Atch_15_AFI_32-7044_Storage_Tank.pdf

BY ORDER OF THE

SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE

AIR FORCE INSTRUCTION 32-7044

25 APRIL 2012

Civil Engineering

STORAGE TANK ENVIRONMENTAL

COMPLIANCE

COMPLIANCE WITH THIS PUBLICATION IS MANDATORY

ACCESSIBILITY: Publications and forms are available on the e-publishing website at www.e-Publishing.af.mil for downloading or ordering.

RELEASABILITY: There are no releasability restrictions on this publication.

OPR: HQ USAF/A7CAN

Supersedes: AFI 32-7044, 13 November 2003

Certified by: AF/A7CA

(Col Barton V. Barnhart)

Pages: 46

Air Force Instruction (AFI) 32-7044 implements Air Force Policy Directive (AFPD) 32-70, Environmental Quality. It provides details of the Air Force Storage Tank Compliance Program.

It identifies compliance requirements for storage tanks and associated piping that store petroleum and hazardous substances except hazardous waste. It explains how to assess, attain, and sustain compliance with Federal (40 CFR Parts 112 and 280), and applicable state and local environmental regulations, Final Governing Standards (FGS), or the Overseas Environmental

Baseline Guidance Document (OEBGD), applicable international agreements, and related

Department of Defense (DoD) and Air Force directives. For DoD components at installations outside the United States, its territories, and possessions, i.e. overseas, implement the applicable portions of this AFI in accordance with international agreements and the applicable FGS or

Environmental Governing Standards or, in their absence, the OEBGD. Any paragraph identified with an asterisk (*) does not apply to overseas installations (see also Section 1.4.4). Unless otherwise noted, the guidance and procedures outlined in this instruction apply to all Air Force installations within the United States, its territories, and in foreign countries. Additionally, this

AFI applies to the Air Force Reserves, the Air National Guard, Government-Owned, Contractor-

Operated (GOCO) facilities, and Direct Reporting Units (DRU) and Field Operating Agencies

(FOA) not located on Air Force installations. Ensure that all records created as a result of processes prescribed in this publication are maintained in accordance with Air Force Manual

(AFMAN) 33-363, Management of Records, and disposed of in accordance with Air Force

Records Information Management System (AFRIMS) Records Disposition Schedule (RDS) located at https://www.my.af.mil/afrims/afrims/afrims/rims.cfm. Send comments and suggested improvements on Air Force (AF) Form 847, Recommendation for Change of

Publication, through channels, to Headquarters, United States Air Force, Deputy Chief of Staff for Installations and Logistics, The Civil Engineer, Asset Management Division (AF/A7CA), http://www.e-publishing.af.mil/ https://www.my.af.mil/afrims/afrims/afrims/rims.cfm

2 AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012

1260 Air Force Pentagon, Washington, D.C. 20330-1260. Any organization may supplement this instruction. Major Commands (MAJCOM), FOA and DRU send one copy of each supplement to

AF/A7CA; other commands send one copy of each supplement to the next higher headquarters.

See Attachment 1 for a glossary of references and supporting information.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

This document revises AFI 32-7044, Storage Tank Compliance. This is the third publication of

AFI 32-7044, and substantially revises the second 2003 publication. Highlights of changes include an update to the tank program concept (paragraph 1.1); expanded discussion of AST

(Aboveground Storage Tank), SPCC (Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure), and FRP

(Facility Response Plan) requirements (paragraph 1.4.2); addition of guidelines on construction and operation of POL (Petroleum, oil, and lubricants ) storage tanks governed by UFC (Unified

Facility Criteria) and DoD standard design criteria; addition of AF Safety office responsibility

(paragraph 1.6.4); revised FOA, MAJCOM, (paragraph 1.7), installation roles and responsibilities (paragraph 1.8); addition of organizational tank custodian requirements

(paragraph 1.8); reorganized presentation of tank system requirements, diking, containment, corrosion protection, release detection, spill and overfill protection (paragraph 2.1); addition of shop fabricated AST inspection information (paragraph 2.3); updated recordkeeping section

(paragraph 2.6); updated budget and funding for storage tanks (paragraph 2.7); deletion of hazardous substance UST (Underground Storage Tank ) systems, added Attachment 4, Table 4.1, tank inventory minimum data requirements, added Attachment 5 and 6 shop fabricated ASTs monthly and annual checklist.

Chapter 1—INTRODUCTION 4

Section 1A—Overview 4

1.1. Concept

1.2. Scope

1.3. Objectives

1.4. Applicable Standards and Regulations

Section 1B—Responsibilities 6

1.5. Secretary of the Air Force (SAF)

1.6. The Air Staff

1.7. FOAs and MAJCOMs

1.8. Installations

Chapter 2—COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR STORAGE TANKS AND

ASSOCIATED PIPING 14

2.1. Tank System Requirements

2.2. Monitoring for Releases

AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012 3

2.3. Operating, Maintaining and Inspecting Tanks

2.4. Training

2.5. Release Response, Cleanup, and Reporting

2.6. Recordkeeping

2.7. Budgeting and Funding for Storage Tanks

2.8. Closing Storage Tanks

Attachment 1—GLOSSARY OF REFERENCES AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION 25

Attachment 2—NATIONAL CODES AND STANDARDS 35

Attachment 3—REFERENCE WEB SITES 38

Attachment 4—TANK INVENTORY MINIMUM DATA FIELD REQUIREMENTS 39

Attachment 5—MONTHY INSPECTION CHECKLIST SHOP FABRICATED AND

ORGANIZATIONAL TANKS 43

Attachment 6—ANNUAL INSPECTION CHECKLIST SHOP FABRICATED AND

ORGANIZATIONAL TANKS 45

4 AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Section 1A—Overview

1.1. Concept. Storage tanks, properly operated and maintained in accordance with environmental regulatory requirements, perform an essential function in support of the Air Force mission. Where petroleum and hazardous substances are necessary for use by the Air Force mission, they may be stored in regulatory compliant underground and aboveground storage tanks. Tank systems are operated and maintained to comply with the more stringent applicable

Federal, state, local regulations and this AFI requirement.

