J.6a. JARPA Application Combined.pdf

Salvelinus confluentus Canis lupus

Oncorhynchus mykiss O. tshawytscha

Salvelinus confluentus Canis lupus

Oncorhynchus mykiss O. tshawytscha

DAVID CHILD Digitally signed by DAVID CHILD Date: 2020.10.16 13:41:36 -07'00'

ELIZABETH HEETHER Digitally signed by ELIZABETH HEETHER Date: 2020.10.16 13:49:25 -07'00'

E Leavenworth Rd

Snow Lakes Trailhead

Ici cle

Rd

Icicle Creek Rd

Fish Hatchery Rd

FishingAccess Rd

Cy o R d Ici cle Cr ee k R d

Intake Facilities

Forest Service Wilderness Area Kiosk

Structure 2

Structure 5 Spillway PoolLeavenworth

National Fish Hatchery

To

HWY 2

To HWY 2

H a t c h e r y

C h a n n e l f l o w > >

< < f l o w

I c i c l e C r ee k

H i s t o r n e l i c a l Ch a nC r e e k

I c i c l e

C r e e

I c i c l e k

£¤2

To LNFH

E L ea ve nw or th

Rd

Ici cle

Rd

Leavenworth

Potential Temporary Disturbance Area Staging Temporary Pump

Road LNFH Production Facilities and Associated Structures

Pipeline Rehabilitation Construction Vehicle Turnaround Temporary Access Routes Spillway Pool

!F Trailhead LNFH Sand Settling Basin and Inside and Outside Screen Chambers

Map 1-1 Project Area Overview

Land Ownership

Chelan County

Icicle Irrigation District

City of Leavenworth

Forest Service

Fish and Wildlife ServicePrivate Chelan-Douglas

Land Trust

Source: Reclamation GIS 2020 U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Columbia Cascades Area Office October 12, 2020 L_SWISP_intro_overview.mxd No warranty is made by Reclamation as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the data herein. This product was compiled from the best available data and is presented as visual aide only and does not represent actual survey data.

0 500 1,000 Feet

I c i c l e C r e e k

Map 2-2 Alternative A: No Action (Intake)

Conveyance Pipeline Stairs

Icicle Creek Rd

Intake Trashrack Structure

Gatehouse

Fish Ladder/ Sediment Sluice

Outlet Channel

Low-Head Diversion Dam

Intake Channel Intake Channel f l o w > >

Access Road f l o w > >

Source: Reclamation GIS 2020 U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Columbia Cascades Area Office October 12, 2020 L_SWISP_alts_AltAnoActionIntake.mxd No warranty is made by Reclamation as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the data herein. This product was compiled from the best available data and is presented as visual aide only and does not represent actual survey data.

0 50 100

Map 2-3 Conceptual Drawing of the Proposed Intake Facilities for the Action Alternatives Alternatives B, C, & D - Proposed Intake Facilities

I c i c l e C r e e k

Map 2-7 Alternative C (Intake)

Phase I Intake Facilities Gravity Bypass Outlet Gravity Bypass Pipeline Temporary Access Route

Phase II Conveyance Pipeline lined with Cure-in-Place Pipe

Icicle Creek Rd f l o w > > f l o w > >

Source: Reclamation GIS 2020 U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Columbia Cascades Area Office October 12, 2020 L_SWISP_alts_AltCproposedIntake.mxd No warranty is made by Reclamation as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the data herein. This product was compiled from the best available data and is presented as visual aide only and does not represent actual survey data.

0 50 100

Appendix 2. Construction Phases, Timing, and Additional Detail

Appendix 2-1

Appendix 2. Construction Phases, Timing, and Additional Detail Construction Phases, Timing, and Additional Detail Construction of the SWISP Project will occur in phases. Phase I includes construction of the intake access road and rehabilitation of the intake structures and facilities (e.g., fish screens and fish passage). Phase I includes all proposed in-water work. The in-water work window is between July 1 and November 15 each year; construction will be done over 2 years, including two in-water work windows (2022 and 2023). Phase I construction activities could occur up to 24 hours per day and up to 7 days per week. Per early and continued coordination with the USACE, this application is for Phase I of the project, which includes construction, removal, and placement of temporary and permanent fill materials within the Icicle Creek ordinary high water mark. There are no wetlands in the Phase I construction area.

Phase II includes replacement and lining of the conveyance pipeline. Phase II is not included in this application, because all construction would occur outside of the Icicle Creek ordinary high water mark, and there are no wetlands in the Phase II construction area.

Phase III includes revegetation of upland and riparian areas that are proposed to be disturbed during earlier phases of construction. Phase III is not included in this application, because all planting would occur outside of the Icicle Creek ordinary high water mark, and there are no wetlands in the planting area.

Additional detail for Phase I is provided in the following sections.

Phase I Mobilization and site preparation for Phase I construction will begin in March 2022, and finish by mid-April. Site preparation in the intake construction area will begin with installation of erosion control measures such as silt fencing (see JARPA Appendix 4, BMPs) at the boundary of the intake construction area, and clearing and grubbing within the intake construction area. Erosion control measures would be maintained in working order for the duration of the project.

The intake access road will be graded to facilitate intake construction area access. Intake access road construction will include breaking rocks and bedrock, removing boulders, and excavating and filling to the design grade to widen and extend the existing access road. A vehicle guardrail will also be installed on the creek side of the road. A crane will be used to unload construction materials from delivery trucks and move them to required construction areas. Access to the existing

Appendix 2-2 gatehouse/proposed PISMA location would also be graded. This construction will be done outside of and up to the Icicle Creek ordinary high water mark.

