ESBD_File_331886_IFB CIPS23-012 16 Waterline Extension Lakeline Blvd._ATTACHMENT L - Special Specifications.pdf

DIVISION 3

SPECIAL

SPECIFICATIONS

1-6 5202 08-05

2004 Specifications CSJ 0048-01-057

SPECIAL SPECIFICATION

Pipe Casing

1. General.

A. Work Included. Furnish labor, materials, equipment and incidentals necessary to install pipe casings by boring, or open cut as specified. This section sets forth the requirements for utility lines crossing roadways or railroads using open cut.

B. Quality Assurance.

1. Design Criteria.

a. Casing Insulators. Casing insulators shall be designed by the Manufacturer to adequately support and electrically isolate the carrier pipe within the casing pipe under all conditions. Number and location of spacing insulators shall be determined by the Manufacturer to protect carrier pipe from damages. One insulator shall be placed within 2 ft. of ends of casing.

2. Installer’s Qualifications. Installation shall be by a competent, experienced con-tractor or sub-contractor. The installation contractor shall have a satisfactory experience record of at least 3 years engaged in similar work of equal scope.

3. Performance Requirements. Lateral or vertical variation in the final position of the pipe casing from the line and grade established by the Engineer shall be permitted only to the extent of 1 in. in 10 ft., provided that such variation shall be regular and only in the direction that will not detrimentally affect the function of the carrier pipe.

C. Submittals. Provide shop drawings of casing insulators including sketches of insulators with material components and dimensions and proposed locations of insulators.

D. Standards.

AWWA C-206 “Field Welding of Steel Water Pipe” AWWA C-210 “Liquid Epoxy Coating Systems for the Interior and

Exterior of Steel Water Pipelines” AASHTO M-190 “Bituminous Coated Corrugated Metal Culvert Pipe and

Pipe Arches” AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges, 1993.

ASTM A-123

“Zinc (Hot Dipped Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and

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Steel Products” ASTM A-135 “Electric - Resistance - Welded Steel Pipe” ASTM A-139 “Electric - Fusion (Arc) - Welded Steel Pipe” (NPS4 and

Over) ASTM A-153 “Zinc Coating (Hot Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware” ASTM A-307 “Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60,000 PSI Tensile

Strength” ASTM A-449 “Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolts and Studs”

ASTM A-

568/A568M

“Steel, Carbon, and High Strength, Low Alloy, Hot- Rolled and Cold- Rolled for Commercial Quality”

ASTM C-76 “Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe”

ASTM D-4254 “Test Methods for Minimum Index Density of Soils and Calculation of Relative Density”

E. Delivery and Storage. [Not Used]

F. Job Conditions; Permits and Easement Requirements.

1. Where the work is in the public right-of-way or railroad company right-of-way, the Owner will secure the appropriate permits or easements. The Contractor shall observe regulations and instructions of the right-of-way Owner as to the methods of performing the work and take precautions for the safety of the property and the public. Negotiations and coordination with the right-of-way Owner shall be carried on by the Contractor, not less than 5 days prior to the time of his intentions to begin work on the right-of-way.

2. Comply with the requirements of the permit and/or easement. The work within the Texas Department of Transportation (TXDOT) shall comply with TXDOT specifications. If required by the Right-of-Way Owner, obtain Protective Liability Insurance in the amount required by the particular company or other insurance as is specified in the permit at no additional cost to the Owner. Acquire a permit, agreement, or work order from the right-of-way Owner as is required.

3. Construction along roads and railroads shall be performed in such manner that the excavated material be kept off the roads and railroads at all times, as well as, all operating equipment. Construction shall not interfere with the operations of the roads and railroads.

4. Barricades, warning signs, and flagmen, when necessary and specified, shall be provided by the Contractor.

5. No blasting shall be allowed. Existing pipelines are to be protected. The Contractor shall verify location and elevation of any pipe lines and telephone cable before proceeding with the construction and plan his construction so as to avoid damage to the existing pipe lines or telephone cables. Verification of location of existing utilities shall be the complete responsibility of the Contractor.

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G. Options.

1. Casing Material. Unless specified otherwise, the Contractor may use steel pipe, or reinforced concrete pipe, where bore is specified. Unless specified otherwise, the Contractor may use steel pipe or reinforced concrete pipe where open cut casing is specified. The material specification for casing pipe are the minimum acceptable.

The Contractor shall be fully responsible to insure the materials used are of sufficient strength for the installation method chosen and the soil conditions encountered.

2. Bore Methods. Unless specified otherwise, the Contractor may use boring, or jacking, for the installation method of casing material. Tunnel liner plate shall not be used where bore or jack methods are used. The Contractor shall be fully responsible to insure the methods used are adequate for the protection of workers, pipe, property, and the public. Provide a finished product as required.

H. Guarantees. [Not used]

2. Products.

A. Materials.

1. Steel Pipe. Steel casing pipe shall have a minimum yield strength of 35,000 psi.

Casing shall meet ASTM A-36, ASTM A-568, ASTM A-135, ASTM A-139, or approved equal. Pipe shall be coated and lined in accordance with AWWA C-210 or approved equal. Pipe joints shall be welded in accordance with AWWA C-206.

After pipe is welded, coating and lining shall be repaired. Unless specified otherwise, the minimum wall thickness of steel casing pipe shall be as follows:

Casing Diameter Wall Thickness

4” - 24” 25” - 42” 43” - 60”

0.25” 0.375” 0.50”

2. Reinforced Concrete Pipe. Pipe casing shall conform to ASTM C-76 and shall be of the size, class and length specified. Pipe shall be a minimum of Class IV for 42

in. and smaller diameters and a minimum of Class V for diameter larger than 42 in.

B. Mixes.

1. Cement Mortar. Shall consist of 1 part cement to 2 parts clean sand with sufficient water to make a thick workable mix.

2. Pressure Grout Mix. Comprised of 1 cu. ft. of cement and 3.5 cu. ft. of clean fine sand with sufficient water added to provide a free flowing thick slurry. If desired to maintain solids in the mixture in suspension, one cu. ft. of commercial grade bentonite may be added to each 12 to 15 cu. ft. of the slurry.

