Attachment 5.pdf

TM 5-609

NAVFAC MO-125

C2

CHANGE DEPARTMENTS OF THE ARMY

NO. 2 Washington, DC, 8 October 1982} AND THE NAVY

MILITARY CUSTODIAL SERVICES MANUAL

This change prescribes DA Form 0000 and DA Form 0001 for the Department of the Army use. Office, Assistant Secretary of Defense has cancelled DD Form 1112 and DD Form 1113. Table 1 is revised to eliminate work standards which are listed in TB 420-10.

1. TM 5-609, 25 September 1969, is changed as follows:

2. Changed material is indicated by a star.

3. Remove old pages and insert revised pages as indicated below:

Remove pages Insert pages v and vi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v and vi 3 through 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 through 6 55 and 56 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 and 56 Figure 2 (fold-in) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 2 (fold-in)

4. This transmittal sheet should be filed in front of the publication for reference purposes.

The proponent agency of this manual is the Office of the Chief of Engineers. Army users are invited to send comments and suggested improvements on DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms) direct to HQDA (DAEN-MPO-B), WASH DC 20314.

By Order of the Secretaries of the Army and the Navy:

E. C. MEYER

General, United States Army

Official: Chief of Staff

ROBERT M. JOYCE

Brigadier General, United States Army

The Adjutant General

W. M. ZOBEL

Rear Admiral, CEC, U.S. Navy Commander Naval Facilities Engineering Command

DISTRIBUTION:

Army:

To be distributed in accordance with DA Form 12-34B requirements for TM 5-600 Series: Facilities Engineering.

Navy: 550 copies (per shipping list)

The proponent agency of this regulation is the Office of the Chief of Engineers. Users are invited to send comments and suggested im-provements on DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms) direct HQDA (DAEN-FEB), Washington, DC 20314.

TM 5-609

NAVFAC MO-125

C 1

CHANGE DEPARTMENTS OF THE ARMY

AND THE NAVY

NO. 1 WASHINGTON, DC, 17 October 1977

MILITARY CUSTODIAL SERVICES MANUAL

This change contains instructional and custodial maintenance requirements of carpets used in service facilities, other than medical and industrial facilities.

1. TM 5-609, 25 September 1969 is changed as follows:

2. Changed material is indicated by a star.

3. Remove old pages and insert revised pages as indicated below:

Remove pages Insert pages i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i v and vi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v and vi 1 and 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 and 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.1 through 90.12

3. This transmittal sheet should be filed in front of the publication for reference purposes.

By Order of the Secretary of the Army and the Navy:

BERNARD W. ROGERS

General, United States Army

Official: Chief of Staff

J. C. PENNINGTON

Brigadier General, United States Army

The Adjutant General

D.G. ISELIN

Rear Admiral, CEC, U.S. Navy Commander, Naval Facilities

Engineering Command

Distribution:

Army:

To be distributed in accordance with DA Form 12-34B Requirements for TM 5-600 Series:

Facilities Engineering Maintenance and Operation of Facilities.

Navy Distribution (2 copies to each except where otherwise specified) SNDL 27G (01NC, only); Al (ASN (I&L), only); A3; A4A; A5; A6 (15 copies); C4F6; C4F9; C4F36; E3A;

FA5; FA6; FA7; FA10 FA13; FA18; FA23; FA24; FA25; FB6; FB7; FB10; FB13; FB15; FB2l; FB28;

FB3O; FB33; FB36; FC5; FC7; FE1; FE4; FF1; FF2; FF19; FG1; FG2; FG11; FH3; FH6; FH25;

FKA1; FKA2; FKA6A1; FKA6A2; FKA6A3A; FKA6A3B; FKA6A8; FKA6A9; FKM9; FKMl3;

FKM22; FKN1 (30 copies each); FKN2; FKN3; FKN5; FKP1; FKP7; FKP1A; FKP1B; FKP 1E; FKP 1J; FKRIA; FKR3A; FR1; FR3; FS1; FT1; FT2; FT5; FT6; FT20; FT31; FT37; FT55; FT63; FT69;

FT73; FT78; FW1; V5; V8; V9; V12 (10 copies); V16

Additional copies may be obtained from:

Commanding Officer Naval Publications and Forms Center 5801 Tabor Avenue Philadelphia, PA 19120 i

C 1, TM 5-609/NAVFAC MO-125

TM 5-609

NAVFAC MO-125

AFM 91-2

TECHNICAL MANUAL DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

NO. 5-609

NAVY NAVFAC DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

MO-125

AIR FORCE MANUAL DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE

NO. 91-2

FOREWORD

1. Purpose and Scope. This manual provides commanders at Department of Defense installations with methods of accomplishing custodial services, establishes cleaning standards, and states passenger elevator operation procedures. It applies to all Department of Defense installations which have building maintaining responsibility. It implements DOD Instruction 4165.11, 24 January 1967.

2. Content. This manual contains instructions for determining custodial workload, technical informa-tion on cleaning agents and equipment, and practical methods for custodial services in Department of Defense installations. Special emphasis is placed on the care of floors as considerable damage has resulted to floors in the past due to careless and improper custodial practices. It is also intended to serve as a text for training custodial and elevator operator personnel. Chapter 6 contains step-by-step outlines for common phases of custodial work that may be found particularly helpful for on-the-job use.

3. Recommendations and Suggestions. Recommendations or suggestions for improving this manual are invited and should be submitted through the appropriate channels.

