Att 2 - Battery Shelters Statement of Work 04 Apr 25.pdf

Statement of Work

AMXS Battery Charging & Storage Shelters, Grand Forks Air Force Base

Version Date: 04 Apr 25

1. Scope of Contract

The contractor shall provide all personnel, design layout, plan and pathway, parts, programming, equipment, tools, materials, supervision, technical expert and support, and other all items and services necessary to design, deliver, test, certify a fully operational Charging Shelters & Lithium Battery Storage.

2. Delivery Requirements. The contractor shall complete delivery within 180 days of contract award.

3. Charging Shelters

3.1 The contractor shall provide all personnel, design layout, plan and pathway, parts, programming, equipment, tools, materials, supervision, technical expert, support and all other items and services necessary to build and deliver the shelter.

3.2 The shelter must comply with UFC 3-520-05 (Lithium-Ion Battery Storage) Chapter 3.

3.3 The shelter size must not exceed 18’ wide, 12’ deep and 10’ in height.

3.4 The shelter must have the following attributes:

5 Charging stations are needed Each charging station needs to be separated with a fire-rated, full height wall.

Each station needs to have a rack that ensures 360-degree air flow of the battery.

Each station must also have their own exhaust.

All spaces shall ventilate a minimum of 6 air changes per hour.

Provide a minimum emergency exhaust rate of 12 air changes per hour (ACH).

Provide a combined emergency exhaust and ventilation system.

Provide barometric dampers in transfer duct to create a negative pressure with respect to adjacent areas (inside the shelter vs outside).

Provide a volatile organic compound (VOC) detector in the exhaust duct immediately before the exhaust fan inlet.

Provide a local control button and alarm in the battery charging room to energize emergency exhaust.

Provide a local pilot light showing exhaust fan run status.

Actuation of the emergency exhaust fan must remove power to the battery chargers.

Extend battery room exhaust duct systems directly to the exterior of the building and follow the shorted route to the point of discharge.

Exhaust discharge opening must be at least 6 feet from exterior walls and roofs, 10 feet from operable openings into buildings, and 10 feet above grade.

Exhaust fan must be ANSI/AMCA 99-16 type A with non-sparking wheel and motor location outside of the air stream.

Provide an ambient temperature of 65 degrees F.

Provide a fire alarm hand pull in the room.

Interlock battery charging circuits with emergency exhaust fan and sprinkler flow switch.

Provide portable or stationary water facilities for rinsing eyes and skin in case of electrolyte spillage located within 20 feet of the battery enclosures.

4. Storage Shelters

4.1 The contractor shall provide all personnel, design layout, plan and pathway, parts, programming, equipment, tools, materials, supervision, technical expert, support and all other items and services necessary to build, install, test and deliver the shelter.

4.2 Requirements to be meet are defined in UFC 3-520-05 (Lithium-Ion Battery Storage) Chapter 3.

4.3 Shelter size must not exceed 18’ wide, 12’ deep and 10’ in height.

4.4 The shelter must have the following attributes:

Isolate charging rooms from storage rooms and provide two means of egress with panic hardware.

Storage should be fire-rated conventional construction closets designed specifically for lithium-ion batteries.

Provide a minimum of three fire rated storage enclosures (8 batteries each).

Provide makeup air for each battery storage closet.

Provide each closet with grated storage shelving to allow airflow.

Ventilate all spaces at a minimum of 6 air changes per hour (ACH) at all times.

Provide a minimum emergency exhaust rate of 12 air changes per hour (ACH).

Provide a combined emergency exhaust and ventilation system.

Provide barometric dampers in transfer duct to create a negative pressure with respect to adjacent areas.

Provide a volatile organic compound (VOC) detector in the exhaust duct immediately before the exhaust fan inlet.

Provide a local control button and alarm in the battery charging room to energize emergency exhaust.

Provide a local pilot light showing exhaust fan run status.

Actuation of the emergency exhaust fan must remove power to the battery chargers.

Extend battery room exhaust duct systems directly to the exterior of the building and follow the shorted route to the point of discharge.

Exhaust discharge opening must be at least 6 feet from exterior walls and roofs, 10 feet from operable openings into buildings, and 10 feet above grade, Exhaust fan must be ANSI/AMCA 99-16 type A with non-sparking wheel and motor location outside of the air stream.

Provide an ambient temperature of 65 degrees F.

Provide a fire alarm hand pull in the room.

Provide portable or stationary water facilities for rinsing eyes and skin in case of electrolyte spillage located within 20 feet of the battery enclosures.

5. System Delivery

System shelters shall be delivered, off loaded north of 660 B street GFAFB, ND 58204. Unloading will require a crane or forklift capable of lifting and placing the shelters on the designated pad. Electrical will be on site, ready for install upon designated deliver date. Delivery date will have to be communicated with 30 days’ notice. This notice will enable customer to get clearance for location access and offloading coordination with flight line management.

Delivery/Install will include securing each shelter to the pad. For further information, see Attachment 1.

6. System Testing and Certification.

The contractor shall provide all personnel, design layout, plan and pathway, parts, programming, equipment, tools, materials, supervision, technical expert, support, training and other all items required to conduct testing, certification, and acceptance. The contractor shall conduct all testing with assigned personnel who will man the system.

7. Government Acceptance

The Government shall conduct final inspection and acceptance at the end of installation. If any deficiencies are found during the inspection, the contractor shall correct as needed at no cost to the Government.

