CCU09890-01 Project Specifications.pdf

FLUVANNA WOMEN’S CORRECTIONAL CENTER – PARKING LOT EXPANSION

FLUVANNA COUNTY, VA

Engineer’s Project No: 10401

GENERAL SITEWORK REQUIREMENTS 010200 - 1

SECTION 010200 – GENERAL SITEWORK REQUIREMENTS

PART 1 – GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. The provisions of the Contract Documents apply to the work stipulated in this Section.

1.2 EXISTING UTILITIES

A. The location of existing underground utilities indicated on the drawings is approximate only.

Field locate all existing underground utilities in the area of work, regardless of whether or not they are indicated. Call “Miss Utility” and coordinate with the Owner’s staff prior to the start of construction for assistance in the location of existing underground utilities, pipes or services.

B. Should charted, uncharted or incorrectly charted utilities be encountered during construction, contact the Owner immediately for instructions. Cooperate with the Owner and utility companies to keep services and facilities in operation.

1.3 SITEWORK LAYOUT

A. Monuments and Benchmarks

1. Maintain all monuments, property pins, benchmarks and other reference points.

2. If such items are disturbed or destroyed during construction operations, have them replaced by a surveyor licensed in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The replacement of these items shall be at no additional expense to the Contract.

B. Layout of Work

1. Locate all existing benchmarks and other survey reference points and protect these reference points throughout the duration of construction.

2. Layout the work utilizing these survey reference points.

C. Record Drawings

1. Maintain a record of the locations of all underground utilities and piping.

2. Maintain a record of all variations of the work from the construction plans.

3. The contractor shall provide the Owner with an “As-Built” set of drawings at final completion for development of “Record Drawings” by the Engineer.

1.4 USE OF PREMISES

A. Use of Site: Limit use of premises to work in areas indicated. Do not disturb portions of Project site beyond areas in which the Work is indicated. Confine constructions operations to new construction areas and staging areas.

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GENERAL SITEWORK REQUIREMENTS 010200 - 2

B. Maintain a fire lane access through the project construction area until completion of the project.

C. Coordinate with the Owner the locations of areas on-site for parking for the contractor’s personnel, construction trailers and storage of materials. Store materials on the ground in lay-down (storage) areas in such a manner as to not restrict emergency egress.

1.5 EASEMENTS

A. Verify all existing easements or rights-of-way prior to the start of any construction within the easements by contacting the Owner. Restore all easements to the condition existing prior to the start of work.

1.6 MAINTENANCE OF TRAFFIC

A. Maintain vehicular and pedestrian traffic throughout the perimeter of this project and comply with all applicable safety requirements.

B. Coordinate any and all lane closures, parking lot closures or access drive detouring with the Owner.

1.7 SUBMITTALS

A. For all submittals, closeout documents, and record drawings requiring review by the Engineer, ship such documents directly to the Engineer for proper log-in and tracking purposes.

1.8 CORRELATION OF CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS

A. Review construction documents thoroughly prior to the start of construction.

B. Report any conflict or discrepancy discovered in the Construction Documents to the Engineer prior to the start of construction.

C. Report any conflict or discrepancy discovered between the Construction Documents and state and local governmental regulations to the Engineer prior to the start of construction.

1.9 WORK RESTRICTIONS

A. On-Site Work Hours: Work shall be generally performed on the site during normal business working hours of 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM, Monday through Friday, unless otherwise indicated.

B. Weekend Hours: As scheduled in advance with Owner.

C. Hours for Utility Shutdowns: Before 7am or after 5pm. COORDINATE WITH THE OWNER at least seventy-two hours in advance.

1.10 EXISTING UTILITIES

A. Existing Utility Interruptions: Do not interrupt utilities serving facilities occupied by Owner or others unless permitted under the following conditions and then only after arranging to provide temporary utility services according to requirements indicated:

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GENERAL SITEWORK REQUIREMENTS 010200 - 3

1. Notify Owner not less than three (3) days in advance of proposed utility interruptions.

2. Do not proceed with utility interruptions without Owner's written permission.

1.11 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS:

A. Provide security measures and temporary security fencing to protect the construction site areas during the entire contract period. Any damage to the existing buildings or surrounding site construction areas, shall be repaired or replaced, by the contractor to the satisfaction of the Owner and at no cost to the Owner. No increase in the completion time will be allowed for any security related problems.

B. Coordinate and schedule security measures with the Owner.

C. Restore adjacent areas of the site disturbed by work of this Contract. If sidewalk and paved areas are disturbed, remove damaged sections and provide new to match existing.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

Not Applicable

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PROJECT CLEAN-UP

A. Clean the site as construction progresses. Do not allow trash or other waste materials to accumulate.

B. Prior to requesting the punch-list inspection, clean the site to the following requirements:

1. Power-wash all walks and pavements. The remainder of the site shall be broom clean.

2. Remove all trash and debris from the site.

3.2 EXISTING FACILITIES

A. Preserve existing signs, markers, guardrails and fences in their original condition unless written permission is obtained for their removal and replacement.

