Amendment___3.pdf

Haiti Health Infrastructure Program

HAITI HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM

FINAL Umbrella Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan for Small

Renovation Projects

June 2015

This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development.

It was prepared by AECOM.

UEMMP for Small Renovation Projects in Haiti Page 0

UMBRELLA ENVIRONMENTAL

MITIGATION AND MONITORING

PLAN

for Small Renovation Projects

SUBMITTED TO:

USAID/Haiti

JUNE 1, 2015

PREPARED BY:

AECOM

DISCLAIMER:

The authors’ views expressed in this document do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government.

UEMMP for Small Renovation Projects in Haiti Page i

Coversheet for Umbrella Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP)

USAID Mission Strategic

Objective:

Pillar C: Health and Other Basic Services

Activity Title: Small Renovation Projects in Haiti

Implementing Partner: AECOM

Project Number: TBD ‐ Various

Project Name: Site Specific

Funding Period: FY 2015 to FY 2016

Resource Levels (in US$): $2.5 million total (approximately $100,000 to $300,000/site)

Dates of Previous EMMP: N.A.

Status of Fulfilling Mitigation Measures and Monitoring

Yes No Initial Environmental Mitigation Plan describing mitigation plan is attached.

Yes No Annual Environmental Mitigation Report describing status of mitigation measures is established and attached.

Yes No Certain mitigation conditions could not be satisfied, and remedial action is provided in the Environmental Mitigation Plan and Report.

USAID Mission Clearance of EMP/EMR

Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative: ________________________________ Date: __________________

(Manish Kumar)

Mission Environmental Officer: ________________________________ Date: __________________

(Ryan D. Knight)

Regional Environmental Advisor: ________________________________ Date: __________________

(Paul Schmidtke)

UEMMP for Small Renovation Projects in Haiti Page ii

Small Renovation Projects in Haiti:

Initial1 Project Sites Covered in UEMMP

Project Site Department/Region

GPS Coordinates

North West

CSL Pierre Payen Artibonite/Saint‐Marc 18°59ʹ51.00ʺN 72°44ʹ17.267ˮW

CAL Marmelade North/Marmelade 19°31ʹ0.804ˮN 72°21ʹ37.223ʺW

CSL de La Fossette North/Cap‐Haitian 19°45ʹ13.608ʺN 72°12ʹ21.312ʺW

CAL Ouanaminthe Northeast/Ouanaminthe 19°32ʹ57.984ʺN 72°5ʹ21.011ʺW

CSL de Capotille Northeast/Capotille 19°26ʹ52.37ʺN 71°41ʹ35.34ʺW

CSL de Dondon North/Dondon 19°31ʹ33.73ʺN 72°14ʹ30.10ʺW

CSL Anse a Foleur Northwest/Anse a Foleur 19°53ʹ31.38ˮN 72°37ʹ2.964ˮW

Dispensaire de Sanoix Artibonite/Marchand Dessaline 19°13ʹ19.308ʺN 72°34ʹ54.227ˮW

CSL de St Paul Montrious Artibonite/Montrouis 18°56ʹ32.35ʺN 72°42ʹ0.50ʺW

CSL OBCG West/Carrefour 18°32ʹ16.19ʺN 72°24ʹ34.27ʺW

Ecole Communale Pierre Samot de Carrefour/ FDPA 2

West/Carrefour 18°31ʹ41.19ʺN 72°23ʹ34.99ʺW

Lycée Antenor Firmin / FDPA 1 West/Port‐au‐Prince 18°32ʹ10.00ʺN 72°19ʹ34.96ʺW

Lycée Toussaint Louverture de Breda / FDPA 4

North/Cap‐Haitian — —

Lycée Dutty Boukman / FDPA 5 North/Cap‐Haitian — —

Ecole Nationale de Sainte Philomene / FDPA 6

North/Cap‐Haitian — —

Lycée Philippe Guerrier Southeast/Cayes — —

Institut Monfort West/Croix des Bouquets — —

Pazapa, Centre des Enfants Handicapes / FDPA 19

South/Jacmel — —

The project sites listed in this table were identified as of the date of this UEMMR. Additional school and health care sites will be identified during the planning process, but the activities at the additional sites are expected to fall within those already included in this UEMPR.

CAL = Health Center with Bed

CSL = Health Center without Bed

FDPA = Facilities for Disabled Persons Access

GPS = Global Positioning System

OBCG = Oeuvre de Bienfaisance de Carrefour et de

Gressier

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Location of health clinic project sites

Location of school project sites

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Acronyms and Abbreviations

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

DINEPA National Water and Sanitation Directorate (Direction Nationale de l’Eau Potable et de la Assainissement)

HHIP Haiti Health Infrastructure Program

IEE Initial Environmental Examination

LAC USAID Bureau for Latin America and the Caribbean mm millimeter

MOH Ministry of Health

PPE personal protective equipment

UEMMR Umbrella Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan

USG U.S. Government

USAID U.S. Agency for International Development

UEMMP for Small Renovation Projects in Haiti Page 1

ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN/REPORT NARRATIVE

1 Background

The earthquake that devastated Haiti on January 12, 2010, severely damaged the infrastructure of an already weak health care system with historically poor health outcomes and left thousands of Haitians physically disabled from spinal cord and brain injuries, injuries to limbs that required amputation, and other massive trauma.

