Attachment_-A_WHMI_Wayside_TEXT_and_Graphic_Needs_FINAL_edits_LL8_8_2022.pdf

Attachment A

August 2021

Whitman Mission National Historic Site Wayside Text and Graphics

NOTE: For all Cayuse Text, Contractor will work with NPS to make sure Cayuse font is correctly displayed. For all panels, see Attachment G, Graphic Panels Specifications for Fabrication sizing information. All original artwork and graphics will be rendered in black and white or full color clearly and precisely in a technique that will reproduce well at final production size. The style will maintain a consistent rendering technique throughout the series of panels despite the variety of reference materials employed or subjects covered.

#1 (& #2) PANEL NAME: ORIENTATION PANEL

• Panel Size:

36 x 48 inches. There will be an exact copy made of this panel as it is to be placed at a second entrance location in the park. The NPS will assemble both of these panels into upright bases at a later date.

• Title Case Information on Orientation Panels:

Táˀc Ɂée Páayn

Shíıx Wıyánawı

Áwmataš K̉ʷałanáwštaymaša Λ̉áax ̣

• Text Body Case Information on Orientation Panels:

We are the people of the Land. Our ancestors have lived here for tens of thousands of years. Today, we are called the Cayuse, Walla Walla, and Umatilla.

Welcome to our homeland.

The Land feeds us, clothes us, and shelters us. The Land and ourselves are the same. The Land contains the bodies of our ancestors. We have welcomed visitors here for tens of thousands of years.

When newcomers arrived in our home, we helped them survive and taught them about this place. These experiences made us curious about their sources of power.

We wanted to understand their ways. We acted on this and invited missionaries to join us here. When the Whitmans arrived, Hıyúumtıpe allowed them to use this site next to his village.

Today, we join the National Park Service in welcoming you here to learn something of our ways.

The Land says it was from her that man was made. The Creator, on placing them on the Land, desired them to take good care of the Land. Táwatoy

• Sidebars Information on Orientation Panels:

August 2021 o The events associated with the Christian mission established by Marcus and Narcissa Whitman led to many deaths, both Native and non-native. This site provides an opportunity to reflect and begin healing from the associated historical trauma.

o After tens of thousands of years of cultural stability, our world changed abruptly.

The events of this place led directly to the creation of Oregon Territory, war with the United States, the hanging of five Cayuse men, and the inclusion of our homeland in the United States.

o The National Park Service has been entrusted to protect this sacred place. Please limit recreation to activities that are respectful of the lives involved in this history.

Consult with park rangers for more guidance.

• Graphics and Captions Information on Orientation Panels (GFP= government furnished property in digital format that NPS has obtained all rights for use); CF= Contractor furnished and needs to obtain all rights for use):

o GFP: Sohon sketch of Táwatoy; CAPTION: “Tawatoy, 1855 Treaty Council” o CF: Original artwork needed. Contractor will have original artwork created from

GFP map: “Where We Lived and Traveled”, page 39 They Are Not Forgotten Sahaptian Place Names Atlas. CAPTION: Where our ancestors travelled.

o GFP: CTUIR Logo; NO CAPTION o GFP: 1847 Paul Kane sketch of mission; CAPTION: Mission to Weyíıletpuu

#3. PANEL NAME: CAYUSE 5 MEMORIAL PANEL

• Panel Size:

24 x 36 inches. The NPS will assemble this panel into a low-angled base at a later date.

• Title Case Information on Memorial Panel: In Memory of the Missing

• Text Body Case Information on Memorial Panel:

Five of our elders are buried far from here in an unknown and unmarked grave.

Tílewkeyˀkt, Ɂıcıyéeye Šıléq̉ıš, K ̉oỷam̉á Šamqíın, Tamáxạš, and Klokamas were hanged for the murder of Marcus Whitman. We do not know if any of these five men were guilty of murder. The Cayuse who killed the thirteen foreigners wanted to eradicate the disease killing us.

These five are missing. The story will always be unfinished for me and my family until they find them. Píıtamyanon Maqsmáqs (Philip Cash Cash)

• Graphics and Captions Information on Memorial Panel: (GFP= government

Contractor furnished and needs to obtain all rights for use):

o CF: Original artwork needed. Pen and ink drawing of five-feather segment of eagle staff. NO CAPTION o Note: tone/appearance on this should be that on a memorial

August 2021

#4. PANEL NAME: TAMAALWIT PANEL

• Panel Size:

24 x 36 inches. The NPS will assemble this panel into a low-angled base at a later date.

