PROPOSAL REQUIREMENTS AND CONDITIONS

102.01 Notice to Contractors (Advertisement).

(a) GENERAL.

Bids will be invited in a "Notice to Contractors" advertisement. The advertisement will contain the date, time, and place of opening bids; a description of the work; contract time; a stipulation as to the character and the amount of the proposal guaranty; and instructions to the bidders for obtaining access to plans and specifications.

(b) ADJUSTMENT OF BID QUANTITIES.

The quantities shown in the "Notice to Contractors" are to be considered as approximate only and may be amended in the proposal to include additional quantities or additional items, or to decrease quantities or to exclude items of work before bids are to be received. This listing of quantities and pay items is to advise prospective bidders informally as to the type of work and approximate quantities involved.

102.02 Qualification of Bidders.

(a) PREQUALIFICATION.

Proposal forms will be issued only to prospective bidders who have qualified with the Department and have a valid certification of qualification as required by State law. All applicants for qualification shall submit, under Oath, a complete confidential statement, equipment questionnaire, and experience questionnaire on forms that will be furnished by the Department upon request. To insure sufficient time for consideration, the applicant shall properly complete and submit the forms at least 14 calendar days prior to the date of opening bids on which the applicant desires to submit proposals. Forms received at a later date will be considered whenever practicable.

If the applicant is a corporation organized in a State other than Alabama, it shall furnish a certificate from the Secretary of State showing that it is qualified to transact business in Alabama. A bid for a 100 % State funded project will not be accepted from a corporation organized in another State if the bidder does not submit a valid Certificate of Existence issued by the Alabama Secretary of State.

A bid will be accepted from a corporation organized in another State for a federally funded project but award of the contract is contingent upon receipt of the Certificate of Existence from the Alabama Secretary of State.

A prospective bidder will not be prequalified who has a corporate officer, director, or principal owner who is a corporate officer, director, or owner of another person which is presently disqualified by the Department. A prospective bidder will also not be prequalified who is an affiliate of a person that is presently disqualified by the Department.

For the purposes of this Section, the following definitions shall apply:

- an affiliate shall be defined as any person that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with another person.

- a person shall be defined as an individual, a corporation, a partnership, an association, a joint stock company, a trust, or any unincorporated organization.

- control shall be defined as the ownership, directly or indirectly, of 10 % or more of the voting securities of a person or if the person is not a corporation, an ownership interest, directly or indirectly of 10 % or more of the person.

(b) DISQUALIFICATION.

The Department reserves the right to disqualify or refuse to issue a proposal to a prospective bidder for the following reasons:

1. Lack of competency and adequate machinery, plant and other equipment as revealed by the required financial statement and experience questionnaires.

2. Uncompleted work which, in the judgment of the Department, could hinder or prevent the prompt completion of additional work if awarded.

3. Failure to pay or satisfactorily settle all bills due for labor and material on contracts in force at the time of issuance of proposals.

4. Failure to comply with any pre-qualification regulations of the Department.

5. Default, as defined in Article 108.12, under a previous contract.

6. Actions in bidding or subcontracting which have the effect of limiting competition and violating the competitive bid process, or if any partner, association member, corporate official or individual owner, respectively, of any firm submitting a bid has been convicted or entered a guilty plea in any legal jurisdiction of the United States or any of the various States, of Federal or State crimes that involve the restraint of trade or limiting competition in any manner.

7. Suspension or debarment by the Federal Highway Administration of the prospective bidder or any partner, association member, corporate official or individual owner of the firm.

8. Upon issuance to the contractor of two warning letters for DBE violations during any successive 24 month period. DBE violations apply on a company-wide basis and not for a particular project.

9. When the prospective bidder was the prime contractor and did not use his company's forces to perform at least 30 % of the work.

10. Disqualification for unsatisfactory progress as defined in Article 108.04(c).

11. Being an affiliate of a person who is disqualified.

12. Becomes insolvent or commits any act of insolvency.

13. Failure to reimburse the Department in accordance with the requirements for payment given in these specifications, not withstanding acceptance of the project or maintenance thereof.

Disqualification for reasons 1 through 6, 8 and 9 will be for an indefinite period of time. The status of disqualification will be reviewed if requested in writing by the disqualified firm. Any subsequent review of the status of disqualification will not be done until six months after the preceding review.

Disqualification for reason 7 will be for an indefinite period of time, with a minimum time of disqualification equal to the period of time of suspension or debarment by the Federal Highway Administration. After the minimum time of disqualification has passed, the status of disqualification will be reviewed if requested in writing by the disqualified firm. Any subsequent review of the status of disqualification will not be done until six months after the preceding review.

Disqualification for reason 10 will be removed immediately upon receipt of proof that the progress of the work is acceptable or that the project has been completed.

Disqualification for reason 11 will remain in effect until the prospective bidder causing the disqualification of the affiliate has been requalified.

Disqualification for reason 12 will remain in effect until the Contractor and Surety provide documentation to the satisfaction of the ALDOT that the Contractor's solvency has been restored.

Disqualification for reason 13 will be removed immediately upon receipt of satisfactory payment from the Contractor.

Disqualification applies to bidding as a prime contractor or performing work in any role or capacity on an ALDOT project.

(c) REQUALIFICATION.

If a prospective bidder is disqualified from bidding for reasons 1 through 7, 9 and 12 given in Subarticle 102.02(b), it will be required to again prequalify under the provisions of Subarticle 102.02(a) above.

When requalified, the qualification will be issued subject to continued examination and evaluation of the Contractor's performance. The Contractor will be in probationary status for a period of one year following the requalification. If, during the period of probation, the Contractor is disqualified under any of the provisions of these Specifications, the Department may suspend the Contractor's right to requalify for a minimum period of one year.

102.03 Contents of Proposal Form.

(a) GENERAL.

The Department will furnish bidders a blank proposal form showing the location and description of the work contemplated, the approximate estimate of the various quantities of the pay items of the work to be performed and materials to be furnished, and the amount of the proposal guaranty. The proposal form may also contain "Supplemental Specifications", "Special Provisions", and requirements that vary from, or are not included in, the Alabama Department of Transportation Standard Specifications. All papers bound with or attached to the proposal form are a necessary part thereof and must not be detached or altered.

The plans, specifications, and other documents designated in the proposal form shall be a part of the proposal whether attached or not. The prospective bidder shall pay the Department the fee set for each copy of the proposal form and each set of plans.

(b) CORRECTIONS.

Corrections and minor changes in the proposal form or plans may be put into effect by telegram, certified letter, express type mail, or other computer media from the Office Engineer Bureau, notifying all prospective bidders to whom proposal forms have been previously issued.

102.04 Interpretation of Quantities in Bid Schedule.

The quantities appearing in the bid schedule are approximate only and are prepared for the comparison of bids. Payment to the Contractor will be made only for the actual quantities of work performed and accepted, or materials furnished, in accordance with the contract. The scheduled quantities or work to be done and materials to be furnished may each be increased, decreased, or omitted as provided herein.

102.05 Examination of Plans, Specifications, Special Provisions, and Site of Work.

Before submitting a proposal, bidders shall carefully examine the site of the proposed work, the general and local conditions, the proposal form, standard specifications, supplemental specifications, special provisions, and the bid bond form. The submittal of a proposal shall be an acknowledgment that the bidder has made these examinations and accepts, without conditions or exceptions, all requirements and circumstances under which the work must be performed.