In accordance with FAR 52.212-4, The Contractor shall only tender for acceptance those items that conform to the requirements of this contract. The Government reserves the right to inspect or test any supplies or services that have been tendered for acceptance. The Government may require repair or replacement of nonconforming supplies or re-performance of nonconforming services at no increase in contract price. If repair/replacement or re-performance will not correct the defects or is not possible, the Government may seek an equitable price reduction or adequate consideration for acceptance of nonconforming supplies or services. The Government must exercise its post-acceptance rights-

(1) Within a reasonable time after the defect was discovered or should have been discovered.

(2) Before any substantial change occurs in the condition of the item, unless the change is due to the defect in the item.

8. Business Relations

The contractor shall successfully integrate and coordinate all activity needed to execute the requirement. The contractor shall manage the timeliness, completeness, and quality of problem identification. The contractor shall provide corrective action plans, proposal submittals, timely identification of issues, and effective management of subcontractors. The contractor shall seek to ensure customer satisfaction and professional and ethical behavior of all contractor personnel.

9. Personnel Administration

The contractor shall provide the following management and support as required. The contractor shall provide for employees during designated Government non-workdays or other periods where Government offices are closed due to weather or security conditions. The contractor shall maintain the currency of their employees by providing initial and refresher training as required to meet the SOW requirements.

The contractor shall make necessary travel arrangements for employees. The contractor shall provide necessary infrastructure to support contract tasks at Shelter Pad location.

While completing work on the 319 Grand Forks AFB, the Contractor shall ensure that:

Personnel maintain the cleanliness of work areas and remove any unnecessary materials, tools, equipment, and debris.

Personnel follow all security requirements of Grand Forks AFB and instructions of base security personnel while on and when entering and departing the installation.

Personnel conduct operator training on any newly installed/upgraded equipment with owner/user.

Personnel comply with all local state, and federal regulations. The contractor will follow all manufacturer requirements.

Personnel have the most current design specification and SOW. Any work performed by Contractor as a result of non-current design specification or SOW shall result in the Contractors’re-performance of the task at no additional cost to the Government

10. Subcontract Management

The contractor shall be responsible for any subcontract management necessary to integrate work performed on this requirement and shall be responsible and accountable for subcontractor performance on this requirement. The prime contractor will manage work distribution to ensure there are no Organizational Conflict of Interest (OCI) considerations. Contractors may add subcontractors to their team after notification to the Contracting Officer (CO) or Program Mangers (PM).

11. Contractor Personnel, Disciplines, and Specialties

The contractor shall accomplish the assigned work by employing and utilizing qualified personnel with appropriate combinations of education, training, and experience.

12. Location and Hours of Work

Accomplishment of the results contained in this SOW requires work near Bldg. 601, Grand Forks AFB. Normal workdays are Monday through Friday except US Federal Holidays. Workers typically work eight

(8) hours per day, 40 hours per week. Work shall begin no earlier than 8:00 a.m. and end not later than 4:00 p.m.

with a lunch bread designated from 12:00 – 1:00 p.m. (If irregular hours are requested, ex: weekends, prior coordination will be required with facilities owner/user personnel).

Inspections shall be scheduled between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. (If irregular hours are required, coordinate with the Contracting Officer, Monday through Friday, excluding federal holidays (New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, President’s Day, Memorial Day, Juneteenth, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veteran’s Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas). Federal holidays that occur upon Sunday are observed on the Monday following the holiday.

13. Security

This section describes the security and safety for this effort. The following sub-sections provide details of various considerations on this effort.

13.1 Restricted/Controlled Areas: Grand Forks AFB has numerous areas containing sensitive resources, which are posted with either “RESTRICTED AREA” or “CONTROLLED AREA” signs. In addition to signs, ropes, and stanchions, red painted lines also define the area’s boundaries. Contractor personnel may not enter these areas unless under escort by authorized personnel. It is the contractor’s responsibility for ensuring their employees are aware of the procedures for access to restricted/controlled areas and ensures these procedures are observed.

13.2 Security Clearance Requirements: All personnel doing any work for initial planning, troubleshooting, and testing do not require a security clearance, an escort may be required if a conference room is in secure status.

14. Safety

Contractor Compliance: The contractor and its subcontractors shall comply with Public Law 91-596 (Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)) and the Environmental, Safety, and Occupational Health (ESOH) (DODD 4715.1E).

These requirements shall be incorporated into the contractor's safety and health program. The Department of Defense (DOD) participates in the OSHA Voluntary Protection Program (VPP). Contractor personnel performing services on a DOD installation shall participate in the local VPP. Information on the VPP is available at http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/vpp/index.html.

Mishap Notification and Investigation: The contractor and its subcontractors (if applicable) shall promptly report pertinent facts regarding mishaps involving Government property damage or injury to the Government personnel and to cooperate in any resulting safety investigation. The contractor shall notify (via telephone) the cognizant contracting officer, the contracting officer's representative, and/or other applicable members within four (4) hours of all mishaps or incidents. The Government personnel notified by the contractor will in-turn notify the Safety office.

Contractor notifications made after duty hours shall be reported to the appropriate installation Command Post. If requested by the cognizant contracting officer, the contracting officer's representative, and/or the cognizant program manager, the contractor shall immediately secure the mishap scene/damaged property and impound pertinent maintenance and training records until released by the investigating safety office. If the Government investigates the mishap, the contractor and the subcontractors shall cooperate fully and assist the Government personnel until the investigation is completed.

15. Government Furnished Materials and Utilities

The Government will provide power to location. The Government will also provide copper/fiber telephone wiring to the building in which the contractor will be responsible for routing the cooper/fiber pair to the actual panel for use.

Anything beyond these items will be provided by the contractor (including any necessary conduit and other resources).

