B08 - ATT 0012 - TM 38-250.pdf

BY ORDER OF THE AIR FORCE INTERSERVICE MANUAL 24-204

SECRETARIES OF THE AIR FORCE, TM 38-250

THE ARMY, THE NAVY,THE MARINE CORPS, NAVSUP PUB 505

AND THE DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY MCO P4030.19H

DLAI 4145.3

11 DECEMBER 2001

Transportation

PREPARING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS FOR MILITARY AIR

SHIPMENTS

COMPLIANCE WITH THIS PUBLICATION IS MANDATORY

NOTICE: This publication is available digitally on the AFDPO WWW site at:

http://afpubs.hq.af.mil.

OPR: AFMC LSO/LOP (Mr Mark Ferguson) Certified by: HQ USAF/ILT Supersedes AFJMAN 24-204/TM 38-250/NAVSUP Pages: 396 PUB 505/MCO P4030.19G/DLAI 4145.3, 1 MARCH 1997 Distribution: F

This manual implements AFPD 24-2, Preparation and Movement of Air Force Material. It provides guidance and procedures for preparing hazardous materials for shipment by military aircraft to ensure that such materials are packaged, marked, labeled, and prepared properly for transportation. This manual includes the shipment of nuclear materials, except for nuclear weapon major assemblies and nuclear components packaged and shipped per Department of Energy-Defense Nuclear Agency (DOE-DNA) TP 45-51 and its supplements. It includes labeling requirements, instructions for transporting passengers with hazardous materials and instructions for notifying the aircraft commander regarding hazardous materials on the aircraft. It implements Department of Defense (DoD) Regulation 4500.9-R, Defense Transportation Regulation (Parts II and III) and Department of Transportation (DOT) Exemptions 7573 and 9232 (DOT-E 7573 and DOT-E 9232) for commercial aircraft under contract to the Air Mobility Command (AMC). The use of a name of any specific manufacturer, commercial product, commodity or service in this publication does not imply endorsement by the military services.** Penalties and Disciplinary Action. Failure to observe prohibitions and mandatory provisions of this manual by military personnel is a violation of Article 92, Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). Violations by civilian employees may result in administrative disciplinary action without regard to otherwise applicable criminal or civil sanctions for violations of related laws. See attachments 1 and 2 for terms, abbreviations, and acronyms used in this manual.

★SUMMARY OF REVISIONS

This revision incorporates applicable changes to the Department of Transportation (DOT) Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Technical Instructions. This revision amends policy statements (Chapters 1-3), hazard classification and communication information (Attachment 4), and packaging requirements (Attachments 5-13). Other major changes include expanding guidance on inspection procedures (Attachment 28) and adding packaging requirements from AFR 71-4 (15 January 1988) for use with Grandfathered munitions shipments (Attachment 27). This manual reorganizes text to comply with Air Force Manual format and changes many procedures. These changes clarify requirements and further standardize DoD packaging and shipping with the commercial sector.

Chapter 1--General Guidance

1.1 Applicability

1.2 Responsibilities Assigned

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11 DECEMBER 2001

1.3 Hazardous Material Training Requirements

1.4 Special Assignment Airlift Missions (SAAM)

1.5 Transportability Design Criteria

1.6 General Packaging Requirements

1.7 United Nations (UN) Performance Specification Packaging

1.8 Fueled Vehicles and Equipment

1.9 Damaged or Improper Shipments

1.10 Empty Containers, Cylinders, Radioactive Packages, and Nonhazardous Materials

1.11 Stowing Hazardous Materials

1.12 Protective Equipment

1.13 Unitized, Palletized, Containerized, or Consolidated Loads

1.14 Procedures for Airdropping Hazardous Materials

1.15 Nuclear Weapons Material

1.16 Air Standardization Coordinating Committee (ASCC) Air Standards

1.17 NATO STANAG 3854, Policies and Procedures Governing the Air Transportation of Dangerous Cargo

1.18 Mail shipments

Chapter 2--Deviations, Waivers, and Special Requirements

2.1 Deviations and Waivers

2.2 Passenger Movement Deviations

2.3 Packaging and Compatibility Waivers

2.4 DOT Exemptions

2.5 Competent Authority Approvals (CAA)

2.6 DoD Certification of Equivalency (COE)

2.7 Limited and Excepted Quantities

2.8 Emergency Response Information

2.9 Complying With Special Cargo Requirements

Chapter 3--Tactical, Contingency, or Emergency Airlift

3.1 Purpose

3.2 Applicability

3.3 Use of Commercial Airlift

3.4 Packaging Requirements

3.5 Passenger Eligibility

3.6 Load Configurations

3.7 Fuel for Vehicles and Equipment

3.8 Lithium Batteries

3.9 Chemically Contaminated Cargo

3.10 Marking, Labeling, and Certification

3.11 Diverting Hazardous Materials to Nontactical Airlift

3.12 Transporting Foreign Troops

Attachment 1-GLOSSARY OF REFERENCES AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION 18 Attachment 2-STEPS FOR PREPARING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 31 Attachment 3-GENERAL AND HAZARD CLASS SPECIFIC PACKAGING REQUIREMENTS 33 Attachment 4-ITEMS LISTING 44 Attachment 5-CLASS 1--EXPLOSIVES AND AMMUNITION 198 Attachment 6-CLASS 2--COMPRESSED GASES 214 Attachment 7-CLASS 3--FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS 233 Attachment 8-CLASS 4--FLAMMABLE SOLIDS, SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL, AND DANGEROUS WHEN WET MATERIAL 236