B. Replace damaged items at no additional cost to the Contract.

END OF SECTION 010200

Engineer’s Project No: 10401

DUST CONTROL 015726 - 1

SECTION 015726 – DUST CONTROL

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. The provisions of the Contract Documents apply to the work of this Section

B. The Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook, latest edition.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. Dust control is an important part of the overall project. The Contractor will utilize a water truck and/or fire hose attached to a local hydrant during operations. Contractor will direct a localized fine water spray to the source of Work, as required, thereby reducing airborne dust particles. To minimize the run-off of water, the water supply will be used only when necessary. A proper backflow devise will be installed at the hydrant locations, if utilized.

B. Dust management includes steps that will be taken to reduce particulate matter emissions (dust) during site and infrastructure construction and includes site-specific dust suppression and monitoring requirements. Best management practices (BMP’s) are required to be implemented throughout the project. These may include wetting active construction areas, minimizing or ceasing activity during periods of high wind, sweeping paved areas, covering trucks, etc.

C. Potential Sources of Fugitive Dust. Planned site activities have the potential to generate emissions in the form of fugitive dust during Work activities. Possible emissions sources include:

1. Clearing & Grubbing - Movement of equipment around the site during clearing operations is capable of creating fugitive dust.

2. Traffic – Movement of equipment and vehicular traffic on paved or unpaved roads and parking lots around the demolition area is capable of creating fugitive dust.

3. Material Stockpiles – Stockpiles of demolition materials may create windborne dust emissions.

4. Cleanup and Grading – Grading and re-vegetating of disturbed areas may produce fugitive dust.

5. Infrastructure Trenching and Installation – Trenching, installation, and backfilling of infrastructure areas may produce fugitive dust.

6. Paving Operations – Paving operations that may produce fugitive dust.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 WATER SOURCE

A. The General Contractor shall coordinate with the appropriate entity for the filling of water trucks. The contractor will be responsible for setting up a bulk water user account with the proper entity and paying the appropriate rate fees.

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DUST CONTROL 015726 - 2

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 DUST CONTROL MEASURES

A. Dust control methods will vary based on the activities occurring at the site. Dust control methods are summarized by source below:

1. Clearing Activities - Dust control measures will include water spraying/misting to control dust during any demolition activities. Bulk load out of loose salvage or waste material will be monitored for fugitive dust emissions. Load out activities may require the material to be pre-wetted or sprayed as loaded to inhibit fugitive dust emissions

2. Traffic & Material Track-Out - Track-out of loose materials will be controlled using stabilized construction entrances (gravel pads) installed at the primary project access points to prevent tracking of sediment and mud on to public roadways. The gravel pads will be installed according to the specifications provided in the Erosion and Sediment Control provisions of the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan for the site. Any visible track-out on a paved public road at any location where vehicles exit the work site must be removed. Removal must be done using brooms, wet sweeping, a vacuum device or a combination of these BMP’s as needed.

3. Traffic – Dust Emissions from Equipment and Vehicular Traffic on Driving Surfaces - All project vehicles will enter the construction site through gravel pads that will be located at the primary construction entrances. Traffic will follow marked traffic routes to and from the designated work area(s). No off-road travel is permitted unless approved by project management. Project personnel are to obey posted speed limits to prevent wind turbulence and associated dust generated at higher vehicle and equipment velocities.

4. Traffic – Off-Site Transport - All vehicles that are used to transport solid bulk material and that have the potential to cause visible emissions from the load will either be equipped or provided with a tarp cover. Prior to exiting the site, vehicles will be checked to ensure that they are tarped and to remove any excess material on exterior surfaces of the cargo compartment. All off-site haul trucks will access the site via paved access roads and established gravel pads. Site personnel will be stationed at the primary project access point to monitor inflow/outflow to and from the site as necessary and will be responsible for inspecting all vehicles entering and exiting the site.

5. Visible Dust Crossing the Property Boundary - In the event visual dust from demolition or construction activities is observed crossing the property boundary, the following procedures will be followed to ensure adequate mitigation measures are in place to address the dust: The specific source of the emissions will be immediately shut down and a more aggressive application of the existing mitigation measures will be directed. Once the mitigation measures have been applied, the source of emissions will resume and observations will be conducted to verify that the mitigation measures were successful.

6. Material Stockpiles - Fugitive dust emissions from soil storage stockpiles will be controlled by using a temporary cover, water, and/or other approved methods.

7. Windblown Visible Dust During Inactive Periods - The standards in this section apply on weekends and holidays or any other times when no equipment and personnel are performing work activities on site. In the event of observations on windblown visible dust plumes from soils originating on the project site, mitigation measures will be directed within less than 1 hour of making the observation. Mitigation measures will be implemented until the visible dust plumes originating from the project site are minimized

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DUST CONTROL 015726 - 3

or eliminated. Any observations of visible dust originating from the project site during inactive periods will be reported to the on-site Construction Manager.

3.2 MONITORING

A. On a daily basis, conduct periodic site inspections, monitor site conditions and conduct visual examinations of air quality.

