Attachment_12_-_FAA_AC_150-5370.pdf

Advisory

Circular U.S. Department of Transportation

Federal Aviation

Administration

Subject: Operational Safety on

Airports During Construction

Date: 9/29/11

Initiated by: AAS-100

AC No: 150/5370-2F

1. Purpose. This AC sets forth guidelines for operational safety on airports during construction.

2. What this AC Cancels. This AC cancels AC 150/5370-2E, Operational Safety on Airports During

Construction, dated January 17, 2003.

3. Whom This AC Affects. This AC assists airport operators in complying with Title 14 Code of

Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 139, Certification of Airports (Part 139). For those certificated airports, this AC provides one way, but not the only way, of meeting those requirements. The use of this AC is mandatory for those airport construction projects receiving funds under the Airport Improvement Program

(AIP) or the Passenger Facility Charge (PFC) Program. See Grant Assurance No. 34, “Policies, Standards, and Specifications,” and PFC Assurance No. 9, “Standard and Specifications.” While we do not require non-certificated airports without grant agreements to adhere to these guidelines, we recommend that they do so to help these airports maintain operational safety during construction.

4. Principal Changes.

a. Construction activities are prohibited in safety areas while the associated runway or taxiway is open to aircraft.

b. Guidance is provided in incorporating Safety Risk Management.

c. Recommended checklists are provided for writing Construction Safety and Phasing Plans and for daily inspections.

5. Reading Material Related to this AC. Numerous ACs are referenced in the text of this AC. These references do not include a revision letter, as they are to be read as referring to the latest version.

Appendix 1 contains a list of reading material on airport construction, design, and potential safety hazards during construction, as well as instructions for obtaining these documents.

Michael J. O’Donnell Director of Airport Safety and Standards

AC 150/5370-2F September 29, 2011 ii

Intentionally Left Blank

September 29, 2011 AC 150/5370-2F iii

Table of Contents

Chapter 1. Planning an Airfield Construction Project 1

101. Overview. 1

102. Plan for Safety. 1

103. Develop a Construction Safety and Phasing Plan (CSPP). 2

104. Who Is Responsible for Safety During Construction? 3

Chapter 2. Construction Safety and Phasing Plans 7

201. Overview. 7

202. Assume Responsibility. 7

203. Submit the CSPP. 7

204. Meet CSPP Requirements. 7

205. Coordination. 11

206. Phasing. 11

207. Areas and Operations Affected by Construction Activity. 12

208. Navigation Aid (NAVAID) Protection. 13

209. Contractor Access. 13

210. Wildlife Management. 15

211. Foreign Object Debris (FOD) Management. 16

212. Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT) Management. 16

213. Notification of Construction Activities. 16

214. Inspection Requirements. 17

215. Underground Utilities. 17

216. Penalties. 17

217. Special Conditions. 17

218. Runway and Taxiway Visual Aids. 18

219. Marking and Signs for Access Routes. 24

220. Hazard Marking, Lighting and Signing. 24

221. Protection of Runway and Taxiway Safety Areas. 26

222. Other Limitations on Construction. 28

Chapter 3. Guidelines for Writing a CSPP 31

301. General Requirements. 31

302. Applicability of Subjects. 31

303. Graphical Representations. 31

304. Reference Documents. 31

305. Restrictions. 31

306. Coordination. 31

307. Phasing. 32

308. Areas and Operations Affected By Construction. 32

309. Navigation Aid (NAVAID) Protection. 33

310. Contractor Access. 33

311. Wildlife Management. 34

312. Foreign Object Debris (FOD) Management. 34

313. Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT) Management. 34

314. Notification of Construction Activities. 35

315. Inspection Requirements. 35

316. Underground Utilities. 35

317. Penalties. 35

318. Special Conditions. 35

319. Runway and Taxiway Visual Aids. 35

320. Marking and Signs for Access Routes. 36

321. Hazard Marking and Lighting. 36

322. Protection of Runway and Taxiway Safety Areas. 36

323. Other Limitations on Construction. 36

Appendix 1. Related Reading Material 37 iv

Appendix 2. Definition of Terms 39 Appendix 3. Safety and Phasing Plan Checklist 43 Appendix 4. Construction Project Daily Safety Inspection Checklist 51

List of Tables

Table 3-1 Sample Operations Effects

List of Figures

Figure 2-1 Markings for a Temporarily Closed Runway

Figure 2-2 Taxiway Closure

Figure 2-3 Lighted X in Daytime

Figure 2-4 Lighted X at Night

Figure 2-5 Interlocking Barricades

Figure 2-6 Low Profile Barricades

1 Chapter 1 Planning an Airfield Construction Project

Chapter 1. Planning an Airfield Construction Project

101. Overview. Airports are complex environments, and procedures and conditions associated with construction activities often affect aircraft operations and can jeopardize operational safety. Safety considerations are paramount and may make operational impacts unavoidable. However, careful planning, scheduling, and coordination of construction activities can minimize disruption of normal aircraft operations and avoid situations that compromise the airport’s operational safety. The airport operator must understand how construction activities and aircraft operations affect one another to be able to develop an effective plan to complete the project. While the guidance in this AC is primarily used for construction operations, some of the concepts, methods and procedures described may also enhance the day-to-day airport maintenance operations, such as lighting maintenance and snow removal operations.