The damage to health care infrastructure such as hospitals and clinics compounded the challenge of delivering basic health services. According to the Ministry to Health (MOH), even before the earthquake, Haiti’s health care system was not capable of providing basic health services for all Haitians, a significant portion of the population had no access to basic health services, and access to tertiary care was extremely limited.

In February 2015, USAID initiated the Small Renovation Projects in Haiti under the Haiti

Health Infrastructure Program (HHIP) to help rebuild the health care infrastructure and improve accessibility for people with disabilities in schools. The projects will involve up to

25 health care centers and schools in the North, Northeast, West, South, Southeast, and

Artibonite Departments and are estimated to be completed by March 2016.

The Small Renovation Projects are envisioned as part of USAID/Haiti’s support of Pillar C

(Health and Other Basic Services) of the five‐year Post‐Earthquake U.S. Government (USG)

Haiti Strategy. The projects also support the USG Strategy Priority of rebuilding public health infrastructure in earthquake zones and USG development corridors by providing small‐scale renovations of existing health centers and clinics.

The Ministry of Social Affairs has identified the need for accessible ramps and other accessibility features in schools as a priority. Renovating school facilities to improve accessibility supports this priority, will strengthen the Government of Haiti’s support of persons with disabilities, and supports USAID/Haiti’s priority of increasing access to quality services for persons with disabilities.

The small‐scale construction and renovation activities included in the Small Renovation

Projects have been identified as having the potential to negatively affect the environment and have been issued a Negative Determination with Conditions under LAC‐IEE‐11‐03 and

LAC‐IEE‐11‐01 pursuant to 22 CFR 216.3(a)(2)(iii). The current IEEs (LAC‐IEE‐11‐03 and

LAC‐IEE‐11‐01) expire at the end of FY 2015, at which point new or amended IEEs will be required.

As required by USAID for a Negative Determination with Conditions, an Umbrella

Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan and Report (UEMMP) has been prepared by the HHIP Implementing Partner, AECOM, to provide an overview of the existing

UEMMP for Small Renovation Projects in Haiti Page 2 conditions of the environment in the anticipated geographic areas of intervention, potential activities and their potential impacts, key issues associated with these activities, recommendations for measures necessary to mitigate the potential impacts, and a monitoring framework for the mitigation measures. This document presents the UEMMP.

2 Site Selection

The health care sites for the Small Renovation Projects were identified by USAID and

Haiti’s Quality Health Services for Haiti Project (Services de Santé de Qualité Pour Haiti

Project). Schools for accessibility upgrades were identified by the Ministry of National

Education (Ministère de l'Éducation Nationale), together with the Secretariat of State for the Integration of Disabled Persons (Bureau du Secrétaire d'Etat à l'Intégration des

Personnes Handicapées).

AECOM, through HHIP, assessed each of the initial sites to determine project feasibility and infrastructure needs. After USAID approves the final selection, AECOM will develop renovation designs and specifications for each site, which USAID will use to award individual task orders to construction contractors under an Indefinite‐Delivery Indefinite‐

Quantity Contract. As new sites are identified and selected, the Environmental Screening

Form (Table 2a) will be used to screen each project/site to ensure that the proposed activities are compatible with the recommended action (Table 2b) and the mitigation and monitoring system described herein.

3 Description of Activities

3.1 Project Activity Categories

The Small Renovation Projects will include the following categories of activities:

Construction and renovation: Minor construction and renovation of existing buildings

Accessibility improvements: Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) upgrades consisting of installation of exterior building ramps and railings and interior upgrades to improve access to facilities

Architectural: Shelving, counters, non‐load bearing walls/partitions, windows, doors, painting, and flooring

Electrical: Electrical upgrades consisting of replacement or repair of existing fixtures, bulbs, wiring, circuit breakers and outlets (exterior grid‐distribution and power demand issues not included)

Plumbing: As compatible with existing septic/sanitation systems, plumbing upgrades will consist of replacement or repair of existing fixtures and piping and/or fixtures

UEMMP for Small Renovation Projects in Haiti Page 3 and piping that may be impacted by renovation works (not to include improvements that significantly increase water usage and waste stream generation)

Mechanical: As‐needed installation of exhaust fans, ducts, ceiling fans and air conditioning units. New air conditioning will be avoided unless determined to be critical for the facility as air conditioning adds electrical load and the cost of the additional electricity may be prohibitive.

Small structural work and/or new construction at school sites only: As‐needed construction of handicap accessible latrines/toilets if repair to existing facilities is impractical or cost prohibitive; may include ramps, rails, fixtures, plumbing, stalls, latrines and/or septic tanks

3.2 Project Activities

The activities under the Small Renovation Projects will include:

Cleaning selected areas by pressure washing, scrubbing, and other means to remove all dirt, dust, trash, and any other foreign material

Removing chipped paint, cleaning, and repainting using approved paint in selected areas

Repairing or replacing interior plumbing features including pipes, fixtures, and any other devices in toilets, wash basins, showers, or surgery scrubbing areas

Providing small‐scale exterior water and sanitation improvements, which may include repairing or replacing features such as hand pumps, electrical pumps, broken or leaking water storage tanks, piping, fixtures, and septic tanks (no new water points or leach fields)

Repairing and/or replacing existing flooring surfaces, walls, ceilings, doors and windows

Reconfiguring non‐structural interior walls to improve accessibility including constructing openings and installing doors and windows

Installing new exterior accessibility features including ramps, handrails and sidewalks through removal of existing ramps/stairs, leveling, masonry and concrete works

(railings to be prefabricated)

Repairing mechanical systems, including adding, removing, and/or replacing fans, ducts and air conditioning units

Repairing electrical systems, including updating subpanels and adding, removing, and/or replacing generators, fixtures, outlets, wiring, and lighting

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Providing and installing fixed furnishings, equipment, curtains or other window treatments

Installing limited fixed furnishing and equipment

3.3 Project Phasing

The activities under the Small Renovation Projects will be phased as shown in Table 1.

