6- SMCS Background Info.pdf

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Recent Regulatory Changes 2025-2110 MHz

• As a result of the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) AWS-3 auction, Federal agency operations are being displaced from 1755-1780 MHz

Several major DoD systems will suffer the loss of spectrum access that cannot be mitigated by compression into 1780-1850 MHz or migration to other Federal bands

For most of the affected systems, operation under 3 GHz is highly desirable due to propagation and mobility needs

After the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) identified 2025-2110 MHz as a candidate band for relocation, DoD was granted co-primary status under the condition that DoD systems do not interfere with, nor constrain Broadcast Auxiliary (BAS) operations in 2025-2110 MHz

These operations include fixed, transportable and mobile services – supporting critical public service operations provided by local and national television stations and networks

Some compression of these services has already occurred in support of reallocations of spectrum by NTIA and FCC

Many of the DoD activities in the continental U.S. take place in comparatively remote areas and fall into the fixed and mobile radiocommunication services, facilitating sharing this band

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DoD Systems

• Four DoD systems are planned to be analyzed for electromagnetic compatibility with BAS operations in the 2025-2110 MHz band:

Tactical Radio Relay (TRR): Systems provide connectivity among/between tactical command nodes with the capability to tune across a much larger band to enable operations internationally

Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (SUAS): Small, low altitude unmanned aerial platforms carrying various sensor packages

High Resolution Video (HRV): Provides warfighter with real-time visual imagery and target identification from reconnaissance aircraft to airborne command post, attack aircraft, gunships, unmanned aerial systems, and tactical control system and ground sites for observation, analysis and direct air support

Tactical Targeting and Networking Technology (TTNT): Internet Protocol (IP) based, high-speed, dynamic ad hoc network designed to enable the U.S. military to quickly target moving and time-critical targets

• All systems tune to both 1780-1850 MHz and 2025-2110 MHz

• Operations in the 2025-2110 MHz band will be coordinated for use cases that demonstrate electromagnetic compatibility through analysis and test

• Analysis and testing is being prioritized to first consider DoD systems thought to be the least challenging for compatibility with BAS

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DoD Systems: Tactical Radio Relay (TRR)

• DoD uses TRR to provide efficient methods of exchanging large quantities of digital data throughout battlefields

– Multiband, multi-mode, software-defined radio providing high data throughput communications for command and control, intelligence, imagery, logistics, medical and morale and welfare support

– Transportable, fixed, point-to-point microwave communication systems

– Allows for operating frequency and waveform selection

– Rapidly deployed

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Navy/Marine Corps Architecture

Army Architecture

Army

Large Land Force Communications Grid

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DoD Systems: Small Unmanned Aircraft

Systems (SUAS)

• DoD uses SUAS to provide increased situational awareness and force protection

Expanded reconnaissance and surveillance coverage of maneuver areas

Rapidly deployed/hand-launched

Semi-autonomous operations and tele-operations

Commanded auto-loiter at sensor point of interest

Executes lost link recovery procedures

Flight termination to pre-planned point

In-flight re-tasking

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DoD Systems: High Resolution Video (HRV) and Tactical

Targeting and Networking Technology (TTNT)

HRV

• DoD uses HRV to provide full motion video targeting search and rescue

Used for homeland security and disaster relief missions

Deployable anywhere in the US, testing and training ranges

Manually tunable aircraft transmitters and portable ground receiver stations

TTNT

• DoD uses TTNT to provide a high throughput, anti-jam, low latency, and quick network join, waveform for IP connectivity to the Global Information Grid

Transit or edge networks, gateway nodes, and stub networks serving as a data transport for IP and low latency transport for network voice, video, and data that has multiple levels of security

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BAS Fixed Links

• Studio Transmitter Link (STL) – Transmits program material from the studio to the main transmitter

• Intercity Relay (ICR) – Feed program material back to the studio such as:

TV Network programs from non co-located satellite receive sites

Remote news bureaus

ENG receive sites

• Studio originated programming to other TV stations

• TV station programming to a television translator

• 2 GHz channels shared with Community Antenna Relay Service (CARS) and Local Television Transmission Service (LTTS)

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BAS Portable/Mobile Links

• Referred to as Television Pick-Up, usage includes:

Television remotes such as parades and sporting events

Live spot news coverage from a temporary fixed location

Live spot news coverage from an airplane or helicopter

Camera back operation inside a stadium

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BAS System – TV Pickup

• Transmitters

FCC Records: Mobile Vans used for On-the-Scene

Reporting

Reported: Helicopters & Blimps used for Traffic

Reports, Sports Events, etc

Radius of Operation Around TV Studios: 30 – 400 km (100 km avg)

• Receivers

One or More Fixed Receive Sites in Metro areas

Antennas located on tall towers, buildings, mountain tops (140 m average height)

High Gain, Omnidirectional Antennas

• Communications Architecture

Simple One-Way Mobile to One or More Fixed

Receivers

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2nd

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3rd

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BAS Channel Plan

5 DRL 1

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C h an n e l 1

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.5 DRL 2

Width, MHz 0.5 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 0.5

Center, MHz 2025.25 2031.5 2043.5 2055.5 2067.5 2079.5 2091.5 2103.5 2109.75

DRL - Data Return Link - Primarily used for helicopter TV pickup to steer antenna to receive site

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Dimensions of Sharing Space (DoD

Systems)

• All systems will tune to 1780-1850 MHz as well as 2025-2110 MHz

• Operations typically occur in remote areas at DoD installations and training ranges

• Spectrum access via local frequency coordination

System Type Characteristics Timeline

Tactical Radio

Relay (TRR)

• Ground based (15 meter antenna height)

• Directional antennas

• Low power

• Narrowband (BW << single BAS channel)

• Small geographic footprint (installation boundary plus 30 km)

Near-term

Small Unmanned

Aircraft Systems

(SUAS)

• Low Altitude (< 2,000 ft)

• Omni-directional antenna

• Low Power

• BW < single BAS channel

2019-2020

High Resolution

Video (HRV)

• Medium Altitude (Most variants < 10,000 ft; few higher)

• Omni-directional antenna

• Medium Power

• BW

Tactical Targeting

Network

Technology

(TTNT)

• High Altitude

• Omni-directional antenna

• High Power

• BW > single BAS channel

>2019

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Dimensions of Sharing Space (BAS/ENG

Systems)

• Use varies by market: Big, Small/Medium

• Channels: Home Channels; Itinerant Users

• Coordination approach varies by market size and unique development over time

• Coordinators are typically SBE volunteers with “day jobs”

Major BAS/ENG Use Key System Types Features

Fixed Links

• Studio Transmitter Link

• InterCity Relay

• TV Station to Translator

Many Transitioned to Higher

Frequency Bands

Address on case-by-case basis.

BAS Portable/Mobile

Links

• Camera back operation

• Live Spot/Temporary Fixed location

• Live Spot/Airplane or Helicopter

• Television Remote

Existing channel plan

Primary focus of DoD sharing coordination effort

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Initial Priority - TRR

• DoD/NAB/SBE Analysis and Testing Sub-group has been conducting compatibility analysis to serve as the foundation of coordination discussions, focusing first on TRR

• Analysis results for the TRR transmitters with BAS receivers demonstrated that different coordination methodologies will be required depending on location:

Geographic areas where channels are expected to be available for DoD operations on a continuous basis

• Unassigned/Unused BAS channels exist

• Subject to coordination mechanisms for itinerant use

Geographic areas where DoD operations are compatible with existing ENG operations

• Sufficient geographic separation

Geographic areas where restrictions on TRR pointing azimuths support geographic sharing

Geographic areas where scheduling will be required

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Coordination Procedures

• To facilitate shared use of the band, DoD has proposed coordination procedures

• The objective is a consistent coordination process that—

Minimizes the risk of harmful interference to existing broadcast operations

Minimizes the amount of “touch labor” by broadcast frequency coordinators

Minimizes regulatory interactions

Maximizes the use of the band by both parties

• The level of coordination required will be based on the results of testing and compatibility analysis between existing broadcaster operations and proposed DoD operations

• A future objective is to automate this process to reduce coordination time and burden on coordinators

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Database of Broadcast Operations

• One of the most critical components to successful implementation of these coordination procedures is a firm understanding of existing broadcaster operations, equipment, and agreements

As such, DoD is working in coordination with NAB and SBE to develop a database of broadcaster operations and agreements to serve as the foundation for the technical analysis

SBE will gather the information from its coordinators and will provide that to

DoD for the nationwide database