END OF SECTION 015726

Engineer’s Project No: 10401

SELECTIVE SITE DEMOLITION 024113 - 1

SECTION 24113 – SELECTIVE SITE DEMOLITION

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. The provisions of the Contract Documents apply to the Work stipulated in this Section.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. This section includes the following:

1. Demolition and removal of any existing asphalt from site.

2. Removal and disposal of existing sanitary sewer pipe, water pipe ad/or storm drainage pipe.

3. Removal of miscellaneous materials or debris from the site.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. Remove: Remove and legally dispose of items off-site except those indicated to be recycled, reinstalled, salvaged, or to remain as the Owner's property.

B. Remove and Salvage: Items indicated to be removed and salvaged remain the Owner's property. Remove, clean, and pack or crate items to protect against damage. Identify contents of containers and deliver to Owner's designated storage area.

C. Remove and Reinstall: Remove items indicated, then clean, service, and otherwise prepare them for reuse. Store and protect such items against damage. Reinstall items in the same locations or in locations indicated.

D. Existing to Remain: Protect items indicated to remain against damage and soiling. When permitted by the Owner, items may be removed to a suitable, protected storage location and then cleaned and reinstalled in their original locations.

1.4 MATERIAL OF OWNERSHIP

A. Remove all demolished metals from the site for recycling purposes or proper disposal.

B. Storage or sale of removed items or materials will not be permitted on-site.

C. Historical items, relics, and similar objects including, but not limited to, cornerstones and their contents, commemorative plaques and tablets, antiques, and other items of interest or value to the Owner, which may be encountered, remain the Owner's property. Carefully remove and salvage each item or object in a manner to prevent damage and deliver promptly to the Owner.

1.5 SUBMITTALS

A. Photographs or video, sufficiently detailed, of existing conditions of other improvements adjoining the construction site that might be misconstrued as damage caused by the Work.

B. Record drawings at Project closeout.

1. Identify and accurately locate capped utilities and other subsurface structural, electrical, or mechanical conditions.

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C. Schedule of selective demolition activities causing an interruption of existing utility services to current users indicating the following:

1. Detailed sequence of selective demolition and removal work, with starting and ending dates for each activity.

2. Existing utility service that will be interrupted.

3. Coordination for shutoff, capping, and continuation of utility services.

4. Locations of temporary means of ingress/egress, if applicable.

D. Inventory of items to be removed and salvaged or turned over to Owner.

E. Landfill records indicating receipt and acceptance of hazardous wastes by a landfill facility licensed to accept hazardous wastes.

1.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Regulatory Requirements: All work shall comply with Federal, State and Local laws and regulations concerning hauling and disposal of demolition debris.

B. Notify the proper agencies prior to the start of work and obtain all necessary permits for this Work.

1.7 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Traffic: Conduct work to ensure minimum interference with access drives, walks, and other adjacent occupied or used facilities. Do not close or obstruct access drives, walks or other occupied or used facilities without permission from the Owner.

B. Protection of Existing Improvements: Provide protections necessary to prevent damage to existing improvements, trees/shrubs, concrete curb and/or asphalt pavement indicated to remain in place.

C. Restore existing improvements damaged by work to their original condition.

D. Owner assumes no responsibility for actual conditions of items or structures to be demolished.

Conditions existing at the time of inspection for bidding purposes will be maintained by the Owner to the best extent practical. However, minor variations may occur due to Owner’s removal and salvage operations prior to the start of demolition work.

E. The location of existing underground utilities indicated is approximate only. The Contractor shall field locate all active existing underground utilities in the area of Work, regardless of whether or not they are indicated.

F. Should charted, uncharted or incorrectly charted utilities be encountered during construction, contact the Owner immediately for instructions. Cooperate with Owner and utility companies to keep services and facilities in operation.

G. Do not interrupt existing utilities serving facilities occupied and used by the Owner and others, except when permitted in writing by the Owner. Provide acceptable temporary utility service as required to maintain Owner’s operations.

1.8 SCHEDULING

A. Owner and/or other businesses occupy buildings immediately adjacent to the Work. Conduct selective demolition so that the Owner's operations will not be disrupted and will remain secure.

Provide not less than 72 hours notice to Owner of activities that will affect Owner's operations.

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SELECTIVE SITE DEMOLITION 024113 - 3

B. Arrange selective demolition schedule so as not to interfere with Owner's or other businesses’ operations.

C. Notify and coordinate any required relocation and/or removal of existing underground utilities, poles, meters or other above ground appurtenances with the appropriate utility company (i.e.

power, telephone, cable and natural gas/propane) prior to the start of selective demolition work.

1.9 BURNING AND USE OF EXPLOSIVES

A. No burning is permitted on Owner’s property.

B. The use of explosives to perform any site demolition work is strictly prohibited.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 CEMENT GROUT FOR PIPE ABANDONMENT

A. C Cement Grout: Cement grout shall be API Spec. 10, Class G cement or Class B similar to ASTI C 150 Type II and water in ratio of not more than six gallons per 94-pound sack of cement.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Call “Miss Utility” prior to the start of demolition work for assistance in the location of existing underground utilities. Field locate all active existing underground utilities in the area of Work, regardless of whether or not they are indicated.

B. Should uncharted or incorrectly charted existing utilities be identified, contact the Owner immediately for instructions. Provide a scale drawing with the location of the uncharted or incorrectly charted utilities for use by the Owner in preparing additional direction.

