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About this file
Summary
This document is the 2009 Edition of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), the national standard for traffic control devices approved by the Federal Highway Administration under 23 U.S. Code and 23 CFR 655. The MUTCD provides comprehensive standards and guidance for the design, application, placement, operation, and maintenance of all traffic control devices—including signs, signals, markings, and related devices—used on streets, highways, bikeways, and private roads open to public travel throughout the United States. The manual addresses nine parts covering general provisions, signs (regulatory, warning, and guide signs for conventional roads and freeways), markings, highway traffic signals, traffic control for low-volume roads, temporary traffic control zones, school areas, railroad/light rail grade crossings, and bicycle facilities. Key sections establish uniform standards for sign dimensions, lettering heights, colors, retroreflectivity requirements, placement distances, and operational specifications designed to promote safety and facilitate orderly traffic movement.
The MUTCD establishes mandatory standards (prefaced with "shall"), recommended guidance (prefaced with "should"), and permissive options (prefaced with "may") that states and local jurisdictions must follow to maintain substantial conformance with federal requirements. The document specifies compliance deadlines for implementation of various provisions, with target dates established by FHWA ranging from 2011 through 2019. All traffic control devices must conform to standard designs, colors, and specifications detailed in the accompanying "Standard Highway Signs and Markings" publication. States are required to adopt the MUTCD either in its entirety or with supplemental provisions within two years of any revision, and new or reconstructed devices must comply with the current edition before reopening roadways to public travel. The manual applies to all public highways and private roads open to public travel, with specific exemptions for parking areas and private gated properties.
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| Solicitation.pdf | ||
| Attachment A.pdf | ||
| Attachment C.pdf | ||
| Amendment One.pdf | ||
| Attachment B.pdf |
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Text version
2009 Edition Page i
December 2009�
The Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) is approved by the Federal Highway Administrator as the National Standard in accordance with Title 23 U.S. Code, Sections 109(d), 114(a), 217, 315, and 402(a), 23 CFR 655, and 49 CFR 1.48(b)(8), 1.48(b)(33), and 1.48(c)(2).
Addresses for Publications Referenced in the MUTCD
American Automobile Association (AAA) 1000 AAA Drive Heathrow, FL 32746 www.aaa.com 800‑222‑4357
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) 444 North Capitol Street, NW, Suite 249 Washington, DC 20001 www.transportation.org 202‑624‑5800
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 1819 L Street, NW, 6th floor Washington, DC 20036 www.ansi.org 202‑293‑8020
American Railway Engineering and Maintenance‑of‑Way Association (AREMA) 10003 Derekwood Lane, Suite 210 Lanham, MD 20706 www.arema.org 301‑459‑3200
Federal Highway Administration Report Center Facsimile number: 814-239-2156 report.center@fhwa.dot.gov
Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) 120 Wall Street, Floor 17 New York, NY 10005 www.iesna.org 212‑248‑5000
Institute of Makers of Explosives 1120 19th Street, NW, Suite 310 Washington, DC 20036‑3605 www.ime.org 202‑429‑9280
Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) 1099 14th Street, NW, Suite 300 West Washington, DC 20005‑3438 www.ite.org 202‑289‑0222
International Organization for Standardization 1, ch. de la Voie‑Creuse Case Postale 56
CH‑1211
Geneva 20, Switzerland www.iso.ch 011‑41‑22‑749‑0111
Page ii 2009 Edition
� December 2009
International Safety Equipment Association (ISEA) 1901 North Moore Street, Suite 808 Arlington, VA 22209 www.safetyequipment.org 703‑525‑1695
National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances (NCUTLO) 107 South West Street, Suite 110 Alexandria, VA 22314 www.ncutlo.org 800‑807‑5290
National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1752 Rosslyn, VA 22209 www.nema.org 703‑841‑3200
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) U.S. Department of Labor 200 Constitution Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20210 www.osha.gov 800‑321‑6742
Transportation Research Board (TRB) The National Academies 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 www.nas.edu/trb 202‑334‑3072
U.S. Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board (The U.S. Access Board) 1331 F Street, NW, Suite 1000 Washington, DC 20004‑1111 www.access‑board.gov 202‑272‑0080
Acknowledgments
The Federal Highway Administration gratefully acknowledges the valuable assistance that it received from the National Committee on Uniform Traffic Control Devices and its more than 250 voluntary members in the development of this Manual.