102. Plan for Safety. Safety, maintaining aircraft operations, and construction costs are all interrelated. Since safety must not be compromised, the airport operator must strike a balance between maintaining aircraft operations and construction costs. This balance will vary widely depending on the operational needs and resources of the airport and will require early coordination with airport users and the FAA. As the project design progresses, the necessary construction locations, activities, and associated costs will be identified. As they are identified, their impact to airport operations must be assessed.

Adjustments are made to the proposed construction activities, often by phasing the project, and/or to airport operations in order to maintain operational safety. This planning effort will ultimately result in a project Construction Safety and Phasing Plan (CSPP). The development of the CSPP takes place through the following five steps:

a. Identify Affected Areas. The airport operator must determine the geographic areas on the airport affected by the construction project. Some, such as a runway extension, will be defined by the project.

Others may be variable, such as the location of haul routes and material stockpiles.

b. Describe Current Operations. Identify the normal airport operations in each affected area for each phase of the project. This becomes the baseline from which the impact on operations by construction activities can be measured. This should include a narrative of the typical users and aircraft operating within the affected areas. It should also include information related to airport operations: the Aircraft

Reference Code (ACRC) for each runway; Airplane Design Group (ADG) and Taxiway Design Group

(TDG)

for each affected taxiway; designated approach visibility minimums; available approach and departure procedures; most demanding aircraft; declared distances; available air traffic control services;

airport Surface Movement Guidance and Control System plan; and others. The applicable seasons, days and times for certain operations should also be identified as applicable.

c. Allow for Temporary Changes to Operations. To the extent practical, current airport operations should be maintained during the construction. In consultation with airport users, Aircraft

Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) personnel, and FAA Air Traffic Organization (ATO) personnel, the airport operator should identify and prioritize the airport’s most important operations. The construction activities should be planned, through project phasing if necessary, to safely accommodate these operations. When the construction activities cannot be adjusted to safely maintain current operations, regardless of their importance, then the operations must be revised accordingly. Allowable changes include temporary revisions to approach procedures, restricting certain aircraft to specific runways and taxiways, suspension of certain operations, decreased weights for some aircraft due to shortened runways, Taxiway Design Group will be introduced in AC 150/5300-13A.

Chapter 1 Planning an Airfield Construction Project 2 and other changes. An example of a table showing temporary operations versus current operations is shown in Table 3-1 Sample Operations Effects.

d. Take Required Measures to Revised Operations. Once the level and type of aircraft operations to be maintained are identified, the airport operator must determine the measures required to safely conduct the planned operations during the construction. These measures will result in associated costs, which can be broadly interpreted to include not only direct construction costs, but also loss of revenue from impacted operations. Analysis of costs may indicate a need to reevaluate allowable changes to operations. As aircraft operations and allowable changes will vary so widely among airports, this AC presents general guidance on those subjects.

e. Manage Safety Risk. Certain airport projects may require the airport operator to provide a

Project Proposal Summary to help the FAA to determine the appropriate level of Safety Risk

Management (SRM) documentation. The airport operator must coordinate with the appropriate FAA

Airports Regional or District Office early in the development of the CSPP to determine the need for SRM documentation. See FAA Order 5200.11, FAA Airports (ARP) Safety Management System (SMS), for more information. If the FAA requires SRM documentation, the airport operator must at a minimum:

(1) Notify the appropriate FAA Airports Regional or District Office during the project

“scope development” phase of any project requiring a CSPP.

(2) Provide documents identified by the FAA as necessary to conduct SRM.

(3) Participate in the SRM process for airport projects.

(4) Provide a representative to participate on the SRM panel.

(5) Ensure that all applicable SRM identified risks elements are recorded and mitigated within the CSPP.

103. Develop a Construction Safety and Phasing Plan (CSPP). Development of an effective CSPP will require familiarity with many other documents referenced throughout this AC. See Appendix 1, Related Reading Material for a list of related reading material.

a. List Requirements. A CSPP must be developed for each on-airfield construction project funded by the Airport Improvement Program (AIP) or the Passenger Facility Charge (PFC) program or located on an airport certificated under Part 139. As per Order 5200.11, such projects do not include construction, rehabilitation, or change of any facility that is entirely outside the air operations area, does not involve any expansion of the facility envelope and does not involve construction equipment, haul routes or placement of material in locations that require access to the air operations area, increase the facility envelope, or impact line-of-sight. Such facilities may include passenger terminals and parking or other structures. However, extraordinary circumstances may trigger the need for a Safety Assessment and a

CSPP. The CSPP is subject to subsequent review and approval under the FAA’s Safety Risk Management procedures (see paragraph 102.e above). Additional information may be found in Order 5200.11.

b. Prepare a Safety Plan Compliance Document. The Safety Plan Compliance Document (SPCD) details how the contractor will comply with the CSPP. Also, it will not be possible to determine all safety plan details (for example specific hazard equipment and lighting, contractor’s points of contact, construction equipment heights) during the development of the CSPP. The successful contractor must define such details by preparing an SPCD that the airport operator reviews for approval prior to issuance of a notice-to-proceed. The SPCD is a subset of the CSPP, similar to how a shop drawing review is a subset to the technical specifications.