16. Equipment/Material and Shipping

All shipped material and equipment shall remain the responsibility of the contractor until final Government acceptance. Unless otherwise agreed to herein all supplies, material and equipment shipped for the purpose of the performance of the resultant contract shall be F.O.B Destination. The contractor shall assume all responsibility for associated cost, coordination, liability, risk and delivery/bill of lading.

17. Deliverables

The contractor shall provide deliverables as described in this SOW to the Contracting Officer for review and approval. Provided herein is the list deliverable items and the specified delivery period for submission

0001 - 35% Design Solution - Submitted with Quote

0002 - Final Design - within 45 days of after contract award

0003 - As -Built -Submit Prior to Final Government Acceptance and Final Payment submission

0004 - O&M Material - Submit Prior to Final Government Acceptance and Final Payment submission

Attachments

1 - Battery Shelter Location Drawing

2 - UFC 3-520-05

Battery Shelter Location Drawing

Attachment 1

Attachment 1

UFC 3-520-05

1 May, 2015

Change 2, 9 January, 2020

UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC)

APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED

\2\STATIONARY AND MISSION

BATTERIES/2/

\2\STATIONARY AND MISSION BATTERIES/2/

Any copyrighted material included in this UFC is identified at its point of use.

Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the copyright holder.

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS

NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND (Preparing Activity)

AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEER CENTER

Record of Changes (changes are indicated by \1\ ... /1/)

Change No. Date Location

1 09/09/15 Clarified NFPA 1 applicability to stationary batteries.

Updated ventilation requirements for valve-regulated lead acid batteries. Removed dates from industry standards for consistency with other UFCs; this administrative edit is not marked with a \1\ /1/.

2 01/09/20 Revised Title and updates to Paragraphs 3.3.2 and 3.3.3; this edit is marked with a \2\ /2/.

This UFC supersedes UFC 3-520-05, dated 14 April 2008.

FOREWORD

The Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) system is prescribed by MIL-STD 3007 and provides planning, design, construction, sustainment, restoration, and modernization criteria, and applies to the Military Departments, the Defense Agencies, and the DoD Field Activities in accordance with USD (AT&L) Memorandum dated 29 May 2002. UFC will be used for all DoD projects and work for other customers where appropriate. All construction outside of the United States is also governed by Status of Forces Agreements (SOFA), Host Nation Funded Construction Agreements (HNFA), and in some instances, Bilateral Infrastructure Agreements (BIA.)

Therefore, the acquisition team must ensure compliance with the most stringent of the UFC, the SOFA, the HNFA, and the BIA, as applicable.

UFC are living documents and will be periodically reviewed, updated, and made available to users as part of the Services’ responsibility for providing technical criteria for military construction. Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (HQUSACE), Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC), and Air Force Civil Engineer Center (AFCEC) are responsible for administration of the UFC system. Defense agencies should contact the preparing service for document interpretation and improvements. Technical content of UFC is the responsibility of the cognizant DoD working group. Recommended changes with supporting rationale should be sent to the respective service proponent office by the following electronic form: Criteria Change Request. The form is also accessible from the Internet sites listed below.

UFC are effective upon issuance and are distributed only in electronic media from the following source:

• Whole Building Design Guide web site http://dod.wbdg.org/.

Refer to UFC 1-200-01, \2\DOD Building Code/2/, for implementation of new issuances on projects.

AUTHORIZED BY:

JAMES C. DALTON, P.E. JOSEPH E. GOTT, P.E.

Chief, Engineering and Construction Chief Engineer U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Naval Facilities Engineering Command

JOE SCIABICA, SES MICHAEL McANDREW Director Air Force Civil Engineer Center

Director, Facilities Investment and Management Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Energy, Installations, and Environment)

NEW DOCUMENT SUMMARY SHEET

Document: UFC 3-520-05, \2\Stationary and Mission Batteries/2/

Superseding: This is a complete revision and reissuance of UFC 3-520-05, Stationary Battery Areas, dated April 14, 2008.

Description: This UFC 3-520-05 provides criteria for the design of stationary \2\and mission/2/ battery installations.

Reasons for Document:

• Provide technical requirements for enclosed battery areas.

• Address multi-discipline requirements for battery area layout and design. This document addresses architectural, electrical, mechanical, civil, fire protection, and plumbing requirements.

• Incorporate new and revised industry standards.

Impact: There are negligible cost impacts associated with this UFC. However, the following benefits should be realized:

• Standardized criteria have been prepared to assist engineers with the unique installation requirements for battery systems.

• Over design of battery areas should be avoided by ensuring that industry standard documents are preferentially applied.

• Safety requirements associated with batteries are addressed.

Unification Issues:

None.

i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1-1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE

1-1.1 UFC Hierarchy

1-1.2 Upgrades and Modifications to Existing Systems

1-2 EXCLUSIONS

1-2.1 Excluded Battery Applications

1-2.2 Lithium Batteries

1-2.3 Electric Vehicle Charging

1-3 APPLICATION

1-3.1 Battery Types

1-3.2 Facilities

1-3.3 Conflicts

1-3.4 Compliance

1-4 SAFETY

1-5 REFERENCES

2-1 GENERAL

2-1.1 Battery Types

2-1.2 Required Criteria

2-2 ARCHITECTURAL REQUIREMENTS

2-2.1 Location

2-2.2 Battery Rooms

2-2.3 Battery Cabinets

2-2.4 Spill Control

2-2.5 Electrolyte Neutralization

2-2.6 Battery Racks

2-2.7 Seismic Design

2-2.8 Additional Criteria

2-3 MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS

2-3.1 Installation

2-3.2 Ventilation and Hydrogen Control

2-3.3 Thermal Management

2-4 ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS

2-4.1 Electrical Equipment

2-4.2 Bonding

2-4.3 Lighting ii

2-4.4 Instrumentation and Control

2-5 EMERGENCY FACILITIES

2-6 FIRE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS

2-6.1 Sprinkler System

2-6.2 Portable Fire Extinguishers

3-1 GENERAL

3-2 REQUIRED CRITERIA

3-3 ARCHITECTURAL REQUIREMENTS

3-3.1 LOCATION

3-3.2 \2\STORAGE CLOSETS./2/

3-3.3 \2\CHARGING STATIONS./2/

3-3.4 SEISMIC DESIGN

3-3.5 \2\SIGNAGE./2/

3-4 VENTILATION

3-5 \2\BATTERY EXHAUST SYSTEM/2/

3-5.1 \2\EXHAUST SYSTEM./2/

3-5.2 \2\BATTERY EXHAUST DUCT REQUIREMENTS./2/

3-6 THERMAL MANAGEMENT

3-7 FIRE PROTECTION

3-7.1 SPRINKLER SYSTEM

3-7.2 FIRE DEPARTMENT

3-8 BATTERY CHARGING EQUIPMENT

3-9 LIGHTING

3-10 EMERGENCY FACILITIES

3-11 \2\ /2/

APPENDIX A REFERENCES

APPENDIX B STATIONARY BATTERY APPLICABILITY

B-1 APPLICABLE BATTERY TYPES/LOCATIONS

B-2 EXCLUDED BATTERY TYPES/LOCATIONS

B-3 LITHIUM BATTERIES

APPENDIX C LITHIUM BATTERIES RISK ASSESSMENT

C-1 DESCRIPTION

C-1.1 Design

C-1.2 Packaging

C-2 FAILURE MODES

iii

C-2.1 Non-Energetic Failures

C-2.2 Energetic Failures

C-2.3 Charging

C-3 STATIONARY APPLICATIONS

APPENDIX D GLOSSARY

FIGURES

Figure 2-1. Two-Step Battery Rack Configurations (End View) Figure 2-2. Larger Battery Rack Configurations (End View) Figure 3-1. Concept Battery Sorage and Charging Room

TABLES

Table 2-1. Battery Rack Requirements by Seismic Design Category

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1-1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE.

Unified Facility Criteria (UFC) 3-520-05 provides design criteria for stationary secondary battery installations. These batteries are operated on a continuous float charge and may require ventilation to limit hydrogen gas concentrations. This UFC also addresses \2\mobile/2/ lithium-based batteries that are stored or charged inside facilities.

This UFC serves as a planning, engineering, and design reference for professional facility planners, designers, and constructors, including DoD personnel and Government contractors. Designers and planners will use this document for individual project planning, for preparing engineering documentation, and for preparing contract documents for construction and renovation projects.

1-1.1 UFC Hierarchy.

UFC 3-501-01 provides the governing criteria for electrical systems, explains the delineation between the different electrical-related UFCs, and refers to UFC 3-520-01 for interior electrical system requirements. This UFC cites and supplements existing Government and commercial standards and specifications governing the architectural, mechanical, plumbing, and electrical requirements for design of stationary secondary battery installations.

1-1.2 Upgrades and Modifications to Existing Systems.

Modernization of electrical systems within existing facilities solely for the purpose of meeting design criteria in this UFC is not required. Upgrades or modifications of existing facilities should consider the design criteria in this UFC, but it is not intended that an entire facility require modernization solely because of a minor modification to a part of the facility.

1-2 EXCLUSIONS.

Appendix B provides examples of battery installation types that are covered by this

UFC.

1-2.1 Excluded Battery Applications.

Design of primary battery installations, mobile applications of secondary batteries, batteries used in consumer electronics, and battery maintenance facilities are not covered by this UFC.

1-2.2 Lithium Batteries.

Mobile applications of lithium batteries when the batteries are installed in the end-use application are not covered by this UFC.

Note: This UFC does provide guidance for lithium-based batteries when stored or charged inside a facility; refer to Chapter 3 for requirements. Refer to Appendix B for additional information regarding applicability of lithium-based batteries. Lithium-ion batteries are the most common technology used. In general, this UFC refers to batteries using lithium as “lithium batteries”.

1-2.3 Electric Vehicle Charging.

Refer to NFPA 70 for charging requirements for electric vehicles.

1-3 APPLICATION.

1-3.1 Battery Types.

The following battery types are addressed:

• Vented (flooded) lead acid.

• Valve-regulated lead acid (VRLA).

• Vented (flooded) nickel cadmium.

• Lithium.

Note: NFPA 1 uses the term “flooded” to describe vented batteries with a free-flowing liquid electrolyte.

Note: The term “battery cabinet” refers to a cabinet or enclosure designed to contain one or more batteries or battery cells; this term is preferentially used to maintain consistency with industry codes and standards.

1-3.2 Facilities.

Criteria in this UFC apply to DoD-owned or -leased facilities located on or outside of DoD installations, whether acquired by appropriated or non-appropriated funds, or third-party financed and constructed. Facilities include all temporary or permanent structures independent of their size.

1-3.3 Conflicts.

If a conflict exists between this UFC and any other DoD document, referenced code, standard, or publication, this UFC takes precedence.

1-3.4 Compliance.