C. Fabrication. [Not Used]

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D. Manufactured Products.

1. Casing Insulators. Use casing insulators for any type of carrier pipe. Insulators shall consist of pre-manufactured steel bands with plastic lining and plastic runners.

Insulators shall fit snug over the carrier pipe and position the carrier pipe approximately in the center of the casing pipe, to provide adequate clearance between the carrier pipe bell and the casing pipe. Fasteners for insulators shall be stainless steel or cadmium-plated. Insulators shall be as manufactured by Cascade Waterworks Manufacturing Company or Pipeline Seal and Insulators, Incorporated or Perry Equipment Corporation.

2. Mortar Bands. Concrete cylinder pipe and mortar coated steel pipe may have thickened outside mortar bands in lieu of casing insulators. Mortar bands shall be properly position the pipe within the casing.

3. Execution.

A. Preparation. [Not Used]

B. General Construction Procedures.

1. Excavation and Backfill of Access Pits.

a. Do not allow excavation over the limits of the bore as specified. Trench walls of access pits adjacent to the bore face shall be truly vertical. Shore the trench walls as necessary to protect workmen, the public, structures, roadways, and other improvements.

b. Excavations within the right-of-way and not under surfacing shall be backfilled and consolidated by tamping in 6 in. horizontal layers to 95% of maximum density as measured by ASTM D-698. Surplus material shall be removed from the right-of-way and the excavation finished to original grades. Backfill pits immediately after the installation of the carrier pipe is completed. If carrier pipe is not installed immediately after casing pipe installation, the Right-of- Way Owner may require the access pits be temporally backfilled until installation of carrier pipe.

c. Where seeding or sodding is disturbed by excavation or backfilling operations, such areas shall be replaced by seeding or sodding as specified in the North Central Texas Council of Governments Standard Specifications for Public Works Construction, Third Edition, Division 6, Underground Conduit Construction.

2. Installing Carrier Pipe In Casings.

a. Pipe to be installed within the casing shall meet the requirements for this type of pipe as specified. Where indicated, place, align, and anchor guide rails and/or casing insulators inside the casing. If guide rails are used, place cement mortar on both sides of the rails.

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b. Pull or skid pipe into place inside the casing. Lubricants such as flax soap or drilling mud may be used to ease pipe installation. Do not use petroleum products, oil or grease for this purpose. If guide rails are used, install pipe and hold down jacks after installation of carrier pipe.

c. After installation of the carrier pipe, mortar inside and outside of the joints as applicable.

d. After carrier pipe installation is complete, seal or plug the ends of the casing.

3. Free Air System. If required by OSHA standards, free-air systems shall be installed and maintained.

4. Installation of Pressure Grout Mix.

a. Install pressure grout mix in the void space between the outside of the casing pipe and the excavation. For bore or jacks with casing pipe, install pressure grout mix immediately upon completion of setting casing pipe.

b. Grout fittings shall be fabricated into casing pipe at a maximum spacing of 6 ft.

Remove and plug grout fittings after pressure grouting.

c. Install pressure grout from the low end for all crossings where grout fittings are not used. Seal the low end and pressure grout until grout is extruded from the opposite end.

C. Crossings Installed By Borings.

1. Perform the boring from the low or downstream end unless specified otherwise.

Bore the holes mechanically and use a pilot hole. By this method, an approximate 2

in. pilot hole shall be bored the entire length of the crossing and shall be checked for line and grade. This pilot hole shall serve as the centerline of the larger diameter hole to be bored. Place excavated material near the top of the working pit and dispose of material as required. The use of water or other fluids in connection with the boring operation will be permitted only to the extent to lubricate cuttings.

Jetting shall not be permitted.

2. In unconsolidated soil formations, a gel-forming colloidal drilling fluid consisting of at least 10% of high grade carefully processed bentonite may be used to consolidate cuttings of the bit, seal the walls of the hole, and furnish lubrication for subsequent removal of cuttings and installation of the pipe immediately thereafter.

3. In locations where the soil formation is other than consolidated rock, insert the casing pipe simultaneously with the boring operation. This requirement applies to all bored holes of 18 in. or greater in diameter. For smaller diameter bored holes, it is desirable that the casing be installed as the boring progresses, but because of differences in soil formations, the time for inserting the casing shall be the Contractor’s responsibility. In the event that caving sand or water bearing materials are encountered, insert the casing pipe simultaneously with the boring operation regardless of the diameter of the bored hole. In all cases, the security and integrity of the roadway is the primary concern. The Contractor shall be held fully

6-6 5202 responsible for the continued integrity of the structure of the roadway being crossed, whether or not a casing pipe is inserted simultaneously with the boring operation.

D. Crossing with Casing Installed by Open Cut. This article covers the requirements for the construction of crossings where pipe casing is required for installation by the open cut method. Excavation, backfill, and embedment of casing pipe shall be as specified in the North Central Texas Council of Governments Standard Specifications for Public Works Construction, Third Edition, Division 6, Underground Conduit Construction.

All other requirements shall be as specified herein.

E. Field Quality Control. [Not Used]

F. Clean and Adjust. [Not Used]

G. Schedules. [Not Used]

4. Measurement. This Item will be measured by the foot.

5. Payment. The work performed and materials furnished in accordance with this Item and measured as provided under “Measurement” will be paid for at the unit price bid for “Pipe Casing” of the type and size specified. This price is full compensation for furnishing, hauling and laying of casing, replacement of topsoil; replacing landscaping to a condition as good or better than existed prior to construction; protecting or replacing existing structures, sidewalks or utilities; relocation of existing utilities; disposal of surplus materials; cleaning up and maintenance; surveying and replacement of monuments; dust control; removal of mud from roadways; and any incidental work and materials not otherwise provided for in these Specifications, all in strict accordance with the Contract Drawings and Project Specifications.

WC 101-1 11-2010

SPECIAL SPECIFICATION

WC 101

SOIL RIPPING

PART 1- GENERAL

1.1 DESCRIPTION

Perform soil ripping on designated areas according to the plans or as directed.