Attachment 9-CLASS 5--OXIDIZING MATERIALS AND ORGANIC PEROXIDES 241 Attachment 10-CLASS 6--POISONOUS (TOXIC) MATERIALS AND INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES 260 Attachment 11-CLASS 7--RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS 266

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Attachment 12-CLASS 8--CORROSIVE MATERIALS 301 Attachment 13-CLASS 9--MISCELLANEOUS HAZARDOUS MATERIAL 309 Attachment 14-MARKING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 321 Attachment 15-LABELING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 327 Attachment 16-AREA PLACARDING 331 Attachment 17-CERTIFYING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 333 Attachment 18-COMPATIBILITY 344 Attachment 19-EXCEPTED AND LIMITED QUANTITIES 350 Attachment 20-ABSORBENT CUSHIONING REQUIREMENTS 355 Attachment 21-BRIEFING AGENCY REQUIREMENTS 357 Attachment 22-PASSENGER MOVEMENT ON AIRCRAFT TRANSPORTING HAZARDOUS

MATERIALS 358

Attachment 23-USE OF CONTRACT AIR CARRIERS 360 Attachment 24-SPECIAL CARGO REQUIREMENTS 361 Attachment 25-HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INITIAL AND REFRESHER TRAINING 363 Attachment 26-TABLE OF EQUIVALENTS 366 Attachment 27-PREPARING EXPLOSIVES PACKAGED PRIOR TO 1 JANUARY 1990 370 Attachment 28-INSPECTION PROCEDURES 387 Attachment 29-SUBJECT INDEX 392

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Chapter 1

GENERAL GUIDANCE

1.1. Applicability. Handlers, packers, inspectors, and preparers (certifiers) of hazardous materials shall comply with rules designed to maximize safety and security of the aircraft, aircrew, cargo and passengers. They must know the exceptions, exemptions, and waivers to federal laws and related government directives that are unique to military airlift operations and how to apply them.

- This manual governs the transport of hazardous material as cargo on military fixed and rotary wing aircraft.

Apply the requirements specified in this manual unless modified or updated according to 1.2.1.

- Hazardous materials required as operational equipment of the aircraft for ground/air servicing as identified in applicable aircraft flight publications are not regulated by this manual.

- The provisions of this manual are directive in nature, and must be complied with by those personnel whose positions or jobs entail responsibility for the functions covered.

- Ensure compliance with current applicable DOT and EPA requirements when transporting hazardous materials outside of the Defense Transportation System. Hazardous waste shipments entering or exiting a domestic location must comply with 40 CFR Parts 260-265, including preparation of a hazardous waste manifest.

1.2. Responsibilities Assigned.

1.2.1. Office of Primary Responsibility (OPR) will publish emergency changes of an operational or technical nature that do not change policies or major procedures without service coordination. Coordinate all policy changes with Service focal points. Issue hazardous cargo information, clarifications, updates, procedural and policy changes to Air Force activities and Service focal points. Focal points retransmit changes to their respective service or agency shippers.

★1.2.2. Service Focal Points jointly establish procedures and prepare any documentation necessary to implement this manual. Users contact their Service focal points for all clarifications and waivers. Service focal points are:

- Air Force. AFMC LSO/LOP, 5215 Thurlow Street, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433-5540, (937) 257- 4503/1984, DSN: 787-4503/1984.

- Army. US Army Material Command, Logistics Support Activity, Packaging, Storage, and Containterization Center, ATTN: AMXLS-TP, 11 Hap Arnold Blvd, Tobyhanna PA 18466-5097, (570)

895-6622/7070, DSN: 795-6622/7070.

- Navy. Commander, Naval Inventory Control Point, Code 07122.30, P.O. Box 2020, 5450 Carlisle Pike, Mechanicsburg, PA 17055-0788, (717) 605-2784, DSN: 430-2784.

- Marine Corps. Commandant of Marine Corps (LPP-2), Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, 2 Navy Annex, Washington, DC 20380-1775, (703) 695-8926 DSN: 225-8926.

- Defense Logistics Agency. HQ Defense Logistics Support Command, Attn: DLSC-LDD, 8725 John J.

Kingman Road, Suite 4134, Fort Belvoir VA 22060-6221, (703) 767-3673/3511 DSN: 427-3673/3511.

★1.2.3. Packers package hazardous materials, but do not sign legally binding documents.

1.2.4. Preparers certify that hazardous materials are properly classified, described, packaged, marked and labeled, and in proper condition for military airlift according to the applicable regulations of the Department of Transportation and this manual. Preparers include Technical Specialists. These individuals are qualified based on their training in handling and preparing the hazardous material in the performance of their duties.

1.2.5. Handlers maintain safe operations when transporting hazardous materials and proficiency in job specific responsibilities. Handlers include warehouse workers, load planners, load selectors, special handling personnel, and aircraft load teams.

★1.2.6. Inspectors ensure hazardous materials are properly prepared and documented before entering into the military airlift system (see attachment 28).

1.2.7. Installation or Activity Commanders (or their designated representatives).

- Train personnel according to paragraph 1.3.

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- Appoint preparers as certifying officials to complete the Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods Certification. This authorization must include the scope of the individual's authority and qualified training according to attachment 25. Document the authorization in writing, electronically, or other auditable method.