*a. Department of the Army — Office of the Chief of Engineers DAEN-FEB

b. Department of the Navy — Naval Facilities Engineering Command (1013) or from its geog-raphic Engineering Field Divisions

c. Department of the Air Force — Directorate of Civil Engineering AFOCEMC

Supersedes AFM 85-10 and TM 5-609, 1 October 1957, and NAVFAc MO-125, Interim Edition May 1967.

OPR: AFOCEMC

DISTRIBUTION: (page ii) iii

Navy:

Distribution: (5 copies to each except where otherwise specified) SNDL 27G (OINC DET ONE only); E3A (Washington only); FA6 (Albany, Brunswick, Cecil Field, Jackson-ville, Lakehurst, Quonset Point, Virginia Beach only); FA7 (Argentia, Bermuda, Boston, Brooklyn, Kefiavik, Key West, Mayport, Rodman, Roosevelt Roads, San Juan only); FA10; FA12; FA18; FA23 (Antigua, Barbados, Buxton, Eleuthera, Lewes, Nantucket, San Salvador, Turks Island only); FA25; FB6;

FB7 (Alameda; Atsugi, Barbers Point, Lemoore, Miramar, Moffett Field, Oak Harbor, San Diego only);

FB8; FB10 (Adak, Kodiak, Midway Island, Long Beach, Pearl Harbor, San Francisco, Sangley Point only);

FB2l; FB26; FB34 (Sasebo only); FB35; FB36 (Big Sur, Coos Bay, Ferndale, Guam, Midway, Pacific Beach only); FC3 (London only); FC4 (Naples, Sigonella only); FC7; FC9; FE2; FE4 (Brenierhaven, Edzell, Galeta Island, Homestead, Kami Seya, Winter Harbor only); FF3; FF4; FF6; FF7 (Clarksville, Las Vegas only); FF19; FG2 (Ethiopia, Exmouth, Fort Amador, Washington (D C), Kefiavik, Londonderry, Nea Makri, Norfolk, Sidi Yahia, Stockton, Wahiawa only); FG5 (East Machias, Oso, Sabana Seca only);

FH3 (Beaufort, Chelsea, Oakland, Philadelphia, Ports-mouth (VA), St. Albans only); FH6 (Bethesda only);

FH8 (Unit No. 3 only); FJ14 (Bambridge, Orlando only); FJ19; FJ23; FJ35; FJ36; FJ52; FKA6A1;

FKA6A2; FKA6A3A; FKA6A3B; FKA6A4; FKA6A5; FKA6A6; FKA6A8; FKA6A9; FKA6A11; FKLl (Boston, Bremerton, Charleston, Long Beach, Philadelphia, Portsmouth (NH), Portsmouth (VA), San Francisco, Vallejo only); FKL5A; FKL6 (Orange only); FKM8; FKM9 (Bremerton, Oakland only);

FKM10; FKM22; FKN1 ( copies each); FKN2; FKN3; FKN4; FKN5 (less San Diego); FKN5 (San Diego only -- 8 copies); FKN6; FKN7; FKN8; FKN9; FKN10 FKP1A; FKP1B; FKP1J; FKP4C; FKRlA;

FKR3A; FKR3H; FKR4B; FKR5; FT6 (Brooklyn, Dallas, Glenview, Glynco, Grosse Ile, Kingsville Los Alamitos, Marietta, Millington, Meridian, Milton, Minneapolis, New Orleans, Olathe, Seattle, Willow Grove only); V4; V5 (Beaufort, Cherry Point, Iwakuni, Jacksonville, Kaneohe Bay, Santa Ana, Yuma only); V8 (Parris Island only); V9 (Albany, Barstow only); V12; V16 (Camp Lejeuene, Camp Pendleton, Twentynine Palms only); V17 (Kawasaki only).

Copy to:

SNDL 27G (COMNAVSUPPFORANTARCTICA only — l copy); 32 NN (1 copy each); A2A (ONR only—

1 copy); A3 (1 copy); A4A (1 copy); A5 (2 copies each); A6 (10 copies); C4F8 (NAVUSEAWARGEN only — l copy); C5A (Korea only — 1 copy); C7 (Brazil, Chile only — copy each); FJ27 ( copies);

FJ28 (Davisville only — copies); FJ28 (Port Hueneme only — 10 copies); FKAlA (2 copies); FKA1B (2 copies); FKA1D (2 copies); FKA1E (2 copies); FKA1F (2 copies); FKR3J (1 copy).

Additional copies may be obtained from:

U.S. Naval Publications and Forms Center 5801 Tabor Avenue Philadelphia PA 19120

Air Force: F v

C2, TM 5-6O9/NAVFAC MO-125

Contents Page

Chapter 1. Introduction Section 1. General Information Section 2. Army Responsibility Section 3. Navy Responsibility

Chapter 2. Planning and Scheduling Section 1. Determining Workload Section 2. Supplies and Equipment

Chapter 3. Custodial Service Methods Section 1. Floor Cleaning Section 2. Use and Care of Equipment Section 3. Cleaning Windows Section 4. Toilet Rooms Section 5. Miscellaneous Cleaning Section 6. Clean Rooms Section 7. Maintaining Cleaning Standards

Chapter 4. Elevator Operation Section 1. General Instructions Section 2. Operation

Chapter 5. Safety

Chapter 6. Training Guide Section 1. General Section 2. Outlines

Chapter 7. Carpet Care Section 1. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.1 Section 2. Maintenance Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.1 Section 3. Maintenance Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.2 Section 4. Custodial Maintenance Equipment, Tools and Chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.4 Section 5. Soil Prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.8 Section 6. Static Charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.9 Section 7. Carpet Care Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.9

Appendix A. Glossary B. References C. List of Navy Maintenance TechnicaPublications D. Index

Figures Frontispiece — Think-Plan Ahead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi

1. Planning Work by Floor Types

* 2. DA Form 5104 (Analysis of Custodial Personnel Requirements)

3. 20" Floor Polisher

4. Damp Mop with Abrasive Pad

5. Attaching Abrasive Pad to Heel of Damp Mop

6. Spray Cleaning

7. Industrial Type Vacuum Cleaner

8. Rug Shampooing Diagram

9a. Before — Use of Entrance Mat 9b. After — Use of Entrance Mat

10. Wall Washing Machine

11. Automatic Battery Powered Floor and Wall Dusting Machine

12. 30" Automatic Battery Powered Scrubbing Machine

13. 30" Automatic Battery Powered Dry Pickup Machine

14. Attachments for Battery Powered Floor Machine

15. Treated Yarn Dust Mop, 60 inch

16. Swivel Sweeping Tool and Reversible Cleaning Cloth

17. Adjustable Safety Platform Ladder

18. Telescopic Window Washer

19. Telescopic Window Washer with Detergent Tank vi

C2, TM 5-6O9/NAVFAC MO-125

Page

20. Janitorial Service Cart

21. Lamp Changing Unit

22. Light Diffuser Cleaning Machine

23. Venetian Blind Cleaning Attachment

* 24. DA Form 5105 (Janitorial Standards Check list)

25. Elevator Control Panels

26. Safety Mobile Adjustable Type Ladder

27. Good Safety Practice for Floor Waxing and Stripping Operations

28. Mop Sweeping an Office

29. Corridor Mop Sweeping Pattern

30. Gymnasium Mop Sweeping Pattern

31. Push Broom Sweeping Pattern

32. Gymnasium Floor Brush Sweeping 33, Theater Sweeping Pattern

34. Damp Mopping a Floor Section

35. Corridor Mopping Pattern

36. Buffing an Open Room Pattern

37. Window Washing Pattern

38. Toilet Bowl Cleaning

39. Toilet Bowl and Urinal Cleaning Mop

40. Wiping Washbowls and Hardware

41. Guidelines for Carpet Maintenance Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.2

42. Routine Vacuuming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.3

43. Dry Foam Shampooing Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.3

44. Water Extraction Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.4

45. Wet/Dry Tank Vacuum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.5

46. Upright Carpet Vacuum With Agitator Brush . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.5

47. Heavy-Duty Pile Lifter Vacuum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.6

48. Dry Foam Carpet Shampooer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.6

49. Water Extraction Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.7

50. Carpet Sweeper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.7

51. Stain Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.8

52. Entrance Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.9

Tables

* 1. Frequency Guide

2. Supplies and Equipment

3. Stain Removal Guide

4. Sweeping Tools

5. Mopping Solutions

6. Wax and Floor Finish Data

7. Waxed Floor Maintenance Guide vii

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Section 1 - DETERMINING WORKLOAD

1.1.1 Emphasis. Proper housekeeping and clean

surroundings are of interest to all personnel on the installation and influence both their health and morale. The cost of cleaning by in-house or contractual employees, as reflected in the budget, is considerable. However, the reported cost of cleaning applies to only a small percen-tage of the occupied areas. The greater cost is incurred by building occupants and users who clean their assigned areas; consequently, sub-stantial savings can be effected by carefully analyzing requirements and assuring that the best labor-saving devices are provided and that the most efficient methods and techniques are understood and practiced throughout the instal-lation. Frequencies of service, type of facilities, amount of traffic, type of use, and other specialized requirements will govern the area or number of square feet that can be accomplished by a custodial worker and will directly affect the cost involved. When a contract is used for janito-rial services, an economic study should be con-ducted to determine the most advantageous method to the Government. Custodial service type contracts will be in accordance with Armed Services Procurement Regulation and pertinent Public Laws.

1.1.2 Use. This manual provides information

generally applicable to military installations. It is designed for use by all personnel, civil service, contractual, and/or organizational, who partici-pate in cleaning Department of Defense build-ings. In practice, improvements in techniques and equipment frequently are developed. Appli-cation of such proven developments is encouraged.

Section 2 — ARMY RESPONSIBILITY

* 1.2.1 Directives. Responsibilities within the Army for various aspects of custodial services are defined in AR 420-81, AR 420-10, AR 420- 17, Armed Services Procurement Regulation (APR.), and other pertinent directives (see ap-pendix b, references).

* 1.2.2 Commanding Officers. The commanding officer at each level of command is responsible for the efficient administration of services and procedures prescribed therefor within the Department of the Army, including those designed to provide custodial services in the most practical and economical manner.

Execution of the custodial activities may be by contract services, civilian or military personnel, or combinations of these services within the criteria established in AR 420-81.

* 1.2.3 Engineer:

*(1) The facilities engineer will administer the accomplishment of custodial services as an essential part of the building operations and maintenance function.

*(2) The facilities engineer will implement an adequate training program for engineer per-sonnel assigned to custodial services, and coop-eration in the training of other personnel per-forming custodial services as outlined in the AR 420-81.

*1.2.4 Supply Procedures. Items of supply will be requisitioned in accordance with the procedures outlined in AR 420-17.

Section 3 - NAVY RESPONSIBILITY

1.3.1 Directives. Responsibilities for custodial

services within the Department of the Navy are defined or covered in DOD Instruction 4165.2 1964; NAVFAC Instructions 11014.35C, 11014.29B, 1104.22C; NAVDOCKS P-68, Con-tract Administration; NAVDOCKS, P-706.0, and OPNAV P11O1O.20 (see appendix b, references).