Following site preparation, cofferdam A will be installed. Three temporary cofferdam arrangements are proposed over the two in-water work window seasons, as shown in Figure 1. In the figure, Cofferdam Phase 1 is the same as cofferdam A, Cofferdam Phase 2 is cofferdam B, and Cofferdam Phase 3 is cofferdam C.

Figure 1, Rendering of Temporary Cofferdam Locations

Cofferdam A installation will begin in early July 2022, at the beginning of the in-water work window;

cofferdam A will be fully installed by late July. It will be removed no later than November 15, 2022.

Cofferdams B and C will be installed in sequence during the second in-water work window, in 2023.

They will be removed no later than November 15, 2023. Cofferdam durations, dewatered work areas, and purpose are summarized in Table 1.

Table 1 Temporary Cofferdam Phasing and Details

Cofferdam Duration Installed

Approximate Dewatered Work Area1

Fish Salvage

Required?

Purpose

A Early July 2022 to mid- 0.4 acres Yes

Partial demolition of low-head diversion dam and fish ladder/sediment sluice;

Appendix 2-3

Cofferdam Duration Installed

Approximate Dewatered Work Area1

Fish Salvage

Required?

Purpose

November construction and installation of headworks

B Early July 2023 to late August 2023

0.3 acres Yes

Construction and installation of creek-width roughened channel (north half) and low-flow boulder weir fishway;

fracture and removal of boulder; preparation of cofferdam C area

C Late August 2023 to early October

0.3 acres Yes Construction and installation of creek-width roughened channel (south half)

PISMA

sluiceway work area isolation2

Late July 2022 to mid- August 2022

0.1 acre Yes Construction of the PISMA sluiceway

Notes:

1 Cofferdam dewatered work area estimates are approximate. Estimates are for the dewatered area within the Icicle Creek ordinary high water mark.

2 This work area is typically dry during the work period, so this cofferdam is unlikely to be necessary.

During construction of Phase I while cofferdams are in place, existing fish passage will be maintained over the greatest stream width as possible, while maintaining a minimum depth of water at 0.8 feet (see JARPA Appendix 4, BMPs). During cofferdam installation and removal no wet crossings or heavy equipment use will occur in live water. Use of a long-reach excavator or crane will be used for constructing and removing the cofferdams, either from outside of the Icicle Creek ordinary high water mark, or from within a temporarily dewatered work area isolated from Icicle Creek by another cofferdam. Machinery and equipment will be removed from the dewatered work areas when not in active use, and during higher-flow conditions.

Temporary cofferdams will likely consist of geo-bags filled with approximately 1 cubic yard of sand and gravel,1stacked side-by-side and one atop another to achieve necessary dimensions. Once placed, the cofferdam will be wrapped with Visqueen2 or a similar material, eliminating interstitial spaces between the geo-bags to prevent impingement or entrapment of fish. The cofferdam design is estimated to be approximately 12 feet wide at the base with a tapered width as it rises to approximately 9 feet. Due to the uneven, cobbly to rocky nature of the Icicle Creek streambed in the intake construction area, an excavator working from adjacent uplands (or for cofferdam C, within the dewatered work area of cofferdam B) will be used to level the streambed in the cofferdam

1 Geo-bags, or non-woven geotextile bags, are large bags made of synthetic materials, such as polyester, polypropylene, or polyethylene, which are filled with sand, rock, or other material. They are fastened shut and used to protect structures or riverbanks from erosion or scour.

2 Visqueen is a brand of low-density polyethylene plastic sheeting.

Appendix 2-4 footprint area. If use of a jackhammer is necessary to fracture rocks within the stream, it will be used in the dewatered cofferdam area. Some of the streambed materials removed will be hauled to a staging area (see Map 1-1 in JARPA Appendix 1) and stockpiled for later use in construction of the roughened channel, and material that cannot be reused will be removed and properly disposed of in a landfill. Once the streambed is prepared, cofferdam geo-bags will be placed by a crane or excavator operating from adjacent uplands (or from within a dewatered work area). Additional details on the amount and type of fills and removals associated with temporary cofferdams is included in Section 8e of the JARPA.

During streambed preparation and cofferdam installation, water quality monitoring will occur to ensure turbidity downstream of the construction does not exceed allowable levels, in compliance with conservation measures developed during Endangered Species Act Section 7 consultation with the USFWS. Should observed turbidity exceed allowable levels at the point of compliance specified in the conservation measure, in-water construction will temporarily stop until turbidity has cleared.

In-water construction could then recommence at a slower rate to minimize generated turbidity.

Monitoring and additional temporary work stoppages would occur as needed in accordance with the conservation measure.

Once cofferdams are installed, the area behind the cofferdam will be temporarily dewatered using one or more sump pumps, and qualified biologists from the USFWS Mid-Columbia Fish & Wildlife Conservation Office would salvage any fish inadvertently trapped within the area to be dewatered.

During dewatering, Reclamation will adhere to the USFWS (2012) Recommended Fish Exclusion, Capture, Handling, and Electroshocking Protocols and Standards for bull trout. Pumps used to temporarily bypass water or to dewater work areas will be screened to prevent aquatic life from entering the intake. Fish screens or guards will comply with the most recent fish screening guidelines for anadromous salmonids prescribed by the NMFS (see JARPA Appendix 4, BMPs).

