Base Paving and Civil Works IDIQ Specifications - 2024 Basic.docx

Table of Contents

DIVISION 1 – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 01011 – GENERAL DESCRIPTION

SECTION 01620 - ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

DIVISION 2 - SITEWORK

SECTION 02222 - EXCAVATION, TRENCHING, AND BACKFILLING FOR UTILITIES SYSTEMS

SECTION 02225 - EARTHWORK FOR ROADWAYS AND AIRFIELDS

SECTION 02226 - RECONSTRUCT BASE COURSE

SECTION 02232 - SELECT-MATERIAL SUBBASE COURSE

SECTION 02233 - GRADED-CRUSHED-AGGREGATE BASE COURSE

SECTION 02235 - LIMEROCK BASE COURSE

SECTION 02239 - PORTLAND CEMENT-STABILIZED BASE OR SUBBASE COURSE

SECTION 02241 - STABILIZED-AGGREGATE BASE COURSE

SECTION 02511 - CONCRETE SIDEWALKS AND CURBS AND GUTTERS

SECTION 02515 - CONCRETE PAVEMENT FOR ROADS AND AIRFIELDS

SECTION 02551 - BITUMINOUS INTERMEDIATE AND WEARING COURSES FOR ROADS AND STREETS (CENTRAL-PLANT HOT-MIX)

SECTION 02555 - DOUBLE BITUMINOUS SURFACE TREATMENT (DBST)

AGGREGATE GRADATION

SECTION 02556 - BITUMINOUS INTERMEDIATE AND WEARING COURSES FOR AIRFIELDS, HELIPORTS, AND HEAVY-DUTY PAVEMENTS (CENTRAL-PLANT HOT-MIX)

SECTION 02558 - BITUMINOUS TACK COAT

SECTION 02559 - BITUMINOUS PRIME COAT

SECTION 02562 - RUBBERIZED COAL-TAR EMULSION SAND SLURRY SEALCOAT FOR BITUMINOUS PAVEMENT

SECTION 02574 - PATCHING OF RIGID PAVEMENTS

SECTION 02576 - RUBBER AND PAINT REMOVAL FROM AIRFIELD PAVEMENTS

SECTION 02577 - PAVEMENT MARKINGS

SECTION 02580 - RANDOM CRACKS SEALING IN BITUMINOUS PAVEMENTS

SECTION 02581 - SEALING AND RESEALING JOINTS AND RANDOM CRACKS IN CONCRETE PAVEMENTS

SECTION 02598 - COLD MILLING OF BITUMINOUS PAVEMENTS

SECTION 02722 - SITE STORM SEWERAGE SYSTEMS

SECTION 02935 - TURF

DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE 10/16/2024

14 CONTRACTING SQUADRON

BASE PAVING AND CIVIL WORKS INDEFINITE DELIVERY INDEFINITE QUANTITY CONTRACT

COLUMBUS AIR FORCE BASE, MISSISSIPPI

INDEX - 1

01011- 3

02222- 4

02225 - 4

02226 - 2

02232 - 3

02233 - 5

02235 - 5

02239 - 4

02241 - 5

02511 - 5

02515 - 9

02551 - 10

02555 - 5

02556 - 10

02558 - 3

02559 - 2

02562 - 5

02574 - 5

02576 - 3

02577 - 3

02580 - 4

02581 - 4

02598 - 2

02722 - 1

02935 - 1

DIVISION 1 – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 01011 – GENERAL DESCRIPTION

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

The work will include providing all labor, equipment, plant, tools, transportation, and materials to perform various types of site work. The site work will include, but is not limited to, repair and construction of asphalt and concrete pavements including subbase and base course, installation of associated utilities, drainage structures, sidewalks, curb and gutters, rubber removal and painting of runways, taxiways, and aprons, and turf. All work indicated in the specifications, drawings, and bid schedule must be accomplished for the original bid price. The work will be issued in incremental task orders throughout the year as money becomes available. Each task order will be separately negotiated to determine quantities, not price. The contractor will only apply the applicable requirements of the specifications to each separate task order. Unique items of work not priced in this basic contract will be negotiated in the individual task orders. This general outline of work does not, in any way, limit the responsibility of the contractor to perform all work as specified herein.

1.2 LOCATION

The work will be located at Columbus Air Force Base, Columbus, Mississippi, SEA-RAY Remote Airfield, Macon, Mississippi and the Auxiliary Airfield, Shuqualak, Mississippi. The exact location of each task order will be indicated by the Contracting Officer.

1.3 SITE CONDITIONS

The Contractor acknowledges satisfaction as to the nature and location of the work, the general and local conditions, access to job site; disposal, handling, and storage of materials; availability of labor, water, electric power or similar physical conditions at CAFB and the auxiliary airfield; the character of equipment and facilities needed preliminary to and during the performance of the work; and all other matters that can in any way affect the work or the cost thereof under this contract. The Contractor must protect existing underground and above ground structures from damage. The Contractor will provide temporary support for all structures in the areas of excavation. Where existing utilities or any other structures are damaged during construction, and which are not included for removal in the design and specifications, the Contractor must restore them to their original condition at the Contractor's own expense. The Contractor must notify the Contracting Officer of any damaged underground structure, and make repairs or replacements before backfilling.