1.3.2 Commander/Commanding Officer. The

Commander/Commanding Officer of each Naval Facilities Engineering Field Division is respon-sible for providing guidance and assistance to field activities under his cognizance for adequate custodial services programs. Custo-dial services must be provided in the most effi-cient and economical matter; whether by con-tract, in-house, or a combination of civilian and military manpower.

1.3.3 Public Works Officer (PWO). Normally, the

responsibilities for the programs are delegated to the PWO of an activity or a Public Works Center (PWC). The PWO or PWC administers the accomplishment of custodial services as an es-sential part of the maintenance function.

1.3.3.1 Program Implementation and Training.

The PWO or PWC implements all NAVFAC Instructions, noted in 1.3.1, and establishes an adequate training program for custodial personnel. An annual short seminar is provided through the Naval Facilities Engineering Command for engineering and management personnel; i.e., planners and estimators, administrators, and specification writers. His office prepares contract specifications and awards a contract or prepares a plan for in-house forces to accomplish custodial services. His staff provides technical guidance and assistance in methods, practices, new materials, and equipment.

1.4.1 Major Command Level. Each major com-

mand will:

(1) Insure that effective custodial services are established and accomplished at all installa-tions under its jurisdiction.

(2) Provide for training of personnel en-gaged in custodial service.

(3) When on staff visits to bases, determine technical adequacy of custodial services, cost reports and proposed custodial service contracts.

1.4.2 Base Civil Engineer. The base civil

engineer will plan, initiate and supervise the execution of the engineer responsibilities of custodial service activities. He will:

(1) Insure that base civil engineer custodial, service personnel are adequately trained as prescribed in chapter 6 of this manual.

(2) Prepare specifications for custodial ser-vice type contracts, and assist in administering these contracts.

(3) Provide technical guidance in methods and use of materials and equipment and training of other than engineer personnel performing custodial services.

1.4.3 Medical Treatment Facilities: The Base

Medical Commander is responsible for all custodial services in the medical treatment facilities.

C 2, TM 5-609/NAVFAC MO-125

Chapter 2

PLANNING AND SCHEDULING

Section 1 — DETERMINING WORKLOAD 2.1.3 Reasons for Analysis.

* 2.1.1 General. A careful planning and analysis b. Determining proper distribution of of custodial services is essential in the distri- workers for existing workloads and bution of workers to provide efficient and ad- workload changes.

equate services. DA Form 5104 (Analysis of c. To assure accomplishment of most Custodial Personnel Requirements) (fig. 2) will essential services in all facilities for which be used by the Army for this purpose. DA custodial personnel are responsible when Form 5104 is available through normal AG personnel authorizations are limited.

publications supply channels. d. Check on effectiveness of training

2.1.2 Planned Operation. Typical planning is carrying his share of the workload must begin with a survey to obtain complete according to the standard manhour data on all components of a building and the requirements resulting from the analyis.

amount and type of traffic using each area.

Example, a diagram (fig. 1) showing the dif-ferent types of floor covering may be devised.

Since each type of flooring will require different care, the chart and its accompanying information may also be used for the procurement of materials.

a. Determining workload.

program to determine whether each worker

* 2.1.4 Use of DA Form 5104. This form should be filled out for reasons indicated in paragraph 2.1.1.

Figure 2 indicates a completed analysis. The steps necessary in completing the analysis form are as follows:

a. List building numbers and names (such as Headquarters). Use as many lines as nec-essary for each building.

b. Indicate space in the building to be serviced using a line for each floor. Use separate lines for corridors, rest rooms, and areas with different floor coverings. Areas with similar work requirements can be combined.

c. Indicate the kind of floor surface as ap-propriate for each area. Show area in square feet for each space listed.

d. Enter the number of fixtures, square feet will be used to determine manpower of walls, partitions, and floors cleaned requirements for individual jobs and for total opposite each building area listed in the adjustments in consideration of non-productive appropriate columns under toilet and fixture time. Use DA Form 5104 to complete total cleaning. manpower requirements. Since 87 percent of

e. Enter the number or area in square feet of the custodial budget is expended for labor, any each item cleaned in the appropriate columns reduction in custodial services can only be under glass and miscellaneous cleaning. established by reduction of frequency cycles or

* f. Using the frequency guides in table 1, and improvement in production rates. Proper unit times in TB 420-10, enter the scheduling should result in increased coverage frequencies and manhour requirements for and achieve noticeable savings in labor costs.

each cleaning operation to be performed. Remember that each floor covering, hard and Manhour requirements should be either all soft, is different and custodians must know on a monthly basis, or all on an annual basis floor limitations to apply the correct cleaning for each analysis. procedures. Under a properly established

g. Enter the total manhours for each type of custodial services program, each man will be cleaning operation at the bottom line of each able to see the results of his own work.

column, and the totals for each building in the right hand column. The grand totals 2.1.6 Flexible Two-Part System. Workload, across the bottom line, and of the right hand staffing, evaluation, and accomplishment, column should be equal. These totals based on actual requirements, presents an ideal indicate productive manhours using flexible method for a custodial program. This Engineering Performance Standards. method indicates what can be done

* h. Enter total productive manhours under Manhour and Personnel Requirements at top of form in item No. 1. Figure 2 is a sample analysis of DA Form 5104 and is an example only. Items 2 and 3 will be filled out according to TB 420-2 and TB 420-10.