1.2. Scope. This AFI describes the environmental and engineering requirements for underground and aboveground storage tanks and associated piping that store petroleum and hazardous substances. This AFI addresses the environmental compliance requirements associated with Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Parts 112, Oil Pollution Prevention and 280, Technical Standards and Corrective Action Requirements for Owners and Operators of

Underground Storage Tanks (USTs) or overseas equivalent, AFI 23-502, Recoverable Fuel and

AFI 23-204, Organizational Fuel Tanks, for instructions on managing organizational fuel storage tanks. This AFI does not address storage of wastes other than oils. Hazardous waste storage is addressed in AFI 32-7042, Waste Management, and Air Force Pamphlet (AFPAM) 32-7043, Hazardous Waste Management Guide.

1.3. Objectives. This instruction provides Major Commands (MAJCOM), Field Operating

Agencies (FOA), Direct Reporting Units (DRU), and installations with a framework for complying with regulatory requirements for storage tanks and associated piping that store petroleum and hazardous substances except hazardous and radioactive waste. In the United

States and its territories, use this instruction with applicable Federal, state, and local standards for storage tanks. For Air Force organizations at installations outside the United States, its territories, and possessions, implement the applicable portions of this AFI (i.e., all paragraphs except those with asterisks) in accordance with the applicable Final Governing Standards (FGS) or, in their absence, the Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document (OEBGD).

1.4. Applicable Standards and Regulations. The Air Force complies with applicable Federal, state, and local laws and regulations; Executive Orders (E.O.); DoD and Air Force publications, technical orders, and policies; and, overseas (OCONUS), with the OEBGD, appropriate FGS, international agreements, through applicable portions of this AFI. The following description of regulations applicable to storage tanks describes only the principal requirements and is not intended to be exhaustive. Air Force personnel are expected to comply fully with the underlying regulatory requirements of Title 40 CFR Parts 112 and 280, and the applicable state programs.

Other requirements may apply to storage tanks under the Clean Air Act (CAA), the Emergency

Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA), Energy Policy Act of 2005 Title XV, Subtitle B titled Underground Storage Tank Compliance Act of 2005, and other environmental laws, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations and the national codes and standards listed in Attachment 2 to this AFI.

1.4.1. Underground Storage Tanks (UST).

AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012 5

1.4.1.1. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), Title 42, United States

Code (U.S.C.), Section 6901, et seq. regulates USTs that contain regulated substances.

Regulated substances are defined at 40 CFR Part 280.12 and include hazardous substances regulated under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), 42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq., which are not otherwise regulated as RCRA hazardous waste, and petroleum and petroleum-based substances.

1.4.1.2. The Federal UST standards are found in 40 CFR Parts 280 and 281 (for approval of state UST programs.).

1.4.1.3. Facility Response Plans. The Clean Water Act (CWA), 33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq., Spill Prevention, Control and Countermeasures (SPCC) plan and Facility Response Plan

(FRP) requirements, found in 40 CFR Part 112, do not apply to USTs that are regulated under and comply with applicable portions of 40 CFR Parts 280 and 281, except that

USTs need to be included in the facility diagram [as provided in 40 CFR Part112.7(a)(3)] or if the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Regional Administrator otherwise requires the USTs to be included in the SPCC Plan [as provided in 40 CFR Part 112.1(f)].

Section 311(j) of the Clean Water Act requires facilities that because of their location could reasonably be expected to cause ―substantial harm‖ to the environment by a discharge of oil to develop and implement a FRP. Substantial harm facilities are defined in 40 CFR Part 112.

1.4.1.4. The CAA requirements in 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart Kb, Standards of

Performance for Volatile Organic Liquid Storage Vessels for Which Construction, Reconstruction, or Modification Commenced after July 23, 1984, apply to USTs as pertinent.

1.4.2. Aboveground Storage Tanks (AST).

1.4.2.1. The SPCC and FRP requirements, discussed in paragraph 1.4.1.3, generally apply to ASTs located where, a discharge could reasonably be expected to reach navigable waters (including sewer pathways), unless both: (i) the completely buried storage capacity of installation facility has a total aggregate of 42,000 gallons or less of oil (see Attachment 1); and (ii) the total aggregate aboveground storage capacity of the installation is 1,320 gallons or less of oil. Tanks which are 55 gallons or larger and store petroleum, oil or lubricants are subject to SPCC regulatory requirements. Refer to the

EPA definition of ‗oil‘ in Attachment 1, Terms.

1.4.2.1.1. The SPCC Plan is the document required by 40 CFR Part 112.3 that details the equipment, workforce, procedures and steps to prevent, control, and provide adequate countermeasures for a potential discharge. The relevant requirements for preparing a SPCC Plan are located in 40 CFR Parts 112.3 – 112.8.

1.4.2.1.2. A facility shall also determine, in accordance with 40 CFR Part 112.20, whether, because of its location, a spill of oil could cause substantial harm to the environment by discharging oil into or on the navigable waters or adjoining shorelines.*

1.4.2.1.2.1. If the installation (―facility‖ as defined by 40 CFR Part 112) determines that it does meet the substantial harm criteria, it shall prepare a FRP as provided in 40 CFR Part 112 Appendix F or as required by the EPA Regional

6 AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012

Administrator.*

1.4.2.1.2.2. If the installation (―facility‖ as defined by 40 CFR Part 112) determines that it does not meet the substantial harm criteria, it shall complete and maintain certification that the criteria do not apply. Even if the substantial harm criteria are not met, the EPA administrator has the discretion to require an FRP.*

1.4.2.2. ASTs that contain used oil, as defined in 40 CFR Part 279.1, must also meet the applicable RCRA used oil management requirements of 40 CFR Part 279.