1.2.8. Contracting Officers. Ensure all DoD contracts and purchase requests for hazardous materials include the provisions of the supplement to the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR), Paragraph 52.228-7007 (Safety, Ammunition, and Explosives). Contractors get copies of specifications, standards, and publications from the procuring agency or as directed by the contracting officer.

1.2.9. Air terminal or base operations personnel. Notify the aircraft commander (or designated representative), in writing, of all hazardous materials aboard the aircraft. The activity responsible for delivering the cargo to the aircraft provides this notification in the absence of an established air terminal or base operation. The briefing agency must meet the requirements of attachment 21.

1.3. Hazardous Material Training Requirements. Commanders assign hazardous material workers and ensure each successfully completes relevant training. Train hazardous material workers according to attachment 25.

Training for all levels of hazardous material workers who may effect the safety of hazardous materials in transportation, as a minimum, must address the following areas:

- Hazardous material general awareness and familiarization.

- Safety procedures to include emergency response.

- Function specific responsibilities directly relevant to the individual's role in hazardous material transportation.

★1.4. Special Assignment Airlift Missions (SAAM). Process SAAM requests, cargo clearance, and appropriate confirmations according to DoD 4500.9-R, Defense Transportation Regulation, Part 1. Unless specifically exempted under the provisions of paragraph 2.3, properly prepare, package, mark, label, and document all hazardous materials transported by SAAM aircraft according to this manual. Do not automatically apply the provisions of Chapter 3 for use of SAAM aircraft. Refer to paragraph 3.2 for validation and use of SAAMs for tactical, contingency, or emergency operations.

1.5. Transportability Design Criteria. Configure hazardous materials (items and articles) to ensure transportability on military aircraft. Items in their shipping configuration and skidded or wheeled equipment must meet the transportability design criteria identified in MIL-STD-1791, Designing for Internal Aerial Delivery in Fixed Wing Aircraft.

1.6. General Packaging Requirements. Package hazardous materials in containers authorized by this manual, Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 173, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Technical Instructions, or the International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulation.

Attachment 3 applies to all military air shipments. See paragraph A17.1.2 for certification instructions.

★1.7. United Nations (UN) Performance Specification Packaging. Prepare hazardous materials in UN specification containers unless exempted by a specific packaging paragraph in this manual. DoD activities use the DoD POP Program to locate tested and authorized DoD packaging configurations. If the hazardous material is procured in a manufacturer’s UN specification container, use that container. Ensure compliance with all other requirements of this manual, including air-eligibility. If the managing activity has specified a container Special Packaging Instruction (SPI), use that UN specification container. Frustrate hazardous cargo not correctly packaged and marked to UN specification requirements. For additional information concerning UN specification packaging or performance test requirements see DLAD 4145.41/AR 700-143/AFJI 24-210/NAVSUPINST 4030.55/MCO 4030.40A, Packaging of Hazardous Material. Service focal points are unable to waive UN specification requirements.

1.7.1. Exempt Items. The following materials are exempt from UN performance specification packaging test requirements. The packaging paragraph from table A4.1 will specify required packaging.

- Compressed gas cylinders

- Radioactive material

- Dry ice

- Magnetized material

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- Life-saving appliances

- Mercury contained in manufactured articles

- Packages whose net mass exceeds 400 kg (882 pounds) or with a capacity exceeding 450 liters (119 gallons)

1.7.2. Grandfathered Items. Government-owned goods packaged before 1 January 1990 are exempt from UN specification requirements. Ship these items under the packaging requirements in effect at the time of packaging.

Annotate the shipping papers "Government-owned goods packaged before 1 January 1990." See attachment 17 for certification instructions.

1.8 Fueled Vehicles and Equipment. Limit quantity of fuel within a vehicle or wheeled support equipment to a minimum. Do not exceed the maximum fuel in tank limits specified in attachment 13. Commanders must consider availability of fuel at the destination and operational requirements for mission readiness when determining fuel levels and ship with less than the maximum allowable amount when applicable. The preparer (certifying official) must ensure any unnecessary fuel is drained prior to shipment.

★1.9. Damaged or Improper Shipments. Do not transport any damaged, leaking, or improperly packed, marked, or labeled item or material.

- Return shipments to the originator, at the originator’s expense, when a shipment requiring UN specification containers is not packaged properly. The originating activity may provide the shipper with the appropriate UN specification marking to correct the shipment. Consider urgency of need when determining the best method for correcting a deficient shipment. Ensure compliance with applicable modal regulations when offering any shipment for transportation.

- Report deficiencies on SF 361, Transportation Discrepancy Report, or SF 364, Supply Discrepancy Report (or equivalent reporting means as designated by the Service Focal Points and coordinated with AFMC LSO/LOP). Report leaks from packages, equipment, and self-propelled vehicles during loading or unloading, or in flight as a packaging deficiency.

- Immediately report any release of a hazardous substance in a quantity equal or greater than its reportable quantity to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) by calling the US Coast Guard National Response Center at 800-424-8802 or 202-267-2675.

- Consult local installation operating procedures for hazardous material emergency planning, response, and reporting requirements in the event of an incident involving hazardous materials.

- Do not move dropped or damaged explosive items. The Transportation or Packaging Office will immediately contact Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD), safety or munitions personnel to determine disposition.

★1.10. Empty Containers, Cylinders, Radioactive Packages and Nonhazardous Materials. Except as specified in this paragraph, empty containers or articles are not subject to any other requirements of this manual.