1.4 NOTIFICATION:

The contractor will be notified of a site work requirement by the Contracting Officer. Each notification will contain a project description for the task order. Upon receipt of notification, contact the Contracting Officer to arrange an appointment for a joint site visit with Civil Engineering. Site visit will be held within three working days from receipt of notification and at a time convenient to both parties.

1.5 SITE VISIT

The contractor will be escorted to the work site by a Government representative to view the scope of work for all work to be accomplished in the task order. Any clarification of the scope can be discussed at that time. A task order detailing the scope of work will be issued following completion of negotiations.

1.6 PERFORMANCE PERIOD

Contractor must perform the work within the time as specified in each delivery order. Work days for this contract will be Monday thru Friday between the hours of 7:30AM and 4:30PM. Flight line work may be done on weekends, after duty hours, or during other times approved by the Government. The Government will issue a Notice to Proceed (NTP) to the contractor for initiation of work. The contractor will give five (5) days notice to Construction Management (434-7963/7957) before he/she plans to perform the work. Written permission from the Contracting Officer must be obtained for any deviation from the approved schedule.

1.7 AVAILABILITY OF UTILITY SERVICES

All reasonable quantities of utilities will be made available to the contractor. The Government will not be held responsible for interruptions of utility services, and will not be liable for contractor delays, damages, or increased cost incurred by any such interruption of service. The contractor will be responsible for providing all labor, equipment, and materials to make necessary temporary utility connections. The temporary connections must be coordinated with the Government Representative before being made and will be removed upon project completion.

1.8 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

The contractor will abide by all applicable sections of EM 385-1-1, 15 Nov 2014 during all phases of completing the specified work. This regulation is available for reference at Engineering and Environmental Planning Branch, Bldg 385, or at the following web site: https://www.usace.army.mil/Missions/Safety-and-Occupational-Health/Safety-and-Health-Requirements-Manual/

1.9 RECORD DRAWINGS

The contractor must maintain at the job site one set of full size contract drawings, marking them in red to show all variations between the construction actually provided and that indicated or specified in the contract documents. Within 30 days of completion of the work the marked up drawings and an electronic file showing variations must be delivered to the Contracting Officer, and will be subject to his/her approval before acceptance.

1.10 CLEAN-UP

All debris and rubbish resulting from construction work will be disposed of by the contractor off government property. Disposal must be in compliance with federal, state, and local hauling and disposal regulations. The contractor will submit dump tickets unless otherwise specified by the Contracting Officer. Site clean-up will be daily.

1.11 AIRFIELD DRIVING PROCEDURES

The contractor will be briefed on proper rules for driving on airfield. This briefing will be accomplished before on site work begins. All workers driving on the airfield must attend this briefing. All these rules will be obeyed to the strict letter of the law. All vehicles used by the contractor on the airfield must be operated in such a manner as not to create any Foreign Object or Debris (FOD) in the airfield areas. The contractor will be fully responsible for keeping the areas used by his/her vehicle free of FOD. FOD will be removed from airfield as it occurs. Contractor will supply vehicle mounted vacuum sweeper capable of removing all FOD, dirt, debris, and foreign matter as a result of his operation. Before the contractor uses vehicles on the airfield they must be registered at base operations.

1.12 GOVERNMENT PROPERTY

Government property to be maintained and/or retained will be identified on individual task orders.

1.13 SUBMITTALS

Material submittals and testing reports must be identified and submitted on individual task orders.

Materials to be used must be submitted on AF Form 3000 for approval prior to use. Submit weekly progress reports through Civil Engineering for coordination/approval each Friday. Submit employee listing to Contracting for badges/passes.

1.14 REFERENCES

All references cited in these specifications will be the most current.

END OF SECTION

01011- 3

SECTION 01620 - ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

1.0 CONTRACTOR LIABILITIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

1.1 Compliance: Contractor is responsible for compliance with all federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. These requirements include, but are not limited to items discussed in this section.

1.2 Inspection by Environmental Agencies: This installation is subject to federal, state, and local inspections to review compliance with environmental protection laws. An inspection by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ), or any other environmental or safety enforcement agency may include questioning and inspection of Contractor personnel, sites and processes.

1.3 Enforcement Actions: If a Notice of Violation, (NOV) is issued to the government or Contractor due to the Contractor’s error or omission, the Contractor will be held liable for damages to include fines, penalties, and/or corrective actions imposed by federal, state, or local agencies.

1.4 Hazardous Waste: The Contractor retains all liabilities associated with containerizing, loading, shipping, and disposing of hazardous waste.

2.0 SUBMITTALS

2.1 Environmental Management System - The Contractor will provide all information needed by the Federal facility to comply with the EO 13423. The Contractor will submit Environmental Management System (EMS) information, including required training documentation to the (Contracting Officer) CO upon request.

2.2 Hazardous Materials: In accordance with FAR Clause, 52.223-3, Hazardous Material Identification and Material Safety Data, the Contractor will submit a list of hazardous materials to be used on the job and Material Safety Data Sheets for each to the CO. After work has started, the Contractor will provide consumption reports to the CO every 30 days or at the end of their contract, which ever occurs first.