Comply with the design criteria of this UFC for new construction and major renovation projects. For Air Force projects, comply with the additional criteria of AFPAM 32-1186, Valve-Regulated Lead Acid Batteries for Stationary Application. Renovation of existing battery installations solely for the purpose of meeting the design criteria of this UFC is not required. Apply the criteria in this UFC for retrofits of existing installations.

1-4 SAFETY.

Comply with UFC 3-560-01, Electrical Safety, O&M, and NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace, Article 320, for battery-related electrical safety requirements. EM 385-1-1, Safety and Health Requirements, and OSHA 1926.441 also apply to this UFC.

1-5 REFERENCES.

Appendix A contains a complete list of references used in this manual. \1\ The publication date of the code or standard is not included in this document.

The design is intended to use the most current version of a publication, standard, or code in effect when the design contract is signed unless written direction is provided to the contrary. If dates are not indicated in the contract or in the absence or other direction, the issue/version of publication in effect at the time the design started is to be used. Designs that have been started and then delayed will need to evaluate which version is applicable, and may have to update to the newer version if considerable time has gone by. This may require some redesign. /1/

This Page Intentionally Left Blank

Change 2, 9 January, 2020

CHAPTER 2 STATIONARY BATTERY DESIGN CRITERIA

2-1 GENERAL.

2-1.1 Battery Types.

Chapter 2 provides requirements for the following battery types:

• Vented (flooded) lead acid.

• Valve-regulated lead acid (VRLA).

• Vented (flooded) nickel cadmium.

Note: UFC 3-520-01 prohibits lithium batteries for stationary applications in occupied facilities. Refer to Chapter 3 for requirements for lithium batteries used in military mission systems that are stored or charged inside facilities./2/

2-1.2 Required Criteria.

Comply with NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (NEC), and NFPA 1, Fire Code, for battery room design requirements. \1\ Apply the NFPA 1 criteria to all stationary batteries with a nominal voltage of 48 VDC or higher, regardless of the battery electrolyte capacity. /1/ Comply with UFC 3-520-01, Interior Electrical Systems, for battery selection, sizing, and application.

\1\ Note: Refer to Appendix B-1 for examples of stationary batteries. /1/

Regulatory requirements and restrictions vary depending upon location. Battery installations may require permits and environmental control and reporting due to their component heavy metals and acidic or basic electrolyte. Consult Title 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Parts 1910 and 1926 Occupational Safety and Health Standards, Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations Protection of Environment, and other applicable regulations for additional information.

2-2 ARCHITECTURAL REQUIREMENTS.

2-2.1 Location.

Where required by NFPA 1, install stationary batteries in a noncombustible, locked cabinet or other enclosure to prevent access by unauthorized personnel unless located in a separate equipment room accessible only to authorized personnel.

Locate the battery near the loads to be served while still satisfying the mechanical design criteria. UPS systems containing batteries can be located in the same room as the equipment they support.

2-2.2 Battery Rooms.

Provide the occupancy separation requirements specified in NFPA 1. When more than one battery chemistry is employed, locate each type of battery in a separate room with each room individually meeting the occupancy separation requirements and with no direct access between the rooms. Services not associated with the battery room must not pass through the room. Do not design the battery room to have access to other spaces. Do not use battery rooms for material storage, such as storage of office supplies, cleaning supplies, or spill control equipment; design a separate space for these materials.

2-2.3 Battery Cabinets.

Provide battery cabinets, including battery cabinets for UPS systems, that are a commercial manufactured product, designed and UL listed or third-party verified and tested for battery containment. Provide a minimum 200 mm (8 in.) working clearance around the batteries within the cabinet or provide drawout racks that allow for the specified working clearance. For outside installations prevent entry of contaminants, water, insects, and wildlife.

2-2.4 Spill Control.

Provide spill control for battery installations as required by NFPA 1. An electrolyte spill is defined as an unintended release of liquid electrolyte that exceeds 1.0 liters. Do not use battery cabinets without integral spill containment for vented lead acid or nickel cadmium batteries. Permanently installed physical containment structures must be capable of resisting continuous exposure to a 70 percent concentration of the electrolyte’s acid or alkaline chemical. Do not allow the containment area to encroach upon space designated for room egress.

Note: VRLA batteries do not require spill containment.

When floor drains are provided in the battery area, design them in accordance with UFC 3-420-01, Plumbing Systems.

2-2.5 Electrolyte Neutralization.

Provide for spilled electrolyte neutralization in accordance with NFPA 1. Provide neutralizing and absorbing materials local to, but outside of, the battery area to address local incidents.

Select a slip-resistant floor finish in all battery rooms. Select an acid or alkali resistant floor finish and battery cabinet finish as appropriate for the battery chemistry employed.

Wall and ceiling finishes in vented (flooded) cell installations must be acid or alkali resistant.

2-2.6 Battery Racks.

Obtain the battery rack from the same manufacturer that supplies the battery. Racks and trays must resist corrosion from continuous exposure to a 70 percent concentration of the electrolyte’s acid or base chemical. Provide insulated battery lifting devices and provide tools with insulated handles.

Select the battery rack to fit within the defined footprint while also satisfying the need for maintenance access. Figures 2-1 and 2-2 show acceptable battery rack configurations for vented cells.

Figure 2-1. Two-Step Battery Rack Configurations (End View)

Figure 2-2. Larger Battery Rack Configurations (End View)

Cell

Cell

a. Two-tier battery

Cell

Cell

b. Two-step battery

Must Be Open in Front of Rack to Provide Access

Cell

Cell

Cell

a. Three-step battery

C e ll

C e ll

Cell

Cell

b. Two-tier, two-step battery

Must Be Open in Front of Rack to Provide Access

Must Provide Clearance Behind Rack for Access

2-2.7 Seismic Design.