• Title Case Information on Tamaalwit Panel: Tamáalwıt

• Text Body Case Information on Tamaalwit Panel:

Tamáalwıt is the covenant between the Creator, ourselves, and our animal and plant relatives. Animal brothers and plant sisters pledged to feed, clothe, and house us and we, in turn, pledged to honor and nurture them. Women take care of the sisters and men take care of the brothers. Our bodies return to nourish the Land when we die. Tamáalwıt tells us to ensure every community member is fed and our foods thrive.

Tamáalwıt teaches us to prioritize community over the individual. To us, the agriculture that Whitman brought prioritized self-interest over caring for others.

He wanted us to focus on our own family gardens and put aside our communal responsibility to our entire homeland. That kind of agriculture stripped away our plant sisters, fenced out our animal brothers, and captured rivers.

There are things that are Tamáalwıt but we just teach it as responsible living. We teach children these things no matter who they are: don’t take more than you need; leave something for others. Sᵼsáawıpam (Roberta Conner)

• Graphics and Captions Information on Tamaalwit Panel: (GFP= government furnished property in digital format that NPS has obtained all rights for use); CF= Contractor furnished and needs to obtain all rights for use):

o GFP: Digging sticks photos. NO CAPTION o GFP: Basket Weir photos. NO CAPTION

#5. PANEL NAME: EDUCATION/TEACHING PANEL

• Panel Size:

24 x 36 inches. The NPS will assemble this panel into a low-angled base at a later date.

• Title Case Information on Education/Teaching Panel: Power in Knowledge

• Text Body Case Information on Education/Teaching Panel:

Despite temporary setbacks due to foreign disease, our people have thrived since ancient time because we draw upon the Land’s wealth sustainably. Trade with other nations has always been an important part of our culture. So, when the first English and American people arrived, we needed to be able to speak their language and understand their ways. We recruited teachers to gain this knowledge, so we’d have an edge in trade.

August 2021

What we sought is not what we got.

Marcus Whitman asked our men to dig ditches, build fences, and plow fields.

Narcissa Whitman wanted our women to learn how to clean and keep house.

Achieving limited success with that, they decided to convert our classroom into guest quarters for white immigrants.

The reason these white people came was to share the black book and in that they were a major failure. Instead, the people came because they were promised land by the government. And so that black book never saved us as promised but had the opposite effect. K ̉oỷam̉á Šamqíın (Les Minthorn)

• Graphics and Captions Information on Education/Teaching Panel: (GFP= government furnished property in digital format that NPS has obtained all rights for use);

CF= Contractor furnished and needs to obtain all rights for use):

o GFP: Paul Kane sketch of fish drying racks at Ft. Walla Walla: Fort Walla Walla – Results – Search Objects – eMuseum (starkculturalvenues.org) CAPTION: Fort Walla Walla, 1847 o GFP: Narcissa sketch of house showing “Indian Hall” label. CAPTION: Narcissa Whitman restricted Cayuse to the Indian Hall.

o GFP: Photos of trade items: dentalium, Cayuse horses, trade gun, brass kettles

NO CAPTION

#6. PANEL NAME: ALICE PANEL

• Panel Size:

24 x 36 inches. The NPS will assemble this panel into a low-angled base at a later date.

• Title Case Information on Alice Panel: Hope Washed Away

• Text Body Case Information on Alice Panel:

Children are sacred. We cherish them for their innocence and tender love. The Whitman’s daughter, Alice, connected us to the Whitmans and reminded all of us of our shared humanity. Our leader, Tílewkeyˀkt, named her Tım̉áaỷ, “Cayuse girl,” because she was born here among us. She spoke our language with our old people. That yellow-haired girl brought joy to us as well as her family.

After Alice tragically drowned, all were saddened and Narcissa withdrew from us.

• Graphics and Captions Information on Alice Panel: (GFP= government furnished property in digital format that NPS has obtained all rights for use); CF= Contractor furnished and needs to obtain all rights for use):

http://collections.starkculturalvenues.org/objects/39603/fort-walla-walla?ctx=d7071b7d-d1d8-471b-989a-6c7992ca2a09&idx=177 http://collections.starkculturalvenues.org/objects/39603/fort-walla-walla?ctx=d7071b7d-d1d8-471b-989a-6c7992ca2a09&idx=177

August 2021 o GFP: Moorhouse “We-nix, Cayuse Indian woman, sister of Donald McKay” photo, University of Oregon https://oregondigital.org/sets/moorhouse/oregondigital:df665j814 o CF: Original artwork needed. Pen and ink drawing of Sager Cradleboard toy.