2.3 Hazardous Waste: Contractor will submit a copy of all hazardous waste manifests to the CO no later than close of business the same day waste is transported off base. Contractor will provide a closed copy of the hazardous waste manifests not later than 30 days after the waste is transported off base or prior to final payment, whichever occurs first. Since the Columbus AFB EPA Identification Number will be used on all hazardous waste manifests, a qualified Hazardous Waste Manager must sign the manifests.

2.4 Solid Waste and Recycling: The Contractor will submit a Waste Management and Demolition Work Plan for facility, roadway, and runway demolition projects to the CO. In addition, the Contractor will record construction and demolition debris quantities and waste streams, and will report these quarterly to the CO, who will provide this documentation to construction management. Construction management will in turn report these quantities and waste streams to the Pollution Prevention Manager.

2.5 Lead and Asbestos: Contractors engaged in the removal of asbestos will submit an Abatement Plan to the CO. This plan must include state notification, worker certification, disposal manifests, worker testing, and clearance sampling reports.

2.6 Storm Water: If the area disturbed by the project is greater than 1 acre but less than 5 acres, the contractor will complete a MDEQ Small Construction Baseline Notice of Intent and stormwater pollution prevention plan, and submit copies of both documents to the CO prior to commencement of work. If the area disturbed by the project is to exceed 5 acres, the contractor will submit a MDEQ Storm Water Large Construction General Permit to the CO prior to commencement of work.

2.7 Drinking Water: If any construction on the drinking water distribution system is to be conducted, the contractor will notify the CO. Prior to placing the line back into service, the line will be superchlorinated, flushed, and appropriate sampling taken to ensure the drinking water is safe for human consumption. The contractor must submit all test results to the CO for review.

2.8 Air Quality: Contractor will submit separate copies of the Columbus AFB Air Emissions Equipment Worksheet for each potential air emission source to be permanently installed on Columbus AFB. This includes, but is not limited to, all gas or diesel fired equipment. Contractor will submit the copies to the CO prior to the installation of the equipment.

3.0 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS

3.1 EMS Training - The Contractor will ensure all project managers complete initial Air Force EMS awareness training within 90 days of employment. Employees with computer access can complete the EMS Awareness Level Training at https://usaf.learningbuilder.com/Learner/LearningPlan/View/189302 course number EMS100AFIT00004. The Contractor will contact CO to arrange training for those project managers that will not have access to a government computer. Training certificates will be maintained by the Contractor for the duration of the contract and supplied to the CO upon request.

3.2 Hazardous Materials: Contractors will provide hazardous materials submittals to the CO in accordance with 2.1 of this document. In addition, Material Safety Data Sheets will be available on the work site for all hazardous materials in use on the project. Upon completion of the project, the Contractor will remove from the installation all hazardous materials that are not used on the project but otherwise in usable condition. The government will not accept unwanted hazardous materials such as paint, thinners, etc. (whether they are usable or not) as they belong to the Contractor.

3.3 Hazardous Waste: Any hazardous or special waste generated will be handled in accordance with all federal, state, and local laws and regulations, including 40 CFR 239-299 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) requirements for waste management and 49 CFR Transportation requirements for waste transport. The Contractor will be responsible for obtaining all necessary permits, licenses, and approvals, unless otherwise specified in writing by the CO. Contractor will maintain records of all waste determinations, including appropriate results of analysis performed, substances and sample locations, date and time of collection, and other pertinent data as required by 40 CFR Part 280 Technical Standards and corrective action requirements for owners and operators of underground storage tanks, and 40 CFR Part 262 Subpart D, Standards applicable to generators of hazardous waste.

3.4 Solid Waste and Recycling: Contractor will recycle all materials economically viable for recycling. The Contractor will prevent contamination of the site or other areas when handling and disposing of wastes. The Contractor will dispose of garbage, rubbish, and debris in accordance with all applicable federal, state, and local requirements.

3.5 Lead and Asbestos: Contractors not engaged in the removal of Asbestos or Lead If materials not indicated in the current contract requirements are encountered at any time that may be dangerous to human health upon disturbance, such as lead-based paint and friable and non-friable asbestos, the Contractor is to take no action which would disturb or further disturb the material encountered and will notify the Contracting Officer (CO), and assigned Quality Assurance Evaluator (QAE) or Construction Inspector (CI) immediately. Failure to make such notification will relieve the government from all liability for cost and/or performance time impacts until such time proper notifications are received by the CO. Verbal notification will be followed up with written notification within three workdays.

3.5.1 Asbestos Abatement: Contractors engaged in the removal of asbestos will submit an Asbestos Abatement Plan to the Toxics Manager to include state notification, worker certification, disposal manifests, worker testing, and clearance sampling reports prior to start of work, as required in section 2.5 of this document.

3.5.2 Lead Based Paint Removal: Contractors engaged in the removal of lead based paint will comply with 29 CFR 1926.62.

3.6 Green Procurement: Contractor will follow EPA’s comprehensive procurement guidelines, and is required to comply with the “buy recycled” program established under section 6002 of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). A copy of this document is available to the Contractor from the QAE or CO.

4.0 PROHIBITIONS

4.1 Prohibited Ozone Depleting Substances: Class I Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS) as defined in Section 602(a) of the Clean Air Act will not be used in the performance of this contract. In addition, no facility systems (HVAC or otherwise) scheduled to remain in the Air Force inventory beyond 01 January 2020 will require Class II ODS in their operations or maintenance.