Provide restraints in all racks for vented cell installations to prevent the individual cells from overturning. In addition, comply with ASCE/SEI 7-10 for battery racks. Table 2-1 shows the rack requirements based on seismic design category.

Table 2-1. Battery Rack Requirements by Seismic Design Category

Seismic Design Category Description

A—earthquakes are unlikely. Racks do not require cell restraints.

B—distant earthquakes might cause minor motion. Racks require side restraints.

C, D, E, F—local or nearby earthquake. Racks require heavy-duty construction with side restraints and should have additional floor anchor points.

If the stationary battery supports a Mission-Critical Level 1 system as classified by UFC 3-310-04, Seismic Design of Buildings, seismically qualify the battery and battery rack in accordance with UFC 3-310-04 and IEEE 693, IEEE Recommended Practice for Seismic Design of Substations.

2-2.8 Additional Criteria.

Provide an overhead hoist or equivalent portable material handling equipment for the handling of batteries if the battery cells or modules each weigh over 50 lb (23 kg).

2-3 MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS.

2-3.1 Installation.

Installation, operating, and maintenance requirements vary for each battery type.

Comply with the following IEEE documents for installation criteria, as appropriate for the selected battery type:

IEEE Std 484, IEEE Recommended Practice for Installation Design and Installation of Vented Lead acid Batteries for Stationary Applications.

IEEE Std 1106, IEEE Recommended Practice for Installation, Maintenance, Testing, and Replacement of Vented Nickel cadmium Batteries for Stationary Applications.

IEEE Std 1187, IEEE Recommended Practice for Installation Design and Installation of Valve-Regulated Lead acid Storage Batteries for Stationary Applications.

IEEE 1635, IEEE/ASHRAE Guide for the Ventilation and Thermal Management of Batteries for Stationary Applications.

2-3.2 Ventilation and Hydrogen Control.

2-3.2.1 Hydrogen Generation.

Design ventilation systems to maintain concentrations of hydrogen gas in the battery room below 1 percent concentration.

Calculate the hydrogen generation rate based on the worst-case event of simultaneous boost (equalize) charging of all of the batteries in accordance with NFPA 1. \1\ Refer to IEEE 1635 for examples of fire code worst-case calculations. /1/ Obtain the hydrogen generation rate for the installed battery model and size from the battery manufacturer or apply IEEE 1635 if manufacturer data is not available. \1\ For VRLA stationary batteries, calculate the hydrogen generation rate based on a maximum hydrogen generation rate of 1.27 × 10-7 m3/s (2.69 × 10-4 cfm) per charging ampere per cell at 25 °C and standard pressure. /1/

2-3.2.2 Ventilation System Design.

Provide ventilation and alarm in accordance with the International Mechanical Code, Section 502.4.

2-3.2.2.1 \2\Exhaust System./2/

\2\Provide an emergency exhaust system to contain and directly exhaust smoke and gases from storage and charging rooms. Ensure controls maintain exhaust fan operation under all conditions including ATFP, fire alarm, etc. unless exhaust fan operation would create an unsafe condition such as impeding egress./2/

2-3.2.2.2 \2\Battery Exhaust Duct Requirements./2/

\2\Battery room exhaust duct systems must extend directly to the exterior of the building and must follow the shortest route to the point of discharge. Do not install fire dampers in exhaust duct. Provide a continuous fire-rated duct wrap for the entire length of battery room exhaust duct.

Where battery room exhaust must pass through adjacent spaces, ensure the duct is maintained at a negative pressure. Provide exhaust duct with an upwardly directed discharge. Exhaust discharge opening must be at least 6 feet from exterior walls and roofs, 10 feet from operable openings into buildings, and 10 feet above grade. Exhaust fan must be ANSI/AMCA 99-16 type A with non-sparking wheel and motor location outside of the air stream./2/

2-3.2.2.3 System Design.

Design mechanical systems for continuous operation, free from excessive vibration.

Provide green indicator light confirming fan operation located in battery area. Isolate mechanical equipment to eliminate structure-borne vibration that will have an adverse effect on battery usage and performance.

2-3.2.3 Ventilation for Batteries Inside Cabinets.

Provide ventilation for batteries inside cabinets, including UPS systems, in accordance with the International Mechanical Code, Section 502.5. The requirement to maintain concentrations of hydrogen gas below 1 percent concentration applies to the inside of the cabinet as well as the area in which the cabinet is installed.

2-3.3 Thermal Management.

The optimal operating temperature range for a lead acid or nickel cadmium battery is between 68° F (20° C) and 77° F (25° C). Operation in this range provides the best balance between capacity and service life. Maintaining the battery installation within the optimal temperature range reduces the possibility of thermal runaway in VRLA batteries.

Maintain the battery area temperature for lead acid batteries below 85° F (29° C) using transfer air when available.

2-4 ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS.

2-4.1 Electrical Equipment.

2-4.1.1 Overcurrent Protection and Isolation.

Provide overcurrent protection for each battery string. Provide separate overcurrent protection for each individual string in a paralleled battery string. If the DC conductors leave a separate battery room:

• Provide a disconnect device outside the room near the entrance, or

• Provide a shunt trip device near the entrance that opens a disconnect device inside the battery room.

2-4.1.2 Conductors and Terminations.

Do not use Type AC, NM, NMC, NMS, and UF cable in battery rooms. Do not use flexible metal conduit or flexible metallic tubing.

Install connections to battery terminal posts, including intercell connections, in a manner that minimizes strain on the battery posts.

2-4.1.3 Battery Charging.