C. Verify that utilities indicated as removed, abandoned and/or relocated have been disconnected and capped.

D. Survey existing conditions and correlate with requirements indicated to determine extent of selective demolition required.

E. Inventory and record the condition of items to be removed and reinstalled and items to be removed and salvaged and turned over to the Owner.

3.2 MEANS AND METHODS FOR DEMOLITION

A. Provide, maintain and remove all temporary means and methods required for all construction efforts, including but not limited to:

1. Roads, staging areas, and stockpiles.

2. Utilities (power, water, storm water, sewer, data, etc.). All utility charges are to be borne by the subcontractor(s).

3. Site access, safety, and traffic/pedestrian control.

4. Security of all subcontractor equipment, materials, scrap, etc.

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SELECTIVE SITE DEMOLITION 024113 - 4

B. All trenches and excavations created from demolition work can be filled with VDOT No. 21A stone size or select material approved by the geotechnical engineer.

3.3 PROTECTION OF PERSONS AND PROPERTY

A. Conduct demolition operations and remove debris to ensure minimum interference with roads, streets, walks and other adjacent occupied and used facilities.

1. Do not close or obstruct access drives, walks, or other adjacent occupied or used facilities without permission from Owner and authorities having jurisdiction. Provide alternate routes around closed or obstructed traffic ways if required by governing regulations.

B. Conduct demolition operations to prevent injury to people and damage to adjacent buildings and facilities to remain. Ensure safe passage of people around selective demolition area.

1. Erect temporary protection, such as walks, fences, railings, canopies, and covered passageways, where required by the Owner.

C. Barricade areas of demolition occurring as part of this work, and post with warning lights as required by the Owner.

D. Protect structures, buildings, utilities, walks, pavements, existing vegetation and other facilities to remain from damage caused by settlement, lateral movement, undermining, washout and other hazards created by demolition operations.

3.4 POLLUTION CONTROLS

A. Perform all work in accordance with the requirements of the latest edition of the Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook and those of the local Erosion Control official.

B. Clean adjacent structures and improvements of dust, dirt, and debris caused by the Work.

Return adjacent areas to condition existing before start of selective demolition.

1. Protect existing site improvements and appurtenances to remain.

3.5 DISPOSAL OF DEMOLISHED MATERIALS

A. Promptly dispose of demolished materials specified to be removed from the site. Do not allow demolished materials to accumulate on-site.

B. Do not burn demolished materials or debris.

C. Transport and legally dispose of demolished materials off of Owner's property.

3.6 RESOTRATION, CLEANUP AND REPAIR

A. Upon completion of demolition work remove all tools, equipment and demolished materials not specified to remain from site. Remove demolition work area protection and leave areas clean

B. Repair any demolition performed in excess of that required. Return elements of construction and surfaces specified to remain to the condition existing prior to the start of construction.

Repair adjacent construction or surfaces soiled or damaged by demolition work.

END OF SECTION 024113

Engineer’s Project No: 10401

OFF-SITE TRANSPORTATION AND DISPOSAL 028100 - 1

SECTION 028100 – OFF-SITE TRANSPORTATION AND DISPOSAL

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. The Contractor shall furnish all labor, materials, equipment, and related items required for the proper transportation and disposition or recycling of waste materials removed from the site.

B. The Contractor is to determine the proper waste characterization and recycling or disposal methods to ensure that waste materials are recycled or disposed according to procedures that are consistent with applicable regulations and requirements.

C. All waste materials are to be transported directly to a properly permitted facility issued by the state in which the facility is located. All waste shall be transported to the applicable facility in an expeditious manner.

D. It is the intent of these specifications to allow for the proper and legal disposition of waste materials. Primacy shall be given to salvage, recycling and reuse of materials to the extent allowed by applicable laws.

1.2 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

A. The Contractor shall comply with all Federal, State, and local regulations applicable to waste management.

1. All waste materials shall be recycled, processed, disposed at a property permitted facility in accordance with current regulations (if recycled, processed or disposed in Virginia) or applicable state regulations for recycling, processing or disposal in the applicable state where recycling, processing or disposal takes place.

2. All vehicles and containers transporting waste must be in compliance with Virginia Department of Transportation requirements and regulations. If transportation of waste is to occur outside of Virginia, the vehicles transporting contractor shall comply with applicable state and Federal regulations for transporting waste materials.

3. All storage of waste prior to removal from the project area shall comply with current state of Virginia requirements. Storage of waste outside of the project area is prohibited.

B. The Contractor shall comply with the more stringent requirements of the proposed regulations or regulations promulgated prior to the effective date of this agreement.

1.3 QUALIFICATIONS

A. The Contractor and subcontractors must have demonstrated experience with transportation of waste materials and have sufficient vehicles and containers to perform the work.

B. All receiving facilities must have valid permits to accept the types and quantities of waste materials from the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality or other appropriate agency or jurisdiction having authority, or if the facility is in another state, the applicable state permit.

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C. The compliance history of the hauler and receiving facility shall not have any outstanding fines or penalties or have action against the hauler or receiving facility that resulted in a criminal felony conviction within the preceding five years.