1.4.2.3. In accordance with 40 CFR Part 112 SPCC Plans must include schedules and requirements defined for ―periodic‖ inspections of Shop-Built ASTs (see paragraph

2.3.3.). 40 CFR Part 112.3 (d) (1) (iii) also requires the SPCC plan has been prepared in accordance with good engineering practice including consideration of applicable industry standards.

1.4.2.4. The CAA requirements in 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart (K) (b), Standards of

Performance for Volatile Organic Liquid Vessels for Which Construction, Reconstruction, or Modification Commenced after July 23, 1984 and Part 81 Designation of Areas for Air Quality Planning Purposes apply to ASTs as pertinent.

1.4.3. States may adopt or enact storage tank regulations as long as those regulations are at least as stringent as Federal storage tank regulations. Air Force installations must comply with state or local (a) UST regulations: and (b) AST requirements where sovereign immunity has been waived. Installations should consult with the installation Staff Judge Advocate to obtain guidance on whether state or local government can regulate installation ASTs.

1.4.4. Air Force activities in overseas locations must implement this AFI in accordance with the appropriate FGS or, in their absence, the OEBGD. Provisions of this AFI that are marked by an asterisk ―*‖ do not apply in overseas locations.

1.4.5. Guidance on the construction and operation of petroleum storage tanks are governed by Unified Facility Criteria (UFC) 3-460-01, Design: Petroleum Fuels Facilities, UFC 3-

460-03, Operation and Maintenance: Maintenance of Petroleum Systems, and DoD standard design AW 78-24-27, Standard Fueling Systems; Aboveground Vertical Fuel Tanks with

Floating Pan and Fixed Roofs, and from other sources including some of the national codes and standards listed in Attachment 2 to this AFI.

Section 1B—Responsibilities

1.5. Secretary of the Air Force (SAF).

1.5.1. The Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Environment, Safety and

Occupational Health (SAF/IEE) is the principal Air Force representative on storage tank compliance-related issues with the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) staff, other

Services and Federal agencies, and the Congress. SAF/IEE is:

1.5.1.1. Responsible for providing guidance, direction and oversight of all matters pertaining to storage tank compliance

1.5.1.2. Coordinates Air Force storage tank compliance efforts with those of other

Services to identify common areas of interest and prevent duplication of effort.

AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012 7

1.6. The Air Staff.

1.6.1. The Air Force, Civil Engineer (AF/A7C). AF/A7C executes approved policies and guidance, allocates resources, and monitors execution of storage tank compliance programs throughout the Air Force. AF/A7C will:

1.6.1.1. Coordinate the Air Force storage tank compliance program with other AF offices.

1.6.1.2. Evaluate the performance of storage tank compliance programs throughout the

Air Force and report results to SAF/IEE, MAJCOMs, and appropriate FOAs and DRUs.

1.6.1.3. Validate and support storage tank compliance funding requirements throughout the Air Force in the planning, programming, budgeting and execution (PPBE) process.

1.6.1.4. Designate lead MAJCOMs or FOAs for special projects and studies on storage tank compliance.

1.6.1.5. Validate storage tank research and development (R&D) requirements that

MAJCOMs identify.

1.6.1.6. Assign validated R&D requirements to Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC).

1.6.2. The Judge Advocate General (AF/JA). AF/JA will:

1.6.2.1. Provide legal advice and guidance on all aspects of the storage tank compliance program through the Air Force Legal Operations Agency, Environmental Law and

Litigation Division, Field Support Center (AFLOA-JACE/FSC).

1.6.2.2. Provide legal advice on regional storage tank compliance issues through

AFLOA/JACE legal staff at each Air Force Regional Environmental Office (REO).

1.6.3. The Surgeon General (AF/SG). AF/SG advises AF/A7C on health matters related to storage tanks. AF/SG will:

1.6.3.1. Coordinate with bioenvironmental engineering (BEE) support associated with public health assessments for the storage tank compliance program with AF/A7C, SAF/IEE, and MAJCOMs.

1.6.3.2. Align requirements of this AFI with AFIs issued by AF/SG.

1.6.4. Air Force Safety (AF/SE). AF/SE will:

1.6.4.1. Coordinate applicable Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 29 CFR Part 1910, Occupational Safety and Health Standards, (AFOSH) requirements for storage tanks with AF/A7C, SAF/IEE, and MAJCOMs.

1.6.4.2. Align requirements of this AFI with AFIs issued by AF/SE.

1.6.5. Deputy Chief of Staff, Installations and Logistics, Logistics Readiness (AF/A4L).

AF/A4L is the office of primary responsibility for issues concerning the storage of bulk petroleum products on Air Force installations. AF/A4L will:

1.6.5.1. Coordinate bulk petroleum issues with the Defense Logistics Agency Energy

(DLA Energy) of the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) through the Air Force Petroleum

Agency (AFPA).

8 AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012

1.6.5.2. Issue instructions for managing organizational fuel tanks (AFI 23-204).

1.7. FOAs and MAJCOMs.

1.7.1. Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency (AFCESA). AFCESA will:

1.7.1.1. Provide Air Force wide technical assistance and consultation regarding facilities, utilities, infrastructure, and Civil Engineer Squadron operations and maintenance.

1.7.1.2. Establish technical standards and implementing guidance for the construction, operation, and maintenance of ASTs and USTs.

1.7.1.3. Serve as the technical Subject Matter Expert (SME) for AF storage tanks.

1.7.1.4. Provide full-service execution support, including design and construction management activities, when funded by MAJCOMs or DLA.