4.2 Additional Prohibited Hazardous Materials: Radioactive materials or instruments capable of producing ionizing radiation, materials that contain asbestos, mercury, or PCBs, and materials that contain potentially hazardous concentrations of lead are also all prohibited. The Consumer Product Safety Commission states that potentially hazardous concentrations of lead are greater than 600 parts per million, or 0.06%. These prohibitions will be considered to prevail over any other provision, specification, and drawing or referenced documents. The CO, upon written request by the Contractor, may consider exceptions to the use of the above excluded materials.

4.3 Illegal Disposal of Chemicals: Disposal of any chemical or materials into the sanitary sewer system or out in the environment where it can enter the storm system or any natural waterway is prohibited. Disposal of any hazardous material on base is prohibited. In the event of an accidental spill, Contractor will follow procedures outlined in the Spills and Cleanup section of this document.

4.4 Unlabeled Containers: Unmarked containers are prohibited on the base. All drums and/or containers of liquid materials will be marked to indicate contents. All containers will be closed when not in use.

5.0 SPILLS AND CLEANUP

5.1 Accidental spills may occur during contract work. Spills include releases of materials from ruptured or leaking storage receptacles such as tanks, from transmission lines and/or valves. Releases include the leak of hazardous gases into the air.

5.2 In the event of a spill of any amount or type of hazardous materials or waste, including petroleum products, the Contractor will immediately notify the CO. The Contractor will provide a description of material spilled (including MSDS), time and locations of spill, estimate of amount spilled, spill surface and path of spill, noting whether the spill is likely to enter a drain inlet, waterway, or come into contact with the soil.

5.3 Contractor will take immediate action to contain and clean up spills. If the Contractor is unable to begin cleanup action within 15 minutes of the spill, the government reserves the right to begin cleanup, continue cleanup efforts/actions until the Contractor can properly take over, and/or enlist the services of another Contractor to continue cleanup as determined by the CO.

5.4 All costs incurred by the government until Contractor is capable of taking control, as determined by the CO, will be the sole responsibility of the Contractor. Contractor will ensure equipment, material and trained personnel are available to meet response time and cleanup requirements.

5.5 Spill cleanup personnel will obtain proper training and certifications to perform spill cleanup. Contractor will assume responsibility for the proper characterization and disposal of any waste and cleanup materials generated. All waste and associated cleanup material will be removed from the base and transported/stored in compliance with applicable regulations until final disposal.

5.6 The Contractor is responsible for restoring a spill site to the condition of the site prior to the spill. The government reserves the right to control spill cleanup activities. The CO remains as the only Air Force representative that may amend contract requirements.

6.0 MISCELLANEOUS

6.1 Natural Resources: Preserve natural resources within project boundaries and outside limits of permanent work. The Contractor will not remove, cut, or deface trees or shrubs without CO permission unless the work is identified in contract specifications. The Contractor will protect existing trees that could be damaged by Contractor activities. The Contractor will not place heavy objects, including vehicles or spoils/fill on tree roots. The Contractor will not fasten ropes, cables, or guy wires to trees without CO approval.

6.1.1 The Contractor will not disturb fish and wildlife. The Contractor will not alter water flows or significantly disturb native habitat adjacent to the project site.

6.1.2 Archaeological Resources: In the event of the discovery of any archaeological resources in the soil, Contractor will halt work in order to leave the resources undisturbed, and immediately notify the CO.

6.2 Radioactive Material (RAM): Non-Air Force organizations that desire to bring RAM, such as soil density meters, onto Columbus AFB, or conduct operations involving RAM on base, will obtain written approval through the CO and the base Radiation Safety Officer (14 MDOS/SGOAB). In addition, the Contractor will provide the CO a copy of their radioactive material permit and training certificates if radioactive material will be brought onto base. The permit and training certificates will be coordinated through 14 MDOS/SGOAB.

01620- 5

DIVISION 2 - SITEWORK

SECTION 02222 - EXCAVATION, TRENCHING, AND BACKFILLING FOR UTILITIES SYSTEMS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only.

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

ASTM D 422 Particle-Size Analysis of Soils

ASTM D 1556 Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Sand-Cone Method

ASTM D 1557 Standard Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3 (2,700 kN-m/m3))

ASTM D 2487 Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)

ASTM D 6938-10 Standard Test Method for In-Place Density and Water Content of Soil and Soil-Aggregate by Nuclear Methods (Willow Depth)

UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC)

UFC 3-220-01 Geotechnical Engineering, with Change 1

UFC 3-220-04FA Backfill for Subsurface Structures

UFC 3-220-10 Soil Mechanics (DM7.1)

1.2 MEASUREMENTS AND PAYMENTS

All measurement and payment will be based on completed work performed in accordance with the drawings and specifications.

1.2.1 Trench Excavation

Trench excavation will be the number of cubic yards excavated and measured to the depths and widths specified for the particular size of pipe. Payment for trench excavation as so measured will constitute full payment for excavation and backfilling. Unstable trench bottoms will be replaced by select granular material and paid for as specified below. Trench excavation will also include the additional width at manholes and similar structures, the furnishing, placing and removal of sheeting and bracing, pumping and bailing, and all incidentals necessary to complete the work required by this section.