D. Transporter shall have at least five (5) years experience in the waste hauling (long-haul) experience and sufficient drivers, tractors and trailers to perform the works. The transporter shall have no outstanding fines or penalties with applicable state transportation or law enforcement agencies. Continued violations (more than one per month over two or more consecutive months) of applicable transportation and waste handling laws and regulations (including but not limited to vehicle safety and litter blowing) may result in termination of the transporter and a substitute transporter will be utilized.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Not applicable.

1.5 PROJECT RECORD DOCUMENTATION

A. Not applicable.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 EQUIPMENT

A. The Contractor shall provide equipment, personnel and facilities necessary to load materials for transport and complete transportation to the appropriate disposal facility.

B. All containers used to store materials on site shall comply with the state of Virginia requirements and regulations, including, but not limited to the following provisions:

1. Container shall be watertight, leak proof, insect proof and rodent proof.

2. Container shall be equipped with a watertight fitting lid or cover or otherwise sealed.

3. Containers shall be clearly labeled as containing “municipal waste” or the specific type of municipal or other waste being contained.

C. Transportation vehicles shall be clearly identified as carrying the applicable type of waste materials and vehicles shall be in compliance with applicable state department of transportation regulations.

1. Open top trailers shall be covered with secured tarpaulins or other suitable covers to prevent litter or waste from escaping the trailers.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 SELECTION OF WASTE DISPOSITION METHOD

A. The Contractor may dispose non-hazardous and non-recyclable solid waste at a properly permitted municipal or construction/demolition waste transfer station, processing facility or landfill (municipal waste or construction/demolition waste) possessing a valid permit and sufficient capacity to receive waste. Preference shall be given to facilities that salvage materials, process or beneficially use waste materials as allowed by law. Facility shall have dedicated capacity for incoming wastes. The solid waste must comply with the facility operator’s permit

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and applicable regulatory requirements. Hazardous waste must be disposed as required by local, State, or Federal regulations.

3.2 LOADING AND HAULING

A. The Contractor shall inspect haul vehicles for soil adhesion to wheels and under carriage. These soils shall be removed and properly handled by the Contractor before leaving Site.

B. No transport vehicles shall be allowed to leave the Site that are leaking or spilling materials.

C. The Contractor shall ensure tarpaulin covers are provided for transport vehicles, which shall cover excavated materials during transport. Do not overfill vehicles.

D. All transport vehicles shall be in strict conformance with all the applicable Federal, State and local laws.

E. The Contractor is responsible for any and all actions and costs necessary to remedy waste spilled in loading or transit.

F. All transport vehicles shall be clean before filling with waste material.

END OF SECTION 028100

Engineer’s Project No: 10401

OFF-SITE TRANSPORTATION AND DISPOSAL 028100 - 1

SECTION 311000 - SITE CLEARING

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.2 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes the following:

1. Removal of trees and other vegetation.

2. Topsoil stripping.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. Remove: Remove and legally dispose of items indicated. Removal includes digging out and proper offsite disposing of stumps and roots.

B. Topsoil: Friable, clay loam surface soil, found in varying depths.

1.4 MATERIALS OWNERSHIP

A. Except for stripped topsoil or other materials indicated to remain Owner's property, cleared materials (such as roots, stumps, limbs, etc.) shall become Contractor's property and shall be removed from Project site.

1.5 SUBMITTALS

A. Photographs or video, sufficiently detailed, of existing conditions of trees, plantings and other improvements adjoining the construction site that might be misconstrued as damage caused by the Work.

1.6 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Traffic: Conduct tree removal operations to ensure minimum interference with roads, streets, walks, and other adjacent occupied or used facilities. Do not close or obstruct streets, walks or other occupied or used facilities without permission from the Owner.

B. Protection of Existing Improvements: Provide protections necessary to prevent damage to existing improvements indicated to remain in place.

1. Protect existing improvements on adjoining properties and on Owner's property.

2. Restore existing improvements damaged by clearing operations to their original condition.

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C. The Owner, to the best extent practical, will maintain the conditions that existed at the time of inspection during the bid process. However, minor variations may occur due to natural occurrences prior to the start of tree removal work.

D. Do not commence tree removal operations until erosion and sedimentation control measures are in place.

2.1 NOT APPLICABLE

3.1 SITE CLEARING

A. General: Remove trees, shrubs, grass and other vegetation as required to permit installation of the Work.

B. Tree Removal and Grubbing: Remove trees from site as indicated, as well as all ground covers, underbrush within the limits of disturbance.

1. Completely remove stumps, roots, and other debris.

2. Fill depressions caused by clearing and grubbing operations with satisfactory soil material, unless further excavation or earthwork is indicated. Place fill material in horizontal layers not exceeding 6 inches loose depth, and thoroughly compact to a density equal to adjacent original ground.

3.2 TOPSOIL STRIPPING

A. Remove heavy growths of grass from areas before stripping.

B. Strip topsoil to whatever depths are encountered in the field, but to a minimum of at least 4 inches.

C. Strip topsoil in a manner to prevent intermingling with underlying subsoil or other material.

1. Remove subsoil and non-soil materials from topsoil, including trash, debris, weeds, roots, and other waste materials.

D. Temporarily stockpile topsoil in storage piles in areas indicated or directed. Construct storage piles to provide free drainage of surface water. Cover storage piles, if required, to prevent wind erosion.