1.10.1. Empty Containers. Inspect packages that formerly contained a hazardous material covered by this manual to determine the presence or absence of hazardous material. If there is presence of hazardous material, purge the hazardous material or the package is regulated in the same manner as prescribed for the package if full. A container is considered empty if:

- A hazardous article has been removed from its container and there is no possibility of remaining residue (i.e., empty torpedo or missile containers).

- If the container has been purged of the hazardous material it previously contained.

1.10.2. Empty Cylinders. Compressed gas cylinders are empty if the pressure in the cylinder is less than 40 pounds per square inch absolute (psia) at 21 degrees C (70 degrees F). Psia equals the gauge pressure plus atmospheric pressure (14.7 psi).

- Before shipment, inspect empty cylinders for dents, bulges, oxidation pits, or other damage. Handle faulty cylinders as required by the latest DOT regulations or DLAI 4145.25/AR 700-68/NAVSUPINST 4440.128D/MCO 10330.2D/AFJMAN 23-227(I), Storage and Handling of Liquified and Gaseous Compressed Gasses and Their Full and Empty Cylinders.

- Tightly close valves of cylinders before offering for transportation. The requirements of A3.3.2.2 apply to the protection of the valves.

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- If the cylinder contains residue of either of the following material, ship is regulated as full cylinders, regardless of psia, unless completely cleaned and purged of residue or vapors:

- Ammonia, Anhydrous

- Division 2.2 with a subsidiary risk

- Contains a flammable or poisonous material

1.10.3. Empty Radioactive Material Packaging. Empty the contents of the packaging as far as practical and ensure:

- The requirements of A11.11 are met.

- The packaging is in unimpaired condition and is securely closed so that there will be no leakage of radioactive material under normal transportation conditions.

- Internal contamination is not over 100 times the limits specified in A3.3.7.11.

- The packaging is prepared for shipment according to the requirements of A11.12.

1.10.4. Identifying Nonregulated Material, Containers or Cylinders. An item listed in table A4.1 may not be regulated because it does not meet the definition of the hazard class. This includes containers or articles defined as empty according to this paragraph. In this situation, when the item is determined to be nonregulated, the shipper must alert the carrier by:

- Annotating "NONHAZARDOUS" in the address block of the DD Form 1387, Military Shipment Label.

In the absence of a DD Form 1387, the shipper will use an equivalent means of notification.

- Ship the item as general cargo and a Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods form is not required.

- Apply an "EMPTY" label according to Attachment 15, when applicable. A label is not required for equipment or articles unless packaged, crated, or otherwise enclosed to prevent ready identification.

- The "NONHAZARDOUS" entry on the DD Form 1387 and the use of an "EMPTY" label is not required when the hazardous contents are completely removed from the container and there is no possibility of remaining residue, and the hazard communication markings and labels are removed or covered.

★1.11. Stowing Hazardous Materials.

- Ensure hazardous materials are compatible (attachment 18) when stored in transit.

- Ensure hazardous materials are accessible in flight.

- Ensure hazard markings and warning labels are visible to aircrew and unloading personnel.

- Do not stow hazardous materials susceptable to leaking on the same aircraft pallet with foodstuff, feed, or any other edible material intended for consumption by humans or animals (see paragraph 3.6.3). Solid material, such as explosive articles, may be loaded on the same aircraft pallet with foodstuffs based on operational requirements.

★1.12. Protective Equipment. The aircraft operator will ensure appropriate equipment is available to protect aircrew and passengers when transporting materials whose vapors are toxic, irritating or corrosive. Aircraft must have a closed oxygen system or protective mask for each person aboard. The shipper will provide any required special equipment to meet unique cargo safety requirements. It is the shipper’s responsibility, based on intimate knowledge of the material, to determine necessary required protective equipment. While the exact equipment required depends on the materials being transported, following are the recommended minimum (or equivalent substitutions):

- Two pairs of rubber gloves.

- One pair of protective gloves.

- One plastic or rubber apron.

- A five-pound (2.3 kg) package of incombustible absorbent material.

- Three large plastic bags (4-mil thick, as a minimum).

- One oxygen or protective mask for each person.

- The base must ensure availability of protective equipment to cope with ground emergencies involving the cargo during loading operations. Coordinate respiratory and other personal protection requirements with the medical service.

★1.13. Unitized, Palletized, Containerized, or Consolidated Loads. Shippers must ensure aerial ports can handle loads. Ensure load configurations are:

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- As stable as a single container. Items within containerized units will be secured in a manner to prevent damage or breakage during transportation. Consider both horizontal and vertical movement when determining securement method.

- Individually packaged as prescribed by table A4.1. The containerization unit is for ease of handling, it is not considered the outer package for any item stowed inside.

- Individually marked, labeled, and certified to the requirements of this manual and MIL-STD-129.

- Designed to provide installed equipment in approved holders meeting airlift restraint criteria.

- Compatible as required by attachment 18.

- Developed not using fiberboard or plywood sideboards unless specifically required by this manual.

- Marked and labeled on the outer most container according to attachments 14 and 15.

- The requirements of this paragraph apply to Mobility Readiness Spares Package (MRSP).

1.13.1. Accessibility. Do not ship containerized loads of hazardous material that are not easily accessible to the aircrew during flight. Physically stow hazardous materials next to the container opening and position to allow access while on the aircraft. The aircrew must have visual and physical access to all hazardous materials to mitigate any hazard posed by an in-flight incident. If there is evidence of a leak, the crew-member can locate the hazard, determine the extent of the risk, and take appropriate action to get under control or declare an in-flight emergency.