1.2 RELATED ITEMS

A. Item 161-WC 001 “Compost”

B. Item WC 102 “Mulch”

C. Item 164-WC 001 “Seeding for Erosion Control”

D. Item WC 105 “Biodegradable Erosion Control Logs”

1.3 MEASUREMENT

The process will be measured by the square yard.

1.4 PAYMENT

The work performed and furnished in accordance with this Item and Measured as provided under

“Measurement” will be paid for at the unit price bid for “Soil Ripping”. This price is full compensation for labor, equipment, tools, supplies, and incidentals.

1.5 QUALITY CONTROL SUBMITTALS

Submit soil ripping equipment data for approval, prior to installation.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

PART 3 – EXECUTION

3.1 SEQUENCING

A. Complete final grading in accordance with the plans or as directed.

B. Soil ripping should be performed prior to the installation of compost and/or topsoil, mulch, and/or native grass seeding and wildflower seeding.

3.2 CONSTRUCTION

A. Installation:

1. Perform soil ripping parallel and perpendicular (in both directions) to the slope at location, groove spacing, and depth shown on the plans as well as any additional areas that have been compacted during construction activities to achieve a standard proctor density of 80-85% in channels and 70-75% in non-channel areas.

2. All soil surfaces with a slope of 3:1 or less that are compacted due to equipment traffic should be ripped.

3. If construction activities are on-going, repeat procedure as necessary.

3.3 MAINTENANCE

A. Routinely inspect the soil ripping weekly during construction and within 24 hours after every one-half inch (1/2”) or greater rainfall event. Inspections should ensure that:

1. No slumping of the rips has occurred.

2. The ripping was installed at the appropriate depth and spacing.

3. The contour rips are parallel and perpendicular to the slope.

B. If major slumping or slope failure occurs, the area should be regraded, and reseeded. If minor slumping or rills occur, the specified topsoil and/ot compost and seeding for the area in the plans may be applied, at the discretion of the Owner’s Representative.

C. Continue to inspect the area on a weekly basis until vegetation has been established.

WC 102-1 11-2010

WC 102

MULCH

Furnish and install mulch as shown on the plans or as directed.

A. Item WC 105 “Biodegradable Erosion Control Logs”

B. Item 161-WC 001 “Compost”

C. Item WC 103 “Mulch Topdressing”

1.3 MEASUREMENT & PAYMENT

Not measured or paid directly. This item is subsidiary to other items of the contract.

1.4 QUALITY CONTROL SUBMITTALS

A. Submit one (1) pound sample of on-site shredded mulch for approval.

B. Submit imported organic mulch product data and supplier information, including product composition, as well as a one (1) pound sample for approval.

C. A statement that the shredded mulch has met the decomposition process.

2.1 MATERIALS

A. Mulch can be on-site shredded organic mulch or an imported organic mulch product.

1. Mulch can be comprised of wood chips, shredded bark, shredded landscape trimmings, or coarse compost material originating from the 3-county Central Texas region (Williamson, Travis and Hays).

2. Mulch to be shredded with no pieces greater than three (3) inches in length and with all pieces passing through a two (2) to three (3) inch screen.

3. Invasive species should be excluded from mulch.

4. Color: natural wood.

5. Contamination: less than 0.5% weight by volume.

6. Mulch to have undergone a decomposition process either on site or at a supplier’s location.

A. For mulch material that has not gone through the stockpiling and decomposition process:

Following removal of the existing vegetation from the site, shred the material to the specified size, and place in a stockpile on-site. Complete the decomposition process in stockpile prior to installation or use of mulch at depths specified on plans. If using the mulch for dust control, compaction control, or on existing vegetation to remain, place immediately after the completion of the decomposition process.

A. Installation

1. Shred trees and vegetation to the specified size requirements.

2. Apply Nitrogen at the rate of one (1) part Nitrogen to ten (10) parts mulch.

3. Stockpile the mulch and allow to sit or cook for a period of no less than three (3) weeks if the temperature is above 70F. If the temperature is below 70F, extend the sitting or cooking time to five (5) to six (6) weeks.

WC 102-2 11-2010

4. Turn the stockpile at least twice per week during the sitting or cooking period.

5. Stockpiles should be surrounded by biodegradable erosion control logs within 24 hours of placement to prevent run-off of the material.

WC 103-1 11-2010

WC 103

MULCH TOPDRESSING

Furnish and install mulch topdressing as shown in the plans or as directed.

A. Item WC 102 “Mulch”

1.3 MEASUREMENT

This item will be measured by the cubic yard.

1.4 PAYMENT

The work performed and the materials furnished in accordance with this Item and measured as provided under “Measurement” will be paid for at the unit price bid for “Mulch Topdressing.” This price is full compensation for furnishing materials, including mowing, labor, equipment, maintenance, tools, supplies, and incidentals.

1.5 QUALITY CONTROL SUBMITTALS

A. Submit samples and product data in conformance with Item WC 102 “Mulch”, Part 1, 1.4

“Quality Control Submittals.”

A. Mulch

As specified in Item WC 102 “Mulch”

A. Apply mulch topdressing to vehicular drives, under driplines of existing trees, and to other designated locations, as specified on the plans or as directed after rough grading operations are complete.

A. Vegetation Removal

1. Remove vegetation as shown in the plans or as directed.

2. Conduct mulching operations at approved locations.

3. Stockpile mulch in locations shown on plans or as directed. Reference Item WC 102

“Mulch” for stockpiling specifications.

B. Site Preparation

1. Grade and remove debris, unsatisfactory soil materials and obstructions from surface prior to mulch application.

2. Remove top growth of vegetation to ensure that the mulch contacts the surface material.

C. Installation

1. Apply mulch topdressing evenly at depths and locations as indicated in the drawings or as directed.

2. Do not roll, tamp or compact mulch topdressing.

WC 103-2 11-2010

3. Apply mulch topdressing under driplines of existing tree locations for moisture retention and inhibiting of invasive growth as shown on plans at a minimum depth of five (5) inches and a maximum depth of eighteen (18) inches. Do not pile the mulch against tree trunks or root flares.