1.7.2. Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment (AFCEE).

1.7.2.1. AFCEE provides Air Force wide technical consultation, implementing guidance and scientific and other support. AFCEE and Air Force Regional Environmental Offices

(REOs) will provide the following comprehensive storage tank compliance services to

AF/A7C, MAJCOMs and installations AFCEE will:

1.7.2.1.1. Determine permit and variance requirements, obtain data, and complete storage tank permit applications, if requested and funded by MAJCOMs.

1.7.2.1.2. Assist MAJCOMs and installations on request with the development of required preconstruction and construction permit applications for storage tank projects using project funds as requested by MAJCOMs or DLA.

1.7.2.1.3. Identify compliance requirements for new storage tank construction and assist in coordinating new projects or modifications with appropriate EPA or other

Federal, state, or local regulators.

1.7.2.1.4. Provide full-service execution support, including design and construction management activities, when funded by MAJCOMs.

1.7.2.1.5. Provide regional liaison, upon MAJCOM request, to EPA, state and local regulatory authorities to resolve compliance and permitting issues.

1.7.2.1.6. Advise AF/A7C of the impacts of new storage tank requirements on Air

Force operations.

1.7.2.1.7. Provide technical assistance to AF/A7C on implementation issues involving storage tank environmental policy.

1.7.2.1.8. Perform special projects and studies on storage tank compliance at the request of AF/A7C or MAJCOMs.

1.7.2.1.9. Identify and monitor applicable Federal and state storage tank regulations, compliance requirements, and enforcement policies.

1.7.2.1.10. Conduct data collection, reporting and analysis for storage tank compliance in accordance with AFI 32-7047, Environmental Compliance Tracking and Reporting.

AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012 9

1.7.3. Air Force Petroleum Agency (AFPA) coordinates the DLA-Energy Sustainment

Restoration and Modernization (SRM) Environmental and Military Construction (MILCON) program with MAJCOMs and installations for DLA capitalized fuels infrastructure. See AFI

23-201, Fuels Management, for additional information.

1.7.4. Defense Logistics Agency (DLA Energy) is responsible for funding environmental requirements associated with DLA Energy capitalized fuels.

1.7.5. MAJCOMs. MAJCOMs provide execution guidance and manage implementation of storage tank compliance programs at their installations. All references to MAJCOMs in this

AFI include the Air National Guard Readiness Center (ANGRC) and other agencies designated as "MAJCOM equivalent" by AF.

1.7.5.1. MAJCOM Installation Mission Support (A7). MAJCOM A7s:

1.7.5.1.1. Provide oversight and evaluate installation's storage tank compliance.

1.7.5.1.2. Obtain storage tank inventory and requirements from the Installation CE.

Use asset management and EMS principles to assign risk, prioritize and allocate resources to maintain compliance.

1.7.5.1.3. Assist installations in their command to comply with applicable Federal, state, and local storage tank requirements.

1.7.5.1.4. Identify R&D requirements for storage tank compliance.

1.7.5.2. MAJCOM Surgeon General (SG). MAJCOM SGs will:

1.7.5.2.1. Ensure that Bioenvironmental Engineering (BE) provides equipment and manpower to conduct occupational health surveillance and health risk assessment, including sampling and analysis, when a storage tank release to the environment poses a potential threat to AF worker and community health.

1.7.5.2.2. Validate and allocate resources for storage tank-related occupational health programs at their MAJCOM‘s installations.

1.7.5.3. MAJCOM Safety (SE). MAJCOM SEs will:

1.7.5.3.1. Conduct occupational safety assessments associated with the environmental contamination from storage tanks.

1.7.5.4. MAJCOM Staff Judge Advocate (JA). MAJCOM JA will provide legal advice and guidance on all aspects of the storage tank compliance program, in coordination with

MAJCOM/A7, to MAJCOM/CV, the Environment Safety and Occupational Health

Council and AFLOA/JACE-FSC.

1.8. Installations.

1.8.1. Wing Commanders, or equivalents, are ultimately responsible for all aspects of the installation‘s storage tank management programs, including approval and installation of new storage tanks and closure of existing storage tanks. Installation Commanders or equivalents will:

1.8.1.1. Ensure that installation units, sub-ordinate organization's and tenants storage tanks are compliant with applicable Federal, state and local regulations. For overseas

10 AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012

installations, comply with international agreements and the applicable FGS or

Environmental Governing Standards, or in their absence the OEBGD.

1.8.1.2. Ensure required permits and notifications are completed for all storage tanks, including Army and Air Force Exchange Service (AAFES) and Morale Welfare and

Recreation (MWR) facilities.

1.8.1.3. Ensure that enforcement actions or notices of violations are promptly reported, tracked and managed in accordance with AFI 32-7047.

1.8.1.4. Ensure Environmental Management System (EMS) tanks aspects are properly ranked for significance and develop management plans to maintain compliance and reduce burden. See AFI 32-7001 for organization of EMS Compliance CFT membership.

1.8.1.5. Ensure squadrons who own mobile tanks, such as flight-line bowsers; operate, maintain and store these tanks to prevent releases per 40 CFR 112.

1.8.2. Civil Engineer (CE). CE will:

1.8.2.1. Ensure that enforcement actions or notices of violations are promptly reported, tracked, and managed until closed in accordance with AFI 32-7047.

1.8.2.2. Ensure that an accurate storage tank inventory is maintained in the real property record.

1.8.2.3. Coordinate on environmental aspects of petroleum system requirements.

1.8.2.4. Ensure certified strapping charts are provided for all procured tanks IAW UFC

460-01, Chapter 8.