All exterior (stream-facing) walls of cofferdams will be smooth and free of joints to reduce impingement or entrapment of ESA-listed fish species, or other fish, present in Icicle Creek. The construction contractor will conduct visual inspections of the cofferdams on a regular basis to ensure they are maintained in functioning condition. During visual inspections, and fish observed impinged or entrapped in the cofferdam structure of other associated appurtenances (e.g., guywires) will be reported immediately to the on-site inspector, who will immediately contact the USFWS Mid- Columbia Fish & Wildlife Conservation Office. The contractor will not handle or remove fish (live or dead). Staff from the Mid-Columbia Fish & Wildlife Conservation Office will investigate the impingement or entrapment and record pertinent information (such as data on species, size, likely reason for impingement, and other environmental conditions assumed to contribute to impingement) and will share information with USFWS Ecological Services. The contractor will implement any mitigation measures developed by USFWS Ecological Services, in consultation with Reclamation, to reduce or prevent further impingement or entrapment.

Partial demolition of the low-head diversion dam and fish ladder/sediment sluice, and notching of the low-head diversion dam where the low-flow fishway would be built in the 2023 in-water work window, will be done using 30-pound pneumatic tools (i.e., jackhammers). Jackhammers would likely be an attachment to the excavator, but, for smaller rocks, a hand-held jackhammer could be used. Such tools typically generate sound levels of approximately 85 A-weighted decibels (dBA), Appendix 2-5 measured 50 feet from the tool (Federal Highway Administration 2006); however, noise levels will be higher closer to the tool. For instance, a 35-pound pneumatic breaker tool is listed as generating 106 dBA, though the distance from the tool is not specified (Ingersoll Rand 2014). Demolition will be done from outside of the Icicle Creek ordinary high water mark, or in dewatered work areas, behind a temporary cofferdam. Demolished materials will be removed to an upland location for disposal in a landfill.

Similarly, construction of the headworks and retaining wall will be conducted in dewatered work areas behind a temporary cofferdam. Fill for the headworks would consist of approximately 1,733 cubic yards of earthen material and 410 cubic yards of reinforced concrete (see Section 8e of the JARPA, Fills and Removals Within and Adjacent to Icicle Creek). A foundational base would be first poured to form stem walls, and the base will be placed with rebar extending upwards to help anchor the wall to the base. Over excavation of a minimum of 3 feet into the Icicle Creek streambed will be done with an excavator working in the dewatered work area, with structural compacted backfill replaced in this area to support the stem walls.

Demolition would begin in late July 2022 and last approximately 1 month; formwork, reinforcing, and pouring concrete for the headworks and retaining walls will begin in August 2022 and last approximately 2 months. Concrete will be left to cure for a minimum of 4 days before cofferdams are removed (see JARPA Appendix 4, BMPs). Approximately 0.15 acres of Icicle Creek below the ordinary high water mark will be permanently lost due to construction of the proposed intake facilities.

Following construction of the intake structure, Reclamation will install two 30-inch diameter self-cleaning, cylindrical fish screens that meet current NMFS criteria for anadromous salmonids (NMFS 2011), as required by the NMFS biological opinion for LNFH operations (NMFS 2017a). Per the construction specifications, screens will have a design approach velocity that will not exceed 0.4 feet per second at the maximum design flow measured at 3 inches from the screen. The working deck at a minimum of 1 foot above the 100-year floodwater surface elevation will be constructed as part of the intake headworks structure then the fish screens will be placed in the guide-channels integrated into the structure. The mechanics to raise and lower the fish screens will be located on the working deck. The fish screen structure will be oriented such that the screens will be as close to parallel with the direction of streamflow as possible, to provide NMFS-compliant sweeping velocities. Screens will be installed in late October to early November 2022. An excavator will lift the screens into place from the working deck and would not require equipment in the water.

Demolition of the existing gatehouse and construction of the PISMA will take approximately 3 weeks, from late July 2022 to mid-August 2022. These could occur concurrently with cofferdam placement, however, it is likely that cofferdam placement will be prioritized to occur before gatehouse demolition and PISMA construction due to construction area size constraints and equipment access considerations. The construction area will be mostly contained within the existing gatehouse footprint. This area is located approximately 20 feet from the Icicle Creek ordinary high water mark, and outside of the 100-year floodplain. Erosion control BMPs (see JARPA Appendix 4, BMPs) will be in place to prevent sediment transport to Icicle Creek during construction. Access

Appendix 2-6 to the construction site will be established from the intake access road during site preparation, which is described above in this section.

The PISMA sluiceway pipe is proposed to extend from the PISMA into the existing outlet channel, which is a compacted, human-modified feature created from historical, periodic sluicing of up to 54 cfs from the gatehouse. This activity has also created a hydraulic low spot where sluiced water exits the gatehouse and plunges into the outlet channel. The existing low spot presents a fish stranding hazard during sluicing activities. The 24-inch diameter sluiceway pipe will extend into the existing outlet channel, and approximately 30 feet into/below the Icicle Creek ordinary high water mark.

This would remove the existing fish stranding hazard with buried pipe and the area would be regraded and vegetated. The upper portion of the existing gatehouse outlet channel, which is proposed to be bypassed by the proposed sluiceway pipeline, will be returned to a pre-project (pre- 1939) condition. There will be herbaceous and shrub vegetation planted in this area (see Phase III).