3 Chapter 1 Planning an Airfield Construction Project

c. Assume Responsibility for the CSPP. The airport operator is responsible for establishing and enforcing the CSPP. The airport operator may use the services of an engineering consultant to help develop the CSPP. However, writing the CSPP cannot be delegated to the construction contractor. Only those details the airport operator determines cannot be addressed before contract award are developed by the contractor and submitted for approval as the SPCD. The SPCD does not restate nor propose differences to provisions already addressed in the CSPP.

104. Who Is Responsible for Safety During Construction?

a. Establish a Safety Culture. Everyone has a role in operational safety on airports during construction: the airport operator, the airport’s consultants, the construction contractor and subcontractors, airport users, airport tenants, ARFF personnel, Air Traffic personnel, including Technical Operations personnel, FAA Airports Division personnel, and others. Close communication and coordination between all affected parties is the key to maintaining safe operations. Such communication and coordination should start at the project scoping meeting and continue through the completion of the project. The airport operator and contractor should conduct onsite safety inspections throughout the project and immediately remedy any deficiencies, whether caused by negligence, oversight, or project scope change.

b. Assess Airport Operator’s Responsibilities. An airport operator has overall responsibility for all activities on an airport, including construction. This includes the predesign, design, preconstruction, construction, and inspection phases. Additional information on the responsibilities listed below can be found throughout this AC. The airport operator must:

(1) Develop a CSPP that complies with the safety guidelines of Chapter 2, Construction

Safety and Phasing Plans, and Chapter 3, Guidelines for Writing a CSPP. The airport operator may develop the CSPP internally or have a consultant develop the CSPP for approval by the airport operator.

For tenant sponsored projects, approve a CSPP developed by the tenant or its consultant.

(2) Require, review and approve the SPCD by the contractor that indicates how it will comply with the CSPP and provides details that cannot be determined before contract award.

(3) Convene a preconstruction meeting with the construction contractor, consultant, airport employees and, if appropriate, tenant sponsor and other tenants to review and discuss project safety before beginning construction activity. The appropriate FAA representatives should be invited to attend the meeting. See AC 150/5300-9, Predesign, Prebid, and Preconstruction Conferences for Airport Grant

Projects. (Note “FAA” refers to the Airports Regional or District Office, the Air Traffic Organization, Flight Standards Service, and other offices that support airport operations, flight regulations, and construction/environmental policies.)

(4) Ensure contact information is accurate for each representative/point of contact identified in the CSPP and SPCD.

(5) Hold weekly or, if necessary, daily safety meetings with all affected parties to coordinate activities.

(6) Notify users, ARFF personnel, and FAA ATO personnel of construction and conditions that may adversely affect the operational safety of the airport via Notices to Airmen (NOTAM) and other methods, as appropriate. Convene a meeting for review and discussion if necessary.

(7) Ensure construction personnel know of any applicable airport procedures and of changes to those procedures that may affect their work.

(8) Ensure construction contractors and subcontractors undergo training required by the CSPP and SPCD.

Chapter 1 Planning an Airfield Construction Project 4

(9) Ensure vehicle and pedestrian operations addressed in the CSPP and SPCD are coordinated with airport tenants, the airport traffic control tower (ATCT), and construction contractors.

(10) At certificated airports, ensure each CSPP and SPCD is consistent with Part 139.

(11) Conduct inspections sufficiently frequently to ensure construction contractors and tenants comply with the CSPP and SPCD and that there are no altered construction activities that could create potential safety hazards.

(12) Resolve safety deficiencies immediately. At airports subject to 49 CFR Part 1542, Airport Security, ensure construction access complies with the security requirements of that regulation.

(13) Notify appropriate parties when conditions exist that invoke provisions of the CSPP and SPCD (for example, implementation of low-visibility operations).

(14) Ensure prompt submittal of a Notice of Proposed Construction or Alteration (Form

7460-1) for conducting an aeronautical study of potential obstructions such as tall equipment (cranes, concrete pumps, other.), stock piles, and haul routes. A separate form may be filed for each potential obstruction, or one form may be filed describing the entire construction area and maximum equipment height. In the latter case, a separate form must be filed for any object beyond or higher than the originally evaluated area/height. The FAA encourages online submittal of forms for expediency. The appropriate

FAA Airports Regional or District Office can provide assistance in determining which objects require an aeronautical study.

(15) Promptly notify the FAA Airports Regional or District Office of any proposed changes to the CSPP prior to implementation of the change. Changes to the CSPP require review and approval by the airport operator and the FAA. Coordinate with appropriate local and other federal government agencies, such as EPA, OSHA, TSA, and the state environmental agency.

c. Define Construction Contractor’s Responsibilities. The contractor is responsible for complying with the CSPP and SPCD. The contractor must:

(1) Submit a Safety Plan Compliance Document (SPCD) to the airport operator describing how it will comply with the requirements of the CSPP and supplying any details that could not be determined before contract award. The SPCD must include a certification statement by the contractor that indicates it understands the operational safety requirements of the CSPP and it asserts it will not deviate from the approved CSPP and SPCD unless written approval is granted by the airport operator. Any construction practice proposed by the contractor that does not conform to the CSPP and SPCD may impact the airport’s operational safety and will require a revision to the CSPP and SPCD and re-coordination with the airport operator and the FAA in advance.