1. Stockpile surplus topsoil to allow for re-spreading deeper topsoil on-site.

E. Dispose of unsuitable or excess topsoil in a legal manner off-site.

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3.3 DISPOSAL OF WASTE MATERIALS

A. No burning is permitted on Owner's property unless specifically waived by the Owner and all local/state burning permits have been obtained.

B. Removal from Owner's Property: Remove waste materials generated by clearing operations from Owner's property and dispose of in a legal manner off-site.

1. Remove waste materials and debris from the site in a manner to prevent spillage. Pavements and the area adjacent to the site shall remain free from mud, dirt and debris at all times.

2. Clean up debris resulting from site clearing operations continuously with the progress of the work.

END OF SECTION 311000

Engineer’s Project No: 10401

EARTHWORKS 312000 - 1

SECTION 312000 - EARTHWORKS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.7 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. The provisions of the Contract Documents apply to the work stipulated in this Section.

1.8 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes the following:

1. Excavation, filling, backfilling, and grading indicated and necessary for proper completion of the site work.

B. VDOT approved Job Mix for stone.

C. Imported fill (if required): Submit location of borrow pit and a sample of the soil for approval to the Owner’s Geotechnical Engineer a minimum of fourteen (14) working days prior to use.

D. Geotextile Fabric.

E. Flowable fill mix designs.

1.9 DEFINITIONS

A. Excavation: Removal of all material encountered to design subgrade elevations indicated for cut areas and to subsoil elevations in fill areas. Excavation also includes subsequent re-spreading, moisture conditioning, compaction (if required), and grading of satisfactory materials removed.

B. Unauthorized Excavation: Removal of materials beyond the limits indicated in the definition of “Excavation” without specific direction of Geotechnical Engineer.

C. Additional Excavation: Removal, disposal and replacement of materials beyond the limits indicated in the definition of “Excavation” at the direction of the Geotechnical Engineer.

D. Subgrade: The undisturbed earth (in cut) or the compacted soil layer (in fill) immediately below granular sub-base, drainage fill, or topsoil materials.

E. Subsoil: The undisturbed earth immediately below the existing topsoil layer.

F. Pavements: The area extending 10 feet beyond the exterior limits of paved areas and down to undisturbed soils at a one horizontal to one vertical slope. The area extending 3 feet beyond the exterior limits of walks and down to undisturbed soils at a one horizontal to one vertical slope.

G. Sub-base Material: Artificially graded mixture of crushed gravel or crushed stone meeting VDOT specifications.

H. Drainage/Porous Fill: Washed, evenly graded mixture of crushed stone, or crushed or uncrushed gravel meeting the requirements of VDOT No. 57 Stone.

I. Rock: Hard bedrock, boulders or similar material requiring the use of rock drills and/or explosives for removal. The criteria for classification of general excavation as rock is any material which cannot be dislodged by a Caterpillar D-8 Tractor, or equivalent, equipped with a single tooth hydraulically operated power ripper. The criteria for trench rock shall be that a Caterpillar 345 Backhoe, or equivalent, with a proper width bucket cannot remove the material.

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EARTHWORKS 312000 - 2

1.10 ADDITIONAL WORK

A. The General Conditions refer to certain conditions that may require additional excavation work.

This paragraph is further defined herein and, where there are conflicts, is superseded by this section.

B. Claims for concealed, unknown, or unanticipated subsurface conditions are limited to those circumstances where:

1. Additional excavation work is required below the contract limits indicated to provide acceptable bearing for pavements.

2. Rock is encountered between existing grade and design subgrade.

C. The risks of concealed, unknown, or unanticipated subsurface conditions (except for rock) from existing ground surface to the design subgrade elevations in cut areas and to subsoil elevations in fill areas shall be included in the Contract Amount and shall not be considered as grounds for additional costs to the Contract. The risks of concealed, unknown, or unanticipated subsurface conditions below the elevations stated above shall be considered as Additional Excavation.

D. During construction, if concealed, unknown, or unanticipated subsurface conditions are encountered which require that pavement elevations be raised, lowered or revised to provide acceptable bearing, immediately notify the Engineer upon discovery of such condition prior to disturbing the material encountered.

1.11 EARTHWORK BALANCE ADJUSTMENTS

A. Adjustments of grades may be allowed with prior written approval of the Engineer in order to accommodate shortfall or surplus of material that may occur. Should adjustments be allowed, maintenance of designed drainage patterns shall be a Contract responsibility. No additional payment will be made for these adjustments.

1.12 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Codes and Standards: Perform excavation work in compliance with applicable requirements of authorities having jurisdiction.

B. Environmental Compliance:

1. Comply with the requirements of the latest edition of the Virginia Erosion and Sediment

Control Handbook for erosion control during earthwork operations.

C. Testing and Inspection Service: The Owner will sub-contract with a third-party Geotechnical Engineer consultant to observe earthwork operations and provide testing and reporting for backfill and compaction operations. Cooperate with Geotechnical Engineer as required for testing and inspection of work. These services do not relieve the responsibility for compliance with Contract Document requirements.