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Table 1: Project Implementation Phases

No. Phase Responsible Party

1 Project selection and assessment (including Environmental Screening; Table 2a)

USAID and AECOM

2 Planning and design AECOM

3 Procurement (bidding and awarding) USAID

4 Site preparation per site‐specific phasing plan in coordination with the health center or school management

Construction Contractor

5 Project implementation (renovation) Construction Contractor

6 Installation of required utilities (e.g., line switch, light bulbs, air conditioning, panel breaker)

Construction Contractor

7 Commissioning and handover Construction Contractor

8 Operations and maintenance training Construction Contractor

4 Environmental Baseline

The project sites are in the North, Northeast, West, Northwest, South, Southeast, and

Artibonite Departments of Haiti. The sites are listed on page ii.

The environmental baseline consists of an assessment of the existing geographic, water, and waste management conditions in Haiti.

4.1 Geographic Considerations

4.1.1 Weather and Climate

Rainfall varies according to the island’s varied topography, with the central regions receiving more rainfall than the northern and western regions. Northern and windward slopes in the mountainous regions receive up to three times more precipitation than the leeward side. Annual precipitation in the mountains averages 1,200 mm, while the annual precipitation in the lowlands is as low as 550 mm.

Plaine du Gonaives and the eastern part of Plaine du Cul‐de‐Sac are the driest regions in the country where, combined with temperature, evaporation rates are high. The Island experiences year‐round tropical humid conditions and is subject to the variability driven by El Niño conditions. The wet season is long, particularly in the northern and southern regions, with two pronounced peaks occurring between March and November.

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4.1.2 Hurricanes

Haiti has been hit by six hurricanes in the last 30 years. The West, Artibonite, and North

Departments lie in the path of the strongest hurricanes, but most of the small island nation is affected by hurricanes. Impacts from cyclones are wide‐ranging and include loss of life, livestock, destruction of agricultural lands, erosion, river siltation, increased incidence of water‐borne diseases, and famine.

4.1.3 Floods and Storms

Flooding is the most common natural disaster in Haiti. The country’s most populated cities, such as Cap‐Haitian, Gonaives, and Saint Marc, are all nestled in the valleys along the coast. Widespread deforestation in the upper reaches of these valleys, coupled with a lack of drainage infrastructure, creates an environment that is conducive to flooding.

When it rains, the steep, often barren hills surrounding the cities flush rainwater toward the urban areas.

The northern and northeast regions are historically prone to flooding because of their topography, hydrology, geology, and soils. Steep slopes drain to very flat, poorly draining alluvial plains, creating the conditions for flooding.

4.1.4 Landslides

High deforestation rates, coupled with intense rainfall, make landslides commonplace and particularly dangerous in steep‐sloping lands. The removal of vegetation from hillsides has increased runoff and erosion rates and the risk of landslides.

4.1.5 Droughts

The Northeast, West and Artibonite Departments, where some of the project sites are located, frequently experience repeated droughts that are caused by a combination of erratic rainfall patterns and limited water management infrastructure. Droughts have destroyed crops, reduced agricultural production, and decreased food security.

4.2 Water Availability and Supply

Haiti relies on rainwater to meet most of its water needs. The country’s 11 main drainage basins provide Haiti’s water supply and are themselves fed by a variety of interweaving streams carrying fresh water down from the mountains. Water is widely available in the areas where the project sites are located.

Most of the time, the water table is relatively close to the ground surface, and the quality of the water is sufficient for use in construction activities. People in the areas where the project sites are located most often collect water from nearby rivers for construction work. Availability of water is not expected to be an issue, but transportation to the site will require environmental considerations.

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Although water can be considered to be widely available, water management needs to be improved. The water supply is affected by several factors, of which the most important are environmental degradation, poor land planning, and uncontrolled urbanization.

Water at some of the health centers and schools that were surveyed is obtained from on‐ site wells or water storage reservoirs. Many of the project sites have had problems with water distribution and plumbing as a result of breaks in the system, open valves, and inconsistent grid power for the water pumps. Many of the schools get water from the city water supply network, but the system is unreliable and cannot respond to the increased demand from a growing population. Unreliable systems and an inability to respond to increased demand have the potential to result in a lack of water supply to schools for extended periods. Additionally, the water supply in some areas is compromised by high salinity or bacterial contamination, and it is possible that some patients and students drink from the system against better judgment. Where feasible, integrated water resource management strategies should be considered including rainwater catchment and gray water reuse.