2009 Edition Page TC-1
MANUAL ON UNIFORM TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................................I-1
| PART 1. | GENERAL |
| CHAPTER 1A. | GENERAL |
| Section 1A.01 | Purpose of Traffic Control Devices............................................................................................. 1 |
| Section 1A.02 | Principles of Traffic Control Devices.......................................................................................... 1 |
| Section 1A.03 | Design of Traffic Control Devices............................................................................................... 1 |
| Section 1A.04 | Placement and Operation of Traffic Control Devices................................................................. 2 |
| Section 1A.05 | Maintenance of Traffic Control Devices..................................................................................... 2 |
| Section 1A.06 | Uniformity of Traffic Control Devices........................................................................................ 2 |
| Section 1A.07 | Responsibility for Traffic Control Devices.................................................................................. 2 |
| Section 1A.08 | Authority for Placement of Traffic Control Devices................................................................... 3 |
| Section 1A.09 | Engineering Study and Engineering Judgment........................................................................... 4 |
| Section 1A.10 | Interpretations, Experimentations, Changes, and Interim Approvals......................................... 4 |
| Section 1A.11 | Relation to Other Publications.................................................................................................... 7 |
| Section 1A.12 | Color Code................................................................................................................................ 10 |
| Section 1A.13 | Definitions of Headings, Words, and Phrases in this Manual................................................... 10 |
| Section 1A.14 | Meanings of Acronyms and Abbreviations in this Manual....................................................... 23 |
| Section 1A.15 | Abbreviations Used on Traffic Control Devices........................................................................ 24 |
| PART 2. | SIGNS |
| CHAPTER 2A. | GENERAL |
| Section 2A.01 | Function and Purpose of Signs................................................................................................. 27 |
| Section 2A.02 | Definitions................................................................................................................................. 27 |
| Section 2A.03 | Standardization of Application................................................................................................. 27 |
| Section 2A.04 | Excessive Use of Signs.............................................................................................................. 27 |
| Section 2A.05 | Classification of Signs............................................................................................................... 28 |
| Section 2A.06 | Design of Signs......................................................................................................................... 28 |
| Section 2A.07 | Retroreflectivity and Illumination............................................................................................. 29 |
| Section 2A.08 | Maintaining Minimum Retroreflectivity................................................................................... 30 |
| Section 2A.09 | Shapes....................................................................................................................................... 32 |
| Section 2A.10 | Sign Colors................................................................................................................................ 32 |
| Section 2A.11 | Dimensions................................................................................................................................ 32 |
| Section 2A.12 | Symbols..................................................................................................................................... 34 |
| Section 2A.13 | Word Messages......................................................................................................................... 35 |
| Section 2A.14 | Sign Borders.............................................................................................................................. 36 |
| Section 2A.15 | Enhanced Conspicuity for Standard Signs................................................................................ 36 |
| Section 2A.16 | Standardization of Location...................................................................................................... 37 |
| Section 2A.17 | Overhead Sign Installations...................................................................................................... 41 |
| Section 2A.18 | Mounting Height....................................................................................................................... 42 |
| Section 2A.19 | Lateral Offset............................................................................................................................ 43 |
| Section 2A.20 | Orientation................................................................................................................................ 43 |
| Section 2A.21 | Posts and Mountings................................................................................................................. 44 |
| Section 2A.22 | Maintenance.............................................................................................................................. 44 |
| Section 2A.23 | Median Opening Treatments for Divided Highways with Wide Medians................................ 44 |
Page TC-2 2009 Edition
| CHAPTER 2B. | REGULATORY SIGNS, BARRICADES, AND GATES |
| Section 2B.01 | Application of Regulatory Signs............................................................................................... 45 |
| Section 2B.02 | Design of Regulatory Signs....................................................................................................... 45 |
| Section 2B.03 | Size of Regulatory Signs........................................................................................................... 45 |
| Section 2B.04 | Right-of-Way at Intersections.................................................................................................... 49 |
| Section 2B.05 | STOP Sign (R1-1) and ALL WAY Plaque (R1-3P)................................................................... 51 |
| Section 2B.06 | STOP Sign Applications........................................................................................................... 52 |
| Section 2B.07 | Multi-Way Stop Applications.................................................................................................... 52 |