2.1.5 Preparation and Scheduling. *The next

important step is to prepare floor or crew schedules. The schedule should show areas to be cleaned, waxed, and polished each day of the month. Such schedules must be flexible, of course, to meet changing needs and special requests. Applicable "Service Work Performance Standards” for custodial services

Located in Back of Manual locally when an on-site and thorough review the second group functions as an of the facts is made. Reasonable frequencies augmentation or cushion group of and levels of services are put into effect, area employees. This system is efficient and by area, and floor by floor, and then evalu- should be considered.

ated. The salient feature of the system devel-oped is a two-part plan of personnel utiliza- Section 2 — SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT tion for: (1) mandatory or daily routine services, and (2) variable or flexible services 2.2.1 General. Custodial supplies consist of that can be changed in frequency. For ex- materials used in performing custodial serv-ample, while waxing might be a monthly as- ices, except tools and equipment. Purpose of signment in a given area, a day or even a this section is to describe these supplies, their week slippage will not hurt. By using this function, and usage. Supplies and equipment system, one group of employees has most commonly used are listed in table 2.

continual assigned duties and the second Principal cleaning and stain removal agents group has variable duties. Thus when are described in the following paragraphs of unexpected absences occur a second group this section. Their use and the use and care employee can step into the first group and of equipment are discussed in chapter 2 and carry on the firm routine schedules. In fact, chapter 3 of this manual.

2.2.2 Cleaning Agents. Cleaning agents com- should not be used on marble, terrazzo, as-monly used in custodial services may be di- phalt tile, rubber tile, linoleum, wood floors, vided into two general classes; those emulsi- painted surfaces, or as metal polish, and fying dirt with water, and those removing it should be used with care on ceramic and by abrasive action. Some cleaning agents quarry tile.

combine these actions.

2.2.2.1 Emulsifying Agents: properly, there should be little need for use of scouring

(1) Soaps—Consist of fats or oils com-bined with an alkali of sodium, or potassium. 2.2.2.3 Precautions in Use of Cleaning Strong soaps, such as yellow GI, are made Agents. Cleaning agents attack surfaces as from an alkali of sodium and fat and have an well as dirt or grime. When cleaning agents excess of free alkali. Toilet and hand soaps are used, there is some damage to surfaces.

are usually made with palm, coconut, or cot- In order to clean and do as little damage as tonseed oils and alkali of sodium or potas- possible, these rules should be followed:

sium and have a low free alkali content. (1) Never use washing solution stronger

(2) Liquid Hand Soap—is similar to than necessary. Directions for preparing toilet soaps but is in solution with water. The washing solutions are given in this manual.

soap content varies from 15 to 42 percent. (2) Apply washing solution only long

(3) Soap Substitutes: enough to loosen dirt.

(a) Detergents—Detergents have (3) Rinse cleaned surfaces with clear largely replaced soaps for the various water.

cleaning processes in custodial services. The (4) Do not spill washing solution on sur-standard detergent for these processes is faces not to be cleaned. Particular care known as "All Purpose Synthetic Detergent should be taken not to splash cleaning agents Cleaning Compound" meeting the require- against calcimined or casein-painted walls, ments of Federal Specification No. P-D- because it is impossible to wipe without 00223. The detergent comes in powder or spotting wall. In other cases, spilled solution flakes, liquid and paste and contains no should be wiped up immediately with clean abrasives or fatty acid soaps and is not irri- cloth.

tating to the skin. It is excellent for cleaning (5) Use steel wool, scouring powders, painted surfaces, asphalt and rubber tile, and and abrasives only when absolutely neces-sheet floor coverings. sary. When used, care should be taken to

(b) Trisodium Phosphate—is an prevent damage to surface cleaned.

inexpensive, strong cleaning agent. It is espe-cially effective for removing grease and oil. It 2.2.2.4 Stain Removers:

should not be used for cleaning painted (1) Stain removers can clean in three surfaces, except for heavily soiled areas that ways; by dissolving substance causing stain, cannot be cleaned with detergents, and then by acting as bleaching agent, or by absorbing in only weak solutions. Trisodium phosphate substance causing stain. Most stains can be should not be used on wood, linoleum, removed by methods recommended in Table asphalt or rubber tile, or oxychloride floors. 3.

2.2.2.2. Scouring Powder. Scouring powder stains on washbowls, urinals, and toilet is a combination of soap powder and abra- bowls. Daily cleaning with all-purpose syn-sives, such as powdered quartz, feldspar, thetic detergent solution will remove these marble, lava, or pumice. In order to prevent stains. If fixtures are badly stained, use soap-serious scratching of surfaces, these abra- grit cake and damp cloth. If this fails, mix a sives should pass through a number 100 weak solution of sodium bisulfate (toilet sieve. Trisodium phosphate may be added to bowl cleaner) and apply with cloth attached improve the cleaning properties of the to a stick. Leave solution on stain long powder. Abrasives aud trisodium phosphate enough to remove it. Wash with all-purpose

IMPORTANT: If cleaning is done regularly and powder.

(2) In some instances, water causes synthetic detergent solution thoroughly. wax has a high melting point, is hard, and Repeated use of toilet bowl cleaner will takes high polish. Table 6 shows wax remove glaze from porcelain and porcelain recommended for use on various floor enameled fixtures, making them impossible surfaces.

to clean satisfactorily. Do not use muriatic, oxalic, or hypochlorous acid to remove stains 2.2.4.1. Mineral Spirit and Paste Wax.

on porcelain. They destroy surface glaze very These waxes, because of the fire hazard in-quickly. volved, are to be used only on approval by

2.2.2.5 Abrasive Cleaners. Abrasive

cleaners contain sharp grit particles which 2.2.4.2 Water Emulsion Wax:

vary in size and hardness. Soap-grit cake and (1) General. Water emulsion wax con-scouring powders also contain these abra- sists of carnauba wax, resin, and emulsifying sives. Particles should be fine enough to pass materials in 12 percent and 16 percent con-through a number 100 sieve. Soap-grit cake centrations. Drops of wax are held in suspen-should not be used to polish metal. If sion. Ammonia is sometimes added to make plumbing fixtures are properly cleaned daily, emulsion more water-proof after drying.

there should be little need for use of abra- After application, water evaporates, leaving sives. wax in tiny drops which have a sheen or

2.2.3 Polishing Agents: does not need buffing to look well. However,

2.2.3.1 Metal Polish. Metal polish is made and makes it more waterproof. Specification from fine abrasive and cleaner such as soap P-W-155 governs the specifications for water or soap powder. Abrasive removes tarnished emulsion wax.

surface of metal, soap helps carry it away.