4.3 Wastewater

Most hospitals and schools do not have a centralized wastewater collection and treatment system. Most schools have pit latrines that appear to be the only sanitary service that is actively used by students.

On the other hand, hospitals have a system of septic tanks to meet the needs of hospital staff, patients, and other hospital population. The septic tanks receive wastewater from flush toilets, but the use of flush toilets is widely misunderstood by the hospital population. The misunderstanding creates misuse of the system and leads to the use of pit latrines only.

If not effectively designed and managed, pit latrines and septic tanks both have the potential to discharge wastewater effluent directly into the subsurface stratum where groundwater contamination can occur. At least one private company has been reported to be offering septic waste removal services to the public in the area of Cap‐Haitian through collection and disposal at a sewage treatment facility in the area of Quartier Morin. This company and other such companies may be integral to improving the sanitation services provided to the facilities that are most in need, but funding mechanisms will be required.

Wastewater back‐ups are a significant problem in that they present unsanitary conditions.

The northern and northeast regions of Haiti have a tremendous need for access to potable water, sanitation for wastewater effluent, and the management of storm water runoff, which leads to sedimentation, flooding, and pollution of rivers and coastal waters.

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4.4 Medical, Biological, and Solid Waste Management

At most of the health centers that were assessed, non‐medical solid waste and medical waste are not properly separated. Most of the non‐medical waste is included with medical waste, which increases the volume of medical waste significantly and creates many waste management issues. The health centers that separate non‐medical and medical waste take the medical waste to the incinerator for burning while non‐medical waste is transported to public collection points.

Schools do not produce medical waste but do produce a considerable amount of solid waste that includes recyclable materials such as plastic and organic waste.

None of the Departments housing the initial project sites have an effective solid waste management system. Several municipalities have begun picking up waste from households or a community collection site. However, none of the Departments have a single operating sanitary landfill for waste. Irregular dumpsites are most commonly used for waste disposal. The impact of casual dumping may be greatest in ecologically sensitive areas, where the dumping further damages already fragile resources such as marine life in and around the endangered coastal mangroves.

In some rural zones, people do not have access to safe sanitary facilities. Pit latrines are the most common sanitary facility in these areas. Some people do not have any access to sanitary facility and use open‐air areas for sanitary needs. The result is an unsafe sanitary situation favorable to the spread of diseases, including cholera. In some hospitals and schools, public sanitary facilities exist but are not properly operated and maintained.

5 Potential Environmental Impacts

As described above, the Small Renovation Projects will include only small‐scale renovation and reconstruction activities, and potential environmental impacts are therefore expected to be minor and temporary. The most significant potential impacts are displacement of patients, noise and dust generated by equipment and work, and construction waste that must be properly disposed of.

The potential environmental impacts that are discussed in this section are anticipated to be common to all of the project sites based on site assessments conducted by AECOM and the range of anticipated renovation activities. AECOM will complete an environmental screening form (see Tables 2a and 2b) for each project site to identify any additional site‐ specific environmental impact considerations.

5.1 Contamination of Soil and Water

Contamination of soil and water could be caused by the open discharge of contaminants such as toilet waste and other toxic materials that are often used in construction (e.g., UEMMP for Small Renovation Projects in Haiti Page 9 solvents, paints, vehicle maintenance fluids, fuels). If these contaminants are dumped or washed into streams, they may contaminate ground or surface water supplies, harming the health of the local community and populations living downstream.

Water quality (both surface and ground water) may be negatively affected by improper construction of sanitation facilities and/or disposal of sewage, hazardous waste spills during construction and/or demolition, pipe leaks or breaks, and failure of sewage systems. Sanitary infrastructure improvements, such as pit latrines or septic systems, have the potential to leak and leach into nearby surface and groundwater water sources.

5.2 Land Destabilization and Collapse from Unlined Well Column

If dug well columns are not constructed and lined properly, the soil may become destabilized, collapse, fill the well bottom, and affect the availability of water. Repair to existing water resource infrastructure will be included in the project assessment stage.

5.3 Waste Management

Activities at construction sites will produce construction waste such as cement bags, paint drums, brick and concrete rubble, metal, broken glass, timber waste, and debris.

Demolition of existing concrete walkways will generate noise and dust as well as rubble that will be required to be properly disposed of in a timely fashion.

5.4 Air Quality and Noise

Demolition of existing concrete walkways and walls at selected sites may generate dust that will affect air quality and noise. The presence of workers and their tools will increase the ambient noise level during work hours.

The equipment that is used for demolition and construction will generate dust and noise for approximately 4 to 8 weeks, and the population living near the work site may be affected.

5.5 Temporary Disruption of Health Services and School Activities

Health facilities and schools will not be closed during renovation and will experience shortages of working space. Modifications to buildings that provide medical services or that have classrooms may entail temporarily moving patients, students, or equipment to other spaces, temporarily disrupting the delivery of health services and school activities.

5.6 Human Health and Sanitary Conditions

The presence of workers and the work activities during project implementation will require additional water and sanitation services. Inadequate water and sanitation services for the workers could lead to the contamination of the water table and/or to breeding of disease‐carrying vectors, odors, and other health and environmental hazards.

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The movement of project workers and vehicles during construction has the potential to affect staff, patients, and students as well as the aesthetics of the environment.