Ensure air transportation personnel have access to the contents for inspection. Provide a key to unescorted, locked containers to the aircraft commander or designated representative. Ship only the following hazardous materials in inaccessible containers or tactical shelters:

- Recompression vans, support vans, and shelters used by the Underwater Construction Team. Hazardous items inside these escorted containers have been identified to and approved for shipment byAFMC

LSO/LOP.

- Fire extinguishers secured in appropriate holders or brackets, or properly packaged according to this manual.

- Vehicles, support equipment, or other mechanical apparatus. Completely drain (residual fuel not to exceed 17 oz) items fueled by a flammable liquid with a flash point at or above 38 degrees C (100 degrees F).

Tightly seal fuel lines and tank to prevent residual fuel leaks. Drain and purge items fueled by a flammable liquid with a flash point below 38 degrees C (100 degrees F). Installed batteries must be nonspillable type and secured upright.

- Items shipped under the PSN "Life Saving Appliances" and packaged according to this manual.

- Air conditioners and environmental control units, magnetic material, radioactive material, and thermometers.

- Class/division 1.4S explosives packaged according to this manual.

- Non-flammable gases or non-flammable aerosols prepared according to this manual and packed in strong outer containers.

- "Consumer Commodities" not containing a liquid or a flammable gas.

1.14. Procedures for Airdropping Hazardous Materials. Prepare airdrop loads according to the TO 13C7/FM 10-500 series. Prepare, mark, label, certify, and accept airdrop hazardous cargo the same as air landed cargo.

1.15. Nuclear Weapons Material. Use the detailed information and procedures for preparing nuclear weapons material in DOE-DNA TP 45-51/Army TM 39-45-51/Navy SWOP 45-51/Air Force TO 11N-45-51, Transportation of Nuclear Weapons Material (including supplements). This document provides a chart indicating the air shipment compatibility of nuclear material with nonnuclear explosives and hazardous materials. Also, determine the inter-compatibility of explosives and hazardous materials according to attachment 18. Packaging and handling of nuclear material not specifically outlined in the above document must meet the requirements of this manual.

1.16. Air Standardization Coordinating Committee (ASCC) Air Standards. Member nations (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom, and United States) agree in Air Standards 44/9 to accept the categorization and authorization by participating nations of explosives, radioactive materials, and dangerous cargo for onward carriage in their own military aircraft. Label shipments according to the ICAO Technical Instructions, IATA Dangerous Goods Regulation or by nationally approved labels. Certify the shipment meets all requirements for air transport.

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1.17. NATO STANAG 3854, Policies and Procedures Governing the Air Transportation of Dangerous Cargo.

Participating nations agree to apply the United Nations International System for the Classification of Dangerous Cargo for air transportation. This includes the labeling (supplemented where necessary by ICAO or IATA labels) and certification. National regulations are still the authority for preparing, packing, aircraft stowing, and restraining dangerous cargo. Apply the national handling regulations of the carrier when transferring dangerous cargo from one nation to another for onward carriage.

NOTE: Paragraphs 1.16 and 1.17 are subject to international military standardization agreements. Do not make changes or deviations without authorization as prescribed in AFI 60-103 or NAVAIR Instruction 5711.1.

1.18. Mail Shipments. Shipment of hazardous material by mail is not permitted on military aircraft.

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Chapter 2

DEVIATIONS, WAIVERS, AND SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Deviations and Waivers. Deviations and waivers are a departure from established procedures in this manual.

2.2. Passenger Movement Deviations. Do not transport passengers with hazardous materials coded as cargo aircraft only in table A4.1, column 7 and table A4.2 Passenger Eligibility “P” Codes. See attachment 22 for deviation authority, additional passenger information, and supplemental oxygen requirements.

★2.3. Packaging and Compatibility Waivers. Waivers are exceptions to the packaging or compatibility requirements of this manual. Safety and risk management of airlift assets are the overriding factors for waiver consideration. Ease of operation, convenience, or program office preference are not reasons for waiver. Service focal points will not issue waivers if surface transportation is reasonably available.

2.3.1. Packaging Waivers. The shipper must obtain a waiver for any hazardous item or packaging not authorized in attachments 5 through 13. Submit waiver requests to your Service focal point (see paragraph 1.2.2) by letter, message, or telephone. Confirm waivers requested by telephone with a letter or message. Ensure receipt of the letter or message prior to issuing the waiver. A copy of the waiver must accompany the shipment. The DoD does not have authority to issue packaging waivers to UN specification requirements. Do not jeopardize safety for convenience or ease of operation. To obtain a waiver, the shipper must:

- Provide a detailed description of the package.

- Provide the PSN, hazard class, identification number, packing group, and net quantity of the material.

- Provide a detailed explanation why the established requirements can not be met.

- Provide a transportation analysis identifying why surface transportation can not be effectively utilized.

2.3.2. Compatibility Waivers for Military Aircraft. Shippers submit waiver requests to their Service focal point (see paragraph 1.2.2) for approval. For Air Force aircraft, the Service focal point forwards the waiver request, with their coordination, to HQ AMC/SEW/DONC Scott AFB IL 62225-5363. Waiver requests must contain the following information:

- Reason incompatible materials require shipment together.

- Reason for air movement and why other transportation modes cannot be utilized.