Provide temperature compensated charging for VRLA batteries based on the battery temperature, not the ambient temperature.

Include temperature compensated charging for \1\ vented lead acid or nickel cadmium battery /1/ installations where the area is not environmentally controlled and large temperature variations can occur.

2-4.2 Bonding.

Bond conductive battery racks, cabinets, and cable racks to ground using #6 AWG minimum conductors.

2-4.3 Lighting.

Design illuminance levels in the battery room to comply with UFC 3-530-01 and IESNA Lighting Handbook Reference and Application recommendations with a minimum illumination level of 300 lux (30 fc). Consider the type of battery rack and the physical battery configuration to ensure that all points of connection, and maintenance and testing are adequately illuminated.

Install battery room lighting fixtures that are pendant or wall mounted, and do not provide a collection point for explosive gases. Provide fixtures that include lamp protection by shatterproof lenses or wire guards. Select fixtures in battery rooms for vented cells that are constructed to resist the corrosive effects of acid vapors.

Luminaires and lamps must provide minimal heat output in general and provide minimal radiant heating of the batteries. Do not install lighting track in battery rooms. Fixture mounting must not interfere with operation of lifting devices used for battery maintenance. Receptacles and lighting switches should be located outside of the battery area.

2-4.4 Instrumentation and Control.

Provide instrumentation to measure battery voltage with high and low alarms, battery current, and ground detection for ungrounded systems. Provide the alarm system operation, level of reporting, and any additional instrumentation and alarm options appropriate for the specific conditions of each battery system.

2-5 EMERGENCY FACILITIES.

Provide portable or stationary water facilities for rinsing eyes and skin in case of electrolyte spillage. Locate within 20 feet of the battery. Design stationary facilities in accordance with UFC 3-420-01. Design portable facilities in accordance with ISEA Z358.1.

2-6 FIRE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS.

Comply with UFC 3-600-01 and NFPA 1; however, smoke detection is not required.

2-6.1 Sprinkler System.

When the facility requires a wet-pipe automatic sprinkler system, provide an automatic sprinkler system in each battery room. Provide a supervised shut-off valve, check valve, flow switch, and test valve for the sprinkler line supplying a battery room. These items must be located outside of and adjacent to the associated battery room.

Actuation of the flow switch must remove power to the battery chargers that serve that battery room.

2-6.2 Portable Fire Extinguishers.

Portable fire extinguishers are not required to be installed.

CHAPTER 3 LITHIUM BATTERY DESIGN CRITERIA.

3-1 GENERAL.

\2\Chapter 3 provides requirements for military mission, lithium batteries that will be stored or charged inside facilities. For the Navy and Marine Corps, follow all requirements of NAVSEA S9310-AQ-SAF-010 Technical Manual for Navy Lithium Battery Safety Program Responsibilities and Procedures. Where conflicts exist, the most stringent requirement applies. Refer to Appendix B for a discussion of the typical military mission battery applications. Obtain the safety data package (SDP), preliminary hazards list (PHL), and preliminary hazards analysis (PHA) from the responsible program office./2/

\2\This chapter does not apply to portable, commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) cells and batteries that are: UL listed, 18 volts or less, and less than 100 Watt-hours as defined in chapter 3 of NAVSEA S9310-AQ-SAF-010./2/

3-2 REQUIRED CRITERIA.

\2\Consider lithium batteries as hazardous. Comply with NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (NEC), NFPA 1, Fire Code, NFPA 704, Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response, and NAVSEA S9310-AQ-SAF-010 for battery room design requirements. Comply with the additional requirements provided in the following sections and minimum safety requirements in Figure 3-1./2/

3-3 ARCHITECTURAL REQUIREMENTS.

3-3.1 Location.

\2\The preferred location for lithium battery storage is in an unoccupied, segregated shelter adjacent to the occupied building. If lithium batteries are located in an occupied building, locate the batteries in dedicated rooms, separated from other portions of the building by a fire barrier in accordance with NFPA 1. Isolate charging rooms from storage rooms and provide two means of egress with panic hardware.

Do not provide space for spent batteries. Spent batteries are batteries that are no longer serviceable. All spent batteries must be stored outdoors. Do not store or charge lithium batteries in the same room with either nickel cadmium or lead acid batteries.

NOTE: For unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV) batteries that are not removable for charging, the UUV hull acts as a pressure and fire barrier. In this case, separate storage and charging areas are not required. For UUV platforms with removable batteries, follow the requirements of this chapter./2/

3-3.2 \2\Storage Closets./2/

\2\Store military mission, lithium batteries in fire-rated closets of conventional construction designed specifically for the particular battery type. Provide a minimum of three (3) fire rated storage enclosures. Obtain concurrence from the supported command to determine the number of storage closets. The percentage of batteries that are subject to loss upon a catastrophic failure is determined by the number of closets.

Coordinate with the supported command to determine the appropriate risk mitigation based on operational requirements and battery costs.

Closets must be provided with exhaust per paragraph 3-5.1. Provide sprinklers and makeup air for each battery storage closet. Provide each closet with grated storage shelving to allow airflow and sprinkler coverage./2/

3-3.3 \2\Charging Stations./2/

\2\Battery charging presents the greatest hazard for battery failure. Locate charging stations away from egress pathways and other battery room functions where personnel are likely to be.

Charge and discharge lithium batteries in designated stations designed specifically for the particular battery type. Size the charging station providing sufficient working clearance around the mission battery, FF&E battery charger, and FF&E charging table.