4. Spread mulch on vehicle drives for compaction reduction and dust abatement at a maximum eighteen (18) inch depth.

5. Contractor should remove and dispose of mulch topdressing in areas designated for seeding prior to seed installation.

A. Requirements

a. Replace the mulch topdressing immediately if loosened or missing.

b. After the completion of construction, mulch topdressing shall be spread out or removed to ensure the total depth surrounding the critical root zones of vegetation is between five (5) and six (6) inches. Depth should not exceed six (6) inches.

B. Schedule

a. The mulch topdressing should be inspected weekly, in accordance with the Stormwater

Pollution Prevention Plan and within 24 hours after every one half inch (½”) or greater rain event until project completion to identify loosened or missing mulch cover.

WC 104-1 11-2010

WC 104

WILDFLOWER SEEDING

Provide and install wildflower seeding as shown in the plans or as directed.

A. Item 164-WC 001 “Seeding for Erosion Control”

B. Item 636 “Aluminum Signs”

C. Item 644 “Small Roadside Sign Supports and Assemblies”

1.3 REFERENCES

A. Federal Seed Act

B. Texas Seed Law

1.4 MEASUREMENT

A. Seeding items will be measured by the square yard, by the acre, or by the pound.

1.5 PAYMENT

A. The work performed and the materials furnished in accordance with this Item and measured as provided under “Measurement” will be paid for at the unit price bid for “Wildflower Seeding.”

This price is full compensation for furnishing materials, including seed, mowing, labor, equipment, maintenance, tools, supplies and incidentals.

1.6 QUALITY CONTROL SUBMITTALS

A. Submit product data including plant tags and seed certification for wildflower seed mix for approval.

B. Submit seeding equipment method, manufacturer and data for approval.

C. Submit product data and sample for sign in accordance with Tex-726-I.

A. Wildflower Seed

Provide seed as shown in the plans or as directed, meeting the requirements of the Federal Seed

Act and Texas Seed Law, including the testing and labeling for pure live seed (PLS= Purity and

Germination). Minimum purity shall be 50%. The seed test to be conducted by the State Seed

Laboratory, and a seed test report shall be submitted in accordance with 1.6, “Quality Control

Submittals.” Each type (mix) of seed shall be mixed by the supplier and delivered in labeled and unopened bags or containers, unless otherwise approved by the Owner’s representative. The

Contractor shall not blend the seed mixes on site. Use within twelve (12) months from that date of analysis.

Seeds shall be stored in a dry, well-ventilated location away from contaminants. Seed storage humidity level should be lower than 75%. Store any unused seed in a water resistant container.

If seed will be stored longer than one (1) year, the optimal temperature range would be 40-60F.

During transit (from storage to sowing), seed should be protected from dramatic temperature fluctuations day after day; temperature cannot exceed 100F at any time. Seed must remain dry and protected from sun exposure. The transit period may not exceed ten (10) days.

WC 104-2 11-2010

Wildflower seed shall be obtained from any three of the approved providers:

a. Native American Seed, Junction TX. 1-800-728-4043

b. Wildseed Farms, Fredericksburg, TX. 1-800-848-0078

c. Douglas W. King Company, San Antonio, TX. 1-888-357-3337

B. No Mowing Notice Sign

As specified in Item 636 “Aluminum Signs.”

C. Sign Support

As specified in Item 644 “Small Roadside Sign Supports and Assemblies.”

A. Install wildflower seed after native grass establishment.

B. Remove all invasive species.

C. Mow established grass and other low growing vegetation in wildflower seeding areas shown on plans to a maximum height of four (4) inches, or six (6) inches if in a location where permanent soil retention blanket exists, as specified in Item 40, Mowing.

A. Site Preparation

1. Remove all invasive species. Invasive species, either living plants or weed seed, shall be minimized at the site using appropriate herbicide application and/or weed-free soil amendments. Mow, burn, or apply herbicides as needed to control unwanted vegetation in accordance with Invasive Species Control or as directed.

2. Mow established grass to four (4) inches if seeding into established vegetation.

3. Scarify the soil surface by dragging a harrow across the ground using equipment that will not compact or uproot existing vegetation. Tilling and compost application shall not be used in Wildflower Seeding.

4. Seed area in accordance with the plans or as directed, with regard to installation specification below.

B. Installation

Seeds should not be buried at a depth over ¼”.

1. Broadcast Seeding

All areas shown to be seeded in the plans must be broadcast unless otherwise directed by the Engineer. Broadcast seed using hand or mechanical distribution in a uniform manner.

Coordinate the application rate setting with the Owner’s Representative prior to application.

Apply seed on the surface of compost or topsoil. The seedbed should be culti-packed, or rolled, before and after seeding to ensure seed contact with the soil. Roll the seeding areas along slope contours. Wind speed should be fifteen (15) mph or less during seeding. Up to one-third of the seed may remain on top of the soil surface.

2. No-Till Drill Seeding

No-till drill seed only as directed by the Engineer All areas shown in the plans to be seeded must be drill seeded unless directed by the Engineer. This method is appropriate in locations where compost modified topsoil is not specified. Use a no-till drill to reduce the risk of erosion and loss of seed. Ensure the drill opening size is adequate to allow free movement of full range of seed sizes being planted. Coordinate the application rate setting with the Owner’s Representative prior to application. Plant seed parallel to the contour of the slopes.

C. Seeding Schedule

1. September 21st to November 7th : apply wildflower seed mix

2. November 8th to September 20th: do not apply wildflower seed mix during this period.

WC 104-3 11-2010

D. Vegetative Watering

Provide vegetative watering to seeded areas shown on the plan immediately after seed installation for healthy vegetative establishment, in accordance with Item 168-WC 001, “Vegetative Watering” or as directed.

E. No Mow Signs

At final acceptance, post signs at locations indicated on the plans or as directed to prevent mowing of established native grass stands.

A. Requirements

1. Maintain the wildflower areas during and after construction until the certificate of completion is issued.

2. Maintain the wildflower areas to establish vigorous growth and plant establishment of wildflower mix. Establish an overall vegetative cover of 70-80% minimum with no single bare area larger than 100 SF. Areas should have at least 30% of species diversity and be four (4) to six (6) inches in height.