- Statement that if one item detonates or leaks, incompatible items (in the same container or on the same aircraft) will not cause a propagation detonation, fire, corrosive effect, or contamination of the aircraft.

Provide a brief description (include tests, if performed) which support your safety conclusions. Also, provide any additional safety controls the carrier must exercise.

- Provide intended date of movement, routing, and type of airlift required.

- Provide national stock numbers; model numbers of explosive items; PSNs; hazard classes; identification numbers; quantity or net explosive weight (individual and total as applicable); and packaging paragraphs.

- Provide points of contact at origin and destination bases.

2.3.3. Compatibility Waivers for AMC-Contracted (Commercial) Aircraft. Do not move incompatible items by AMC-contracted aircraft unless authorized by a DOT exemption. If an emergency situation exists to airlift incompatible items by AMC-contracted aircraft, provide the information required by paragraph 2.3.2 to HQ AMC/DONC/SEG who will request an exemption from the DOT if warranted.

2.3.4. Operational Necessity Waivers. Variations to the requirements of this manual are authorized for a specific mission when strategic and compelling reasons exist. The Service/MAJCOM having operational control of the aircraft must approve the operating procedures for specific missions. USTRANSCOM approves operating procedures for overall program management of strategic lift assets operated by HQ AMC. This paragraph applies to the following conditions:

- Recovery of downed aircraft.

- Emergency rescue operations.

- Movement of portable generators to support critical and key functions where power has been disrupted.

- Movement of fueled support equipment (SE) to replace inoperative equipment supporting an ongoing mobility exercise or operational plan. Equipment may be transported with fuel not to exceed one-half tank.

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- Shipments in accordance with the requirements of AFI 11-289, Phoenix Banner, Phoenix Silver, and Copper Operations.

2.3.5. Intelligence or Criminal Investigations. Variations to the requirements of this manual are authorized for airlift of hazardous materials involved in intelligence or criminal investigations. Qualified personnel of those agencies responsible for the cargo must certify that all safety precautions have been taken to transport the materials safely. The shipper must ensure compliance with as many requirements of this manual as possible. This authorization is valid only for movement out of an austere environment. At the first secure in-route airfield, the cargo must be prepared according to this manual or paragraph 2.3.1.

★2.4. DOT Exemptions. A DOT exemption is authority to deviate from the requirements of 49 CFR 100-199.

Use exemptions as authority for shipment by military air, if applicable. Follow all requirements of the exemption.

- The shipping activity must provide a copy of the exemption for each shipment. If the approval date on the exemption has expired, but a renewal has been applied for, enter, "Renewal Requested, Current Exemption Still Valid". Place this statement on the exemption after verifying renewal request with the Service Focal Point.

- The exemption must accompany the cargo in the Defense Transportation System.

- Maintain a copy of the exemption at each facility where it is used in connection with the transportation of the hazardous material.

- Do not use DOT packaging exemptions for international shipments unless the item is exempted from UN specification requirements (see 1.7.1).

- Forward requests for new exemptions or copies of existing exemptions according to the DTR, Volume II.

★2.5 Competent Authority Approvals (CAA). A CAA is an approval issued by a national agency responsible under its national law for the regulation of hazardous materials transportation. The U.S. Competent Authority is the U.S. Department of Transportation. These may also be referred to as Special Approvals. The following information applies:

- One type of CAA is issued for explosive hazard classification. A copy of this CAA is not required to accompany military air shipments. See paragraph A3.3.1.2 for explosive classification approval requirements. If packaging requirements are included as part of an explosive hazard classification CAA, certify the shipment to A5.6 and attach a copy of the CAA to the shipper’s declaration (see A17.4.1).

- A second type of CAA is issued for packaging or other transportation requirements when specified by the responsible national agency for the originating shipment. These include CAA's issued by the U.S.

Competent Authority and foreign agencies.

- Use this CAA as authority for military air shipment.

- Follow all requirements of the approval.

- The shipping activity must provide a copy of the CAA for each shipment.

- The CAA must accompany the cargo in the Defense Transportation System.

- The Inventory Control Point for the item (national stock number managing activity) must submit the

CAA request to the Service/Agency focal point according to the DTR, Volume II. Request copies of existing CAA’s according to the DTR, Volume II.

★2.6. DoD Certification of Equivalency (COE). A COE is a certification that the proposed packaging equals or exceeds the requirements of 49 CFR 100-199. Use COEs as authority for shipment by military air, if applicable.

Follow all requirements of the approval.

- The shipping activity must provide a copy of the COE for each shipment.

- The COE must accompany the cargo in the Defense Transportation System.

- Do not use COEs for international shipments unless the item is exempted from UN specification requirements (see 1.7.1).

- Forward requests for new COE’s according to the DTR, Volume II. Request copies of existing COE’s according to 1.2.2.

- COE issuing officials, as identified in the DTR, Volume II, follow guidance in DLAD 4145.41/AR 700-

143/AFJI 24-210/NAVSUPINST 4030.55/MCO 4030.40, Packaging of Hazardous Material, for approving COEs. Any COE that approves military airlift of a hazardous material that is forbidden by this manual, either primary or secondary hazard, must be coordinated with the respective Service Focal Point and

AFMC LSO/LOP.

12 AFMAN 24-204(I)/TM 38-250/NAVSUP PUB 505/MCO P4030.19H/ DLAI 4145.3

2.7. Limited and Excepted Quantities. Use good quality packaging specified in attachment 19 to ship small quantities of hazardous materials aboard military aircraft. Personnel may use UN specification packaging even though it’s not required.