1.8.3. Installation Asset Management (CEA). CEA or equivalent will:

1.8.3.1. Act as the single point of contact, as well as liaison office for, storage tank compliance issues in consultation with the MAJCOM to the EPA or other Federal, State or local regulators.*

1.8.3.2. Ensure that storage tank management programs are in compliance with all applicable Federal, state, and local requirements. Provide technical expertise with regard to environmental regulatory storage tank requirements. Environmental Management offices (CEV) may perform the same functions as CEA.

1.8.3.3. Identify to the proponent of the action environmental requirements (including sampling, analysis and monitoring) to support storage tank compliance associated with new tanks, repairs, maintenance, calibration, and removal or replacement.

1.8.3.4. Develop and submit funding requests for storage tank environmental compliance requirements, as per AFI 32-7001, Environmental Budgeting.

1.8.3.5. Review and coordinate all designs and drawings, including AAFES and MWR, to ensure compliance with all applicable environmental regulations. Assist construction management personnel when requested to ensure environmental compliance with applicable Federal, State, and local requirements. For overseas installations, comply with international agreements and the applicable FGS or Environmental Governing Standards, or in their absence, the OEBGD.

AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012 11

1.8.3.5.1. Notify appropriate regulatory agency of all new ASTs/USTs within 30 calendar days after use of a newly installed AST/UST commences. Ensure notification accurately describes the tank system.

1.8.3.5.2. Make appropriate update to installations SPCC plan as required.

1.8.3.6. Identify storage tank compliance project requirements and keep records for documentation.

1.8.3.7. Maintain an accurate storage tank inventory, in coordination with all installation units, and provide the same to higher headquarters when requested. Maintain information on the locations and physical characteristics of Air Force storage tanks, including key features of variances and compliance orders.

1.8.3.8. Prepare, modify and obtain variances, authorized exceptions to permit requirements, for required permits.

1.8.4. Civil Engineering Operations. CE Operations will:

1.8.4.1. Maintain and repair petroleum storage and dispensing systems including appurtenances in accordance with all Federal, State, local requirements and per UFC 3-

460-03, Operations and Maintenance: Maintenance of Petroleum Systems.

1.8.4.2. Ensure cathodic protection for tank systems are operated and maintained in accordance with AFI 32-1054, Corrosion Control.

1.8.5. Hazardous Material (HAZMAT) Emergency Planning and Response Teams will ensure adequate preparation and necessary resources for responding to emergency releases in accordance with AFI 10-2501, Air Force Emergency Management (EM) Program Planning and Operations.

1.8.6. Logistics Readiness Squadron (LRS) will:

1.8.6.1. Administer tank custodian and escort training in accordance with AFI 23-204.

1.8.6.2. Operate DLA-Energy capitalized fuels facilities in compliance with the operating responsibilities of AFI 23-201 and at DLA contracted facilities in compliance with DLA Energy policies and procedures.

1.8.6.3. Coordinate mishap reports with potential release to Waters of the United States with CEA.

1.8.7. Bioenvironmental Engineering (BE). BE provides equipment and manpower to conduct occupational health surveillance and health risk assessment, including sampling and analysis, when a storage tank release to the environment poses a potential threat to AF worker and community health.

1.8.8. Chief of Safety (SE) will ensure all storage tank management procedures comply with applicable safety requirements and installation storage tank locations have equipment that meet safety standards. RAC are assigned by base level Safety, Fire and Health personnel, if they are going to start assigning RAC's to Environmental issues they need to be put on the

Base Master Hazard Abatement plan and tracked.

1.8.9. Installation Staff Judge Advocate. Installation JA will:

12 AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012

1.8.9.1. Review for legal sufficiency the installation SPCC and related documents pertaining to storage tank management and funding.

1.8.9.2. Provide legal advice on local storage tank compliance issues in coordination with MAJCOM/JA environmental liaison officer (AFLOA/JACE-FSC) or NGB-JA for

ANG facilities.

1.8.10. Installation Public Affairs. In compliance with AFI 35-108, Environmental Public

Affairs, Installation PA will:

1.8.10.1. Provide communication counsel and guidance to commanders and staff agencies involved with storage tanks.

1.8.10.2. Be the Air Force point of contact for public and media queries.

1.8.10.3. Release all public announcements on storage tank issues after appropriate coordination with environmental, legal and health offices, and commanders.

1.8.10.4. Ensure notification of local community, political, health, and environmental leaders prior to public release of information, if appropriate.

1.8.11. Air Force Installation Tenants. Tenants that own operate or procure any storage tanks on the installation will comply with all Federal, state or local requirements that apply to the installation per host tenant agreements, and will coordinate with the Wing Commander, BE, CE, Communications Squadron (COMM), SE, HAZMAT Emergency Planning and

Response Teams, LRS (Fuels Management Team), the installation JA and other applicable units. Tenants notify FMT prior to procurement of storage tanks.

1.8.12. Unit Organization Tank Custodians. Tank Custodians will:

1.8.12.1. Manage the operation of organization tanks IAW AFI 23-204.

1.8.12.2. Ensure organization tanks comply with security, safety, accountability and environmental protection requirements IAW all applicable technical directives. Program, budget and seek funds for procurement for significant changes and repairs to unit organizational tanks.

1.8.12.3. Coordinate all requests for establishing organizational tanks through the local

Fuels Management Team (FMT) and Asset Management (CEA). Notify FMT and CEA when the tank is operational.

1.8.12.4. Coordinate the purchase, demolition, relocation and significant changes (e.g.

change in storage material, significant repairs or replacement, etc.) of their organizational tank(s) with CEA.

1.8.12.5. Organizational tank custodians monitor tanks and associated piping for leaks.

The organization tank custodian reports suspected leaks to CEA immediately upon discovery.

1.8.12.6. The organization tank custodian coordinates the establishment or acquisition of new organization tanks with CEA.