| Section 2B.08 | YIELD Sign (R1-2)................................................................................................................... 53 |
| Section 2B.09 | YIELD Sign Applications......................................................................................................... 53 |
| Section 2B.10 | STOP Sign or YIELD Sign Placement...................................................................................... 53 |
| Section 2B.11 | Yield Here To Pedestrians Signs and Stop Here For Pedestrians Signs (R1-5 Series).............. 54 |
| Section 2B.12 | In-Street and Overhead Pedestrian Crossing Signs (R1-6, R1-6a, R1-9, and R1-9a)................ 55 |
| Section 2B.13 | Speed Limit Sign (R2-1)........................................................................................................... 56 |
| Section 2B.14 | Truck Speed Limit Plaque (R2-2P)........................................................................................... 58 |
| Section 2B.15 | Night Speed Limit Plaque (R2-3P)............................................................................................ 58 |
| Section 2B.16 | Minimum Speed Limit Plaque (R2-4P).................................................................................... 59 |
| Section 2B.17 | Higher Fines Signs and Plaque (R2-6P, R2-10, and R2-11)...................................................... 59 |
| Section 2B.18 | Movement Prohibition Signs (R3-1 through R3-4, R3-18, and R3-27)..................................... 60 |
| Section 2B.19 | Intersection Lane Control Signs (R3-5 through R3-8).............................................................. 61 |
| Section 2B.20 | Mandatory Movement Lane Control Signs (R3-5, R3-5a, R3-7, and R3-20)............................ 62 |
| Section 2B.21 | Optional Movement Lane Control Sign (R3-6)........................................................................ 63 |
| Section 2B.22 | Advance Intersection Lane Control Signs (R3-8 Series)........................................................... 64 |
| Section 2B.23 | RIGHT (LEFT) LANE MUST EXIT Sign (R3-33)................................................................. 64 |
| Section 2B.24 | Two-Way Left Turn Only Signs (R3-9a, R3-9b)....................................................................... 64 |
| Section 2B.25 | BEGIN and END Plaques (R3-9cP, R3-9dP)............................................................................ 64 |
| Section 2B.26 | Reversible Lane Control Signs (R3-9e through R3-9i)............................................................. 65 |
| Section 2B.27 | Jughandle Signs (R3-23, R3-24, R3-25, and R3-26 Series)....................................................... 67 |
| Section 2B.28 | DO NOT PASS Sign (R4-1)...................................................................................................... 72 |
| Section 2B.29 | PASS WITH CARE Sign (R4-2).............................................................................................. 73 |
| Section 2B.30 | KEEP RIGHT EXCEPT TO PASS Sign (R4-16) and SLOWER TRAFFIC KEEP |
| RIGHT Sign (R4-3)................................................................................................................... 73 | |
| Section 2B.31 | TRUCKS USE RIGHT LANE Sign (R4-5).............................................................................. 73 |
| Section 2B.32 | Keep Right and Keep Left Signs (R4-7, R4-8).......................................................................... 73 |
| Section 2B.33 | STAY IN LANE Sign (R4-9).................................................................................................... 74 |
| Section 2B.34 | RUNAWAY VEHICLES ONLY Sign (R4-10).......................................................................... 74 |
| Section 2B.35 | Slow Vehicle Turn-Out Signs (R4-12, R4-13, and R4-14)......................................................... 74 |
| Section 2B.36 | DO NOT DRIVE ON SHOULDER Sign (R4-17) and DO NOT PASS ON SHOULDER |
| Sign (R4-18).............................................................................................................................. 75 | |
| Section 2B.37 | DO NOT ENTER Sign (R5-1).................................................................................................. 75 |
| Section 2B.38 | WRONG WAY Sign (R5-1a)..................................................................................................... 76 |
| Section 2B.39 | Selective Exclusion Signs.......................................................................................................... 76 |
| Section 2B.40 | ONE WAY Signs (R6-1, R6-2).................................................................................................. 77 |
| Section 2B.41 | Wrong-Way Traffic Control at Interchange Ramps................................................................... 79 |
| Section 2B.42 | Divided Highway Crossing Signs (R6-3, R6-3a)....................................................................... 82 |
| Section 2B.43 | Roundabout Directional Arrow Signs (R6-4, R6-4a, and R6-4b)............................................. 84 |
| Section 2B.44 | Roundabout Circulation Plaque (R6-5P)................................................................................... 84 |
| Section 2B.45 | Examples of Roundabout Signing............................................................................................. 84 |
| Section 2B.46 | Parking, Standing, and Stopping Signs (R7 and R8 Series)...................................................... 88 |
| Section 2B.47 | Design of Parking, Standing, and Stopping Signs..................................................................... 89 |
| Section 2B.48 | Placement of Parking, Stopping, and Standing Signs............................................................... 92 |
| Section 2B.49 | Emergency Restriction Signs (R8-4, R8-7, R8-8)...................................................................... 92 |
| Section 2B.50 | WALK ON LEFT FACING TRAFFIC and No Hitchhiking Signs (R9-1, R9-4, R9-4a)........ 92 |
2009 Edition Page TC-3
| Section 2B.51 | Pedestrian Crossing Signs (R9-2, R9-3).................................................................................... 92 |
| Section 2B.52 | Traffic Signal Pedestrian and Bicycle Actuation Signs (R10-1 through R10-4, and R10-24 |
| through R10-26)........................................................................................................................ 94 | |
| Section 2B.53 | Traffic Signal Signs (R10-5 through R10-30)............................................................................ 95 |
| Section 2B.54 | No Turn on Red Signs (R10-11 Series, R10-17a, and R10-30).................................................. 95 |
| Section 2B.55 | Photo Enforced Signs and Plaques (R10-18, R10-19P, R10-19aP)............................................. 97 |
| Section 2B.56 | Ramp Metering Signs (R10-28 and R10-29)............................................................................. 97 |