See paragraphs 8.5.1.10 and 3.5.1.12 for di- (2) Precautions in Handling Water rections for polishing brass, copper, nickel, Emulsion Wax. Water emulsion wax is a del-and chromium fixtures. icate solution. Adding water, freezing, or

2.2.3.2 Furniture Polish. Furniture polish its properties. It is important, therefore, to should remove dirt, leave a gloss or sheen, prevent wax from freezing, and to use clean and protect surfaces. It is applied manually mops and containers. Water emulsion wax with a dampened cloth pad. Some polishes should be stored in other than galvanized consist only of light oil which provides gloss containers to prevent the development of an as long as surfaces are wet. Others contain acid which eventually causes spoilage.

waxes mixed with oil which brighten and Unused wax shall not be poured back into its protect surfaces after oil evaporates. Polish regular container, but be disposed of by an should not leave surfaces oily or sticky, approved means.

should not injure varnish or enamel, and dust should not stick to it. Good polish may be 2.2.4.3 Bar Wax. General. Bar wax is a made by dissolving ½ pound of carnauba mixture of pure carnauba wax and nonslip wax in one gallon of turpentine at room tem- resins. It is cast in bars and contains no sol-perature. vents.

2.2.4 Waxes and Finishes. Waxes may be 2.2.4.4 Resin Emulsion Floor Finishes.

made of animal, vegetable, mineral, or This type floor finish contains no wax and is synthetic origin. Best known vegetable wax usually composed, in whole or in part, of is carnauba. It is the hardest and most acrylic, polyethylene, and polyvinyl resins in durable of waxes. Usually, all good wax emulsion with water. The finishes have not products contain some carnauba. Waxes are been developed sufficiently to replace water waterproof, and may be dissolved in alcohol, emulsion wax for general use. However, the turpentine, or mineral spirits. Good floor finishes usually require no buffing and are the engineer of the installation.

gloss. For this reason, water emulsion wax buffing makes wax stick better, wear better using a dirty mop or container breaks down slip-resistant. For these reasons they are of deodorants is necessary, it is an indication particularly suitable for use where buffers are the area is not properly cleaned and ven-not available, in congested areas where the tilated. Deodorants are unpleasant to many use of buffers is difficult, and where slip people. Odor-masking devices will not be resistance is important, such as on ramps. used. They are not a substitute for thorough

2.2.5 Floor Oil.

2.2.5.1 General. One type of floor oil con- should be approved by Natick Laboratories, sists of linseed oil and turpentine, or mineral Naval Civil Engineering Laboratories or the spirits. When applied to floor it penetrates, Office of The Surgeon General. Approved and dries to a fairly hard, non-oily surface. items are listed in the Federal Supply Ca- Another type, paraffin-base floor oil, pene- talog. The Federal Supply Catalog should be trates wood, but does not harden. This leaves consulted first when procuring sanitizers and floor slippery until oil is washed off or worn every attempt should be made to use the away. While floor oils serve to control dust, items listed. At the present time there is no they also present disadvantages. Oils darken universal sanitizer which is effective under all wood floors, and soften fibers of many conditions. Local conditions such as water woods, thereby reducing wearing quality. hardness or acidity will change the effective- When oiled floors are mopped, detergent ness of most items. Area surgeons should be emulsifies the oil and quickly removes the oil consulted when the effectiveness of a sani-from the wood. tizer is in doubt and especially when local

2.2.5.2 Use of Floor Oil. Floor oil should items. The surgeon is available to assist in be used only when floors are in such the evaluation of the effectiveness of sani-condition that they cannot be sealed tizers under local conditions and to make re-satisfactorily and dust control is important. commendations regarding the equipment, Floor oils present a fire hazard, and must be chemicals, and procedures which are ap-used carefully. Oils must not be used where propriate.

a fire hazard is inherent in the work which is done in the area. 2.2.9 Storage of Custodial Supplies. Custodial

2.2.6 Disinfectants. Disinfectants are designed centrally located area under direct control of to kill germs and may consist of phenol (car- supervisor. Supplies are stored in ventilated, bolic acid), pine oil, cresol, creosote, iodo, or conveniently located closets or cabinets cresylic acid. They kill germs by coming in issued to workers. Cabinets should be avail-contact with them and must be applied di- able at all times for inspection to insure that rectly. If floors are kept clean, toilet rooms at supplies are stored safely and do not present satisfactory standard of cleanliness, and a fire hazard. Particular caution should be waste disposed of properly, germs have small exercised to insure that soiled rags, mops, chance of breeding. etc. are stored safely; either in the open air

CAUTION. DISINFECTANTS ARE POI- containers in well-ventilated locations. Only SONS. one day’s supply of flammable cleaning

2.2.7 Deodorants. Deodorants are used to working area.

eliminate disagreeable odors. When the use cleanliness of the fixtures.