(2) Have available at all times copies of the CSPP and SPCD for reference by the airport operator and its representatives, and by subcontractors and contractor employees.

(3) Ensure that construction personnel are familiar with safety procedures and regulations on the airport. Provide a point of contact who will coordinate an immediate response to correct any construction-related activity that may adversely affect the operational safety of the airport. Many projects will require 24-hour coverage.

(4) Identify in the SPCD the contractor’s on-site employees responsible for monitoring compliance with the CSPP and SPCD during construction. At least one of these employees must be on-site whenever active construction is taking place.

(5) Conduct inspections sufficiently frequently to ensure construction personnel comply with the CSPP and SPCD and that there are no altered construction activities that could create potential safety hazards.

5 Chapter 1 Planning an Airfield Construction Project

(6) Restrict movement of construction vehicles and personnel to permitted construction areas by flagging, barricading, erecting temporary fencing, or providing escorts, as appropriate and as specified in the CSPP and SPCD.

(7) Ensure that no contractor employees, employees of subcontractors or suppliers, or other persons enter any part of the air operations area (AOA) from the construction site unless authorized.

(8) Ensure prompt submittal through the airport operator of Form 7460-1 for the purpose of conducting an aeronautical study of contractor equipment such as tall equipment (cranes, concrete pumps, other equipment), stock piles, and haul routes when different from cases previously filed by the airport operator. The FAA encourages online submittal of forms for expediency.

d. Define Tenant’s Responsibilities if planning construction activities on leased property. Airport tenants, such as airline operators, fixed base operators, and FAA ATO/Technical Operations sponsoring construction must:

(1) Develop, or have a consultant develop, a project specific CSPP and submit it to the airport operator for certification and subsequent approval by the FAA. The approved CSPP must be made part of any contract awarded by the tenant for construction work.

(2) In coordination with its contractor, develop an SPCD and submit it to the airport operator for approval to be issued prior to issuance of a Notice to Proceed.

(3) Ensure that construction personnel are familiar with safety procedures and regulations on the airport.

(4) Provide a point of contact of who will coordinate an immediate response to correct any construction-related activity that may adversely affect the operational safety of the airport.

(5) Identify in the SPCD the contractor’s on-site employees responsible for monitoring compliance with the CSPP and SPCD during construction. At least one of these employees must be on-site whenever active construction is taking place.

(6) Ensure that no tenant or contractor employees, employees of subcontractors or suppliers, or any other persons enter any part of the AOA from the construction site unless authorized.

(7) Restrict movement of construction vehicles to construction areas by flagging and barricading, erecting temporary fencing, or providing escorts, as appropriate, and as specified in the CSPP and SPCD.

(8) Ensure prompt submittal through the airport operator of Form 7460-1 for the purpose of conducting an aeronautical study of contractor equipment such as tall equipment (cranes, concrete pumps, other.), stock piles, and haul routes. The FAA encourages online submittal of forms for expediency.

Chapter 1 Planning an Airfield Construction Project 6

7 Chapter 2 Construction Safety and Phasing Plans

Chapter 2. Construction Safety and Phasing Plans

Section 1. Basic Considerations

201. Overview. Aviation safety is the primary consideration at airports, especially during construction.

The airport operator’s Construction Safety and Phasing Plan (CSPP) and the contractor’s Safety Plan

Compliance Document (SPCD) are the primary tools to ensure safety compliance when coordinating construction activities with airport operations. These documents identify all aspects of the construction project that pose a potential safety hazard to airport operations and outline respective mitigation procedures for each hazard. They must provide all information necessary for the Airport Operations department to conduct airfield inspections and expeditiously identify and correct unsafe conditions during construction. All aviation safety provisions included within the project drawings, contract specifications, and other related documents must also be reflected in the CSPP and SPCD.

202. Assume Responsibility. Operational safety on the airport remains the airport operator’s responsibility at all times. The airport operator must develop, certify, and submit for FAA approval each

CSPP. It is the airport operator’s responsibility to apply the requirements of the FAA approved CSPP.

The airport operator must revise the CSPP when conditions warrant changes and must submit the revised

CSPP to the FAA for approval. The airport operator must also require and approve a SPCD from the project contractor.

203. Submit the CSPP. Construction Safety and Phasing Plans should be developed concurrently with the project design. Milestone versions of the CSPP should be submitted for review and approval as follows. While these milestones are not mandatory, early submission will help to avoid delays. Submittals are preferred in 8.5 x 11 in or 11 x 17 in format for compatibility with the FAA’s Obstruction Evaluation /

Airport Airspace Analysis (OE / AAA) process.

a. Submit an Outline/Draft. By the time approximately 25% to 30% of the project design is completed, the principal elements of the CSPP should be established. Airport operators are encouraged to submit an outline or draft, detailing all CSPP provisions developed to date, to the FAA for review at this stage of the project design.

b. Submit a Construction Safety and Phasing Plan (CSPP). The CSPP should be formally submitted for FAA approval when the project design is 80% to 90% complete. Since provisions in the

CSPP will influence contract costs, it is important to obtain FAA approval in time to include all such provisions in the procurement contract.

c. Submit a Safety Plan Compliance Document (SPCD). The contractor should submit the SPCD to the airport operator for approval to be issued prior to the Notice to Proceed.

d. Submit CSPP Revisions. All revisions to the CSPP or SPCD should be submitted to the FAA for approval as soon as required changes are identified.