| Section 2B.57 | KEEP OFF MEDIAN Sign (R11-1).......................................................................................... 97 |
| Section 2B.58 | ROAD CLOSED Sign (R11-2) and LOCAL TRAFFIC ONLY Signs (R11-3 Series, R11-4).... 98 |
| Section 2B.59 | Weight Limit Signs (R12-1 through R12-5).............................................................................. 98 |
| Section 2B.60 | Weigh Station Signs (R13 Series).............................................................................................. 99 |
| Section 2B.61 | TRUCK ROUTE Sign (R14-1).................................................................................................. 99 |
| Section 2B.62 | Hazardous Material Signs (R14-2, R14-3)................................................................................ 99 |
| Section 2B.63 | National Network Signs (R14-4, R14-5)................................................................................. 100 |
| Section 2B.64 | Headlight Use Signs (R16-5 through R16-11)......................................................................... 100 |
| Section 2B.65 | FENDER BENDER Sign (R16-4).......................................................................................... 101 |
| Section 2B.66 | Seat Belt Symbol..................................................................................................................... 101 |
| Section 2B.67 | Barricades............................................................................................................................... 101 |
| Section 2B.68 | Gates....................................................................................................................................... 101 |
| CHAPTER 2C. | WARNING SIGNS AND OBJECT MARKERS |
| Section 2C.01 | Function of Warning Signs..................................................................................................... 103 |
| Section 2C.02 | Application of Warning Signs................................................................................................. 103 |
| Section 2C.03 | Design of Warning Signs........................................................................................................ 103 |
| Section 2C.04 | Size of Warning Signs............................................................................................................. 103 |
| Section 2C.05 | Placement of Warning Signs................................................................................................... 108 |
| Section 2C.06 | Horizontal Alignment Warning Signs..................................................................................... 109 |
| Section 2C.07 | Horizontal Alignment Signs (W1-1 through W1-5, W1-11, W1-15).........................................110 |
| Section 2C.08 | Advisory Speed Plaque (W13-1P)............................................................................................112 |
| Section 2C.09 | Chevron Alignment Sign (W1-8).............................................................................................112 |
| Section 2C.10 | Combination Horizontal Alignment/Advisory Speed Signs (W1-1a, W1-2a)..........................113 |
| Section 2C.11 | Combination Horizontal Alignment/Intersection Signs (W1-10 Series)..................................113 |
| Section 2C.12 | One-Direction Large Arrow Sign (W1-6)................................................................................113 |
| Section 2C.13 | Truck Rollover Warning Sign (W1-13).....................................................................................114 |
| Section 2C.14 | Advisory Exit and Ramp Speed Signs (W13-2 and W13-3).....................................................114 |
| Section 2C.15 | Combination Horizontal Alignment/Advisory Exit and Ramp Speed Signs (W13-6 and |
| W13-7)......................................................................................................................................115 | |
| Section 2C.16 | Hill Signs (W7-1, W7-1a).........................................................................................................115 |
| Section 2C.17 | Truck Escape Ramp Signs (W7-4 Series)................................................................................115 |
| Section 2C.18 | HILL BLOCKS VIEW Sign (W7-6).......................................................................................117 |
| Section 2C.19 | ROAD NARROWS Sign (W5-1)..............................................................................................117 |
| Section 2C.20 | NARROW BRIDGE Sign (W5-2)............................................................................................118 |
| Section 2C.21 | ONE LANE BRIDGE Sign (W5-3).........................................................................................118 |
| Section 2C.22 | Divided Highway Sign (W6-1).................................................................................................119 |
| Section 2C.23 | Divided Highway Ends Sign (W6-2)........................................................................................119 |
| Section 2C.24 | Freeway or Expressway Ends Signs (W19 Series)...................................................................119 |
| Section 2C.25 | Double Arrow Sign (W12-1)....................................................................................................119 |
| Section 2C.26 | DEAD END/NO OUTLET Signs (W14-1, W14-1a, W14-2, W14-2a).....................................119 |
| Section 2C.27 | Low Clearance Signs (W12-2 and W12-2a)............................................................................ 120 |
| Section 2C.28 | BUMP and DIP Signs (W8-1, W8-2)...................................................................................... 120 |
| Section 2C.29 | SPEED HUMP Sign (W17-1).................................................................................................. 120 |
| Section 2C.30 | PAVEMENT ENDS Sign (W8-3)........................................................................................... 122 |
| Section 2C.31 | Shoulder Signs (W8-4, W8-9, W8-17, W8-23, and W8-25)..................................................... 122 |
| Section 2C.32 | Surface Condition Signs (W8-5, W8-7, W8-8, W8-11, W8-13, and W8-14)............................ 122 |
Page TC-4 2009 Edition
| Section 2C.33 | Warning Signs and Plaques for Motorcyclists (W8-15, W8-15P, and W8-16)......................... 123 |
| Section 2C.34 | NO CENTER LINE Sign (W8-12)......................................................................................... 123 |
| Section 2C.35 | Weather Condition Signs (W8-18, W8-19, W8-21, and W8-22).............................................. 123 |
| Section 2C.36 | Advance Traffic Control Signs (W3-1, W3-2, W3-3, W3-4)................................................... 123 |
| Section 2C.37 | Advance Ramp Control Signal Signs (W3-7 and W3-8)......................................................... 124 |