2.8. Emergency Response Information. Do not offer for transportation, accept for transportation, transfer, store, or otherwise handle hazardous materials unless emergency response information is available at all times. The shipper must provide a 24-hour emergency response telephone number that is monitored at all times by personnel who are knowledgeable of the hazards and characteristics of the materials being shipped. This information is required in the event of an emergency involving the material. Enter the phone number on the manifest (or on the Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods attached to the manifest) immediately following the description of the hazardous material, in a clearly visible location. Enter the phone number only one time if the number applies to each hazardous material on the manifest. Indicate the telephone number is for emergency response information by annotating the words "EMERGENCY CONTACT," followed by the telephone number (including the area code or international access code). DoD activities use the following telephone numbers:

- For Class 1 material, contact The Army Operations Center, (703) 697-0218/0219. Ask for the Watch Officer.

- For radioactive material, contact Rock Island Arsenal, (309) 782-3510. Call collect. Ask for the Staff Duty Officer.

- For all other hazardous materials, contact The DoD Emergency Response Hotline, 1-800-851-8061 (toll free) or 1-804-279-3131.

- Shipments originating from non-DoD activities use a company, safety organization, or other contact telephone number applicable to the material shipped.

★2.9. Complying With Special Cargo Requirements. Ensure any Inhalation Hazard Zone A material (as identified by Special Provision 1 in table A4.1, column 7); Class 1, compatibility group K; Fissile Class III Radioactive Materials; infectious substances and biological research materials requiring a technical escort comply with the extensive protective measures outlined in attachment 24.

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Chapter 3

TACTICAL, CONTINGENCY, OR EMERGENCY AIRLIFT

★3.1. Purpose. Shippers must identify procedural exceptions for movement of hazardous materials under tactical, contingency, or emergency conditions as specified in DoD 4500.9-R, Defense Transportation Regulation and implementing Service directives. This chapter does not apply to helicopters being used for insertion or extraction of combat troops to, from, or within a combat area.

★3.2. Applicability. This chapter imposes a considerable increase in risk to the aircraft, air crew, and customers.

Real world situations may dictate use, but mission validators must evaluate the strategic and compelling reason to increase the risk.

- The MAJCOM having operational control of the deploying unit justifies the applicability of this chapter by indicating the nature of the movement in the airlift request.

- Ensure this chapter is used for operations that support DoD agencies and allies in providing sustained, immediate, and responsive air movement, and delivery of personnel and material to, within, or from objective areas. Included are Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), component, and unilateral mobility exercises designed to simulate and evaluate responsiveness to tactical, contingency, or emergency situations requiring airlift.

- Do not use the provisions of this chapter during redeployments unless mission readiness is affected.

Responsibility remains with the MAJCOM having operational control of the deploying unit to justify the applicability of this chapter by indicating the nature of the movement in the airlift request.

- Apply these provisions to notional tasking of Standard Air Munitions Package/Standard Tank Rack Adapter and Pylon Package (STAMP/STRAPP) and deployable munitions packages, as directed by HQ

AFMC/DRW.

- Observe all practical ground and flight rules and brief each aircraft commander (or representative designated by the commander) according to attachment 21.

- Refer to Department of Defense (DoD) Regulation 4500.9-R, Defense Transportation Regulation, for manifesting requirements.

- Do not transport hazardous cargo aboard tactical or strategic aeromedical evacuation aircraft. The field commander may allow the transportation of casualties on aircraft carrying hazardous cargo in extreme circumstances that may result in potential loss of life.

- Theater commanders in coordination with USTRANSCOM evaluate acceptable risk relative to the urgency of need to determine if the procedures of this chapter will continue to apply to sustained logistical resupply airlift.

★3.3. Use of Commercial Airlift. Use DOT exemptions 7573 and 9232 (DOT-E 7573 and DOT-E 9232), as outlined in attachment 23, as required for AMC contracted commercial cargo airlift.

★3.4. Packaging Requirements. Comply with UN specification requirements (except when otherwise specified) and the packaging configurations specified in attachments 5 through 13. Do not remove hazardous materials from their required packaging except as authorized in this chapter.

3.4.1. Compliance with Technical Orders. Comply with all technical orders and technical publications to ensure correct storage of hazardous materials when removed from their packaging and stored in the racks or containers of tactical equipment or vehicles.

3.4.2. Basic Combat Load or Individual Issue. Personnel are permitted to carry their basic combat load or individual issue of hazardous materials removed from its required packaging under the following conditions:

3.4.2.1. Personnel will engage an enemy force immediately upon deplaning at the objective or will be airdropped.

3.4.2.2. Personnel not immediately engaging the enemy force when deplaning, but will assume a tactical mission on arrival or re-deploying upon mission completion, may deploy with their basic load or individual issue of hazardous materials. However, the troop commander must collect these items, including small arms ammunition, before the anti-hijack briefing. On arrival at the aircraft, the troop commander must brief the loadmaster on the hazardous materials and assist the loadmaster, as directed, in the tiedown before departing. The hazardous materials will be

14 AFMAN 24-204(I)/TM 38-250/NAVSUP PUB 505/MCO P4030.19H/ DLAI 4145.3

redistributed on arrival at destination. If required, apply these provisions to redeployment of troops upon mission completion.