1.2.2 Sheeting and Bracing

Sheeting and bracing when shown or authorized by the Contracting Officer to be left in place, will be paid for as the number of square feet of sheeting used below finish grade.

1.2.3 Select Granular Material

Select granular material will be measured in place as the actual cubic yards replacing wet or unstable material in trench bottoms within the limits shown and in authorized overdepth areas. The unit price will include furnishing and placing the granular material, excavation and disposal of unsatisfactory material, and additional requirements for sheeting and bracing, pumping, bailing, cleaning, and other incidentals necessary to complete the work. Payment for select granular material will be made in addition to the bid price for trench excavation.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

1.3.1 Degree of Compaction

Degree of compaction must be expressed as a percentage of the maximum density obtained by the test procedure presented in ASTM D 1557.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

Copies of all laboratory and field test reports must be submitted to the Contracting Officer within 24 hours of the completion of the test.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

2.1.1 Satisfactory Materials

Satisfactory materials will consist of any material classified by ASTM D 2487 as GW, GP, GC, SW, and SP.

2.1.2 Unsatisfactory Materials

Unsatisfactory materials will be materials that do not comply with the requirements for satisfactory materials. Unsatisfactory materials include but are not limited to those materials containing roots and other organic matter, trash, debris, frozen materials and stones larger than 2 inches, and materials classified in ASTM D 2487, as PT, OH, and OL. Unsatisfactory materials also include man-made fills, refuse, or backfills from previous construction.

2.1.3 Cohesionless and Cohesive Materials

Cohesionless materials will include materials classified in ASTM D 2487 as GW, GP, SW, and SP. Cohesive materials include materials classified as GC, SC, ML, CL, MH, and CH. Materials classified as GM and SM will be identified as cohesionless only when the fines are nonplastic.

2.1.4 Unyielding Material

Unyielding material will consist of rock and gravelly soils with stones greater than 2 inches in any dimension or as defined by the pipe manufacturer, whichever is smaller.

2.1.5 Select Granular Material

Select granular material will consist of well-graded sand (when approved), gravel, crushed gravel, or crushed stone composed of hard, tough and durable particles, and must contain not more than 10 percent by weight of material passing a No. 200 mesh sieve and no less than 95 percent by weight passing the 1-inch sieve. The maximum allowable aggregate size will be 2 inches, or the maximum size recommended by the pipe manufacturer, whichever is smaller.

2.1.6 Plastic Marking Tape

Plastic marking tape must be acid and alkali-resistant polyethylene film, 6 inches wide with minimum thickness of 0.004 inch. Tape must have a minimum strength of 1750 psi lengthwise and 1500 psi crosswise. The tape will be manufactured with integral wires, foil backing or other means to enable detection by a metal detector when the tape is buried up to 3 feet deep. The tape will be of a type specifically manufactured for marking and locating underground utilities. The metallic core of the tape will be encased in a protective jacket or provided with other means to protect it from corrosion. Tape color must be as specified in TABLE 1 and must bear a continuous printed inscription describing the specific utility.

TABLE 1. Tape Color

Police, and Fire Communications

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXCAVATION

Excavation will be performed to the lines and grades indicated. Earth excavation will include removal and disposal of material not classified as satisfactory for backfilling. During excavation, material satisfactory for backfilling will be stockpiled in an orderly manner. Excavated material not required or not satisfactory for backfill will be removed from the site and will be disposed of off Government property. Grading will be done as may be necessary to prevent surface water from flowing into the excavation, and any water accumulating therein will be removed to maintain the stability of the bottom and sides of the excavation. Unauthorized over-excavation will be backfilled in accordance with paragraph “BACKFILLING AND COMPACTION” at no additional cost to the Government.

3.1.1 Trench Excavation

The trench will be excavated as recommended by the manufacturer of the pipe to be installed. Trench walls below the top of the pipe will be sloped, or made vertical, and of such width as recommended in the manufacturer's installation manual. Where no manufacturer's installation manual is available, trench walls will be made vertical. Trench walls will be shored, cut back to a stable slope, or provided with equivalent means of protection for employees who may be exposed to moving ground or cave in as required by Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Special attention will be given to slopes which may be adversely affected by weather or moisture content. The trench width below the top of pipe will not exceed 24 inches plus pipe outside diameter (O.D.) for pipes of less than 24 inches inside diameter and will not exceed 36 inches plus pipe outside diameter for sizes larger than 24 inches inside diameter. Where recommended trench widths are exceeded, redesign, stronger pipe, or special installation procedures will be utilized by the Contractor. The cost of redesign, stronger pipe, or special installation procedures will be borne by the Contractor without any additional cost to the Government.

3.1.1.1 Bottom Preparation

The bottoms of trenches will be accurately graded to provide uniform bearing and support for the bottom quadrant of each section of the pipe. Bell holes will be excavated to the necessary size at each joint or coupling to eliminate point bearing. Stones of 2 inches or greater in any dimension, or as recommended by the pipe manufacturer, whichever is smaller, will be removed to avoid point bearing.