| Section 2C.38 | Reduced Speed Limit Ahead Signs (W3-5, W3-5a)................................................................ 124 |
| Section 2C.39 | DRAW BRIDGE Sign (W3-6)................................................................................................ 125 |
| Section 2C.40 | Merge Signs (W4-1, W4-5)...................................................................................................... 125 |
| Section 2C.41 | Added Lane Signs (W4-3, W4-6)............................................................................................ 126 |
| Section 2C.42 | Lane Ends Signs (W4-2, W9-1, W9-2).................................................................................... 126 |
| Section 2C.43 | RIGHT (LEFT) LANE EXIT ONLY AHEAD Sign (W9-7)................................................. 126 |
| Section 2C.44 | Two-Way Traffic Sign (W6-3)................................................................................................. 127 |
| Section 2C.45 | NO PASSING ZONE Sign (W14-3)........................................................................................ 127 |
| Section 2C.46 | Intersection Warning Signs (W2-1 through W2-8)................................................................. 127 |
| Section 2C.47 | Two-Direction Large Arrow Sign (W1-7)............................................................................... 128 |
| Section 2C.48 | Traffic Signal Signs (W25-1, W25-2)...................................................................................... 128 |
| Section 2C.49 | Vehicular Traffic Warning Signs (W8-6, W11-1, W11-5, W11-5a, W11-8, W11-10, W11-11, |
| W11-12P, W11-14, W11-15, and W11-15a)............................................................................... 128 | |
| Section 2C.50 | Non-Vehicular Warning Signs (W11-2, W11-3, W11-4, W11-6, W11-7, W11-9, and W11-16 |
| through W11-22)...................................................................................................................... 130 | |
| Section 2C.51 | Playground Sign (W15-1).........................................................................................................131 |
| Section 2C.52 | NEW TRAFFIC PATTERN AHEAD Sign (W23-2)..............................................................131 |
| Section 2C.53 | Use of Supplemental Warning Plaques....................................................................................131 |
| Section 2C.54 | Design of Supplemental Warning Plaques.............................................................................. 132 |
| Section 2C.55 | Distance Plaques (W16-2 Series, W16-3 Series, W16-4P, W7-3aP)........................................ 132 |
| Section 2C.56 | Supplemental Arrow Plaques (W16-5P, W16-6P)................................................................... 132 |
| Section 2C.57 | Hill-Related Plaques (W7-2 Series, W7-3 Series)................................................................... 133 |
| Section 2C.58 | Advance Street Name Plaque (W16-8P, W16-8aP)................................................................. 133 |
| Section 2C.59 | CROSS TRAFFIC DOES NOT STOP Plaque (W4-4P)........................................................ 133 |
| Section 2C.60 | SHARE THE ROAD Plaque (W16-1P).................................................................................. 133 |
| Section 2C.61 | Photo Enforced Plaque (W16-10P).......................................................................................... 134 |
| Section 2C.62 | NEW Plaque (W16-15P)......................................................................................................... 134 |
| Section 2C.63 | Object Marker Design and Placement Height......................................................................... 134 |
| Section 2C.64 | Object Markers for Obstructions Within the Roadway........................................................... 135 |
| Section 2C.65 | Object Markers for Obstructions Adjacent to the Roadway.................................................... 135 |
| Section 2C.66 | Object Markers for Ends of Roadways.................................................................................... 136 |
| CHAPTER 2D. | GUIDE SIGNS—CONVENTIONAL ROADS |
| Section 2D.01 | Scope of Conventional Road Guide Sign Standards............................................................... 137 |
| Section 2D.02 | Application.............................................................................................................................. 137 |
| Section 2D.03 | Color, Retroreflection, and Illumination................................................................................. 137 |
| Section 2D.04 | Size of Signs............................................................................................................................ 137 |
| Section 2D.05 | Lettering Style......................................................................................................................... 138 |
| Section 2D.06 | Size of Lettering...................................................................................................................... 138 |
| Section 2D.07 | Amount of Legend.................................................................................................................. 140 |
| Section 2D.08 | Arrows..................................................................................................................................... 140 |
| Section 2D.09 | Numbered Highway Systems.................................................................................................. 142 |
| Section 2D.10 | Route Signs and Auxiliary Signs............................................................................................ 142 |
| Section 2D.11 | Design of Route Signs..............................................................................................................143 |
| Section 2D.12 | Design of Route Sign Auxiliaries............................................................................................ 144 |
| Section 2D.13 | Junction Auxiliary Sign (M2-1).............................................................................................. 144 |
| Section 2D.14 | Combination Junction Sign (M2-2)......................................................................................... 145 |
| Section 2D.15 | Cardinal Direction Auxiliary Signs (M3-1 through M3-4).................................................... 145 |
| Section 2D.16 | Auxiliary Signs for Alternative Routes (M4 Series)............................................................... 145 |
2009 Edition Page TC-5
| Section 2D.17 | ALTERNATE Auxiliary Signs (M4-1, M4-1a)....................................................................... 145 |
| Section 2D.18 | BY-PASS Auxiliary Sign (M4-2)............................................................................................ 146 |
| Section 2D.19 | BUSINESS Auxiliary Sign (M4-3)......................................................................................... 146 |