The lower section of the outlet channel will remain in its compacted, human-modified state, below the sluiceway pipe outlet. The sluiceway pipe outlet will discharge at the existing grade to avoid creating an undercut or pond.

Though the sluiceway pipe would extend approximately 30 feet into/below the Icicle Creek ordinary high water mark, this area is typically dry during the summer months when construction is proposed.3 As such, the sluiceway pipeline is not proposed to be constructed within the confines of a temporary cofferdam, and Reclamation does not anticipate dewatering or fish salvage to be necessary. The sluiceway pipeline will be placed in the upper portion of the existing outlet channel.

This is also part of the PISMA and will be about a 30 foot run down the existing channel. An excavator will work from the side of the channel with the work area anticipated to be dry. However, if water were present in the construction area during the construction period of late July 2022 to mid-August 2022, the construction area will be isolated from Icicle Creek. This could likely be accomplished with a minimal cofferdam system (e.g., consisting of weed-free straw bales and Visqueen or similar materials). If isolation of the construction area is needed, dewatering and fish salvage will be conducted in accordance with the protocols described for the temporary cofferdams, above. All fish salvage activities will be conducted by the USFWS Mid-Columbia Fish & Wildlife Conservation Office. Even if no cofferdam is needed, sediment control measures (see JARPA Appendix 4, BMPs) in compliance with the construction stormwater protection plan will be installed to prevent sediment mobilization into Icicle Creek.

During Phase I construction, specifically for nearly the duration of the in-water work window in 2022, temporary Hatchery water (40 cfs) will primarily be supplied by a gravity-fed diversion. The 24-inch gravity bypass pipeline will divert water from Icicle Creek, and deliver it to the existing conveyance pipeline at a point approximately 300 feet below the existing gatehouse. The gravity bypass pipeline intake will be placed in Icicle Creek, just upstream of the existing low-head diversion dam. It will be rigid pipe weighted to keep it in place during variable flows, likely through attachment to ecology blocks or geo-bags. The gravity bypass pipeline will run from that point to the gravity bypass outlet on the exiting conveyance pipeline. The gravity bypass pipeline intake will have a trashrack to prevent large debris from entering it, but it would not be screened to NMFS-

3 Email from E. Heether, Reclamation, to M. Trieger, EMPSi, on October 6, 2020. Subject: Re: [EXTERNAL] SWISP BA - PISMA outlet channel.

Appendix 2-7 compliant standards. The trashrack will not be a fine mesh screen but likely rebar fashioned into a screen to prevent debris entry.

Until mid-July 2022, Hatchery water will be supplied by the diversion at the existing intake facilities.

The gravity bypass pipeline will be placed in Icicle Creek in mid-July 2022. After this time, there will be an approximately 1-week period where diversion from the existing intake facilities are ceased, and pumping from the spillway pool will be used to supply the temporary Hatchery water supply of 40 cfs. This will be necessary as the gravity bypass pipeline/conveyance pipeline connection point is made. Two pumps will be used to supply temporary water. The diesel-powered pumps will be outside of the Icicle Creek ordinary high water mark, and water quality BMPs (see JARPA Appendix 4, BMPs) would prevent fuels from entering Icicle Creek. At the end of this 1-week period, in late July, the gravity bypass pipeline would be operational and supplying the temporary Hatchery water supply of 40 cfs.

This will continue to early November 2022. At this time, there will be a similar 1-week switch to pumping from the spillway pool while the gravity bypass pipeline/conveyance pipeline connection point was removed, and flow was initiated through the newly installed intake structure and NMFS-compliant fish screens. At this point, the gravity bypass intake and pipeline will be removed.

Cofferdam A (and if used, the PISMA sluiceway cofferdam) will be removed by mid-November (and no later than November 15) 2022. During reintroduction of Icicle Creek flows to the previously dewatered work area, Reclamation will adhere to the USFWS (2012) Recommended Fish Exclusion, Capture, Handling, and Electroshocking Protocols and Standards for Bull Trout. These recommend that flows be reintroduced gradually to minimize the intensity of sediment mobilization and resultant turbidity downstream of construction. During cofferdam removal, turbidity monitoring will occur;

as described above, in-water construction will temporarily cease if turbidity levels are greater than expected.

Following Phase I construction in areas outside the Icicle Creek ordinary high water mark, in approximately mid-November 2022, hydroseeding of disturbed areas that do not have a surface treatment (e.g., gravel) with an upland or riparian herbaceous plant seed mix, as appropriate, will occur. Seed mixes are described in the Draft Leavenworth National Fish Hatchery Intake Planting Plan, which is currently in preparation. Seed mixes will be applied at a rate of 20 pounds per acre, while the ground is free of snow. Additional seeding, and shrub and tree planting activities will occur under Phases II and III, respectively, as described below.