1.8.12.7. The organization tank custodian keeps CEA informed of significant changes

(change in storage material, significant repairs or replacement, etc.) to the organization tank.

AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012 13

1.8.12.8. The organization tank custodian obtains, and completes training as required per

AFI 23-204 and EPA UST training for Federal Facilities found at http://www.fedcenter.gov/training/ust/index.cfm.

1.8.13. AAFES Tanks.

1.8.13.1. Installations will support storage tanks at AAFES service stations, in accordance with AFI 32-1022, Planning and Programming Nonappropriated Fund

Facility Construction Projects.

1.8.13.2. Installations need to consider appropriate funding for performance of activities with respect to installation-owned AAFES service station storage tanks. Environmental

Quality (EQ) Funds are not authorized to be used for anything except for actions in accordance with Table 3.4 of AFI 32-1022 and AFI 65-106, Appropriated Fund Support of Morale, Welfare and Recreation (MWR) and Nonappropriated Fund Instrumentalities

(NAFIS).

1.8.13.3. Installations are responsible for obtaining and making initial payment for any registrations, permits, or fees that are required for AAFES service station storage tanks, subject to reimbursement by AAFES.

1.8.13.4. AAFES responsibilities include:

1.8.13.4.1. AAFES‘s responsibility for payment includes those activities outlined in

Table 3.4 of AFI 32-1022.

1.8.13.4.2. Reimbursements for costs initially paid by installations for registrations, permits, or fees required for AAFES service storage tanks.

1.8.13.4.3. Purchase, installation, monitoring, and repair or replacement of monitoring devices for AAFES service storage tanks.

1.8.13.4.4. Installation and construction of new tanks, and costs for replacement of tanks and lines to increase or decrease capacity or enhance other tank features not required by new environmental regulations.

http://www.fedcenter.gov/training/ust/index.cfm

14 AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012

Chapter 2

COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR STORAGE TANKS AND ASSOCIATED

PIPING

2.1. Tank System Requirements.

2.1.1. All tank systems (existing and new) that contain oils must comply with 40 CFR Part

112, applicable state and local regulations, and the requirements listed in this paragraph.

Overseas installations must comply with the OEBGD or FGS as well as the requirements listed below. UFC 3-460-01, Design: Petroleum Fuels Facilities is the Air Force standard for UST and AST construction.

2.1.1.1. Diking and Containment. Diking and containment for storage tanks will be constructed in accordance with UFC 3-460-01, Design: Petroleum Fuels Facilities to contain leaks or spills and prevent releases to the environment.

2.1.1.1.1. New USTs, or those requiring replacement, will have double wall construction with interstitial monitoring

2.1.1.1.2. ASTs will have internal (self-diking) or external secondary containment and/or diversionary structures. All determinations under this paragraph need to be documented in the SPCC Plan.

2.1.1.1.2.1. Self-diking storage tanks must be capable of containing the entire capacity of the inner tank if it fails within (a) the interstitial space; (b) a secondary containment system; or (c) both. Installations considering the installation of tanks with concrete outer shells should coordinate with their MAJCOM prior to procurement. Tanks with concrete outer shells shall have testable secondary containment with manual or electronic interstitial leak detection.

2.1.1.1.2.2. External secondary containment includes dikes, containment curbs, pits or drainage trenches (remote containment) and must be sufficient to hold the entire capacity of the largest single container and sufficient freeboard to contain annual precipitation events, as certified by the professional engineer for existing construction. For new diking and containment construction see UFC 3-460-01, Design: Petroleum Fuels Facilities.

2.1.1.2. Corrosion Protection. Storage tanks and piping will include provisions for corrosion protection in accordance with AFI 32-1054and this paragraph.

2.1.1.2.1. Tank Systems. Prevent corrosion by installing tanks constructed of one of the following:

2.1.1.2.1.1. Fiberglass-reinforced plastic (for USTs).

2.1.1.2.1.2. Coated cathodically protected steel (for USTs and vaulted tanks).

2.1.1.2.1.3. Steel-fiberglass-reinforced plastic composite (ASTs and USTs).

2.1.1.2.1.4. Coated steel (for ASTs).

2.1.1.2.2. Corrosion Protection for Piping. Use fiberglass-reinforced plastic or cathodically protected, coated steel piping. Specialty products (i.e., double wall

AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012 15

systems using a flexible carrier pipe for service stations) may be used. For aviation fuel piping, see UFC 3-460-01. See applicable state and local requirements and

Attachment 2 for national codes and standards.

2.1.1.3. Release Detection.

2.1.1.3.1. Release Detection for Tanks. All USTs and ASTs, where required by state or local requirements, must have at least one of the following release detection monitoring systems:

2.1.1.3.1.1. Automatic tank gauging.

2.1.1.3.1.2. Vapor monitoring.

2.1.1.3.1.3. New groundwater monitoring systems in areas with no known prior contamination.

2.1.1.3.1.4. Continuous monitoring of the interstitial space between the tank system and a secondary barrier.

2.1.1.3.1.5. Other effective methods that comply with environmental regulations.

2.1.1.3.2. Release Detection for Piping.

2.1.1.3.2.1. Non-aviation fuel piping: Install automatic line-leak detection with all new pressurized piping. Suction piping operating at less than atmospheric pressure that drains the contents back into the tank, with a single check valve immediately below the suction pump, does not require release detection. Suction piping that does not have leak detection must either be subject to an appropriate line tightness test annually or monitor this piping monthly using a release detection monitoring method that detects piping leaks. Follow applicable state and local requirements, and the appropriate national codes and standards in

Attachment 2. Underground piping for hazardous substances must be equipped with secondary containment (e.g., trench liners, jacketing or double-walled pipe.)

Automatic line leak detection for pressurized lines may not be available from all manufacturers. At some locations, only interstitial monitoring may be available for line leak detection for ASTs. Ensure that line leak detection system is installed as recommended to avoid interference with operation of AST anti-siphon device.