| Section 2D.20 | TRUCK Auxiliary Sign (M4-4).............................................................................................. 146 |
| Section 2D.21 | TO Auxiliary Sign (M4-5)...................................................................................................... 146 |
| Section 2D.22 | END Auxiliary Sign (M4-6)................................................................................................... 146 |
| Section 2D.23 | BEGIN Auxiliary Sign (M4-14).............................................................................................. 146 |
| Section 2D.24 | TEMPORARY Auxiliary Signs (M4-7, M4-7a).......................................................................147 |
| Section 2D.25 | Temporary Detour and Auxiliary Signs...................................................................................147 |
| Section 2D.26 | Advance Turn Arrow Auxiliary Signs (M5-1, M5-2, and M5-3).............................................147 |
| Section 2D.27 | Lane Designation Auxiliary Signs (M5-4, M5-5, and M5-6)................................................. 148 |
| Section 2D.28 | Directional Arrow Auxiliary Signs (M6 Series)..................................................................... 148 |
| Section 2D.29 | Route Sign Assemblies............................................................................................................ 148 |
| Section 2D.30 | Junction Assembly.................................................................................................................. 153 |
| Section 2D.31 | Advance Route Turn Assembly............................................................................................... 153 |
| Section 2D.32 | Directional Assembly.............................................................................................................. 153 |
| Section 2D.33 | Combination Lane-Use/Destination Overhead Guide Sign (D15-1)........................................ 154 |
| Section 2D.34 | Confirming or Reassurance Assemblies................................................................................. 155 |
| Section 2D.35 | Trailblazer Assembly.............................................................................................................. 155 |
| Section 2D.36 | Destination and Distance Signs............................................................................................... 156 |
| Section 2D.37 | Destination Signs (D1 Series).................................................................................................. 156 |
| Section 2D.38 | Destination Signs at Circular Intersections............................................................................. 157 |
| Section 2D.39 | Destination Signs at Jughandles.............................................................................................. 158 |
| Section 2D.40 | Location of Destination Signs................................................................................................. 158 |
| Section 2D.41 | Distance Signs (D2 Series).......................................................................................................161 |
| Section 2D.42 | Location of Distance Signs......................................................................................................161 |
| Section 2D.43 | Street Name Signs (D3-1 or D3-1a)..........................................................................................161 |
| Section 2D.44 | Advance Street Name Signs (D3-2)........................................................................................ 163 |
| Section 2D.45 | Signing on Conventional Roads on Approaches to Interchanges............................................ 164 |
| Section 2D.46 | Freeway Entrance Signs (D13-3 and D13-3a).......................................................................... 170 |
| Section 2D.47 | Parking Area Guide Sign (D4-1)..............................................................................................171 |
| Section 2D.48 | PARK - RIDE Sign (D4-2)......................................................................................................171 |
| Section 2D.49 | Weigh Station Signing (D8 Series).......................................................................................... 172 |
| Section 2D.50 | Community Wayfinding Signs................................................................................................ 172 |
| Section 2D.51 | Truck, Passing, or Climbing Lane Signs (D17-1 and D17-2)................................................... 178 |
| Section 2D.52 | Slow Vehicle Turn-Out Sign (D17-7)....................................................................................... 178 |
| Section 2D.53 | Signing of Named Highways................................................................................................... 179 |
| Section 2D.54 | Crossover Signs (D13-1 and D13-2)........................................................................................ 179 |
| Section 2D.55 | National Scenic Byways Signs (D6-4, D6-4a)........................................................................ 179 |
| CHAPTER 2E. | GUIDE SIGNS—FREEWAYS AND EXPRESSWAYS |
| Section 2E.01 | Scope of Freeway and Expressway Guide Sign Standards.......................................................181 |
| Section 2E.02 | Freeway and Expressway Signing Principles...........................................................................181 |
| Section 2E.03 | Guide Sign Classification.........................................................................................................181 |
| Section 2E.04 | General.................................................................................................................................... 182 |
| Section 2E.05 | Color of Guide Signs............................................................................................................... 182 |
| Section 2E.06 | Retroreflection or Illumination................................................................................................ 182 |
| Section 2E.07 | Characteristics of Urban Signing............................................................................................ 182 |
| Section 2E.08 | Characteristics of Rural Signing............................................................................................. 183 |
| Section 2E.09 | Signing of Named Highways................................................................................................... 183 |
| Section 2E.10 | Amount of Legend on Guide Signs......................................................................................... 183 |
| Section 2E.11 | Number of Signs at an Overhead Installation and Sign Spreading......................................... 183 |
| Section 2E.12 | Pull-Through Signs (E6-2, E6-2a)........................................................................................... 184 |
| Section 2E.13 | Designation of Destinations.................................................................................................... 184 |