204. Meet CSPP Requirements.

a. To the extent possible, the CSPP should address the following as outlined in Section 2, Plan

Requirements and Chapter 3, Guidelines for Writing a CSPP, as appropriate. Details that cannot be determined at this stage are to be included in the SPCD.

(1) Coordination.

Chapter 2 Construction Safety and Phasing Plans 8

(a) Contractor progress meetings.

(b) Scope or schedule changes.

(c) FAA ATO coordination.

(2) Phasing.

(a) Phase elements.

(b) Construction safety drawings

(3) Areas and operations affected by the construction activity.

(a) Identification of affected areas.

(b) Mitigation of effects.

(4) Protection of navigation aids (NAVAIDs).

(5) Contractor access.

(a) Location of stockpiled construction materials.

(b) Vehicle and pedestrian operations.

(6) Wildlife management.

(a) Trash.

(b) Standing water.

(c) Tall grass and seeds.

(d) Poorly maintained fencing and gates.

(e) Disruption of existing wildlife habitat.

(7) Foreign Object Debris (FOD) management.

(8) Hazardous materials (HAZMAT) management

(9) Notification of construction activities.

(a) Maintenance of a list of responsible representatives/ points of contact.

(b) Notices to Airmen (NOTAM).

(c) Emergency notification procedures.

(d) Coordination with ARFF Personnel.

(e) Notification to the FAA.

(10) Inspection requirements.

(a) Daily (or more frequent) inspections.

(b) Final inspections.

(11) Underground utilities.

(12) Penalties.

(13) Special conditions.

(14) Runway and taxiway visual aids. Marking, lighting, signs, and visual NAVAIDs.

9 Chapter 2 Construction Safety and Phasing Plans

(a) General.

(b) Markings.

(c) Lighting and visual NAVAIDs.

(d) Signs.

(15) Marking and signs for access routes.

(16) Hazard marking and lighting.

(a) Purpose.

(b) Equipment.

(17) Protection. Of runway and taxiway safety areas, object free areas, obstacle free zones, and approach/departure surfaces

(a) Runway Safety Area (RSA).

(b) Runway Object Free Area (ROFA).

(c) Taxiway Safety Area (TSA).

(d) Taxiway Object Free Area (TOFA).

(e) Obstacle Free Zone (OFZ).

(f) Runway approach/departure surfaces.

(18) Other limitations on construction.

(a) Prohibitions.

(b) Restrictions.

b. The Safety Plan Compliance Document (SPCD) should include a general statement by the construction contractor that he/she has read and will abide by the CSPP. In addition, the SPCD must include all supplemental information that could not be included in the CSPP prior to the contract award.

The contractor statement should include the name of the contractor, the title of the project CSPP, the approval date of the CSPP, and a reference to any supplemental information (that is, “I , Name of

Contractor , have read the Title of Project CSPP, approved on Date , and will abide by it as written and with the following additions as noted:”). The supplemental information in the SPCD should be written to match the format of the CSPP indicating each subject by corresponding CSPP subject number and title. If no supplemental information is necessary for any specific subject, the statement, “No supplemental information,” should be written after the corresponding subject title. The SPCD should not duplicate information in the CSPP:

(1) Coordination. Discuss details of proposed safety meetings with the airport operator and with contractor employees and subcontractors.

(2) Phasing. Discuss proposed construction schedule elements, including:

(a) Duration of each phase.

(b) Daily start and finish of construction, including “night only” construction.

(c) Duration of construction activities during:

(i) Normal runway operations.

(ii) Closed runway operations.

Chapter 2 Construction Safety and Phasing Plans 10

(iii) Modified runway “Aircraft Reference Code” usage.

(3) Areas and operations affected by the construction activity. These areas and operations should be identified in the CSPP and should not require an entry in the SPCD.

(4) Protection of NAVAIDs. Discuss specific methods proposed to protect operating

NAVAIDs.

(5) Contractor access. Provide the following:

(a) Details on how the contractor will maintain the integrity of the airport security fence (gate guards, daily log of construction personnel, and other).

(b) Listing of individuals requiring driver training (for certificated airports and as requested).

(c) Radio communications.

(i) Types of radios and backup capabilities.

(ii) Who will be monitoring radios.

(iii) Whom to contact if the ATCT cannot reach the contractor’s designated person by radio.

(d) Details on how the contractor will escort material delivery vehicles.

(6) Wildlife management. Discuss the following:

(a) Methods and procedures to prevent wildlife attraction.

(b) Wildlife reporting procedures.

(7) Foreign Object Debris (FOD) management. Discuss equipment and methods for control of FOD, including construction debris and dust.

(8) Hazardous material (HAZMAT) management. Discuss equipment and methods for responding to hazardous spills.

(9) Notification of construction activities. Provide the following:

(a) Contractor points of contact.

(b) Contractor emergency contact.

(c) Listing of tall or other requested equipment proposed for use on the airport and the timeframe for submitting 7460-1 forms not previously submitted by the airport operator.

(d) Batch plant details, including 7460-1 submittal.