During the 2023 in-water work window, the low-flow boulder weir fishway and roughened channel will be constructed. Construction will begin with installation of cofferdam B to isolate the work area in the northern half of Icicle Creek (stream left, when viewed looking downstream). Cofferdam details, installation methods, and protocols for fish salvage are described above. During cofferdam installation and removal no wet crossings or heavy equipment use will occur in live water. Use of a long-reach excavator or crane will be used for constructing the cofferdams. The large boulder (see JARPA Section 8e) will be fractured and removed from Icicle Creek, using 30-pound jackhammers as described for other demolition above. This will be approximately in late July 2023. Construction of the low-flow boulder weir fishway, followed by construction of the northern portion of the roughened channel, will be done between late July 2023 and late August 2023, at which time cofferdam C will be constructed and cofferdam B will be removed. Construction of the remaining

Appendix 2-8 portion of the roughened channel will commence after cofferdam C is completed in early September 2023; construction will be complete by late October 2023, at which time cofferdam C would be removed.

Construction of, removal of, and access to and from the cofferdam C area may be done by a number of methods. For example, the construction contractor may use a long-reach excavator or crane to place the cofferdam from the intake headworks built during the 2022 in-water work window, or an excavator or crane working in the dewatered area behind cofferdam B may place cofferdam C. Access to cofferdam C may be provided by a temporary steel or wooden beam bridge constructed between the intake headworks and the cofferdam area. During cofferdam removal, the contractor may shift the cofferdam footprint incrementally, essentially creating a dewatered egress route. No matter the methods used to construct, access, and remove the cofferdam, there will be no wet crossings or heavy equipment use in live water, and fish passage will be maintained over the greatest stream width as possible, while maintaining a minimum depth of water at 0.8 feet (see JARPA Appendix 4, BMPs).

The low-flow boulder weir fishway will be constructed by built-up repetitive rock placement of increasing sizes. Rocks will be placed by an excavator working from within the cofferdam B dewatered work area, or from the working deck of the intake headworks. The fishway will consist of a riprap rock-armored, grouted channel with chevron-shaped boulder weirs. 35 cubic yards of boulders will be placed (see JARPA Section 8e). The boulder weirs will provide drops of 0.9 feet across each weir at the design flow. The boulder sizes vary up the cross-sectional slope of the fishway; the center, anchor boulder of each weir, at channel invert, is the largest. During construction, the anchor boulder will be used to fine tune the depth of the pool at the design flow.

Concrete grouting of the boulders will be necessary to prevent movements with higher flows up to the 100-year discharge. Grouting will be placed using a concrete pumping truck from the shoreline or working deck of the intake headworks. Approximate 290 cubic yards of concrete will be used for construction of both the low-flow boulder weir fishway and the roughened channel. The location of the fishway on stream left helps provide the needed sweeping velocities in front of the fish screens.

The 195-foot long creek-width roughened channel (approximately 19,760 square feet) will be constructed with riprap rock, but most of the rocks will not be concreted into place. Some concrete (290 cubic yards between the low-flow boulder weir fishway and roughened channel) will be used to anchor the larger rocks in place as well as to add smaller rocks on top of the larger rock to fill interstitial spaces and cover exposed concrete. This construction would be accomplished using excavators and front-end loaders, which will dump rock within the confines of the cofferdam B and C dewatered work areas. Concreted riprap will be used for the crest of the roughened channel (i.e., the dam crest) to help withstand high flows. The rock “cap” will actually increase the dam elevation slightly compared with the existing low-head diversion dam elevation and will be placed irregularly across the new crest to look more natural. Suitable boulders removed from Icicle Creek during cofferdam installation and other construction in the cofferdammed areas will be reused for construction of the roughened channel. The northern half of the creek-width roughened channel will be constructed behind cofferdam B, and the southern half will be constructed behind cofferdam

Appendix 2-9

C. Cofferdams B and C will be removed no later than November 15, 2023. Rewatering work areas will follow the same procedures described for rewatering the cofferdam A work area, above.

Because Phase I construction could occur up to 24 hours per day, nighttime construction is expected. Diesel generators will power construction lighting, including lighting in the intake construction area and potentially in dewatered work areas. Diesel generators will be located outside of Icicle Creek. In most cases the generators will be located at least 50 feet away from the creek, and refill diesel would be at least 250 feet away. Generators placed in a secondary containment could be located closer to the creek. Water quality protection BMPs (see JARPA Appendix 4, BMPs) will ensure fuels from generators do not enter Icicle Creek.

Literature Cited Anglin, D. R., J. J. Skalicky, D. Hines, and N. Jones. 2013. Icicle Creek Fish Passage Evaluation for

The Leavenworth National Fish Hatchery. US Fish and Wildlife Service, Columbia River Fisheries Program Office, Vancouver, Washington.

Federal Highway Administration. 2006. Construction Noise Handbook. Internet website:

https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/Environment/noise/construction_noise/handbook/

Ingersoll Rand. 2014. Product Information Manual: Paving Breaker Models PB35A, PB35AS, PB50A, & PB50AS. Internet website: https://www.ingersollrand.com/en-us/power-tools/products/construction-tools/pavement-breakers/pb-series.html.

NMFS (National Marine Fisheries Service). 2011. Anadromous Salmonid Passage Facility Design.

National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Region, Portland, Oregon.

_____. 2017a Endangered Species Act (ESA) Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson- Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) Consultation, Leavenworth National Fish Hatchery Spring Chinook Salmon Program (Reinitiation 2016). National Marine Fisheries Service, West Coast Region, Portland, Oregon.

Reclamation (US Bureau of Reclamation). 2020. Surface Water Intake Screening and Fish Passage 2D Hydraulic Modeling. Leavenworth National Fish Hatchery. Technical Report No. ENV- 2020-046. Technical Service Center, Denver, Colorado.