1.13 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Site Information: The Owner, for use in designing this project, has obtained test-boring data for subsurface materials and conditions. This data is contained in reports performed by Zannino Engineering, Inc. and are included in the drawings and the appendix of this project manual for information purposes only.

1. The accuracy or completeness of the data is not warranted or guaranteed by the Owner or the

Engineer, and in no event shall be considered part of the Contract Documents. The Owner

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and Engineer expressly disclaim any responsibility for the data as being representative of the conditions and materials that may be encountered.

B. Existing Utilities: Do not interrupt existing utilities serving facilities occupied by the Owner or others except when permitted under the following conditions and then only after arranging to provide acceptable temporary utility services.

1. Notify Owner not less than 48 hours in advance of proposed utility interruptions

2. Do not proceed with utility interruptions without receiving Owner’s written permission.

3. Existing utilities across or along the line of work are indicated only in an approximate location. Locate all underground lines and structures, and call “Miss Utility prior to demolition. If utilities are marked that are not shown on the plans, locate utility vertically and horizontally and provide information to Owner and Engineer. Repair and correct any damage to underground lines and structures.

1.14 SAFETY

A. Protection of Persons and Property: Barricade open excavations occurring as part of this work and post with warning lights.

1. Operate warning lights as recommended by authorities having jurisdiction and governing regulations and standards.

2. Protect structures, utilities, sidewalks, pavements, and other facilities from damage caused by settlement, lateral movement, undermining, washout, and other hazards created by earthwork operations.

B. Work within the public access drives shall meet the requirements of the latest edition of the Virginia Department of Transportation Work Area Protection Manual.

2.7 SOIL MATERIALS

A. Refer to geotechnical recommendations provided in the “Hand Auger Soil Study” dated August 22, 2019 prepared by Zannino Engineering, Inc. Satisfactory soil materials are defined as those complying with those specified in this report.

B. Samples of any proposed borrow soils should be obtained and tested in the laboratory for maximum dry density and classification. Samples of proposed borrow should be submitted to soils laboratory for testing at least 1 week prior to placement. The soil to be used as fill should not contain organics or any rock pieces greater than 1-1/2 inches in any dimension. The fill should be placed in maximum loose lifts of 8 inches.

C. The Owner’s Geotechnical Engineer will monitor the backfill operations and evaluate the soil subgrade prior to placement of fill operations.

D. The contractor should be responsible for controlling surface water during construction.

2.8 ACCESSORIES

A. Non-woven Geotextile Fabric (for drainage): Mirafi 140N, or equivalent.

B. Woven Geotextile Fabric (for reinforcement): AMOCO 2002, or equivalent.

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2.9 FLOWABLE FILL

A. Flowable Fill: The Contractor shall provide the mix design for flowable fill. This excavation backfill material must have a design compressive strength of 75 to 200 psi. The design compressive strength requirement must be at 28 days when tested in accordance with AASHTO T-23. Mix design must result in a fluid product having no less than an 8-inch slump at time of placement. The Contractor shall submit a mix design for approval supported by laboratory test data verifying compliance with 28-day compressive strength requirements.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Protect adjacent structures, utilities, sidewalks, pavements, and other facilities from damage caused by settlement, lateral movement, undermining, washout, and other hazards created by earthwork operations.

B. Preparation of subgrade for earthwork operations including removal of vegetation, topsoil, debris, obstructions, and deleterious materials from ground surface is specified in Section 311000 "Site Clearing."

C. Protect and maintain erosion and sedimentation controls during earthwork operations.

3.2 DEWATERING

D. Prevent surface water and subsurface or groundwater from flowing into excavations and from flooding project site and surrounding area.

1. Do not allow water to accumulate in excavations. Remove water to prevent softening of bottoms and soil changes detrimental to stability of subgrade and future foundations.

Provide and maintain pumps, well points, sumps, suction and discharge lines, and other dewatering system components necessary to convey water away from excavations.

2. Establish and maintain temporary drainage ditches and other diversions outside excavation limits to convey rainwater and water removed from excavations to collecting or runoff areas. Do not use utility trench excavations as temporary drainage ditches.

E. Should any springs or running water be encountered in the excavation, notify the Owner and Engineer and provide discharge by trenches (or other acceptable means) and drain to an appropriate point of disposal. Provide temporary drainage facilities to minimize the flow of rainwater onto adjacent property. Repair any damage to property or to subgrade as a result of demolition activities and/or dewatering (or lack thereof) operations at no additional cost to the Contract.

3.8 EXPLOSIVES

A. No explosives are permitted on the Owner’s property for use in any demolition work.

3.9 EXCAVATION

A. Excavation consists of removal, placement and disposal of material encountered when establishing required subgrade or finished grade elevations.

1. Excavation includes removal and disposal of pavements and other obstructions visible on the ground surface; underground structures, utilities and other items indicated to be

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demolished and removed; together with earth and other materials encountered that are not classified as rock or unauthorized excavation.

B. Rock Excavation: If Rock is encountered, the Owner’s Geotechnical Engineer will verify that the material qualifies for classification as rock excavation.

1. If rock is encountered in grading, remove to depths as follows:

a) Under surfaced areas: 6” under the respective subgrade for such areas.

b) Under grass and planted areas: 12” minimum.