Page TC-6 2009 Edition
| Section 2E.14 | Size and Style of Letters and Signs......................................................................................... 185 |
| Section 2E.15 | lnterline and Edge Spacing..................................................................................................... 185 |
| Section 2E.16 | Sign Borders............................................................................................................................ 192 |
| Section 2E.17 | Abbreviations.......................................................................................................................... 192 |
| Section 2E.18 | Symbols................................................................................................................................... 192 |
| Section 2E.19 | Arrows for Interchange Guide Signs....................................................................................... 192 |
| Section 2E.20 | Signing for Option Lanes at Splits and Multi-Lane Exits....................................................... 193 |
| Section 2E.21 | Design of Overhead Arrow-per-Lane Guide Signs for Option Lanes..................................... 193 |
| Section 2E.22 | Design of Freeway and Expressway Diagrammatic Guide Signs for Option Lanes............... 198 |
| Section 2E.23 | Signing for Intermediate and Minor Interchange Multi-Lane Exits with an Option Lane..... 203 |
| Section 2E.24 | Signing for Interchange Lane Drops....................................................................................... 203 |
| Section 2E.25 | Overhead Sign Installations.................................................................................................... 206 |
| Section 2E.26 | Lateral Offset.......................................................................................................................... 210 |
| Section 2E.27 | Route Signs and Trailblazer Assemblies................................................................................. 210 |
| Section 2E.28 | Eisenhower Interstate System Signs (M1-10, M1-10a).............................................................211 |
| Section 2E.29 | Signs for Intersections at Grade...............................................................................................211 |
| Section 2E.30 | Interchange Guide Signs..........................................................................................................211 |
| Section 2E.31 | Interchange Exit Numbering................................................................................................... 212 |
| Section 2E.32 | Interchange Classification........................................................................................................216 |
| Section 2E.33 | Advance Guide Signs...............................................................................................................216 |
| Section 2E.34 | Next Exit Plaques.....................................................................................................................218 |
| Section 2E.35 | Other Supplemental Guide Signs.............................................................................................218 |
| Section 2E.36 | Exit Direction Signs................................................................................................................ 220 |
| Section 2E.37 | Exit Gore Signs (E5-1 Series)................................................................................................. 222 |
| Section 2E.38 | Post-Interchange Signs............................................................................................................ 222 |
| Section 2E.39 | Post-Interchange Distance Signs............................................................................................. 223 |
| Section 2E.40 | Interchange Sequence Signs.................................................................................................... 223 |
| Section 2E.41 | Community Interchanges Identification Signs........................................................................ 225 |
| Section 2E.42 | NEXT XX EXITS Sign.......................................................................................................... 225 |
| Section 2E.43 | Signing by Type of Interchange.............................................................................................. 226 |
| Section 2E.44 | Freeway-to-Freeway Interchange............................................................................................ 226 |
| Section 2E.45 | Cloverleaf Interchange............................................................................................................ 226 |
| Section 2E.46 | Cloverleaf Interchange with Collector-Distributor Roadways................................................. 230 |
| Section 2E.47 | Partial Cloverleaf Interchange................................................................................................. 230 |
| Section 2E.48 | Diamond Interchange.............................................................................................................. 230 |
| Section 2E.49 | Diamond Interchange in Urban Area...................................................................................... 234 |
| Section 2E.50 | Closely-Spaced Interchanges................................................................................................... 234 |
| Section 2E.51 | Minor Interchange................................................................................................................... 234 |
| Section 2E.52 | Signing on Conventional Road Approaches and Connecting Roadways................................ 235 |
| Section 2E.53 | Wrong-Way Traffic Control at Interchange Ramps................................................................. 235 |
| Section 2E.54 | Weigh Station Signing............................................................................................................. 236 |
| CHAPTER 2F. | TOLL ROAD SIGNS |
| Section 2F.01 | Scope....................................................................................................................................... 237 |
| Section 2F.02 | Sizes of Toll Road Signs.......................................................................................................... 237 |
| Section 2F.03 | Use of Purple Backgrounds and Underlay Panels with ETC Account Pictographs................ 238 |
| Section 2F.04 | Size of ETC Pictographs......................................................................................................... 238 |
| Section 2F.05 | Regulatory Signs for Toll Plazas............................................................................................. 238 |
| Section 2F.06 | Pay Toll Advance Warning Sign (W9-6)................................................................................240 |
| Section 2F.07 | Pay Toll Advance Warning Plaque (W9-6P)........................................................................... 241 |