Furthermore, the handling, storage, and use of construction materials and products (e.g., solvents, caulk, paints, glue, epoxy) may temporarily affect the air quality inside the facilities that are under improvement and may negatively affect staff, patients, and students.

5.7 Adverse Social Impacts

Improving the medical and educational infrastructure is expected to have long‐term social benefits. Negative social impacts such as the use of temporary workers from outside the immediate area and increased demand for goods, services, sanitation infrastructure, and food and water supplies during the influx of workers will require management through coordination and cooperation with facility managers and local leaders of the affected populations.

5.8 Increase in the Incidence of Disease

Construction workers from other regions may introduce diseases to the local population or increase the incidence of local infection. This is a particular concern with sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV. Healthcare, sanitation, solid waste facilities, and other facilities can also increase the presence of diseases. Improvements to the water supply may lead to an increase in the incidence of water‐borne diseases such as diarrhea and malaria if infrastructure is not properly designed and maintained.

5.9 Gender Issues

Activities under the Small Renovation Projects are not expected to significantly alter the building functions or services provided at health centers or schools. The primary gender consideration for the projects is related to the provision or improvement of water and sanitation services.

6 Environmental Mitigation

In order to mitigate the impacts of the Small Renovation Projects, AECOM will provide the selected Construction Contractors with the UEMMP Mitigation Plan (Table 3) that will describe the mandatory program‐level mitigation measures that require implementation.

Subsequently, through use of the site specific Environmental Monitoring and Evaluation

Tracking Table (Table 4), AECOM will track the effectiveness of the Construction

Contactor’s compliance with these mitigation measures as well as identify recommended adjustments or new mitigation measures that are needed. The environmental management approach will incorporate the following considerations and guidelines:

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Develop design documents and specifications that are based on national and international technical and environmental standards, as well as USAID Sector

Environmental Guidelines (USAID Small‐Scale Construction guidelines and Water and

Sanitation Projects guidelines will be used as appropriate;

http://www.usaidgems.org/sectorGuidelines.htm)

Ensure that facility improvements are designed, performed, and maintained by qualified professionals

Use non‐lead based paints

Dispose of excess materials and construction debris at an approved facility in a timely fashion

Provide potable water and appropriate sanitary and solid waste disposal facilities for use by the temporary workers

Assess and design existing and temporary sanitary facilities with consideration of the existing groundwater table elevation, presence of drinking water wells, and distance from the closest water bodies based on the site specific situation (existing capacity, private service options and government/public facilities)

Provide public pedestrian protections such as barrier fences and sidewalk sheds in accordance with local building code and international best practices

Provide adequate standard safety equipment and personal protective equipment

(PPE) for the workers

Control access at all sites to limit unauthorized individuals from entering the construction or renovation area

Manage traffic control patterns around construction areas for the safety of health care workers, patients, students, and staff

Consider removal or temporary relocation of medical waste containers when planning construction equipment and materials lay down areas and project work zones prior to project startup

Establish relationships within the community or governmental organizations to encourage the proper maintenance of newly constructed or rehabilitated infrastructure

Discuss plans and designs with health centers, school administrators, doctors, health agents and teachers, including women, to ensure that any newly designed toilet and hand‐washing facilities will offer equitable access to sanitation, including appropriate privacy, for both men and women, and discuss gender‐based differences in roles, attitudes, and concerns

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Table 2a: Environmental Screening Form Name of Activity: Small Renovation Projects Contractor/Grantee:

Type of Activity: Small-Scale Renovation Work Date:

IEE/ETD #: LAC-IEE-11-01 and LAC-IEE-11-03

Screening Category Screening Question

Column A:

Yes

Column B:

No

Column C:

If yes, is it a‐‐?

High Risk Medium Risk

Impact on Natural Resources and Communities

1 Will the project involve construction1 and/or reconstruction/rehabilitation of any type of structure (e.g., building, check dam, walls)?

X X

2 Will the project involve new construction2 and/or the repair, reconstruction, or rerouting of roads or trails?

X

3 Will the project involve the use of, involve plans to use, or involve training in the use of any chemical compounds such as pesticides3 (including neem), herbicides, paint, varnish, and lead‐based products?

X X

4 Will the project involve the construction or repair of irrigation systems?

X

5 Will the project involve training and/or implementation of agricultural practices/production including animal husbandry?

X

6 Will the project involve the construction or repair of fish ponds? X

7 Will the project involve the disposal of used engine oil? X

8 Will the project involve implementation of timber management4 extraction of forest products, clearing of forest cover, and/or conversion of forest land?

X

9 Are there any potentially sensitive terrestrial or aquatic areas near the project site, including protected areas, wetlands, critical wildlife habitat, and nesting areas?

X

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Screening Category Screening Question

Column A:

Yes

Column B:

No

Column C:

If yes, is it a‐‐?

High Risk Medium Risk

Impact on Natural Resources and Communities (cont.)

10 Will the project generate discharge pollutants such as airborne gases, liquids, and solids?

X X

11 Will the waste generated during or after project implementation affect the neighboring surface or groundwater?

X X

12 Will the project create objectionable odors? X X

13 Will the project violate air standard? X X

14 Will the project occur on steep slopes (slopes greater than 15%)? X

15 Will the project contribute to erosion? X

16 Is the project incompatible with existing land use in the vicinity? X

17 Will the project contribute to displacement of people (housing) or businesses?

X X

18 Will the project affect unique geologic, physical, cultural, and/or historic features?

X

19 Will the project have potential impacts to inhabitants, natural landscapes, or flora/fauna downstream from the project site?