Figure 3-1 indicates a typical dimension of 3 foot by 3 foot, but adjust this dimension to accommodate the mission battery and FF&E. Separate each station with a fire-rated, full-height wall. Ensure the open side of charging stations is not directed towards other charging cubbies or flammables. Provide each station with exhaust per Paragraph 3-

5.1. Provide sprinklers directly overhead of charging stations./2/

3-3.4 Seismic Design.

Comply with Section 2-2.7.

3-3.5 \2\Signage./2/

\2\Provide signage for identification of hazardous material in battery rooms in accordance with UFC 3-600-01./2/

3-4 VENTILATION.

\2\Lithium batteries do not vent hydrogen under normal conditions, but will vent hazardous and explosive gases upon failure. Lithium batteries are designed to release overpressure due to thermal runaway through integral vent ports. Ventilate all spaces at a minimum of 6 air changes per hour (ACH) at all times.

Provide a combined emergency exhaust and ventilation system. Provide conditioned makeup air from adjacent spaces to ensure a negative pressure relationship between the battery rooms and adjacent spaces. Provide barometric dampers in transfer duct to create a negative pressure with respect to adjacent areas./2/

3-5 \2\BATTERY EXHAUST SYSTEM/2/

3-5.1 \2\Exhaust System./2/

\2\Provide an emergency exhaust system to contain and directly exhaust smoke and gases from storage and charging rooms. Provide a minimum emergency exhaust rate of 12 air changes per hour ACH. The design of the ventilation system is intended to limit the concentration of explosive gases to 25% of the lower explosive limit upon thermal runaway of a battery.

Provide a volatile organic compound (VOC) detector in the exhaust duct immediately before the exhaust fan inlet. Upon detection of VOCs, the exhaust fan shall increase speed to provide 12 ACH to all storage and charging areas. Provide a local control button and alarm in the battery charging room to energize emergency exhaust. Provide a local pilot light showing exhaust fan run status. Actuation of the emergency exhaust fan must remove power to the battery chargers. Ensure controls maintain exhaust fan operation under all conditions including ATFP, fire alarm, etc. unless exhaust fan operation would create an unsafe condition such as impeding egress./2/

3-5.2 \2\Battery Exhaust Duct Requirements./2/

\2\Extend battery room exhaust duct systems directly to the exterior of the building and follow the shortest route to the point of discharge. Do not install fire dampers in exhaust duct. Provide a continuous fire-rated duct wrap for the entire length of battery room exhaust duct.

Where battery room exhaust must pass through adjacent spaces, ensure the duct is maintained at a negative pressure. Provide exhaust duct with an upwardly directed discharge. Exhaust discharge opening must be at least 6 feet from exterior walls and roofs, 10 feet from operable openings into buildings, and 10 feet above grade. Exhaust fan must be ANSI/AMCA 99-16 type A with non-sparking wheel and motor location outside of the air stream. /2/

3-6 THERMAL MANAGEMENT.

\2\Provide a separate cooling system independent of the building HVAC system for each battery room designed to maintain an ambient temperature of 65 °F (18.3 °C)./2/

3-7 FIRE PROTECTION.

Comply with UFC 3-600-01 and NFPA 1; however, smoke detection is not required.

3-7.1 Sprinkler System.

Provide a wet-pipe automatic sprinkler system for each battery room. Provide a supervised shut-off valve, check valve, flow switch, and test valve for the sprinkler line supplying a battery room. These items must be located outside of and adjacent to the associated battery room. Actuation of the flow switch must remove power to the battery chargers. \2\Provide a fire alarm hand pull in the room./2/

Note: Sprinkler systems are not required for small remote facilities or mobile storage containers (Conex boxes) that have been designed specifically for storage and charging of lithium batteries, and are physically separated from other facilities by a minimum of 50 feet.

3-7.2 Fire Department.

Coordinate with and inform the base fire department of the type of operations performed at the facility and the maximum credible event mishap.

Note: The base Fire Map at the fire station(s) should include charging and storage areas for lithium batteries.

3-8 BATTERY CHARGING EQUIPMENT.

Install battery charging equipment designed for the specific lithium battery model.

\2\Interlock battery charging circuits with emergency exhaust fan and sprinkler flow switch./2/

3-9 LIGHTING.

Design illuminance levels in the battery room to comply with UFC 3-530-01 and IESNA Lighting Handbook Reference and Application recommendations with a minimum illumination level of 300 lux (30 fc).

Install battery room lighting fixtures that are pendant or wall mounted. Provide fixtures that include lamp protection by shatterproof lenses or wire guards. Luminaires and lamps must provide minimal heat output in general and provide minimal radiant heating of the batteries. Do not install lighting track in battery rooms. Fixture mounting must not interfere with operation of lifting devices used for in the battery room. \2\Only dedicated receptacles for battery chargers may be located inside the battery rooms./2/

3-10 EMERGENCY FACILITIES.

Provide portable or stationary water facilities for rinsing eyes and skin in case of electrolyte spillage. Locate within 20 feet of the battery \2\enclosures./2/ Design stationary facilities in accordance with UFC 3-420-01. Design portable facilities in accordance with ANSI/ISEA Z358.1.

3-11 \2\ /2/

\2\

/2/

APPENDIX A REFERENCES

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI)

www.ansi.org

ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2009, Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS (AFCE)

www.asce.org

ASCE/SEI 7-2010, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING, REFRIGERATION, AND AIR CONDITIONING

ENGINEERS (ASHRAE)

www.ashrae.org

ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Quality

CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS

http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collectionCfr.action?collectionCode=CFR

Title 29 Code of Federal Regulations, Labor – Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Department of Labor – Parts 1910 and 1926

Title 40 Code…