(10) Inspection requirements. Discuss daily (or more frequent) inspections and special inspection procedures.

(11) Underground utilities. Discuss proposed methods of identifying and protecting underground utilities.

(12) Penalties. Penalties should be identified in the CSPP and should not require an entry in the SPCD.

(13) Special conditions. Discuss proposed actions for each special condition identified in the

CSPP.

(14) Runway and taxiway visual aids. Including marking, lighting, signs, and visual

NAVAIDs. Discuss proposed visual aids including the following:

11 Chapter 2 Construction Safety and Phasing Plans

(a) Equipment and methods for covering signage and airfield lights.

(b) Equipment and methods for temporary closure markings (paint, fabric, other).

(c) Types of temporary Visual Guidance Slope Indicators (VGSI).

(15) Marking and signs for access routes. Discuss proposed methods of demarcating access routes for vehicle drivers.

(16) Hazard marking and lighting. Discuss proposed equipment and methods for identifying excavation areas.

(17) Protection of runway and taxiway safety areas. including object free areas, obstacle free zones, and approach/departure surfaces. Discuss proposed methods of identifying, demarcating, and protecting airport surfaces including:

(a) Equipment and methods for maintaining Taxiway Safety Area standards.

(b) Equipment and methods for separation of construction operations from aircraft operations, including details of barricades.

(18) Other limitations on construction should be identified in the CSPP and should not require an entry in the SPCD.

Section 2. Plan Requirements

205. Coordination. Airport operators, or tenants conducting construction on their leased properties, should use predesign, prebid, and preconstruction conferences to introduce the subject of airport operational safety during construction (see AC 150/5300-9). In addition, the following should be coordinated as required:

a. Contractor Progress Meetings. Operational safety should be a standing agenda item for discussion during progress meetings throughout the project.

b. Scope or Schedule Changes. Changes in the scope or duration of the project may necessitate revisions to the CSPP and review and approval by the airport operator and the FAA.

c. FAA ATO Coordination. Early coordination with FAA ATO is required to schedule airway facility shutdowns and restarts. Relocation or adjustments to NAVAIDs, or changes to final grades in critical areas, may require an FAA flight inspection prior to restarting the facility. Flight inspections must be coordinated and scheduled well in advance of the intended facility restart. Flight inspections may require a reimbursable agreement between the airport operator and FAA ATO. Reimbursable agreements should be coordinated a minimum of 12 months prior to the start of construction. (See 213.e(3)(b) for required FAA notification regarding FAA owned NAVAIDs.)

206. Phasing. Once it has been determined what types and levels of airport operations will be maintained, the most efficient sequence of construction may not be feasible. In such a case, the sequence of construction may be phased to gain maximum efficiency while allowing for the required operations.

The development of the resulting construction phases should be coordinated with local Air Traffic personnel and airport users. The sequenced construction phases established in the CSPP must be incorporated into the project design and must be reflected in the contract drawings and specifications.

a. Phase Elements. For each phase the CSPP should detail:

Areas closed to aircraft operations

Chapter 2 Construction Safety and Phasing Plans 12

Duration of closures

Taxi routes

ARFF access routes

Construction staging areas

Construction access and haul routes

Impacts to NAVAIDs

Lighting and marking changes

Available runway length

Declared distances (if applicable)

Required hazard marking and lighting

Lead times for required notifications

b. Construction Safety Drawings. Drawings specifically indicating operational safety procedures and methods in affected areas (that is, construction safety drawings) should be developed for each construction phase. Such drawings should be included in the CSPP as referenced attachments and should likewise be included in the contract drawing package.

207. Areas and Operations Affected by Construction Activity. Runways and taxiways should remain in use by aircraft to the maximum extent possible without compromising safety. Pre-meetings with the FAA Air Traffic Organization (ATO) will support operational simulations. See Chapter 3 for an example of a table showing temporary operations versus current operations.

a. Identification of Affected Areas. Identifying areas and operations affected by the construction will help to determine possible safety problems. The affected areas should be indentified in the construction safety drawings for each construction phase. (See 206.b above.) Of particular concern are:

(1) Closing, or partial closing, of runways, taxiways and aprons. When a runway is partially closed, a portion of the pavement is unavailable for any aircraft operation, meaning taxiing, landing, or taking off in either direction on that pavement is prohibited. A displaced threshold, by contrast, is established to ensure obstacle clearance and adequate safety area for landing aircraft. The pavement prior to the displaced threshold is available for take-off in the direction of the displacement and for landing and taking off in the opposite direction. Misunderstanding this difference, and issuance of a subsequently inaccurate NOTAM, can lead to a hazardous condition.

(2) Closing of Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting access routes.

(3) Closing of access routes used by airport and airline support vehicles.

(4) Interruption of utilities, including water supplies for fire fighting.

(5) Approach/departure surfaces affected by heights of objects.

(6) Construction areas, storage areas, and access routes near runways, taxiways, aprons, or helipads.

b. Mitigation of Effects. Establishment of specific procedures is necessary to maintain the safety and efficiency of airport operations. The CSPP must address:

(1) Temporary changes to runway and/or taxi operations.

(2) Detours for ARFF and other airport vehicles.

13 Chapter 2 Construction Safety and Phasing Plans

(3) Maintenance of essential utilities.