USFWS (US Fish and Wildlife Service). 2011. Biological Opinion for the Operations and Maintenance (O&M) of the LNFH and Effects on the Threatened Bull Trout (Salvelinus confluentus) and Its Designated Critical Habitat. USFWS Reference No. 13260-2011-F-0048 and 13260-2011-P-0002. Wenatchee, Washington.

_____. 2012. Recommended Fish Exclusion, Capture, Handling, and Electroshocking Protocols and Standards. Lacey, Washington.

SWISP Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement B-1

Appendix B. Best Management Practices 1

B.1 Best Management Practices 2

To minimize impacts on resources from the Proposed Action, the best management practices 3 (BMPs) described in Table B-1 would be implemented. BMPs are drawn from the following 4 sources: 5

Biological opinions for LNFH operations, issued by the USFWS (addressing threatened Bull 6 Trout; USFWS 2011) and by the NMFS (addressing endangered spring Chinook Salmon and 7 threatened Steelhead; NMFS 2015, NMFS 2017a). 8

General Conservation Measures (GCMs) for ESA-listed salmonids in the programmatic 9 biological opinion for USACE permitting of fish passage and restoration actions in 10 Washington State (FPRPIII; NMFS 2017a). 11

GCMs for Bull Trout and other ESA-listed salmonids in the programmatic biological 12 opinion for the Washington State fish passage and habitat enhancement and restoration 13 program (NMFS and USFWS 2008)1. 14

Measures described in the construction specifications, including measures associated with 15 site layout, temporary access, staging and stockpile areas, equipment use, erosion control, 16 dust abatement, timing of in-water work and worksite isolation, and spill prevention and 17 control. 18

Reclamation would also obtain required regulatory permits and implement terms and conditions 19 contained therein. If permit requirements, best management practices, or other measures contradict 20 each other, the contract specification requires that the contractor abide by the most stringent of 21 requirements. A list of general, applicable permit conditions is included following Table B-1. 22

1 This combined agency programmatic biological opinion expired on December 31, 2013. The USACE and NMFS reinitiated consultation and NMFS has issued subsequent biological opinions for the nationwide permit program.

However, the USACE has been operating under consultation extensions from USFWS, with the most recent extension expiring December 31, 2020. Reclamation anticipates that ESA Section 7 consultation with the USFWS for the SWISP Project will result in similar conservation measures as those contained in the expired programmatic biological opinion.

B. Best Management Practices

B-2 SWISP Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement

Table B-1. Best Management Practices 1

Resource Topic Best Management Practice

General Heavy equipment use will be limited to that with the least adverse effects on the environment (e.g.

minimally-sized, low ground pressure equipment, use of matting, etc.; NMFS 2017a).

Conduct operations to prevent unnecessary destruction, scarring, or defacing of natural surroundings in the vicinity of the work.

Air Quality and Climate Dust control and abatement measures will be implemented during construction.

Vehicle traffic on unpaved surfaces would be limited to 10 miles per hour to minimize dust generation.

Vehicle traffic on government rights-of-way, dirt roads, and paved roads through LNFH property would be limited to 10 miles per hour.

Prevent, control, and abate dust pollution on government rights-of-way.

Provide labor, equipment, and materials, and use efficient methods wherever and whenever required to prevent dust nuisance or damage to persons, property, or activities.

Provide means for eliminating atmospheric discharges of dust during mixing, handling, and storing of cement, pozzolan, and concrete aggregate.

Use reasonably available methods and devices to prevent, control, and otherwise minimize atmospheric emissions or discharges of air contaminants.

Do not operate equipment and vehicles that show excessive exhaust gas emissions until corrective repairs or adjustments reduce such emissions to acceptable levels.

Geology and Soils The number of temporary access roads will be minimized and roads will be designed to avoid adverse effects like creating excessive erosion (NMFS 2017a).

Temporary roads and trails across slopes greater than 30 percent will be avoided when feasible

(NMFS 2017a).

Existing roadways or travel paths will be used whenever possible (NMFS 2017a).

Water Resources (Stream Conditions)

Coffer dam placement will maintain natural stream flow, minus the 40 cfs diversion to the hatchery, within the greatest amount of natural streambed width as possible.

Additional flow outage shall require the prior written approval of the COR, and of appropriate Federal and State water quality control agencies.

SWISP Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement B-3

Resource Topic Best Management Practice

Water Resources (Water Quality)

General Perform construction activities by methods that will prevent entrance, or accidental spillage, of solid matter, contaminants, debris, or other pollutants or wastes into streams, flowing or dry watercourses, lakes, wetlands, reservoirs, or underground water sources.

Measures shall be taken to ensure that no petroleum products, hydraulic fluid, fresh cement, sediments, sediment-laden water, chemicals, or any other toxic or deleterious materials are allowed to enter or leach into waters of the U.S. (NMFS 2017a).

The use of acids for cleaning or preparing concrete surfaces for repair will not be permitted.

In-water work

Prepare a Work Area Isolation Plan for all work below the bankfull elevation requiring flow diversion or isolation. Include the sequencing and schedule of dewatering and rewatering activities, plan view of all isolation elements, as well as a list of equipment and materials to adequately provide appropriate redundancy of all key plan functions (e.g., an operational, properly sized backup pump and/or generator) (NMFS 2017a).

Use of rapidly deployable prefabricated cofferdam systems would minimize impacts to subgrade and surrounding water.