X

20 Will the project contribute to a change in the amount of surface water in any water body?

X

21 Will the project have a direct or indirect impact on, or include actions involving, mangroves and coral reefs?

X

22 Will the project expose people or property to flooding? X

23 Will the project contribute substantial reduction in the amount of groundwater otherwise available for public water supplies?

24 Does the project/activity involve a sub grant component? X

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Screening Category Screening Question

Column A:

Yes

Column B:

No

Column C:

If yes, is it a‐‐?

High Risk Medium Risk

Environment and Health

25 Will the project create conditions that will encourage an increase of waterborne diseases or populations of disease‐carrying vectors?

X X

26 For road rehabilitation as well as water and sanitation grants, has a maintenance plan been submitted?

X

27 Will the project generate hazards or barriers for pedestrians, motorists, or persons with disabilities?

X

28 Will the project increase existing noise levels? X X

29 Will the project involve the disposal of syringes, gauzes, gloves, or other biohazard medical waste?

X

Local Planning Permits

30 Does the project involve infrastructure improvements or other types of improvements that require local planning permission(s)?

X N/A N/A

31 Does the project meet the national building code (e.g., infrastructure improvements)?

X N/A N/A

Gender5 32 Will men and women benefit disproportionately or will they be involved unequally in the project?

X

33 Will the project inhibit the equal involvement of men and women? X

34 Are there factors that will prevent women’s participation in the project?

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Screening Category Screening Question

Column A:

Yes

Column B:

No

Column C:

If yes, is it a‐‐?

High Risk Medium Risk

1 Construction projects need to be reviewed for scale, planned use, building code needs, and maintenance. New construction with a footprint greater than 1000 sq meters or 10,000 sq ft is considered large scale and high risk. Some small construction projects, such as building an entrance sign to a park, may require simple mitigations whereas larger buildings will require more extensive review and monitoring.

2 New construction of roads and trails are considered high risk and will require a full environmental assessment of the planned construction (i.e., a Positive Determination).

Any reroutes of a road or trail longer than 100 meters is considered high risk. Reroutes within a protected area, nearby a water source/wetlands, and/or archeological site are considered high risk.

3 The purchase of packaged store pesticides is included. The planned involvement of pesticides will trigger the need to develop a Supplemental Initial Environmental

Examination that meets USAID pesticide procedures (Pesticide Evaluation Report and Safer Use Action Plan) for the project.

4 Any activities that involve harvesting trees or converting forests are considered high risk and will require a full environmental assessment of the activity (i.e., Positive

Determination).

5 If the project/activity includes a subgrant component, each subgrantee will be required to prepare an EMPR prior to implementation of the subgrant.

Table 2b: Recommended Action

(a) The project has no potential for substantial adverse environmental effects. No further environmental review is required (Categorical

Exclusion). No EMP required.

(b) The project has potential for minimal to medium adverse environmental effects, but mitigable environmental effects. Measures to mitigate environmental effects will be incorporated (Negative Determination with Conditions). EMMP Required.

X

(c) The project has potentially substantial or significant adverse environmental effects, but requires more analysis to form a conclusion. An Environmental Assessment will be prepared (Positive Determination). No EMMP required.

(d) The project has potentially substantial adverse environmental effects, and revisions to the project design or location or the development of new alternatives is required (Deferral).

(e) The project has substantial and unmitigable adverse environmental effects. Mitigation is insufficient to eliminate these effects and alternatives are not feasible. The project is not recommended for funding.

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Table 3: Mitigation Plan

No.1 Subactivity or Component Description of Impact Mitigation Measures

1, 3, 10, 11, 30, Small construction/ renovation of facilities

(a) Transmission of diseases through improper temporary sanitation facilities or from waste, debris, or increased breeding ground for disease‐carrying vectors (e.g., insects and vermin)

(b) Contamination of local water supplies

(a) Provide adequate temporary sanitation facilities for on‐site workers, ensure waste disposal is to a municipally approved location in a timely manner, and enforce general good housekeeping and site cleanup

(b) Ensure proper separation distances between sanitation facilities and water supply infrastructure based on local lithology and groundwater conditions

(a) Risk of injury to construction workers, hospital staff, patients, students and teachers.

(b) Contamination from hazardous substances (e.g., paints, lubricants, fuels)

(a) Develop a health and safety plan that incorporates the safety of workers, hospital staff, patients, students, and teachers

(b) Provide and/or require appropriate PPE for workers, including hardhat, gloves, closed‐toe boots, and other equipment as necessary, and require their use for high‐risk activities

(c) Ensure Construction Contractor’s Health and Safety Plan includes provisions for effective storage of hazardous materials that are required for on‐site construction activities including appropriate primary and/or secondary containment, as well as, proper clean up equipment and disposal plans for leaks and/or spills (appropriate measures dependent upon volume of substance, project duration, on‐site uses and site specific environmental conditions)

Renovation work undertaken in buildings with patients or students has potential to cause inconvenience or even injuries to stakeholders

(a) Cordon off areas under construction

(b) Ensure good housekeeping and clean operations and immediately remove any rubble strewn outside construction areas