3.1.1.2 Removal of Unyielding Material

Where overdepth is not indicated and unyielding material is encountered in the bottom of the trench, such material will be removed 4 inches below the required grade and replaced with suitable materials as provided in paragraph “BACKFILLING AND COMPACTION”.

3.1.1.3 Removal of Unstable Material

Where unstable material is encountered in the bottom of the trench, such material will be removed to the depth directed and replaced to the proper grade with select granular material as provided in paragraph “BACKFILLING AND COMPACTION”. When removal of unstable material is required due to the fault or neglect of the Contractor in his performance of the work, the resulting material will be excavated and replaced by the Contractor without additional cost to the Government.

3.1.1.4 Excavation for Appurtenances

Excavation for manholes, catch-basins, inlets, or similar structures will be of sufficient size to permit the placement and removal of forms for the full length and width of structure footings and foundations as shown. Removal of unstable material will be as specified above. When concrete or masonry is to be placed in an excavated area, special care will be taken not to disturb the bottom of the excavation. Excavation to the final grade level will not be made until just before the concrete or masonry is to be placed.

3.1.1.5 Jacking, Boring, and Tunneling

Unless otherwise indicated, excavation will be by open cut except that sections of a trench may be jacked, bored, or tunneled if, in the opinion of the Government Representative, the pipe, cable, or duct can be safely and properly installed and backfill can be properly compacted in such sections.

3.1.1.6 Stockpiles

Stockpiles of satisfactory and unsatisfactory and wasted materials will be placed and graded as specified. Stockpiles will be kept in a neat and well drained condition, giving due consideration to drainage at all times. The ground surface at stockpile locations will be cleared, grubbed, and sealed by rubber-tired equipment, excavated satisfactory and unsatisfactory materials will be separately stockpiled. Stockpiles of satisfactory materials will be protected from contamination which may destroy the quality and fitness of the stockpiled material. If the Contractor fails to protect the stockpiles, and any material becomes unsatisfactory, such material will be removed and replaced with satisfactory material from approved sources at no additional cost to the Government. Locations of stockpiles of satisfactory materials will be subject to prior approval of the Contracting Officer.

3.2 BACKFILLING AND COMPACTION

Backfill material will consist of select granular material as required. Backfill will be placed in layers not exceeding 6 inches loose thickness for compaction by hand operated machine compactors, and 8 inches loose thickness for other than hand operated machines, unless otherwise specified. Each layer must be compacted to at least 95 percent maximum density for cohesionless soils and 90 percent maximum density for cohesive soils, unless otherwise specified.

3.2.1 Trench Backfill

Trenches will be backfilled to the grade shown. The joints and couplings will be left uncovered during the pressure test. The trench will not be backfilled until all specified tests are performed.

3.2.1.1 Replacement of Unyielding Material

Unyielding material removed from the bottom of the trench will be replaced with select granular material.

3.2.1.2 Replacement of Unstable Material

Unstable material removed from the bottom of the trench or excavation will be replaced with select granular material placed in layers not exceeding 6 inches loose thickness.

3.2.1.3 Bedding and Initial Backfill

Initial backfill material will be placed and compacted with approved tampers to a height of at least one foot above the utility pipe or conduit. The backfill will be brought up evenly on both sides of the pipe for the full length of the pipe. Care will be taken to ensure thorough compaction of the fill under the haunches of the pipe.

3.2.1.4 Final Backfill

The remainder of the trench must be filled with satisfactory material and compacted to 100 percent maximum density.

3.2.2 Backfill for Appurtenances

After the manhole, catch basin, inlet, or similar structure has been constructed and the concrete has been allowed to cure for 7 days, backfill will be placed in such a manner that the structure will not be damaged by the shock of falling earth. The backfill material will be deposited and compacted as specified for final backfill, and will be brought up evenly on all sides of the structure to prevent eccentric loading and excessive stress.

3.3 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS

Special requirements for both excavation and backfill relating to the specific utilities are as follows:

3.3.1 Water Lines

Trenches will be of a depth to provide a minimum cover of 2 feet from the existing ground surface, or from the indicated finished grade, whichever is lower, to the top of the pipe.

3.3.2 Electrical Distribution System

Direct burial cable and conduit or duct line will have a minimum cover of 24 inches from the finished grade, unless otherwise indicated.

3.3.3 Plastic Marking Tape

Warning tapes will be installed directly above the pipe, at a depth of 18 inches below finished grade unless otherwise shown.

3.4 TESTING

Testing will be the responsibility of the Contractor and will be performed at no additional cost to the Government.

3.4.1 Testing Facilities

Tests must be performed by an approved commercial testing laboratory.

3.4.2 Testing of Backfill Materials

Characteristics of backfill materials will be determined in accordance with particle size analysis of soils ASTM D 422 and moisture-density relations of soils ASTM D 1557. A minimum of one particle size analysis and one moisture-density relation test will be performed on each different type of material used for bedding and backfill.

3.4.3 Field Density Tests

Tests will be performed in sufficient numbers to ensure that the specified density is being obtained. A minimum of one field density test per lift of backfill for every 500 feet of installation will be performed. Field in-place density will be determined in accordance with ASTM D 1556 or ASTM D 2922. When ASTM D 6938-10 is used, the calibration curves will be checked and adjusted as described in paragraph “Calibration” of the ASTM publication. Trenches improperly compacted will be reopened to the depth directed, then refilled and compacted to the density specified at no additional cost to the Government.