3. Watering of the wildflower seed shall be in accordance with Item 168-WC 001, “Vegetative Watering.”

4. Posted signs should be repaired or replaced immediately if found to be damaged or missing.

B. Schedule

1. Inspect the wildflower areas weekly and within 24 hours after each rain event of one half inch (1/2”) or more. Restore eroded areas to finished grade and reseed.

2. Reseed areas that have not established if wildflower cover is less than 80% of coverage

(TCEQ, 2005).

3. Inspect seeded areas every two weeks during establishment phase to check for invasive species, refer to Invasive Species Control.

CITY OF LEANDER

PREFERRED PLANT LIST

Shade Trees Arizona Cypress Bur Oak Cedar Elm Chinquapin Oak Escarpment Live Oak Lacey Oak Monterey Oak Pecan Pistachio (Texas) Red Oak Texas Ash Texas Red Oak (Spanish Oak)

Street Trees Cedar Elm Drake Elm Bigtooth Maple Chinquapin Oak Monterey Oak Red Oak Texas Ash Pecan

Ornamental Trees American Smoke Tree Anacacho Orchid Tree Carolina Buckthorn Chitalpa Crape Myrtle Desert Willow Escarpment Black Cherry Eve’s Necklace Evergreen Sumac Goldenball Lead Tree

Kidneywood Mexican Buckeye Mexican Plum Possumhaw Holly Red Buckeye Rough Leaf Dogwood Rusty Blackhaw Viburnum Texas Mountain Laurel (evergreen) Texas Persimmon Texas Pistache (evergreen) Texas Redbud Yaupon Holly (evergreen)

Evergreen Shrubs Large Abelia Agarita Agave Burford Holly Bush Germander Cenizo/Texas

Sage/Autumn Sage (Salvia Greggii)

Cotoneaster Primrose Jasmine

Small Dwarf Chinese Holly Dwarf Palmetto Dwarf Yaupon Holly Texas Sotol Yucca

Deciduous Shrubs Large Flowering Senna Fragrant Sumac Sage Skull Cap

Small Bamboo Muhly Big Muhly Black Dalea Deer Muhly Flame Acanthus Gulf Muhly Inland Sea Oats Lantana Mexican Feather Grass Mountain Sage Sideoats Grama Wooly Butterfly Bush Yellow Bells

Groundcovers Artemisia Asian Jasmine Aztec Grass Creeping Germander Frog Fruit (deciduous) Gregg Dalea (deciduous) Liriope Meadow Sedge Monkey Grass Mountain Pea (deciduous) Oregano Trailing Rosemary

EXHIBIT C

List of Invasive Plants Not Acceptable for Use

The following list comes from the August 2004 edition of the Grow Green Guide to Native and Adapted Landscape Plants.

Trees to Avoid Ashe Juniper Juniperus ashei Chinaberry Melia azedarach Chinese Parasol Tree Firmiana simplex Chinese Pistache Pistacia chinensis Chinese Tallow Sapium sebiferum Mimosa (non-native) Albizzia julibrissin Paper Mulberry Broussonetia papyrifera Salt Cedar Tamarisk spp.

Tree of Heaven Ailanthus altissima Vitex Vitex agnus-castus White Mulberry Morus alba

Shrubs to Avoid Chinese Photinia Photinia spp.

Common Privet Ligustrum sinense, L. vulgare Japanese Ligustrum Ligustrum lucidum Nandina (berrying varieties) Nandina domestica Pyracantha Pyracantha spp.

Russian Olive Elaeagnus angustifolia Wax Leaf Ligustrum Ligustrum japonicum

Vines to Avoid Cat’s Claw Vine Macfadyena unguis-cati English Ivy Hedera helix Japanese Honeysuckle Lonicera japonica Kudzu Pueraria lobata Vinca Vinca major, V. Minor Wisteria (non-native) Wisteria sinensis, W. floribunda

Other Plants to Avoid Elephant Ear Alocasia spp., Colocasia spp.

Giant Cane Arundo donax Holly Fern Cyrtomium falcatum Running Bamboo Phyllostachys aurea

Ground Cover to Avoid Bermuda (Seeding Varieties) Cynodon dactylon Johnson Grass Sorghum halepense

Te xa s A gr iLi fe

E xt en sio n

Ci ty o f A us tin an earthwise guide for Central Texas

Landscape Plants Native and Adapted

Find your perfect plant with our online search tool!

an earthwise guide for Central Texas Landscape Plants Native and Adapted

This guide is to help you in your efforts to protect and preserve our water resources.

KeyContents Trees

Small Trees & Large Shrubs

Shrubs (including Roses)

Perennials

Yuccas, Agaves, Succulents, Cacti, & Sotols

Ornamental & Prairie Grasses

Vines

Groundcovers

Turfgrasses

Invasive Plants to Avoid

Native to E Edwards Plateau, Rocky, Western Zone: shallow, limestone or caliche soil (generally on the west side of Austin) B Blackland Prairie, Eastern Zone: Deeper, dark, clay soils (generally on the east side of Austin) B/E Native to both Edwards Plateau and Blackland Prairie T Native to Texas (not a part of Edwards Plateau or Blackland Prairie) X Hybrid plant with native Texas parentage

For additional native plant information, visit the plant section of the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center website at www.wildflower.org

Height and Spread Height and spread are provided in ranges. The maximum heights reflect ideal conditions.

Utility Approved Trees Plants appropriate for use near overhead and underground utilities should not exceed 20’ (call 811 at least 3 business days before you plan to dig).

Light Sun needs at least 6-8 hours of full, direct sun Sun/Part Shade can take anywhere from 4-8 hours of sun. Typically these plants bloom more in sun but require less water in part shade Shade less than 4 hours of direct sun; or dappled light for 6-8 hours

Evergreen or Deciduous E Evergreen SE Semi-evergreen D Deciduous

Water Refers to the plant’s water needs during the growing season after they are established. The majority of plants require more frequent watering while becoming established. For Austin’s current water restrictions, variances and other irrigation information visit: www.WaterWiseAustin.org

VL Very Low (Water occasionally, if no significant rainfall for 30 days) L Low (Water thoroughly every 3-4 weeks if no significant rainfall) M Medium (Water thoroughly every 2-3 weeks if no significant rainfall. Most plants in the guide with this designation prefer shade so the soil does not dry out as quickly) H High (Water thoroughly every 5-7 days if no rainfall).