2.2.8 Sanitizer. Chemicals used to sanitize

conditions require the use of locally procured supplies for replenishing items are kept in a outside of buildings or in fireproof, closed materials should be kept on hand in the

Chapter 3

CUSTODIAL SERVICE METHODS

Section 1— FLOOR CLEANING (2) Standard of dust control

3.1.1 Introduction. With the upgrading of

present day floor coverings, the old type wood floors have in the majority of instances been replaced with resilient smooth surface flooring materials such as asphalt tile, vinyl asbestos, vinyl, rubber tile, linoleum, linotile and cork. Care of these floors is generally the key to an overall economical custodial program. With the installation of these floor coverings, the development of synthetic and concentrated cleaning materials, and with labor costs taking the greater part of the custodial budget, the proper training and motivation of the custodial worker is the key to lower cost for custodial services. It is essential that the worker be trained in the modern methods and equipped with supplies and modern tools necessary to accomplish his job. There is no one miracle finish or even perfect type finish.

There are a number of variables that will affect the floor finish such as: low humidity will cause a finish to powder or to become slippery, yellowing tendencies of some finishes may be objectionable on light floors yet give excellent results on others.

3.1.2 Floor Cleaning. Floors are cleaned to

maintain sanitary conditions and to protect them from damage. Methods suggested in this manual result from practical experience and research.

3.1.2.1 Sweeping. Dirt can be removed

with a vacuum cleaner, by sweeping with a brush or broom, or by the use of a dry or treated sweeping mop of the proper design.

Degree of sweeping efficiency has both a direct and indirect bearing on the cost of cleaning, such as:

(1) Overall appearance of floors.

throughout the building.

(3) Custodial funds expended for sweeping operations.

(4) Custodial funds expended for floor finishing.

(5) Custodial funds expended for other custodial operations.

(6) Thorough removal of foreign particles from floor surfaces minimizes wear.

3.1.2.2 Sweeping Tools. Sweeping tools

used on various kinds of floor coverings are shown in Table 4. The best approach to efficient sweeping is to determine the type of sweeping equipment best suited to each floor area considering the degree of obstruction, type of floor surface, and whether the floor is sealed or not sealed. In offices and other areas containing equipment, a smaller size sweeping tool can cover the area with greater efficiency in maneuvering. Power sweeping large areas can cut floor sweeping time up to 90 per cent.

The average coverage per hour for a walk-ing-type sweeper is about 20,000 square feet with a sweeping swath of 39 inches. A small riding-type with a 40 inch swath will cover about 30,000 square feet per hour. A 36 inch to 48 inch broom or sweeping mop should be used for corridors or open areas to minimize the number of passes. A V-type sweeping mop which can be adjusted in width from 6 to 57 inches serves both purposes. Neither bristle brushes nor sweeping mop are used to pick up heavy dirt or mud. Corn brooms are used for this purpose. Dirt gathered by brush, broom or V-type sweeping mop is picked up in a dustpan and emptied into a dust container. Dirt and dust from straight sweeping mops is shaken directly into the dust container. Detailed instructions for han- furniture should not be disfigured by dling and use of sweeping tools are given in sweeping mop or broom. The room should another chapter. appear orderly and well attended.

3.1.2.3 Frequency of Sweeping. The 3.1.3.1 Mopping. Mopping removes dirt sweeping frequency may vary for different which sticks to the floor surface and cannot floor areas depending upon the nature of be removed by sweeping or by dry cleaning.

work of the building occupants, amount of Water and detergent loosen and suspend the floor traffic, dust and dirt exposure, standard dirt so that it may be removed. The mop is of cleanliness, local weather conditions, used to spread the washing solution and rinse nature of soil, condition of grassed areas water, to rub sticky dirt loose from the floor, around buildings, and adequacy of sidewalks. and to pick up the washing solution and rinse Table 1 provides a guide for frequency of water. This washing action of both soaps and sweeping under average conditions. detergents is performed in three steps.

3.1.2.4 Sweeping Standards. A properly (1) Wetting the soil and the surface swept floor should not have dust streaks, of the object being washed.

marks, dirt in corners, behind radiators or (2) Removing the soil from the doors, or under furniture. Furniture and surface.

other equipment moved during sweeping (3) Keeping the soil in solution and should be replaced (see glossary for "mov- suspension. Water has a property known as able furniture"). Baseboards, equipment and “surface tension," which makes it act as though it is covered with a thin elastic film. (k) Light spot cleaning with a damp This "surface tension" prevents water from mop and clean water may be required period-getting in, under and around the small parti- ically in limited areas.

cles of dirt on the surface to be cleaned. By adding soap or detergent to water, this ten-sion is decreased so that it will break upon contact with the particles. This permits the solution to get in and around the dirt and loosen it so that it may be picked up with a damp mop. Extensive damage can be done to floors by using excessive water and strong cleaning agents. Damage can be minimized by strict adherence to the following rules:

(a) Use water sparingly, only enough to do the job.

(b) Never use a mopping solution stronger than necessary to remove dirt.

Many jobs can be done with clear water.

(c) Use only clear water on conduc-tive floors.

(d) Allow solution to loosen dirt, then remove. Flooding of floor must be avoided at all times.

(e) Mop, rinse, and dry one small area of floor at a time. This reduces the time that the solution remains on the floor.

(f) Change water frequently. Dirty water will not wash clean. This applies both to wash and rinse water.

(g) Do not splash baseboards, furni-ture, and other equipment with mop water. If legs of furniture become dark from mop water or wax, clean them with a soft cloth and a solution of warm water and neutral detergent. Rinse with clear water and dry with a cloth.

(h) Do not allow water to seep under furniture, baseboards, or equipment. Apply masking tape around bottom of cabinets to prevent solution from seeping underneath and eventually causing rust stains to the floor surface.