3.4.4 Displacement of Sewers

After other required tests have been performed and the trench backfill compacted to the finished grade surface, the pipe will be inspected to determine whether significant displacement has occurred. If, in the judgement of the Contracting Officer, the interior of the pipe shows poor alignment or any other defects that would cause improper functioning of the system, the defects will be remedied as directed at no additional cost to the Government.

02222- 8

SECTION 02225 - EARTHWORK FOR ROADWAYS AND AIRFIELDS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only.

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

ASTM D 1556 Density and Unit Weight of Soil In Place by the Sand-Cone Method

ASTM D 1557 Standard Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3 (2,700 kN-m/m3))

ASTM D 2487 Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)

ASTM D 6938-10 Standard Test Method for In-Place Density and Water Content of Soil and Soil-Aggregate by Nuclear Methods (Willow Depth)

UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC)

UFC 3-250-01 Pavement Design for Roads and Parking Areas

UFC 3-260-02 Pavement Design for Airfields

1.2 MEASUREMENT

1.2.1 Excavation

The unit of measurement for excavation will be the cubic yard. Excavation to be paid for will be the number of cubic yards excavated, measured in the original position; and computed by the average end-area method. Measurement will not include yardage excavated without authorization or yardage of materials used for purposes other than those specified or directed. The measurement will not include the yardage of subgrade material or other material that is scarified or plowed and reused in-place by road mixing or other similar in-place method of operation.

1.2.2 Borrow

The unit of measurement for borrow will be the cubic yard. Yardage of borrow to be paid for will be the number of cubic yards of common borrow or unclassified borrow excavated and satisfactorily placed in embankment, measured in the original position, and computed by the average end-area method. The yardage of overburden stripped from borrow pits and the yardage of excavation for ditches for drainage of borrow pits, unless used as borrow material, will not be included in the yardage to be paid for. The measurement will not include the yardage of excavation performed prior to taking of elevations and measurements of the undisturbed ground. Borrow will be classified as specified under the contract for excavation.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

1.3.1 Satisfactory Materials

Satisfactory materials will comprise any materials classified by ASTM D 2487 as GW, SW, and GC.

1.3.2 Unsatisfactory Materials

Unsatisfactory materials will comprise any materials classified by ASTM D 2487 as Pt, OH, OL, and any material not classified as satisfactory materials.

1.3.3 Cohesionless and Cohesive Materials

Cohesionless materials include materials classified in ASTM D 2487 as GW, GP, SW, and SP. Cohesive materials include materials classified as GC, SC, ML, CL, MH, and CH. Materials classified as GM and SM will be identified as cohesionless only when the fines are nonplastic.

1.3.4 Degree of Compaction

Degree of compaction required is expressed as a percentage of the maximum density obtained by the test procedure presented in ASTM D 1557. This will be abbreviated in paragraphs 3.5, 3.6, 3.7.2.1, and 3.7.2.2 as a percent of laboratory maximum density.

1.4 CLASSIFICATION OF EXCAVATION

No consideration will be given to the nature of the materials, and all excavation will be designated as unclassified excavation.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS (Not Applicable)

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 STRIPPING OF TOPSOIL

Where indicated or directed, topsoil will be stripped to a depth of 8 inches. Topsoil will be spread on areas already graded and prepared for topsoil, or when so specified topsoil will be transported and deposited in stockpiles convenient to areas that are to receive application of the topsoil later, or at locations indicated or specified. Topsoil will be kept separate from other excavated materials, brush, litter, objectionable weeds, roots, stones larger than 2 inches in diameter, and other materials that would interfere with planting and maintenance operations.

3.2 EXCAVATION

The Contractor will perform excavation of every type of material encountered within the limits of the project, to the lines, grades, and elevations indicated and as specified herein. Grading will be in conformity with the typical sections shown and the tolerances specified in paragraph "FINISHING." Satisfactory excavated materials will be transported to and placed in fill or embankment within the limits of the work. Unsatisfactory materials encountered within the limits of the work will be excavated below grade and replaced with satisfactory materials as directed. Unsatisfactory excavated material will be disposed of off Government Property. During construction, excavation and fill will be performed in a manner and sequence that will provide proper drainage at all times. Material required for fill or embankment in excess of that produced by excavation within the grading limits will be excavated from the borrow areas indicated or from other approved areas selected by the Contractor as specified herein.

3.2.1 Ditches, Gutters, and Channel Changes

Excavation of ditches, gutters, and channel changes will be accomplished by cutting accurately to the cross sections, grades, and elevations shown. Care must be taken not to excavate ditches and gutters below grades shown. Excessive open ditch or gutter excavation will be backfilled with satisfactory thoroughly compacted material at no additional cost to the Government. Material excavated will be disposed of as shown or as directed. The Contractor will maintain all excavations free from detrimental quantities of leaves, brush, sticks, trash, and other debris until final acceptance of the work.

3.2.2 Drainage Structures

Excavations will be made accurately to the lines, grades, and elevations shown or as directed. Trenches and foundation pits will be of sufficient size to permit the placement and removal of forms for the full length and width of structure footings and foundations as shown. When concrete or masonry is to be placed in an excavated area, special care must be taken not to disturb the bottom of the excavation. Excavation to final grade will not be made until just before the concrete or masonry is to be placed.