When conducting in-water or bank work, machine hydraulic lines will be filled with vegetable oil for the duration of the project to minimize impacts of potential spills and leaks. If this conservation measure is not practicable, the applicant will propose alternative BMPs to avoid the discharge of hydraulic fluids to the aquatic environment. If this conservation measure is not practical the applicant will use low-hour machinery (NMFS 2017a).

Spill prevention and clean-up kits will be on site when heavy equipment is operating within 25 feet of the water (NMFS 2017a).

To the extent feasible, work requiring use of heavy equipment will be completed by working from the top of the bank (i.e. landward of the OHWM or extreme high tide line) (NMFS 2017a).

Equipment shall be checked daily for leaks and any necessary repairs shall be completed prior to commencing work activities around the water (NMFS 2017a).

Equipment will cross the stream in-water only under the following conditions: (NMFS 2017a).

o A. Equipment is free of external petroleum-based products, soil and debris has been removed from the drive mechanisms and undercarriage; and o B. The substrate is bedrock or coarse rock and gravel; or o C. Mats or logs are used in soft bottom situations to minimize compaction while driving across streams; and

B-4 SWISP Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement

Water Resources (Water Quality, continued) o D. Stream crossings will be performed at right angles (90 degrees) to the bank if possible; and o E. No stream crossings will be performed at spawning sites when spawners of ESA listed fishes are present or eggs or juvenile fish could be in the gravel; and o F. The number of crossings will be minimized.

Project operations will cease under high flow conditions that could inundate the project area, except as necessary to avoid or minimize resource damage (NMFS 2017a).

If high flow or high tide conditions that may cause siltation are encountered during a project, work shall stop until the flow subsides or the tide falls (NMFS 2017a).

Where practicable, a turbidity and/or debris containment device shall be installed prior to commencing in-water work (NMFS 2017a).

When working in-water, some turbidity monitoring may be required, subject to the Corps permit requirements or CWA section 401 certification. Turbidity monitoring generally is required when working in streams with more than 40 percent fines (silt/clay) in the substrate. Turbidity will be monitored only when turbidity generating work takes place, for example, installation of coffer dams, pulling the culvert in-water, reintroducing water. The applicant will measure the duration and extent of the turbidity plume (visible turbidity above background) generated. The data will be submitted to the Corps, NMFS, and the USFWS immediately following project construction. Turbidity measurements will be taken in NTUs and are used by project proponents to develop procedures to minimize turbidity and estimate take for future projects (NMFS 2017a).

Equipment used in the instream channel will have containment methods to address possible fuel and oil leaks.

Erosion and spill prevention and control A Temporary Erosion and Sediment Control plan and a Spill Prevention Control and Containment plan, commensurate with the size of the project, must be prepared and carried out to prevent pollution caused by surveying or construction operations (NMFS 2017a).

A Spill Prevention, Control, and Clean-Up plan will be prepared prior to construction for every project that utilizes motorized equipment or vehicles (NMFS 2017a).

A spill prevention and countermeasures plan (SPCC) in accordance with 40 CFR, Part 112 is required where release of oil and oil products could reasonably be expected to enter into or upon navigable waters of the United States or adjoining shorelines in quantities that may be harmful (40 CFR, Part 110), and aggregate on site oil storage capacity is over 1,320 gallons. Only containers with capacity of 55 gallons and greater are included in determining on site aggregate storage capacity.

SWISP Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement B-5

Water Resources (Water Quality, continued)

Erosion and spill prevention and control, continued o Prevent, stop, and control spills or leaks during construction activities:

o Stop source of spill or leak.

o Stop migration of spill or leak.

o Place berm of sorbent material around perimeter of spill.

o Solidify free standing oil.

A supply of emergency erosion control materials will be on hand and temporary erosion controls will be installed and maintained in place until site restoration is complete (NMFS 2017a).

Landward erosion control methods shall be used to prevent silt-laden water from entering waters of the U.S. These may include, but are not limited to, filter fabric, temporary sediment ponds, check dams of pea gravel-filled burlap bags or other material, and/or immediate mulching of exposed areas (NMFS 2017a).

Control pollutants by use of sediment and erosion controls, wastewater and stormwater management controls, construction site management practices, and other controls including State and local control requirements.

Sediment and Erosion Controls:

o Establish methods for controlling sediment and erosion which address vegetative practices, structural control, silt fences, straw dikes, sediment controls, and operator controls as appropriate.

o Institute stormwater management measures as required, including velocity dissipators, and solid waste controls which address controls for building materials and offsite tracking of sediment.

Pollution Prevention Measures:

o Use methods of dewatering, unwatering, excavating, or stockpiling earth and rock materials which include prevention measures to control silting and erosion, and which will intercept and settle any runoff of sediment-laden waters.

o Prevent wastewater from general construction activities such as drainwater collection, aggregate processing, concrete batching, drilling, grouting, or other construction operations, from entering flowing or dry watercourses without the use of approved turbidity control methods.

o Divert stormwater runoff from upslope areas away from disturbed areas.

B-6 SWISP Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement

Water Resources (Water Quality, continued)

Erosion and spill prevention and control, continued Turbidity Prevention Measures:

o Use methods for prevention of excess turbidity which include, but are not restricted to, intercepting ditches, settling ponds, gravel filter entrapment dikes, flocculating processes, recirculation, combinations thereof, or other approved methods that are not harmful to aquatic life.

o Wastewaters discharged into surface waters shall meet conditions of Clean Water Act section 402, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit.

o Do not operate mechanized equipment in waterbodies without having first obtained a Clean Water Act section 404 permit, and then only as necessary to construct crossings or perform the required construction.