Due to the City’s efforts to conserve water, there are only a few plants with this designation and they should be placed in areas that are naturally moist and/or receive stormwater runoff

Wildlife X Most Texas native plants provide greater wildlife value than hybrid, non-native and/or exotic plants.

Flowers, nectar, leaves, fruits and nuts provide food for wildlife; these plants also provide essential cover for nesting and raising young. To learn more visit:

www.AustinTexas.gov/Department/Wildlife-Austin

For more information on deer-resistant, fire-resistant, rain garden and poisonous plants, see page 52

To help you create your landscape design, community members can find resources available at www.austintexas.gov/department/landscape-design.

Cover Photo: Fall Asters and Agave

C on te nt s

Ke y

Introduction

Gardening, “Austin-style...”

The City of Austin created this guide to help you select plants that are native and adapted to the Austin area. These plants tend to be drought-tolerant;

need little if any supplemental fertilizer; are resistant to most diseases and pests; and many provide habitat and food sources for local wildlife. By using less water, fertilizer, & chemicals in your yard, you contribute to conserving and protecting our precious water sources – our streams, lakes, and aquifers.

Plant the right plant in the right place to achieve a thriving earth-wise landscape. Plants from other parts of the country are often poorly suited to Central Texas conditions. Therefore, it is essential to understand the regional climate as well as site-specific conditions. Our climate varies from year to year - conditions include temperatures from freezing to over 100°F, drought, large rainstorm events, and flooding. Some years we may get a hard freeze, and some we might not.

The environmental conditions across Austin vary quite a bit, so it is critical to evaluate your specific site conditions. For example, consider the soil type and depth, sun and shade patterns, and microclimate factors.

We hope you enjoy using this guide to bring a touch of Austin’s natural beauty to your landscape.

Visit www.GrowGreen.org for more earth-wise gardening information.

Arizona Cypress

Montezuma Cypress Cedar Elm

Bald Cypress

Honey Mesquite

Eastern Red Cedar

Bur Oak Chinquapin OakBigtooth Maple

Black Cherry

T re es

Cedar, Eastern Red Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana B 30-

50'+ 15- 25' Sun E Year round Evergreen leaves L X Columnar, spreading shape; needs deep soil; good screen plant; Ashe Juniper, J. ashei, (mistakenly called Cedar) is a native alternative for shallow soils; provides food & habitat for wildlife; does not need pruning

Cherry, Black Prunus serotina var. exima B 25-

50'+ 35' Sun D Spring

White flower;

yellow fall foliage

M X Attractive shape; fall color; fragrant flowers; glossy leaves; fruit-bearing; not for heavy, clay soils; needs moist location; foliage can be fatal if consumed; attracts birds, butterflies, and pollinators; prune for shape or to raise the canopy

Cypress, Arizona Cupressus arizonica T 25-

50'+ 15- 25' Sun E Year round Blue-silver foliage

VL X

Suited to well-drained, limestone soils; attractive, peeling red bark;

some disease problems; native to the Chisos Mountains; provides food and habitat for wildlife; prune to shape, if needed

Cypress, Bald Taxodium distichum B/E 60-

100' 35- 50'+

Sun/Part Shade D Fall Copper foliage M X For riparian/moist, deep soil, or poor drainage conditions only; foliage dries up in dry, hot locations; obtain plants of western seed source; bird habitat; does not need pruning

Cypress, Montezuma Taxodium mucronatum T 60-

100' 25- 50'+

Sun/Part Shade D Fall Bronze foliage H X Like Bald Cypress but faster growth and more adapted to dry conditions; may freeze in severe winters; native to south Texas; provides food & habitat for wildlife; does not need pruning

Elm, Cedar Ulmus crassifolia B/E 50-

75' 25- 35'

Sun/Part Shade D Fall Gold foliage VL X Upright form; native; adapted to rocky soils; can withstand poorly drained, clay soils, and/ or moderately compacted soils; seeds are a food source for wildlife; prune to shape or raise the canopy if needed

Honey Mesquite Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa B/E 25-

40' 25- 30' Sun D

March to

September

Creamy white flowers

VL X

2-3" long blooms; bright green foliage and weeping shape; very slow growing; thorns;

excellent nectar and food source for wildlife; Thornless Mesquite is Prosopis chilensis;

prune to shape or raise the canopy if needed

Maple, Bigtooth Acer grandidentatum E 20-

50' 20- 30'

Sun/Part Shade D Fall

Red and gold foliage M X Best maple for alkaline soils; outstanding fall color; seeds, buds, & flowers provide food to wildlife; prune to shape or raise the canopy if needed

Oak, Bur Quercus macrocarpa B/E 50-

70'+ 30- 50'+ Sun D Spring Large acorns VL X Large, majestic tree; very adaptable; needs plenty of space and deep soil; moderate growth rate; acorns provide food for wildlife; prune to shape or raise the canopy if needed

Oak, Chinquapin Quercus muhlenbergii B/E 50-

70'+ 30- 40' Sun D Fall

Yellow and rust foliage

L X Stately form; provide deep soil; moderate growth rate; acorns provide food for wildlife;

prune to shape or raise the canopy if needed

Eliminate crossing branches on trees when you can. Shape trees in the first three years after planting to produce an attractive mature specimen. Avoid planting trees with fruit near sidewalks, pools, and porches because they can be messy. For more tree care tips, see the Grow Green Tree Care and Installation and Maintenance fact sheets. Did you know? Trees receive protection in Austin once they reach 19" in diameter on single-family lots and 8" in diameter on multi-family and commercial properties. For more information, visit www.AustinTexas.gov/Department/Tree-Information-Center. To report concerns about trees, dial 3-1-1.