2. Contractor shall employ a surveyor licensed in the Commonwealth of Virginia to calculate the quantity of material removed as Rock Excavation. The quantity of rock calculated shall not exceed the volume determined by the payment limits. The Owner’s Project Representative shall review the quantity calculated within 48 hours of receiving the survey notes.

3.9 EXCAVATION FOR WALKS AND PAVEMENTS

B. Cut surface under pavements to comply with cross-sections, elevations and grades as indicated.

3.10 EXCAVATION STABILITY

B. General: Comply with local codes, ordinances, and requirements of agencies having jurisdiction.

C. Slope sides of excavations to comply with local codes, ordinances, and requirements of agencies having jurisdiction. Shore and brace where sloping is not possible because of space restrictions or stability of material excavated. Maintain sides and slopes of excavations in safe condition until completion of backfilling.

3.10 SUBGRADE INSPECTION

A. Notify Geotechnical Engineer when mass, trench and footing excavations have reached required subgrade, and arrange for an inspection of conditions by the Owner’s Geotechnical Engineer.

B. If the Owner’s Geotechnical Engineer determines that the subgrade bearing conditions are unacceptable, the Owner will authorize additional excavation until suitable bearing conditions are encountered.

C. Proof-roll subgrade below pavements with a 20 to 30-ton loaded truck or other pneumatic-tired vehicle of similar size and weight to identify soft pockets and areas of excess yielding. Proof-rolling shall be performed during a time of good weather and not while the site is wet, frozen, or severely desiccated.

1. Completely proof-roll subgrade in one direction, then repeat proof-rolling in direction perpendicular to first direction. Limit vehicle speed to 3 mph.

2. Excavate soft spots, unsatisfactory soils, and areas of excessive pumping or rutting, as determined by Geotechnical Engineer, and replace with compacted backfill or fill as directed.

D. Under supervision of the Owner’s Geotechnical Engineer, proof-roll subgrade in cut areas below pavement with a loaded dump truck or other approved pneumatic tired vehicle. Should any unstable sub-soil be encountered below pavement or structures, break up the top eight inches of ground surface, pulverize, moisture-condition to optimum moisture content, and compact to

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percentage of maximum density as stated in Percentage of Maximum Density Requirements.

Perform this work at no additional cost and/or time to the Contract.

E. Reconstruct subgrades damaged by freezing temperatures, frost, rain, accumulated water, or construction activities, as directed by Geotechnical Engineer without additional compensation.

3.11 ADDITIONAL EXCAVATION

B. Additional Excavation (Mass): Remove excavated materials and dispose of off-site if not used for non-structural fill in balancing the site. Replace this excavated material with satisfactory material placed and compacted according to the requirements of the “Placement and Compaction” section.

C. The quantity of material removed as “Additional Excavation” (Mass) shall be calculated by a surveyor licensed in the Commonwealth of Virginia and employed by the Contractor. The Owner’s Project Representative shall review the quantity calculated within 48 hours of receiving the survey notes.

D. Protect the subgrade during construction. During wet conditions, the subgrade soils may be-come saturated and soften, possibly resulting in damage to the subgrade if disturbed by equip-ment. Correct subgrade damaged in this manner. No additional payment will be made to cor-rect subgrade damaged in this manner.

3.11 UNAUTHORIZED EXCAVATION

A. Correct Unauthorized Excavation as follows:

1. Backfill and compact unauthorized excavations with select material or recycled No. 21A stone (“crusher run”) as directed and approved by the Owner’s Geotechnical Engineer.

2. Elsewhere, backfill and compact unauthorized excavations as indicated for authorized excavations of same classification unless otherwise directed by the Geotechnical Engineer.

3.12 STORAGE OF EXCAVATED MATERIALS

A. Temporarily stockpile excavated materials acceptable for use as backfill and fill. Place, grade, and shape stockpiles for proper drainage. Properly cover to prevent windblown dust.

1. Stockpile excavated materials away from edge of excavations.

3.13 BACKFILL AND FILL

A. Backfill excavations as promptly as possible with select approved by the Geotechnical Engineer.

B. Place backfill on subgrades free of mud, frost, snow or ice.

C. Ground Surface Preparation: Remove vegetation, debris, obstructions, and deleterious materials from ground surface prior to placement of fills.

D. Bench sloped surfaces steeper than 1 vertical to 4 horizontal so fill material will bond with existing material. Plow, scarify, bench or break up sloped surfaces flatter than 1 vertical to 4 horizontal so fill material will bond with existing material.

E. Place soil material in layers to required subgrade elevations, for each area classification listed below, using materials indicated in Part 2 of this Section.

1. Under grassed areas, use satisfactory excavated or borrow material.

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2. Under walks, curbs, and pavements, use satisfactory excavated or borrow material.

3.12 SOIL MOISTURE

B. Uniformly moisten or aerate subgrade and each subsequent fill or backfill soil layer before compaction to within 3% of optimum moisture content.

1. Do not place backfill or fill soil material on surfaces that are muddy, frozen, or contain frost or ice.

2. Remove and replace, or scarify and air dry otherwise satisfactory soil material that exceeds optimum moisture…