(4) Temporary changes to air traffic control procedures. Such changes must be coordinated with the ATO.

208. Navigation Aid (NAVAID) Protection. Before commencing construction activity, parking vehicles, or storing construction equipment and materials near a NAVAID, coordinate with the appropriate FAA ATO/Technical Operations office to evaluate the effect of construction activity and the required distance and direction from the NAVAID. (See paragraph 213.e(3) below.) Construction activities, materials/equipment storage, and vehicle parking near electronic NAVAIDs require special consideration since they may interfere with signals essential to air navigation. If any NAVAID may be affected, the CSPP and SPCD must show an understanding of the “critical area” associated with each

NAVAID and describe how it will be protected. Where applicable, the operational critical areas of

NAVAIDs should be graphically delineated on the project drawings. Pay particular attention to stockpiling material, as well as to movement and parking of equipment that may interfere with line of sight from the ATCT or with electronic emissions. Interference from construction equipment and activities may require NAVAID shutdown or adjustment of instrument approach minimums for low visibility operations. This condition requires that a NOTAM be filed (see paragraph 213.b below).

Construction activities and materials/equipment storage near a NAVAID must not obstruct access to the equipment and instruments for maintenance. Submittal of a 7460-1 form is required for construction vehicles operating near FAA NAVAIDs. (See paragraph 213.e(1) below.)

209. Contractor Access. The CSPP must detail the areas to which the contractor must have access, and explain how contractor personnel will access those areas. Specifically address:

a. Location of Stockpiled Construction Materials. Stockpiled materials and equipment storage are not permitted within the RSA and OFZ, and if possible should not be permitted within the Object Free

Area (OFA) of an operational runway. Stockpiling material in the OFA requires submittal of a 7460-1 form and justification provided to the appropriate FAA Airports Regional or District Office for approval.

The airport operator must ensure that stockpiled materials and equipment adjacent to these areas are prominently marked and lighted during hours of restricted visibility or darkness. (See paragraph 218.b below.) This includes determining and verifying that materials are stabilized and stored at an approved location so as not to be a hazard to aircraft operations and to prevent attraction of wildlife and foreign object damage. See paragraphs 210 and 211 below.

b. Vehicle and Pedestrian Operations. The CSPP should include specific vehicle and pedestrian requirements. Vehicle and pedestrian access routes for airport construction projects must be controlled to prevent inadvertent or unauthorized entry of persons, vehicles, or animals onto the AOA. The airport operator should coordinate requirements for vehicle operations with airport tenants, contractors, and the

FAA air traffic manager. In regard to vehicle and pedestrian operations, the CSPP should include the following, and detail associated training requirements:

(1) Construction site parking. Designate in advance vehicle parking areas for contractor employees to prevent any unauthorized entry of persons or vehicles onto the AOA. These areas should provide reasonable contractor employee access to the job site.

(2) Construction equipment parking. Contractor employees must park and service all construction vehicles in an area designated by the airport operator outside the OFZ and never in the safety area of an active runway or taxiway. Unless a complex setup procedure makes movement of specialized equipment infeasible, inactive equipment must not be parked on a closed taxiway or runway. If it is necessary to leave specialized equipment on a closed taxiway or runway at night, the equipment must be well lighted. Employees should also park construction vehicles outside the OFA when not in use by

Chapter 2 Construction Safety and Phasing Plans 14 construction personnel (for example, overnight, on weekends, or during other periods when construction is not active). Parking areas must not obstruct the clear line of sight by the ATCT to any taxiways or runways under air traffic control nor obstruct any runway visual aids, signs, or navigation aids. The FAA must also study those areas to determine effects on airport design criteria, surfaces established by 14 CFR

Part 77, Safe, Efficient Use, and Preservation of the Navigable Airspace (Part 77), and on NAVAIDs and

Instrument Approach Procedures (IAP). See paragraph 213.e(1) below for further information.

(3) Access and haul roads. Determine the construction contractor’s access to the construction sites and haul roads. Do not permit the construction contractor to use any access or haul roads other than those approved. Access routes used by contractor vehicles must be clearly marked to prevent inadvertent entry to areas open to airport operations. Pay special attention to ensure that if construction traffic is to share or cross any ARFF routes that ARFF right of way is not impeded at any time, and that construction traffic on haul roads does not interfere with NAVAIDs or approach surfaces of operational runways.

(4) Marking and lighting of vehicles in accordance with AC 150/5210-5, Painting, Marking, and Lighting of Vehicles Used on an Airport.

(5) Description of proper vehicle operations on various areas under normal, lost communications, and emergency conditions.

(6) Required escorts.

(7) Training requirements for vehicle drivers to ensure compliance with the airport operator’s vehicle rules and regulations. Specific training should be provided to those vehicle operators providing escorts. See AC 150/5210-20, Ground Vehicle Operations on Airports, for information on training and records maintenance requirements.

(8) Situational awareness. Vehicle drivers must confirm by personal observation that no aircraft is approaching their position (either in the air or on the ground) when given clearance to cross a runway, taxiway, or any other area open to airport operations. In addition, it is the responsibility of the escort vehicle driver to verify the movement/position of all escorted vehicles at any given time.

(9) Two-way radio communication procedures.