Clean up spills or leaks in a manner that complies with applicable Federal, State, and local laws and regulations.

Dispose of spilled or leaked materials:

o Handle and dispose of spilled or leaked materials contaminated with 50 ppm or greater polychlorinated biphenyls.

o Handle and dispose of spilled or leaked materials not contaminated or contaminated with less than 50 ppm polychlorinated biphenyls in accordance with applicable Federal, State, and local regulations.

Discharge water and wastes All discharge water created by construction (e.g. concrete washout, pumping for work area isolation, vehicle wash water, drilling fluids) will be treated to avoid negative water quality and quantity impacts. Removal of fines may be accomplished with bioswales; concrete washout water with an altered pH, may be infiltrated (NMFS 2017a).

Wastewater from project activities and water removed from within the work area shall be routed to an upland disposal site (landward of the OHWM or extreme high tide line) to allow removal of fine sediment and other contaminants prior to being discharged to the waters of the U.S. (NMFS 2017a).

All waste material such as construction debris, silt, excess dirt or overburden resulting from this project will generally be deposited above the limits of flood water in an upland disposal site.

However, material from pushup dikes may be used to restore microtopography (e.g., filling drainage channels) (NMFS 2017a).

SWISP Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement B-7

Water Resources (Water Quality, continued)

Storage and staging When not in use, vehicles and equipment containing oil, fuel, and/or chemicals will be stored in a staging area located at least 150 feet from the Corps’ jurisdictional boundary of wetlands and waterbodies. If possible, staging will be located at least 300 feet away from the Corps’ jurisdictional boundary of wetlands and waterbodies, and on impervious surfaces to prevent spills from reaching ground water. If moving equipment between the staging area and the worksite would create unacceptable levels of disturbance (for example, requiring multiple stream crossings, multiple passes over sensitive vegetation), a closer staging location with an adequate spill prevention plan may be proposed (NMFS 2017a).

Equipment will not be stored overnight in the instream channel.

Do not stockpile or deposit excavated materials or other construction materials, near or on, stream banks, lake shorelines, or other watercourse perimeters where they can be washed away by high water or storm runoff or can in any way encroach upon the watercourse.

Petroleum Product Storage Tanks Management.

o Place oil or other petroleum product storage tanks at least 20 feet from streams, flowing or dry watercourses, lakes, wetlands, reservoirs, and any other water source.

o Do not use underground storage tanks.

o Construct storage area dikes at least 12 inches high or graded and sloped to permit safe containment of leaks and spills equal to storage tank capacity located in the area plus sufficient freeboard to contain the 25-year rainstorm. Line diked areas with an impermeable barrier at least 50 mils thick.

o Areas for refueling operations: Lined with impermeable barrier at least 40 mils thick covered with 2 to 4 inches of soil.

Reclamation of temporary disturbance All temporary access will be removed (including gravel surfaces) and planted after project completion (NMFS 2017a).

Within 7 calendar days from project completion, any disturbed bank and riparian areas shall be protected using native vegetation or other erosion control measures as appropriate. For erosion control, sterile grasses may be used in lieu of native seed mixes. Alternative methods (e.g. spreading timber harvest slash) may be used for erosion control if approved by the Corps (NMFS 2017a).

B-8 SWISP Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement

Water Resources (Water Rights) A total of 40 cfs shall be continuously provided to the LNFH during Phase I construction.

A total of 20 cfs shall be continuously provided to the LNFH during Phase II construction activities taking place from April 17 to May 20.

Biological Resources (Vegetation)

Preserve natural landscape and preserve and protect existing vegetation not required or otherwise authorized to be removed.

Protect vegetation from damage or injury caused by construction operations, personnel, or equipment by the use of protective barriers or other approved methods.

Minimize, to the greatest extent practicable, clearings and cuts through vegetation.

Do not use trees for anchorages except in emergency cases or as approved by Reclamation. Where approved, wrap the trunk with a sufficient thickness of approved protective material before rope, cable, or wire is placed.

Use safety ropes where tree climbing is necessary; do not use climbing spurs.

Before bringing construction equipment on site, clean it to remove dirt, vegetation, and other organic material to prevent introduction of noxious weeds, and invasive plant and animal species.

Contractor cleaning procedures shall result in equipment being cleaned as well or better than the procedures described in Reclamation Cleaning Manual (Reclamation 2010). Reclamation will inspect construction equipment following procedures described in Reclamation Cleaning Manual before allowing the equipment onsite.

Restore Contractor use areas to pre-construction condition.

Areas of temporary disturbance must be re-seeded according to a revegetation plan.

SWISP Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement B-9

Biological Resources (Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystems)

Riparian areas The removal of riparian vegetation for access will be minimized (NMFS 2017a).

All native, non-invasive organic material (large and small wood) cleared from the action area for access will remain on site (NMFS 2017a).

Boundaries of clearing limits associated with site access and construction will be marked to avoid or minimize disturbance of riparian vegetation, wetlands, and other sensitive sites (NMFS 2017a).

If native riparian vegetation is disturbed it will be replanted with native herbaceous and/or…