3.3 SELECTION OF BORROW MATERIAL

Borrow material will be selected to meet the requirements and conditions of the particular fill or embankment for which it is to be used. Borrow material will be obtained from approved sources, either private or within the limits of the project site, selected by the Contractor. Unless otherwise provided in the contract, the Contractor will obtain from the owners the right to procure material and bear all expense of developing the sources. Unless specifically provided, no borrow will be obtained within the limits of the project site without prior written approval. Necessary clearing, grubbing, and satisfactory drainage of borrow pits and the disposal of debris thereon will be considered related operations to the borrow excavation and will be performed by the Contractor at no additional cost to the Government.

3.4 OPENING AND DRAINAGE OF EXCAVATION AND BORROW PITS

The Contractor will notify the Contracting Officer sufficiently in advance of the opening of any excavation or borrow pit to permit elevations and measurements of the undisturbed ground surface to be taken. Borrow pits will be neatly trimmed and drained after the excavation is completed. The Contractor will ensure that excavation of any area, operation of borrow pits, or dumping of spoil material results in minimum detrimental effects on natural environmental conditions.

3.5 BACKFILL

Backfill adjacent to any and all types of structures must be placed and compacted to at least 90 percent laboratory maximum density for cohesive materials or 95 percent laboratory maximum density for cohesionless materials, in such a manner as to prevent wedging action or eccentric loading upon or against any structure. Compaction will be accomplished by sheepsfoot rollers, pneumatic-tired rollers, steel-wheeled rollers, vibratory compactors, or other approved equipment well suited to the material being compacted.

3.6 PREPARATION OF GROUND SURFACE FOR EMBANKMENTS

Ground surface on which fill is to be placed must be stripped of live, dead, or decayed vegetation, rubbish, debris, and other unsatisfactory material; plowed, disked, or otherwise broken up; pulverized; moistened or aerated as necessary; thoroughly mixed; and compacted to at least 90 percent laboratory maximum density for cohesive materials or 95 percent laboratory maximum density for cohesionless materials. Compaction will be accomplished by sheepsfoot rollers, pneumatic-tired rollers, steel-wheeled rollers, vibratory compactors, or other approved equipment well suited to the material being compacted. The prepared ground surface will be scarified and moistened or aerated as required just prior to placement of embankment materials to assure adequate bond between embankment material and the prepared ground surface.

3.7 SUBGRADE PREPARATION

3.7.1 Construction

Subgrade will be shaped to line, grade, and cross section, and compacted as specified. This operation will include plowing, disking, and any moistening or aerating required to obtain specified compaction. Soft or otherwise unsatisfactory material will be removed and replaced with satisfactory excavated material or other approved material as directed. Low areas resulting from removal of unsatisfactory material will be brought up to required grade with satisfactory materials, and the entire subgrade will be shaped to line, grade, and cross section and compacted as specified.

3.7.2 Compaction

Compaction will be accomplished by sheepsfoot rollers, pneumatic-tired rollers, steel-wheeled rollers, vibratory compactors, or other approved equipment well suited to the type of material being compacted.

3.7.2.1 Subgrade for Pavements

Subgrade for pavements must be compacted to at least 95 percentage laboratory maximum density for the depth below the surface of the pavement shown.

3.7.2.2 Subgrade for Shoulders

Subgrade for shoulders must be compacted to at least 95 percentage laboratory maximum density for the depth below the surface of shoulder shown.

3.8 FINISHING

The surface of all excavations, embankments, and subgrades will be finished to a smooth and compact surface in accordance with the lines, grades, and cross sections or elevations shown. The degree of finish for all graded areas must be within 0.1 foot of the grades and elevations indicated. Gutters and ditches must be finished in a manner that will result in effective drainage. The surface of areas to be turfed will be finished to a smoothness suitable for the application of turfing materials.

3.9 TESTING

Testing will be the responsibility of the Contractor and will be performed at no additional cost to the Government. Testing must be performed by an approved commercial testing laboratory or may be tested by the Contractor subject to approval. If the Contractor elects to establish testing facilities, no work requiring testing will be permitted until the Contractor's facilities have been inspected and approved by the Contracting Officer. Field in-place density will be determined in accordance with ASTM D 1556 or ASTM D 6938-10. Within 24 hours of conclusion of physical tests, 3 copies of test results, including calibration curves and results of calibration tests, will be furnished to the Contracting Officer. When test results indicate, as determined by the Contracting Officer, that compaction is not as specified, the material will be removed, replaced and recompacted to meet specification requirements, at no additional expense to the Government. Tests on recompacted areas will be performed to determine conformance with specification requirements. The following number of tests, if performed at the appropriate time, will be the minimum acceptable for each type operation.

3.9.1 In-Place Densities

One test per 500 square yard, or fraction thereof, of each lift of fill or backfill areas compacted.

3.9.2 Optimum Moisture and Laboratory Maximum Density.

A test must be made for each type of material used.

3.10 SUBGRADE AND EMBANKMENT PROTECTION

During construction, embankments and excavations must be kept shaped and drained. Ditches and drains along subgrade will be maintained in such a manner as to drain effectively at all times.