(i) Difficult places, such as corners or behind radiators, should be mopped by hand.

This can be accomplished by grasping a por-tion of the mop in your hand and using it as a scrubbing cloth.

(j) All mopped floors shall present a clean appearance free from streaks, smears, or dirt residue.

3.1.3.2 Frequency of Damp Mopping.

Frequency of damp mopping will depend upon weather conditions, amount of traffic, and type of floor surface. Rough or porous floors need mopping more often than smooth, sealed floors. Table 1 provides guidance for frequency of damp mopping and other cleaning operations under average conditions.

3.1.3.3 Mopping Methods and Solutions.

Table 5 describes the solution and method used for mopping floors and floor coverings.

Details are given in paragraphs 6.2.13 through 6.2.19.5. Instructions for damp mopping conductive floors are given in para-graph 3.1.7.10 and 6.2.38.

3.1.4 Scrubbing. Floors should be scrubbed

only when they cannot be cleaned satisfacto-rily by mopping. Scrubbing is performed with a disk type or automatic floor machine using a bassine fiber brush or synthetic scrubbing pad. The general rules for mopping apply.

Scouring powder should be avoided.

However, if it must be used, sprinkle powder lightly on floor before scrubbing. When using solutions stronger than all-purpose synthetic detergent solution, wear rubber gloves to protect the hands. Water or scrubbing solu-tion should not remain on floor longer than absolutely necessary. Wood floors should be scrubbed with the grain.

IMPORTANT: Floor scrubbing should be kept to an absolute minimum. If floors are properly maintained, they seldom need scrubbing.

3.1.5 Dry Cleaning. Floors should be dry-

cleaned where possible rather than mopped.

One method of dry cleaning is performed by use of a disk-type machine equipped with a number one steel wool pad and vacuum at-tachment. If the floor has been sealed and is in good condition use steel wool to clean it

3.1.5.1 Disk-Type Machine. A small disk-

type machine with a steel wool pad or a syn-thetic cleaning pad may be used to dry-clean floors in small congested areas.

Instructions for operating this machine are 3.1.6 Waxing. Table 6 indicates waxes and found in paragraphs 6.2.20.1 and 6.2.24. finishes recommended for different types of Figure 3 shows machine in operation. floors.

3.1.5.2 Frequency of Dry-Cleaning. Prop- 3.1.6.1 Water Emulsion Wax. This wax erly sealed and waxed floors and waxed resil- may be applied with a lambswool applicator ient floor covering may be dry-cleaned be- or an ordinary mop. If a lambswool appli-tween rewaxing in lieu of periodic damp cator is used, pour the wax into a shallow mopping and buffing. Steel wool pads will pan. Wax should be ½ inch deep in pan.

not be used on rigid floors such as terrazzo, (An empty five-gallon wax drum cut to a marble, concrete, oxychioride cement, etc. height of three inches makes a good pan for this purpose.) Dip applicator in wax and type machine to remove brush marks.

wipe surplus off on side of pan. Apply a thin, (2) Important Points on Use and even coat to an area about 6 X 6 feet, first Maintenance of Wax Floors.

one way, and then cross-wise. Once wax (a) To prevent buildup of successive starts to dry, do not touch it with applicator. layers, wax should not be applied closer than If mop is used, wash mop to make certain no 6 inches adjacent to walls, partitions, or fix-cleaning solution remains. If possible a spe- tures, except for the first coat. A buffing ma-cial mop should be kept for waxing opera- chine will spread sufficient wax to these lit-tions only. Soap or detergent destroys the tle-used traffic areas.

waterproof qualities of wax. After washing, (b) Waxed floors should be vacuumed wet the mop in clear water and wring it dry or swept with a sweeping mop or brush as possible. Pour just enough wax to do the broom as often as necessary to keep the job in a clean mop pail. Wet mop in wax and floors reasonably free from dust or abrasives.

wring out excess. Apply a thin, even coat to (c) Dry clean periodically with disk-floor. Do not rub with mop after applying. type floor machine with fine steel wool pad

Complete instructions are given in paragraph

6.2.23. For longer durability and high gloss, apply one coat of wax, buff, then add a second coat of wax and buff again. After the waxing operation is completed, the left over wax should be disposed of and not be re-turned to the container.

(1) Buffing. Wax should be thoroughly dry before buffing. Drying time depends on amount of air circulation and the tempera-ture. If the dry cleaning method is not used, use a disk-type buffing machine (paragraph 6.2.20) with tampico brush or with a fine synthetic polishing pad. A lambswool pad can be placed under the brush of the disk-to remove heavy soil and traffic marks. In lieu of the dry cleaning machine, damp mop with clear water, and buff.

(d) Wax heavy traffic areas as often as necessary to protect floors.

(e) When waxed floors cannot be maintained satisfactorily all wax should be removed by mopping with wax remover solution followed by plain water mop-rinse, and rewaxing.

(f) Built-up wax may require scrub-bing with steel wool. The wax removers are formulated for use primarily on asphalt, rubber, linoleum, vinyl, vinyl asbestos and mastipave floor coverings and should not damage these floors if properly used. In the absence of prepared wax remover, ammonia in solution with synthetic detergent and water may be used. However, take care to use only enough ammonia to remove the wax effectively.

(3) Waxing Standards. A properly waxed floor should have a thin, even coating.

Floor should be clean and bright in corners and under furniture as well as in other areas.

Wax should be huffed to a uniform sheen, leaving no heavy brush marks.

(4) Black Marks or Rubber Burns may be Removed by Spot Cleaning. An effective way to accomplish this is to affix a piece of synthetic scrubbing pad between the mop head and handle clamp so that approximately six to eight inches are on either…