Trees

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Mexican BuckeyeAnacua

Mexican White Oak

Mexican Sycamore

Arroyo Sweetwood

Texas Palmetto

Anacacho Orchid

Pecan

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Texas Red Oak

Southern Live OakLacey Oak

Trees Sm all Trees & Large Shrubs

Oak, Lacey Quercus laceyi E 30-50'+ 25' Sun/Part

Shade D Spring -fall

Blue-green foliage VL X

Ideal for small urban yards; slow growth rate; will grow on shallow, limestone soils;

resistant to oak wilt; susceptible to oak phylloxera insects; provides habitat for birds and acorns are a food source for wildlife; prune to shape or raise canopy if needed

Oak, Mexican White Quercus polymorpha T 45-60'+ 30-

40' Sun SE Spring New foliage peach

VL X

Handsome tree; provide deep soil; sheds its leaves in spring when new leaves emerge;

small population native to West Texas; resistant to oak wilt; susceptible to oak phylloxera insects; acorns are a food source for wildlife; prune to shape or raise the canopy if needed

Oak, Southern Live Quercus virginiana B/E 40-60'+ 50'+ Sun/Part

Shade E Year round

Evergreen leaves L-VL X

Oak wilt susceptible; provide ample open space; evergreen but sheds its leaves in spring as new leaves emerge; if planting in shallow soil, use Escarpment Live Oak, Q. fusiformis, which is more drought-tolerant; provides food and habitat for wildlife; prune only during hottest and coldest months and paint all wounds immediately to help prevent the spread of oak wilt

Oak, Texas Red Quercus texana E 60-75'+ 15-30' Sun D Fall Red foliage in fall L X Well adapted to rocky soils; susceptible to oak wilt; use western seed source for red oaks;

Shumard Oak, Q. shumardii, is a taller, alternative, but only for deep, well-drained soil;

provides food and habitat for wildlife; prune to shape or raise the canopy

Palmetto, Texas Palm, Texas Sabal

Sabal mexicana T 45' 15' Sun/Part

Shade E Spring Small white flowers L X Not an actual tree; found in moist, wet locations and those areas with occasional flooding; provides food for wildlife; prune only to remove the dead fronds

Pecan Carya illinoinensis B 60-75'+ 60-

75' Sun D Fall Nut H X For riparian/moist, deep soil conditions only; nut-producing; susceptible to disease and insect problems; pecans are food for wildlife; many cultivars are available

Sycamore, Mexican Platanus mexicana 60' 40' Sun/Part

Shade D Fall Yellow/ orange H X

For riparian/moist, deep soil conditions only; fast-growing; resistant to bacterial leaf scorch; may not be cold tolerant; seeds are eaten by some birds; prune to shape or raise the canopy if needed

Anacacho Orchid Tree Bauhinia lunarioides T 6-12' 6-12' Sun/Part

Shade D Spring White or pink flowers L X Excellent understory tree; protect from winter winds; prefers well-drained soil; fragrant flowers attract butterflies and bees; prune to shape or raise canopy if needed

Anacua (Sandpaper Tree)

Ehretia anacua T 20-25'+ 15-30' Sun/Part

Shade SE Spring -summer

White flowers L X

Fast-growing; often suckers or is multi-trunked; provide well-drained alkaline soil; may die back in severe winters; edible fruit; attracts birds; is a nectar source for bees; prune to shape or raise canopy if needed

Arroyo Sweetwood Myrospermum sousanum up to 20'+ 15' Sun/Part

Shade D Spring White flowers; gold fall foliage

VL X Fast-growing shrub, often multi-trunked; lovely foliage; prefers alkaline soil; fragrant, showy flowers; attracts butterflies, birds, and bees; prune to shape or raise canopy if needed

Buckeye, Mexican Ungnadia speciosa E 12-20' 12-20' Sun/Part

Shade D Early spring Pink flowers L X

Multi-trunked; use as understory shrub; needs 1/2 day of sun; yellow fall foliage; 1" fragrant blooms provide nectar for bees & hummingbirds; seeds eaten by wildlife but poisonous to humans; does not need pruning

For Small Trees: see the TREES section comments. For large shrubs: if a plant is multi-stemmed leave lower branches for screening or remove them for a more open look. Look into individual species’ notes. Plants that prefer Low (L) and Very Low (VL) water can be used in rain gardens if the soil is fast draining.Small Trees & Large Shrubs

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Desert Willow KidneywoodYaupon Holly

Possumhaw Holly

Crape MyrtleCherry Laurel

Eve’s Necklace Goldenball Leadtree

Sm al l T re es

L ar ge S hr ub s

Carolina Buckthorn

Huisache

Red Buckeye

Sm all Trees &

Large Shrubs

Buckeye, Red Aesculus pavia B/E 10-20' 10-15' Shade D Spring Red flowers L-M X Red, funnel-shaped flowers; attracts hummingbirds; leaves drop early at the end of summer; prune for shape only

Carolina Buckthorn Frangula caroliniana B/E 12-20' 10-15' Sun/Part

Shade D Fall -winter

Yellow foliage L X Understory tree with glossy leaves; can withstand periodic flooding; red berries attract wildlife; flowers are good nectar source; prune to shape or raise canopy if needed

Cherry Laurel Prunus caroliniana T 15-20'+ 15' Sun/Part

Shade E Spring White flowers M X

Screening plant; avoid using in hot, dry locations; requires deep soil and even soil moisture, so is not suited for rain gardens; is susceptible to iron chlorosis; berries are food for wildlife; ‘Bright and Tight’ can be used as a large hedge

Crape Myrtle Lagerstroemia indica varies if under

20' varies Sun D Summer Varies L-M X

Often too big for selected space, so note the mature size of the cultivar (dwarf cultivars are available); large types not suited for rain gardens; needs good air circulation; choose powdery mildew resistant cultivars; aphids and scale insects can be a problem; occasionally reseeds; the fruit is a food source for birds; remove suckers but do not chop the tops