GFP: Park will provide photos for the artist to use for the drawing. CAPTION: A Native woman made this toy for a white mission child.

o CF: Original artwork needed. Illustration of the historic river channel, contractor will see evidence of historic river channel on the site visit; “You are here” labeled on the map.

#7. PANEL NAME: WATER PANEL

• Panel Size:

24 x 36 inches. The NPS will assemble this panel into a low-angled base at a later date.

• Title Case Information on Water Panel: Íshqansh

• Text Body Case Information on Water Panel:

According to teaching, water comes first. We begin feasts with water. In the sweathouse, steam floods over us, flushing out toxins and lifting prayer. Like all living things, we need water.

Water is sacred.

Whitman bent rivers to meet his vision. His pond and irrigation channels slowed water, stripping oxygen and increasing water temperature, killing fish. His ditches lost precious water to porous soil and evaporation. This was something new and concerning to many of us.

We pray for abundant fresh water for all grandchildren.

As a kid my job was to give visitors water when they came to visit. That was the first thing we did. Then we fed them, took care of their horses, gave them a place to sleep. We help one another. Paaqalapáykt (Andy Dumont)

• Graphics and Captions Information on Water Panel: (GFP= government furnished property in digital format that NPS has obtained all rights for use); CF= Contractor furnished and needs to obtain all rights for use):

o GFP: HFC line drawing of grist mill. CAPTION: Whitman channeled rivers for irrigation and powering his grist mill.

o CF: Images of rivers, rapids, etc. (background) o GFP: Photos of enamel-ware pot and water dipper NO CAPTION o GFP: Curtis image of dip-netter along Columbia, https://www.loc.gov/item/2002722469/ https://oregondigital.org/sets/moorhouse/oregondigital:df665j814 https://www.loc.gov/item/2002722469/

August 2021

#8. PANEL NAME: OREGON TRAIL/IMMIGRANTS/DISEASE/DEATH PANEL

• Panel Size:

24 x 36 inches. The NPS will assemble this panel into a low-angled base at a later date.

• Title Case Information on Oregon Trail Panel: Death or Survival?

• Text Body Case Information on Oregon Trail Panel:

We had prophecies of a time when new people would come, and we would suffer greatly. We might not survive.

Over time, Dr. Whitman focused more on caring for sick, destitute, and tired white immigrants than us. With those travelers came foreign disease for which we had no immunity or cure. Measles came and immediately killed half of the Páasxạpu, mostly children and elders. Marcus Whitman doctored both Native and non-Native patients. They survived. We died.

In our old way, the penalty for malpractice is death.

The first time I heard this history was in 4th grade, like many of you. I was taught that my father’s family were murderers. But our people treated the Whitmans the same as anyone else: in our culture the Whitmans were tried and sentenced according to our laws.

Wıyáapalašan̉may (Malissa Minthorn Winks)

• Graphics and Captions Information on Oregon Trail Panel: (GFP= government

Contractor furnished and needs to obtain all rights for use):

o CF: Original artwork needed. Two skeleton tipis in a group of four tipis; NO CAPTION. GFP: Park can supply photos of skeleton tipis for artist to use for the drawing.

o CF: Original artwork needed. Pen and ink of Whitman’s mortar (in museum for contractor to view on site visit) and medical bottles; CAPTION: Dr. Whitman’s medical tools o GFP: Image of the immigrant house (current wayside drawing) CAPTION: Sick immigrants stayed here.

o GFP: Park can supply photos of tule mats (for possible background image)

#9. PANEL NAME: HISTORIOGRAPHY PANEL

• Panel Size:

24 x 36 inches. The NPS will assemble this panel into a low-angled base at a later date.

• Title Case Information on Historiography Panel: Whose Story?

• Text Body Case Information on Historiography Panel:

August 2021

The events here have not been fully represented. Our voices, our oral histories, were excluded. Our story has not been told. We had not been invited into the telling of this history or felt welcome here. To move forward, we need all voices, even when it is difficult, complicated, or uncomfortable.

If you don’t repeat what you’ve heard, you will forget it. If you don’t repeat what you’ve heard, you will forget it. It’s important that you share what you hear.

Téwˀtuš (Armand Minthorn)

• Graphics and Captions Information on Historiography Panel: (GFP= government

Contractor furnished and needs to obtain all rights for use):

o GFP: Old park entrance, black and white photo. CAPTION: “The property … shall constitute the Whitman National Monument and shall be a public national memorial to Marcus Whitman and his wife, Narcissa Prentiss Whitman…” - Enabling Legislation, 1936 o GFP: Monument (historic photo) CAPTION: Monuments typically celebrate white people. You will find no monuments here to our Native ancestors.