3.4.2.3. The following requirements apply when basic combat load or individual issue of hazardous materials are carried under the provisions of this paragraph:

- Personnel must not handle explosives and other hazardous materials during flight operations.

- Ensure all individual hazardous materials are safe from accidental initiation (i.e., grenades in fiber containers, safety pins secured, etc.).

- Ensure all small arms ammunition remain in the individual carrier (for example, bandoleers, ammunition belts, pouches), and all weapons remain clear until the aircraft has landed.

- Ensure all NBC equipment remain in the individual carrier (for example, protective mask bag, mobility bag), and accompany the individual at all times. First aid kit components must remain within individual kit carriers or pouches.

- Prepare all hazardous material other than small arms ammunition, nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) equipment, and first aid kits for shipment according to this manual, consolidate in one central location on the aircraft as directed by the loadmaster, and distribute to personnel before landing.

- Lithium batteries installed in electronic equipment battery box or compartment require no additional packaging. Individuals may handcarry (pockets, rucksack, backpacks, etc.) the minimum number of spare lithium batteries required to sustain the immediate operation (as determined by the troop commander).

Pack handcarried lithium batteries in original wrapping or in nonconductive material to prevent external short-circuiting. Prepare equipment containing lithium batteries, not considered individual issue or basic combat, according to A13.8.

- The troop commander or team chief must brief the aircraft commander or designated representative (i.e.

loadmaster) on the location of all hazardous materials.

- A Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods is not required.

- See Attachment 23 for use of contract air carriers operating under DOT-E 9232.

3.5. Passenger Eligibility. Personnel moving under the authority of this chapter are participants in the tactical, contingency, or emergency operation and not considered passengers. Passenger deviation requirements do not apply. This authority does not apply to medical evacuees or passengers. If passenger seats are released to nonparticipants, the cargo must not be prepared using a provision authorized under the authority of this chapter and the requirements of 2.2 apply.

★3.6. Load Configurations.

3.6.1. Compatibility for Chapter 3 Movements. Review operational plans and implement procedures to minimize the exposure of personnel to hazards of the cargo when more than one aircraft is available. Separate incompatible explosives and other hazardous materials (and personnel) to the maximum extent possible, as the mission allows.

Use attachment 18, paragraph A18.4 for incompatible hazardous materials transported on the same aircraft.

3.6.2. Complete Round Rigging (CRR). CRR (unassembled on airdrop platform) allows deploying units to airlift normally incompatible items. CRR encompasses all items necessary for mission completion (i.e., primers, propelling charges, projectiles, fuses, etc.). CRR will allow loss of one or more pallets without jeopardizing total mission accomplishment.

- Use CRR to meet operational requirements. Authorized for exercises only when there is an intent to fire munitions.

- Use only CRR load configurations shown in TO 13C7/FM 10-500 series for low and high velocity parachute airdrop. Remove hazardous material from required packaging only when specifically identified in the TO/FM.

3.6.3. Meals Ready to Eat (MRE). Follow the requirements of paragraph 1.11 for stowing edible material intended for human consumption on the same aircraft pallet as hazardous material. If required by operational necessity, load MRE’s on the same 463L pallet with hazardous materials under the following conditions:

- Do not load MREs or other edible material on the same pallet with any hazardous material liquid or Class/division 2.3 gases.

- Separate hazardous materials (except Class 1) from the MREs by the greatest distance possible, but not less than 44 inches in all directions.

- Do not load hazardous materials above the MRE’s.

AFMAN 24-204(I)/TM 38-250/NAVSUP PUB 505/MCO P4030.19H/ DLAI 4145.3 15

- Flameless Ration Heaters (FRH) packed as a component of the MRE, regardless of the number shipped, are not regulated by this manual (see A3.3.4). Prepare FRHs shipped separately from the MRE as regulated hazardous material according to this manual.

- Do not open, handle, or activate fuel sources shipped along with the MRE’s inside the aircraft.

★3.7. Fuel for Vehicles and Equipment. Transport fuel needed to operate vehicles and equipment at the deployment site in air-eligible UN specification containers listed in paragraph A7.3. If required, stow these containers in the vehicle or equipment according to paragraph 1.11. Prevent metal-to-metal contact between containers not secured in racks by using cushioning material or fiberboard. Only use DOT 5L jerricans under the following conditions:

- Allow sufficient ullage (outage) and tightly secure DOT 5L jerrican caps to prevent leakage.

- Secure DOT 5L jerricans in permanently configured and approved holders on vehicles or equipment. See attachment 14 for marking requirements.

- Total combined fuel quantity for a vehicle or equipment equipped with DOT 5L jerricans can not exceed the capacity of the item’s fuel tank times two (2).

- DOT 5L jerricans must be drained but not purged when not shipped in an approved holder according to this paragraph. See paragraph A7.3 for certification.

3.7.1. Fuel-in-Tank Limitations. Transport fueled vehicles, self-propelled units, wheeled engine-powered support equipment, and all other types of support equipment according to attachment 13, paragraphs A13.5 and A13.6.

Units transported under the provisions of this chapter may contain additional quantities of fuel in tank based on operational necessity during deployments. During redeployments, unless mission readiness is affected, limit fuel in tank to a minimum. See attachment 17 for certification requirements.

3.7.2. Bulk Fuel. Do not transport servicing trucks, trailers, semitrailers, or storage tanks containing bulk fuel, or any bulk hazardous material by air (except as authorized in paragraph 3.7.3).