| Section 2F.08 | Stop Ahead Pay Toll Warning Sign (W9-6a).......................................................................... 242 |
| Section 2F.09 | Stop Ahead Pay Toll Warning Plaque (W9-6aP).................................................................... 242 |
| Section 2F.10 | LAST EXIT BEFORE TOLL Warning Plaque (W16-16P).................................................... 242 |
| Section 2F.11 | TOLL Auxiliary Sign (M4-15)............................................................................................... 242 |
2009 Edition Page TC-7
| Section 2F.12 | Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) Account-Only Auxiliary Signs (M4-16 and M4-20).......... 243 |
| Section 2F.13 | Toll Facility and Toll Plaza Guide Signs – General................................................................ 243 |
| Section 2F.14 | Advance Signs for Conventional Toll Plazas........................................................................... 248 |
| Section 2F.15 | Advance Signs for Toll Plazas on Diverging Alignments from Open-Road ETC |
| Account-Only Lanes............................................................................................................... 249 | |
| Section 2F.16 | Toll Plaza Canopy Signs.......................................................................................................... 252 |
| Section 2F.17 | Guide Signs for Entrances to ETC Account-Only Facilities................................................... 252 |
| Section 2F.18 | ETC Program Information Signs............................................................................................ 252 |
| CHAPTER 2G. | PREFERENTIAL AND MANAGED LANE SIGNS |
| Section 2G.01 | Scope....................................................................................................................................... 253 |
| Section 2G.02 | Sizes of Preferential and Managed Lane Signs....................................................................... 253 |
| Section 2G.03 | Regulatory Signs for Preferential Lanes – General................................................................. 253 |
| Section 2G.04 | Preferential Lane Vehicle Occupancy Definition Regulatory Signs (R3-10 Series and |
| R3-13 Series)........................................................................................................................... 258 | |
| Section 2G.05 | Preferential Lane Periods of Operation Regulatory Signs (R3-11 Series and R3-14 Series).... 259 |
| Section 2G.06 | Preferential Lane Advance Regulatory Signs (R3-12, R3-12e, R3-12f, R3-15, R3-15a, |
| and R3-15d)............................................................................................................................. 263 | |
| Section 2G.07 | Preferential Lane Ends Regulatory Signs (R3-12a, R3-12b, R3-12c, R3-12d, R3-12g, |
| R3-12h, R3-15b, R3-15c, and R3-15e)..................................................................................... 263 | |
| Section 2G.08 | Warning Signs on Median Barriers for Preferential Lanes..................................................... 263 |
| Section 2G.09 | High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Plaque (W16-11P).............................................................. 264 |
| Section 2G.10 | Preferential Lane Guide Signs – General................................................................................ 265 |
| Section 2G.11 | Guide Signs for Initial Entry Points to Preferential Lanes...................................................... 267 |
| Section 2G.12 | Guide Signs for Intermediate Entry Points to Preferential Lanes........................................... 268 |
| Section 2G.13 | Guide Signs for Egress from Preferential Lanes to General-Purpose Lanes.......................... 270 |
| Section 2G.14 | Guide Signs for Direct Entrances to Preferential Lanes from Another Highway................... 273 |
| Section 2G.15 | Guide Signs for Direct Exits from Preferential Lanes to Another Highway........................... 273 |
| Section 2G.16 | Signs for Priced Managed Lanes – General............................................................................ 276 |
| Section 2G.17 | Regulatory Signs for Priced Managed Lanes.......................................................................... 279 |
| Section 2G.18 | Guide Signs for Priced Managed Lanes.................................................................................. 279 |
| CHAPTER 2H. | GENERAL INFORMATION SIGNS |
| Section 2H.01 | Sizes of General Information Signs........................................................................................ 292 |
| Section 2H.02 | General Information Signs (I Series)...................................................................................... 292 |
| Section 2H.03 | Traffic Signal Speed Sign (I1-1).............................................................................................. 294 |
| Section 2H.04 | Miscellaneous Information Signs............................................................................................ 294 |
| Section 2H.05 | Reference Location Signs (D10-1 through D10-3) and Intermediate Reference Location |
| Signs (D10-1a through D10-3a)............................................................................................... 294 | |
| Section 2H.06 | Enhanced Reference Location Signs (D10-4, D10-5).............................................................. 296 |
| Section 2H.07 | Auto Tour Route Signs............................................................................................................ 297 |
| Section 2H.08 | Acknowledgment Signs........................................................................................................... 297 |
| CHAPTER 2I. | GENERAL SERVICE SIGNS |
| Section 2I.01 | Sizes of General Service Signs............................................................................................... 299 |
| Section 2I.02 | General Service Signs for Conventional Roads.......................................................................300 |
| Section 2I.03 | General Service Signs for Freeways and Expressways........................................................... 303 |
| Section 2I.04 | Interstate Oasis Signing.......................................................................................................... 306 |
| Section 2I.05 | Rest Area and Other Roadside Area Signs.............................................................................. 307 |
| Section 2I.06 | Brake Check Area Signs (D5-13 and D5-14).......................................................................... 308 |
| Section 2I.07 | Chain-Up Area Signs (D5-15 and D5-16)............................................................................... 308 |
| Section 2I.08 | Tourist Information and Welcome Center Signs..................................................................... 308 |
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