Desert Willow Chilopsis linearis E varies if under 2' 15-20' Sun/Part

Shade D Spring -fall

White, pink or burgundy VL X

The open, airy structure creates light shade underneath the canopy; trumpet-shaped, 3" long flower; provide well-drained soil; attracts hummingbirds; flowers and seeds provide food for wildlife; prune for shape or to raise the canopy; remove the suckers if needed

Eve's Necklace Styphnolobium affine E 15-20'+ 10-20'+ Sun/Part

Shade D Spring -fall

Light pink flowers VL X Small, understory tree; 4-6" drooping flower clusters; provides nectar for bees;

seeds are poisonous; prune to shape or raise the canopy, if needed

Goldenball Leadtree Leucaena retusa E 12-20'+ 12-15' Sun/Part

Shade D Spring -fall

Gold flowers VL X

Small, understory tree with 1" round globe-like fragrant blooms; airy foliage casts light shade underneath the canopy; provides habitat and food for wildlife; prune for shape or to raise the canopy if needed

Holly, Possumhaw Ilex decidua B/E 12-20' 12' Sun/Part

Shade D Fall -winter Red berries M X

Large, deciduous, multi-stemmed, shade-tolerant shrub; red berries on female plants attract birds in winter; tolerates poor drainage; like Yaupon Holly but loses its leaves in winter; prune for shape if needed

Holly, Yaupon llex vomitoria B 12-20' 10-15' Sun/Part

Shade E Winter Red berries L-M X Large, evergreen, multi-stemmed, shade-tolerant shrub; red berries on female plants are a food source for wildlife, tolerates poor drainage; fruits best in full sun; berries are poisonous for humans; prune for shape if needed

Huisache Vachellia farnesiana T 15-20' + 20' Sun SE Spring Yellow flowers VL X Excellent tree for drought-tolerant gardens; fragrant blooms; forage for wildlife; prune for shape if needed

Kidneywood Eysenhardtia texana E 8-15' 6-8' Sun/Part

Shade D Spring -fall

White flowers VL X

Fast-growing with open, airy foliage; fragrant flowers; blooms off and on through growing season; foliage smells citrusy when crushed; attracts butterflies and bees; prune for shape if needed

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L ar ge S hr ub s

Mexican RedbudMexican Plum

Windmill Palm Texas PersimmonMountain Laurel

Pomegranate

Mexican Olive

Evergreen Sumac RetamaMexican SilktasselRoughleaf Dogwood all Trees &

Large Shrubs

Mountain Laurel, Texas

Dermatophyllum secundiflora

E 12-20' 8-12' Sun/Part Shade E Spring Purple flowers VL X Slow-growing, evergreen native; showy purple flowers with grape bubble gum fragrance;

poisonous seeds; native to rocky, limestone cliffs; provide good drainage; fragrant blooms attract bees; prune to shape or raise the canopy if desired

Olive, Mexican Cordia boissieri T 15' 15' Sun/Part

Shade D Spring -summer

Gray green foliage

VL X

Furry-textured foliage; top may die in hard freeze; some report the fruit as edible but not palatable; fruit can be messy so don't plant near paved surfaces or rain gardens; prune to shape or to raise canopy if needed

Palm, Windmill Trachycarpus fortunei 25' 7-10' Sun/Part

Shade E Year round

Dark green foliage

L-VL X Palms are not true trees; tropical-looking, fan-shaped fronds; furry-looking trunks; painful spines; avoid the west sun; hardy to 5º F; can be heavy-feeders; bats nest in the fronds

Persimmon, Texas Diospyros texana E 12-20'+ 8-12' Sun/Part

Shade D Spring White flowers VL X

Multi-trunked, slow-growing; smooth, gray bark; native to shallow, rocky limestone soils;

female trees bear fruit which attracts wildlife but can be messy; prune to shape or to raise the canopy if needed

Plum, Mexican Prunus mexicana B/E 15-20'+ 15-20' Sun/Part

Shade D Spring White flowers L X

Great understory tree; early spring bloomer; provide good drainage and a fair amount of soil; fragrant flowers are nectar source; larval host; provides fruit in July-September;

prune to shape or to raise the canopy if needed

Pomegranate Punica granatum varies if under

20' varies Sun SE Summer

- fall

Orange flowers L X

Will grow on shallow, rocky, limestone soil; thorny stems; dwarf fruiting and non-fruiting cultivars are available; some have edible fruit; don't plant fruiting cultivars near paved surfaces

Redbud, Mexican Cercis canadensis var. ‘mexicana’ Redbud, Texas

Cercis canadensis var. ‘texensis’

E 10-15'

15-20' 10-15' Sun/Part

Shade D Early spring

Pinkish purple L-VL X

Mexican variety has small wavy leaves; Texas variety has leaves that are larger and less wavy; needs well-drained site; Eastern Redbud not recommended; blooms attract pollinators, and birds eat the seeds; prune to shape, raise the canopy, or remove suckers

Retama Parkinsonia aculeata T 12-20' 12-20' Sun/Part

Shade D Spring -fall

Yellow flowers VL X Green trunk and branches; seeds out; root suckers; thorns; fast-growing; short-lived;

provides habitat & food for wildlife; prune to shape or raise the canopy if needed

Roughleaf Dogwood Cornus drummondii B/E 12'-20' 15-20' Sun/Part

Shade D Spring White berries L X Give lots of space; thicket-forming and suckers extensively; use for natural areas and habitat gardens; tolerates alkaline soil; good nectar and fruit source

Silktassel, Mexican Garrya ovata spp.

lindheimeri E 5-11' 5-11' Sun/Part

Shade E Spring Green flowers L X Extremely drought and disease tolerant; must have well-drained soil to do well; fast-growing; berries are wildlife food source; good substitute for Ligustrum

Sumac, Evergreen Rhus virens E 8-10' 6-8' Sun/Part

Shade E Late summer

- winter

White blooms L X

Glossy leaves turn burgundy in cool season; needs good drainage; fuzzy, orange/red berries provide food for birds and other wildlife; prune as needed to maintain the natural form

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Sh ru bs

Sandankwa ViburnumFlameleaf Sumac

Xylosma

Little Walnut

Wax Myrtle

Aga…