2.1.1.3.2.2. Aviation fuel piping: See UFC 3-460-01.

2.1.1.4. Spill and Overfill Prevention.

2.1.1.4.1. Tank equipment shall be designed to prevent spills when the transfer hose detaches.

2.1.1.4.2. Overflow provisions for USTs shall include:

2.1.1.4.2.1. A spill bucket for USTs is required. The spill bucket will be sized to capture 100% of the delivery hose volume; however in no case will the spill bucket for USTs be less than 10 gallons.

2.1.1.4.2.2. A fill pipe that will:

(a) Alert the operator by triggering a high level alarm before tank is 90% full; and

16 AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012

(b) Automatically shuts off flow into the tank before the tank level reaches 95% full.

2.1.1.4.3. Overflow provisions for ASTs shall include:

2.1.1.4.3.1. Level indicating devices observable from the filling point in order to monitor tank level during filling. For vertical upright ASTs, see UFC 3-460-01.

2.1.1.4.3.2. A fill pipe that will:

(a) Alert the operator by triggering a high level alarm before tank is 90% full; and

(b) Automatically shuts off flow into the tank before the tank level reaches 95%

(c) For vertical upright ASTs, see UFC 3-460-01

2.1.1.5. Regulatory Agency Notification and Certification for Construction for new storage tanks. The project proponent and its contractor in consultation with CEA must: *

2.1.1.5.1. Obtain proper notification and certification forms including necessary construction and operating permits from the appropriate regulatory agency.

2.1.1.5.2. Send state or local agencies a notice of intent, when required, to install a tank before starting construction.

2.1.1.5.3. Notify the appropriate regulatory agency of all new ASTs/USTs within 30 calendar days after use of a newly installed AST/UST commences. Ensure notification accurately describes the tank system.

2.1.1.5.4. Obtain certification from tank installer that tank was installed according to applicable codes and standards. Maintain as-built drawings in appropriate files.

2.1.1.5.5. Notify the regulator in advance if the installation cannot meet a regulatory deadline.

2.1.1.5.6. Obtain certified strapping charts from tank installer. Strapping charts shall be as per UFC 3-460-01.

2.1.1.6. Anchor all parts of USTs, vaulted tanks, and cylindrical ASTs to prevent floating in floods or dislocation in earthquakes or other conditions. USTs and vaulted tanks must not be installed at a site located in a 25-year flood plain.

2.2. Monitoring for Releases.

2.2.1. Tank owners, operators, including installation personnel and tenant storage tank custodians, must periodically check tank systems for leaks.

2.2.1.1. USTs. Check leak detection systems of USTs every 30 days to verify proper function per 40 CFR 280.41.

2.2.1.2. Vertical ASTs require integrity and leak testing when material (major) repairs are accomplished. Major repairs are as defined in API 653 and include removing the annular plate ring; replacement of the container bottom; jacking of a container shell;

installation of a 12-inch or larger nozzle in the shell; a door sheet, tombstone replacement in the shell, or other shell repair; or, such repairs that might potentially change the potential for oil to be discharged from the container.

AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012 17

2.2.1.3. New and Existing Aviation Fuel Pressurized Piping. Perform a line tightness test annually or monitor this piping monthly using a release detection monitoring method that detects 0.1 gallon per hour. See UFC 3-460-03.

2.2.1.4. New and Existing Underground Piping for USTs. Perform a line tightness test or use an approved monthly monitoring method in accordance with 40 CFR Part 280 and/or state and local requirements.

2.3. Operating, Maintaining and Inspecting Tanks. *

2.3.1. Corrosion Protection for Steel USTs and Steel ASTs in Direct Contact with Soil.

2.3.1.1. Have a qualified cathodic protection specialist (i.e., a person certified by the

National Association of Corrosion Engineers International (NACE)), design and construct new cathodic protection systems in accordance with AFI 32-1054.

2.3.1.2. Inspect impressed current cathodic protection systems every 60 calendar days and galvanic cathodic protection systems annually.

2.3.2. Repairs.

2.3.2.1. Use qualified personnel licensed by state agencies to perform repairs on all

USTs if required by state regulations and authorized inspectors to certify that repairs were performed on ASTs.

2.3.2.2. Perform tightness testing of USTs, including piping, within the state-specified time of completing repairs to any UST or underground piping.

2.3.2.3. Perform Integrity testing of a UST, including piping when major repairs are accomplished on cathodic protection system before the tank system is returned to service in accordance with 40 CFR Part 280 and/or state and local requirements.

2.3.3. Tank Inspections.

2.3.3.1. Shop Fabricated ASTs (including organizational tanks) shall be inspected monthly using checklist at Attachment 5.

2.3.3.2. Shop Fabricated ASTs (including organizational tanks) shall be inspected annually by CE personnel using the checklist at Attachment 6.

2.3.3.3. Formal internal and external inspections of all shop-fabricated tanks shall be conducted by an authorized inspector. The frequency and types of inspections shall be in accordance with STI-SP001.

2.3.3.4. Formal internal and external inspections of all field erected ASTs shall be inspected in accordance with API 653 and by an authorized inspector. See UFC 3-460-03 for inspection frequencies.

2.4. Training. *

2.4.1. Personnel training under the SPCC Regulation (40 CFR Part 112.7 (f)) is intended to reduce the potential of spills by reducing human error. The Regulation allows flexibility in designing training programs that reflect site-specific needs. Oil-handling personnel shall be trained in the operation and maintenance of equipment to prevent discharges; discharge procedure protocols; applicable pollution control laws, rules, and regulations; general facility

18 AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012

operations; and, the contents of the facility SPCC Plan. Tank owners ensure their oil-handling personnel obtain the regulatory required training in specific topics, including:

2.4.1.1. Operations and maintenance of equipment to prevent discharges,

2.4.1.2. Discharge procedure protocols,

2.4.1.3. Applicable pollution control regulations,

2.4.1.4. General facility operations, and

2.4.1.5. The content of the facility SPCC Plan and any associated response plans.

2.4.2. Schedule and conduct discharge prevention briefings for oil-handling personnel at least once a year or more frequently if required by local or state regulatory agencies.