(c) Limit verbal noise or other forms of noise during renovation work inside medical and school buildings

(d) Use screens, tarps, or nets to avoid flying debris and dust

10, 11, 30, 31

Waste management Activities at construction sites will produce additional construction waste and in some cases disposal will pose a threat to the environment (cement, paints, lubricants,

(a) Cover collection and transfer vehicles along the route of transport to avoid windblown litter

(b) Ensure that vehicle maintenance plans provide for monitoring

UEMMP for Small Renovation Projects in Haiti Page 17

No.1 Subactivity or Component Description of Impact Mitigation Measures fuels, and detergents) and replacement of covers and tarps as required

(c) Seek guidance of local environmental officers to identify acceptable disposal sites and/or seek out best available disposal practices through collaboration and cooperation with relevant health clinic or school facility managers. Consider recycling or transport to better suited non‐local disposal sites as feasible

(d) Separate hazardous and non‐hazardous waste at the source

(e) Ensure Construction Contractor’s Health and Safety Plan includes provisions for effective storage of hazardous materials that are required for on‐site construction activities including appropriate primary and/or secondary containment, as well as, proper clean up equipment and disposal plans for leaks and/or spills (appropriate measures dependent upon volume of substance, project duration, on‐site uses and site specific environmental conditions)

13 Demolition, installation, and minor construction

(a) Sedimentation of surface water bodies

(b) Nuisance or endangerment of neighbors due to noise, dust, and debris

(c) Injury from falling or flying debris when demolishing walls

(a) Comply with work scope requirements and submit plans to minimize noise and dust impacts

(b) Apply water to minimize dust

(c) Cover rubble and soil in trucks during transport

(d) Dispose of waste in designated locations

(e) Provide spotters to ensure that falling or flying debris from work activities does not endanger surrounding pedestrians

10, 11, Painting Production of toxic substances such as lead and volatile organic compounds

(a) Provide adequate respiratory protection to all workers including organic vapor relief/dust masks if working in confined spaces

(b) Use non‐hazardous (non‐lead based) paints and chemicals and ensure proper ventilation

(c) Ensure Construction Contractor’s Health and Safety Plan includes provisions for effective storage of hazardous materials that are required for on‐site construction activities including appropriate primary and/or secondary containment, as well as, proper clean up equipment and disposal plans for leaks and/or spills (appropriate measures dependent upon volume of substance, UEMMP for Small Renovation Projects in Haiti Page 18

No.1 Subactivity or Component Description of Impact Mitigation Measures project duration, on‐site uses and site specific environmental conditions)

1, 3, 17 Temporary disruption of services

Facilities under renovation will not be closed and work activities may cause disruptions to normal work hours or activities.

(a) Plan pre‐construction meetings and activities early to identify suitable rooms or adjoining buildings into which to relocate patients, students, and/or staff with minimal inconvenience, especially for patients under intensive care.

(b) Phase the renovation so the entire facility is not disrupted at once

28 Noise Noise and vibration caused by machines, site vehicles, pneumatic drills, etc.

(a) Minimize the use of heavy‐duty equipment

(b) Limit noisy operations to certain times

(c) Limit noise levels to within an acceptable level

10, 11 Solid waste production

(a) Disease transmission/vector generation

(b) Contamination of soil and water

(c) Impacts to aesthetic environment

(a) Provide on‐site sanitary measures for capture and containment during construction (e.g., latrine, portable toilet)

(b) Dispose of solid waste at municipally approved location in a timely manner

(c) Ensure that runoff from waste areas and debris piles does not affect soil or water resources

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No.1 Subactivity or Component Description of Impact Mitigation Measures

SMALL‐SCALE WATER AND SANITATION IMPROVEMENTS ON SITE

25 Assessment, design, repair, construction and/or maintenance of temporary or permanent sanitary facilities including pit latrines, flush toilets, holding tanks, septic tanks and/or leach fields

(a) Contamination of drinking, ground, and surface water and/or aquatic ecosystems

(b) Disease transmission from lack of good hygiene practices such as hand washing

(a) Install temporary toilets or temporary pit latrines for temporary use during construction activities following National Water and Sanitation Directorate (DINEPA) standards

(b) As per USAID Water and Sanitation Project guidelines (http://www.usaidgems.org/sectorGuidelines.htm), assess the physical and environmental features of the site prior to developing site specific sanitation upgrades and repair plans including evaluation of hydrology, soil type, groundwater table depth, and seasonal fluctuations in precipitation and water table depth

(c) Seek guidance of local environmental officers to identify acceptable sanitary waste disposal sites and/or seek out best available disposal practices through collaboration and cooperation with relevant health clinic or school facility managers.