(a) General. The airport operator must ensure that tenant and construction contractor personnel engaged in activities involving unescorted operation on aircraft movement areas observe the proper procedures for communications, including using appropriate radio frequencies at airports with and without ATCT. When operating vehicles on or near open runways or taxiways, construction personnel must understand the critical importance of maintaining radio contact, as directed by the airport operator, with:

(i) Airport operations

(ii) ATCT

(iii) Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF), which may include UNICOM, MULTICOM.

(iv) Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS). This frequency is useful for monitoring conditions on the airport. Local air traffic will broadcast information regarding construction related runway closures and “shortened” runways on the ATIS frequency.

(b) Areas requiring two-way radio communication with the ATCT. Vehicular traffic crossing active movement areas must be controlled either by two-way radio with the ATCT, escort, flagman, signal light, or other means appropriate for the particular airport.

15 Chapter 2 Construction Safety and Phasing Plans

(c) Frequencies to be used. The airport operator will specify the frequencies to be used by the contractor, which may include the CTAF for monitoring of aircraft operations. Frequencies may also be assigned by the airport operator for other communications, including any radio frequency in compliance with Federal Communications Commission requirements. At airports with an ATCT, the airport operator will specify the frequency assigned by the ATCT to be used between contractor vehicles and the ATCT.

(d) Proper radio usage, including read back requirements.

(e) Proper phraseology, including the International Phonetic Alphabet.

(f) Light gun signals. Even though radio communication is maintained, escort vehicle drivers must also familiarize themselves with ATCT light gun signals in the event of radio failure.

See the FAA safety placard “Ground Vehicle Guide to Airport Signs and Markings.” This safety placard may be downloaded through the Runway Safety Program Web site at http://www.faa.gov/airports/ runway_safety/publications/ (See “Signs & Markings Vehicle Dashboard Sticker”.) or obtained from the

FAA Airports Regional Office.

(10) Maintenance of the secured area of the airport, including:

(a) Fencing and gates. Airport operators and contractors must take care to maintain security during construction when access points are created in the security fencing to permit the passage of construction vehicles or personnel. Temporary gates should be equipped so they can be securely closed and locked to prevent access by animals and unauthorized people. Procedures should be in place to ensure that only authorized persons and vehicles have access to the AOA and to prohibit “piggybacking” behind another person or vehicle. The Department of Transportation (DOT) document DOT/FAA/AR-00/52, Recommended Security Guidelines for Airport Planning and Construction, provides more specific information on fencing. A copy of this document can be obtained from the Airport Consultants Council, Airports Council International, or American Association of Airport Executives.

(b) Badging requirements.

(c) Airports subject to 49 CFR Part 1542, Airport Security, must meet standards for access control, movement of ground vehicles, and identification of construction contractor and tenant personnel.

210. Wildlife Management. The CSPP and SPCD must be in accordance with the airport operator’s wildlife hazard management plan, if applicable. See also AC 150/5200-33, Hazardous Wildlife

Attractants On or Near Airports, and Certalert 98-05, Grasses Attractive to Hazardous Wildlife.

Construction contractors must carefully control and continuously remove waste or loose materials that might attract wildlife. Contractor personnel must be aware of and avoid construction activities that can create wildlife hazards on airports, such as:

a. Trash. Food scraps must be collected from construction personnel activity.

b. Standing Water.

c. Tall Grass and Seeds. Requirements for turf establishment can be at odds with requirements for wildlife control. Grass seed is attractive to birds. Lower quality seed mixtures can contain seeds of plants

(such as clover) that attract larger wildlife. Seeding should comply with the guidance in AC 150/5370-10, Standards for Specifying Construction of Airports, Item T-901, Seeding. Contact the local office of the

United Sates Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service or the State University Agricultural

Extension Service (County Agent or equivalent) for assistance and recommendations. These agencies can also provide liming and fertilizer recommendations.

http://www.faa.gov/airports/%20runway_safety/publications/ http://www.faa.gov/airports/%20runway_safety/publications/

Chapter 2 Construction Safety and Phasing Plans 16

d. Poorly Maintained Fencing and Gates. See 209.b(10)(a) above.

e. Disruption of Existing Wildlife Habitat. While this will frequently be unavoidable due to the nature of the project, the CSPP should specify under what circumstances (location, wildlife type) contractor personnel should immediately notify the airport operator of wildlife sightings.

211. Foreign Object Debris (FOD) Management. Waste and loose materials, commonly referred to as FOD, are capable of causing damage to aircraft landing gears, propellers, and jet engines. Construction contractors must not leave or place FOD on or near active aircraft movement areas. Materials capable of creating FOD must be continuously removed during the construction project. Fencing (other than security fencing) may be necessary to contain material that can be carried by wind into areas where aircraft operate. See AC 150/5210-24, Foreign Object Debris (FOD) Management.

212. Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT) Management. Contractors operating construction vehicles and equipment on the airport must be prepared to expeditiously contain and clean-up spills resulting from fuel or hydraulic fluid leaks. Transport and handling of other hazardous materials on an airport also requires special procedures. See AC 150/5320-15, Management of Airport Industrial Waste.

213. Notification of Construction Activities. The CSPP and SPCD must detail procedures for the immediate notification of airport users and the FAA of any conditions adversely affecting the operational safety of the…