Training briefings are required to assure adequate understanding of the SPCC Plan, highlighting known discharges, failures, malfunctioning components, and any recently developed precautionary measures. Training should be designed to address site-specific needs regarding the Regulation, potentials for releases, types of oils stored on site and types of equipment. It may be necessary to implement training at an appropriate level to tailor all requirements to the activities specific to groups of oil-handling personnel.

2.5. Release Response, Cleanup, and Reporting.

2.5.1. Suspected Releases.

2.5.1.1. Suspected releases from USTs must be reported to the regulators within 24 hours, as per 40 CFR Part 280.50, Underground Storage Tanks, and appropriate investigation and confirmation steps taken. The following are considered suspected releases:*

2.5.1.1.1. The discovery of regulated substances at the UST site or in the surrounding area (such as free product or vapors in soils, basements, sewer and utility lines and near surface water).

2.5.1.1.2. The system. (Note that mechanical automatic line leak detectors and some electronic line leak Unusual operating conditions, such as the erratic behavior of dispensing equipment, the sudden loss of product from the system, or an unexplained loss of product from detectors signal a suspected line leak by greatly slowing down the flow of product in the distribution line. This can appear as erratic operation of dispensing equipment.) Any of these conditions are considered a suspected release unless system equipment is found to be defective but not leaking within the 24 hour period allowed for reporting suspected releases and is immediately repaired or replaced.

2.5.1.1.3. Monitoring results from a required tank or line release detection method that indicate a release may have occurred must be reported as a suspected release unless the following conditions can be met within the allowed 24-hour period. These conditions are: the monitoring device is found to be defective and is immediately repaired, recalibrated, or replaced and additional monitoring does not confirm the initial result.

2.5.1.1.4. If inventory control shows excessive variance (that is, monthly reconciliations using the EPA leak check comparison of book inventories versus tank

AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012 19

measurements exceeds 1% of tank throughput plus 130 gallons), a suspected release must be reported and followed up if there are two consecutive months of excessive variances. See 40 CFR Part 280.43(a)

2.5.1.1.5. Additional release detection methods are available in 40 CFR Part 280.43.

2.5.2. Responding to Releases.

2.5.2.1. If a release of a regulated substance stored in a tank system is suspected, take immediate action to investigate and confirm the release using the following steps:

2.5.2.1.1. Perform a tightness test of the system.

2.5.2.1.2. If a release is suspected because of the discovery of environmental contamination in the vicinity of the tank but a leak is not detected in the tank system, perform a site check by sampling and measuring for contamination at the tank site.

2.5.2.2. If a release from a tank system is confirmed:

2.5.2.2.1. Ensure the safety of personnel and follow requirements in paragraph

2.5.2.2.4. Remove as much of the regulated substances from the tank as necessary to prevent any further release.

2.5.2.2.2. Inspect visually for evidence of any above ground or below ground releases.

2.5.2.2.3. Prevent further migration of the regulated substance release to the surrounding soils and groundwater.

2.5.2.2.4. Coordinate with the Fire Department, Safety, and Bioenvironmental

Engineering to identify and mitigate fire, explosion, and vapor hazards.

2.5.2.2.5. Report the release as provided in paragraph 2.5.5.

2.5.3. Cleaning Up Releases. Coordinate these actions with appropriate regulatory authorities:

2.5.3.1. Corrective Action for Petroleum or Hazardous Substance Tanks. The installation must take corrective action in response to a confirmed release from a tank as follows: *

2.5.3.1.1. For tanks located at installations with a RCRA hazardous waste permit take corrective action in accordance with RCRA Subtitle C requirements (40 CFR Parts

264.101, 264.552, and 264.553), and any more stringent and applicable state hazardous waste regulations.

2.5.3.1.2. For tanks located at installations without a RCRA hazardous waste permit, take corrective action in accordance with 40 CFR Part 280 Subpart F, and any more stringent and applicable state hazardous waste regulations.

2.5.3.1.3. Remove Free Product. If the presence of free product outside the tank system is confirmed, as soon as possible remove this regulated substance to the maximum extent practicable.

2.5.3.1.4. Investigate Soil and Groundwater. Determine the extent and location of contaminated soil and groundwater. Comply with requests from the regulatory agency

20 AFI32-7044 25 APRIL 2012

for additional information or a corrective action plan to clean up contaminated soil, surface water or groundwater.

2.5.4. Site Remediation. Remediation, post emergency response, of petroleum releases from underground or above ground storage tanks to protect human health and the environment are managed and funded by the Air Force Environmental Restoration Program (see AFI 32-

7020). Site remediation uses Defense Environmental Restoration Account (DERA) funds.

2.5.4.1. For overseas installations, follow the remediation policy in Department of

Defense Instruction (DoDI) 4715.8, Environmental Remediation for DoD Activities

Overseas.

2.5.5. Reporting Releases.

2.5.5.1. Release Notification. Notify the regulatory agency consistent with the applicable

Federal, state, local requirements or for overseas locations FGS or OEBGD.

2.5.5.2. Notice of a release is generally required if:

2.5.5.2.1. A release is discovered from a tank system.

2.5.5.2.2. Unusual conditions occur, such as apparent erratic behavior of equipment, loss of product, unexplained water in tanks or product in the interstitial space.

2.5.5.2.3. A spill or overfill of…