(d) Consider waste storage options, necessity for waste service providers and transportation to existing treatment facilities for temporary sanitation installations if existing systems cannot accommodate on‐site construction workers

(e) Place hand‐washing stations as needed

(f) Ensure that the pit slab and cover are properly made and installed to prevent contact between human waste and floodwater during heavy rains

(g) Incorporate locally acceptable ventilated improved pit latrine designs as feasible into repair and renovation of existing latrines

Land disturbance Land destabilization, erosion and/or sedimentation due to excavation/leveling of site or other construction activities

(a) Ensure that facility improvements are designed, performed, and maintained by qualified professionals

(b) Minimize the use of heavy machinery in order to prevent erosion, noise, and air pollution

(c) Re‐vegetate or stabilize disturbed areas immediately following construction activities to avoid excess runoff and erosion

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No.1 Subactivity or Component Description of Impact Mitigation Measures

(d) Put in place appropriate lining (PVC pipe) to counter the filling of the well bottom, soil destabilization, and collapse

(e) Dispose of construction waste/excavated materials and ensure that erosion and sedimentation controls and best management practices are in place for the protection of groundwater and surface water

Maintenance and use of potable water system

(a) Cracks or leaks in well heads, spring cappings, etc.

(b) Improper well head/water source protection

(a) Do not allow animals to drink directly from or congregate around the water source/fountain

(b) Ensure that facility managers are educated on the proper operation and maintenance of systems during handover activities including spare parts suppliers, monitoring of well head protection, and clearance of drains and drainage ways

1 Numbers indicate screening questions in Table 2a

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Table 4: Environmental Monitoring and Evaluation Tracking Table Type of Project: Small‐Scale Renovation Work

Project Name: Small Renovation Projects

Implementing Organization: AECOM

Location Name: Site Specific

Project Size: —

Nearby Communities: Site Specific

Senior Project Manager: Joseph Tuncel

Monitoring Period: Renovation Period

Date: —

# Mitigation Measure Responsible

Party

Monitoring Methods

Est.

Cost

Results

Recommended Adjustments Indicators Methods Frequency

Dates Monitored

Problems Encountered

Mitigation Effectiveness

1 Contractor Health & Safety Plan (H&SP)

Generated by Construction Contractor / Approved by

AECOM

H&SP developed and approved

Contractor trains employees on H&SP

H&SP posted and enforced by Contractor

Contrator H&SP reviewed for quality and conformance with Mitigation Plan; approved by

AECOM

AECOM site inspections

H&SP review and approval prior to construction

Weekly or bi‐ monthly site inspections to ensure H&SP enforcement

N/A 1

2 AECOM Site Monitoring / Quality Assurance (QA) Plan

AECOM /

Contractor

Contractor work quality meets AECOM project specific QA guidelines

Completeness of QA Plan (photos, site inspection remarks, construction schedule updates)

AECOM weekly site inspections

Photos, remarks, and/or construction deadlines

QA Plan generated prior to construction

Weekly or bi‐ monthly inspections

Weekly or bi‐ monthly submittals to USAID

N/A 1

3 Personal protective equipment (PPE) for workers including gloves, boots, vests, and respiratory protection

AECOM /

Contractor

Construction contractor has trained employees on proper use and maintenance of PPE

AECOM has provided customized training support to Construction Contractor on as needed basis

Workers use of appropriate PPE

Site inspections Weekly or bi‐ monthly inspections

Remarks/reporting on H&S conditions included in AECOM weekly or bi‐ monthly QA Plan submittals to

USAID

N/A 1

4 Waste segregated at source to separate hazardous from non‐hazardous waste

AECOM /

Contractor

Suitable waste storage receptacles and disposal areas identified and used

Photos, inspection, and/or installation of appropriate waste receptacles

Weekly or bi‐ monthly inspections

N/A 1

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# Mitigation Measure Responsible

Party

Monitoring Methods

Est.

Cost

Results

Recommended Adjustments Indicators Methods Frequency

Dates Monitored

Problems Encountered

Mitigation Effectiveness and determination final of waste disposition

5 (a) Non‐hazardous (non‐ lead based) paints and chemicals

(b) Proper ventilation

AECOM /

Contractor

Technical specification for paints

Areas of use properly ventilated

Workers wear proper PPE

Site inspection

Weekly or bi‐

UEMMP for Small Renovation Projects in Haiti Page 23

# Mitigation Measure Responsible

Party

Monitoring Methods

Est.

Cost

Results

Recommended Adjustments Indicators Methods Frequency

Dates Monitored

Problems Encountered

Mitigation Effectiveness

6 Eliminate or reduce nuisance issues (dust, noise, odors)

AECOM /

Contractor

Reported complaints from health clinic or school facility manager

Reported complaints from community or public officials related to nuisance issues

Unacceptable levels of dust, noise or odors observed during site inspection

Site inspection Weekly or bi‐

7 (a) Plan pre‐construction activities early to identify suitable rooms or adjoining buildings into which to relocate services with minimal inconvenience

(b) Renovation will be in phases so that the whole facility is not disrupted at once

AECOM /

Contractor

Project baseline schedule developed and coordinated with hospital or school administration

Baseline Project Schedule submitted

Prior to construction N/A 1

8 Ensure good housekeeping and clean operations and timely removal of rubble and debris around construction areas

AECOM /

Contractor

Reported complaints from community or users related to construction waste

Area outside of construction zone clean and free of construction debris

Site inspection Weekly or bi‐monthly inspections

N/A 1

9 Construction workers limit verbal noise or other forms of noise during renovation work inside medical or school buildings

AECOM /

Contractor

Reported complaints from health clinic or school facility manager

Posted signs

Site inspection Weekly or bi‐monthly inspections

N/A 1

10 Contractors use screens or nets to avoid flying debris and dust

AECOM /

Contractor

Reporte…